Commit 9937967efd8a1567727f1d716c1a2efb3085006c

Edward Thomson 2021-08-29T21:29:14

Merge branch 'main' into http-use-eauth

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diff --git a/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json b/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc6344b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "postCreateCommand": "bash .devcontainer/setup.sh"
+}
diff --git a/.devcontainer/setup.sh b/.devcontainer/setup.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c328bf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.devcontainer/setup.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+set -e
+
+sudo apt-get update
+sudo apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install cmake
+
+mkdir build
+cd build
+cmake ..
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.editorconfig b/.editorconfig
index 34c5e92..2230fd8 100644
--- a/.editorconfig
+++ b/.editorconfig
@@ -15,3 +15,7 @@ indent_size = 2
 indent_style = space
 indent_size = 4
 trim_trailing_whitespace = false
+
+[*.py]
+indent_style = space
+indent_size = 4
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes
index 176a458..3d90b7d 100644
--- a/.gitattributes
+++ b/.gitattributes
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 * text=auto
+tests/resources/** linguist-vendored
diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38b4a04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+name: "CodeQL"
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '21 3 * * 1'
+
+env:
+  docker-registry: docker.pkg.github.com
+
+jobs:
+  analyze:
+    name: Analyze
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+    - name: Check out repository
+      uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      with:
+        fetch-depth: 0
+
+    # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
+    - name: Initialize CodeQL
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@v1
+      with:
+        languages: 'cpp'
+
+    - name: Build
+      run: |
+        mkdir build
+        cd build
+        cmake .. -DREGEX_BACKEND=pcre -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_BUNDLED_ZLIB=ON
+        cmake --build .        
+
+    - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v1
diff --git a/.github/workflows/main.yml b/.github/workflows/main.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..572f025
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/main.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+# Continuous integration and pull request validation builds for the
+# main and maintenance branches.
+name: CI Build
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ main, maint/* ]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ main, maint/* ]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+env:
+  docker-registry: docker.pkg.github.com
+  docker-config-path: source/ci/docker
+
+jobs:
+  # Build the docker container images that we will use for our Linux
+  # builds.  This will identify the last commit to the repository that
+  # updated the docker images, and try to download the image tagged with
+  # that sha.  If it does not exist, we'll do a docker build and push
+  # the image up to GitHub Packages for the actual CI/CD runs.  We tag
+  # with both the sha and "latest" so that the subsequent runs need not
+  # know the sha.  Only do this on CI builds (when the event is a "push")
+  # because PR builds from forks lack permission to write packages.
+  build_containers:
+    name: Create docker image
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        container:
+        - name: xenial
+        - name: bionic
+        - name: focal
+        - name: docurium
+        - name: bionic-x86
+          dockerfile: bionic
+          base: multiarch/ubuntu-core:x86-bionic
+          qemu: true
+        - name: bionic-arm32
+          dockerfile: bionic
+          base: multiarch/ubuntu-core:armhf-bionic
+          qemu: true
+        - name: bionic-arm64
+          dockerfile: bionic
+          base: multiarch/ubuntu-core:arm64-bionic
+          qemu: true
+        - name: centos7
+        - name: centos8
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - name: Check out repository
+      uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      with:
+        path: source
+        fetch-depth: 0
+      if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+    - name: Setup QEMU
+      run: docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static:register --reset
+      if: matrix.container.qemu == true
+    - name: Download existing container
+      run: |
+        "${{ github.workspace }}/source/ci/getcontainer.sh" "${{ matrix.container.name }}" "${{ matrix.container.dockerfile }}"
+      env:
+        DOCKER_REGISTRY: ${{ env.docker-registry }}
+        GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.github_token }}
+      working-directory: ${{ env.docker-config-path }}
+      if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+    - name: Build and publish image
+      run: |
+        if [ "${{ matrix.container.base }}" != "" ]; then
+          BASE_ARG="--build-arg BASE=${{ matrix.container.base }}"
+        fi
+        docker build -t ${{ env.docker-registry-container-sha }} ${BASE_ARG} -f ${{ env.dockerfile }} .
+        docker tag ${{ env.docker-registry-container-sha }} ${{ env.docker-registry-container-latest }}
+        docker push ${{ env.docker-registry-container-sha }}
+        docker push ${{ env.docker-registry-container-latest }}
+      working-directory: ${{ env.docker-config-path }}
+      if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' && env.docker-container-exists != 'true'
+
+  # Run our CI/CD builds.  We build a matrix with the various build targets
+  # and their details.  Then we build either in a docker container (Linux)
+  # or on the actual hosts (macOS, Windows).
+  build:
+    name: Build
+    needs: [ build_containers ]
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        platform:
+        - # Xenial, GCC, OpenSSL
+          container:
+            name: xenial
+          env:
+            CC: gcc
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DREGEX_BACKEND=builtin -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON -DDEBUG_STRICT_ALLOC=ON -DDEBUG_STRICT_OPEN=ON
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Xenial, GCC, mbedTLS
+          container:
+            name: xenial
+          env:
+            CC: gcc
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=mbedTLS -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Xenial, Clang, OpenSSL
+          container:
+            name: xenial
+          env:
+            CC: clang
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Xenial, Clang, mbedTLS
+          container:
+            name: xenial
+          env:
+            CC: clang
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=mbedTLS -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DREGEX_BACKEND=pcre -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Focal, Clang 10, mbedTLS, MemorySanitizer
+          container:
+            name: focal
+          env:
+            CC: clang-10
+            CFLAGS: -fsanitize=memory -fsanitize-memory-track-origins=2 -fsanitize-blacklist=/home/libgit2/source/script/sanitizers.supp -fno-optimize-sibling-calls -fno-omit-frame-pointer
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr/local/msan -DUSE_HTTPS=mbedTLS -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DREGEX_BACKEND=pcre -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_BUNDLED_ZLIB=ON
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+            ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH: /usr/bin/llvm-symbolizer-10
+            UBSAN_OPTIONS: print_stacktrace=1
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Focal, Clang 10, OpenSSL, UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer
+          container:
+            name: focal
+          env:
+            CC: clang-10
+            CFLAGS: -fsanitize=undefined,nullability -fno-sanitize-recover=undefined,nullability -fsanitize-blacklist=/home/libgit2/source/script/sanitizers.supp -fno-optimize-sibling-calls -fno-omit-frame-pointer
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr/local -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DREGEX_BACKEND=pcre -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_BUNDLED_ZLIB=ON
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+            ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH: /usr/bin/llvm-symbolizer-10
+            UBSAN_OPTIONS: print_stacktrace=1
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Focal, Clang 10, OpenSSL, ThreadSanitizer
+          container:
+            name: focal
+          env:
+            CC: clang-10
+            CFLAGS: -fsanitize=thread -fno-optimize-sibling-calls -fno-omit-frame-pointer
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr/local -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DREGEX_BACKEND=pcre -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_BUNDLED_ZLIB=ON
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+            ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH: /usr/bin/llvm-symbolizer-10
+            UBSAN_OPTIONS: print_stacktrace=1
+            TSAN_OPTIONS: suppressions=/home/libgit2/source/script/thread-sanitizer.supp second_deadlock_stack=1
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # macOS
+          os: macos-10.15
+          env:
+            CC: clang
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DREGEX_BACKEND=regcomp_l -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=leaks -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            PKG_CONFIG_PATH: /usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/pkgconfig
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+          setup-script: osx
+        - # Windows amd64 Visual Studio
+          os: windows-2019
+          env:
+            ARCH: amd64
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 16 2019
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -A x64 -DWIN32_LEAKCHECK=ON -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+        - # Windows x86 Visual Studio
+          os: windows-2019
+          env:
+            ARCH: x86
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 16 2019
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -A Win32 -DWIN32_LEAKCHECK=ON -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DUSE_BUNDLED_ZLIB=ON
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+        - # Windows amd64 mingw
+          os: windows-2019
+          setup-script: mingw
+          env:
+            ARCH: amd64
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: MinGW Makefiles
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
+            BUILD_TEMP: D:\Temp
+            BUILD_PATH: D:\Temp\mingw64\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files (x86)\CMake\bin
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+        - # Windows x86 mingw
+          os: windows-2019
+          setup-script: mingw
+          env:
+            ARCH: x86
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: MinGW Makefiles
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
+            BUILD_TEMP: D:\Temp
+            BUILD_PATH: D:\Temp\mingw32\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files (x86)\CMake\bin
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+      fail-fast: false
+    env: ${{ matrix.platform.env }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform.os }}
+    steps:
+    - name: Check out repository
+      uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      with:
+        path: source
+        fetch-depth: 0
+    - name: Set up build environment
+      run: source/ci/setup-${{ matrix.platform.setup-script }}.sh
+      shell: bash
+      if: matrix.platform.setup-script != ''
+    - name: Setup QEMU
+      run: docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static:register --reset
+      if: matrix.platform.container.qemu == true
+    - name: Download container
+      run: |
+        "${{ github.workspace }}/source/ci/getcontainer.sh" "${{ matrix.platform.container.name }}" "${{ matrix.platform.container.dockerfile }}"
+      env:
+        DOCKER_REGISTRY: ${{ env.docker-registry }}
+        GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.github_token }}
+      working-directory: ${{ env.docker-config-path }}
+      if: matrix.platform.container.name != ''
+    - name: Create container
+      run: docker build -t ${{ env.docker-registry-container-sha }} -f ${{ env.dockerfile }} .
+      working-directory: ${{ env.docker-config-path }}
+      if: matrix.platform.container.name != '' && env.docker-container-exists != 'true'
+    - name: Build and test
+      run: |
+        export GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD="${{ secrets.GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD }}"
+
+        if [ -n "${{ matrix.platform.container.name }}" ]; then
+          docker run \
+              --rm \
+              --user libgit2:libgit2 \
+              -v "$(pwd)/source:/home/libgit2/source" \
+              -w /home/libgit2 \
+              -e ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH \
+              -e CC \
+              -e CFLAGS \
+              -e CMAKE_GENERATOR \
+              -e CMAKE_OPTIONS \
+              -e GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD \
+              -e PKG_CONFIG_PATH \
+              -e SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS \
+              -e SKIP_SSH_TESTS \
+              -e TSAN_OPTIONS \
+              -e UBSAN_OPTIONS \
+              ${{ env.docker-registry-container-sha }} \
+              /bin/bash -c "mkdir build && cd build && ../source/ci/build.sh && ../source/ci/test.sh"
+        else
+          mkdir build && cd build
+          ../source/ci/build.sh
+          ../source/ci/test.sh
+        fi
+      shell: bash
+
+  # Generate documentation using docurium.  We'll upload the documentation
+  # as a build artifact so that it can be reviewed as part of a pull
+  # request or in a forked build.  For CI builds in the main repository's
+  # main branch, we'll push the gh-pages branch back up so that it is
+  # published to our documentation site.
+  documentation:
+    name: Generate documentation
+    needs: [build_containers]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - name: Check out repository
+      uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      with:
+        path: source
+        fetch-depth: 0
+    - name: Generate documentation
+      working-directory: source
+      run: |
+        git config user.name 'Documentation Generation'
+        git config user.email 'libgit2@users.noreply.github.com'
+        git branch gh-pages origin/gh-pages
+        docker login https://${{ env.docker-registry }} -u ${{ github.actor }} -p ${{ github.token }}
+        docker run \
+            --rm \
+            -v "$(pwd):/home/libgit2" \
+            -w /home/libgit2 \
+            ${{ env.docker-registry }}/${{ github.repository }}/docurium:latest \
+            cm doc api.docurium
+        git checkout gh-pages
+        zip --exclude .git/\* --exclude .gitignore --exclude .gitattributes -r api-documentation.zip .
+    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+      name: Upload artifact
+      with:
+        name: api-documentation
+        path: source/api-documentation.zip
+    - name: Push documentation branch
+      working-directory: source
+      run: git push origin gh-pages
+      if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' && github.repository == 'libgit2/libgit2'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/nightly.yml b/.github/workflows/nightly.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47ebf46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/nightly.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+# Nightly build for the main branch across multiple targets.
+name: Nightly Build
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  schedule:
+  - cron: '15 1 * * *'
+
+env:
+  docker-registry: docker.pkg.github.com
+  docker-config-path: source/ci/docker
+
+jobs:
+  # Run our nightly builds.  We build a matrix with the various build
+  # targets and their details.  Then we build either in a docker container
+  # (Linux) or on the actual hosts (macOS, Windows).
+  build:
+    name: Build
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        platform:
+        - # Xenial, GCC, OpenSSL
+          container:
+            name: xenial
+          env:
+            CC: gcc
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DREGEX_BACKEND=builtin -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Xenial, GCC, mbedTLS
+          container:
+            name: xenial
+          env:
+            CC: gcc
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=mbedTLS -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Xenial, Clang, OpenSSL
+          container:
+            name: xenial
+          env:
+            CC: clang
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Xenial, Clang, mbedTLS
+          container:
+            name: xenial
+          env:
+            CC: clang
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=mbedTLS -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DREGEX_BACKEND=pcre -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Xenial, GCC, thread-free
+          container:
+            name: xenial
+          env:
+            CC: gcc
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DTHREADSAFE=OFF -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Xenial, Clang, OpenSSL (dynamically loaded)
+          container:
+            name: xenial
+          env:
+            CC: clang
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL-Dynamic -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Focal, Clang 10, mbedTLS, MemorySanitizer
+          container:
+            name: focal
+          env:
+            CC: clang-10
+            CFLAGS: -fsanitize=memory -fsanitize-memory-track-origins=2 -fsanitize-blacklist=/home/libgit2/source/script/sanitizers.supp -fno-optimize-sibling-calls -fno-omit-frame-pointer
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr/local/msan -DUSE_HTTPS=mbedTLS -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DREGEX_BACKEND=pcre -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_BUNDLED_ZLIB=ON
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+            ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH: /usr/bin/llvm-symbolizer-10
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Focal, Clang 10, OpenSSL, UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer
+          container:
+            name: focal
+          env:
+            CC: clang-10
+            CFLAGS: -fsanitize=undefined,nullability -fno-sanitize-recover=undefined,nullability -fsanitize-blacklist=/home/libgit2/source/script/sanitizers.supp -fno-optimize-sibling-calls -fno-omit-frame-pointer
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr/local -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DREGEX_BACKEND=pcre -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_BUNDLED_ZLIB=ON
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+            ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH: /usr/bin/llvm-symbolizer-10
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Focal, Clang 10, OpenSSL, ThreadSanitizer
+          container:
+            name: focal
+          env:
+            CC: clang-10
+            CFLAGS: -fsanitize=thread -fno-optimize-sibling-calls -fno-omit-frame-pointer
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr/local -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DREGEX_BACKEND=pcre -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_BUNDLED_ZLIB=ON
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+            ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH: /usr/bin/llvm-symbolizer-10
+            TSAN_OPTIONS: suppressions=/home/libgit2/source/script/thread-sanitizer.supp second_deadlock_stack=1
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Focal, Clang 10, mmap emulation (NO_MMAP)
+          container:
+            name: focal
+          env:
+            CC: clang-10
+            CFLAGS: -DNO_MMAP
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr/local
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # CentOS 7
+          container:
+            name: centos7
+          env:
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            PKG_CONFIG_PATH: /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # CentOS 7, OpenSSL (dynamically loaded)
+          container:
+            name: centos7
+          env:
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL-Dynamic -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            PKG_CONFIG_PATH: /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # CentOS 8
+          container:
+            name: centos8
+          env:
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            PKG_CONFIG_PATH: /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # CentOS 8, OpenSSL (dynamically loaded)
+          container:
+            name: centos8
+          env:
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL-Dynamic -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            PKG_CONFIG_PATH: /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # macOS
+          os: macos-10.15
+          env:
+            CC: clang
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DREGEX_BACKEND=regcomp_l -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=leaks -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            PKG_CONFIG_PATH: /usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/pkgconfig
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+          setup-script: osx
+        - # Windows amd64 Visual Studio
+          os: windows-2019
+          env:
+            ARCH: amd64
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 16 2019
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -A x64 -DWIN32_LEAKCHECK=ON -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+        - # Windows amd64 Visual Studio (NO_MMAP)
+          os: windows-2019
+          env:
+            ARCH: amd64
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 16 2019
+            CFLAGS: -DNO_MMAP
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -A x64 -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+        - # Windows x86 Visual Studio
+          os: windows-2019
+          env:
+            ARCH: x86
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 16 2019
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -A Win32 -DWIN32_LEAKCHECK=ON -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DUSE_BUNDLED_ZLIB=ON
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+        - # Windows amd64 mingw
+          os: windows-2019
+          setup-script: mingw
+          env:
+            ARCH: amd64
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: MinGW Makefiles
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
+            BUILD_TEMP: D:\Temp
+            BUILD_PATH: D:\Temp\mingw64\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files (x86)\CMake\bin
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+        - # Windows x86 mingw
+          os: windows-2019
+          setup-script: mingw
+          env:
+            ARCH: x86
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: MinGW Makefiles
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
+            BUILD_TEMP: D:\Temp
+            BUILD_PATH: D:\Temp\mingw32\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files (x86)\CMake\bin
+            SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
+        - # Bionic, GCC, OpenSSL (dynamically loaded)
+          container:
+            name: bionic
+            dockerfile: bionic
+          env:
+            CC: gcc
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL-Dynamic -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS: true
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Bionic, x86, Clang, OpenSSL
+          container:
+            name: bionic-x86
+            dockerfile: bionic
+            qemu: true
+          env:
+            CC: clang
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS: true
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Bionic, x86, GCC, OpenSSL
+          container:
+            name: bionic-x86
+            dockerfile: bionic
+          env:
+            CC: gcc
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS: true
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Bionic, arm32, GCC, OpenSSL
+          container:
+            name: bionic-arm32
+            dockerfile: bionic
+            qemu: true
+          env:
+            CC: gcc
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_PROXY_TESTS: true
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+        - # Bionic, arm64, GCC, OpenSSL
+          container:
+            name: bionic-arm64
+            dockerfile: bionic
+            qemu: true
+          env:
+            CC: gcc
+            CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+            CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
+            RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS: true
+            SKIP_PROXY_TESTS: true
+          os: ubuntu-latest
+      fail-fast: false
+    env: ${{ matrix.platform.env }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform.os }}
+    steps:
+    - name: Check out repository
+      uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      with:
+        path: source
+        fetch-depth: 0
+    - name: Set up build environment
+      run: source/ci/setup-${{ matrix.platform.setup-script }}.sh
+      shell: bash
+      if: matrix.platform.setup-script != ''
+    - name: Setup QEMU
+      run: docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static:register --reset
+      if: matrix.platform.container.qemu == true
+    - name: Download container
+      run: |
+        "${{ github.workspace }}/source/ci/getcontainer.sh" "${{ matrix.platform.container.name }}" "${{ matrix.platform.container.dockerfile }}"
+      env:
+        DOCKER_REGISTRY: ${{ env.docker-registry }}
+        GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.github_token }}
+      working-directory: ${{ env.docker-config-path }}
+      if: matrix.platform.container.name != ''
+    - name: Create container
+      run: docker build -t ${{ env.docker-registry-container-sha }} -f ${{ env.dockerfile }} .
+      working-directory: ${{ env.docker-config-path }}
+      if: matrix.platform.container.name != '' && env.docker-container-exists != 'true'
+    - name: Build and test
+      run: |
+        export GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD="${{ secrets.GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD }}"
+
+        if [ -n "${{ matrix.platform.container.name }}" ]; then
+          docker run \
+              --rm \
+              --user libgit2:libgit2 \
+              -v "$(pwd)/source:/home/libgit2/source" \
+              -w /home/libgit2 \
+              -e ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH \
+              -e CC \
+              -e CFLAGS \
+              -e CMAKE_GENERATOR \
+              -e CMAKE_OPTIONS \
+              -e GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD \
+              -e PKG_CONFIG_PATH \
+              -e SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS \
+              -e SKIP_SSH_TESTS \
+              -e TSAN_OPTIONS \
+              ${{ env.docker-registry-container-sha }} \
+              /bin/bash -c "mkdir build && cd build && ../source/ci/build.sh && ../source/ci/test.sh"
+        else
+          mkdir build && cd build
+          ../source/ci/build.sh
+          ../source/ci/test.sh
+        fi
+      shell: bash
+
+  coverity:
+    name: Coverity
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - name: Check out repository
+      uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      with:
+        path: source
+        fetch-depth: 0
+    - name: Download container
+      run: |
+        "${{ github.workspace }}/source/ci/getcontainer.sh" xenial
+      env:
+        DOCKER_REGISTRY: ${{ env.docker-registry }}
+        GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.github_token }}
+      working-directory: ${{ env.docker-config-path }}
+    - name: Run Coverity
+      run: source/ci/coverity.sh
+      env:
+        COVERITY_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.coverity_token }}
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index dec3dca..1b482f0 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,37 +1,8 @@
-/tests/clar.suite
-/tests/clar.suite.rule
-/tests/.clarcache
-/apidocs
-/trash-*.exe
-/libgit2.pc
-/config.mak
-*.o
-*.a
-*.exe
-*.gcda
-*.gcno
-*.gcov
-.lock-wafbuild
-.waf*
-build/
-build-amiga/
-tests/tmp/
-msvc/Debug/
-msvc/Release/
-*.sln
-*.suo
-*.vc*proj*
-*.sdf
-*.opensdf
-*.aps
-*.cmake
-!cmake/Modules/*.cmake
+/build/
 .DS_Store
 *~
 .*.swp
-tags
-mkmf.log
-*.profdata
-*.profraw
+/tags
 CMakeSettings.json
 .vs
+.idea
diff --git a/.vscode/launch.json b/.vscode/launch.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d47d93a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.vscode/launch.json
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+{
+    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
+    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
+    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
+    "version": "0.2.0",
+    "configurations": [
+        {
+            "name": "(gdb) Launch",
+            "type": "cppdbg",
+            "request": "launch",
+            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build/libgit2_clar",
+            "args": [],
+            "stopAtEntry": false,
+            "cwd": "${fileDirname}",
+            "environment": [],
+            "externalConsole": false,
+            "MIMode": "gdb",
+            "setupCommands": [
+                {
+                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
+                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
+                    "ignoreFailures": true
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+    ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.vscode/tasks.json b/.vscode/tasks.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64142d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.vscode/tasks.json
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+{
+    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
+    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
+    "version": "2.0.0",
+    "tasks": [
+      {
+        "label": "Build",
+        "type": "shell",
+        "command": "cd build && cmake --build . --parallel",
+        "group": "build",
+        "presentation": {
+          "reveal": "always",
+          "panel": "new"
+        }
+      },
+      {
+        "label": "Run Tests",
+        "type": "shell",
+        "command": "build/libgit2_clar -v",
+        "group": "test",
+        "presentation": {
+          "reveal": "always",
+          "panel": "new"
+        }
+      }
+    ]
+  }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 8765a97..fd046eb 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -11,21 +11,12 @@
 # Install:
 # > cmake --build . --target install
 
-PROJECT(libgit2 C)
 CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 3.5.1)
-CMAKE_POLICY(SET CMP0015 NEW)
-IF(POLICY CMP0051)
-	CMAKE_POLICY(SET CMP0051 NEW)
-ENDIF()
-IF(POLICY CMP0042)
-	CMAKE_POLICY(SET CMP0042 NEW)
-ENDIF()
-IF(POLICY CMP0054)
-	CMAKE_POLICY(SET CMP0054 NEW)
-ENDIF()
+
+project(libgit2 VERSION "1.1.0" LANGUAGES C)
 
 # Add find modules to the path
-SET(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH} "${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/Modules/")
+set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH} "${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/")
 
 INCLUDE(CheckLibraryExists)
 INCLUDE(CheckFunctionExists)
@@ -36,6 +27,8 @@ INCLUDE(AddCFlagIfSupported)
 INCLUDE(FindPkgLibraries)
 INCLUDE(FindThreads)
 INCLUDE(FindStatNsec)
+INCLUDE(Findfutimens)
+INCLUDE(GNUInstallDirs)
 INCLUDE(IdeSplitSources)
 INCLUDE(FeatureSummary)
 INCLUDE(EnableWarnings)
@@ -48,8 +41,6 @@ OPTION(THREADSAFE			"Build libgit2 as threadsafe"				 ON)
 OPTION(BUILD_CLAR			"Build Tests using the Clar suite"			 ON)
 OPTION(BUILD_EXAMPLES			"Build library usage example apps"			OFF)
 OPTION(BUILD_FUZZERS			"Build the fuzz targets"				OFF)
-OPTION(TAGS				"Generate tags"						OFF)
-OPTION(PROFILE				"Generate profiling information"			OFF)
 OPTION(ENABLE_TRACE			"Enables tracing support"				ON)
 OPTION(LIBGIT2_FILENAME			"Name of the produced binary"				OFF)
 OPTION(USE_SSH				"Link with libssh2 to enable SSH support"		 ON)
@@ -58,10 +49,11 @@ OPTION(USE_SHA1				"Enable SHA1. Can be set to CollisionDetection(ON)/HTTPS/Gene
 OPTION(USE_GSSAPI			"Link with libgssapi for SPNEGO auth"			OFF)
 OPTION(USE_STANDALONE_FUZZERS		"Enable standalone fuzzers (compatible with gcc)"	OFF)
 OPTION(USE_LEAK_CHECKER			"Run tests with leak checker"				OFF)
-OPTION(VALGRIND				"Configure build for valgrind"				OFF)
 OPTION(DEBUG_POOL			"Enable debug pool allocator"				OFF)
+OPTION(DEBUG_STRICT_ALLOC		"Enable strict allocator behavior"			OFF)
+OPTION(DEBUG_STRICT_OPEN		"Enable path validation in open"			OFF)
 OPTION(ENABLE_WERROR			"Enable compilation with -Werror"			OFF)
-OPTION(USE_BUNDLED_ZLIB    		"Use the bundled version of zlib"			OFF)
+OPTION(USE_BUNDLED_ZLIB    		"Use the bundled version of zlib. Can be set to one of Bundled(ON)/Chromium. The Chromium option requires a x86_64 processor with SSE4.2 and CLMUL"			OFF)
    SET(USE_HTTP_PARSER			"" CACHE STRING "Specifies the HTTP Parser implementation; either system or builtin.")
 OPTION(DEPRECATE_HARD			"Do not include deprecated functions in the library"	OFF)
    SET(REGEX_BACKEND			"" CACHE STRING "Regular expression implementation. One of regcomp_l, pcre2, pcre, regcomp, or builtin.")
@@ -100,20 +92,10 @@ IF(WIN32)
 ENDIF()
 
 IF(MSVC)
-	# Enable MSVC CRTDBG memory leak reporting when in debug mode.
-	OPTION(MSVC_CRTDBG 		"Enable CRTDBG memory leak reporting"			OFF)
+	# Enable leak checking using the debugging C runtime.
+	OPTION(WIN32_LEAKCHECK		"Enable leak reporting via crtdbg"			OFF)
 ENDIF()
 
-FILE(STRINGS "${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/include/git2/version.h" GIT2_HEADER REGEX "^#define LIBGIT2_VERSION \"[^\"]*\"$")
-
-STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^.*LIBGIT2_VERSION \"([0-9]+).*$" "\\1" LIBGIT2_VERSION_MAJOR "${GIT2_HEADER}")
-STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^.*LIBGIT2_VERSION \"[0-9]+\\.([0-9]+).*$" "\\1" LIBGIT2_VERSION_MINOR  "${GIT2_HEADER}")
-STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^.*LIBGIT2_VERSION \"[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+\\.([0-9]+).*$" "\\1" LIBGIT2_VERSION_REV "${GIT2_HEADER}")
-SET(LIBGIT2_VERSION_STRING "${LIBGIT2_VERSION_MAJOR}.${LIBGIT2_VERSION_MINOR}.${LIBGIT2_VERSION_REV}")
-
-FILE(STRINGS "${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/include/git2/version.h" GIT2_HEADER_SOVERSION REGEX "^#define LIBGIT2_SOVERSION [0-9]+$")
-STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^.*LIBGIT2_SOVERSION ([0-9]+)$" "\\1" LIBGIT2_SOVERSION "${GIT2_HEADER_SOVERSION}")
-
 IF (DEPRECATE_HARD)
 	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DGIT_DEPRECATE_HARD)
 ENDIF()
@@ -137,6 +119,11 @@ IF (MSVC)
 	# /Gd - explicitly set cdecl calling convention
 	SET(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} /Gd")
 
+	IF (NOT (MSVC_VERSION LESS 1900))
+		# /guard:cf - Enable Control Flow Guard
+		SET(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} /guard:cf")
+	ENDIF()
+
 	IF (STATIC_CRT)
 		SET(CRT_FLAG_DEBUG "/MTd")
 		SET(CRT_FLAG_RELEASE "/MT")
@@ -145,8 +132,8 @@ IF (MSVC)
 		SET(CRT_FLAG_RELEASE "/MD")
 	ENDIF()
 
