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kc3-lang/libtommath/demo/test.c

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  • Author : Daniel Mendler
    Date : 2019-05-20 19:11:25
    Hash : 1af0de1f
    Message : deprecate mp_tc_(and|or|xor) in favor of mp_(and|or|xor) * same behavior for positive numbers * generalisation for negative numbers, treating them as two complement * improve algorithm, iterate once over the digits, manually perform two complement * simplify mp_add_d, mp_sub_d * functions are safe in case of a==c or b==c * renamed mp_tc_div_2d to mp_signed_rsh (signed right shift)

  • demo/test.c
  • #include "shared.h"
    
    static long rand_long(void)
    {
       long x;
       if (s_mp_rand_source(&x, sizeof(x)) != MP_OKAY) {
          fprintf(stderr, "s_mp_rand_source failed\n");
          exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
       }
       return x;
    }
    
    static int rand_int(void)
    {
       int x;
       if (s_mp_rand_source(&x, sizeof(x)) != MP_OKAY) {
          fprintf(stderr, "s_mp_rand_source failed\n");
          exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
       }
       return x;
    }
    
    static unsigned long ulabs(long x)
    {
       return x > 0 ? (unsigned long)x : -(unsigned long)x;
    }
    
    static int test_trivial_stuff(void)
    {
       mp_int a, b, c, d;
       mp_err e;
       if ((e = mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL)) != MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
       (void)mp_error_to_string(e);
    
       /* a: 0->5 */
       mp_set_int(&a, 5uL);
       /* a: 5-> b: -5 */
       mp_neg(&a, &b);
       if (mp_cmp(&a, &b) != MP_GT) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_cmp(&b, &a) != MP_LT) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       /* a: 5-> a: -5 */
       mp_neg(&a, &a);
       if (mp_cmp(&b, &a) != MP_EQ) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       /* a: -5-> b: 5 */
       mp_abs(&a, &b);
       if (mp_isneg(&b) != MP_NO) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       /* a: -5-> b: -4 */
       mp_add_d(&a, 1uL, &b);
       if (mp_isneg(&b) != MP_YES) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_get_int(&b) != 4) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       /* a: -5-> b: 1 */
       mp_add_d(&a, 6uL, &b);
       if (mp_get_int(&b) != 1) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       /* a: -5-> a: 1 */
       mp_add_d(&a, 6uL, &a);
       if (mp_get_int(&a) != 1) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       mp_zero(&a);
       /* a: 0-> a: 6 */
       mp_add_d(&a, 6uL, &a);
       if (mp_get_int(&a) != 6) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
    
       mp_set_int(&a, 42uL);
       mp_set_int(&b, 1uL);
       mp_neg(&b, &b);
       mp_set_int(&c, 1uL);
       mp_exptmod(&a, &b, &c, &d);
    
       mp_set_int(&c, 7uL);
       mp_exptmod(&a, &b, &c, &d);
    
       if (mp_iseven(&a) == mp_isodd(&a)) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_fread_fwrite(void)
    {
       mp_int a, b;
       mp_err e;
       FILE *tmp = NULL;
       if ((e = mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)) != MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       mp_set_int(&a, 123456uL);
       tmp = tmpfile();
       if ((e = mp_fwrite(&a, 64, tmp)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       rewind(tmp);
       if ((e = mp_fread(&b, 64, tmp)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_get_int(&b) != 123456uL) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       fclose(tmp);
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       if (tmp != NULL) fclose(tmp);
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static mp_err very_random_source(void *out, size_t size)
    {
       memset(out, 0xff, size);
       return MP_OKAY;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_rand(void)
    {
       mp_int a, b;
       int n;
       mp_err err;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
       mp_rand_source(very_random_source);
       for (n = 1; n < 1024; ++n) {
          if ((err = mp_rand(&a, n)) != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("Failed mp_rand() %s.\n", mp_error_to_string(err));
             break;
          }
          if ((err = mp_incr(&a)) != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("Failed mp_incr() %s.\n", mp_error_to_string(err));
             break;
          }
          if ((err = mp_div_2d(&a, n * MP_DIGIT_BIT, &b, NULL)) != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("Failed mp_div_2d() %s.\n", mp_error_to_string(err));
             break;
          }
          if (mp_cmp_d(&b, 1) != MP_EQ) {
             ndraw(&a, "mp_rand() a");
             ndraw(&b, "mp_rand() b");
             err = MP_ERR;
             break;
          }
       }
       mp_rand_source(s_mp_rand_jenkins);
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return err == MP_OKAY ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_s_mp_jacobi(void)
    {
       struct s_mp_jacobi_st {
          unsigned long n;
          int c[16];
       };
    
       static struct s_mp_jacobi_st jacobi[] = {
          { 3, {  1, -1,  0,  1, -1,  0,  1, -1,  0,  1, -1,  0,  1, -1,  0,  1 } },
          { 5, {  0,  1, -1, -1,  1,  0,  1, -1, -1,  1,  0,  1, -1, -1,  1,  0 } },
          { 7, {  1, -1,  1, -1, -1,  0,  1,  1, -1,  1, -1, -1,  0,  1,  1, -1 } },
          { 9, { -1,  1,  0,  1,  1,  0,  1,  1,  0,  1,  1,  0,  1,  1,  0,  1 } },
       };
    
