• README

  • This is a multi-threaded multi-pool FPGA and ASIC miner for bitcoin.
    
    This code is provided entirely free of charge by the programmer in his spare
    time so donations would be greatly appreciated. Please consider donating to the
    address below.
    
    Con Kolivas <kernel@kolivas.org>
    15qSxP1SQcUX3o4nhkfdbgyoWEFMomJ4rZ
    
    DOWNLOADS:
    
    http://ck.kolivas.org/apps/cgminer
    
    GIT TREE:
    
    https://github.com/ckolivas/cgminer
    
    Support thread:
    
    http://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=28402.0
    
    IRC Channel:
    
    irc://irc.freenode.net/cgminer
    
    License: GPLv3.  See COPYING for details.
    
    SEE ALSO API-README, ASIC-README and FGPA-README FOR MORE INFORMATION ON EACH.
    
    ---
    
    EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ON USAGE:
    
    Single pool:
    
    cgminer -o http://pool:port -u username -p password
    
    Multiple pools:
    
    cgminer -o http://pool1:port -u pool1username -p pool1password -o http://pool2:port -u pool2usernmae -p pool2password
    
    Single pool with a standard http proxy:
    
    cgminer -o "http:proxy:port|http://pool:port" -u username -p password
    
    Single pool with a socks5 proxy:
    
    cgminer -o "socks5:proxy:port|http://pool:port" -u username -p password
    
    Single pool with stratum protocol support:
    
    cgminer -o stratum+tcp://pool:port -u username -p password
    
    The list of proxy types are:
     http:    standard http 1.1 proxy
     http0:   http 1.0 proxy
     socks4:  socks4 proxy
     socks5:  socks5 proxy
     socks4a: socks4a proxy
     socks5h: socks5 proxy using a hostname
    
    If you compile cgminer with a version of CURL before 7.19.4 then some of the above will
    not be available. All are available since CURL version 7.19.4
    
    If you specify the --socks-proxy option to cgminer, it will only be applied to all pools
    that don't specify their own proxy setting like above
    
    
    After saving configuration from the menu, you do not need to give cgminer any
    arguments and it will load your configuration.
    
    Any configuration file may also contain a single
    	"include" : "filename"
    to recursively include another configuration file.
    Writing the configuration will save all settings from all files in the output.
    
    
    ---
    BUILDING CGMINER FOR YOURSELF
    
    DEPENDENCIES:
    Mandatory:
    	pkg-config		http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/pkg-config
    	libtool			http://www.gnu.org/software/libtool/
    Optional:
    	curl dev library 	http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/
    	(libcurl4-openssl-dev - Must tell configure --disable-libcurl otherwise
    	it will attempt to compile it in)
    
    	curses dev library
    	(libncurses5-dev or libpdcurses on WIN32 for text user interface)
    
    	libudev dev library (libudev-dev)
    	(This is only required for USB device support and is linux only)
    
    If building from git:
    	autoconf
    	automake
    
    If building on Red Hat:
            sudo yum install autoconf automake autoreconf libtool openssl-compat-bitcoin-devel.x86_64 \
                             curl libcurl libcurl-devel openssh
    
    CGMiner specific configuration options:
      --enable-avalon         Compile support for Avalon (default disabled)
      --enable-bab            Compile support for BlackArrow Bitfury (default
                              disabled)
      --enable-bflsc          Compile support for BFL ASICs (default disabled)
      --enable-bitforce       Compile support for BitForce FPGAs (default
                              disabled)
      --enable-bitfury        Compile support for BitFury ASICs (default disabled)
      --enable-cointerra      Compile support for Cointerra ASICs (default
                              disabled)
      --enable-drillbit       Compile support for Drillbit BitFury ASICs (default
                              disabled)
      --enable-hashfast       Compile support for Hashfast (default disabled)
      --enable-icarus         Compile support for Icarus (default disabled)
      --enable-knc            Compile support for KnC miners (default disabled)
      --enable-bab            Compile support for BlackArrow Bitfury (default disabled)
      --enable-minion         Compile support for BlackArrow Minion ASIC (default disabled)
      --enable-klondike       Compile support for Klondike (default disabled)
      --enable-knc            Compile support for KnC miners (default disabled)
      --enable-minion         Compile support for Minion BlackArrow ASIC (default
                              disabled)
      --enable-modminer       Compile support for ModMiner FPGAs(default disabled)
      --disable-libcurl       Disable building with libcurl for getwork and GBT
                              support
      --without-curses        Compile support for curses TUI (default enabled)
      --with-system-libusb    Compile against dynamic system libusb (default use
                              included static libusb)
    
    Basic *nix build instructions:
    	To actually build:
    
    	./autogen.sh	# only needed if building from git repo
    	CFLAGS="-O2 -Wall -march=native" ./configure <options>
    	make
    
    	No installation is necessary. You may run cgminer from the build
    	directory directly, but you may do make install if you wish to install
    	cgminer to a system location or location you specified.
    