-	IF (MSVC_CRTDBG)
-		SET(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG 1)
+	IF (WIN32_LEAKCHECK)
+		SET(GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK 1)
 		SET(CRT_FLAG_DEBUG "${CRT_FLAG_DEBUG}")
 		SET(CMAKE_C_STANDARD_LIBRARIES "${CMAKE_C_STANDARD_LIBRARIES} Dbghelp.lib")
 	ENDIF()
@@ -181,7 +168,12 @@ IF (MSVC)
 	# /NXCOMPAT - Data execution prevention (DEP)
 	# /LARGEADDRESSAWARE - >2GB user address space on x86
 	# /VERSION - Embed version information in PE header
-	SET(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "/DYNAMICBASE /NXCOMPAT /LARGEADDRESSAWARE /VERSION:${LIBGIT2_VERSION_MAJOR}.${LIBGIT2_VERSION_MINOR}")
+	SET(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "/DYNAMICBASE /NXCOMPAT /LARGEADDRESSAWARE /VERSION:${libgit2_VERSION_MAJOR}.${libgit2_VERSION_MINOR}")
+
+	IF (NOT (MSVC_VERSION LESS 1900))
+		# /GUARD:CF - Enable Control Flow Guard
+		SET(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} /GUARD:CF")
+	ENDIF()
 
 	# /DEBUG - Create a PDB
 	# /LTCG - Link time code generation (whole program optimization)
@@ -232,35 +224,29 @@ ELSE ()
 		ADD_DEFINITIONS(-D__USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO=1)
 	ENDIF ()
 
-	ENABLE_WARNINGS(documentation)
-	DISABLE_WARNINGS(missing-field-initializers)
-	ENABLE_WARNINGS(strict-aliasing)
-	ENABLE_WARNINGS(strict-prototypes)
-	ENABLE_WARNINGS(declaration-after-statement)
-	ENABLE_WARNINGS(shift-count-overflow)
-	ENABLE_WARNINGS(unused-const-variable)
-	ENABLE_WARNINGS(unused-function)
-	ENABLE_WARNINGS(int-conversion)
+	enable_warnings(documentation)
+	disable_warnings(documentation-deprecated-sync)
+	disable_warnings(missing-field-initializers)
+	enable_warnings(strict-aliasing)
+	enable_warnings(strict-prototypes)
+	enable_warnings(declaration-after-statement)
+	enable_warnings(shift-count-overflow)
+	enable_warnings(unused-const-variable)
+	enable_warnings(unused-function)
+	enable_warnings(int-conversion)
+	enable_warnings(c11-extensions)
+	enable_warnings(c99-c11-compat)
 
 	# MinGW uses gcc, which expects POSIX formatting for printf, but
 	# uses the Windows C library, which uses its own format specifiers.
 	# Disable format specifier warnings.
-	IF(MINGW)
-		DISABLE_WARNINGS(format)
-		DISABLE_WARNINGS(format-security)
-	ELSE()
-		ENABLE_WARNINGS(format)
-		ENABLE_WARNINGS(format-security)
-	ENDIF()
-
-	IF("${CMAKE_C_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang")
-		DISABLE_WARNINGS(documentation-deprecated-sync)
-	ENDIF()
-
-	IF (PROFILE)
-		SET(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "-pg ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS}")
-		SET(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "-pg ${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS}")
-	ENDIF ()
+	if(MINGW)
+		disable_warnings(format)
+		disable_warnings(format-security)
+	else()
+		enable_warnings(format)
+		enable_warnings(format-security)
+	endif()
 ENDIF()
 
 # Ensure that MinGW provides the correct header files.
@@ -300,25 +286,6 @@ IF (BUILD_CLAR)
 	ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(tests)
 ENDIF ()
 
-IF (TAGS)
-	FIND_PROGRAM(CTAGS ctags)
-	IF (NOT CTAGS)
-		MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Could not find ctags command")
-	ENDIF ()
-
-	FILE(GLOB_RECURSE SRC_ALL *.[ch])
-
-	ADD_CUSTOM_COMMAND(
-		OUTPUT tags
-		COMMAND ${CTAGS} -a ${SRC_ALL}
-		DEPENDS ${SRC_ALL}
-	)
-	ADD_CUSTOM_TARGET(
-		do_tags ALL
-		DEPENDS tags
-	)
-ENDIF ()
-
 IF (BUILD_EXAMPLES)
 	ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(examples)
 ENDIF ()
diff --git a/COPYING b/COPYING
index c0f61fb..6bb39b0 100644
--- a/COPYING
+++ b/COPYING
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- 
+
 The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
@@ -1019,3 +1019,111 @@ following restrictions are are met:
 THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
 WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Portions of the OpenSSL headers are included under the OpenSSL license:
+
+Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)
+All rights reserved.
+
+This package is an SSL implementation written
+by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com).
+The implementation was written so as to conform with Netscapes SSL.
+
+This library is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as
+the following conditions are aheared to.  The following conditions
+apply to all code found in this distribution, be it the RC4, RSA,
+lhash, DES, etc., code; not just the SSL code.  The SSL documentation
+included with this distribution is covered by the same copyright terms
+except that the holder is Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
+
+Copyright remains Eric Young's, and as such any Copyright notices in
+the code are not to be removed.
+If this package is used in a product, Eric Young should be given attribution
+as the author of the parts of the library used.
+This can be in the form of a textual message at program startup or
+in documentation (online or textual) provided with the package.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+are met:
+1. Redistributions of source code must retain the copyright
+   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+   must display the following acknowledgement:
+   "This product includes cryptographic software written by
+    Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)"
+   The word 'cryptographic' can be left out if the rouines from the library
+   being used are not cryptographic related :-).
+4. If you include any Windows specific code (or a derivative thereof) from
+   the apps directory (application code) you must include an acknowledgement:
+   "This product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com)"
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ERIC YOUNG ``AS IS'' AND
+ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+The licence and distribution terms for any publically available version or
+derivative of this code cannot be changed.  i.e. this code cannot simply be
+copied and put under another distribution licence
+[including the GNU Public Licence.]
+
+====================================================================
+Copyright (c) 1998-2007 The OpenSSL Project.  All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+are met:
+
+1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+   the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+   distribution.
+
+3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
+   software must display the following acknowledgment:
+   "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
+   for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/)"
+
+4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to
+   endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+   prior written permission. For written permission, please contact
+   openssl-core@openssl.org.
+
+5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL"
+   nor may "OpenSSL" appear in their names without prior written
+   permission of the OpenSSL Project.
+
+6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
+   acknowledgment:
+   "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
+   for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.openssl.org/)"
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
+EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR
+ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
+STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 9dafffe..c5ef022 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -3,11 +3,10 @@ libgit2 - the Git linkable library
 
 | Build Status | |
 | ------------ | - |
-| **master** branch CI builds | [![Azure Pipelines Build Status](https://dev.azure.com/libgit2/libgit2/_apis/build/status/libgit2?branchName=master)](https://dev.azure.com/libgit2/libgit2/_build/latest?definitionId=7&branchName=master)   |
-| **v0.28 branch** CI builds | [![Azure Pipelines Build Status](https://dev.azure.com/libgit2/libgit2/_apis/build/status/libgit2?branchName=maint/v0.28)](https://dev.azure.com/libgit2/libgit2/_build/latest?definitionId=7&branchName=maint/v0.28) |
-| **v0.27 branch** CI builds | [![Azure Pipelines Build Status](https://dev.azure.com/libgit2/libgit2/_apis/build/status/libgit2?branchName=maint/v0.27)](https://dev.azure.com/libgit2/libgit2/_build/latest?definitionId=7&branchName=maint/v0.27) |
-| **v0.26 branch** CI builds | [![Azure Pipelines Build Status](https://dev.azure.com/libgit2/libgit2/_apis/build/status/libgit2?branchName=maint/v0.26)](https://dev.azure.com/libgit2/libgit2/_build/latest?definitionId=7&branchName=maint/v0.26) |
-| **Nightly** builds | [![Azure Pipelines Build Status](https://libgit2.visualstudio.com/libgit2/_apis/build/status/nightly?branchName=master&label=Full+Build)](https://libgit2.visualstudio.com/libgit2/_build/latest?definitionId=9&branchName=master) [![Coverity Build Status](https://dev.azure.com/libgit2/libgit2/_apis/build/status/coverity?branchName=master&label=Coverity+Build)](https://dev.azure.com/libgit2/libgit2/_build/latest?definitionId=21?branchName=master) [![Coverity Scan Build Status](https://scan.coverity.com/projects/639/badge.svg)](https://scan.coverity.com/projects/639) |
+| **main** branch CI builds | [![CI Build](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/workflows/CI%20Build/badge.svg?event=push)](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/actions?query=workflow%3A%22CI+Build%22+event%3Apush) |
+| **v1.1 branch** CI builds | [![CI Build](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/workflows/CI%20Build/badge.svg?branch=maint%2Fv1.1&event=push)](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/actions?query=workflow%3A%22CI+Build%22+event%3Apush+branch%3Amaint%2Fv1.1) |
+| **v1.0 branch** CI builds | [![Azure Pipelines Build Status](https://dev.azure.com/libgit2/libgit2/_apis/build/status/libgit2?branchName=maint/v1.0)](https://dev.azure.com/libgit2/libgit2/_build/latest?definitionId=7&branchName=maint/v1.0) |
+| **Nightly** builds | [![Nightly Build](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/workflows/Nightly%20Build/badge.svg)](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/actions?query=workflow%3A%22Nightly+Build%22) [![Coverity Scan Status](https://scan.coverity.com/projects/639/badge.svg)](https://scan.coverity.com/projects/639) |
 
 `libgit2` is a portable, pure C implementation of the Git core methods
 provided as a linkable library with a solid API, allowing to build Git
@@ -34,6 +33,7 @@ Additionally, the example code has been released to the public domain (see the
 Table of Contents
 =================
 
+* [Using libgit2](#using-libgit2)
 * [Quick Start](#quick-start)
 * [Getting Help](#getting-help)
 * [What It Can Do](#what-it-can-do)
@@ -48,10 +48,33 @@ Table of Contents
     * [Compiler and linker options](#compiler-and-linker-options)
     * [MacOS X](#macos-x)
     * [Android](#android)
+    * [MinGW](#mingw)
 * [Language Bindings](#language-bindings)
 * [How Can I Contribute?](#how-can-i-contribute)
 * [License](#license)
 
+Using libgit2
+=============
+
+Most of these instructions assume that you're writing an application
+in C and want to use libgit2 directly.  If you're _not_ using C,
+and you're writing in a different language or platform like .NET,
+Node.js, or Ruby, then there is probably a
+"[language binding](#language-bindings)" that you can use to take care
+of the messy tasks of calling into native code.
+
+But if you _do_ want to use libgit2 directly - because you're building
+an application in C - then you may be able use an existing binary.
+There are packages for the
+[vcpkg](https://github.com/Microsoft/vcpkg) and
+[conan](https://conan.io/center/libgit2)
+package managers.  And libgit2 is available in 
+[Homebrew](https://formulae.brew.sh/formula/libgit2) and most Linux
+distributions.
+
+However, these versions _may_ be outdated and we recommend using the
+latest version if possible.  Thankfully libgit2 is not hard to compile.
+
 Quick Start
 ===========
 
@@ -81,7 +104,8 @@ Getting Help
 
 **Chat with us**
 
-- via IRC: join [#libgit2](https://webchat.freenode.net/#libgit2) on Freenode
+- via IRC: join [#libgit2](https://web.libera.chat/#libgit2) on
+  [libera](https://libera.chat).
 - via Slack: visit [slack.libgit2.org](http://slack.libgit2.org/) to sign up,
   then join us in `#libgit2`
 
@@ -201,6 +225,8 @@ On most systems you can build the library using the following commands
 
 Alternatively you can point the CMake GUI tool to the CMakeLists.txt file and generate platform specific build project or IDE workspace.
 
+If you're not familiar with CMake, [a more detailed explanation](https://preshing.com/20170511/how-to-build-a-cmake-based-project/) may be helpful.
+
 Running Tests
 -------------
 
@@ -219,7 +245,7 @@ run the index tests:
     $ ./libgit2_clar -sindex
 
 To run a single test named `index::racy::diff`, which corresponds to the test
-function [`test_index_racy__diff`](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/blob/master/tests/index/racy.c#L23):
+function [`test_index_racy__diff`](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/blob/main/tests/index/racy.c#L23):
 
     $ ./libgit2_clar -sindex::racy::diff
 
@@ -229,7 +255,7 @@ applicable to your platform or is particularly expensive.
 
 **Note:** There should be _no_ failing tests when you build an unmodified
 source tree from a [release](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/releases),
-or from the [master branch](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/tree/master).
+or from the [main branch](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/tree/main).
 Please contact us or [open an issue](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/issues)
 if you see test failures.
 
@@ -248,9 +274,9 @@ For more advanced use or questions about CMake please read <https://cmake.org/Wi
 
 The following CMake variables are declared:
 
-- `BIN_INSTALL_DIR`: Where to install binaries to.
-- `LIB_INSTALL_DIR`: Where to install libraries to.
-- `INCLUDE_INSTALL_DIR`: Where to install headers to.
+- `CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR`: Where to install binaries to.
+- `CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR`: Where to install libraries to.
+- `CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR`: Where to install headers to.
 - `BUILD_SHARED_LIBS`: Build libgit2 as a Shared Library (defaults to ON)
 - `BUILD_CLAR`: Build [Clar](https://github.com/vmg/clar)-based test suite (defaults to ON)
 - `THREADSAFE`: Build libgit2 with threading support (defaults to ON)
@@ -305,6 +331,20 @@ with full path to the toolchain):
 Add `-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE={pathToToolchainFile}` to cmake command
 when configuring.
 
+MinGW
+-----
+
+If you want to build the library in MinGW environment with SSH support enabled,
+you may need to pass `-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH="${MINGW_PREFIX}/${MINGW_CHOST}/lib/"` flag
+to CMake when configuring. This is because CMake cannot find the Win32 libraries in
+MinGW folders by default and you might see an error message stating that CMake
+could not resolve `ws2_32` library during configuration.
+
+Another option would be to install `msys2-w32api-runtime` package before configuring.
+This package installs the Win32 libraries into `/usr/lib` folder which is by default
+recognized as the library path by CMake. Please note though that this package is meant
+for MSYS subsystem which is different from MinGW.
+
 Language Bindings
 ==================================
 