       int i, n, cnt;
       mp_err err, should;
       mp_int a, b;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       mp_set_int(&a, 0uL);
       mp_set_int(&b, 1uL);
       if ((err = s_mp_jacobi(&a, &b, &i)) != MP_OKAY) {
          printf("Failed executing s_mp_jacobi(0 | 1) %s.\n", mp_error_to_string(err));
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       if (i != 1) {
          printf("Failed trivial s_mp_jacobi(0 | 1) %d != 1\n", i);
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       for (cnt = 0; cnt < (int)(sizeof(jacobi)/sizeof(jacobi[0])); ++cnt) {
          mp_set_int(&b, jacobi[cnt].n);
          /* only test positive values of a */
          for (n = -5; n <= 10; ++n) {
             mp_set_int(&a, (unsigned int)abs(n));
             should = MP_OKAY;
             if (n < 0) {
                mp_neg(&a, &a);
                /* Until #44 is fixed the negative a's must fail */
                should = MP_VAL;
             }
             if ((err = s_mp_jacobi(&a, &b, &i)) != should) {
                printf("Failed executing s_mp_jacobi(%d | %lu) %s.\n", n, jacobi[cnt].n, mp_error_to_string(err));
                goto LBL_ERR;
             }
             if ((err == MP_OKAY) && (i != jacobi[cnt].c[n + 5])) {
                printf("Failed trivial s_mp_jacobi(%d | %lu) %d != %d\n", n, jacobi[cnt].n, i, jacobi[cnt].c[n + 5]);
                goto LBL_ERR;
             }
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_kronecker(void)
    {
       struct mp_kronecker_st {
          long n;
          int c[21];
       };
       static struct mp_kronecker_st kronecker[] = {
          /*-10, -9, -8, -7,-6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1,  2,  3, 4,  5,  6,  7,  8, 9, 10*/
          { -10, {  0, -1,  0, -1, 0,  0,  0,  1,  0, -1, 0, 1,  0, -1, 0,  0,  0,  1,  0, 1,  0  } },
          {  -9, { -1,  0, -1,  1, 0, -1, -1,  0, -1, -1, 0, 1,  1,  0, 1,  1,  0, -1,  1, 0,  1  } },
          {  -8, {  0, -1,  0,  1, 0,  1,  0, -1,  0, -1, 0, 1,  0,  1, 0, -1,  0, -1,  0, 1,  0  } },
          {  -7, {  1, -1, -1,  0, 1,  1, -1,  1, -1, -1, 0, 1,  1, -1, 1, -1, -1,  0,  1, 1, -1  } },
          {  -6, {  0,  0,  0, -1, 0, -1,  0,  0,  0, -1, 0, 1,  0,  0, 0,  1,  0,  1,  0, 0,  0  } },
          {  -5, {  0, -1,  1, -1, 1,  0, -1, -1,  1, -1, 0, 1, -1,  1, 1,  0, -1,  1, -1, 1,  0  } },
          {  -4, {  0, -1,  0,  1, 0, -1,  0,  1,  0, -1, 0, 1,  0, -1, 0,  1,  0, -1,  0, 1,  0  } },
          {  -3, { -1,  0,  1, -1, 0,  1, -1,  0,  1, -1, 0, 1, -1,  0, 1, -1,  0,  1, -1, 0,  1  } },
          {  -2, {  0, -1,  0,  1, 0,  1,  0, -1,  0, -1, 0, 1,  0,  1, 0, -1,  0, -1,  0, 1,  0  } },
          {  -1, { -1, -1, -1,  1, 1, -1, -1,  1, -1, -1, 1, 1,  1, -1, 1,  1, -1, -1,  1, 1,  1  } },
          {   0, {  0,  0,  0,  0, 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  1, 0, 1,  0,  0, 0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 0,  0  } },
          {   1, {  1,  1,  1,  1, 1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1, 1, 1,  1,  1, 1,  1,  1,  1,  1, 1,  1  } },
          {   2, {  0,  1,  0,  1, 0, -1,  0, -1,  0,  1, 0, 1,  0, -1, 0, -1,  0,  1,  0, 1,  0  } },
          {   3, {  1,  0, -1, -1, 0, -1,  1,  0, -1,  1, 0, 1, -1,  0, 1, -1,  0, -1, -1, 0,  1  } },
          {   4, {  0,  1,  0,  1, 0,  1,  0,  1,  0,  1, 0, 1,  0,  1, 0,  1,  0,  1,  0, 1,  0  } },
          {   5, {  0,  1, -1, -1, 1,  0,  1, -1, -1,  1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1,  0,  1, -1, -1, 1,  0  } },
          {   6, {  0,  0,  0, -1, 0,  1,  0,  0,  0,  1, 0, 1,  0,  0, 0,  1,  0, -1,  0, 0,  0  } },
          {   7, { -1,  1,  1,  0, 1, -1,  1,  1,  1,  1, 0, 1,  1,  1, 1, -1,  1,  0,  1, 1, -1  } },
          {   8, {  0,  1,  0,  1, 0, -1,  0, -1,  0,  1, 0, 1,  0, -1, 0, -1,  0,  1,  0, 1,  0  } },
          {   9, {  1,  0,  1,  1, 0,  1,  1,  0,  1,  1, 0, 1,  1,  0, 1,  1,  0,  1,  1, 0,  1  } },
          {  10, {  0,  1,  0, -1, 0,  0,  0,  1,  0,  1, 0, 1,  0,  1, 0,  0,  0, -1,  0, 1,  0  } }
       };
    
       long k, m;
       int i, cnt;
       mp_err err;
       mp_int a, b;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       mp_set_int(&a, 0uL);
       mp_set_int(&b, 1uL);
       if ((err = mp_kronecker(&a, &b, &i)) != MP_OKAY) {
          printf("Failed executing mp_kronecker(0 | 1) %s.\n", mp_error_to_string(err));
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       if (i != 1) {
          printf("Failed trivial mp_kronecker(0 | 1) %d != 1\n", i);
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       for (cnt = 0; cnt < (int)(sizeof(kronecker)/sizeof(kronecker[0])); ++cnt) {
          k = kronecker[cnt].n;
          if (k < 0) {
             mp_set_int(&a, (unsigned long)(-k));
             mp_neg(&a, &a);
          } else {
             mp_set_int(&a, (unsigned long) k);
          }
          /* only test positive values of a */
          for (m = -10; m <= 10; m++) {
             if (m < 0) {
                mp_set_int(&b,(unsigned long)(-m));
                mp_neg(&b, &b);
             } else {
                mp_set_int(&b, (unsigned long) m);
             }
             if ((err = mp_kronecker(&a, &b, &i)) != MP_OKAY) {
                printf("Failed executing mp_kronecker(%ld | %ld) %s.\n", kronecker[cnt].n, m, mp_error_to_string(err));
                goto LBL_ERR;
             }
             if ((err == MP_OKAY) && (i != kronecker[cnt].c[m + 10])) {
                printf("Failed trivial mp_kronecker(%ld | %ld) %d != %d\n", kronecker[cnt].n, m, i, kronecker[cnt].c[m + 10]);
                goto LBL_ERR;
             }
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_complement(void)
    {
       int i;
    
       mp_int a, b, c;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       for (i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
          long l = rand_long();
          mp_set_long(&a, ulabs(l));
          if (l < 0)
             mp_neg(&a, &a);
          mp_complement(&a, &b);
    
          l = ~l;
          mp_set_long(&c, ulabs(l));
          if (l < 0)
             mp_neg(&c, &c);
    
          if (mp_cmp(&b, &c) != MP_EQ) {
             printf("\nmp_complement() bad result!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_signed_rsh(void)
    {
       int i;
    
       mp_int a, b, d;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &d, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       for (i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
          long l;
          int em;
    
          l = rand_long();
          mp_set_long(&a, ulabs(l));
          if (l < 0)
             mp_neg(&a, &a);
    
          em = abs(rand_int()) % 32;
    
          mp_set_long(&d, ulabs(l >> em));
          if ((l >> em) < 0)
             mp_neg(&d, &d);
    
          mp_signed_rsh(&a, em, &b);
          if (mp_cmp(&b, &d) != MP_EQ) {
             printf("\nmp_signed_rsh() bad result!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    
    }
    
    static int test_mp_xor(void)
    {
       int i;
    
       mp_int a, b, c, d;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       for (i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
          long l, em;
    
          l = rand_long();
          mp_set_int(&a, ulabs(l));
          if (l < 0)
             mp_neg(&a, &a);
    
          em = rand_long();
          mp_set_int(&b, ulabs(em));
          if (em < 0)
             mp_neg(&b, &b);
    
          mp_set_int(&d, ulabs(l ^ em));
          if ((l ^ em) < 0)
             mp_neg(&d, &d);
    
          mp_xor(&a, &b, &c);
          if (mp_cmp(&c, &d) != MP_EQ) {
             printf("\nmp_xor() bad result!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    
    }
    
    static int test_mp_or(void)
    {
       int i;
    
       mp_int a, b, c, d;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       for (i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
          long l, em;
    
          l = rand_long();
          mp_set_long(&a, ulabs(l));
          if (l < 0)
             mp_neg(&a, &a);
    
          em = rand_long();
          mp_set_long(&b, ulabs(em));
          if (em < 0)
             mp_neg(&b, &b);
    
          mp_set_long(&d, ulabs(l | em));
          if ((l | em) < 0)
             mp_neg(&d, &d);
    
          mp_or(&a, &b, &c);
          if (mp_cmp(&c, &d) != MP_EQ) {
             printf("\nmp_or() bad result!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_and(void)
    {
       int i;
    
       mp_int a, b, c, d;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       for (i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
          long l, em;
    
          l = rand_long();
          mp_set_long(&a, ulabs(l));
          if (l < 0)
             mp_neg(&a, &a);
    
          em = rand_long();
          mp_set_long(&b, ulabs(em));
          if (em < 0)
             mp_neg(&b, &b);
    
          mp_set_long(&d, ulabs(l & em));
          if ((l & em) < 0)
             mp_neg(&d, &d);
    