    Native WIN32 build instructions: see windows-build.txt
    
    ---
    
    Usage instructions:  Run "cgminer --help" to see options:
    
    Usage: cgminer [-DdElmpPQqUsTouOchnV]
    
    Options for both config file and command line:
    --anu-freq <arg>    Set AntminerU1 frequency in MHz, range 150-500 (default: 200)
    --api-allow <arg>   Allow API access only to the given list of [G:]IP[/Prefix] addresses[/subnets]
    --api-description <arg> Description placed in the API status header, default: cgminer version
    --api-groups <arg>  API one letter groups G:cmd:cmd[,P:cmd:*...] defining the cmds a groups can use
    --api-listen        Enable API, default: disabled
    --api-mcast         Enable API Multicast listener, default: disabled
    --api-mcast-addr <arg> API Multicast listen address
    --api-mcast-code <arg> Code expected in the API Multicast message, don't use '-'
    --api-mcast-des <arg> Description appended to the API Multicast reply, default: ''
    --api-mcast-port <arg> API Multicast listen port (default: 4028)
    --api-network       Allow API (if enabled) to listen on/for any address, default: only 127.0.0.1
    --api-port <arg>    Port number of miner API (default: 4028)
    --avalon-auto       Adjust avalon overclock frequency dynamically for best hashrate
    --avalon-cutoff <arg> Set avalon overheat cut off temperature (default: 60)
    --avalon-fan <arg>  Set fanspeed percentage for avalon, single value or range (default: 20-100)
    --avalon-freq <arg> Set frequency range for avalon-auto, single value or range
    --avalon-options <arg> Set avalon options baud:miners:asic:timeout:freq:tech
    --avalon-temp <arg> Set avalon target temperature (default: 50)
    --balance           Change multipool strategy from failover to even share balance
    --benchfile <arg>   Run cgminer in benchmark mode using a work file - produces no shares
    --benchfile-display Display each benchfile nonce found
    --benchmark         Run cgminer in benchmark mode - produces no shares
    --bfl-range         Use nonce range on bitforce devices if supported
    --bflsc-overheat <arg> Set overheat temperature where BFLSC devices throttle, 0 to disable (default: 85)
    --bitburner-voltage <arg> Set BitBurner (Avalon) core voltage, in millivolts
    --bitburner-fury-voltage <arg> Set BitBurner Fury core voltage, in millivolts
    --bitburner-fury-options <arg> Override avalon-options for BitBurner Fury boards baud:miners:asic:timeout:freq
    --bxf-temp-target <arg> Set target temperature for BXF devices (default: 82)
    --compact           Use compact display without per device statistics
    --debug|-D          Enable debug output
    --device|-d <arg>   Select device to use, one value, range and/or comma separated (e.g. 0-2,4) default: all
    --disable-rejecting Automatically disable pools that continually reject shares
    --drillbit-options <arg> Set drillbit options <int|ext>:clock[:clock_divider][:voltage]
    --expiry|-E <arg>   Upper bound on how many seconds after getting work we consider a share from it stale (default: 120)
    --failover-only     Don't leak work to backup pools when primary pool is lagging
    --fix-protocol      Do not redirect to a different getwork protocol (eg. stratum)
    --hotplug <arg>     Seconds between hotplug checks (0 means never check)
    --klondike-options <arg> Set klondike options clock:temptarget
    --load-balance      Change multipool strategy from failover to quota based balance
    --log|-l <arg>      Interval in seconds between log output (default: 5)
    --lowmem            Minimise caching of shares for low memory applications
    --monitor|-m <arg>  Use custom pipe cmd for output messages
    --nfu-bits <arg>    Set nanofury bits for overclocking, range 32-63 (default: 50)
    --net-delay         Impose small delays in networking to not overload slow routers
    --no-submit-stale   Don't submit shares if they are detected as stale
    --pass|-p <arg>     Password for bitcoin JSON-RPC server
    --per-device-stats  Force verbose mode and output per-device statistics
    --protocol-dump|-P  Verbose dump of protocol-level activities
    --queue|-Q <arg>    Minimum number of work items to have queued (0+) (default: 1)
    --quiet|-q          Disable logging output, display status and errors
    --quota|-U <arg>    quota;URL combination for server with load-balance strategy quotas
    --real-quiet        Disable all output
    --remove-disabled   Remove disabled devices entirely, as if they didn't exist
    --rotate <arg>      Change multipool strategy from failover to regularly rotate at N minutes (default: 0)
    --round-robin       Change multipool strategy from failover to round robin on failure
    --scan-time|-s <arg> Upper bound on time spent scanning current work, in seconds (default: -1)
    --sched-start <arg> Set a time of day in HH:MM to start mining (a once off without a stop time)
    --sched-stop <arg>  Set a time of day in HH:MM to stop mining (will quit without a start time)
    --sharelog <arg>    Append share log to file
    --shares <arg>      Quit after mining N shares (default: unlimited)
    --socks-proxy <arg> Set socks4 proxy (host:port)
    --syslog            Use system log for output messages (default: standard error)
    --temp-cutoff <arg> Temperature where a device will be automatically disabled, one value or comma separated list (default: 95)
    --text-only|-T      Disable ncurses formatted screen output
    --url|-o <arg>      URL for bitcoin JSON-RPC server
    --usb <arg>         USB device selection
    --user|-u <arg>     Username for bitcoin JSON-RPC server
    --userpass|-O <arg> Username:Password pair for bitcoin JSON-RPC server
    --verbose           Log verbose output to stderr as well as status output
    --worktime          Display extra work time debug information
    Options for command line only:
    --config|-c <arg>   Load a JSON-format configuration file
    See example.conf for an example configuration.
    --default-config <arg> Specify the filename of the default config file
    Loaded at start and used when saving without a name.
    --help|-h           Print this message
    --ndevs|-n          Display all USB devices and exit
    --version|-V        Display version and exit
    