@@ -318,6 +358,7 @@ Here are the bindings to libgit2 that are currently available:
     * dlibgit <https://github.com/s-ludwig/dlibgit>
 * Delphi
     * GitForDelphi <https://github.com/libgit2/GitForDelphi>
+    * libgit2-delphi <https://github.com/todaysoftware/libgit2-delphi>
 * Erlang
     * Geef <https://github.com/carlosmn/geef>
 * Go
@@ -330,6 +371,8 @@ Here are the bindings to libgit2 that are currently available:
     * hgit2 <https://github.com/jwiegley/gitlib>
 * Java
     * Jagged <https://github.com/ethomson/jagged>
+* Javascript / WebAssembly ( browser and nodejs )
+    * WASM-git <https://github.com/petersalomonsen/wasm-git>
 * Julia
     * LibGit2.jl <https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/tree/master/stdlib/LibGit2>
 * Lua
@@ -353,6 +396,7 @@ Here are the bindings to libgit2 that are currently available:
 * Python
     * pygit2 <https://github.com/libgit2/pygit2>
 * R
+    * gert <https://docs.ropensci.org/gert>
     * git2r <https://github.com/ropensci/git2r>
 * Ruby
     * Rugged <https://github.com/libgit2/rugged>
diff --git a/azure-pipelines.yml b/azure-pipelines.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b593dd..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,186 +0,0 @@
-resources:
-- repo: self
-
-trigger:
-- master
-- maint/*
-
-jobs:
-- job: linux_amd64_xenial_gcc_openssl
-  displayName: 'Linux (amd64; Xenial; GCC; OpenSSL)'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'Ubuntu 16.04'
-  steps:
-  - template: azure-pipelines/docker.yml
-    parameters:
-      docker:
-        image: xenial
-        base: ubuntu:xenial
-      environmentVariables: |
-       CC=gcc
-       CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
-       CMAKE_OPTIONS=-DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DREGEX_BACKEND=builtin -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DVALGRIND=on -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
-       GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD=${{ variables.GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD }}
-
-- job: linux_amd64_xenial_gcc_mbedtls
-  displayName: 'Linux (amd64; Xenial; GCC; mbedTLS)'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'Ubuntu 16.04'
-  steps:
-  - template: azure-pipelines/docker.yml
-    parameters:
-      docker:
-        image: xenial
-        base: ubuntu:xenial
-      environmentVariables: |
-       CC=gcc
-       CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
-       CMAKE_OPTIONS=-DUSE_HTTPS=mbedTLS -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DVALGRIND=on -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
-       GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD=${{ variables.GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD }}
-
-- job: linux_amd64_xenial_clang_openssl
-  displayName: 'Linux (amd64; Xenial; Clang; OpenSSL)'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'Ubuntu 16.04'
-  steps:
-  - template: azure-pipelines/docker.yml
-    parameters:
-      docker:
-        image: xenial
-        base: ubuntu:xenial
-      environmentVariables: |
-       CC=clang
-       CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
-       CMAKE_OPTIONS=-DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DVALGRIND=on -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
-       GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD=${{ variables.GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD }}
-
-- job: linux_amd64_xenial_clang_mbedtls
-  displayName: 'Linux (amd64; Xenial; Clang; mbedTLS)'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'Ubuntu 16.04'
-  steps:
-  - template: azure-pipelines/docker.yml
-    parameters:
-      docker:
-        image: xenial
-        base: ubuntu:xenial
-      environmentVariables: |
-       CC=clang
-       CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
-       CMAKE_OPTIONS=-DUSE_HTTPS=mbedTLS -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DREGEX_BACKEND=pcre -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind -DVALGRIND=on -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
-       GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD=${{ variables.GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD }}
-
-- job: macos
-  displayName: 'macOS'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'macOS 10.13'
-  steps:
-  - bash: . '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/azure-pipelines/setup-osx.sh'
-    displayName: Setup
-  - template: azure-pipelines/bash.yml
-    parameters:
-      environmentVariables:
-        TMPDIR: $(Agent.TempDirectory)
-        PKG_CONFIG_PATH: /usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/pkgconfig
-        CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
-        CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DREGEX_BACKEND=regcomp_l -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=leaks -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
-        SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
-        GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD: ${{ variables.GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD }}
-
-- job: windows_vs_amd64
-  displayName: 'Windows (amd64; Visual Studio)'
-  pool: Hosted
-  steps:
-  - template: azure-pipelines/bash.yml
-    parameters:
-      environmentVariables:
-        CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 12 2013 Win64
-        CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DMSVC_CRTDBG=ON -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
-        SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
-        SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
-
-- job: windows_vs_x86
-  displayName: 'Windows (x86; Visual Studio)'
-  pool: Hosted
-  steps:
-  - template: azure-pipelines/bash.yml
-    parameters:
-      environmentVariables:
-        CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 12 2013
-        CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DMSVC_CRTDBG=ON -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS
-        SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
-        SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
-
-- job: windows_mingw_amd64
-  displayName: 'Windows (amd64; MinGW)'
-  pool: Hosted
-  steps:
-  - bash: . '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\azure-pipelines\setup-mingw.sh'
-    displayName: Setup
-    env:
-      TEMP: $(Agent.TempDirectory)
-      ARCH: amd64
-  - template: azure-pipelines/bash.yml
-    parameters:
-      environmentVariables:
-        BUILD_PATH: $(Agent.TempDirectory)\mingw64\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files (x86)\CMake\bin
-        CMAKE_GENERATOR: MinGW Makefiles
-        CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
-        SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
-        SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
-
-- job: windows_mingw_x86
-  displayName: 'Windows (x86; MinGW)'
-  pool: Hosted
-  steps:
-  - bash: . '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\azure-pipelines\setup-mingw.sh'
-    displayName: Setup
-    workingDirectory: '$(Build.BinariesDirectory)'
-    env:
-      TEMP: $(Agent.TempDirectory)
-      ARCH: x86
-  - template: azure-pipelines/bash.yml
-    parameters:
-      environmentVariables:
-        BUILD_PATH: $(Agent.TempDirectory)\mingw32\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files (x86)\CMake\bin
-        CMAKE_GENERATOR: MinGW Makefiles
-        CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
-        SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
-        SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS: true
-
-- job: documentation
-  displayName: 'Generate Documentation'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'Ubuntu 16.04'
-  steps:
-  - script: |
-      cd $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/azure-pipelines/docker
-      docker build -t libgit2/docurium --build-arg BASE=ubuntu:trusty -f docurium .
-    displayName: 'Build Docker image'
-  - script: |
-      git config user.name 'Documentation Generation'
-      git config user.email 'libgit2@users.noreply.github.com'
-      git branch gh-pages origin/gh-pages
-      docker run --rm -v $(Build.SourcesDirectory):/home/libgit2/source -w /home/libgit2/source libgit2/docurium:latest cm doc api.docurium
-      git checkout gh-pages
-      cp -R * '$(Build.BinariesDirectory)'
-    displayName: 'Generate Documentation'
-  - task: archivefiles@2
-    displayName: 'Archive Documentation'
-    inputs:
-      rootFolderOrFile: '$(Build.BinariesDirectory)'
-      includeRootFolder: false
-      archiveFile: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)/api-documentation.zip'
-  - task: publishbuildartifacts@1
-    displayName: 'Upload Documentation Artifact'
-    inputs:
-      pathToPublish: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)'
-      artifactName: 'docs'
-  - script: |
-      git remote -v
-      echo 'machine github.com' > ~/.netrc
-      echo 'login $(GITHUB_USERNAME)' >> ~/.netrc
-      echo 'password $(GITHUB_PAT)' >> ~/.netrc
-      git push origin gh-pages
-    displayName: 'Publish Documentation'
-    condition: and(eq(variables['Build.Repository.Name'], 'libgit2/libgit2'), eq(variables['Build.Reason'], 'IndividualCI'))
diff --git a/azure-pipelines/bash.yml b/azure-pipelines/bash.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 33a442b..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines/bash.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-# These are the steps used for building on machines with bash.
-steps:
-- bash: . '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/azure-pipelines/build.sh'
-  displayName: Build
-  workingDirectory: '$(Build.BinariesDirectory)'
-  env: ${{ parameters.environmentVariables }}
-- bash: . '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/azure-pipelines/test.sh'
-  displayName: Test
-  workingDirectory: '$(Build.BinariesDirectory)'
-  env: ${{ parameters.environmentVariables }}
-- task: PublishTestResults@2
-  displayName: Publish Test Results
-  condition: succeededOrFailed()
-  inputs:
-    testResultsFiles: 'results_*.xml'
-    searchFolder: '$(Build.BinariesDirectory)'
-    mergeTestResults: true
diff --git a/azure-pipelines/build.sh b/azure-pipelines/build.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 27e2f3e..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines/build.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-#
-# Environment variables:
-#
-# SOURCE_DIR: Set to the directory of the libgit2 source (optional)
-#     If not set, it will be derived relative to this script.
-
-set -e
-
-SOURCE_DIR=${SOURCE_DIR:-$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && dirname $( pwd ) )}
-BUILD_DIR=$(pwd)
-BUILD_PATH=${BUILD_PATH:=$PATH}
-CMAKE=$(which cmake)
-CMAKE_GENERATOR=${CMAKE_GENERATOR:-Unix Makefiles}
-
-indent() { sed "s/^/    /"; }
-
-echo "Source directory: ${SOURCE_DIR}"
-echo "Build directory:  ${BUILD_DIR}"
-echo ""
-
-if [ "$(uname -s)" = "Darwin" ]; then
-	echo "macOS version:"
-	sw_vers | indent
-fi
-
-if [ -f "/etc/debian_version" ]; then
-	echo "Debian version:"
-	(source /etc/lsb-release && echo "${DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION}") | indent
-fi
-
-echo "Kernel version:"
-uname -a 2>&1 | indent
-
-echo "CMake version:"
-env PATH="$BUILD_PATH" "$CMAKE" --version 2>&1 | indent
-
-if test -n "$CC"; then
-	echo "Compiler version:"
-	"$CC" --version 2>&1 | indent
-fi
-echo ""
-
-echo "##############################################################################"
-echo "## Configuring build environment"
-echo "##############################################################################"
-
-echo cmake ${SOURCE_DIR} -DENABLE_WERROR=ON -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -DBUILD_FUZZERS=ON -DUSE_STANDALONE_FUZZERS=ON -G \"${CMAKE_GENERATOR}\" ${CMAKE_OPTIONS}
-env PATH="$BUILD_PATH" "$CMAKE" ${SOURCE_DIR} -DENABLE_WERROR=ON -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -DBUILD_FUZZERS=ON -DUSE_STANDALONE_FUZZERS=ON -G "${CMAKE_GENERATOR}" ${CMAKE_OPTIONS}
-
-echo ""
-echo "##############################################################################"
-echo "## Building libgit2"
-echo "##############################################################################"
-
-env PATH="$BUILD_PATH" "$CMAKE" --build .
diff --git a/azure-pipelines/coverity.sh b/azure-pipelines/coverity.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 14faadc..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines/coverity.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash -e
-
-if test -z "$COVERITY_TOKEN"
-then
-    echo "Need to set a coverity token"
-    exit 1
-fi
-
-case $(uname -m) in
-    i?86)
-        BITS=32;;
-    amd64|x86_64)
-        BITS=64;;
-    *)
-        echo "Unsupported arch '$(uname -m)'"
-        exit 1;;
-esac
-
-SCAN_TOOL=https://scan.coverity.com/download/cxx/linux${BITS}
-SOURCE_DIR=$(realpath "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")"/..)
-BUILD_DIR=${SOURCE_DIR}/coverity-build
-TOOL_DIR=${BUILD_DIR}/coverity-tools
-
-# Install coverity tools
-if ! test -d "$TOOL_DIR"
-then
-    mkdir -p "$TOOL_DIR"
-    curl --silent --location --data "project=libgit2&token=$COVERITY_TOKEN" "$SCAN_TOOL" |
-        tar -xzC "$TOOL_DIR"
-    ln -s "$(find "$TOOL_DIR" -type d -name 'cov-analysis*')" "$TOOL_DIR"/cov-analysis
-fi
-
-cp "${SOURCE_DIR}/script/user_nodefs.h" "$TOOL_DIR"/cov-analysis/config/
-
-# Build libgit2 with Coverity
-mkdir -p "$BUILD_DIR"
-cd "$BUILD_DIR"
-cmake "$SOURCE_DIR"
-COVERITY_UNSUPPORTED=1 \
-    "$TOOL_DIR/cov-analysis/bin/cov-build" --dir cov-int \
-    cmake --build .
-
-# Upload results
-tar -czf libgit2.tgz cov-int
-REVISION=$(cd ${SOURCE_DIR} && git rev-parse --short HEAD)
-HTML="$(curl \
-    --silent \
-    --write-out "\n%{http_code}" \
-    --form token="$COVERITY_TOKEN" \
-    --form email=libgit2@gmail.com \
-    --form file=@libgit2.tgz \
-    --form version="$REVISION" \
-    --form description="libgit2 build" \
-    https://scan.coverity.com/builds?project=libgit2)"
-
-# Status code is the last line
-STATUS_CODE="$(echo "$HTML" | tail -n1)"
-if test "${STATUS_CODE}" != 200 && test "${STATUS_CODE}" != 201
-then
-    echo "Received error code ${STATUS_CODE} from Coverity"
-    exit 1
-fi
diff --git a/azure-pipelines/coverity.yml b/azure-pipelines/coverity.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 10450af..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines/coverity.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-resources:
-- repo: self
-
-jobs:
-- job: coverity
-  displayName: 'Coverity'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'Ubuntu 16.04'
-  steps:
-  - script: |
-     cd $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/azure-pipelines/docker
-     docker build -t libgit2/xenial --build-arg BASE=ubuntu:xenial -f xenial .
-    displayName: 'Build Docker image'
-  - task: Docker@0
-    displayName: Analyze
-    inputs:
-      action: 'Run an image'
-      imageName: libgit2/xenial
-      volumes: |
-       $(Build.SourcesDirectory):/home/libgit2/source
-       $(Build.BinariesDirectory):/home/libgit2/build
-      envVars: |
-       COVERITY_TOKEN=$(COVERITY_TOKEN)
-      workDir: '/home/libgit2/build'
-      containerCommand: '/home/libgit2/source/azure-pipelines/coverity.sh'
-      detached: false
diff --git a/azure-pipelines/docker.yml b/azure-pipelines/docker.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 0e1988c..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines/docker.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-# These are the steps used in a container-based build in VSTS.
-steps:
-- ${{ if eq(parameters.qemu, 'true') }}:
-  - script: docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static:register --reset
-    displayName: 'Register Docker QEMU'
-
-- task: cache@2
-  displayName: Cache Docker layers
-  inputs:
-    key: docker
-    path: /tmp/dockercache
-- script: |
-    if [ -f /tmp/dockercache/${{parameters.docker.image}}.tar ]; then docker load < /tmp/dockercache/${{parameters.docker.image}}.tar; fi
-  displayName: 'Load Docker cache'
-- script: |
-    cd $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/azure-pipelines/docker
-    docker build -t libgit2/${{parameters.docker.image}} --build-arg BASE=${{parameters.docker.base}} -f ${{parameters.docker.image}} .
-    if [ ! -d /tmp/dockercache ]; then mkdir /tmp/dockercache; fi
-    docker save libgit2/${{parameters.docker.image}} $(docker history -q libgit2/${{parameters.docker.image}} | grep -v '<missing>') > /tmp/dockercache/${{parameters.docker.image}}.tar
-  displayName: 'Build Docker image'
-- task: docker@0
-  displayName: Build
-  inputs:
-    action: 'Run an image'
-    imageName: libgit2/${{ parameters.docker.image }}
-    volumes: |
-     $(Build.SourcesDirectory):/home/libgit2/source
-     $(Build.BinariesDirectory):/home/libgit2/build
-    envVars: ${{ parameters.environmentVariables }}
-    workDir: '/home/libgit2/build'
-    containerCommand: '/home/libgit2/source/azure-pipelines/build.sh'
-    detached: false
-- task: docker@0
-  displayName: Test
-  inputs:
-    action: 'Run an image'
-    imageName: libgit2/${{ parameters.docker.image }}
-    volumes: |
-     $(Build.SourcesDirectory):/home/libgit2/source
-     $(Build.BinariesDirectory):/home/libgit2/build
-    envVars: ${{ parameters.environmentVariables }}
-    workDir: '/home/libgit2/build'
-    containerCommand: '/home/libgit2/source/azure-pipelines/test.sh'
-    detached: false
-- task: publishtestresults@2
-  displayName: Publish Test Results
-  condition: succeededOrFailed()
-  inputs:
-    testResultsFiles: 'results_*.xml'
-    searchFolder: '$(Build.BinariesDirectory)'
-    mergeTestResults: true
diff --git a/azure-pipelines/docker/bionic b/azure-pipelines/docker/bionic
deleted file mode 100644
index 83d96ab..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines/docker/bionic
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-ARG BASE
-FROM $BASE
-RUN apt-get update && \
-    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-        clang \
-        cmake \
-        curl \
-        gcc \
-        git \
-        gosu \
-        libcurl4-openssl-dev \
-        libpcre3-dev \
-        libssh2-1-dev \
-        libssl-dev \
-        libz-dev \
-        ninja-build \
-        openjdk-8-jre-headless \
-        openssh-server \
-        openssl \
-        pkgconf \
-        python \
-        valgrind \
-        && \
-    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-RUN mkdir /var/run/sshd
-
-RUN cd /tmp && \
-    curl -LO https://tls.mbed.org/download/mbedtls-2.16.2-apache.tgz && \
-    tar -xf mbedtls-2.16.2-apache.tgz && \
-    rm -f mbedtls-2.16.2-apache.tgz && \
-    cd mbedtls-2.16.2 && \
-    scripts/config.pl set MBEDTLS_MD4_C 1 && \
-    CFLAGS=-fPIC cmake -G Ninja -DENABLE_PROGRAMS=OFF -DENABLE_TESTING=OFF -DUSE_SHARED_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY=OFF -DUSE_STATIC_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY=ON . && \
-    ninja install && \
-    cd .. && \
-    rm -rf mbedtls-2.16.2
-
-COPY entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/entrypoint.sh
-RUN chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/entrypoint.sh
-
-ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/entrypoint.sh"]
diff --git a/azure-pipelines/docker/docurium b/azure-pipelines/docker/docurium
deleted file mode 100644
index 15d10a7..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines/docker/docurium
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-FROM debian:jessie-slim
-ARG CACHEBUST=1
-RUN apt-get update
-RUN apt install -y cmake pkg-config ruby ruby-dev llvm libclang-3.5-dev libssl-dev python-pygments
-ARG CACHEBUST=1
-RUN gem install docurium
diff --git a/azure-pipelines/docker/entrypoint.sh b/azure-pipelines/docker/entrypoint.sh
deleted file mode 100644
index 2118a2b..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines/docker/entrypoint.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-useradd --shell /bin/bash --create-home libgit2
-chown -R $(id -u libgit2) /home/libgit2
-exec gosu libgit2 "$@"
diff --git a/azure-pipelines/docker/xenial b/azure-pipelines/docker/xenial
deleted file mode 100644
index 6e3a469..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines/docker/xenial
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-ARG BASE
-FROM $BASE AS apt
-RUN apt-get update && \
-    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-        bzip2 \
-        clang \
-        cmake \
-        curl \
-        gcc \
-        git \
-        gosu \
-        krb5-user \
-        libcurl4-gnutls-dev \
-        libgcrypt20-dev \
-        libkrb5-dev \
-        libpcre3-dev \
-        libssl-dev \
-        libz-dev \
-        make \
-        ninja-build \
-        openjdk-8-jre-headless \
-        openssh-server \
-        openssl \
-        pkgconf \
-        python \
-        valgrind
-
-FROM apt AS mbedtls
-RUN cd /tmp && \
-    curl -LO https://tls.mbed.org/download/mbedtls-2.16.2-apache.tgz && \
-    tar -xf mbedtls-2.16.2-apache.tgz && \
-    rm -f mbedtls-2.16.2-apache.tgz && \
-    cd mbedtls-2.16.2 && \
-    scripts/config.pl set MBEDTLS_MD4_C 1 && \
-    CFLAGS=-fPIC cmake -G Ninja -DENABLE_PROGRAMS=OFF -DENABLE_TESTING=OFF -DUSE_SHARED_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY=OFF -DUSE_STATIC_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY=ON . && \
-    ninja install && \
-    cd .. && \
-    rm -rf mbedtls-2.16.2
-
-FROM mbedtls AS libssh2
-RUN cd /tmp && \
-    curl -LO https://www.libssh2.org/download/libssh2-1.8.2.tar.gz && \
-    tar -xf libssh2-1.8.2.tar.gz && \
-    rm -f libssh2-1.8.2.tar.gz && \
-    cd libssh2-1.8.2 && \
-    CFLAGS=-fPIC cmake -G Ninja -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON -DCRYPTO_BACKEND=Libgcrypt . && \
-    ninja install && \
-    cd .. && \
-    rm -rf libssh2-1.8.2
-
-FROM libssh2 AS valgrind
-RUN cd /tmp && \
-    curl -LO https://sourceware.org/pub/valgrind/valgrind-3.15.0.tar.bz2 && \
-    tar -xf valgrind-3.15.0.tar.bz2 && \
-    rm -f valgrind-3.15.0.tar.bz2 && \
-    cd valgrind-3.15.0 && \
-    ./configure && \
-    make && \
-    make install && \
-    cd .. && \
-    rm -rf valgrind-3.15.0
-
-FROM valgrind AS configure
-COPY entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/entrypoint.sh
-RUN chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/entrypoint.sh
-RUN mkdir /var/run/sshd
-
-ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/entrypoint.sh"]
diff --git a/azure-pipelines/nightly.yml b/azure-pipelines/nightly.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index a193747..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines/nightly.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,215 +0,0 @@
-resources:
-- repo: self
-
-jobs:
-- job: linux_amd64_xenial_gcc_openssl
-  displayName: 'Linux (amd64; Xenial; GCC; OpenSSL)'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'Ubuntu 16.04'
-  steps:
-  - template: docker.yml
-    parameters:
-      docker:
-        image: xenial
-        base: ubuntu:xenial
-      environmentVariables: |
-       CC=gcc
-       CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
-       CMAKE_OPTIONS=-DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DREGEX_BACKEND=builtin -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind
-       RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS=true
-
-- job: linux_amd64_xenial_gcc_mbedtls
-  displayName: 'Linux (amd64; Xenial; GCC; mbedTLS)'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'Ubuntu 16.04'
-  steps:
-  - template: docker.yml
-    parameters:
-      docker:
-        image: xenial
-        base: ubuntu:xenial
-      environmentVariables: |
-       CC=gcc
-       CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
-       CMAKE_OPTIONS=-DUSE_HTTPS=mbedTLS -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind
-       RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS=true
-
-- job: linux_amd64_xenial_clang_openssl
-  displayName: 'Linux (amd64; Xenial; Clang; OpenSSL)'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'Ubuntu 16.04'
-  steps:
-  - template: docker.yml
-    parameters:
-      docker:
-        image: xenial
-        base: ubuntu:xenial
-      environmentVariables: |
-       CC=clang
-       CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
-       CMAKE_OPTIONS=-DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind
-       RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS=true
-
-- job: linux_amd64_xenial_clang_mbedtls
-  displayName: 'Linux (amd64; Xenial; Clang; mbedTLS)'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'Ubuntu 16.04'
-  steps:
-  - template: docker.yml
-    parameters:
-      docker:
-        image: xenial
-        base: ubuntu:xenial
-      environmentVariables: |
-       CC=clang
-       CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
-       CMAKE_OPTIONS=-DUSE_HTTPS=mbedTLS -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS -DREGEX_BACKEND=pcre -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind
-       RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS=true
-
-- job: macos
-  displayName: 'macOS'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'macOS 10.13'
-  steps:
-  - bash: . '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/azure-pipelines/setup-osx.sh'
-    displayName: Setup
-  - template: bash.yml
-    parameters:
-      environmentVariables:
-        TMPDIR: $(Agent.TempDirectory)
-        PKG_CONFIG_PATH: /usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/pkgconfig
-        CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
-        CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DREGEX_BACKEND=regcomp_l -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=leaks -DUSE_GSSAPI=ON
-        RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS: true
-        SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
-
-- job: windows_vs_amd64
-  displayName: 'Windows (amd64; Visual Studio)'
-  pool: Hosted
-  steps:
-  - template: bash.yml
-    parameters:
-      environmentVariables:
-        CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 12 2013 Win64
-        CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DMSVC_CRTDBG=ON -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
-        RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS: true
-        SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
-
-- job: windows_vs_x86
-  displayName: 'Windows (x86; Visual Studio)'
-  pool: Hosted
-  steps:
-  - template: bash.yml
-    parameters:
-      environmentVariables:
-        CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 12 2013
-        CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DMSVC_CRTDBG=ON -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_SHA1=HTTPS
-        RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS: true
-        SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
-
-- job: windows_mingw_amd64
-  displayName: 'Windows (amd64; MinGW)'
-  pool: Hosted
-  steps:
-  - bash: . '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\azure-pipelines\setup-mingw.sh'
-    displayName: Setup
-    env:
-      TEMP: $(Agent.TempDirectory)
-      ARCH: amd64
-  - template: bash.yml
-    parameters:
-      environmentVariables:
-        BUILD_PATH: $(Agent.TempDirectory)\mingw64\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files (x86)\CMake\bin
-        CMAKE_GENERATOR: MinGW Makefiles
-        CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
-        RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS: true
-        SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
-
-- job: windows_mingw_x86
-  displayName: 'Windows (x86; MinGW)'
-  pool: Hosted
-  steps:
-  - bash: . '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\azure-pipelines\setup-mingw.sh'
-    displayName: Setup
-    workingDirectory: '$(Build.BinariesDirectory)'
-    env:
-      TEMP: $(Agent.TempDirectory)
-      ARCH: x86
-  - template: bash.yml
-    parameters:
-      environmentVariables:
-        BUILD_PATH: $(Agent.TempDirectory)\mingw32\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files (x86)\CMake\bin
-        CMAKE_GENERATOR: MinGW Makefiles
-        CMAKE_OPTIONS: -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
-        RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS: true
-        SKIP_SSH_TESTS: true
-
-- job: linux_x86_bionic_gcc_openssl
-  displayName: 'Linux (x86; Bionic; GCC; OpenSSL)'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'Ubuntu 16.04'
-  steps:
-  - template: docker.yml
-    parameters:
-      qemu: 'true'
-      docker:
-        image: bionic
-        base: multiarch/ubuntu-core:x86-bionic
-      environmentVariables: |
-       CC=gcc
-       CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
-       CMAKE_OPTIONS=-DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind
-       RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS=true
-
-- job: linux_x86_bionic_clang_openssl
-  displayName: 'Linux (x86; Bionic; Clang; OpenSSL)'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'Ubuntu 16.04'
-  steps:
-  - template: docker.yml
-    parameters:
-      qemu: 'true'
-      docker:
-        image: bionic
-        base: multiarch/ubuntu-core:x86-bionic
-      environmentVariables: |
-       CC=clang
-       CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
-       CMAKE_OPTIONS=-DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON -DUSE_LEAK_CHECKER=valgrind
-       RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS=true
-
-- job: linux_arm32_bionic_gcc_openssl
-  displayName: 'Linux (arm32; Bionic; GCC; OpenSSL)'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'Ubuntu 16.04'
-  steps:
-  - template: docker.yml
-    parameters:
-      qemu: 'true'
-      docker:
-        image: bionic
-        base: multiarch/ubuntu-core:armhf-bionic
-      environmentVariables: |
-       CC=gcc
-       CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
-       CMAKE_OPTIONS=-DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
-       RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS=true
-       SKIP_PROXY_TESTS=true
-
-- job: linux_arm64_bionic_gcc_openssl
-  displayName: 'Linux (arm64; Bionic; GCC; OpenSSL)'
-  pool:
-    vmImage: 'Ubuntu 16.04'
-  steps:
-  - template: docker.yml
-    parameters:
-      qemu: 'true'
-      docker:
-        image: bionic
-        base: multiarch/ubuntu-core:arm64-bionic
-      environmentVariables: |
-       CC=gcc
-       CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
-       CMAKE_OPTIONS=-DUSE_HTTPS=OpenSSL -DDEPRECATE_HARD=ON
-       RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS=true
-       SKIP_PROXY_TESTS=true
diff --git a/azure-pipelines/setup-linux.sh b/azure-pipelines/setup-linux.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index c5ecb55..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines/setup-linux.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-set -e
-set -x
-
-TMPDIR=${TMPDIR:-/tmp}
-
-if [ -z "$SKIP_APT" ]; then
-	apt-get update
-	apt-get -y install build-essential pkg-config clang cmake openssl libssl-dev libssh2-1-dev libcurl4-gnutls-dev openssh-server
-fi
-
-mkdir -p /var/run/sshd
-
-if [ "$MBEDTLS" ]; then
-	MBEDTLS_DIR=${MBEDTLS_DIR:-$(mktemp -d ${TMPDIR}/mbedtls.XXXXXXXX)}
-
-	git clone --depth 10 --single-branch --branch mbedtls-2.6.1 https://github.com/ARMmbed/mbedtls.git ${MBEDTLS_DIR}
-	cd ${MBEDTLS_DIR}
-
-	CFLAGS=-fPIC cmake -DENABLE_PROGRAMS=OFF -DENABLE_TESTING=OFF -DUSE_SHARED_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY=OFF -DUSE_STATIC_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY=ON .
-	cmake --build .
-
-	if [ -z "$SKIP_MBEDTLS_INSTALL" ]; then
-		make install
-	fi
-fi
diff --git a/azure-pipelines/setup-mingw.sh b/azure-pipelines/setup-mingw.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 1172c20..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines/setup-mingw.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh -e
-
-echo "##############################################################################"
-echo "## Downloading mingw"
-echo "##############################################################################"
-
-case "$ARCH" in
-	amd64)
-		MINGW_URI="https://bintray.com/libgit2/build-dependencies/download_file?file_path=mingw-w64-x86_64-8.1.0-release-win32-seh-rt_v6-rev0.zip";;
-	x86)
-		MINGW_URI="https://bintray.com/libgit2/build-dependencies/download_file?file_path=mingw-w64-i686-8.1.0-release-win32-sjlj-rt_v6-rev0.zip";;
-esac
-
-curl -s -L "$MINGW_URI" -o "$TEMP"/mingw-"$ARCH".zip
-unzip -q "$TEMP"/mingw-"$ARCH".zip -d "$TEMP"
diff --git a/azure-pipelines/setup-osx.sh b/azure-pipelines/setup-osx.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 2e630ee..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines/setup-osx.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-set -x
-
-brew update
-brew install pkgconfig zlib curl openssl libssh2 ninja
-
-ln -s /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/lib/libLeaksAtExit.dylib /usr/local/lib
diff --git a/azure-pipelines/test.sh b/azure-pipelines/test.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index dfd9960..0000000
--- a/azure-pipelines/test.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,324 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-
-set -e
-
-if [ -n "$SKIP_TESTS" ]; then
-	exit 0
-fi
-
-# Windows doesn't run the NTLM tests properly (yet)
-if [[ "$(uname -s)" == MINGW* ]]; then
-        SKIP_NTLM_TESTS=1
-fi
-
-SOURCE_DIR=${SOURCE_DIR:-$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && dirname $( pwd ) )}
-BUILD_DIR=$(pwd)
-TMPDIR=${TMPDIR:-/tmp}
-USER=${USER:-$(whoami)}
-
-SUCCESS=1
-
-cleanup() {
-	echo "Cleaning up..."
-
-	if [ ! -z "$GITDAEMON_PID" ]; then
-		echo "Stopping git daemon..."
-		kill $GITDAEMON_PID
-	fi
-
-	if [ ! -z "$SSHD_DIR" -a -f "${SSHD_DIR}/pid" ]; then
-		echo "Stopping SSH..."
-		kill $(cat "${SSHD_DIR}/pid")
-	fi
-
-	echo "Done."
-}
-
-run_test() {
-	if [[ "$GITTEST_FLAKY_RETRY" > 0 ]]; then
-		ATTEMPTS_REMAIN=$GITTEST_FLAKY_RETRY
-	else
-		ATTEMPTS_REMAIN=1
-	fi
-
-	FAILED=0
-	while [[ "$ATTEMPTS_REMAIN" > 0 ]]; do
-		if [ "$FAILED" -eq 1 ]; then
-			echo ""
-			echo "Re-running flaky ${1} tests..."
-			echo ""
-		fi
-
-		RETURN_CODE=0
-
-		CLAR_SUMMARY="${BUILD_DIR}/results_${1}.xml" ctest -V -R "^${1}$" || RETURN_CODE=$? && true
-
-		if [ "$RETURN_CODE" -eq 0 ]; then
-			FAILED=0
-			break
-		fi
-
-		echo "Test exited with code: $RETURN_CODE"
-		ATTEMPTS_REMAIN="$(($ATTEMPTS_REMAIN-1))"
-		FAILED=1
-	done
-
-	if [ "$FAILED" -ne 0 ]; then
-		SUCCESS=0
-	fi
-}
-
-# Configure the test environment; run them early so that we're certain
-# that they're started by the time we need them.
-
-echo "##############################################################################"
-echo "## Configuring test environment"
-echo "##############################################################################"
-
-if [ -z "$SKIP_GITDAEMON_TESTS" ]; then
-	echo "Starting git daemon..."
-	GITDAEMON_DIR=`mktemp -d ${TMPDIR}/gitdaemon.XXXXXXXX`
-	git init --bare "${GITDAEMON_DIR}/test.git"
-	git daemon --listen=localhost --export-all --enable=receive-pack --base-path="${GITDAEMON_DIR}" "${GITDAEMON_DIR}" 2>/dev/null &
-	GITDAEMON_PID=$!
-fi
-
-if [ -z "$SKIP_PROXY_TESTS" ]; then
-	curl -L https://github.com/ethomson/poxyproxy/releases/download/v0.7.0/poxyproxy-0.7.0.jar >poxyproxy.jar
-
-	echo ""
-	echo "Starting HTTP proxy (Basic)..."
-	java -jar poxyproxy.jar --address 127.0.0.1 --port 8080 --credentials foo:bar --auth-type basic --quiet &
-
-	echo ""