          mp_and(&a, &b, &c);
          if (mp_cmp(&c, &d) != MP_EQ) {
             printf("\nmp_and() bad result!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_invmod(void)
    {
       mp_int a, b, c, d;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       /* mp_invmod corner-case of https://github.com/libtom/libtommath/issues/118 */
       {
          const char *a_ = "47182BB8DF0FFE9F61B1F269BACC066B48BA145D35137D426328DC3F88A5EA44";
          const char *b_ = "FFFFFFFEFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF00000000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF";
          const char *should_ = "0521A82E10376F8E4FDEF9A32A427AC2A0FFF686E00290D39E3E4B5522409596";
    
          if (mp_read_radix(&a, a_, 16) != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("\nmp_read_radix(a) failed!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (mp_read_radix(&b, b_, 16) != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("\nmp_read_radix(b) failed!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (mp_read_radix(&c, should_, 16) != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("\nmp_read_radix(should) failed!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
    
          if (mp_invmod(&a, &b, &d) != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("\nmp_invmod() failed!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
    
          if (mp_cmp(&c, &d) != MP_EQ) {
             printf("\nmp_invmod() bad result!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    
    }
    
    static int test_mp_set_double(void)
    {
       int i;
    
       mp_int a, b;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       /* test mp_get_double/mp_set_double */
    #if defined(__STDC_IEC_559__) || defined(__GCC_IEC_559)
       if (mp_set_double(&a, +1.0/0.0) != MP_VAL) {
          printf("\nmp_set_double should return MP_VAL for +inf");
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_set_double(&a, -1.0/0.0) != MP_VAL) {
          printf("\nmp_set_double should return MP_VAL for -inf");
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_set_double(&a, +0.0/0.0) != MP_VAL) {
          printf("\nmp_set_double should return MP_VAL for NaN");
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_set_double(&a, -0.0/0.0) != MP_VAL) {
          printf("\nmp_set_double should return MP_VAL for NaN");
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
    
       for (i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
          int tmp = rand_int();
          double dbl = (double)tmp * rand_int() + 1;
          if (mp_set_double(&a, dbl) != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("\nmp_set_double() failed");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (dbl != mp_get_double(&a)) {
             printf("\nmp_get_double() bad result!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (mp_set_double(&a, -dbl) != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("\nmp_set_double() failed");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (-dbl != mp_get_double(&a)) {
             printf("\nmp_get_double() bad result!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
    #endif
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    
    }
    
    static int test_mp_get_int(void)
    {
       unsigned long t;
       int i;
    
       mp_int a, b;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       for (i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
          t = (unsigned long)rand_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFuL;
          mp_set_int(&a, t);
          if (t != mp_get_int(&a)) {
             printf("\nmp_get_int() bad result!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
       mp_set_int(&a, 0uL);
       if (mp_get_int(&a) != 0) {
          printf("\nmp_get_int() bad result!");
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       mp_set_int(&a, 0xFFFFFFFFuL);
       if (mp_get_int(&a) != 0xFFFFFFFFuL) {
          printf("\nmp_get_int() bad result!");
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_get_long(void)
    {
       unsigned long s, t;
       int i;
    
       mp_int a, b;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       for (i = 0; i < ((int)(sizeof(unsigned long)*CHAR_BIT) - 1); ++i) {
          t = (1UL << (i+1)) - 1;
          if (!t)
             t = ~0UL;
          printf(" t = 0x%lx i = %d\r", t, i);
          do {
             mp_set_long(&a, t);
             s = mp_get_long(&a);
             if (s != t) {
                printf("\nmp_get_long() bad result! 0x%lx != 0x%lx", s, t);
                goto LBL_ERR;
             }
             t <<= 1;
          } while (t != 0uL);
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_get_long_long(void)
    {
       unsigned long long q, r;
       int i;
    
       mp_int a, b;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       for (i = 0; i < ((int)(sizeof(unsigned long long)*CHAR_BIT) - 1); ++i) {
          r = (1ULL << (i+1)) - 1;
          if (!r)
             r = ~0ULL;
          printf(" r = 0x%llx i = %d\r", r, i);
          do {
             mp_set_long_long(&a, r);
             q = mp_get_long_long(&a);
             if (q != r) {
                printf("\nmp_get_long_long() bad result! 0x%llx != 0x%llx", q, r);
                goto LBL_ERR;
             }
             r <<= 1;
          } while (r != 0uLL);
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    
    }
    
    static int test_mp_sqrt(void)
    {
       int i, n;
    
       mp_int a, b, c, d;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       for (i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
          printf("%6d\r", i);
          fflush(stdout);
          n = (rand_int() & 15) + 1;
          mp_rand(&a, n);
          if (mp_sqrt(&a, &b) != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("\nmp_sqrt() error!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          mp_n_root_ex(&a, 2uL, &c, 0);
          mp_n_root_ex(&a, 2uL, &d, 1);
          if (mp_cmp_mag(&c, &d) != MP_EQ) {
             printf("\nmp_n_root_ex() bad result!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (mp_cmp_mag(&b, &c) != MP_EQ) {
             printf("mp_sqrt() bad result!\n");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_is_square(void)
    {
       int i, n;
    
       mp_int a, b;
       mp_bool res;
    
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       for (i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
          printf("%6d\r", i);
          fflush(stdout);
    
          /* test mp_is_square false negatives */
          n = (rand_int() & 7) + 1;
          mp_rand(&a, n);
          mp_sqr(&a, &a);
          if (mp_is_square(&a, &res) != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("\nfn:mp_is_square() error!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (res == MP_NO) {
             printf("\nfn:mp_is_square() bad result!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
    
          /* test for false positives */
          mp_add_d(&a, 1uL, &a);
          if (mp_is_square(&a, &res) != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("\nfp:mp_is_square() error!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (res == MP_YES) {
             printf("\nfp:mp_is_square() bad result!");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
    
       }
       printf("\n\n");
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_sqrtmod_prime(void)
    {
       struct mp_sqrtmod_prime_st {
          unsigned long p;
          unsigned long n;
          mp_digit r;
       };
    
       static struct mp_sqrtmod_prime_st sqrtmod_prime[] = {
          { 5, 14, 3 },
          { 7, 9, 4 },
          { 113, 2, 62 }
       };
       int i;
    
       mp_int a, b, c;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       /* r^2 = n (mod p) */
       for (i = 0; i < (int)(sizeof(sqrtmod_prime)/sizeof(sqrtmod_prime[0])); ++i) {
          mp_set_int(&a, sqrtmod_prime[i].p);
          mp_set_int(&b, sqrtmod_prime[i].n);
          if (mp_sqrtmod_prime(&b, &a, &c) != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("Failed executing %d. mp_sqrtmod_prime\n", (i+1));
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (mp_cmp_d(&c, sqrtmod_prime[i].r) != MP_EQ) {
             printf("Failed %d. trivial mp_sqrtmod_prime\n", (i+1));
             ndraw(&c, "r");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_prime_rand(void)
    {
       int ix;
       mp_err err;
       mp_int a, b;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       /* test for size */
       for (ix = 10; ix < 128; ix++) {
          printf("Testing (not safe-prime): %9d bits    \r", ix);
          fflush(stdout);
          err = mp_prime_rand(&a, 8, ix, (rand_int() & 1) ? 0 : MP_PRIME_2MSB_ON);
          if (err != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("\nfailed with error: %s\n", mp_error_to_string(err));
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (mp_count_bits(&a) != ix) {
             printf("Prime is %d not %d bits!!!\n", mp_count_bits(&a), ix);
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
       printf("\n");
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_prime_is_prime(void)
    {
       int ix;
       mp_err err;
       mp_bool cnt, fu;
    