    
    USB device (ASIC and FPGA) options:
    
    --icarus-options <arg> Set specific FPGA board configurations - one set of values for all or comma separated
    --icarus-timing <arg> Set how the Icarus timing is calculated - one setting/value for all or comma separated
    --usb <arg>         USB device selection (See below)
    --usb-dump          (See FPGA-README)
    
    See FGPA-README or ASIC-README for more information regarding these.
    
    
    ASIC only options:
    
    --anu-freq <arg>    Set AntminerU1 frequency in hex, range 150-500 (default: 200)
    --avalon-auto       Adjust avalon overclock frequency dynamically for best hashrate
    --avalon-cutoff <arg> Set avalon overheat cut off temperature (default: 60)
    --avalon-fan <arg> Set fanspeed percentage for avalon, single value or range (default: 20-100)
    --avalon-freq <arg> Set frequency range for avalon-auto, single value or range
    --avalon-options <arg> Set avalon options baud:miners:asic:timeout:freq:tech
    --avalon-temp <arg> Set avalon target temperature (default: 50)
    --bab-options <arg> Set BaB options max:def:min:up:down:hz:delay:trf
    --bflsc-overheat <arg> Set overheat temperature where BFLSC devices throttle, 0 to disable (default: 90)
    --bitburner-fury-options <arg> Override avalon-options for BitBurner Fury boards baud:miners:asic:timeout:freq
    --bitburner-fury-voltage <arg> Set BitBurner Fury core voltage, in millivolts
    --bitburner-voltage <arg> Set BitBurner (Avalon) core voltage, in millivolts
    --bxf-temp-target <arg> Set target temperature for BXF devices (default: 82)
    --hfa-hash-clock <arg> Set hashfast clock speed (default: 550)
    --hfa-fan <arg>     Set fanspeed percentage for hashfast, single value or range (default: 10-85)
    --hfa-temp-overheat <arg> Set the hashfast overheat throttling temperature (default: 95)
    --hfa-temp-target <arg> Set the hashfast target temperature (0 to disable) (default: 88)
    --klondike-options <arg> Set klondike options clock:temptarget
    
    See ASIC-README for more information regarding these.
    
    
    FPGA only options:
    
    --bfl-range         Use nonce range on bitforce devices if supported
    
    See FGPA-README for more information regarding this.
    