-	echo "Starting HTTP proxy (NTLM)..."
-	java -jar poxyproxy.jar --address 127.0.0.1 --port 8090 --credentials foo:bar --auth-type ntlm --quiet &
-fi
-
-if [ -z "$SKIP_NTLM_TESTS" ]; then
-	curl -L https://github.com/ethomson/poxygit/releases/download/v0.4.0/poxygit-0.4.0.jar >poxygit.jar
-
-	echo ""
-	echo "Starting HTTP server..."
-	NTLM_DIR=`mktemp -d ${TMPDIR}/ntlm.XXXXXXXX`
-	git init --bare "${NTLM_DIR}/test.git"
-	java -jar poxygit.jar --address 127.0.0.1 --port 9000 --credentials foo:baz --quiet "${NTLM_DIR}" &
-fi
-
-if [ -z "$SKIP_SSH_TESTS" ]; then
-	echo "Starting ssh daemon..."
-	HOME=`mktemp -d ${TMPDIR}/home.XXXXXXXX`
-	SSHD_DIR=`mktemp -d ${TMPDIR}/sshd.XXXXXXXX`
-	git init --bare "${SSHD_DIR}/test.git"
-	cat >"${SSHD_DIR}/sshd_config" <<-EOF
-	Port 2222
-	ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
-	Protocol 2
-	HostKey ${SSHD_DIR}/id_rsa
-	PidFile ${SSHD_DIR}/pid
-	AuthorizedKeysFile ${HOME}/.ssh/authorized_keys
-	LogLevel DEBUG
-	RSAAuthentication yes
-	PasswordAuthentication yes
-	PubkeyAuthentication yes
-	ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
-	StrictModes no
-	# Required here as sshd will simply close connection otherwise
-	UsePAM no
-	EOF
-	ssh-keygen -t rsa -f "${SSHD_DIR}/id_rsa" -N "" -q
-	/usr/sbin/sshd -f "${SSHD_DIR}/sshd_config" -E "${SSHD_DIR}/log"
-
-	# Set up keys
-	mkdir "${HOME}/.ssh"
-	ssh-keygen -t rsa -f "${HOME}/.ssh/id_rsa" -N "" -q
-	cat "${HOME}/.ssh/id_rsa.pub" >>"${HOME}/.ssh/authorized_keys"
-	while read algorithm key comment; do
-		echo "[localhost]:2222 $algorithm $key" >>"${HOME}/.ssh/known_hosts"
-	done <"${SSHD_DIR}/id_rsa.pub"
-
-	# Get the fingerprint for localhost and remove the colons so we can
-	# parse it as a hex number. Older versions have a different output
-	# format.
-	if [[ $(ssh -V 2>&1) == OpenSSH_6* ]]; then
-		SSH_FINGERPRINT=$(ssh-keygen -F '[localhost]:2222' -f "${HOME}/.ssh/known_hosts" -l | tail -n 1 | cut -d ' ' -f 2 | tr -d ':')
-	else
-		SSH_FINGERPRINT=$(ssh-keygen -E md5 -F '[localhost]:2222' -f "${HOME}/.ssh/known_hosts" -l | tail -n 1 | cut -d ' ' -f 3 | cut -d : -f2- | tr -d :)
-	fi
-fi
-
-# Run the tests that do not require network connectivity.
-
-if [ -z "$SKIP_OFFLINE_TESTS" ]; then
-	echo ""
-	echo "##############################################################################"
-	echo "## Running (offline) tests"
-	echo "##############################################################################"
-
-	run_test offline
-fi
-
-if [ -n "$RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS" ]; then
-	echo ""
-	echo "Running invasive tests"
-	echo ""
-
-	export GITTEST_INVASIVE_FS_SIZE=1
-	export GITTEST_INVASIVE_MEMORY=1
-	export GITTEST_INVASIVE_SPEED=1
-	run_test invasive
-	unset GITTEST_INVASIVE_FS_SIZE
-	unset GITTEST_INVASIVE_MEMORY
-	unset GITTEST_INVASIVE_SPEED
-fi
-
-if [ -z "$SKIP_ONLINE_TESTS" ]; then
-	# Run the various online tests.  The "online" test suite only includes the
-	# default online tests that do not require additional configuration.  The
-	# "proxy" and "ssh" test suites require further setup.
-
-	echo ""
-	echo "##############################################################################"
-	echo "## Running (online) tests"
-	echo "##############################################################################"
-
-	export GITTEST_FLAKY_RETRY=5
-	run_test online
-	unset GITTEST_FLAKY_RETRY
-fi
-
-if [ -z "$SKIP_GITDAEMON_TESTS" ]; then
-	echo ""
-	echo "Running gitdaemon tests"
-	echo ""
-
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_URL="git://localhost/test.git"
-	run_test gitdaemon
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_URL
-fi
-
-if [ -z "$SKIP_PROXY_TESTS" ]; then
-	echo ""
-	echo "Running proxy tests (Basic authentication)"
-	echo ""
-
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_HOST="localhost:8080"
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_USER="foo"
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_PASS="bar"
-	run_test proxy
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_HOST
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_USER
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_PASS
-
-	echo ""
-	echo "Running proxy tests (NTLM authentication)"
-	echo ""
-
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_HOST="localhost:8090"
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_USER="foo"
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_PASS="bar"
-	export GITTEST_FLAKY_RETRY=5
-	run_test proxy
-	unset GITTEST_FLAKY_RETRY
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_HOST
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_USER
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_PASS
-fi
-
-if [ -z "$SKIP_NTLM_TESTS" ]; then
-	echo ""
-	echo "Running NTLM tests (IIS emulation)"
-	echo ""
-
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_URL="http://localhost:9000/ntlm/test.git"
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_USER="foo"
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PASS="baz"
-	run_test auth_clone_and_push
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_URL
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_USER
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PASS
-
-	echo ""
-	echo "Running NTLM tests (Apache emulation)"
-	echo ""
-
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_URL="http://localhost:9000/broken-ntlm/test.git"
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_USER="foo"
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PASS="baz"
-	run_test auth_clone_and_push
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_URL
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_USER
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PASS
-fi
-
-if [ -z "$SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS" -a -n "$GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD" ]; then
-	echo ""
-	echo "Running SPNEGO tests"
-	echo ""
-
-	if [ "$(uname -s)" = "Darwin" ]; then
-		KINIT_FLAGS="--password-file=STDIN"
-	fi
-
-	echo $GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD | kinit $KINIT_FLAGS test@LIBGIT2.ORG
-	klist -5f
-
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_URL="https://test.libgit2.org/kerberos/empty.git"
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_DEFAULT="true"
-	run_test auth_clone
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_URL
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_DEFAULT
-
-	echo ""
-	echo "Running SPNEGO tests (expect/continue)"
-	echo ""
-
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_URL="https://test.libgit2.org/kerberos/empty.git"
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_DEFAULT="true"
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_EXPECTCONTINUE="true"
-	run_test auth_clone
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_URL
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_DEFAULT
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_EXPECTCONTINUE
-
-	kdestroy -A
-fi
-
-if [ -z "$SKIP_SSH_TESTS" ]; then
-	echo ""
-	echo "Running ssh tests"
-	echo ""
-
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_URL="ssh://localhost:2222/$SSHD_DIR/test.git"
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_USER=$USER
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_KEY="${HOME}/.ssh/id_rsa"
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_PUBKEY="${HOME}/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_PASSPHRASE=""
-	export GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_FINGERPRINT="${SSH_FINGERPRINT}"
-	run_test ssh
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_URL
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_USER
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_KEY
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_PUBKEY
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_PASSPHRASE
-	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_FINGERPRINT
-fi
-
-if [ -z "$SKIP_FUZZERS" ]; then
-	echo ""
-	echo "##############################################################################"
-	echo "## Running fuzzers"
-	echo "##############################################################################"
-
-	ctest -V -R 'fuzzer'
-fi
-
-cleanup
-
-if [ "$SUCCESS" -ne 1 ]; then
-	echo "Some tests failed."
-	exit 1
-fi
-
-echo "Success."
-exit 0
diff --git a/ci/build.sh b/ci/build.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5a51f92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/build.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#
+# Environment variables:
+#
+# SOURCE_DIR: Set to the directory of the libgit2 source (optional)
+#     If not set, it will be derived relative to this script.
+
+set -e
+
+SOURCE_DIR=${SOURCE_DIR:-$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && dirname $( pwd ) )}
+BUILD_DIR=$(pwd)
+BUILD_PATH=${BUILD_PATH:=$PATH}
+CMAKE=$(which cmake)
+CMAKE_GENERATOR=${CMAKE_GENERATOR:-Unix Makefiles}
+
+if [[ "$(uname -s)" == MINGW* ]]; then
+	BUILD_PATH=$(cygpath "$BUILD_PATH")
+fi
+
+indent() { sed "s/^/    /"; }
+
+echo "Source directory: ${SOURCE_DIR}"
+echo "Build directory:  ${BUILD_DIR}"
+echo ""
+
+if [ "$(uname -s)" = "Darwin" ]; then
+	echo "macOS version:"
+	sw_vers | indent
+fi
+
+if [ -f "/etc/debian_version" ]; then
+	echo "Debian version:"
+	(source /etc/lsb-release && echo "${DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION}") | indent
+fi
+
+CORES=$(getconf _NPROCESSORS_ONLN || true)
+echo "Number of cores: ${CORES:-(Unknown)}"
+
+echo "Kernel version:"
+uname -a 2>&1 | indent
+
+echo "CMake version:"
+env PATH="${BUILD_PATH}" "${CMAKE}" --version 2>&1 | indent
+
+if test -n "${CC}"; then
+	echo "Compiler version:"
+	"${CC}" --version 2>&1 | indent
+fi
+echo "Environment:"
+if test -n "${CC}"; then
+	echo "CC=${CC}" | indent
+fi
+if test -n "${CFLAGS}"; then
+	echo "CFLAGS=${CFLAGS}" | indent
+fi
+echo ""
+
+echo "##############################################################################"
+echo "## Configuring build environment"
+echo "##############################################################################"
+
+echo cmake -DENABLE_WERROR=ON -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -DBUILD_FUZZERS=ON -DUSE_STANDALONE_FUZZERS=ON -G \"${CMAKE_GENERATOR}\" ${CMAKE_OPTIONS} -S \"${SOURCE_DIR}\"
+env PATH="${BUILD_PATH}" "${CMAKE}" -DENABLE_WERROR=ON -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -DBUILD_FUZZERS=ON -DUSE_STANDALONE_FUZZERS=ON -G "${CMAKE_GENERATOR}" ${CMAKE_OPTIONS} -S "${SOURCE_DIR}"
+
+echo ""
+echo "##############################################################################"
+echo "## Building libgit2"
+echo "##############################################################################"
+
+# Determine parallelism; newer cmake supports `--build --parallel` but
+# we cannot yet rely on that.
+if [ "${CMAKE_GENERATOR}" = "Unix Makefiles" -a "${CORES}" != "" ]; then
+	BUILDER=(make -j ${CORES})
+else
+	BUILDER=("${CMAKE}" --build .)
+fi
+
+env PATH="${BUILD_PATH}" "${BUILDER[@]}"
diff --git a/ci/coverity.sh b/ci/coverity.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c68b6f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/coverity.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#!/bin/bash -e
+
+if test -z "$COVERITY_TOKEN"
+then
+    echo "Need to set a coverity token"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+case $(uname -m) in
+    i?86)
+        BITS=32;;
+    amd64|x86_64)
+        BITS=64;;
+    *)
+        echo "Unsupported arch '$(uname -m)'"
+        exit 1;;
+esac
+
+SCAN_TOOL=https://scan.coverity.com/download/cxx/linux${BITS}
+SOURCE_DIR=$(realpath "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")"/..)
+BUILD_DIR=${SOURCE_DIR}/coverity-build
+TOOL_DIR=${BUILD_DIR}/coverity-tools
+
+# Install coverity tools
+if ! test -d "$TOOL_DIR"
+then
+    mkdir -p "$TOOL_DIR"
+    curl --silent --show-error --location --data "project=libgit2&token=$COVERITY_TOKEN" "$SCAN_TOOL" |
+        tar -xzC "$TOOL_DIR"
+    ln -s "$(find "$TOOL_DIR" -type d -name 'cov-analysis*')" "$TOOL_DIR"/cov-analysis
+fi
+
+cp "${SOURCE_DIR}/script/user_nodefs.h" "$TOOL_DIR"/cov-analysis/config/
+
+# Build libgit2 with Coverity
+mkdir -p "$BUILD_DIR"
+cd "$BUILD_DIR"
+cmake "$SOURCE_DIR"
+COVERITY_UNSUPPORTED=1 \
+    "$TOOL_DIR/cov-analysis/bin/cov-build" --dir cov-int \
+    cmake --build .
+
+# Upload results
+tar -czf libgit2.tgz cov-int
+REVISION=$(cd ${SOURCE_DIR} && git rev-parse --short HEAD)
+HTML="$(curl \
+    --silent --show-error \
+    --write-out "\n%{http_code}" \
+    --form token="$COVERITY_TOKEN" \
+    --form email=libgit2@gmail.com \
+    --form file=@libgit2.tgz \
+    --form version="$REVISION" \
+    --form description="libgit2 build" \
+    https://scan.coverity.com/builds?project=libgit2)"
+
+# Status code is the last line
+STATUS_CODE="$(echo "$HTML" | tail -n1)"
+if test "${STATUS_CODE}" != 200 && test "${STATUS_CODE}" != 201
+then
+    echo "Received error code ${STATUS_CODE} from Coverity"
+    exit 1
+fi
diff --git a/ci/docker/bionic b/ci/docker/bionic
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..51af5c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/docker/bionic
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+ARG BASE=ubuntu:bionic
+
+FROM ${BASE} AS apt
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+        clang \
+        cmake \
+        curl \
+        gcc \
+        git \
+        krb5-user \
+        libcurl4-openssl-dev \
+        libkrb5-dev \
+        libpcre3-dev \
+        libssh2-1-dev \
+        libssl-dev \
+        libz-dev \
+        ninja-build \
+        openjdk-8-jre-headless \
+        openssh-server \
+        openssl \
+        pkgconf \
+        python \
+        sudo \
+        valgrind \
+        && \
+    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+FROM apt AS mbedtls
+RUN cd /tmp && \
+    curl --location --silent --show-error https://tls.mbed.org/download/mbedtls-2.16.2-apache.tgz | \
+    tar -xz && \
+    cd mbedtls-2.16.2 && \
+    scripts/config.pl set MBEDTLS_MD4_C 1 && \
+    CFLAGS=-fPIC cmake -G Ninja -DENABLE_PROGRAMS=OFF -DENABLE_TESTING=OFF -DUSE_SHARED_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY=OFF -DUSE_STATIC_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY=ON . && \
+    ninja install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf mbedtls-2.16.2
+
+FROM mbedtls AS adduser
+RUN useradd --shell /bin/bash libgit2 --create-home
+
+FROM adduser AS configure
+RUN mkdir /var/run/sshd
diff --git a/ci/docker/centos7 b/ci/docker/centos7
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..098edb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/docker/centos7
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+ARG BASE=centos:7
+
+FROM ${BASE} AS yum
+RUN yum install -y \
+	which \
+	bzip2 \
+	git \
+	libarchive \
+	gcc \
+	gcc-c++ \
+	make \
+	openssl-devel \
+	openssh-server \
+	git-daemon \
+	java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless \
+	sudo \
+	python
+
+FROM yum AS libssh2
+RUN cd /tmp && \
+    curl https://libssh2.org/download/libssh2-1.8.0.tar.gz | tar -xz && \
+    cd libssh2-1.8.0 && \
+    ./configure && \
+    make && \
+    make install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf libssh-1.8.0
+
+FROM libssh2 AS valgrind
+RUN cd /tmp && \
+    curl --insecure --location --silent --show-error https://sourceware.org/pub/valgrind/valgrind-3.15.0.tar.bz2 | \
+        tar -xj && \
+    cd valgrind-3.15.0 && \
+    ./configure && \
+    make MAKEFLAGS="-j -l$(grep -c ^processor /proc/cpuinfo)" && \
+    make install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf valgrind-3.15.0
+
+FROM valgrind AS cmake
+RUN cd /tmp && \
+    curl -L https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.21.1/cmake-3.21.1.tar.gz | tar -xz && \
+    cd cmake-3.21.1 && \
+    ./configure && \
+    make && \
+    make install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf cmake-3.21.1
+
+FROM cmake AS adduser
+RUN useradd --shell /bin/bash libgit2 --create-home
+
+FROM adduser AS configure
+ENV PKG_CONFIG_PATH /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
+RUN mkdir /var/run/sshd
diff --git a/ci/docker/centos8 b/ci/docker/centos8
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f471984
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/docker/centos8
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+ARG BASE=centos:8
+
+FROM ${BASE} AS yum
+RUN yum install -y \
+	which \
+	bzip2 \
+	git \
+	libarchive \
+	cmake \
+	gcc \
+	make \
+	openssl-devel \
+	openssh-server \
+	git-daemon \
+	java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless \
+	sudo \
+	python39 \
+	krb5-workstation \
+	krb5-libs
+
+FROM yum AS libssh2
+RUN cd /tmp && \
+    curl https://libssh2.org/download/libssh2-1.8.0.tar.gz | tar -xz && \
+    cd libssh2-1.8.0 && \
+    ./configure && \
+    make && \
+    make install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf libssh2-1.8.0
+
+FROM libssh2 AS valgrind
+RUN cd /tmp && \
+    curl --insecure --location --silent --show-error https://sourceware.org/pub/valgrind/valgrind-3.15.0.tar.bz2 | \
+        tar -xj && \
+    cd valgrind-3.15.0 && \
+    ./configure && \
+    make MAKEFLAGS="-j -l$(grep -c ^processor /proc/cpuinfo)" && \
+    make install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf valgrind-3.15.0
+
+FROM valgrind AS adduser
+RUN useradd --shell /bin/bash libgit2 --create-home
+
+FROM adduser AS configure
+ENV PKG_CONFIG_PATH /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
+RUN mkdir /var/run/sshd
+RUN echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local && \
+    ldconfig
diff --git a/ci/docker/docurium b/ci/docker/docurium
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1957bbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/docker/docurium
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+ARG BASE=ubuntu:bionic
+
+FROM ${BASE}
+RUN apt update && apt install -y cmake pkg-config ruby ruby-dev llvm libclang-dev libssl-dev python-pygments
+RUN gem install docurium
diff --git a/ci/docker/focal b/ci/docker/focal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1713876
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/docker/focal
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+ARG BASE=ubuntu:focal
+
+FROM ${BASE} AS apt
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+        bzip2 \
+        clang-10 \
+        cmake \
+        curl \
+        gcc-10 \
+        git \
+        krb5-user \
+        libcurl4-gnutls-dev \
+        libgcrypt20-dev \
+        libkrb5-dev \
+        libpcre3-dev \
+        libssl-dev \
+        libz-dev \
+        llvm-10 \
+        make \
+        ninja-build \
+        openjdk-8-jre-headless \
+        openssh-server \
+        openssl \
+        pkgconf \
+        python \
+        sudo \
+        valgrind \
+        && \
+    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && \
+    mkdir /usr/local/msan
+
+FROM apt AS mbedtls
+RUN cd /tmp && \
+    curl --location --silent --show-error https://tls.mbed.org/download/mbedtls-2.16.2-apache.tgz | \
+        tar -xz && \
+    cd mbedtls-2.16.2 && \
+    scripts/config.pl unset MBEDTLS_AESNI_C && \
+    scripts/config.pl set MBEDTLS_MD4_C 1 && \
+    mkdir build build-msan && \
+    cd build && \
+    CC=clang-10 CFLAGS="-fPIC" cmake -G Ninja -DENABLE_PROGRAMS=OFF -DENABLE_TESTING=OFF -DUSE_SHARED_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY=ON -DUSE_STATIC_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY=OFF -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr/local -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local .. && \
+    ninja install && \
+    cd ../build-msan && \
+    CC=clang-10 CFLAGS="-fPIC" cmake -G Ninja -DENABLE_PROGRAMS=OFF -DENABLE_TESTING=OFF -DUSE_SHARED_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY=ON -DUSE_STATIC_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY=OFF -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=MemSanDbg -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/msan .. && \
+    ninja install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf mbedtls-2.16.2
+
+FROM mbedtls AS libssh2
+RUN cd /tmp && \
+    curl --insecure --location --silent --show-error https://www.libssh2.org/download/libssh2-1.9.0.tar.gz | \
+        tar -xz && \
+    cd libssh2-1.9.0 && \
+    mkdir build build-msan && \
+    cd build && \
+    CC=clang-10 CFLAGS="-fPIC" cmake -G Ninja -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON -DCRYPTO_BACKEND=Libgcrypt -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr/local -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local .. && \
+    ninja install && \
+    cd ../build-msan && \
+    CC=clang-10 CFLAGS="-fPIC -fsanitize=memory -fno-optimize-sibling-calls -fsanitize-memory-track-origins=2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" LDFLAGS="-fsanitize=memory" cmake -G Ninja -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON -DCRYPTO_BACKEND=mbedTLS -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr/local/msan -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/msan .. && \
+    ninja install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf libssh2-1.9.0
+
+FROM libssh2 AS valgrind
+RUN cd /tmp && \
+    curl --insecure --location --silent --show-error https://sourceware.org/pub/valgrind/valgrind-3.15.0.tar.bz2 | \
+        tar -xj && \
+    cd valgrind-3.15.0 && \
+    CC=clang-10 ./configure && \
+    make MAKEFLAGS="-j -l$(grep -c ^processor /proc/cpuinfo)" && \
+    make install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf valgrind-3.15.0
+
+FROM valgrind AS adduser
+RUN useradd --shell /bin/bash libgit2 --create-home
+
+FROM adduser AS configure
+RUN mkdir /var/run/sshd
diff --git a/ci/docker/xenial b/ci/docker/xenial
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c3810a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/docker/xenial
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+ARG BASE=ubuntu:xenial
+
+FROM ${BASE} AS apt
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+        bzip2 \
+        clang \
+        cmake \
+        curl \
+        gcc \
+        git \
+        krb5-user \
+        libcurl4-gnutls-dev \
+        libgcrypt20-dev \
+        libkrb5-dev \
+        libpcre3-dev \
+        libssl-dev \
+        libz-dev \
+        make \
+        ninja-build \
+        openjdk-8-jre-headless \
+        openssh-server \
+        openssl \
+        pkgconf \
+        python \
+        sudo \
+        valgrind \
+        && \
+    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+FROM apt AS mbedtls
+RUN cd /tmp && \
+    curl --location --silent --show-error https://tls.mbed.org/download/mbedtls-2.16.2-apache.tgz | \
+    tar -xz && \
+    cd mbedtls-2.16.2 && \
+    scripts/config.pl set MBEDTLS_MD4_C 1 && \
+    CFLAGS=-fPIC cmake -G Ninja -DENABLE_PROGRAMS=OFF -DENABLE_TESTING=OFF -DUSE_SHARED_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY=OFF -DUSE_STATIC_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY=ON . && \
+    ninja install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf mbedtls-2.16.2
+
+FROM mbedtls AS libssh2
+RUN cd /tmp && \
+    curl --insecure --location --silent --show-error https://www.libssh2.org/download/libssh2-1.8.2.tar.gz | \
+    tar -xz && \
+    cd libssh2-1.8.2 && \
+    CFLAGS=-fPIC cmake -G Ninja -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON -DCRYPTO_BACKEND=Libgcrypt . && \
+    ninja install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf libssh2-1.8.2
+
+FROM libssh2 AS valgrind
+RUN cd /tmp && \
+    curl --insecure --location --silent --show-error https://sourceware.org/pub/valgrind/valgrind-3.15.0.tar.bz2 | \
+    tar -xj && \
+    cd valgrind-3.15.0 && \
+    ./configure && \
+    make && \
+    make install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf valgrind-3.15.0
+
+FROM valgrind AS adduser
+RUN useradd --shell /bin/bash libgit2 --create-home
+
+FROM adduser AS configure
+RUN mkdir /var/run/sshd
diff --git a/ci/getcontainer.sh b/ci/getcontainer.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..07ef7b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/getcontainer.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -e
+
+IMAGE_NAME=$1
+DOCKERFILE_PATH=$2
+
+if [ "${IMAGE_NAME}" = "" ]; then
+	echo "usage: $0 image_name [dockerfile]"
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+if [ "${DOCKERFILE_PATH}" = "" ]; then
+	DOCKERFILE_PATH="${IMAGE_NAME}"
+fi
+
+if [ "${DOCKER_REGISTRY}" = "" ]; then
+	echo "DOCKER_REGISTRY environment variable is unset."
+	echo "Not running inside GitHub Actions or misconfigured?"
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+DOCKER_CONTAINER="${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}/${IMAGE_NAME}"
+DOCKER_REGISTRY_CONTAINER="${DOCKER_REGISTRY}/${DOCKER_CONTAINER}"
+
+echo "dockerfile=${DOCKERFILE_PATH}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+echo "docker-container=${DOCKER_CONTAINER}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+echo "docker-registry-container=${DOCKER_REGISTRY_CONTAINER}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+# Identify the last git commit that touched the Dockerfiles
+# Use this as a hash to identify the resulting docker containers
+DOCKER_SHA=$(git log -1 --pretty=format:"%h" -- "${DOCKERFILE_PATH}")
+echo "docker-sha=${DOCKER_SHA}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+DOCKER_REGISTRY_CONTAINER_SHA="${DOCKER_REGISTRY_CONTAINER}:${DOCKER_SHA}"
+
+echo "docker-registry-container-sha=${DOCKER_REGISTRY_CONTAINER_SHA}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+echo "docker-registry-container-latest=${DOCKER_REGISTRY_CONTAINER}:latest" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+exists="true"
+docker login https://${DOCKER_REGISTRY} -u ${GITHUB_ACTOR} -p ${GITHUB_TOKEN} || exists="false"
+
+if [ "${exists}" != "false" ]; then
+	docker pull ${DOCKER_REGISTRY_CONTAINER_SHA} || exists="false"
+fi
+
+if [ "${exists}" = "true" ]; then
+	echo "docker-container-exists=true" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+else
+	echo "docker-container-exists=false" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+fi
diff --git a/ci/setup-mingw.sh b/ci/setup-mingw.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f5a882d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/setup-mingw.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/bin/sh -e
+
+echo "##############################################################################"
+echo "## Downloading mingw"
+echo "##############################################################################"
+
+BUILD_TEMP=${BUILD_TEMP:=$TEMP}
+BUILD_TEMP=$(cygpath $BUILD_TEMP)
+
+case "$ARCH" in
+	amd64)
+		MINGW_URI="https://github.com/libgit2/ci-dependencies/releases/download/2021-05-04/mingw-x86_64-8.1.0-release-win32-sjlj-rt_v6-rev0.zip";;
+	x86)
+		MINGW_URI="https://github.com/libgit2/ci-dependencies/releases/download/2021-05-04/mingw-i686-8.1.0-release-win32-sjlj-rt_v6-rev0.zip";;
+esac
+
+if [ -z "$MINGW_URI" ]; then
+	echo "No URL"
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+mkdir -p "$BUILD_TEMP"
+
+curl -s -L "$MINGW_URI" -o "$BUILD_TEMP"/mingw-"$ARCH".zip
+unzip -q "$BUILD_TEMP"/mingw-"$ARCH".zip -d "$BUILD_TEMP"
diff --git a/ci/setup-osx.sh b/ci/setup-osx.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..2e630ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/setup-osx.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+set -x
+
+brew update
+brew install pkgconfig zlib curl openssl libssh2 ninja
+
+ln -s /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/lib/libLeaksAtExit.dylib /usr/local/lib
diff --git a/ci/test.sh b/ci/test.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..2b43ba1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,325 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -e
+
+if [ -n "$SKIP_TESTS" ]; then
+	exit 0
+fi
+
+# Windows doesn't run the NTLM tests properly (yet)
+if [[ "$(uname -s)" == MINGW* ]]; then
+        SKIP_NTLM_TESTS=1
+fi
+
+SOURCE_DIR=${SOURCE_DIR:-$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && dirname $( pwd ) )}
+BUILD_DIR=$(pwd)
+TMPDIR=${TMPDIR:-/tmp}
+USER=${USER:-$(whoami)}
+
+SUCCESS=1
+
+cleanup() {
+	echo "Cleaning up..."
+
+	if [ ! -z "$GITDAEMON_PID" ]; then
+		echo "Stopping git daemon..."
+		kill $GITDAEMON_PID
+	fi
+
+	if [ ! -z "$SSHD_DIR" -a -f "${SSHD_DIR}/pid" ]; then
+		echo "Stopping SSH..."
+		kill $(cat "${SSHD_DIR}/pid")
+	fi
+
+	echo "Done."
+}
+
+run_test() {
+	if [[ "$GITTEST_FLAKY_RETRY" > 0 ]]; then
+		ATTEMPTS_REMAIN=$GITTEST_FLAKY_RETRY
+	else
+		ATTEMPTS_REMAIN=1
+	fi
+
+	FAILED=0
+	while [[ "$ATTEMPTS_REMAIN" > 0 ]]; do
+		if [ "$FAILED" -eq 1 ]; then
+			echo ""
+			echo "Re-running flaky ${1} tests..."
+			echo ""
+		fi
+
+		RETURN_CODE=0
+
+		CLAR_SUMMARY="${BUILD_DIR}/results_${1}.xml" ctest -V -R "^${1}$" || RETURN_CODE=$? && true
+
+		if [ "$RETURN_CODE" -eq 0 ]; then
+			FAILED=0
+			break
+		fi
+
+		echo "Test exited with code: $RETURN_CODE"
+		ATTEMPTS_REMAIN="$(($ATTEMPTS_REMAIN-1))"
+		FAILED=1
+	done
+
+	if [ "$FAILED" -ne 0 ]; then
+		SUCCESS=0
+	fi
+}
+
+# Configure the test environment; run them early so that we're certain
+# that they're started by the time we need them.
+
+echo "##############################################################################"
+echo "## Configuring test environment"
+echo "##############################################################################"
+
+if [ -z "$SKIP_GITDAEMON_TESTS" ]; then
+	echo "Starting git daemon..."
+	GITDAEMON_DIR=`mktemp -d ${TMPDIR}/gitdaemon.XXXXXXXX`
+	git init --bare "${GITDAEMON_DIR}/test.git"
+	git daemon --listen=localhost --export-all --enable=receive-pack --base-path="${GITDAEMON_DIR}" "${GITDAEMON_DIR}" 2>/dev/null &
+	GITDAEMON_PID=$!
+	disown $GITDAEMON_PID
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$SKIP_PROXY_TESTS" ]; then
+	curl --location --silent --show-error https://github.com/ethomson/poxyproxy/releases/download/v0.7.0/poxyproxy-0.7.0.jar >poxyproxy.jar
+
+	echo ""
+	echo "Starting HTTP proxy (Basic)..."
+	java -jar poxyproxy.jar --address 127.0.0.1 --port 8080 --credentials foo:bar --auth-type basic --quiet &
+
+	echo ""
+	echo "Starting HTTP proxy (NTLM)..."
+	java -jar poxyproxy.jar --address 127.0.0.1 --port 8090 --credentials foo:bar --auth-type ntlm --quiet &
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$SKIP_NTLM_TESTS" ]; then
+	curl --location --silent --show-error https://github.com/ethomson/poxygit/releases/download/v0.4.0/poxygit-0.4.0.jar >poxygit.jar
+
+	echo ""
+	echo "Starting HTTP server..."
+	NTLM_DIR=`mktemp -d ${TMPDIR}/ntlm.XXXXXXXX`
+	git init --bare "${NTLM_DIR}/test.git"
+	java -jar poxygit.jar --address 127.0.0.1 --port 9000 --credentials foo:baz --quiet "${NTLM_DIR}" &
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$SKIP_SSH_TESTS" ]; then
+	echo "Starting ssh daemon..."
+	HOME=`mktemp -d ${TMPDIR}/home.XXXXXXXX`
+	SSHD_DIR=`mktemp -d ${TMPDIR}/sshd.XXXXXXXX`
+	git init --bare "${SSHD_DIR}/test.git"
+	cat >"${SSHD_DIR}/sshd_config" <<-EOF
+	Port 2222
+	ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
+	Protocol 2
+	HostKey ${SSHD_DIR}/id_rsa
+	PidFile ${SSHD_DIR}/pid
+	AuthorizedKeysFile ${HOME}/.ssh/authorized_keys
+	LogLevel DEBUG
+	RSAAuthentication yes
+	PasswordAuthentication yes
+	PubkeyAuthentication yes
+	ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
+	StrictModes no
+	# Required here as sshd will simply close connection otherwise
+	UsePAM no
+	EOF
+	ssh-keygen -t rsa -f "${SSHD_DIR}/id_rsa" -N "" -q
+	/usr/sbin/sshd -f "${SSHD_DIR}/sshd_config" -E "${SSHD_DIR}/log"
+
+	# Set up keys
+	mkdir "${HOME}/.ssh"
+	ssh-keygen -t rsa -f "${HOME}/.ssh/id_rsa" -N "" -q
+	cat "${HOME}/.ssh/id_rsa.pub" >>"${HOME}/.ssh/authorized_keys"
+	while read algorithm key comment; do
+		echo "[localhost]:2222 $algorithm $key" >>"${HOME}/.ssh/known_hosts"
+	done <"${SSHD_DIR}/id_rsa.pub"
+
+	# Get the fingerprint for localhost and remove the colons so we can
+	# parse it as a hex number. Older versions have a different output
+	# format.
+	if [[ $(ssh -V 2>&1) == OpenSSH_6* ]]; then
+		SSH_FINGERPRINT=$(ssh-keygen -F '[localhost]:2222' -f "${HOME}/.ssh/known_hosts" -l | tail -n 1 | cut -d ' ' -f 2 | tr -d ':')
+	else
+		SSH_FINGERPRINT=$(ssh-keygen -E md5 -F '[localhost]:2222' -f "${HOME}/.ssh/known_hosts" -l | tail -n 1 | cut -d ' ' -f 3 | cut -d : -f2- | tr -d :)
+	fi
+fi
+
+# Run the tests that do not require network connectivity.
+
+if [ -z "$SKIP_OFFLINE_TESTS" ]; then
+	echo ""
+	echo "##############################################################################"
+	echo "## Running (offline) tests"
+	echo "##############################################################################"
+
+	run_test offline
+fi
+
+if [ -n "$RUN_INVASIVE_TESTS" ]; then
+	echo ""
+	echo "Running invasive tests"
+	echo ""
+
+	export GITTEST_INVASIVE_FS_SIZE=1
+	export GITTEST_INVASIVE_MEMORY=1
+	export GITTEST_INVASIVE_SPEED=1
+	run_test invasive
+	unset GITTEST_INVASIVE_FS_SIZE
+	unset GITTEST_INVASIVE_MEMORY
+	unset GITTEST_INVASIVE_SPEED
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$SKIP_ONLINE_TESTS" ]; then
+	# Run the various online tests.  The "online" test suite only includes the
+	# default online tests that do not require additional configuration.  The
+	# "proxy" and "ssh" test suites require further setup.
+
+	echo ""
+	echo "##############################################################################"
+	echo "## Running (online) tests"
+	echo "##############################################################################"
+
+	export GITTEST_FLAKY_RETRY=5
+	run_test online
+	unset GITTEST_FLAKY_RETRY
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$SKIP_GITDAEMON_TESTS" ]; then
+	echo ""
+	echo "Running gitdaemon tests"
+	echo ""
+
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_URL="git://localhost/test.git"
+	run_test gitdaemon
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_URL
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$SKIP_PROXY_TESTS" ]; then
+	echo ""
+	echo "Running proxy tests (Basic authentication)"
+	echo ""
+
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_HOST="localhost:8080"
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_USER="foo"
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_PASS="bar"
+	run_test proxy
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_HOST
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_USER
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_PASS
+
+	echo ""
+	echo "Running proxy tests (NTLM authentication)"
+	echo ""
+
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_HOST="localhost:8090"
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_USER="foo"
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_PASS="bar"
+	export GITTEST_FLAKY_RETRY=5
+	run_test proxy
+	unset GITTEST_FLAKY_RETRY
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_HOST
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_USER
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_PASS
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$SKIP_NTLM_TESTS" ]; then
+	echo ""
+	echo "Running NTLM tests (IIS emulation)"
+	echo ""
+
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_URL="http://localhost:9000/ntlm/test.git"
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_USER="foo"
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PASS="baz"
+	run_test auth_clone_and_push
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_URL
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_USER
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PASS
+
+	echo ""
+	echo "Running NTLM tests (Apache emulation)"
+	echo ""
+
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_URL="http://localhost:9000/broken-ntlm/test.git"