       mp_int a, b;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       /* strong Miller-Rabin pseudoprime to the first 200 primes (F. Arnault) */
       puts("Testing mp_prime_is_prime() with Arnault's pseudoprime  803...901 \n");
       mp_read_radix(&a,
                     "91xLNF3roobhzgTzoFIG6P13ZqhOVYSN60Fa7Cj2jVR1g0k89zdahO9/kAiRprpfO1VAp1aBHucLFV/qLKLFb+zonV7R2Vxp1K13ClwUXStpV0oxTNQVjwybmFb5NBEHImZ6V7P6+udRJuH8VbMEnS0H8/pSqQrg82OoQQ2fPpAk6G1hkjqoCv5s/Yr",
                     64);
       mp_prime_is_prime(&a, mp_prime_rabin_miller_trials(mp_count_bits(&a)), &cnt);
       if (cnt == MP_YES) {
          printf("Arnault's pseudoprime is not prime but mp_prime_is_prime says it is.\n");
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       /* About the same size as Arnault's pseudoprime */
       puts("Testing mp_prime_is_prime() with certified prime 2^1119 + 53\n");
       mp_set(&a, 1uL);
       mp_mul_2d(&a,1119,&a);
       mp_add_d(&a, 53uL, &a);
       err = mp_prime_is_prime(&a, mp_prime_rabin_miller_trials(mp_count_bits(&a)), &cnt);
       /* small problem */
       if (err != MP_OKAY) {
          printf("\nfailed with error: %s\n", mp_error_to_string(err));
       }
       /* large problem */
       if (cnt == MP_NO) {
          printf("A certified prime is a prime but mp_prime_is_prime says it is not.\n");
       }
       if ((err != MP_OKAY) || (cnt == MP_NO)) {
          printf("prime tested was: ");
          mp_fwrite(&a,16,stdout);
          putchar('\n');
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       for (ix = 16; ix < 128; ix++) {
          printf("Testing (    safe-prime): %9d bits    \r", ix);
          fflush(stdout);
          err = mp_prime_rand(&a, 8, ix, ((rand_int() & 1) ? 0 : MP_PRIME_2MSB_ON) | MP_PRIME_SAFE);
          if (err != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("\nfailed with error: %s\n", mp_error_to_string(err));
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (mp_count_bits(&a) != ix) {
             printf("Prime is %d not %d bits!!!\n", mp_count_bits(&a), ix);
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          /* let's see if it's really a safe prime */
          mp_sub_d(&a, 1uL, &b);
          mp_div_2(&b, &b);
          err = mp_prime_is_prime(&b, mp_prime_rabin_miller_trials(mp_count_bits(&b)), &cnt);
          /* small problem */
          if (err != MP_OKAY) {
             printf("\nfailed with error: %s\n", mp_error_to_string(err));
          }
          /* large problem */
          if (cnt == MP_NO) {
             printf("\nsub is not prime!\n");
          }
          mp_prime_frobenius_underwood(&b, &fu);
          if (fu == MP_NO) {
             printf("\nfrobenius-underwood says sub is not prime!\n");
          }
          if ((err != MP_OKAY) || (cnt == MP_NO)) {
             printf("prime tested was: ");
             mp_fwrite(&a,16,stdout);
             putchar('\n');
             printf("sub tested was: ");
             mp_fwrite(&b,16,stdout);
             putchar('\n');
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
    
       }
       /* Check regarding problem #143 */
    #ifndef MP_8BIT
       mp_read_radix(&a,
                     "FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFC90FDAA22168C234C4C6628B80DC1CD129024E088A67CC74020BBEA63B139B22514A08798E3404DDEF9519B3CD3A431B302B0A6DF25F14374FE1356D6D51C245E485B576625E7EC6F44C42E9A63A3620FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF",
                     16);
       err = mp_prime_strong_lucas_selfridge(&a, &cnt);
       /* small problem */
       if (err != MP_OKAY) {
          printf("\nmp_prime_strong_lucas_selfridge failed with error: %s\n", mp_error_to_string(err));
       }
       /* large problem */
       if (cnt == MP_NO) {
          printf("\n\nissue #143 - mp_prime_strong_lucas_selfridge FAILED!\n");
       }
       if ((err != MP_OKAY) || (cnt == MP_NO)) {
          printf("prime tested was: ");
          mp_fwrite(&a,16,stdout);
          putchar('\n');
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
    #endif
    
       printf("\n\n");
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    
    }
    
    static int test_mp_montgomery_reduce(void)
    {
       mp_digit mp;
       int ix, i, n;
       char buf[4096];
    
       mp_int a, b, c, d, e;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, &e, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       /* test montgomery */
       for (i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
          if (i == 10)
             i = 1000;
          printf(" digit size: %2d\r", i);
          fflush(stdout);
          for (n = 0; n < 1000; n++) {
             mp_rand(&a, i);
             a.dp[0] |= 1;
    
             /* let's see if R is right */
             mp_montgomery_calc_normalization(&b, &a);
             mp_montgomery_setup(&a, &mp);
    
             /* now test a random reduction */
             for (ix = 0; ix < 100; ix++) {
                mp_rand(&c, 1 + abs(rand_int()) % (2*i));
                mp_copy(&c, &d);
                mp_copy(&c, &e);
    
                mp_mod(&d, &a, &d);
                mp_montgomery_reduce(&c, &a, mp);
                mp_mulmod(&c, &b, &a, &c);
    
                if (mp_cmp(&c, &d) != MP_EQ) {
    /* *INDENT-OFF* */
                   printf("d = e mod a, c = e MOD a\n");
                   mp_todecimal(&a, buf); printf("a = %s\n", buf);
                   mp_todecimal(&e, buf); printf("e = %s\n", buf);
                   mp_todecimal(&d, buf); printf("d = %s\n", buf);
                   mp_todecimal(&c, buf); printf("c = %s\n", buf);
                   printf("compare no compare!\n"); goto LBL_ERR;
    /* *INDENT-ON* */
                }
                /* only one big montgomery reduction */
                if (i > 10) {
                   n = 1000;
                   ix = 100;
                }
             }
          }
       }
    
       printf("\n\n");
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, &e, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, &e, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    
    }
    
    static int test_mp_read_radix(void)
    {
       char buf[4096];
    
       mp_int a;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       mp_read_radix(&a, "123456", 10);
       mp_toradix_n(&a, buf, 10, 3);
       printf("a == %s\n", buf);
       mp_toradix_n(&a, buf, 10, 4);
       printf("a == %s\n", buf);
       mp_toradix_n(&a, buf, 10, 30);
       printf("a == %s\n", buf);
    
    #if 0
       for (;;) {
          fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin);
          mp_read_radix(&a, buf, 10);
          mp_prime_next_prime(&a, 5, 1);
          mp_toradix(&a, buf, 10);
          printf("%s, %lu\n", buf, a.dp[0] & 3);
       }
    #endif
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_cnt_lsb(void)
    {
       int ix;
    
       mp_int a, b;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       mp_set(&a, 1uL);
       for (ix = 0; ix < 1024; ix++) {
          if (mp_cnt_lsb(&a) != ix) {
             printf("Failed at %d, %d\n", ix, mp_cnt_lsb(&a));
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          mp_mul_2(&a, &a);
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    
    }
    
    static int test_mp_reduce_2k(void)
    {
       int ix, cnt;
    
       mp_int a, b, c, d;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       /* test mp_reduce_2k */
       for (cnt = 3; cnt <= 128; ++cnt) {
          mp_digit tmp;
    
          mp_2expt(&a, cnt);
          mp_sub_d(&a, 2uL, &a);  /* a = 2**cnt - 2 */
    
          printf("\r %4d bits", cnt);
          printf("(%d)", mp_reduce_is_2k(&a));
          mp_reduce_2k_setup(&a, &tmp);
          printf("(%lu)", (unsigned long) tmp);
          for (ix = 0; ix < 1000; ix++) {
             if (!(ix & 127)) {
                printf(".");
                fflush(stdout);
             }
             mp_rand(&b, (cnt / MP_DIGIT_BIT + 1) * 2);
             mp_copy(&c, &b);
             mp_mod(&c, &a, &c);
             mp_reduce_2k(&b, &a, 2uL);
             if (mp_cmp(&c, &b) != MP_EQ) {
                printf("FAILED\n");
                goto LBL_ERR;
             }
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_div_3(void)
    {
       int cnt;
    