    
    Cgminer should automatically find all of your Avalon ASIC, BFL ASIC, BitForce
    FPGAs, Icarus bitstream FPGAs, Klondike ASIC, ASICMINER usb block erupters,
    KnC ASICs, BaB ASICs, Hashfast ASICs, ModMiner FPGAs, BPMC/BGMC BF1 USB ASICs,
    Bi*fury USB ASICs, Nanofury USB ASICs, Antminer U1 USB ASICs and Cointerra
    devices.
    
    ---
    
    SETTING UP USB DEVICES
    
    WINDOWS:
    
    On windows, the direct USB support requires the installation of a WinUSB
    driver (NOT the ftdi_sio driver), and attach it to the chosen USB device.
    When configuring your device, plug it in and wait for windows to attempt to
    install a driver on its own. It may think it has succeeded or failed but wait
    for it to finish regardless. This is NOT the driver you want installed. At this
    point you need to associate your device with the WinUSB driver. The easiest
    way to do this is to use the zadig utility which you must right click on and
    run as administrator. Then once you plug in your device you can choose the
    "list all devices" from the "option" menu and you should be able to see the
    device as something like: "BitFORCE SHA256 SC". Choose the install or replace
    driver option and select WinUSB. You can either google for zadig or download
    it from the cgminer directory in the DOWNLOADS link above.
    
    When you first switch a device over to WinUSB with zadig and it shows that
    correctly on the left of the zadig window, but it still gives permission
    errors, you may need to unplug the USB miner and then plug it back in. Some
    users may need to reboot at this point.
    
    
    LINUX:
    
    On linux, the direct USB support requires no drivers at all. However due to
    permissions issues, you may not be able to mine directly on the devices as a
    regular user without giving the user access to the device or by mining as
    root (administrator). In order to give your regular user access, you can make
    him a member of the plugdev group with the following commands:
    
     sudo usermod -G plugdev -a `whoami`
    
    If your distribution does not have the plugdev group you can create it with:
    
     sudo groupadd plugdev
    
    In order for the USB devices to instantly be owned by the plugdev group and
    accessible by anyone from the plugdev group you can copy the file
    "01-cgminer.rules" from the cgminer archive into the /etc/udev/rules.d
    directory with the following command:
    
     sudo cp 01-cgminer.rules /etc/udev/rules.d/
    
    After this you can either manually restart udev and re-login, or more easily
    just reboot.
    
    
    OSX:
    
    On OSX, like Linux, no drivers need to be installed. However some devices
    like the bitfury USB sticks automatically load a driver thinking they're a
    modem and the driver needs to be unloaded for cgminer to work:
    
    sudo kextunload -b com.apple.driver.AppleUSBCDC
    sudo kextunload -b com.apple.driver.AppleUSBCDCACMData
    
    Some devices need superuser access to mine on them so cgminer may need to
    be started with sudo
    i.e.:
    sudo cgminer <insert commands here>
    
    
    
    ---
    
    Advanced USB options:
    
    The --usb option can restrict how many USB devices are found:
    
      --usb 1:2,1:3,1:4,1:*
    or
      --usb BAS:1,BFL:1,MMQ:0,ICA:0,KLN:0
    or
      --usb :10
    
    You can only use one of the above 3
    
    The first version
      --usb 1:2,1:3,1:4,1:*
    allows you to select which devices to mine on with a list of USB
     bus_number:device_address
    All other USB devices will be ignored
    Hotplug will also only look at the devices matching the list specified and
    find nothing new if they are all in use
    You can specify just the USB bus_number to find all devices like 1:*
    which means any devices on USB bus_number 1
    This is useful if you unplug a device then plug it back in the same port,
    it usually reappears with the same bus_number but a different device_address
    
    You can see the list of all USB devices on linux with 'sudo lsusb'
    Cgminer will list the recognised USB devices with the '-n' option or the
    '--usb-dump 0' option
    The '--usb-dump N' option with a value of N greater than 0 will dump a lot
    of details about each recognised USB device
    If you wish to see all USB devices, include the --usb-list-all option
    
    The second version
      --usb BAS:1,BFL:1,MMQ:0,ICA:0,KLN:0
    allows you to specify how many devices to choose based on each device
    driver cgminer has - the current USB drivers are:
    AVA, BAS, BFL, BF1, DRB, HFA, ICA, KLN and MMQ.
    