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_USER="foo"
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_PASS="baz"
+	run_test auth_clone_and_push
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_URL
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_USER
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_PASS
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$SKIP_NEGOTIATE_TESTS" -a -n "$GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD" ]; then
+	echo ""
+	echo "Running SPNEGO tests"
+	echo ""
+
+	if [ "$(uname -s)" = "Darwin" ]; then
+		KINIT_FLAGS="--password-file=STDIN"
+	fi
+
+	echo $GITTEST_NEGOTIATE_PASSWORD | kinit $KINIT_FLAGS test@LIBGIT2.ORG
+	klist -5f
+
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_URL="https://test.libgit2.org/kerberos/empty.git"
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_DEFAULT="true"
+	run_test auth_clone
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_URL
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_DEFAULT
+
+	echo ""
+	echo "Running SPNEGO tests (expect/continue)"
+	echo ""
+
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_URL="https://test.libgit2.org/kerberos/empty.git"
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_DEFAULT="true"
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_EXPECTCONTINUE="true"
+	run_test auth_clone
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_URL
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_DEFAULT
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_EXPECTCONTINUE
+
+	kdestroy -A
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$SKIP_SSH_TESTS" ]; then
+	echo ""
+	echo "Running ssh tests"
+	echo ""
+
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_URL="ssh://localhost:2222/$SSHD_DIR/test.git"
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_USER=$USER
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_KEY="${HOME}/.ssh/id_rsa"
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_PUBKEY="${HOME}/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_PASSPHRASE=""
+	export GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_FINGERPRINT="${SSH_FINGERPRINT}"
+	run_test ssh
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_URL
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_USER
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_KEY
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_PUBKEY
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_PASSPHRASE
+	unset GITTEST_REMOTE_SSH_FINGERPRINT
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$SKIP_FUZZERS" ]; then
+	echo ""
+	echo "##############################################################################"
+	echo "## Running fuzzers"
+	echo "##############################################################################"
+
+	ctest -V -R 'fuzzer'
+fi
+
+cleanup
+
+if [ "$SUCCESS" -ne 1 ]; then
+	echo "Some tests failed."
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+echo "Success."
+exit 0
diff --git a/cmake/AddCFlagIfSupported.cmake b/cmake/AddCFlagIfSupported.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7aaa79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/AddCFlagIfSupported.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# - Append compiler flag to CMAKE_C_FLAGS if compiler supports it
+# ADD_C_FLAG_IF_SUPPORTED(<flag>)
+#  <flag> - the compiler flag to test
+# This internally calls the CHECK_C_COMPILER_FLAG macro.
+
+INCLUDE(CheckCCompilerFlag)
+
+MACRO(ADD_C_FLAG _FLAG)
+	STRING(TOUPPER ${_FLAG} UPCASE)
+	STRING(REGEX REPLACE "[-=]" "_" UPCASE_PRETTY ${UPCASE})
+	STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^_+" "" UPCASE_PRETTY ${UPCASE_PRETTY})
+	CHECK_C_COMPILER_FLAG(${_FLAG} IS_${UPCASE_PRETTY}_SUPPORTED)
+
+	IF(IS_${UPCASE_PRETTY}_SUPPORTED)
+		SET(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} ${_FLAG}")
+	ELSE()
+		MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Required flag ${_FLAG} is not supported")
+	ENDIF()
+ENDMACRO()
+
+MACRO(ADD_C_FLAG_IF_SUPPORTED _FLAG)
+	STRING(TOUPPER ${_FLAG} UPCASE)
+	STRING(REGEX REPLACE "[-=]" "_" UPCASE_PRETTY ${UPCASE})
+	STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^_+" "" UPCASE_PRETTY ${UPCASE_PRETTY})
+	CHECK_C_COMPILER_FLAG(${_FLAG} IS_${UPCASE_PRETTY}_SUPPORTED)
+
+	IF(IS_${UPCASE_PRETTY}_SUPPORTED)
+		SET(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} ${_FLAG}")
+	ENDIF()
+ENDMACRO()
diff --git a/cmake/EnableWarnings.cmake b/cmake/EnableWarnings.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b61ed7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/EnableWarnings.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+MACRO(ENABLE_WARNINGS flag)
+	ADD_C_FLAG_IF_SUPPORTED(-W${flag})
+ENDMACRO()
+
+MACRO(DISABLE_WARNINGS flag)
+	ADD_C_FLAG_IF_SUPPORTED(-Wno-${flag})
+ENDMACRO()
+
+IF(ENABLE_WERROR)
+	IF(MSVC)
+		ADD_COMPILE_OPTIONS(-WX)
+	ELSE()
+		ADD_C_FLAG_IF_SUPPORTED(-Werror)
+	ENDIF()
+ENDIF()
diff --git a/cmake/FindCoreFoundation.cmake b/cmake/FindCoreFoundation.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..191aa59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/FindCoreFoundation.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# Find CoreFoundation.framework
+# This will define :
+#
+# COREFOUNDATION_FOUND
+# COREFOUNDATION_LIBRARIES
+# COREFOUNDATION_LDFLAGS
+#
+
+FIND_PATH(COREFOUNDATION_INCLUDE_DIR NAMES CoreFoundation.h)
+FIND_LIBRARY(COREFOUNDATION_LIBRARIES NAMES CoreFoundation)
+IF (COREFOUNDATION_INCLUDE_DIR AND COREFOUNDATION_LIBRARIES)
+	IF (NOT CoreFoundation_FIND_QUIETLY)
+		MESSAGE(STATUS "Found CoreFoundation ${COREFOUNDATION_LIBRARIES}")
+	ENDIF()
+	SET(COREFOUNDATION_FOUND TRUE)
+	SET(COREFOUNDATION_LDFLAGS "-framework CoreFoundation")
+ENDIF ()
+
+IF (CoreFoundation_FIND_REQUIRED AND NOT COREFOUNDATION_FOUND)
+	MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "CoreFoundation not found")
+ENDIF()
+
+MARK_AS_ADVANCED(
+	COREFOUNDATION_INCLUDE_DIR
+	COREFOUNDATION_LIBRARIES
+)
diff --git a/cmake/FindGSSAPI.cmake b/cmake/FindGSSAPI.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37357c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/FindGSSAPI.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+# - Try to find GSSAPI
+# Once done this will define
+#
+#  KRB5_CONFIG - Path to krb5-config
+#  GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR - Set this variable to the root installation of GSSAPI
+#
+# Read-Only variables:
+#  GSSAPI_FLAVOR_MIT - set to TURE if MIT Kerberos has been found
+#  GSSAPI_FLAVOR_HEIMDAL - set to TRUE if Heimdal Kerberos has been found
+#  GSSAPI_FOUND - system has GSSAPI
+#  GSSAPI_INCLUDE_DIR - the GSSAPI include directory
+#  GSSAPI_LIBRARIES - Link these to use GSSAPI
+#  GSSAPI_DEFINITIONS - Compiler switches required for using GSSAPI
+#
+#=============================================================================
+#  Copyright (c) 2013 Andreas Schneider <asn@cryptomilk.org>
+#
+#  Distributed under the OSI-approved BSD License (the "License");
+#  see accompanying file Copyright.txt for details.
+#
+#  This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
+#  implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+#  See the License for more information.
+#=============================================================================
+#
+
+find_path(GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR
+    NAMES
+        include/gssapi.h
+        include/gssapi/gssapi.h
+    HINTS
+        ${_GSSAPI_ROOT_HINTS}
+    PATHS
+        ${_GSSAPI_ROOT_PATHS}
+)
+mark_as_advanced(GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR)
+
+if (UNIX)
+    find_program(KRB5_CONFIG
+        NAMES
+            krb5-config
+        PATHS
+            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/bin
+            /opt/local/bin)
+    mark_as_advanced(KRB5_CONFIG)
+
+    if (KRB5_CONFIG)
+        # Check if we have MIT KRB5
+        execute_process(
+            COMMAND
+                ${KRB5_CONFIG} --vendor
+            RESULT_VARIABLE
+                _GSSAPI_VENDOR_RESULT
+            OUTPUT_VARIABLE
+                _GSSAPI_VENDOR_STRING)
+
+        if (_GSSAPI_VENDOR_STRING MATCHES ".*Massachusetts.*")
+            set(GSSAPI_FLAVOR_MIT TRUE)
+        else()
+            execute_process(
+                COMMAND
+                    ${KRB5_CONFIG} --libs gssapi
+                RESULT_VARIABLE
+                    _GSSAPI_LIBS_RESULT
+                OUTPUT_VARIABLE
+                    _GSSAPI_LIBS_STRING)
+
+            if (_GSSAPI_LIBS_STRING MATCHES ".*roken.*")
+                set(GSSAPI_FLAVOR_HEIMDAL TRUE)
+            endif()
+        endif()
+
+        # Get the include dir
+        execute_process(
+            COMMAND
+                ${KRB5_CONFIG} --cflags gssapi
+            RESULT_VARIABLE
+                _GSSAPI_INCLUDE_RESULT
+            OUTPUT_VARIABLE
+                _GSSAPI_INCLUDE_STRING)
+        string(REGEX REPLACE "(\r?\n)+$" "" _GSSAPI_INCLUDE_STRING "${_GSSAPI_INCLUDE_STRING}")
+        string(REGEX REPLACE " *-I" "" _GSSAPI_INCLUDEDIR "${_GSSAPI_INCLUDE_STRING}")
+    endif()
+
+    if (NOT GSSAPI_FLAVOR_MIT AND NOT GSSAPI_FLAVOR_HEIMDAL)
+        # Check for HEIMDAL
+        find_package(PkgConfig)
+        if (PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
+            pkg_check_modules(_GSSAPI heimdal-gssapi)
+        endif (PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
+
+        if (_GSSAPI_FOUND)
+            set(GSSAPI_FLAVOR_HEIMDAL TRUE)
+        else()
+            find_path(_GSSAPI_ROKEN
+                NAMES
+                    roken.h
+                PATHS
+                    ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/include
+                    ${_GSSAPI_INCLUDEDIR})
+            if (_GSSAPI_ROKEN)
+                set(GSSAPI_FLAVOR_HEIMDAL TRUE)
+            endif()
+        endif ()
+    endif()
+endif (UNIX)
+
+find_path(GSSAPI_INCLUDE_DIR
+    NAMES
+        gssapi.h
+        gssapi/gssapi.h
+    PATHS
+        ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/include
+        ${_GSSAPI_INCLUDEDIR}
+)
+
+if (GSSAPI_FLAVOR_MIT)
+    find_library(GSSAPI_LIBRARY
+        NAMES
+            gssapi_krb5
+        PATHS
+            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
+            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
+    )
+
+    find_library(KRB5_LIBRARY
+        NAMES
+            krb5
+        PATHS
+            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
+            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
+    )
+
+    find_library(K5CRYPTO_LIBRARY
+        NAMES
+            k5crypto
+        PATHS
+            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
+            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
+    )
+
+    find_library(COM_ERR_LIBRARY
+        NAMES
+            com_err
+        PATHS
+            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
+            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
+    )
+
+    if (GSSAPI_LIBRARY)
+        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARY}
+        )
+    endif (GSSAPI_LIBRARY)
+
+    if (KRB5_LIBRARY)
+        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
+            ${KRB5_LIBRARY}
+        )
+    endif (KRB5_LIBRARY)
+
+    if (K5CRYPTO_LIBRARY)
+        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
+            ${K5CRYPTO_LIBRARY}
+        )
+    endif (K5CRYPTO_LIBRARY)
+
+    if (COM_ERR_LIBRARY)
+        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
+            ${COM_ERR_LIBRARY}
+        )
+    endif (COM_ERR_LIBRARY)
+endif (GSSAPI_FLAVOR_MIT)
+
+if (GSSAPI_FLAVOR_HEIMDAL)
+    find_library(GSSAPI_LIBRARY
+        NAMES
+            gssapi
+        PATHS
+            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
+            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
+    )
+
+    find_library(KRB5_LIBRARY
+        NAMES
+            krb5
+        PATHS
+            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
+            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
+    )
+
+    find_library(HCRYPTO_LIBRARY
+        NAMES
+            hcrypto
+        PATHS
+            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
+            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
+    )
+
+    find_library(COM_ERR_LIBRARY
+        NAMES
+            com_err
+        PATHS
+            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
+            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
+    )
+
+    find_library(HEIMNTLM_LIBRARY
+        NAMES
+            heimntlm
+        PATHS
+            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
+            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
+    )
+
+    find_library(HX509_LIBRARY
+        NAMES
+            hx509
+        PATHS
+            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
+            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
+    )
+
+    find_library(ASN1_LIBRARY
+        NAMES
+            asn1
+        PATHS
+            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
+            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
+    )
+
+    find_library(WIND_LIBRARY
+        NAMES
+            wind
+        PATHS
+            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
+            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
+    )
+
+    find_library(ROKEN_LIBRARY
+        NAMES
+            roken
+        PATHS
+            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
+            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
+    )
+
+    if (GSSAPI_LIBRARY)
+        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARY}
+        )
+    endif (GSSAPI_LIBRARY)
+
+    if (KRB5_LIBRARY)
+        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
+            ${KRB5_LIBRARY}
+        )
+    endif (KRB5_LIBRARY)
+
+    if (HCRYPTO_LIBRARY)
+        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
+            ${HCRYPTO_LIBRARY}
+        )
+    endif (HCRYPTO_LIBRARY)
+
+    if (COM_ERR_LIBRARY)
+        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
+            ${COM_ERR_LIBRARY}
+        )
+    endif (COM_ERR_LIBRARY)
+
+    if (HEIMNTLM_LIBRARY)
+        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
+            ${HEIMNTLM_LIBRARY}
+        )
+    endif (HEIMNTLM_LIBRARY)
+
+    if (HX509_LIBRARY)
+        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
+            ${HX509_LIBRARY}
+        )
+    endif (HX509_LIBRARY)
+
+    if (ASN1_LIBRARY)
+        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
+            ${ASN1_LIBRARY}
+        )
+    endif (ASN1_LIBRARY)
+
+    if (WIND_LIBRARY)
+        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
+            ${WIND_LIBRARY}
+        )
+    endif (WIND_LIBRARY)
+
+    if (ROKEN_LIBRARY)
+        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
+            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
+            ${WIND_LIBRARY}
+        )
+    endif (ROKEN_LIBRARY)
+endif (GSSAPI_FLAVOR_HEIMDAL)
+
+include(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
+find_package_handle_standard_args(GSSAPI DEFAULT_MSG GSSAPI_LIBRARIES GSSAPI_INCLUDE_DIR)
+
+if (GSSAPI_INCLUDE_DIRS AND GSSAPI_LIBRARIES)
+    set(GSSAPI_FOUND TRUE)
+endif (GSSAPI_INCLUDE_DIRS AND GSSAPI_LIBRARIES)
+
+# show the GSSAPI_INCLUDE_DIRS and GSSAPI_LIBRARIES variables only in the advanced view
+mark_as_advanced(GSSAPI_INCLUDE_DIRS GSSAPI_LIBRARIES)
diff --git a/cmake/FindGSSFramework.cmake b/cmake/FindGSSFramework.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dcf7249
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/FindGSSFramework.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Find GSS.framework
+# This will define :
+#
+# GSSFRAMEWORK_FOUND
+# GSSFRAMEWORK_INCLUDE_DIR
+# GSSFRAMEWORK_LIBRARIES
+# GSSFRAMEWORK_LDFLAGS
+#
+
+FIND_PATH(GSSFRAMEWORK_INCLUDE_DIR NAMES GSS.h)
+FIND_LIBRARY(GSSFRAMEWORK_LIBRARIES NAMES GSS)
+IF (GSSFRAMEWORK_INCLUDE_DIR AND GSSFRAMEWORK_LIBRARIES)
+	IF (NOT CoreFoundation_FIND_QUIETLY)
+		MESSAGE(STATUS "Found GSS.framework ${GSSFRAMEWORK_LIBRARIES}")
+	ENDIF()
+	SET(GSSFRAMEWORK_FOUND TRUE)
+	SET(GSSFRAMEWORK_LDFLAGS "-framework GSS")
+ENDIF ()
+
+IF (GSS_FIND_REQUIRED AND NOT GSSFRAMEWORK_FOUND)
+	MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "CoreFoundation not found")
+ENDIF()
+
+MARK_AS_ADVANCED(
+	GSSFRAMEWORK_INCLUDE_DIR
+	GSSFRAMEWORK_LIBRARIES
+	GSSFRAMEWORK_LDFLAGS
+)
diff --git a/cmake/FindHTTP_Parser.cmake b/cmake/FindHTTP_Parser.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d92bf75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/FindHTTP_Parser.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# - Try to find http-parser
+#
+# Defines the following variables:
+#
+# HTTP_PARSER_FOUND - system has http-parser
+# HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR - the http-parser include directory
+# HTTP_PARSER_LIBRARIES - Link these to use http-parser
+# HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MAJOR - major version
+# HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MINOR - minor version
+# HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_STRING - the version of http-parser found
+
+# Find the header and library
+FIND_PATH(HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR NAMES http_parser.h)
+FIND_LIBRARY(HTTP_PARSER_LIBRARY NAMES http_parser libhttp_parser)
+
+# Found the header, read version
+if (HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR AND EXISTS "${HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR}/http_parser.h")
+	FILE(READ "${HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR}/http_parser.h" HTTP_PARSER_H)
+	IF (HTTP_PARSER_H)
+		STRING(REGEX REPLACE ".*#define[\t ]+HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MAJOR[\t ]+([0-9]+).*" "\\1" HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MAJOR "${HTTP_PARSER_H}")
+		STRING(REGEX REPLACE ".*#define[\t ]+HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MINOR[\t ]+([0-9]+).*" "\\1" HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MINOR "${HTTP_PARSER_H}")
+		SET(HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_STRING "${HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MAJOR}.${HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MINOR}")
+	ENDIF()
+	UNSET(HTTP_PARSER_H)
+ENDIF()
+
+# Handle the QUIETLY and REQUIRED arguments and set HTTP_PARSER_FOUND
+# to TRUE if all listed variables are TRUE
+INCLUDE(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
+FIND_PACKAGE_HANDLE_STANDARD_ARGS(HTTP_Parser REQUIRED_VARS HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR HTTP_PARSER_LIBRARY)
+
+# Hide advanced variables
+MARK_AS_ADVANCED(HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR HTTP_PARSER_LIBRARY)
+
+# Set standard variables
+IF (HTTP_PARSER_FOUND)
+	SET(HTTP_PARSER_LIBRARIES ${HTTP_PARSER_LIBRARY})
+	set(HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIRS ${HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR})
+ENDIF()
diff --git a/cmake/FindIconv.cmake b/cmake/FindIconv.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c66cda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/FindIconv.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# - Try to find Iconv
+# Once done this will define
+#
+# ICONV_FOUND - system has Iconv
+# ICONV_INCLUDE_DIR - the Iconv include directory
+# ICONV_LIBRARIES - Link these to use Iconv
+#
+
+IF(ICONV_INCLUDE_DIR AND ICONV_LIBRARIES)
+	# Already in cache, be silent
+	SET(ICONV_FIND_QUIETLY TRUE)
+ENDIF()
+
+FIND_PATH(ICONV_INCLUDE_DIR iconv.h)
+CHECK_FUNCTION_EXISTS(iconv_open libc_has_iconv)
+FIND_LIBRARY(iconv_lib NAMES iconv libiconv libiconv-2 c)
+
+IF(ICONV_INCLUDE_DIR AND libc_has_iconv)
+	SET(ICONV_FOUND TRUE)
+	SET(ICONV_LIBRARIES "")
+	IF(NOT ICONV_FIND_QUIETLY)
+		MESSAGE(STATUS "Found Iconv: provided by libc")
+	ENDIF(NOT ICONV_FIND_QUIETLY)
+ELSEIF(ICONV_INCLUDE_DIR AND iconv_lib)
+	SET(ICONV_FOUND TRUE)
+	# split iconv into -L and -l linker options, so we can
+	# set them for pkg-config
+	GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(iconv_path ${iconv_lib} PATH)
+	GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(iconv_name ${iconv_lib} NAME_WE)
+	STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^lib" "" iconv_name ${iconv_name})
+	SET(ICONV_LIBRARIES "-L${iconv_path} -l${iconv_name}")
+
+	IF(NOT ICONV_FIND_QUIETLY)
+		MESSAGE(STATUS "Found Iconv: ${ICONV_LIBRARIES}")
+	ENDIF(NOT ICONV_FIND_QUIETLY)
+ELSE()
+	IF(Iconv_FIND_REQUIRED)
+		MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Could not find Iconv")
+	ENDIF(Iconv_FIND_REQUIRED)
+ENDIF()
+
+MARK_AS_ADVANCED(
+	ICONV_INCLUDE_DIR
+	ICONV_LIBRARIES
+)
diff --git a/cmake/FindPCRE.cmake b/cmake/FindPCRE.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74ed61e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/FindPCRE.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2009 LuaDist.
+# Created by Peter Kapec <kapecp@gmail.com>
+# Redistribution and use of this file is allowed according to the terms of the MIT license.
+# For details see the COPYRIGHT file distributed with LuaDist.
+#	Note:
+#		Searching headers and libraries is very simple and is NOT as powerful as scripts
+#		distributed with CMake, because LuaDist defines directories to search for.
+#		Everyone is encouraged to contact the author with improvements. Maybe this file
+#		becomes part of CMake distribution sometimes.
+
+# - Find pcre
+# Find the native PCRE headers and libraries.
+#
+# PCRE_INCLUDE_DIRS	- where to find pcre.h, etc.
+# PCRE_LIBRARIES	- List of libraries when using pcre.
+# PCRE_FOUND	- True if pcre found.
+
+# Look for the header file.
+FIND_PATH(PCRE_INCLUDE_DIR NAMES pcreposix.h)
+
+# Look for the library.
+FIND_LIBRARY(PCRE_LIBRARY NAMES pcre)
+FIND_LIBRARY(PCRE_POSIX_LIBRARY NAMES pcreposix)
+
+# Handle the QUIETLY and REQUIRED arguments and set PCRE_FOUND to TRUE if all listed variables are TRUE.
+INCLUDE(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
+FIND_PACKAGE_HANDLE_STANDARD_ARGS(PCRE DEFAULT_MSG PCRE_LIBRARY PCRE_POSIX_LIBRARY PCRE_INCLUDE_DIR)
+
+# Copy the results to the output variables.
+IF(PCRE_FOUND)
+	SET(PCRE_LIBRARIES ${PCRE_LIBRARY} ${PCRE_POSIX_LIBRARY})
+	SET(PCRE_INCLUDE_DIRS ${PCRE_INCLUDE_DIR})
+ELSE(PCRE_FOUND)
+	SET(PCRE_LIBRARIES)
+	SET(PCRE_INCLUDE_DIRS)
+ENDIF(PCRE_FOUND)
+
+MARK_AS_ADVANCED(PCRE_INCLUDE_DIRS PCRE_LIBRARIES)
diff --git a/cmake/FindPCRE2.cmake b/cmake/FindPCRE2.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f8c5639
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/FindPCRE2.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2009 LuaDist.
+# Created by Peter Kapec <kapecp@gmail.com>
+# Redistribution and use of this file is allowed according to the terms of the MIT license.
+# For details see the COPYRIGHT file distributed with LuaDist.
+#	Note:
+#		Searching headers and libraries is very simple and is NOT as powerful as scripts
+#		distributed with CMake, because LuaDist defines directories to search for.
+#		Everyone is encouraged to contact the author with improvements. Maybe this file
+#		becomes part of CMake distribution sometimes.
+
+# - Find pcre
+# Find the native PCRE2 headers and libraries.
+#
+# PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIRS	- where to find pcre.h, etc.
+# PCRE2_LIBRARIES	- List of libraries when using pcre.
+# PCRE2_FOUND	- True if pcre found.
+
+# Look for the header file.
+FIND_PATH(PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIR NAMES pcre2posix.h)
+
+# Look for the library.
+FIND_LIBRARY(PCRE2_LIBRARY NAMES pcre2-8)
+
+# Handle the QUIETLY and REQUIRED arguments and set PCRE2_FOUND to TRUE if all listed variables are TRUE.
+INCLUDE(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
+FIND_PACKAGE_HANDLE_STANDARD_ARGS(PCRE2 DEFAULT_MSG PCRE2_LIBRARY PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIR)
+
+# Copy the results to the output variables.
+IF(PCRE2_FOUND)
+	SET(PCRE2_LIBRARIES ${PCRE2_LIBRARY})
+	SET(PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIRS ${PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIR})
+ELSE(PCRE2_FOUND)
+	SET(PCRE2_LIBRARIES)
+	SET(PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIRS)
+ENDIF(PCRE2_FOUND)
+
+MARK_AS_ADVANCED(PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIRS PCRE2_LIBRARIES)
diff --git a/cmake/FindPkgLibraries.cmake b/cmake/FindPkgLibraries.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49311c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/FindPkgLibraries.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+INCLUDE(FindPkgConfig)
+
+# This function will find and set up a pkg-config based module.
+# If a pc-file was found, it will resolve library paths to
+# absolute paths. Furthermore, the function will automatically
+# fall back to use static libraries in case no dynamic libraries
+# were found.
+FUNCTION(FIND_PKGLIBRARIES prefix package)
+	PKG_CHECK_MODULES(${prefix} ${package})
+	IF(NOT ${prefix}_FOUND)
+		RETURN()
+	ENDIF()
+
+	FOREACH(LIBRARY ${${prefix}_LIBRARIES})
+		FIND_LIBRARY(${LIBRARY}_RESOLVED ${LIBRARY} PATHS ${${prefix}_LIBRARY_DIRS})
+		IF(${${LIBRARY}_RESOLVED} STREQUAL "${LIBRARY}_RESOLVED-NOTFOUND")
+			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "could not resolve ${LIBRARY}")
+		ENDIF()
+		LIST(APPEND RESOLVED_LIBRARIES ${${LIBRARY}_RESOLVED})
+	ENDFOREACH(LIBRARY)
+
+	SET(${prefix}_FOUND 1 PARENT_SCOPE)
+	SET(${prefix}_LIBRARIES ${RESOLVED_LIBRARIES} PARENT_SCOPE)
+	SET(${prefix}_INCLUDE_DIRS ${${prefix}_INCLUDE_DIRS} PARENT_SCOPE)
+	SET(${prefix}_LDFLAGS ${${prefix}_LDFLAGS} PARENT_SCOPE)
+
+	MESSAGE(STATUS "  Resolved libraries: ${RESOLVED_LIBRARIES}")
+ENDFUNCTION()
diff --git a/cmake/FindSecurity.cmake b/cmake/FindSecurity.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a538c02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/FindSecurity.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Find Security.framework
+# This will define :
+#
+# SECURITY_FOUND
+# SECURITY_LIBRARIES
+# SECURITY_LDFLAGS
+# SECURITY_HAS_SSLCREATECONTEXT
+#
+
+FIND_PATH(SECURITY_INCLUDE_DIR NAMES Security/Security.h)
+FIND_LIBRARY(SECURITY_LIBRARIES NAMES Security)
+IF (SECURITY_INCLUDE_DIR AND SECURITY_LIBRARIES)
+	IF (NOT Security_FIND_QUIETLY)
+		MESSAGE(STATUS "Found Security ${SECURITY_LIBRARIES}")
+	ENDIF()
+	SET(SECURITY_FOUND TRUE)
+	SET(SECURITY_LDFLAGS "-framework Security")
+	CHECK_LIBRARY_EXISTS("${SECURITY_LIBRARIES}" SSLCreateContext "Security/SecureTransport.h" SECURITY_HAS_SSLCREATECONTEXT)
+ENDIF ()
+
+IF (Security_FIND_REQUIRED AND NOT SECURITY_FOUND)
+	MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Security not found")
+ENDIF()
+
+MARK_AS_ADVANCED(
+	SECURITY_INCLUDE_DIR
+	SECURITY_LIBRARIES
+)
diff --git a/cmake/FindStatNsec.cmake b/cmake/FindStatNsec.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4a09fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/FindStatNsec.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+INCLUDE(FeatureSummary)
+
+CHECK_STRUCT_HAS_MEMBER ("struct stat" st_mtim "sys/types.h;sys/stat.h"
+	HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIM LANGUAGE C)
+CHECK_STRUCT_HAS_MEMBER ("struct stat" st_mtimespec "sys/types.h;sys/stat.h"
+	HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMESPEC LANGUAGE C)
+CHECK_STRUCT_HAS_MEMBER("struct stat" st_mtime_nsec sys/stat.h
+	HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_MTIME_NSEC LANGUAGE C)
+
+IF (HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIM)
+	CHECK_STRUCT_HAS_MEMBER("struct stat" st_mtim.tv_nsec sys/stat.h
+		HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_NSEC LANGUAGE C)
+ELSEIF (HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMESPEC)
+	CHECK_STRUCT_HAS_MEMBER("struct stat" st_mtimespec.tv_nsec sys/stat.h
+		HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_NSEC LANGUAGE C)
+ELSE ()
+	SET( HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_NSEC ON )
+ENDIF()
+
+IF (HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_NSEC OR WIN32)
+	OPTION( USE_NSEC		"Care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes"	ON  )
+ELSE()
+	SET(USE_NSEC OFF)
+ENDIF()
+
+ADD_FEATURE_INFO(nanoseconds USE_NSEC "whether to use sub-second file mtimes and ctimes")
diff --git a/cmake/Findfutimens.cmake b/cmake/Findfutimens.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73b7952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/Findfutimens.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+INCLUDE(EnableWarnings)
+
+IF (APPLE)
+	# We cannot simply CHECK_FUNCTION_EXISTS on macOS because
+	# MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET may be set to a version in the past
+	# that doesn't have futimens.  Instead we need to enable warnings
+	# as errors, then check for the symbol existing in `sys/stat.h`,
+	# then reset warnings as errors.
+	ENABLE_WARNINGS(error)
+	CHECK_SYMBOL_EXISTS(futimens sys/stat.h HAVE_FUTIMENS)
+	DISABLE_WARNINGS(error)
+ELSE ()
+	CHECK_FUNCTION_EXISTS(futimens HAVE_FUTIMENS)
+ENDIF ()
diff --git a/cmake/FindmbedTLS.cmake b/cmake/FindmbedTLS.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9329755
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/FindmbedTLS.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+# - Try to find mbedTLS
+# Once done this will define
+#
+# Read-Only variables
+#  MBEDTLS_FOUND - system has mbedTLS
+#  MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR - the mbedTLS include directory
+#  MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_DIR - the mbedTLS library directory
+#  MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES - Link these to use mbedTLS
+#  MBEDTLS_LIBRARY - path to mbedTLS library
+#  MBEDX509_LIBRARY - path to mbedTLS X.509 library
+#  MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY - path to mbedTLS Crypto library
+#
+# Hint
+#  MBEDTLS_ROOT_DIR can be pointed to a local mbedTLS installation.
+
+SET(_MBEDTLS_ROOT_HINTS
+    ${MBEDTLS_ROOT_DIR}
+    ENV MBEDTLS_ROOT_DIR
+)
+
+SET(_MBEDTLS_ROOT_HINTS_AND_PATHS
+    HINTS ${_MBEDTLS_ROOT_HINTS}
+    PATHS ${_MBEDTLS_ROOT_PATHS}
+)
+
+FIND_PATH(MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR
+    NAMES mbedtls/version.h
+    ${_MBEDTLS_ROOT_HINTS_AND_PATHS}
+    PATH_SUFFIXES include
+)
+
+IF(MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR AND MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES)
+    # Already in cache, be silent
+    SET(MBEDTLS_FIND_QUIETLY TRUE)
+ENDIF()
+
+FIND_LIBRARY(MBEDTLS_LIBRARY
+    NAMES mbedtls libmbedtls
+    ${_MBEDTLS_ROOT_HINTS_AND_PATHS}
+    PATH_SUFFIXES library
+)
+FIND_LIBRARY(MBEDX509_LIBRARY
+    NAMES mbedx509 libmbedx509
+    ${_MBEDTLS_ROOT_HINTS_AND_PATHS}
+    PATH_SUFFIXES library
+)
+FIND_LIBRARY(MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY
+    NAMES mbedcrypto libmbedcrypto
+    ${_MBEDTLS_ROOT_HINTS_AND_PATHS}
+    PATH_SUFFIXES library
+)
+
+IF(MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR AND MBEDTLS_LIBRARY AND MBEDX509_LIBRARY AND MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY)
+     SET(MBEDTLS_FOUND TRUE)
+ENDIF()
+
+IF(MBEDTLS_FOUND)
+    # split mbedTLS into -L and -l linker options, so we can set them for pkg-config
+    GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_DIR ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARY} PATH)
+    GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_FILE ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARY} NAME_WE)
+    GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(MBEDX509_LIBRARY_FILE ${MBEDX509_LIBRARY} NAME_WE)
+    GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY_FILE ${MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY} NAME_WE)
+    STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^lib" "" MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_FILE ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_FILE})
+    STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^lib" "" MBEDX509_LIBRARY_FILE ${MBEDX509_LIBRARY_FILE})
+    STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^lib" "" MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY_FILE ${MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY_FILE})
+    SET(MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES "-L${MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_DIR} -l${MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_FILE} -l${MBEDX509_LIBRARY_FILE} -l${MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY_FILE}")
+
+    IF(NOT MBEDTLS_FIND_QUIETLY)
+        MESSAGE(STATUS "Found mbedTLS:")
+        FILE(READ ${MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR}/mbedtls/version.h MBEDTLSCONTENT)
+        STRING(REGEX MATCH "MBEDTLS_VERSION_STRING +\"[0-9|.]+\"" MBEDTLSMATCH ${MBEDTLSCONTENT})
+        IF (MBEDTLSMATCH)
+            STRING(REGEX REPLACE "MBEDTLS_VERSION_STRING +\"([0-9|.]+)\"" "\\1" MBEDTLS_VERSION ${MBEDTLSMATCH})
+            MESSAGE(STATUS "  version ${MBEDTLS_VERSION}")
+        ENDIF(MBEDTLSMATCH)
+        MESSAGE(STATUS "  TLS: ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARY}")
+        MESSAGE(STATUS "  X509: ${MBEDX509_LIBRARY}")
+        MESSAGE(STATUS "  Crypto: ${MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY}")
+    ENDIF(NOT MBEDTLS_FIND_QUIETLY)
+ELSE(MBEDTLS_FOUND)
+    IF(MBEDTLS_FIND_REQUIRED)
+        MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Could not find mbedTLS")
+    ENDIF(MBEDTLS_FIND_REQUIRED)
+ENDIF(MBEDTLS_FOUND)
+
+MARK_AS_ADVANCED(
+    MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR
+    MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_DIR
+    MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES
+    MBEDTLS_LIBRARY
+    MBEDX509_LIBRARY
+    MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY
+)
diff --git a/cmake/IdeSplitSources.cmake b/cmake/IdeSplitSources.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e2e09b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/IdeSplitSources.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# This function splits the sources files up into their appropriate
+# subdirectories.  This is especially useful for IDEs like Xcode and
+# Visual Studio, so that you can navigate into the libgit2_clar project,
+# and see the folders within the tests folder (instead of just seeing all
+# source and tests in a single folder.)
+FUNCTION(IDE_SPLIT_SOURCES target)
+	IF(MSVC_IDE OR CMAKE_GENERATOR STREQUAL Xcode)
+		GET_TARGET_PROPERTY(sources ${target} SOURCES)
+		FOREACH(source ${sources})
+			IF(source MATCHES ".*/")
+				STRING(REPLACE ${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/ "" rel ${source})
+				IF(rel)
+					STRING(REGEX REPLACE "/([^/]*)$" "" rel ${rel})
+					IF(rel)
+						STRING(REPLACE "/" "\\\\" rel ${rel})
+						SOURCE_GROUP(${rel} FILES ${source})
+					ENDIF()
+				ENDIF()
+			ENDIF()
+		ENDFOREACH()
+	ENDIF()
+ENDFUNCTION()
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/AddCFlagIfSupported.cmake b/cmake/Modules/AddCFlagIfSupported.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index b7aaa79..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/AddCFlagIfSupported.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-# - Append compiler flag to CMAKE_C_FLAGS if compiler supports it
-# ADD_C_FLAG_IF_SUPPORTED(<flag>)
-#  <flag> - the compiler flag to test
-# This internally calls the CHECK_C_COMPILER_FLAG macro.
-
-INCLUDE(CheckCCompilerFlag)
-
-MACRO(ADD_C_FLAG _FLAG)
-	STRING(TOUPPER ${_FLAG} UPCASE)
-	STRING(REGEX REPLACE "[-=]" "_" UPCASE_PRETTY ${UPCASE})
-	STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^_+" "" UPCASE_PRETTY ${UPCASE_PRETTY})