       mp_int a, b, c, d, e;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, &e, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       /* test mp_div_3  */
       mp_set(&d, 3uL);
       for (cnt = 0; cnt < 10000;) {
          mp_digit r2;
    
          if (!(++cnt & 127)) {
             printf("%9d\r", cnt);
             fflush(stdout);
          }
          mp_rand(&a, abs(rand_int()) % 128 + 1);
          mp_div(&a, &d, &b, &e);
          mp_div_3(&a, &c, &r2);
    
          if (mp_cmp(&b, &c) || mp_cmp_d(&e, r2)) {
             printf("\nmp_div_3 => Failure\n");
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
       printf("\nPassed div_3 testing");
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, &e, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, &e, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_dr_reduce(void)
    {
       mp_digit mp;
       int cnt;
       unsigned rr;
       int ix;
    
       mp_int a, b, c;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    
       /* test the DR reduction */
       for (cnt = 2; cnt < 32; cnt++) {
          printf("\r%d digit modulus", cnt);
          mp_grow(&a, cnt);
          mp_zero(&a);
          for (ix = 1; ix < cnt; ix++) {
             a.dp[ix] = MP_MASK;
          }
          a.used = cnt;
          a.dp[0] = 3;
    
          mp_rand(&b, cnt - 1);
          mp_copy(&b, &c);
    
          rr = 0;
          do {
             if (!(rr & 127)) {
                printf(".");
                fflush(stdout);
             }
             mp_sqr(&b, &b);
             mp_add_d(&b, 1uL, &b);
             mp_copy(&b, &c);
    
             mp_mod(&b, &a, &b);
             mp_dr_setup(&a, &mp);
             mp_dr_reduce(&c, &a, mp);
    
             if (mp_cmp(&b, &c) != MP_EQ) {
                printf("Failed on trial %u\n", rr);
                goto LBL_ERR;
             }
          } while (++rr < 500);
          printf(" passed");
          fflush(stdout);
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_reduce_2k_l(void)
    {
    #   if LTM_DEMO_TEST_REDUCE_2K_L
       mp_int a, b;
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)!= MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
       /* test the mp_reduce_2k_l code */
    #      if LTM_DEMO_TEST_REDUCE_2K_L == 1
       /* first load P with 2^1024 - 0x2A434 B9FDEC95 D8F9D550 FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF */
       mp_2expt(&a, 1024);
       mp_read_radix(&b, "2A434B9FDEC95D8F9D550FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF", 16);
       mp_sub(&a, &b, &a);
    #      elif LTM_DEMO_TEST_REDUCE_2K_L == 2
       /*  p = 2^2048 - 0x1 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 4945DDBF 8EA2A91D 5776399B B83E188F  */
       mp_2expt(&a, 2048);
       mp_read_radix(&b,
                     "1000000000000000000000000000000004945DDBF8EA2A91D5776399BB83E188F",
                     16);
       mp_sub(&a, &b, &a);
    #      else
    #         error oops
    #      endif
    
       mp_todecimal(&a, buf);
       printf("\n\np==%s\n", buf);
       /* now mp_reduce_is_2k_l() should return */
       if (mp_reduce_is_2k_l(&a) != 1) {
          printf("mp_reduce_is_2k_l() return 0, should be 1\n");
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       mp_reduce_2k_setup_l(&a, &d);
       /* now do a million square+1 to see if it varies */
       mp_rand(&b, 64);
       mp_mod(&b, &a, &b);
       mp_copy(&b, &c);
       printf("Testing: mp_reduce_2k_l...");
       fflush(stdout);
       for (cnt = 0; cnt < (int)(1uL << 20); cnt++) {
          mp_sqr(&b, &b);
          mp_add_d(&b, 1uL, &b);
          mp_reduce_2k_l(&b, &a, &d);
          mp_sqr(&c, &c);
          mp_add_d(&c, 1uL, &c);
          mp_mod(&c, &a, &c);
          if (mp_cmp(&b, &c) != MP_EQ) {
             printf("mp_reduce_2k_l() failed at step %d\n", cnt);
             mp_tohex(&b, buf);
             printf("b == %s\n", buf);
             mp_tohex(&c, buf);
             printf("c == %s\n", buf);
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    #else
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    #   endif /* LTM_DEMO_TEST_REDUCE_2K_L */
    }
    /* stripped down version of mp_radix_size. The faster version can be off by up t
    o +3  */
    static mp_err s_rs(const mp_int *a, int radix, int *size)
    {
       mp_err res;
       int digs = 0;
       mp_int  t;
       mp_digit d;
       *size = 0;
       if (mp_iszero(a) == MP_YES) {
          *size = 2;
          return MP_OKAY;
       }
       if (radix == 2) {
          *size = mp_count_bits(a) + 1;
          return MP_OKAY;
       }
       if ((res = mp_init_copy(&t, a)) != MP_OKAY) {
          return res;
       }
       t.sign = MP_ZPOS;
       while (mp_iszero(&t) == MP_NO) {
          if ((res = mp_div_d(&t, (mp_digit)radix, &t, &d)) != MP_OKAY) {
             mp_clear(&t);
             return res;
          }
          ++digs;
       }
       mp_clear(&t);
       *size = digs + 1;
       return MP_OKAY;
    }
    static int test_mp_ilogb(void)
    {
       mp_int a, lb;
       mp_digit d, base;
       int size;
    
       if (mp_init_multi(&a, &lb, NULL) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
    
       /*
         base   a    result
          0     x    MP_VAL
          1     x    MP_VAL
       */
       mp_set(&a, 42uL);
       base = 0uL;
       if (mp_ilogb(&a, base, &lb) != MP_VAL) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       base = 1uL;
       if (mp_ilogb(&a, base, &lb) != MP_VAL) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       /*
         base   a    result
          2     0    MP_VAL
          2     1    0
          2     2    1
          2     3    1
       */
       base = 2uL;
       mp_zero(&a);
       if (mp_ilogb(&a, base, &lb) != MP_VAL) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
    
       for (d = 1; d < 4; d++) {
          mp_set(&a, d);
          if (mp_ilogb(&a, base, &lb) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (mp_cmp_d(&lb, (d == 1)?0uL:1uL) != MP_EQ) {
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
       /*
        base   a    result
         3     0    MP_VAL
         3     1    0
         3     2    0
         3     3    1
       */
       base = 3uL;
       mp_zero(&a);
       if (mp_ilogb(&a, base, &lb) != MP_VAL) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       for (d = 1; d < 4; d++) {
          mp_set(&a, d);
          if (mp_ilogb(&a, base, &lb) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (mp_cmp_d(&lb, (d < base)?0uL:1uL) != MP_EQ) {
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       /*
         bases 2..64 with "a" a random large constant.
         The range of bases tested allows to check with
         radix_size.
       */
       if (mp_rand(&a, 10) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       for (base = 2uL; base < 65uL; base++) {
          if (mp_ilogb(&a, base, &lb) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (s_rs(&a,(int)base, &size) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          /* radix_size includes the memory needed for '\0', too*/
          size -= 2;
          if (mp_cmp_d(&lb, (mp_digit)size) != MP_EQ) {
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       /*
         bases 2..64 with "a" a random small constant to
         test the part of mp_ilogb that uses native types.
       */
       if (mp_rand(&a, 1) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       for (base = 2uL; base < 65uL; base++) {
          if (mp_ilogb(&a, base, &lb) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          if (s_rs(&a,(int)base, &size) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
          size -= 2;
          if (mp_cmp_d(&lb, (mp_digit)size) != MP_EQ) {
             goto LBL_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       /*Test upper edgecase with base MP_MASK and number (MP_MASK/2)*MP_MASK^10  */
       mp_set(&a, MP_MASK);
       if (mp_expt_d(&a, 10uL, &a) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_add_d(&a, (MP_MASK>>1), &a) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_ilogb(&a, MP_MASK, &lb) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_cmp_d(&lb, 10uL) != MP_EQ) {
          goto LBL_ERR;
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &lb, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LBL_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &lb, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_incr(void)
    {
       mp_int a, b;
       mp_err e = MP_OKAY;
    