    N.B. you can only specify which device driver to limit, not the type of
    each device, e.g. with BAS:n you can limit how many BFL ASIC devices will
    be checked, but you cannot limit the number of each type of BFL ASIC
    
    Also note that the MMQ count is the number of MMQ backplanes you have
    not the number of MMQ FPGAs
    
    The third version
      --usb :10
    means only use a maximum of 10 devices of any supported USB devices
    Once cgminer has 10 devices it will not configure any more and hotplug will
    not scan for any more
    If one of the 10 devices stops working, hotplug - if enabled, as is default
    - will scan normally again until it has 10 devices
    
      --usb :0 will disable all USB I/O other than to initialise libusb
    
    NOTE: The --device option will limit which devices are in use based on their
    numbering order of the total devices, so if you hotplug USB devices regularly,
    it will not reliably be the same devices.
    
    ---
    
    WHILE RUNNING:
    
    The following options are available while running with a single keypress:
    
    [P]ool management [S]ettings [D]isplay options [Q]uit
    
    P gives you:
    
    Current pool management strategy: Failover
    [F]ailover only disabled
    [A]dd pool [R]emove pool [D]isable pool [E]nable pool
    [C]hange management strategy [S]witch pool [I]nformation
    
    
    S gives you:
    
    [Q]ueue: 1
    [S]cantime: 60
    [E]xpiry: 120
    [W]rite config file
    [C]gminer restart
    
    
    D gives you:
    
    [N]ormal [C]lear [S]ilent mode (disable all output)
    [D]ebug:off
    [P]er-device:off
    [Q]uiet:off
    [V]erbose:off
    [R]PC debug:off
    [W]orkTime details:off
    co[M]pact: off
    [L]og interval:5
    
    
    Q quits the application.
    
    
    The running log shows output like this:
    
     [2013-11-09 11:04:41] Accepted 01b3bde7 Diff 150/128 AVA 1 pool 0
     [2013-11-09 11:04:49] Accepted 015df995 Diff 187/128 AVA 1 pool 0
     [2013-11-09 11:04:50] Accepted 01163b68 Diff 236/128 AVA 1 pool 0
     [2013-11-09 11:04:53] Accepted 9f745840 Diff 411/128 BAS 1 pool 0
    
    The 8 byte hex value are the 1st nonzero bytes of the share being submitted to
    the pool. The 2 diff values are the actual difficulty target that share reached
    followed by the difficulty target the pool is currently asking for.
    
    ---
    Also many issues and FAQs are covered in the forum thread
    dedicated to this program,
    	http://forum.bitcoin.org/index.php?topic=28402.0
    
    The output line shows the following:
    (5s):1713.6 (avg):1707.8 Mh/s | A:729  R:8  HW:0  WU:22.53/m
    
    Each column is as follows:
    5s:  A 5 second exponentially decaying average hash rate
    avg: An all time average hash rate
    A:  The total difficulty of Accepted shares
    R:  The total difficulty of Rejected shares
    HW:  The number of HardWare errors
    WU:  The Work Utility defined as the number of diff1 shares work / minute
         (accepted or rejected).
    
     BAS 1:  max 67C 3.27V | 62.29G/62.19Gh/s | A:140813 R:256 HW:2860 WU: 852.0/m
    
    Each column is as follows:
    Temperature (if supported)
    Fanspeed (if supported)
    A 5 second exponentially decaying average hash rate
    An all time average hash rate
    The total difficulty of accepted shares
    The total difficulty of rejected shares
    The number of hardware erorrs
    The work utility defined as the number of diff1 shares work / minute
    
    The cgminer status line shows:
     ST: 1  SS: 0  NB: 1  LW: 8  GF: 1  RF: 1
    
    ST is STaged work items (ready to use).
    SS is Stale Shares discarded (detected and not submitted so don't count as rejects)
    NB is New Blocks detected on the network
    LW is Locally generated Work items
    GF is Getwork Fail Occasions (server slow to provide work)
    RF is Remote Fail occasions (server slow to accept work)
    
    The block display shows:
    Block: 0074c5e482e34a506d2a051a...  Started: [17:17:22]  Best share: 2.71K
    
    This shows a short stretch of the current block, when the new block started,
    and the all time best difficulty share you've found since starting cgminer
    this time.
    
    
    ---
    MULTIPOOL
    
    FAILOVER STRATEGIES WITH MULTIPOOL:
    A number of different strategies for dealing with multipool setups are
    available. Each has their advantages and disadvantages so multiple strategies
    are available by user choice, as per the following list:
    
    FAILOVER:
    The default strategy is failover. This means that if you input a number of
    pools, it will try to use them as a priority list, moving away from the 1st
    to the 2nd, 2nd to 3rd and so on. If any of the earlier pools recover, it will
    move back to the higher priority ones.
    