-	CHECK_C_COMPILER_FLAG(${_FLAG} IS_${UPCASE_PRETTY}_SUPPORTED)
-
-	IF(IS_${UPCASE_PRETTY}_SUPPORTED)
-		SET(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} ${_FLAG}")
-	ELSE()
-		MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Required flag ${_FLAG} is not supported")
-	ENDIF()
-ENDMACRO()
-
-MACRO(ADD_C_FLAG_IF_SUPPORTED _FLAG)
-	STRING(TOUPPER ${_FLAG} UPCASE)
-	STRING(REGEX REPLACE "[-=]" "_" UPCASE_PRETTY ${UPCASE})
-	STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^_+" "" UPCASE_PRETTY ${UPCASE_PRETTY})
-	CHECK_C_COMPILER_FLAG(${_FLAG} IS_${UPCASE_PRETTY}_SUPPORTED)
-
-	IF(IS_${UPCASE_PRETTY}_SUPPORTED)
-		SET(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} ${_FLAG}")
-	ENDIF()
-ENDMACRO()
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/CheckPrototypeDefinition.c.in b/cmake/Modules/CheckPrototypeDefinition.c.in
deleted file mode 100644
index a97344a..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/CheckPrototypeDefinition.c.in
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-@CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_HEADER@
-
-static void cmakeRequireSymbol(int dummy, ...) {
-  (void) dummy;
-}
-
-static void checkSymbol(void) {
-#ifndef @CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_SYMBOL@
-  cmakeRequireSymbol(0, &@CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_SYMBOL@);
-#endif
-}
-
-@CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_PROTO@ {
-  return @CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_RETURN@;
-}
-
-#ifdef __CLASSIC_C__
-int main() {
-  int ac;
-  char*av[];
-#else
-int main(int ac, char *av[]) {
-#endif
-  checkSymbol();
-  if (ac > 1000) {
-    return *av[0];
-  }
-  return 0;
-}
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/CheckPrototypeDefinition.cmake b/cmake/Modules/CheckPrototypeDefinition.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index 244b9b5..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/CheckPrototypeDefinition.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,96 +0,0 @@
-# - Check if the protoype we expect is correct.
-# check_prototype_definition(FUNCTION PROTOTYPE RETURN HEADER VARIABLE)
-#  FUNCTION - The name of the function (used to check if prototype exists)
-#  PROTOTYPE- The prototype to check.
-#  RETURN - The return value of the function.
-#  HEADER - The header files required.
-#  VARIABLE - The variable to store the result.
-# Example:
-#  check_prototype_definition(getpwent_r
-#   "struct passwd *getpwent_r(struct passwd *src, char *buf, int buflen)"
-#   "NULL"
-#   "unistd.h;pwd.h"
-#   SOLARIS_GETPWENT_R)
-# The following variables may be set before calling this macro to
-# modify the way the check is run:
-#
-#  CMAKE_REQUIRED_FLAGS = string of compile command line flags
-#  CMAKE_REQUIRED_DEFINITIONS = list of macros to define (-DFOO=bar)
-#  CMAKE_REQUIRED_INCLUDES = list of include directories
-#  CMAKE_REQUIRED_LIBRARIES = list of libraries to link
-
-#=============================================================================
-# Copyright 2005-2009 Kitware, Inc.
-# Copyright 2010-2011 Andreas Schneider <asn@cryptomilk.org>
-#
-# Distributed under the OSI-approved BSD License (the "License");
-# see accompanying file Copyright.txt for details.
-#
-# This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
-# implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
-# See the License for more information.
-#=============================================================================
-# (To distribute this file outside of CMake, substitute the full
-#  License text for the above reference.)
-#
-
-get_filename_component(__check_proto_def_dir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_FILE}" PATH)
-
-function(CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION _FUNCTION _PROTOTYPE _RETURN _HEADER _VARIABLE)
-
-  if ("${_VARIABLE}" MATCHES "^${_VARIABLE}$")
-    set(CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_CONTENT "/* */\n")
-
-    set(CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_FLAGS ${CMAKE_REQUIRED_FLAGS})
-    if (CMAKE_REQUIRED_LIBRARIES)
-      set(CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_LIBS
-        "-DLINK_LIBRARIES:STRING=${CMAKE_REQUIRED_LIBRARIES}")
-    else(CMAKE_REQUIRED_LIBRARIES)
-      set(CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_LIBS)
-    endif(CMAKE_REQUIRED_LIBRARIES)
-    if (CMAKE_REQUIRED_INCLUDES)
-      set(CMAKE_SYMBOL_EXISTS_INCLUDES
-        "-DINCLUDE_DIRECTORIES:STRING=${CMAKE_REQUIRED_INCLUDES}")
-    else(CMAKE_REQUIRED_INCLUDES)
-      set(CMAKE_SYMBOL_EXISTS_INCLUDES)
-    endif(CMAKE_REQUIRED_INCLUDES)
-
-    foreach(_FILE ${_HEADER})
-      set(CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_HEADER
-        "${CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_HEADER}#include <${_FILE}>\n")
-    endforeach(_FILE)
-
-    set(CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_SYMBOL ${_FUNCTION})
-    set(CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_PROTO ${_PROTOTYPE})
-    set(CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_RETURN ${_RETURN})
-
-    configure_file("${__check_proto_def_dir}/CheckPrototypeDefinition.c.in"
-      "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}${CMAKE_FILES_DIRECTORY}/CMakeTmp/CheckPrototypeDefinition.c" @ONLY)
-
-    file(READ ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}${CMAKE_FILES_DIRECTORY}/CMakeTmp/CheckPrototypeDefinition.c _SOURCE)
-
-    try_compile(${_VARIABLE}
-      ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}
-      ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}${CMAKE_FILES_DIRECTORY}/CMakeTmp/CheckPrototypeDefinition.c
-      COMPILE_DEFINITIONS ${CMAKE_REQUIRED_DEFINITIONS}
-      CMAKE_FLAGS -DCOMPILE_DEFINITIONS:STRING=${CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_FLAGS}
-      "${CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION_LIBS}"
-      "${CMAKE_SYMBOL_EXISTS_INCLUDES}"
-      OUTPUT_VARIABLE OUTPUT)
-
-    if (${_VARIABLE})
-      set(${_VARIABLE} 1 CACHE INTERNAL "Have correct prototype for ${_FUNCTION}")
-      message(STATUS "Checking prototype ${_FUNCTION} for ${_VARIABLE} - True")
-      file(APPEND ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}${CMAKE_FILES_DIRECTORY}/CMakeOutput.log
-        "Determining if the prototype ${_FUNCTION} exists for ${_VARIABLE} passed with the following output:\n"
-        "${OUTPUT}\n\n")
-    else (${_VARIABLE})
-      message(STATUS "Checking prototype ${_FUNCTION} for ${_VARIABLE} - False")
-      set(${_VARIABLE} 0 CACHE INTERNAL "Have correct prototype for ${_FUNCTION}")
-      file(APPEND ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}${CMAKE_FILES_DIRECTORY}/CMakeError.log
-        "Determining if the prototype ${_FUNCTION} exists for ${_VARIABLE} failed with the following output:\n"
-        "${OUTPUT}\n\n${_SOURCE}\n\n")
-    endif (${_VARIABLE})
-  endif("${_VARIABLE}" MATCHES "^${_VARIABLE}$")
-
-endfunction(CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION)
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/EnableWarnings.cmake b/cmake/Modules/EnableWarnings.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index b61ed7e..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/EnableWarnings.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-MACRO(ENABLE_WARNINGS flag)
-	ADD_C_FLAG_IF_SUPPORTED(-W${flag})
-ENDMACRO()
-
-MACRO(DISABLE_WARNINGS flag)
-	ADD_C_FLAG_IF_SUPPORTED(-Wno-${flag})
-ENDMACRO()
-
-IF(ENABLE_WERROR)
-	IF(MSVC)
-		ADD_COMPILE_OPTIONS(-WX)
-	ELSE()
-		ADD_C_FLAG_IF_SUPPORTED(-Werror)
-	ENDIF()
-ENDIF()
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/FindCoreFoundation.cmake b/cmake/Modules/FindCoreFoundation.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index 191aa59..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/FindCoreFoundation.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-# Find CoreFoundation.framework
-# This will define :
-#
-# COREFOUNDATION_FOUND
-# COREFOUNDATION_LIBRARIES
-# COREFOUNDATION_LDFLAGS
-#
-
-FIND_PATH(COREFOUNDATION_INCLUDE_DIR NAMES CoreFoundation.h)
-FIND_LIBRARY(COREFOUNDATION_LIBRARIES NAMES CoreFoundation)
-IF (COREFOUNDATION_INCLUDE_DIR AND COREFOUNDATION_LIBRARIES)
-	IF (NOT CoreFoundation_FIND_QUIETLY)
-		MESSAGE(STATUS "Found CoreFoundation ${COREFOUNDATION_LIBRARIES}")
-	ENDIF()
-	SET(COREFOUNDATION_FOUND TRUE)
-	SET(COREFOUNDATION_LDFLAGS "-framework CoreFoundation")
-ENDIF ()
-
-IF (CoreFoundation_FIND_REQUIRED AND NOT COREFOUNDATION_FOUND)
-	MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "CoreFoundation not found")
-ENDIF()
-
-MARK_AS_ADVANCED(
-	COREFOUNDATION_INCLUDE_DIR
-	COREFOUNDATION_LIBRARIES
-)
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/FindGSSAPI.cmake b/cmake/Modules/FindGSSAPI.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index 37357c4..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/FindGSSAPI.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,324 +0,0 @@
-# - Try to find GSSAPI
-# Once done this will define
-#
-#  KRB5_CONFIG - Path to krb5-config
-#  GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR - Set this variable to the root installation of GSSAPI
-#
-# Read-Only variables:
-#  GSSAPI_FLAVOR_MIT - set to TURE if MIT Kerberos has been found
-#  GSSAPI_FLAVOR_HEIMDAL - set to TRUE if Heimdal Kerberos has been found
-#  GSSAPI_FOUND - system has GSSAPI
-#  GSSAPI_INCLUDE_DIR - the GSSAPI include directory
-#  GSSAPI_LIBRARIES - Link these to use GSSAPI
-#  GSSAPI_DEFINITIONS - Compiler switches required for using GSSAPI
-#
-#=============================================================================
-#  Copyright (c) 2013 Andreas Schneider <asn@cryptomilk.org>
-#
-#  Distributed under the OSI-approved BSD License (the "License");
-#  see accompanying file Copyright.txt for details.
-#
-#  This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
-#  implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
-#  See the License for more information.
-#=============================================================================
-#
-
-find_path(GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR
-    NAMES
-        include/gssapi.h
-        include/gssapi/gssapi.h
-    HINTS
-        ${_GSSAPI_ROOT_HINTS}
-    PATHS
-        ${_GSSAPI_ROOT_PATHS}
-)
-mark_as_advanced(GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR)
-
-if (UNIX)
-    find_program(KRB5_CONFIG
-        NAMES
-            krb5-config
-        PATHS
-            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/bin
-            /opt/local/bin)
-    mark_as_advanced(KRB5_CONFIG)
-
-    if (KRB5_CONFIG)
-        # Check if we have MIT KRB5
-        execute_process(
-            COMMAND
-                ${KRB5_CONFIG} --vendor
-            RESULT_VARIABLE
-                _GSSAPI_VENDOR_RESULT
-            OUTPUT_VARIABLE
-                _GSSAPI_VENDOR_STRING)
-
-        if (_GSSAPI_VENDOR_STRING MATCHES ".*Massachusetts.*")
-            set(GSSAPI_FLAVOR_MIT TRUE)
-        else()
-            execute_process(
-                COMMAND
-                    ${KRB5_CONFIG} --libs gssapi
-                RESULT_VARIABLE
-                    _GSSAPI_LIBS_RESULT
-                OUTPUT_VARIABLE
-                    _GSSAPI_LIBS_STRING)
-
-            if (_GSSAPI_LIBS_STRING MATCHES ".*roken.*")
-                set(GSSAPI_FLAVOR_HEIMDAL TRUE)
-            endif()
-        endif()
-
-        # Get the include dir
-        execute_process(
-            COMMAND
-                ${KRB5_CONFIG} --cflags gssapi
-            RESULT_VARIABLE
-                _GSSAPI_INCLUDE_RESULT
-            OUTPUT_VARIABLE
-                _GSSAPI_INCLUDE_STRING)
-        string(REGEX REPLACE "(\r?\n)+$" "" _GSSAPI_INCLUDE_STRING "${_GSSAPI_INCLUDE_STRING}")
-        string(REGEX REPLACE " *-I" "" _GSSAPI_INCLUDEDIR "${_GSSAPI_INCLUDE_STRING}")
-    endif()
-
-    if (NOT GSSAPI_FLAVOR_MIT AND NOT GSSAPI_FLAVOR_HEIMDAL)
-        # Check for HEIMDAL
-        find_package(PkgConfig)
-        if (PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
-            pkg_check_modules(_GSSAPI heimdal-gssapi)
-        endif (PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
-
-        if (_GSSAPI_FOUND)
-            set(GSSAPI_FLAVOR_HEIMDAL TRUE)
-        else()
-            find_path(_GSSAPI_ROKEN
-                NAMES
-                    roken.h
-                PATHS
-                    ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/include
-                    ${_GSSAPI_INCLUDEDIR})
-            if (_GSSAPI_ROKEN)
-                set(GSSAPI_FLAVOR_HEIMDAL TRUE)
-            endif()
-        endif ()
-    endif()
-endif (UNIX)
-
-find_path(GSSAPI_INCLUDE_DIR
-    NAMES
-        gssapi.h
-        gssapi/gssapi.h
-    PATHS
-        ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/include
-        ${_GSSAPI_INCLUDEDIR}
-)
-
-if (GSSAPI_FLAVOR_MIT)
-    find_library(GSSAPI_LIBRARY
-        NAMES
-            gssapi_krb5
-        PATHS
-            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
-            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
-    )
-
-    find_library(KRB5_LIBRARY
-        NAMES
-            krb5
-        PATHS
-            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
-            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
-    )
-
-    find_library(K5CRYPTO_LIBRARY
-        NAMES
-            k5crypto
-        PATHS
-            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
-            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
-    )
-
-    find_library(COM_ERR_LIBRARY
-        NAMES
-            com_err
-        PATHS
-            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
-            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
-    )
-
-    if (GSSAPI_LIBRARY)
-        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARY}
-        )
-    endif (GSSAPI_LIBRARY)
-
-    if (KRB5_LIBRARY)
-        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
-            ${KRB5_LIBRARY}
-        )
-    endif (KRB5_LIBRARY)
-
-    if (K5CRYPTO_LIBRARY)
-        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
-            ${K5CRYPTO_LIBRARY}
-        )
-    endif (K5CRYPTO_LIBRARY)
-
-    if (COM_ERR_LIBRARY)
-        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
-            ${COM_ERR_LIBRARY}
-        )
-    endif (COM_ERR_LIBRARY)
-endif (GSSAPI_FLAVOR_MIT)
-
-if (GSSAPI_FLAVOR_HEIMDAL)
-    find_library(GSSAPI_LIBRARY
-        NAMES
-            gssapi
-        PATHS
-            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
-            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
-    )
-
-    find_library(KRB5_LIBRARY
-        NAMES
-            krb5
-        PATHS
-            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
-            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
-    )
-
-    find_library(HCRYPTO_LIBRARY
-        NAMES
-            hcrypto
-        PATHS
-            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
-            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
-    )
-
-    find_library(COM_ERR_LIBRARY
-        NAMES
-            com_err
-        PATHS
-            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
-            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
-    )
-
-    find_library(HEIMNTLM_LIBRARY
-        NAMES
-            heimntlm
-        PATHS
-            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
-            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
-    )
-
-    find_library(HX509_LIBRARY
-        NAMES
-            hx509
-        PATHS
-            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
-            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
-    )
-
-    find_library(ASN1_LIBRARY
-        NAMES
-            asn1
-        PATHS
-            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
-            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
-    )
-
-    find_library(WIND_LIBRARY
-        NAMES
-            wind
-        PATHS
-            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
-            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
-    )
-
-    find_library(ROKEN_LIBRARY
-        NAMES
-            roken
-        PATHS
-            ${GSSAPI_ROOT_DIR}/lib
-            ${_GSSAPI_LIBDIR}
-    )
-
-    if (GSSAPI_LIBRARY)
-        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARY}
-        )
-    endif (GSSAPI_LIBRARY)
-
-    if (KRB5_LIBRARY)
-        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
-            ${KRB5_LIBRARY}
-        )
-    endif (KRB5_LIBRARY)
-
-    if (HCRYPTO_LIBRARY)
-        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
-            ${HCRYPTO_LIBRARY}
-        )
-    endif (HCRYPTO_LIBRARY)
-
-    if (COM_ERR_LIBRARY)
-        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
-            ${COM_ERR_LIBRARY}
-        )
-    endif (COM_ERR_LIBRARY)
-
-    if (HEIMNTLM_LIBRARY)
-        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
-            ${HEIMNTLM_LIBRARY}
-        )
-    endif (HEIMNTLM_LIBRARY)
-
-    if (HX509_LIBRARY)
-        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
-            ${HX509_LIBRARY}
-        )
-    endif (HX509_LIBRARY)
-
-    if (ASN1_LIBRARY)
-        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
-            ${ASN1_LIBRARY}
-        )
-    endif (ASN1_LIBRARY)
-
-    if (WIND_LIBRARY)
-        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
-            ${WIND_LIBRARY}
-        )
-    endif (WIND_LIBRARY)
-
-    if (ROKEN_LIBRARY)
-        set(GSSAPI_LIBRARIES
-            ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES}
-            ${WIND_LIBRARY}
-        )
-    endif (ROKEN_LIBRARY)
-endif (GSSAPI_FLAVOR_HEIMDAL)
-
-include(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
-find_package_handle_standard_args(GSSAPI DEFAULT_MSG GSSAPI_LIBRARIES GSSAPI_INCLUDE_DIR)
-
-if (GSSAPI_INCLUDE_DIRS AND GSSAPI_LIBRARIES)
-    set(GSSAPI_FOUND TRUE)
-endif (GSSAPI_INCLUDE_DIRS AND GSSAPI_LIBRARIES)
-
-# show the GSSAPI_INCLUDE_DIRS and GSSAPI_LIBRARIES variables only in the advanced view
-mark_as_advanced(GSSAPI_INCLUDE_DIRS GSSAPI_LIBRARIES)
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/FindGSSFramework.cmake b/cmake/Modules/FindGSSFramework.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index dcf7249..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/FindGSSFramework.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-# Find GSS.framework
-# This will define :
-#
-# GSSFRAMEWORK_FOUND
-# GSSFRAMEWORK_INCLUDE_DIR
-# GSSFRAMEWORK_LIBRARIES
-# GSSFRAMEWORK_LDFLAGS
-#
-
-FIND_PATH(GSSFRAMEWORK_INCLUDE_DIR NAMES GSS.h)
-FIND_LIBRARY(GSSFRAMEWORK_LIBRARIES NAMES GSS)
-IF (GSSFRAMEWORK_INCLUDE_DIR AND GSSFRAMEWORK_LIBRARIES)
-	IF (NOT CoreFoundation_FIND_QUIETLY)
-		MESSAGE(STATUS "Found GSS.framework ${GSSFRAMEWORK_LIBRARIES}")
-	ENDIF()
-	SET(GSSFRAMEWORK_FOUND TRUE)
-	SET(GSSFRAMEWORK_LDFLAGS "-framework GSS")
-ENDIF ()
-
-IF (GSS_FIND_REQUIRED AND NOT GSSFRAMEWORK_FOUND)
-	MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "CoreFoundation not found")
-ENDIF()
-
-MARK_AS_ADVANCED(
-	GSSFRAMEWORK_INCLUDE_DIR
-	GSSFRAMEWORK_LIBRARIES
-	GSSFRAMEWORK_LDFLAGS
-)
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/FindHTTP_Parser.cmake b/cmake/Modules/FindHTTP_Parser.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index d92bf75..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/FindHTTP_Parser.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-# - Try to find http-parser
-#
-# Defines the following variables:
-#
-# HTTP_PARSER_FOUND - system has http-parser
-# HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR - the http-parser include directory
-# HTTP_PARSER_LIBRARIES - Link these to use http-parser
-# HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MAJOR - major version
-# HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MINOR - minor version
-# HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_STRING - the version of http-parser found
-
-# Find the header and library
-FIND_PATH(HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR NAMES http_parser.h)
-FIND_LIBRARY(HTTP_PARSER_LIBRARY NAMES http_parser libhttp_parser)
-
-# Found the header, read version
-if (HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR AND EXISTS "${HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR}/http_parser.h")
-	FILE(READ "${HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR}/http_parser.h" HTTP_PARSER_H)
-	IF (HTTP_PARSER_H)
-		STRING(REGEX REPLACE ".*#define[\t ]+HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MAJOR[\t ]+([0-9]+).*" "\\1" HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MAJOR "${HTTP_PARSER_H}")
-		STRING(REGEX REPLACE ".*#define[\t ]+HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MINOR[\t ]+([0-9]+).*" "\\1" HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MINOR "${HTTP_PARSER_H}")
-		SET(HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_STRING "${HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MAJOR}.${HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MINOR}")
-	ENDIF()
-	UNSET(HTTP_PARSER_H)
-ENDIF()
-
-# Handle the QUIETLY and REQUIRED arguments and set HTTP_PARSER_FOUND
-# to TRUE if all listed variables are TRUE
-INCLUDE(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
-FIND_PACKAGE_HANDLE_STANDARD_ARGS(HTTP_Parser REQUIRED_VARS HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR HTTP_PARSER_LIBRARY)
-
-# Hide advanced variables
-MARK_AS_ADVANCED(HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR HTTP_PARSER_LIBRARY)
-
-# Set standard variables
-IF (HTTP_PARSER_FOUND)
-	SET(HTTP_PARSER_LIBRARIES ${HTTP_PARSER_LIBRARY})
-	set(HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIRS ${HTTP_PARSER_INCLUDE_DIR})
-ENDIF()
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/FindIconv.cmake b/cmake/Modules/FindIconv.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index 3c66cda..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/FindIconv.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-# - Try to find Iconv
-# Once done this will define
-#
-# ICONV_FOUND - system has Iconv
-# ICONV_INCLUDE_DIR - the Iconv include directory
-# ICONV_LIBRARIES - Link these to use Iconv
-#
-
-IF(ICONV_INCLUDE_DIR AND ICONV_LIBRARIES)
-	# Already in cache, be silent
-	SET(ICONV_FIND_QUIETLY TRUE)
-ENDIF()
-
-FIND_PATH(ICONV_INCLUDE_DIR iconv.h)
-CHECK_FUNCTION_EXISTS(iconv_open libc_has_iconv)
-FIND_LIBRARY(iconv_lib NAMES iconv libiconv libiconv-2 c)
-
-IF(ICONV_INCLUDE_DIR AND libc_has_iconv)
-	SET(ICONV_FOUND TRUE)
-	SET(ICONV_LIBRARIES "")
-	IF(NOT ICONV_FIND_QUIETLY)
-		MESSAGE(STATUS "Found Iconv: provided by libc")
-	ENDIF(NOT ICONV_FIND_QUIETLY)
-ELSEIF(ICONV_INCLUDE_DIR AND iconv_lib)
-	SET(ICONV_FOUND TRUE)
-	# split iconv into -L and -l linker options, so we can
-	# set them for pkg-config
-	GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(iconv_path ${iconv_lib} PATH)
-	GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(iconv_name ${iconv_lib} NAME_WE)
-	STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^lib" "" iconv_name ${iconv_name})
-	SET(ICONV_LIBRARIES "-L${iconv_path} -l${iconv_name}")
-
-	IF(NOT ICONV_FIND_QUIETLY)
-		MESSAGE(STATUS "Found Iconv: ${ICONV_LIBRARIES}")
-	ENDIF(NOT ICONV_FIND_QUIETLY)
-ELSE()
-	IF(Iconv_FIND_REQUIRED)
-		MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Could not find Iconv")
-	ENDIF(Iconv_FIND_REQUIRED)
-ENDIF()
-
-MARK_AS_ADVANCED(
-	ICONV_INCLUDE_DIR
-	ICONV_LIBRARIES
-)
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/FindPCRE.cmake b/cmake/Modules/FindPCRE.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index 74ed61e..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/FindPCRE.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright (C) 2007-2009 LuaDist.
-# Created by Peter Kapec <kapecp@gmail.com>
-# Redistribution and use of this file is allowed according to the terms of the MIT license.
-# For details see the COPYRIGHT file distributed with LuaDist.
-#	Note:
-#		Searching headers and libraries is very simple and is NOT as powerful as scripts
-#		distributed with CMake, because LuaDist defines directories to search for.
-#		Everyone is encouraged to contact the author with improvements. Maybe this file
-#		becomes part of CMake distribution sometimes.
-
-# - Find pcre
-# Find the native PCRE headers and libraries.
-#
-# PCRE_INCLUDE_DIRS	- where to find pcre.h, etc.
-# PCRE_LIBRARIES	- List of libraries when using pcre.
-# PCRE_FOUND	- True if pcre found.
-
-# Look for the header file.
-FIND_PATH(PCRE_INCLUDE_DIR NAMES pcreposix.h)
-
-# Look for the library.
-FIND_LIBRARY(PCRE_LIBRARY NAMES pcre)
-FIND_LIBRARY(PCRE_POSIX_LIBRARY NAMES pcreposix)
-
-# Handle the QUIETLY and REQUIRED arguments and set PCRE_FOUND to TRUE if all listed variables are TRUE.
-INCLUDE(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
-FIND_PACKAGE_HANDLE_STANDARD_ARGS(PCRE DEFAULT_MSG PCRE_LIBRARY PCRE_POSIX_LIBRARY PCRE_INCLUDE_DIR)
-
-# Copy the results to the output variables.
-IF(PCRE_FOUND)
-	SET(PCRE_LIBRARIES ${PCRE_LIBRARY} ${PCRE_POSIX_LIBRARY})
-	SET(PCRE_INCLUDE_DIRS ${PCRE_INCLUDE_DIR})
-ELSE(PCRE_FOUND)
-	SET(PCRE_LIBRARIES)
-	SET(PCRE_INCLUDE_DIRS)
-ENDIF(PCRE_FOUND)
-
-MARK_AS_ADVANCED(PCRE_INCLUDE_DIRS PCRE_LIBRARIES)
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/FindPCRE2.cmake b/cmake/Modules/FindPCRE2.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index f8c5639..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/FindPCRE2.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright (C) 2007-2009 LuaDist.
-# Created by Peter Kapec <kapecp@gmail.com>
-# Redistribution and use of this file is allowed according to the terms of the MIT license.
-# For details see the COPYRIGHT file distributed with LuaDist.
-#	Note:
-#		Searching headers and libraries is very simple and is NOT as powerful as scripts
-#		distributed with CMake, because LuaDist defines directories to search for.
-#		Everyone is encouraged to contact the author with improvements. Maybe this file
-#		becomes part of CMake distribution sometimes.
-
-# - Find pcre
-# Find the native PCRE2 headers and libraries.
-#
-# PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIRS	- where to find pcre.h, etc.
-# PCRE2_LIBRARIES	- List of libraries when using pcre.
-# PCRE2_FOUND	- True if pcre found.
-
-# Look for the header file.
-FIND_PATH(PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIR NAMES pcre2posix.h)
-
-# Look for the library.
-FIND_LIBRARY(PCRE2_LIBRARY NAMES pcre2-8)
-
-# Handle the QUIETLY and REQUIRED arguments and set PCRE2_FOUND to TRUE if all listed variables are TRUE.
-INCLUDE(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
-FIND_PACKAGE_HANDLE_STANDARD_ARGS(PCRE2 DEFAULT_MSG PCRE2_LIBRARY PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIR)
-
-# Copy the results to the output variables.
-IF(PCRE2_FOUND)
-	SET(PCRE2_LIBRARIES ${PCRE2_LIBRARY})
-	SET(PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIRS ${PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIR})
-ELSE(PCRE2_FOUND)
-	SET(PCRE2_LIBRARIES)
-	SET(PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIRS)
-ENDIF(PCRE2_FOUND)
-
-MARK_AS_ADVANCED(PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIRS PCRE2_LIBRARIES)
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/FindPkgLibraries.cmake b/cmake/Modules/FindPkgLibraries.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index 49311c3..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/FindPkgLibraries.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-INCLUDE(FindPkgConfig)
-
-# This function will find and set up a pkg-config based module.
-# If a pc-file was found, it will resolve library paths to
-# absolute paths. Furthermore, the function will automatically
-# fall back to use static libraries in case no dynamic libraries
-# were found.
-FUNCTION(FIND_PKGLIBRARIES prefix package)
-	PKG_CHECK_MODULES(${prefix} ${package})
-	IF(NOT ${prefix}_FOUND)
-		RETURN()
-	ENDIF()
-
-	FOREACH(LIBRARY ${${prefix}_LIBRARIES})
-		FIND_LIBRARY(${LIBRARY}_RESOLVED ${LIBRARY} PATHS ${${prefix}_LIBRARY_DIRS})
-		IF(${${LIBRARY}_RESOLVED} STREQUAL "${LIBRARY}_RESOLVED-NOTFOUND")
-			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "could not resolve ${LIBRARY}")
-		ENDIF()
-		LIST(APPEND RESOLVED_LIBRARIES ${${LIBRARY}_RESOLVED})
-	ENDFOREACH(LIBRARY)
-
-	SET(${prefix}_FOUND 1 PARENT_SCOPE)
-	SET(${prefix}_LIBRARIES ${RESOLVED_LIBRARIES} PARENT_SCOPE)
-	SET(${prefix}_INCLUDE_DIRS ${${prefix}_INCLUDE_DIRS} PARENT_SCOPE)
-	SET(${prefix}_LDFLAGS ${${prefix}_LDFLAGS} PARENT_SCOPE)
-
-	MESSAGE(STATUS "  Resolved libraries: ${RESOLVED_LIBRARIES}")
-ENDFUNCTION()
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/FindSecurity.cmake b/cmake/Modules/FindSecurity.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index a538c02..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/FindSecurity.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-# Find Security.framework
-# This will define :
-#
-# SECURITY_FOUND
-# SECURITY_LIBRARIES
-# SECURITY_LDFLAGS
-# SECURITY_HAS_SSLCREATECONTEXT
-#
-
-FIND_PATH(SECURITY_INCLUDE_DIR NAMES Security/Security.h)
-FIND_LIBRARY(SECURITY_LIBRARIES NAMES Security)
-IF (SECURITY_INCLUDE_DIR AND SECURITY_LIBRARIES)
-	IF (NOT Security_FIND_QUIETLY)
-		MESSAGE(STATUS "Found Security ${SECURITY_LIBRARIES}")
-	ENDIF()
-	SET(SECURITY_FOUND TRUE)
-	SET(SECURITY_LDFLAGS "-framework Security")
-	CHECK_LIBRARY_EXISTS("${SECURITY_LIBRARIES}" SSLCreateContext "Security/SecureTransport.h" SECURITY_HAS_SSLCREATECONTEXT)
-ENDIF ()
-
-IF (Security_FIND_REQUIRED AND NOT SECURITY_FOUND)
-	MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Security not found")
-ENDIF()
-
-MARK_AS_ADVANCED(
-	SECURITY_INCLUDE_DIR
-	SECURITY_LIBRARIES
-)
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/FindStatNsec.cmake b/cmake/Modules/FindStatNsec.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index a4a09fa..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/FindStatNsec.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-INCLUDE(FeatureSummary)
-
-CHECK_STRUCT_HAS_MEMBER ("struct stat" st_mtim "sys/types.h;sys/stat.h"
-	HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIM LANGUAGE C)
-CHECK_STRUCT_HAS_MEMBER ("struct stat" st_mtimespec "sys/types.h;sys/stat.h"
-	HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMESPEC LANGUAGE C)
-CHECK_STRUCT_HAS_MEMBER("struct stat" st_mtime_nsec sys/stat.h
-	HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_MTIME_NSEC LANGUAGE C)
-
-IF (HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIM)
-	CHECK_STRUCT_HAS_MEMBER("struct stat" st_mtim.tv_nsec sys/stat.h
-		HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_NSEC LANGUAGE C)
-ELSEIF (HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMESPEC)
-	CHECK_STRUCT_HAS_MEMBER("struct stat" st_mtimespec.tv_nsec sys/stat.h
-		HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_NSEC LANGUAGE C)
-ELSE ()
-	SET( HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_NSEC ON )
-ENDIF()
-
-IF (HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_NSEC OR WIN32)
-	OPTION( USE_NSEC		"Care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes"	ON  )
-ELSE()
-	SET(USE_NSEC OFF)
-ENDIF()
-
-ADD_FEATURE_INFO(nanoseconds USE_NSEC "whether to use sub-second file mtimes and ctimes")
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/FindmbedTLS.cmake b/cmake/Modules/FindmbedTLS.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index 9329755..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/FindmbedTLS.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-# - Try to find mbedTLS
-# Once done this will define
-#
-# Read-Only variables
-#  MBEDTLS_FOUND - system has mbedTLS
-#  MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR - the mbedTLS include directory
-#  MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_DIR - the mbedTLS library directory
-#  MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES - Link these to use mbedTLS
-#  MBEDTLS_LIBRARY - path to mbedTLS library
-#  MBEDX509_LIBRARY - path to mbedTLS X.509 library
-#  MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY - path to mbedTLS Crypto library
-#
-# Hint
-#  MBEDTLS_ROOT_DIR can be pointed to a local mbedTLS installation.
-
-SET(_MBEDTLS_ROOT_HINTS
-    ${MBEDTLS_ROOT_DIR}
-    ENV MBEDTLS_ROOT_DIR
-)
-
-SET(_MBEDTLS_ROOT_HINTS_AND_PATHS
-    HINTS ${_MBEDTLS_ROOT_HINTS}
-    PATHS ${_MBEDTLS_ROOT_PATHS}
-)
-
-FIND_PATH(MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR
-    NAMES mbedtls/version.h
-    ${_MBEDTLS_ROOT_HINTS_AND_PATHS}
-    PATH_SUFFIXES include
-)
-
-IF(MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR AND MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES)
-    # Already in cache, be silent
-    SET(MBEDTLS_FIND_QUIETLY TRUE)
-ENDIF()
-
-FIND_LIBRARY(MBEDTLS_LIBRARY
-    NAMES mbedtls libmbedtls
-    ${_MBEDTLS_ROOT_HINTS_AND_PATHS}
-    PATH_SUFFIXES library
-)
-FIND_LIBRARY(MBEDX509_LIBRARY
-    NAMES mbedx509 libmbedx509
-    ${_MBEDTLS_ROOT_HINTS_AND_PATHS}
-    PATH_SUFFIXES library
-)
-FIND_LIBRARY(MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY
-    NAMES mbedcrypto libmbedcrypto
-    ${_MBEDTLS_ROOT_HINTS_AND_PATHS}
-    PATH_SUFFIXES library
-)
-
-IF(MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR AND MBEDTLS_LIBRARY AND MBEDX509_LIBRARY AND MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY)
-     SET(MBEDTLS_FOUND TRUE)
-ENDIF()
-
-IF(MBEDTLS_FOUND)
-    # split mbedTLS into -L and -l linker options, so we can set them for pkg-config
-    GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_DIR ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARY} PATH)
-    GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_FILE ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARY} NAME_WE)
-    GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(MBEDX509_LIBRARY_FILE ${MBEDX509_LIBRARY} NAME_WE)
-    GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY_FILE ${MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY} NAME_WE)
-    STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^lib" "" MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_FILE ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_FILE})
-    STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^lib" "" MBEDX509_LIBRARY_FILE ${MBEDX509_LIBRARY_FILE})
-    STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^lib" "" MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY_FILE ${MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY_FILE})
-    SET(MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES "-L${MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_DIR} -l${MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_FILE} -l${MBEDX509_LIBRARY_FILE} -l${MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY_FILE}")
-
-    IF(NOT MBEDTLS_FIND_QUIETLY)
-        MESSAGE(STATUS "Found mbedTLS:")
-        FILE(READ ${MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR}/mbedtls/version.h MBEDTLSCONTENT)
-        STRING(REGEX MATCH "MBEDTLS_VERSION_STRING +\"[0-9|.]+\"" MBEDTLSMATCH ${MBEDTLSCONTENT})
-        IF (MBEDTLSMATCH)
-            STRING(REGEX REPLACE "MBEDTLS_VERSION_STRING +\"([0-9|.]+)\"" "\\1" MBEDTLS_VERSION ${MBEDTLSMATCH})
-            MESSAGE(STATUS "  version ${MBEDTLS_VERSION}")
-        ENDIF(MBEDTLSMATCH)
-        MESSAGE(STATUS "  TLS: ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARY}")
-        MESSAGE(STATUS "  X509: ${MBEDX509_LIBRARY}")
-        MESSAGE(STATUS "  Crypto: ${MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY}")