       if ((e = mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
       /* Does it increment inside the limits of a MP_xBIT limb? */
       mp_set(&a, MP_MASK/2);
       if ((e = mp_incr(&a)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_cmp_d(&a, (MP_MASK/2uL) + 1uL) != MP_EQ) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
       /* Does it increment outside of the limits of a MP_xBIT limb? */
       mp_set(&a, MP_MASK);
       mp_set(&b, MP_MASK);
       if ((e = mp_incr(&a)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       if ((e = mp_add_d(&b, 1uL, &b)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_cmp(&a, &b) != MP_EQ) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
       /* Does it increment from -1 to 0? */
       mp_set(&a, 1uL);
       a.sign = MP_NEG;
       if ((e = mp_incr(&a)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_cmp_d(&a, 0uL) != MP_EQ) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
       /* Does it increment from -(MP_MASK + 1) to -MP_MASK? */
       mp_set(&a, MP_MASK);
       if ((e = mp_add_d(&a, 1uL, &a)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       a.sign = MP_NEG;
       if ((e = mp_incr(&a)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       if (a.sign != MP_NEG) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       a.sign = MP_ZPOS;
       if (mp_cmp_d(&a, MP_MASK) != MP_EQ) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LTM_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_mp_decr(void)
    {
       mp_int a, b;
       mp_err e = MP_OKAY;
    
       if ((e = mp_init_multi(&a, &b, NULL)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
       /* Does it decrement inside the limits of a MP_xBIT limb? */
       mp_set(&a, MP_MASK/2);
       if ((e = mp_decr(&a)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_cmp_d(&a, (MP_MASK/2uL) - 1uL) != MP_EQ) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
       /* Does it decrement outside of the limits of a MP_xBIT limb? */
       mp_set(&a, MP_MASK);
       if ((e = mp_add_d(&a, 1uL, &a)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       if ((e = mp_decr(&a)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_cmp_d(&a, MP_MASK) != MP_EQ) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
       /* Does it decrement from 0 to -1? */
       mp_zero(&a);
       if ((e = mp_decr(&a)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       if (a.sign == MP_NEG) {
          a.sign = MP_ZPOS;
          if (mp_cmp_d(&a, 1uL) != MP_EQ) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
       } else {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
    
       /* Does it decrement from -MP_MASK to -(MP_MASK + 1)? */
       mp_set(&a, MP_MASK);
       a.sign = MP_NEG;
       mp_set(&b, MP_MASK);
       b.sign = MP_NEG;
       if ((e = mp_sub_d(&b, 1uL, &b)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       if ((e = mp_decr(&a)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       if (mp_cmp(&a, &b) != MP_EQ) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LTM_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    /*
       Cannot test mp_exp(_d) without mp_n_root and vice versa.
       So one of the two has to be tested from scratch.
    
       Numbers generated by
       for i in {1..10}
       do
         seed=$(head -c 10000 /dev/urandom | tr -dc '[:digit:]' | head -c 120);
         echo $seed;
         convertbase $seed 10  64;
       done
    
       (The program "convertbase" uses libtommath's to/from_radix functions)
    
       Roots were precalculated with Pari/GP
    
       default(realprecision,1000);
       for(n=3,100,r = floor(a^(1/n));printf("\"" r "\", "))
    
       All numbers as strings to simplifiy things, especially for the
       low-mp branch.
    */
    static int test_mp_n_root(void)
    {
       mp_int a, c, r;
       mp_err e;
       int i, j;
    