    ROUND ROBIN:
    This strategy only moves from one pool to the next when the current one falls
    idle and makes no attempt to move otherwise.
    
    ROTATE:
    This strategy moves at user-defined intervals from one active pool to the next,
    skipping pools that are idle.
    
    LOAD BALANCE:
    This strategy sends work to all the pools on a quota basis. By default, all
    pools are allocated equal quotas unless specified with --quota. This
    apportioning of work is based on work handed out, not shares returned so is
    independent of difficulty targets or rejected shares. While a pool is disabled
    or dead, its quota is dropped until it is re-enabled. Quotas are forward
    looking, so if the quota is changed on the fly, it only affects future work.
    If all pools are set to zero quota or all pools with quota are dead, it will
    fall back to a failover mode. See quota below for more information.
    
    The failover-only flag has special meaning in combination with load-balance
    mode and it will distribute quota back to priority pool 0 from any pools that
    are unable to provide work for any reason so as to maintain quota ratios
    between the rest of the pools.
    
    BALANCE:
    This strategy monitors the amount of difficulty 1 shares solved for each pool
    and uses it to try to end up doing the same amount of work for all pools.
    
    
    ---
    QUOTAS
    
    The load-balance multipool strategy works off a quota based scheduler. The
    quotas handed out by default are equal, but the user is allowed to specify any
    arbitrary ratio of quotas. For example, if all the quota values add up to 100,
    each quota value will be a percentage, but if 2 pools are specified and pool0
    is given a quota of 1 and pool1 is given a quota of 9, pool0 will get 10% of
    the work and pool1 will get 90%. Quotas can be changed on the fly by the API,
    and do not act retrospectively. Setting a quota to zero will effectively
    disable that pool unless all other pools are disabled or dead. In that
    scenario, load-balance falls back to regular failover priority-based strategy.
    While a pool is dead, it loses its quota and no attempt is made to catch up
    when it comes back to life.
    
    To specify quotas on the command line, pools should be specified with a
    semicolon separated --quota(or -U) entry instead of --url. Pools specified with
    --url are given a nominal quota value of 1 and entries can be mixed.
    
    For example:
    --url poola:porta -u usernamea -p passa --quota "2;poolb:portb" -u usernameb -p passb
    Will give poola 1/3 of the work and poolb 2/3 of the work.
    
    Writing configuration files with quotas is likewise supported. To use the above
    quotas in a configuration file they would be specified thus:
    
    "pools" : [
            {
                    "url" : "poola:porta",
                    "user" : "usernamea",
                    "pass" : "passa"
            },
            {
                    "quota" : "2;poolb:portb",
                    "user" : "usernameb",
                    "pass" : "passb"
            }
    ]
    
    
    ---
    LOGGING
    
    cgminer will log to stderr if it detects stderr is being redirected to a file.
    To enable logging simply add 2>logfile.txt to your command line and logfile.txt
    will contain the logged output at the log level you specify (normal, verbose,
    debug etc.)
    
    In other words if you would normally use:
    ./cgminer -o xxx -u yyy -p zzz
    if you use
    ./cgminer -o xxx -u yyy -p zzz 2>logfile.txt
    it will log to a file called logfile.txt and otherwise work the same.
    
    There is also the -m option on linux which will spawn a command of your choice
    and pipe the output directly to that command.
    
    The WorkTime details 'debug' option adds details on the end of each line
    displayed for Accepted or Rejected work done. An example would be:
    
     <-00000059.ed4834a3 M:X D:1.0 G:17:02:38:0.405 C:1.855 (2.995) W:3.440 (0.000) S:0.461 R:17:02:47
    
    The first 2 hex codes are the previous block hash, the rest are reported in
    seconds unless stated otherwise:
    The previous hash is followed by the getwork mode used M:X where X is one of
    P:Pool, T:Test Pool, L:LP or B:Benchmark,
    then D:d.ddd is the difficulty required to get a share from the work,
    then G:hh:mm:ss:n.nnn, which is when the getwork or LP was sent to the pool and
    the n.nnn is how long it took to reply,
    followed by 'O' on it's own if it is an original getwork, or 'C:n.nnn' if it was
    a clone with n.nnn stating how long after the work was recieved that it was cloned,
    (m.mmm) is how long from when the original work was received until work started,
    W:n.nnn is how long the work took to process until it was ready to submit,
    (m.mmm) is how long from ready to submit to actually doing the submit, this is
    usually 0.000 unless there was a problem with submitting the work,
    S:n.nnn is how long it took to submit the completed work and await the reply,
    R:hh:mm:ss is the actual time the work submit reply was received
    
    If you start cgminer with the --sharelog option, you can get detailed
    information for each share found. The argument to the option may be "-" for
    standard output (not advisable with the ncurses UI), any valid positive number
    for that file descriptor, or a filename.
    