-    ENDIF(NOT MBEDTLS_FIND_QUIETLY)
-ELSE(MBEDTLS_FOUND)
-    IF(MBEDTLS_FIND_REQUIRED)
-        MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Could not find mbedTLS")
-    ENDIF(MBEDTLS_FIND_REQUIRED)
-ENDIF(MBEDTLS_FOUND)
-
-MARK_AS_ADVANCED(
-    MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR
-    MBEDTLS_LIBRARY_DIR
-    MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES
-    MBEDTLS_LIBRARY
-    MBEDX509_LIBRARY
-    MBEDCRYPTO_LIBRARY
-)
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/IdeSplitSources.cmake b/cmake/Modules/IdeSplitSources.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index e2e09b4..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/IdeSplitSources.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-# This function splits the sources files up into their appropriate
-# subdirectories.  This is especially useful for IDEs like Xcode and
-# Visual Studio, so that you can navigate into the libgit2_clar project,
-# and see the folders within the tests folder (instead of just seeing all
-# source and tests in a single folder.)
-FUNCTION(IDE_SPLIT_SOURCES target)
-	IF(MSVC_IDE OR CMAKE_GENERATOR STREQUAL Xcode)
-		GET_TARGET_PROPERTY(sources ${target} SOURCES)
-		FOREACH(source ${sources})
-			IF(source MATCHES ".*/")
-				STRING(REPLACE ${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/ "" rel ${source})
-				IF(rel)
-					STRING(REGEX REPLACE "/([^/]*)$" "" rel ${rel})
-					IF(rel)
-						STRING(REPLACE "/" "\\\\" rel ${rel})
-						SOURCE_GROUP(${rel} FILES ${source})
-					ENDIF()
-				ENDIF()
-			ENDIF()
-		ENDFOREACH()
-	ENDIF()
-ENDFUNCTION()
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/PkgBuildConfig.cmake b/cmake/Modules/PkgBuildConfig.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index 1c0079e..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/PkgBuildConfig.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
-# pkg-config file generation
-#
-# Uses the following globals:
-# - PKG_BUILD_PREFIX: the build location (aka prefix). Defaults to CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX
-# - PKG_BUILD_LIBDIR: the libdir location. Defaults to ${prefix}/lib.
-# - PKG_BUILD_INCLUDEDIR: the includedir location. Defaults to ${prefix}/include.
-#
-
-function(pkg_build_config)
-    set(options)
-    set(oneValueArgs NAME DESCRIPTION VERSION FILENAME LIBS_SELF)
-    set(multiValueArgs LIBS PRIVATE_LIBS REQUIRES CFLAGS)
-
-    cmake_parse_arguments(PKGCONFIG "${options}" "${oneValueArgs}" "${multiValueArgs}" ${ARGN})
-
-    if (NOT DEFINED PKGCONFIG_FILENAME AND DEFINED PKGCONFIG_NAME)
-        set(PKGCONFIG_FILENAME ${PKGCONFIG_NAME})
-    endif()
-    if (NOT DEFINED PKGCONFIG_FILENAME)
-        message(FATAL_ERROR "Missing FILENAME argument")
-    endif()
-    set(PKGCONFIG_FILE "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PKGCONFIG_FILENAME}.pc")
-
-    if (NOT DEFINED PKGCONFIG_DESCRIPTION)
-        message(FATAL_ERROR "Missing DESCRIPTION argument")
-    endif()
-
-    if (NOT DEFINED PKGCONFIG_VERSION)
-        message(FATAL_ERROR "Missing VERSION argument")
-    endif()
-
-    if (DEFINED PKG_BUILD_PREFIX)
-        set(PKGCONFIG_PREFIX "${PKG_BUILD_PREFIX}")
-    else()
-        set(PKGCONFIG_PREFIX "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}")
-    endif()
-
-    if(DEFINED PKG_BUILD_LIBDIR)
-        if (IS_ABSOLUTE ${PKG_BUILD_LIBDIR})
-            set(PKGCONFIG_LIBDIR ${PKG_BUILD_LIBDIR})
-        else()
-            set(PKGCONFIG_LIBDIR "\${prefix}/${PKG_BUILD_LIBDIR}")
-        endif()
-    else()
-        set(PKGCONFIG_LIBDIR "\${prefix}/lib")
-    endif()
-
-    if(DEFINED PKG_BUILD_INCLUDEDIR)
-        if (IS_ABSOLUTE ${PKG_BUILD_INCLUDEDIR})
-            set(PKGCONFIG_INCLUDEDIR ${PKG_BUILD_INCLUDEDIR})
-        else()
-            set(PKGCONFIG_INCLUDEDIR "\${prefix}/${PKG_BUILD_INCLUDEDIR}")
-        endif()
-    else()
-        set(PKGCONFIG_INCLUDEDIR "\${prefix}/include")
-    endif()
-
-    # Write .pc "header"
-    file(WRITE "${PKGCONFIG_FILE}"
-        "prefix=\"${PKGCONFIG_PREFIX}\"\n"
-        "libdir=\"${PKGCONFIG_LIBDIR}\"\n"
-        "includedir=\"${PKGCONFIG_INCLUDEDIR}\"\n"
-        "\n"
-        "Name: ${PKGCONFIG_NAME}\n"
-        "Description: ${PKGCONFIG_DESCRIPTION}\n"
-        "Version: ${PKGCONFIG_VERSION}\n"
-    )
-
-    # Prepare Libs
-    if(NOT DEFINED PKGCONFIG_LIBS_SELF)
-        set(PKGCONFIG_LIBS_SELF "${PKGCONFIG_FILE}")
-    endif()
-
-    if(NOT DEFINED PKGCONFIG_LIBS)
-        set(PKGCONFIG_LIBS "-l${PKGCONFIG_LIBS_SELF}")
-    else()
-        list(INSERT PKGCONFIG_LIBS 0 "-l${PKGCONFIG_LIBS_SELF}")
-    endif()
-
-    list(REMOVE_DUPLICATES PKGCONFIG_LIBS)
-    string(REPLACE ";" " " PKGCONFIG_LIBS "${PKGCONFIG_LIBS}")
-    file(APPEND "${PKGCONFIG_FILE}" "Libs: -L\${libdir} ${PKGCONFIG_LIBS}\n")
-
-    # Prepare Libs.private
-    if(DEFINED PKGCONFIG_PRIVATE_LIBS)
-        list(REMOVE_DUPLICATES PKGCONFIG_PRIVATE_LIBS)
-        string(REPLACE ";" " " PKGCONFIG_PRIVATE_LIBS "${PKGCONFIG_PRIVATE_LIBS}")
-        file(APPEND "${PKGCONFIG_FILE}" "Libs.private: ${PKGCONFIG_PRIVATE_LIBS}\n")
-    endif()
-
-    # Prepare Requires.private
-    if(DEFINED PKGCONFIG_REQUIRES)
-        list(REMOVE_DUPLICATES PKGCONFIG_REQUIRES)
-        string(REPLACE ";" " " PKGCONFIG_REQUIRES "${PKGCONFIG_REQUIRES}")
-        file(APPEND "${PKGCONFIG_FILE}" "Requires.private: ${PKGCONFIG_REQUIRES}\n")
-    endif()
-
-    # Prepare Cflags
-    if(DEFINED PKGCONFIG_CFLAGS)
-        string(REPLACE ";" " " PKGCONFIG_CFLAGS "${PKGCONFIG_CFLAGS}")
-    else()
-        set(PKGCONFIG_CFLAGS "")
-    endif()
-    file(APPEND "${PKGCONFIG_FILE}" "Cflags: -I\${includedir} ${PKGCONFIG_CFLAGS}\n")
-
-    # Install .pc file
-    install(FILES "${PKGCONFIG_FILE}"
-        DESTINATION "${PKGCONFIG_PREFIX}/${PKGCONFIG_LIBDIR}/pkgconfig"
-    )
-endfunction()
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/SelectGSSAPI.cmake b/cmake/Modules/SelectGSSAPI.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index 857c449..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/SelectGSSAPI.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-# Select the backend to use
-
-# We try to find any packages our backends might use
-
-FIND_PACKAGE(GSSAPI)
-IF (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "Darwin")
-	INCLUDE(FindGSSFramework)
-ENDIF()
-
-# Auto-select GSS backend
-IF (USE_GSSAPI STREQUAL ON)
-	IF (GSSFRAMEWORK_FOUND)
-		SET(GSS_BACKEND "GSS.framework")
-	ELSEIF(GSSAPI_FOUND)
-		SET(GSS_BACKEND "gssapi")
-	ELSE()
-		MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Unable to autodetect a usable GSS backend."
-			"Please pass the backend name explicitly (-DUSE_GSS=backend)")
-	ENDIF()
-ELSEIF(USE_GSSAPI)
-	# Backend was explicitly set
-	SET(GSS_BACKEND ${USE_GSSAPI})
-ELSE()
-	SET(GSS_BACKEND NO)
-ENDIF()
-
-IF(GSS_BACKEND)
-	# Check that we can find what's required for the selected backend
-	IF (GSS_BACKEND STREQUAL "GSS.framework")
-		IF (NOT GSSFRAMEWORK_FOUND)
-			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Asked for GSS.framework backend, but it wasn't found")
-		ENDIF()
-
-		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_LIBS ${GSSFRAMEWORK_LIBRARIES})
-
-		SET(GIT_GSSFRAMEWORK 1)
-		ADD_FEATURE_INFO(SPNEGO GIT_GSSFRAMEWORK "SPNEGO authentication support (${GSS_BACKEND})")
-	ELSEIF (GSS_BACKEND STREQUAL "gssapi")
-		IF (NOT GSSAPI_FOUND)
-			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Asked for gssapi GSS backend, but it wasn't found")
-		ENDIF()
-
-		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_LIBS ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES})
-
-		SET(GIT_GSSAPI 1)
-		ADD_FEATURE_INFO(SPNEGO GIT_GSSAPI "SPNEGO authentication support (${GSS_BACKEND})")
-	ELSE()
-		MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Asked for backend ${GSS_BACKEND} but it wasn't found")
-	ENDIF()
-ELSE()
-	SET(GIT_GSSAPI 0)
-	ADD_FEATURE_INFO(SPNEGO NO "SPNEGO authentication support")
-ENDIF()
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/SelectHTTPSBackend.cmake b/cmake/Modules/SelectHTTPSBackend.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index c7f6b8f..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/SelectHTTPSBackend.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,124 +0,0 @@
-# Select the backend to use
-
-# We try to find any packages our backends might use
-FIND_PACKAGE(OpenSSL)
-FIND_PACKAGE(mbedTLS)
-IF (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "Darwin")
-	FIND_PACKAGE(Security)
-	FIND_PACKAGE(CoreFoundation)
-ENDIF()
-
-# Auto-select TLS backend
-IF (USE_HTTPS STREQUAL ON)
-	IF (SECURITY_FOUND)
-		IF (SECURITY_HAS_SSLCREATECONTEXT)
-			SET(HTTPS_BACKEND "SecureTransport")
-		ELSE()
-			MESSAGE(STATUS "Security framework is too old, falling back to OpenSSL")
-			SET(HTTPS_BACKEND "OpenSSL")
-		ENDIF()
-	ELSEIF (WINHTTP)
-		SET(HTTPS_BACKEND "WinHTTP")
-	ELSEIF(OPENSSL_FOUND)
-		SET(HTTPS_BACKEND "OpenSSL")
-	ELSEIF(MBEDTLS_FOUND)
-		SET(HTTPS_BACKEND "mbedTLS")
-	ELSE()
-		MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Unable to autodetect a usable HTTPS backend."
-			"Please pass the backend name explicitly (-DUSE_HTTPS=backend)")
-	ENDIF()
-ELSEIF(USE_HTTPS)
-	# HTTPS backend was explicitly set
-	SET(HTTPS_BACKEND ${USE_HTTPS})
-ELSE()
-	SET(HTTPS_BACKEND NO)
-ENDIF()
-
-IF(HTTPS_BACKEND)
-	# Check that we can find what's required for the selected backend
-	IF (HTTPS_BACKEND STREQUAL "SecureTransport")
-		IF (NOT COREFOUNDATION_FOUND)
-			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Cannot use SecureTransport backend, CoreFoundation.framework not found")
-		ENDIF()
-		IF (NOT SECURITY_FOUND)
-			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Cannot use SecureTransport backend, Security.framework not found")
-		ENDIF()
-		IF (NOT SECURITY_HAS_SSLCREATECONTEXT)
-			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Cannot use SecureTransport backend, SSLCreateContext not supported")
-		ENDIF()
-
-		SET(GIT_SECURE_TRANSPORT 1)
-		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES ${SECURITY_INCLUDE_DIR})
-		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_LIBS ${COREFOUNDATION_LDFLAGS} ${SECURITY_LDFLAGS})
-		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_LIBS ${COREFOUNDATION_LDFLAGS} ${SECURITY_LDFLAGS})
-	ELSEIF (HTTPS_BACKEND STREQUAL "OpenSSL")
-		IF (NOT OPENSSL_FOUND)
-			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Asked for OpenSSL TLS backend, but it wasn't found")
-		ENDIF()
-
-		SET(GIT_OPENSSL 1)
-		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES ${OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR})
-		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_LIBS ${OPENSSL_LIBRARIES})
-		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_LIBS ${OPENSSL_LDFLAGS})
-		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_REQUIRES "openssl")
-	ELSEIF(HTTPS_BACKEND STREQUAL "mbedTLS")
-		IF (NOT MBEDTLS_FOUND)
-			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Asked for mbedTLS backend, but it wasn't found")
-		ENDIF()
-
-		IF(NOT CERT_LOCATION)
-			MESSAGE(STATUS "Auto-detecting default certificates location")
-			IF(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES Darwin)
-				# Check for an Homebrew installation
-				SET(OPENSSL_CMD "/usr/local/opt/openssl/bin/openssl")
-			ELSE()
-				SET(OPENSSL_CMD "openssl")
-			ENDIF()
-			EXECUTE_PROCESS(COMMAND ${OPENSSL_CMD} version -d OUTPUT_VARIABLE OPENSSL_DIR OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE)
-			IF(OPENSSL_DIR)
-				STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^OPENSSLDIR: \"(.*)\"$" "\\1/" OPENSSL_DIR ${OPENSSL_DIR})
-
-				SET(OPENSSL_CA_LOCATIONS
-					"ca-bundle.pem"             # OpenSUSE Leap 42.1
-					"cert.pem"                  # Ubuntu 14.04, FreeBSD
-					"certs/ca-certificates.crt" # Ubuntu 16.04
-					"certs/ca.pem"              # Debian 7
-				)
-				FOREACH(SUFFIX IN LISTS OPENSSL_CA_LOCATIONS)
-					SET(LOC "${OPENSSL_DIR}${SUFFIX}")
-					IF(NOT CERT_LOCATION AND EXISTS "${OPENSSL_DIR}${SUFFIX}")
-						SET(CERT_LOCATION ${LOC})
-					ENDIF()
-				ENDFOREACH()
-			ELSE()
-				MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Unable to find OpenSSL executable. Please provide default certificate location via CERT_LOCATION")
-			ENDIF()
-		ENDIF()
-
-		IF(CERT_LOCATION)
-			IF(NOT EXISTS ${CERT_LOCATION})
-				MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Cannot use CERT_LOCATION=${CERT_LOCATION} as it doesn't exist")
-			ENDIF()
-			ADD_FEATURE_INFO(CERT_LOCATION ON "using certificates from ${CERT_LOCATION}")
-			ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DGIT_DEFAULT_CERT_LOCATION="${CERT_LOCATION}")
-		ENDIF()
-
-		SET(GIT_MBEDTLS 1)
-		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES ${MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR})
-		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_LIBS ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES})
-		# mbedTLS has no pkgconfig file, hence we can't require it
-		# https://github.com/ARMmbed/mbedtls/issues/228
-		# For now, pass its link flags as our own
-		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_LIBS ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES})
-	ELSEIF (HTTPS_BACKEND STREQUAL "WinHTTP")
-		# WinHTTP setup was handled in the WinHTTP-specific block above
-	ELSE()
-		MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Asked for backend ${HTTPS_BACKEND} but it wasn't found")
-	ENDIF()
-
-	SET(GIT_HTTPS 1)
-	ADD_FEATURE_INFO(HTTPS GIT_HTTPS "using ${HTTPS_BACKEND}")
-ELSE()
-	SET(GIT_HTTPS 0)
-	ADD_FEATURE_INFO(HTTPS NO "")
-ENDIF()
diff --git a/cmake/Modules/SelectHashes.cmake b/cmake/Modules/SelectHashes.cmake
deleted file mode 100644
index ce28ac2..0000000
--- a/cmake/Modules/SelectHashes.cmake
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-# Select a hash backend
-
-# USE_SHA1=CollisionDetection(ON)/HTTPS/Generic/OFF
-
-IF(USE_SHA1 STREQUAL ON OR USE_SHA1 STREQUAL "CollisionDetection")
-	SET(SHA1_BACKEND "CollisionDetection")
-ELSEIF(USE_SHA1 STREQUAL "HTTPS")
-	message(STATUS "Checking HTTPS backend… ${HTTPS_BACKEND}")
-	IF(HTTPS_BACKEND STREQUAL "SecureTransport")
-		SET(SHA1_BACKEND "CommonCrypto")
-	ELSEIF(HTTPS_BACKEND STREQUAL "WinHTTP")
-		SET(SHA1_BACKEND "Win32")
-	ELSEIF(HTTPS_BACKEND)
-		SET(SHA1_BACKEND ${HTTPS_BACKEND})
-	ELSE()
-	ENDIF()
-	IF(NOT HTTPS_BACKEND)
-		SET(SHA1_BACKEND "CollisionDetection")
-	ENDIF()
-	message(STATUS "Using SHA1 backend ${SHA1_BACKEND}")
-ELSEIF(USE_SHA1 STREQUAL "Generic")
-	SET(SHA1_BACKEND "Generic")
-# ELSEIF(NOT USE_SHA1)
-ELSE()
-	MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Invalid value for USE_SHA1: ${USE_SHA1}")
-ENDIF()
-
-IF(SHA1_BACKEND STREQUAL "CollisionDetection")
-	SET(GIT_SHA1_COLLISIONDETECT 1)
-	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DSHA1DC_NO_STANDARD_INCLUDES=1)
-	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DSHA1DC_CUSTOM_INCLUDE_SHA1_C=\"common.h\")
-	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DSHA1DC_CUSTOM_INCLUDE_UBC_CHECK_C=\"common.h\")
-	FILE(GLOB SRC_SHA1 hash/sha1/collisiondetect.* hash/sha1/sha1dc/*)
-ELSEIF(SHA1_BACKEND STREQUAL "OpenSSL")
-	# OPENSSL_FOUND should already be set, we're checking HTTPS_BACKEND
-
-	SET(GIT_SHA1_OPENSSL 1)
-	IF(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "FreeBSD")
-		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_LIBS "-lssl")
-	ELSE()
-		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_REQUIRES "openssl")
-	ENDIF()
-	FILE(GLOB SRC_SHA1 hash/sha1/openssl.*)
-ELSEIF(SHA1_BACKEND STREQUAL "CommonCrypto")
-	SET(GIT_SHA1_COMMON_CRYPTO 1)
-	FILE(GLOB SRC_SHA1 hash/sha1/common_crypto.*)
-ELSEIF(SHA1_BACKEND STREQUAL "mbedTLS")
-	SET(GIT_SHA1_MBEDTLS 1)
-	FILE(GLOB SRC_SHA1 hash/sha1/mbedtls.*)
-	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES ${MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR})
-	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_LIBS ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES})
-	# mbedTLS has no pkgconfig file, hence we can't require it
-	# https://github.com/ARMmbed/mbedtls/issues/228
-	# For now, pass its link flags as our own
-	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_LIBS ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES})
-ELSEIF(SHA1_BACKEND STREQUAL "Win32")
-	SET(GIT_SHA1_WIN32 1)
-	FILE(GLOB SRC_SHA1 hash/sha1/win32.*)
-ELSEIF(SHA1_BACKEND STREQUAL "Generic")
-	FILE(GLOB SRC_SHA1 hash/sha1/generic.*)
-# ELSEIF(NOT USE_SHA1)
-ELSE()
-	MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Asked for unknown SHA1 backend: ${SHA1_BACKEND}")
-ENDIF()
-
-ADD_FEATURE_INFO(SHA ON "using ${SHA1_BACKEND}")
diff --git a/cmake/PkgBuildConfig.cmake b/cmake/PkgBuildConfig.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54c5e29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/PkgBuildConfig.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+# pkg-config file generation
+#
+
+function(pkg_build_config)
+    set(options)
+    set(oneValueArgs NAME DESCRIPTION VERSION FILENAME LIBS_SELF)
+    set(multiValueArgs LIBS PRIVATE_LIBS REQUIRES CFLAGS)
+
+    cmake_parse_arguments(PKGCONFIG "${options}" "${oneValueArgs}" "${multiValueArgs}" ${ARGN})
+
+    if (NOT DEFINED PKGCONFIG_FILENAME AND DEFINED PKGCONFIG_NAME)
+        set(PKGCONFIG_FILENAME ${PKGCONFIG_NAME})
+    endif()
+    if (NOT DEFINED PKGCONFIG_FILENAME)
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "Missing FILENAME argument")
+    endif()
+    set(PKGCONFIG_FILE "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PKGCONFIG_FILENAME}.pc")
+
+    if (NOT DEFINED PKGCONFIG_DESCRIPTION)
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "Missing DESCRIPTION argument")
+    endif()
+
+    if (NOT DEFINED PKGCONFIG_VERSION)
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "Missing VERSION argument")
+    endif()
+
+    # Write .pc "header"
+    file(WRITE "${PKGCONFIG_FILE}"
+        "prefix=\"${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}\"\n"
+        "libdir=\"${CMAKE_INSTALL_FULL_LIBDIR}\"\n"
+        "includedir=\"${CMAKE_INSTALL_FULL_INCLUDEDIR}\"\n"
+        "\n"
+        "Name: ${PKGCONFIG_NAME}\n"
+        "Description: ${PKGCONFIG_DESCRIPTION}\n"
+        "Version: ${PKGCONFIG_VERSION}\n"
+    )
+
+    # Prepare Libs
+    if(NOT DEFINED PKGCONFIG_LIBS_SELF)
+        set(PKGCONFIG_LIBS_SELF "${PKGCONFIG_FILE}")
+    endif()
+
+    if(NOT DEFINED PKGCONFIG_LIBS)
+        set(PKGCONFIG_LIBS "-l${PKGCONFIG_LIBS_SELF}")
+    else()
+        list(INSERT PKGCONFIG_LIBS 0 "-l${PKGCONFIG_LIBS_SELF}")
+    endif()
+
+    list(REMOVE_DUPLICATES PKGCONFIG_LIBS)
+    string(REPLACE ";" " " PKGCONFIG_LIBS "${PKGCONFIG_LIBS}")
+    file(APPEND "${PKGCONFIG_FILE}" "Libs: -L\${libdir} ${PKGCONFIG_LIBS}\n")
+
+    # Prepare Libs.private
+    if(DEFINED PKGCONFIG_PRIVATE_LIBS)
+        list(REMOVE_DUPLICATES PKGCONFIG_PRIVATE_LIBS)
+        string(REPLACE ";" " " PKGCONFIG_PRIVATE_LIBS "${PKGCONFIG_PRIVATE_LIBS}")
+        file(APPEND "${PKGCONFIG_FILE}" "Libs.private: ${PKGCONFIG_PRIVATE_LIBS}\n")
+    endif()
+
+    # Prepare Requires.private
+    if(DEFINED PKGCONFIG_REQUIRES)
+        list(REMOVE_DUPLICATES PKGCONFIG_REQUIRES)
+        string(REPLACE ";" " " PKGCONFIG_REQUIRES "${PKGCONFIG_REQUIRES}")
+        file(APPEND "${PKGCONFIG_FILE}" "Requires.private: ${PKGCONFIG_REQUIRES}\n")
+    endif()
+
+    # Prepare Cflags
+    if(DEFINED PKGCONFIG_CFLAGS)
+        string(REPLACE ";" " " PKGCONFIG_CFLAGS "${PKGCONFIG_CFLAGS}")
+    else()
+        set(PKGCONFIG_CFLAGS "")
+    endif()
+    file(APPEND "${PKGCONFIG_FILE}" "Cflags: -I\${includedir} ${PKGCONFIG_CFLAGS}\n")
+
+    # Install .pc file
+    install(FILES "${PKGCONFIG_FILE}" DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/pkgconfig")
+endfunction()
diff --git a/cmake/SanitizeBool.cmake b/cmake/SanitizeBool.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5b99a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/SanitizeBool.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+FUNCTION(SanitizeBool VAR)
+	STRING(TOLOWER "${${VAR}}" VALUE)
+	IF(VALUE STREQUAL "on")
+		SET(${VAR} "ON" PARENT_SCOPE)
+	ELSEIF(VALUE STREQUAL "yes")
+		SET(${VAR} "ON" PARENT_SCOPE)
+	ELSEIF(VALUE STREQUAL "true")
+		SET(${VAR} "ON" PARENT_SCOPE)
+	ELSEIF(VALUE STREQUAL "1")
+		SET(${VAR} "ON" PARENT_SCOPE)
+	ELSEIF(VALUE STREQUAL "off")
+		SET(${VAR} "OFF" PARENT_SCOPE)
+	ELSEIF(VALUE STREQUAL "no")
+		SET(${VAR} "OFF" PARENT_SCOPE)
+	ELSEIF(VALUE STREQUAL "false")
+		SET(${VAR} "OFF" PARENT_SCOPE)
+	ELSEIF(VALUE STREQUAL "0")
+		SET(${VAR} "OFF" PARENT_SCOPE)
+	ENDIF()
+ENDFUNCTION()
diff --git a/cmake/SelectGSSAPI.cmake b/cmake/SelectGSSAPI.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a42eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/SelectGSSAPI.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+INCLUDE(SanitizeBool)
+
+# We try to find any packages our backends might use
+FIND_PACKAGE(GSSAPI)
+IF (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "Darwin")
+	INCLUDE(FindGSSFramework)
+ENDIF()
+
+IF(USE_GSSAPI)
+	# Auto-select GSS backend
+	SanitizeBool(USE_GSSAPI)
+	IF (USE_GSSAPI STREQUAL ON)
+		IF (GSSFRAMEWORK_FOUND)
+			SET(USE_GSSAPI "GSS.framework")
+		ELSEIF(GSSAPI_FOUND)
+			SET(USE_GSSAPI "gssapi")
+		ELSE()
+			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Unable to autodetect a usable GSS backend."
+				"Please pass the backend name explicitly (-DUSE_GSS=backend)")
+		ENDIF()
+	ENDIF()
+
+	# Check that we can find what's required for the selected backend
+	IF (USE_GSSAPI STREQUAL "GSS.framework")
+		IF (NOT GSSFRAMEWORK_FOUND)
+			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Asked for GSS.framework backend, but it wasn't found")
+		ENDIF()
+
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_LIBS ${GSSFRAMEWORK_LIBRARIES})
+
+		SET(GIT_GSSFRAMEWORK 1)
+		ADD_FEATURE_INFO(SPNEGO GIT_GSSFRAMEWORK "SPNEGO authentication support (${USE_GSSAPI})")
+	ELSEIF (USE_GSSAPI STREQUAL "gssapi")
+		IF (NOT GSSAPI_FOUND)
+			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Asked for gssapi GSS backend, but it wasn't found")
+		ENDIF()
+
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_LIBS ${GSSAPI_LIBRARIES})
+
+		SET(GIT_GSSAPI 1)
+		ADD_FEATURE_INFO(SPNEGO GIT_GSSAPI "SPNEGO authentication support (${USE_GSSAPI})")
+	ELSE()
+		MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Asked for backend ${USE_GSSAPI} but it wasn't found")
+	ENDIF()
+ELSE()
+	SET(GIT_GSSAPI 0)
+	ADD_FEATURE_INFO(SPNEGO NO "SPNEGO authentication support")
+ENDIF()
diff --git a/cmake/SelectHTTPSBackend.cmake b/cmake/SelectHTTPSBackend.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4998f0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/SelectHTTPSBackend.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+INCLUDE(SanitizeBool)
+
+# We try to find any packages our backends might use
+FIND_PACKAGE(OpenSSL)
+FIND_PACKAGE(mbedTLS)
+IF (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "Darwin")
+	FIND_PACKAGE(Security)
+	FIND_PACKAGE(CoreFoundation)
+ENDIF()
+
+IF(USE_HTTPS)
+	# Auto-select TLS backend
+	SanitizeBool(USE_HTTPS)
+	IF (USE_HTTPS STREQUAL ON)
+		IF (SECURITY_FOUND)
+			IF (SECURITY_HAS_SSLCREATECONTEXT)
+				SET(USE_HTTPS "SecureTransport")
+			ELSE()
+				MESSAGE(STATUS "Security framework is too old, falling back to OpenSSL")
+				SET(USE_HTTPS "OpenSSL")
+			ENDIF()
+		ELSEIF (WINHTTP)
+			SET(USE_HTTPS "WinHTTP")
+		ELSEIF(OPENSSL_FOUND)
+			SET(USE_HTTPS "OpenSSL")
+		ELSEIF(MBEDTLS_FOUND)
+			SET(USE_HTTPS "mbedTLS")
+		ELSE()
+			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Unable to autodetect a usable HTTPS backend."
+				"Please pass the backend name explicitly (-DUSE_HTTPS=backend)")
+		ENDIF()
+	ENDIF()
+
+	# Check that we can find what's required for the selected backend
+	IF (USE_HTTPS STREQUAL "SecureTransport")
+		IF (NOT COREFOUNDATION_FOUND)
+			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Cannot use SecureTransport backend, CoreFoundation.framework not found")
+		ENDIF()
+		IF (NOT SECURITY_FOUND)
+			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Cannot use SecureTransport backend, Security.framework not found")
+		ENDIF()
+		IF (NOT SECURITY_HAS_SSLCREATECONTEXT)
+			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Cannot use SecureTransport backend, SSLCreateContext not supported")
+		ENDIF()
+
+		SET(GIT_SECURE_TRANSPORT 1)
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES ${SECURITY_INCLUDE_DIR})
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_LIBS ${COREFOUNDATION_LDFLAGS} ${SECURITY_LDFLAGS})
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_LIBS ${COREFOUNDATION_LDFLAGS} ${SECURITY_LDFLAGS})
+	ELSEIF (USE_HTTPS STREQUAL "OpenSSL")
+		IF (NOT OPENSSL_FOUND)
+			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Asked for OpenSSL TLS backend, but it wasn't found")
+		ENDIF()
+
+		SET(GIT_OPENSSL 1)
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES ${OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR})
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_LIBS ${OPENSSL_LIBRARIES})
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_LIBS ${OPENSSL_LDFLAGS})
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_REQUIRES "openssl")
+	ELSEIF(USE_HTTPS STREQUAL "mbedTLS")
+		IF (NOT MBEDTLS_FOUND)
+			MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Asked for mbedTLS backend, but it wasn't found")
+		ENDIF()
+
+		IF(NOT CERT_LOCATION)
+			MESSAGE(STATUS "Auto-detecting default certificates location")
+			IF(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES Darwin)
+				# Check for an Homebrew installation
+				SET(OPENSSL_CMD "/usr/local/opt/openssl/bin/openssl")
+			ELSE()
+				SET(OPENSSL_CMD "openssl")
+			ENDIF()
+			EXECUTE_PROCESS(COMMAND ${OPENSSL_CMD} version -d OUTPUT_VARIABLE OPENSSL_DIR OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE)
+			IF(OPENSSL_DIR)
+				STRING(REGEX REPLACE "^OPENSSLDIR: \"(.*)\"$" "\\1/" OPENSSL_DIR ${OPENSSL_DIR})
+
+				SET(OPENSSL_CA_LOCATIONS
+					"ca-bundle.pem"             # OpenSUSE Leap 42.1
+					"cert.pem"                  # Ubuntu 14.04, FreeBSD
+					"certs/ca-certificates.crt" # Ubuntu 16.04
+					"certs/ca.pem"              # Debian 7
+				)
+				FOREACH(SUFFIX IN LISTS OPENSSL_CA_LOCATIONS)
+					SET(LOC "${OPENSSL_DIR}${SUFFIX}")
+					IF(NOT CERT_LOCATION AND EXISTS "${OPENSSL_DIR}${SUFFIX}")
+						SET(CERT_LOCATION ${LOC})
+					ENDIF()
+				ENDFOREACH()
+			ELSE()
+				MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Unable to find OpenSSL executable. Please provide default certificate location via CERT_LOCATION")
+			ENDIF()
+		ENDIF()
+
+		IF(CERT_LOCATION)
+			IF(NOT EXISTS ${CERT_LOCATION})
+				MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Cannot use CERT_LOCATION=${CERT_LOCATION} as it doesn't exist")
+			ENDIF()
+			ADD_FEATURE_INFO(CERT_LOCATION ON "using certificates from ${CERT_LOCATION}")
+			ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DGIT_DEFAULT_CERT_LOCATION="${CERT_LOCATION}")
+		ENDIF()
+
+		SET(GIT_MBEDTLS 1)
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES ${MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR})
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_LIBS ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES})
+		# mbedTLS has no pkgconfig file, hence we can't require it
+		# https://github.com/ARMmbed/mbedtls/issues/228
+		# For now, pass its link flags as our own
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_LIBS ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES})
+	ELSEIF (USE_HTTPS STREQUAL "WinHTTP")
+		# WinHTTP setup was handled in the WinHTTP-specific block above
+	ELSEIF (USE_HTTPS STREQUAL "OpenSSL-Dynamic")
+		SET(GIT_OPENSSL 1)
+		SET(GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC 1)
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_LIBS dl)
+	ELSE()
+		MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Asked for backend ${USE_HTTPS} but it wasn't found")
+	ENDIF()
+
+	SET(GIT_HTTPS 1)
+	ADD_FEATURE_INFO(HTTPS GIT_HTTPS "using ${USE_HTTPS}")
+ELSE()
+	SET(GIT_HTTPS 0)
+	ADD_FEATURE_INFO(HTTPS NO "")
+ENDIF()
diff --git a/cmake/SelectHashes.cmake b/cmake/SelectHashes.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..092cdfd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmake/SelectHashes.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# Select a hash backend
+
+INCLUDE(SanitizeBool)
+
+# USE_SHA1=CollisionDetection(ON)/HTTPS/Generic/OFF
+
+SanitizeBool(USE_SHA1)
+IF(USE_SHA1 STREQUAL ON)
+	SET(USE_SHA1 "CollisionDetection")
+ELSEIF(USE_SHA1 STREQUAL "HTTPS")
+	IF(USE_HTTPS STREQUAL "SecureTransport")
+		SET(USE_SHA1 "CommonCrypto")
+	ELSEIF(USE_HTTPS STREQUAL "WinHTTP")
+		SET(USE_SHA1 "Win32")
+	ELSEIF(USE_HTTPS)
+		SET(USE_SHA1 ${USE_HTTPS})
+	ELSE()
+		SET(USE_SHA1 "CollisionDetection")
+	ENDIF()
+ENDIF()
+
+IF(USE_SHA1 STREQUAL "CollisionDetection")
+	SET(GIT_SHA1_COLLISIONDETECT 1)
+	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DSHA1DC_NO_STANDARD_INCLUDES=1)
+	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DSHA1DC_CUSTOM_INCLUDE_SHA1_C=\"common.h\")
+	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DSHA1DC_CUSTOM_INCLUDE_UBC_CHECK_C=\"common.h\")
+	FILE(GLOB SRC_SHA1 hash/sha1/collisiondetect.* hash/sha1/sha1dc/*)
+ELSEIF(USE_SHA1 STREQUAL "OpenSSL")
+	# OPENSSL_FOUND should already be set, we're checking USE_HTTPS
+
+	SET(GIT_SHA1_OPENSSL 1)
+	IF(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "FreeBSD")
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_LIBS "-lssl")
+	ELSE()
+		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_REQUIRES "openssl")
+	ENDIF()
+	FILE(GLOB SRC_SHA1 hash/sha1/openssl.*)
+ELSEIF(USE_SHA1 STREQUAL "CommonCrypto")
+	SET(GIT_SHA1_COMMON_CRYPTO 1)
+	FILE(GLOB SRC_SHA1 hash/sha1/common_crypto.*)
+ELSEIF(USE_SHA1 STREQUAL "mbedTLS")
+	SET(GIT_SHA1_MBEDTLS 1)
+	FILE(GLOB SRC_SHA1 hash/sha1/mbedtls.*)
+	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES ${MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR})
+	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_LIBS ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES})
+	# mbedTLS has no pkgconfig file, hence we can't require it
+	# https://github.com/ARMmbed/mbedtls/issues/228
+	# For now, pass its link flags as our own
+	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_LIBS ${MBEDTLS_LIBRARIES})
+ELSEIF(USE_SHA1 STREQUAL "Win32")
+	SET(GIT_SHA1_WIN32 1)
+	FILE(GLOB SRC_SHA1 hash/sha1/win32.*)
+ELSEIF(USE_SHA1 STREQUAL "Generic")
+	FILE(GLOB SRC_SHA1 hash/sha1/generic.*)
+ELSE()
+	MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Asked for unknown SHA1 backend: ${USE_SHA1}")
+ENDIF()
+
+list(APPEND SRC_SHA1 "hash/sha1.h")
+list(SORT SRC_SHA1)
+
+ADD_FEATURE_INFO(SHA ON "using ${USE_SHA1}")
diff --git a/deps/chromium-zlib/CMakeLists.txt b/deps/chromium-zlib/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bbb35d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/deps/chromium-zlib/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+# CMake build script for the bundled Chromium zlib implementation. So far, it
+# is only supported for x86_64 processors with CLMUL, SSE3, SSE4.2.
+#
+# TODO: The Chromium build file (in deps/chromium-zlib/zlib/BUILD.gn) supports
+# more platforms (like ARM with NEON), more can be enabled as needed.
+
+CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 3.11)
+
+include(FetchContent)
+include(FindGit)
+
+# Ensure that the git binary is present to download the sources.
+find_package(Git)
+IF(NOT Git_FOUND)
+	message(FATAL_ERROR "git is required to download the Chromium zlib sources")
+ENDIF()
+
+FetchContent_Populate(chromium_zlib_src
+	GIT_REPOSITORY https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/third_party/zlib.git
+	GIT_TAG 2c183c9f93a328bfb3121284da13cf89a0f7e64a
+	QUIET
+)
+
+# The Chromium build globally disables some warnings.
+disable_warnings(implicit-fallthrough)
+disable_warnings(unused-function)
+disable_warnings(unused-parameter)
+disable_warnings(sign-compare)
+disable_warnings(declaration-after-statement)
+disable_warnings(missing-declarations)
+
+# -O3 is also set by the Chromium configuration and has been deemed safe enough
+# for them.
+SET(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO "-O3 -g -DNDEBUG")
+SET(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE "-O3 -DNDEBUG")
+
+# Common definitions.
+add_definitions(
+	-DSTDC
+	-DNO_GZIP
+	-DZLIB_IMPLEMENTATION
+)
+list(APPEND SRC_ZLIB
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/adler32.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/chromeconf.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/compress.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/optimizations/insert_string.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/cpu_features.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/cpu_features.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/crc32.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/crc32.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/deflate.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/deflate.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/gzclose.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/gzguts.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/gzlib.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/gzread.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/gzwrite.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/infback.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/inffast.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/inffast.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/inffixed.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/inflate.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/inftrees.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/inftrees.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/trees.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/trees.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/uncompr.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/zconf.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/zlib.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/zutil.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/zutil.h"
+)
+
+# x86_64-specific optimizations
+string(APPEND CMAKE_C_FLAGS " -mssse3 -msse4.2 -mpclmul")
+add_definitions(
+  -DCHROMIUM_ZLIB_NO_CHROMECONF
+	-DX86_NOT_WINDOWS
+	-DADLER32_SIMD_SSSE3
+	-DCRC32_SIMD_SSE42_PCLMUL
+	-DDEFLATE_FILL_WINDOW_SSE2
+	-DINFLATE_CHUNK_READ_64LE
+	-DINFLATE_CHUNK_SIMD_SSE2
+)
+list(APPEND SRC_ZLIB
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/adler32_simd.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/adler32_simd.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/optimizations/chunkcopy.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/optimizations/inffast_chunk.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/optimizations/inffast_chunk.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/optimizations/inflate.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/crc32_simd.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/crc32_simd.h"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/crc_folding.c"
+	"${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}/fill_window_sse.c"
+)
+
+list(SORT SRC_ZLIB)
+include_directories("${chromium_zlib_src_SOURCE_DIR}")
+add_library(chromium_zlib OBJECT ${SRC_ZLIB})
diff --git a/deps/http-parser/CMakeLists.txt b/deps/http-parser/CMakeLists.txt
index 4a8bafd..b9da249 100644
--- a/deps/http-parser/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/deps/http-parser/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-FILE(GLOB SRC_HTTP "*.c" "*.h")
+file(GLOB SRC_HTTP "*.c" "*.h")
+list(SORT SRC_HTTP)
 