       const char *input[] = {
          "4n9cbk886QtLQmofprid3l2Q0GD8Yv979Lh8BdZkFE8g2pDUUSMBET/+M/YFyVZ3mBp",
          "5NlgzHhmIX05O5YoW5yW5reAlVNtRAlIcN2dfoATnNdc1Cw5lHZUTwNthmK6/ZLKfY6",
          "3gweiHDX+ji5utraSe46IJX+uuh7iggs63xIpMP5MriU4Np+LpHI5are8RzS9pKh9xP",
          "5QOJUSKMrfe7LkeyJOlupS8h7bjT+TXmZkDzOjZtfj7mdA7cbg0lRX3CuafhjIrpK8S",
          "4HtYFldVkyVbrlg/s7kmaA7j45PvLQm+1bbn6ehgP8tVoBmGbv2yDQI1iQQze4AlHyN",
          "3bwCUx79NAR7c68OPSp5ZabhZ9aBEr7rWNTO2oMY7zhbbbw7p6shSMxqE9K9nrTNucf",
          "4j5RGb78TfuYSzrXn0z6tiAoWiRI81hGY3el9AEa9S+gN4x/AmzotHT2Hvj6lyBpE7q",
          "4lwg30SXqZhEHNsl5LIXdyu7UNt0VTWebP3m7+WUL+hsnFW9xJe7UnzYngZsvWh14IE",
          "1+tcqFeRuGqjRADRoRUJ8gL4UUSFQVrVVoV6JpwVcKsuBq5G0pABn0dLcQQQMViiVRj",
          "hXwxuFySNSFcmbrs/coz4FUAaUYaOEt+l4V5V8vY71KyBvQPxRq/6lsSrG2FHvWDax"
       };
       /* roots 3-100 of the above */
       const char *root[10][100] = {
          {
             "9163694094944489658600517465135586130944",
             "936597377180979771960755204040", "948947857956884030956907",
             "95727185767390496595", "133844854039712620", "967779611885360",
             "20926191452627", "974139547476", "79203891950", "9784027073",
             "1667309744", "365848129", "98268452", "31109156", "11275351",
             "4574515", "2040800", "986985", "511525", "281431", "163096",
             "98914", "62437", "40832", "27556", "19127", "13614", "9913",
             "7367", "5577", "4294", "3357", "2662", "2138", "1738", "1428",
             "1185", "993", "839", "715", "613", "530", "461", "403", "355",
             "314", "279", "249", "224", "202", "182", "166", "151", "138",
             "126", "116", "107", "99", "92", "85", "79", "74", "69", "65", "61",
             "57", "54", "51", "48", "46", "43", "41", "39", "37", "36", "34",
             "32", "31", "30", "28", "27", "26", "25", "24", "23", "23", "22",
             "21", "20", "20", "19", "18", "18", "17", "17", "16", "16", "15"
          }, {
             "9534798256755061606359588498764080011382",
             "964902943621813525741417593772", "971822399862464674540423",
             "97646291566833512831", "136141536090599560", "982294733581430",
             "21204945933335", "985810529393", "80066084985", "9881613813",
             "1682654547", "368973625", "99051783", "31341581", "11354620",
             "4604882", "2053633", "992879", "514434", "282959", "163942",
             "99406", "62736", "41020", "27678", "19208", "13670", "9952",
             "7395", "5598", "4310", "3369", "2671", "2145", "1744", "1433",
             "1189", "996", "842", "717", "615", "531", "462", "404", "356",
             "315", "280", "250", "224", "202", "183", "166", "151", "138",
             "127", "116", "107", "99", "92", "85", "80", "74", "70", "65", "61",
             "58", "54", "51", "48", "46", "43", "41", "39", "37", "36", "34",
             "32", "31", "30", "29", "27", "26", "25", "24", "23", "23", "22",
             "21", "20", "20", "19", "18", "18", "17", "17", "16", "16", "15"
          }, {
             "8398539113202579297642815367509019445624",
             "877309458945432597462853440936", "900579899458998599215071",
             "91643543761699761637", "128935656335800903", "936647990947203",
             "20326748623514", "948988882684", "77342677787", "9573063447",
             "1634096832", "359076114", "96569670", "30604705", "11103188",
             "4508519", "2012897", "974160", "505193", "278105", "161251",
             "97842", "61788", "40423", "27291", "18949", "13492", "9826",
             "7305", "5532", "4260", "3332", "2642", "2123", "1726", "1418",
             "1177", "986", "834", "710", "610", "527", "458", "401", "353",
             "312", "278", "248", "223", "201", "181", "165", "150", "137",
             "126", "116", "107", "99", "91", "85", "79", "74", "69", "65", "61",
             "57", "54", "51", "48", "46", "43", "41", "39", "37", "35", "34",
             "32", "31", "30", "28", "27", "26", "25", "24", "23", "22", "22",
             "21", "20", "20", "19", "18", "18", "17", "17", "16", "16", "15"
          }, {
             "9559098494021810340217797724866627755195",
             "966746709063325235560830083787", "973307706084821682248292",
             "97770642291138756434", "136290128605981259", "983232784778520",
             "21222944848922", "986563584410", "80121684894", "9887903837",
             "1683643206", "369174929", "99102220", "31356542", "11359721",
             "4606836", "2054458", "993259", "514621", "283057", "163997",
             "99437", "62755", "41032", "27686", "19213", "13674", "9955",
             "7397", "5599", "4311", "3370", "2672", "2146", "1744", "1433",
             "1189", "996", "842", "717", "615", "532", "462", "404", "356",
             "315", "280", "250", "224", "202", "183", "166", "151", "138",
             "127", "116", "107", "99", "92", "86", "80", "74", "70", "65", "61",
             "58", "54", "51", "48", "46", "43", "41", "39", "37", "36", "34",
             "32", "31", "30", "29", "27", "26", "25", "24", "23", "23", "22",
             "21", "20", "20", "19", "18", "18", "17", "17", "16", "16", "15"
          }, {
             "8839202025813295923132694443541993309220",
             "911611499784863252820288596270", "928640961450376817534853",
             "94017030509441723821", "131792686685970629", "954783483196511",
             "20676214073400", "963660189823", "78428929840", "9696237956",
             "1653495486", "363032624", "97562430", "30899570", "11203842",
             "4547110", "2029216", "981661", "508897", "280051", "162331",
             "98469", "62168", "40663", "27446", "19053", "13563", "9877",
             "7341", "5558", "4280", "3347", "2654", "2132", "1733", "1424",
             "1182", "990", "837", "713", "612", "529", "460", "402", "354",
             "313", "279", "249", "223", "201", "182", "165", "150", "138",
             "126", "116", "107", "99", "92", "85", "79", "74", "69", "65", "61",
             "57", "54", "51", "48", "46", "43", "41", "39", "37", "36", "34",
             "32", "31", "30", "28", "27", "26", "25", "24", "23", "23", "22",
             "21", "20", "20", "19", "18", "18", "17", "17", "16", "16", "15"
          }, {
             "8338442683973420410660145045849076963795",
             "872596990706967613912664152945", "896707843885562730147307",
             "91315073695274540969", "128539440806486007", "934129001105825",
             "20278149285734", "946946589774", "77191347471", "9555892093",
             "1631391010", "358523975", "96431070", "30563524", "11089126",
             "4503126", "2010616", "973111", "504675", "277833", "161100",
             "97754", "61734", "40390", "27269", "18934", "13482", "9819",
             "7300", "5528", "4257", "3330", "2641", "2122", "1725", "1417",
             "1177", "986", "833", "710", "609", "527", "458", "401", "353",
             "312", "278", "248", "222", "200", "181", "165", "150", "137",
             "126", "116", "107", "99", "91", "85", "79", "74", "69", "65", "61",
             "57", "54", "51", "48", "46", "43", "41", "39", "37", "35", "34",
             "32", "31", "30", "28", "27", "26", "25", "24", "23", "22", "22",
             "21", "20", "20", "19", "18", "18", "17", "17", "16", "16", "15"
          }, {
             "9122818552483814953977703257848970704164",
             "933462289569511464780529972314", "946405863353935713909178",
             "95513446972056321834", "133588658082928446",
             "966158521967027", "20895030642048", "972833934108",
             "79107381638", "9773098125", "1665590516", "365497822",
             "98180628", "31083090", "11266459", "4571108", "2039360",
             "986323", "511198", "281260", "163001", "98858",
             "62404", "40811", "27543", "19117", "13608", "9908",
             "7363", "5575", "4292", "3356", "2661", "2138",
             "1737", "1428", "1185", "993", "839", "714", "613",
             "530", "461", "403", "355", "314", "279", "249",
             "224", "202", "182", "165", "151", "138", "126",
             "116", "107", "99", "92", "85", "79", "74", "69",
             "65", "61", "57", "54", "51", "48", "46", "43",
             "41", "39", "37", "36", "34", "32", "31", "30",
             "28", "27", "26", "25", "24", "23", "23", "22",
             "21", "20", "20", "19", "18", "18", "17", "17",
             "16", "16", "15"
          }, {
             "9151329724083804100369546479681933027521",
             "935649419557299174433860420387", "948179413831316112751907",
             "95662582675170358900", "133767426788182384",
             "967289728859610", "20916775466497", "973745045600",
             "79174731802", "9780725058", "1666790321", "365742295",
             "98241919", "31101281", "11272665", "4573486", "2040365",
             "986785", "511426", "281380", "163067", "98897",
             "62427", "40826", "27552", "19124", "13612", "9911",
             "7366", "5576", "4294", "3357", "2662", "2138",
             "1738", "1428", "1185", "993", "839", "715", "613",
             "530", "461", "403", "355", "314", "279", "249",
             "224", "202", "182", "165", "151", "138", "126",
             "116", "107", "99", "92", "85", "79", "74", "69",
             "65", "61", "57", "54", "51", "48", "46", "43",
             "41", "39", "37", "36", "34", "32", "31", "30",
             "28", "27", "26", "25", "24", "23", "23", "22",
             "21", "20", "20", "19", "18", "18", "17", "17",
             "16", "16", "15"
          }, {
             "6839396355168045468586008471269923213531",
             "752078770083218822016981965090", "796178899357307807726034",
             "82700643015444840424", "118072966296549115",
             "867224751770392", "18981881485802", "892288574037",
             "73130030771", "9093989389", "1558462688", "343617470",
             "92683740", "29448679", "10708016", "4356820", "1948676",
             "944610", "490587", "270425", "156989", "95362",
             "60284", "39477", "26675", "18536", "13208", "9627",
             "7161", "5426", "4181", "3272", "2596", "2087",
             "1697", "1395", "1159", "971", "821", "700", "601",
             "520", "452", "396", "348", "308", "274", "245",
             "220", "198", "179", "163", "148", "136", "124",
             "114", "106", "98", "91", "84", "78", "73", "68",
             "64", "60", "57", "53", "50", "48", "45", "43",
             "41", "39", "37", "35", "34", "32", "31", "29",
             "28", "27", "26", "25", "24", "23", "22", "22",
             "21", "20", "19", "19", "18", "18", "17", "17",
             "16", "16", "15"
          }, {
             "4788090721380022347683138981782307670424",
             "575601315594614059890185238256", "642831903229558719812840",
             "69196031110028430211", "101340693763170691",
             "758683936560287", "16854690815260", "801767985909",
             "66353290503", "8318415180", "1435359033", "318340531",
             "86304307", "27544217", "10054988", "4105446", "1841996",
             "895414", "466223", "257591", "149855", "91205",
             "57758", "37886", "25639", "17842", "12730", "9290",
             "6918", "5248", "4048", "3170", "2518", "2026",
             "1649", "1357", "1128", "946", "800", "682", "586",
             "507", "441", "387", "341", "302", "268", "240",
             "215", "194", "176", "160", "146", "133", "122",
             "112", "104", "96", "89", "83", "77", "72", "67",
             "63", "59", "56", "53", "50", "47", "45", "42",
             "40", "38", "36", "35", "33", "32", "30", "29",
             "28", "27", "26", "25", "24", "23", "22", "21",
             "21", "20", "19", "19", "18", "17", "17", "16",
             "16", "15", "15"
          }
       };
    