    To log share data to a file named "share.log", you can use either:
    ./cgminer --sharelog 50 -o xxx -u yyy -p zzz 50>share.log
    ./cgminer --sharelog share.log -o xxx -u yyy -p zzz
    
    For every share found, data will be logged in a CSV (Comma Separated Value)
    format:
        timestamp,disposition,target,pool,dev,thr,sharehash,sharedata
    For example (this is wrapped, but it's all on one line for real):
        1335313090,reject,
        ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff00000000,
        http://localhost:8337,ASC0,0,
        6f983c918f3299b58febf95ec4d0c7094ed634bc13754553ec34fc3800000000,
        00000001a0980aff4ce4a96d53f4b89a2d5f0e765c978640fe24372a000001c5
        000000004a4366808f81d44f26df3d69d7dc4b3473385930462d9ab707b50498
        f681634a4f1f63d01a0cd43fb338000000000080000000000000000000000000
        0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000080020000
    
    ---
    
    BENCHMARK
    
    The --benchmark option hashes a single fixed work item over and over and does
    not submit shares to any pools.
    
    The --benchfile <arg> option hashes the work given in the file <arg> supplied.
    The format of the work file is:
    version,merkleroot,prevhash,diffbits,noncetime
    Any empty line or any line starting with '#' or '/' is ignored.
    When it reaches the end of the file it continues back at the top.
    
    The format of the data items matches the byte ordering and format of the
    the bitcoind getblock RPC output.
    
    An example file containing bitcoin block #1 would be:
    
    # Block 1
    1,0e3e2357e806b6cdb1f70b54c3a3a17b6714ee1f0e68bebb44a74b1efd512098,00000000001
    9d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f,1d00ffff,1231469665
    
    However, the work data should be one line without the linebreak in the middle
    
    If you use --benchfile <arg>, then --benchfile-display will output a log line,
    for each nonce found, showing the nonce value in decimal and hex and the work
    used to find it in hex.
    
    ---
    
    RPC API
    
    For RPC API details see the API-README file
    
    ---
    
    FAQ
    
    Q: Can I mine on servers from different networks (eg xxxcoin and bitcoin) at
    the same time?
    A: No, cgminer keeps a database of the block it's working on to ensure it does
    not work on stale blocks, and having different blocks from two networks would
    make it invalidate the work from each other.
    
    Q: Can I configure cgminer to mine with different login credentials or pools
    for each separate device?
    A: No.
    
    Q: Can I put multiple pools in the config file?
    A: Yes, check the example.conf file. Alternatively, set up everything either on
    the command line or via the menu after startup and choose settings->write
    config file and the file will be loaded one each startup.
    
    Q: The build fails with gcc is unable to build a binary.
    A: Remove the "-march=native" component of your CFLAGS as your version of gcc
    does not support it. Also -O2 is capital o 2, not zero 2.
    
    Q: Can you implement feature X?
    A: I can, but time is limited, and people who donate are more likely to get
    their feature requests implemented.
    
    Q: Work keeps going to my backup pool even though my primary pool hasn't
    failed?
    A: Cgminer checks for conditions where the primary pool is lagging and will
    pass some work to the backup servers under those conditions. The reason for
    doing this is to try its absolute best to keep the devices working on something
    useful and not risk idle periods. You can disable this behaviour with the
    option --failover-only.
    
    Q: Is this a virus?
    A: Cgminer is being packaged with other trojan scripts and some antivirus
    software is falsely accusing cgminer.exe as being the actual virus, rather
    than whatever it is being packaged with. If you installed cgminer yourself,
    then you do not have a virus on your computer. Complain to your antivirus
    software company. They seem to be flagging even source code now from cgminer
    as viruses, even though text source files can't do anything by themself.
    
    Q: Can you modify the display to include more of one thing in the output and
    less of another, or can you change the quiet mode or can you add yet another
    output mode?
    A: Everyone will always have their own view of what's important to monitor.
    The defaults are very sane and I have very little interest in changing this
    any further. There is far more detail in the API output than can be reasonably
    displayed on the small console window, and using an external interface such
    as miner.php is much more useful for setups with many devices.
    