       if ((e = mp_init_multi(&a, &c, &r, NULL)) != MP_OKAY) {
          return EXIT_FAILURE;
       }
    #ifdef MP_8BIT
       for (i = 0; i < 1; i++) {
    #else
       for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    #endif
          mp_read_radix(&a, input[i], 64);
    #ifdef MP_8BIT
          for (j = 3; j < 10; j++) {
    #else
          for (j = 3; j < 100; j++) {
    #endif
             mp_n_root(&a, (mp_digit) j, &c);
             mp_read_radix(&r, root[i][j-3], 10);
             if (mp_cmp(&r, &c) != MP_EQ) {
                fprintf(stderr, "mp_n_root failed at input #%d, root #%d\n", i, j);
                goto LTM_ERR;
             }
          }
       }
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &c, &r, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LTM_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &c, &r, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_s_mp_balance_mul(void)
    {
       mp_int a, b, c;
       mp_err e = MP_OKAY;
    
       const char *na =
          "4b0I5uMTujCysw+1OOuOyH2FX2WymrHUqi8BBDb7XpkV/4i7vXTbEYUy/kdIfCKu5jT5JEqYkdmnn3jAYo8XShPzNLxZx9yoLjxYRyptSuOI2B1DspvbIVYXY12sxPZ4/HCJ4Usm2MU5lO/006KnDMxuxiv1rm6YZJZ0eZU";
       const char *nb = "3x9vs0yVi4hIq7poAeVcggC3WoRt0zRLKO";
       const char *nc =
          "HzrSq9WVt1jDTVlwUxSKqxctu2GVD+N8+SVGaPFRqdxyld6IxDBbj27BPJzYUdR96k3sWpkO8XnDBvupGPnehpQe4KlO/KmN1PjFov/UTZYM+LYzkFcBPyV6hkkL8ePC1rlFLAHzgJMBCXVp4mRqtkQrDsZXXlcqlbTFu69wF6zDEysiX2cAtn/kP9ldblJiwYPCD8hG";
    
       if ((e = mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
       if ((e = mp_read_radix(&a, na, 64)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       if ((e = mp_read_radix(&b, nb, 64)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
       if ((e = s_mp_balance_mul(&a, &b, &c)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
       if ((e = mp_read_radix(&b, nc, 64)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
       if (mp_cmp(&b, &c) != MP_EQ) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LTM_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    #define s_mp_mul(a, b, c) s_mp_mul_digs(a, b, c, (a)->used + (b)->used + 1)
    static int test_s_mp_karatsuba_mul(void)
    {
       mp_int a, b, c, d;
       int size, err;
    
       if ((err = mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       for (size = MP_KARATSUBA_MUL_CUTOFF; size < MP_KARATSUBA_MUL_CUTOFF + 20; size++) {
          if ((err = mp_rand(&a, size)) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
          if ((err = mp_rand(&b, size)) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
          if ((err = s_mp_karatsuba_mul(&a, &b, &c)) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
          if ((err = s_mp_mul(&a,&b,&d)) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
          if (mp_cmp(&c, &d) != MP_EQ) {
             fprintf(stderr, "Karatsuba multiplication failed at size %d\n", size);
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LTM_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_s_mp_karatsuba_sqr(void)
    {
       mp_int a, b, c;
       int size, err;
    
       if ((err = mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       for (size = MP_KARATSUBA_SQR_CUTOFF; size < MP_KARATSUBA_SQR_CUTOFF + 20; size++) {
          if ((err = mp_rand(&a, size)) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
          if ((err = s_mp_karatsuba_sqr(&a, &b)) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
          if ((err = s_mp_sqr(&a, &c)) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
          if (mp_cmp(&b, &c) != MP_EQ) {
             fprintf(stderr, "Karatsuba squaring failed at size %d\n", size);
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LTM_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_s_mp_toom_mul(void)
    {
       mp_int a, b, c, d;
       int size, err;
    
       if ((err = mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       for (size = MP_TOOM_MUL_CUTOFF; size < MP_TOOM_MUL_CUTOFF + 20; size++) {
          if ((err = mp_rand(&a, size)) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
          if ((err = mp_rand(&b, size)) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
          if ((err = s_mp_toom_mul(&a, &b, &c)) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
          if ((err = s_mp_mul(&a,&b,&d)) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
          if (mp_cmp(&c, &d) != MP_EQ) {
             fprintf(stderr, "Toom-Cook 3-way multiplication failed at size %d\n", size);
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LTM_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, &d, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    static int test_s_mp_toom_sqr(void)
    {
       mp_int a, b, c;
       int size, err;
    
       if ((err = mp_init_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL)) != MP_OKAY) {
          goto LTM_ERR;
       }
       for (size = MP_TOOM_SQR_CUTOFF; size < MP_TOOM_SQR_CUTOFF + 20; size++) {
          if ((err = mp_rand(&a, size)) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
          if ((err = s_mp_toom_sqr(&a, &b)) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
          if ((err = s_mp_sqr(&a, &c)) != MP_OKAY) {
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
          if (mp_cmp(&b, &c) != MP_EQ) {
             fprintf(stderr, "Toom-Cook 3-way squaring failed at size %d\n", size);
             goto LTM_ERR;
          }
       }
    
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL);
       return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    LTM_ERR:
       mp_clear_multi(&a, &b, &c, NULL);
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    
    int unit_tests(int argc, char **argv)
    {
       static const struct {
          const char *name;
          int (*fn)(void);
       } test[] = {
    #define T(n) { #n, test_##n }
          T(trivial_stuff),
          T(mp_and),
          T(mp_cnt_lsb),
          T(mp_complement),
          T(mp_decr),
          T(mp_div_3),
          T(mp_dr_reduce),
          T(mp_fread_fwrite),
          T(mp_get_int),
          T(mp_get_long),
          T(mp_get_long_long),
          T(mp_ilogb),
          T(mp_incr),
          T(mp_invmod),
          T(mp_is_square),
          T(mp_kronecker),
          T(mp_montgomery_reduce),
          T(mp_n_root),
          T(mp_or),
          T(mp_prime_is_prime),
          T(mp_prime_rand),
          T(mp_rand),
          T(mp_read_radix),
          T(mp_reduce_2k),
          T(mp_reduce_2k_l),
          T(mp_set_double),
          T(mp_signed_rsh),
          T(mp_sqrt),
          T(mp_sqrtmod_prime),
          T(mp_xor),
          T(s_mp_balance_mul),
          T(s_mp_jacobi),
          T(s_mp_karatsuba_mul),
          T(s_mp_karatsuba_sqr),
          T(s_mp_toom_mul),
          T(s_mp_toom_sqr)
    #undef T
       };
       unsigned long i;
       int res = EXIT_SUCCESS, j;
    
       s_mp_rand_jenkins_init((uint64_t)time(NULL));
       mp_rand_source(s_mp_rand_jenkins);
    
       for (i = 0; i < sizeof(test) / sizeof(test[0]); ++i) {
          if (argc > 1) {
             for (j = 1; j < argc; ++j) {
                if (strstr(test[i].name, argv[j]) != NULL) {
                   break;
                }
             }
             if (j == argc) continue;
          }
          printf("TEST %s\n\n", test[i].name);
          if (test[i].fn() != EXIT_SUCCESS) {
             printf("\n\nFAIL %s\n\n", test[i].name);
             res = EXIT_FAILURE;
             break;
          }
          printf("\n\n");
       }
    
       return res;
    }