    Q: What are the best parameters to pass for X pool/hardware/device.
    A: Virtually always, the DEFAULT parameters give the best results. Most user
    defined settings lead to worse performance.
    
    Q: What happened to CPU and GPU mining?
    A: Their efficiency makes them irrelevant in the bitcoin mining world today
    and the author has no interest in supporting alternative coins that are better
    mined by these devices.
    
    Q: GUI version?
    A: No. The RPC interface makes it possible for someone else to write one
    though.
    
    Q: I'm having an issue. What debugging information should I provide?
    A: Start cgminer with your regular commands and add -D -T --verbose and provide
    the full startup output and a summary of your hardware and operating system.
    
    Q: Why don't you provide win64 builds?
    A: Win32 builds work everywhere and there is precisely zero advantage to a
    64 bit build on windows.
    
    Q: Is it faster to mine on windows or linux?
    A: It makes no difference in terms of performance. It comes down to choice of
    operating system for their various features and your comfort level. However
    linux is the primary development platform and is virtually guaranteed to be
    more stable.
    
    Q: My network gets slower and slower and then dies for a minute?
    A; Try the --net-delay option if you are on a getwork or GBT server.
    
    Q: How do I tune for p2pool?
    A: It is also recommended to use --failover-only since the work is effectively
    like a different block chain, and not enabling --no-submit-stale. If mining with
    a BFL (fpga) minirig, it is worth adding the --bfl-range option.
    
    Q: I run PHP on windows to access the API with the example miner.php. Why does
    it fail when php is installed properly but I only get errors about Sockets not
    working in the logs?
    A: http://us.php.net/manual/en/sockets.installation.php
    
    Q: What is a PGA?
    A: At the moment, cgminer supports 3 FPGAs: BitForce, Icarus and ModMiner.
    They are Field-Programmable Gate Arrays that have been programmed to do Bitcoin
    mining. Since the acronym needs to be only 3 characters, the "Field-" part has
    been skipped.
    
    Q: What is an ASIC?
    A: They are Application Specify Integrated Circuit devices and provide the
    highest performance per unit power due to being dedicated to only one purpose.
    
    Q: What is stratum and how do I use it?
    A: Stratum is a protocol designed for pooled mining in such a way as to
    minimise the amount of network communications, yet scale to hardware of any
    speed. With versions of cgminer 2.8.0+, if a pool has stratum support, cgminer
    will automatically detect it and switch to the support as advertised if it can.
    If you input the stratum port directly into your configuration, or use the
    special prefix "stratum+tcp://" instead of "http://", cgminer will ONLY try to
    use stratum protocol mining. The advantages of stratum to the miner are no
    delays in getting more work for the miner, less rejects across block changes,
    and far less network communications for the same amount of mining hashrate. If
    you do NOT wish cgminer to automatically switch to stratum protocol even if it
    is detected, add the --fix-protocol option.
    
    Q: Why don't the statistics add up: Accepted, Rejected, Stale, Hardware Errors,
    Diff1 Work, etc. when mining greater than 1 difficulty shares?
    A: As an example, if you look at 'Difficulty Accepted' in the RPC API, the number
    of difficulty shares accepted does not usually exactly equal the amount of work
    done to find them. If you are mining at 8 difficulty, then you would expect on
    average to find one 8 difficulty share, per 8 single difficulty shares found.
    However, the number is actually random and converges over time, it is an average,
    not an exact value, thus you may find more or less than the expected average.
    
    Q: My keyboard input momentarily pauses or repeats keys every so often on
    windows while mining?
    A: The USB implementation on windows can be very flaky on some hardware and
    every time cgminer looks for new hardware to hotplug it it can cause these
    sorts of problems. You can disable hotplug with:
    --hotplug 0
    
    Q: What should my Work Utility (WU) be?
    A: Work utility is the product of hashrate * luck and only stabilises over a
    very long period of time. Assuming all your work is valid work, bitcoin mining
    should produce a work utility of approximately 1 per 71.6MH. This means at
    5GH you should have a WU of 5000 / 71.6 or ~ 69. You cannot make your machine
    do "better WU" than this - it is luck related. However you can make it much
    worse if your machine produces a lot of hardware errors producing invalid work.
    
    
    ---
    
    This code is provided entirely free of charge by the programmer in his spare
    time so donations would be greatly appreciated. Please consider donating to the
    address below.
    
    Con Kolivas <kernel@kolivas.org>
    15qSxP1SQcUX3o4nhkfdbgyoWEFMomJ4rZ