-ADD_LIBRARY(http-parser OBJECT ${SRC_HTTP})
+add_library(http-parser OBJECT ${SRC_HTTP})
 
-ENABLE_WARNINGS(implicit-fallthrough=1)
+enable_warnings(implicit-fallthrough=1)
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/CMakeLists.txt b/deps/ntlmclient/CMakeLists.txt
index 66e96d6..3e0d2c8 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,21 +1,37 @@
-FILE(GLOB SRC_NTLMCLIENT "ntlm.c" "unicode_builtin.c" "util.c")
+FILE(GLOB SRC_NTLMCLIENT "ntlm.c" "ntlm.h" "util.c" "util.h")
+LIST(SORT SRC_NTLMCLIENT)
 
 ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DNTLM_STATIC=1)
 
 DISABLE_WARNINGS(implicit-fallthrough)
 
-IF (HTTPS_BACKEND STREQUAL "SecureTransport")
+IF(USE_ICONV)
+	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DUNICODE_ICONV=1)
+	FILE(GLOB SRC_NTLMCLIENT_UNICODE "unicode_iconv.c" "unicode_iconv.h")
+ELSE()
+	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DUNICODE_BUILTIN=1)
+	FILE(GLOB SRC_NTLMCLIENT_UNICODE "unicode_builtin.c" "unicode_builtin.h")
+ENDIF()
+
+IF(USE_HTTPS STREQUAL "SecureTransport")
 	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DCRYPT_COMMONCRYPTO)
-	SET(SRC_NTLMCLIENT_CRYPTO "crypt_commoncrypto.c")
-ELSEIF (HTTPS_BACKEND STREQUAL "OpenSSL")
+	SET(SRC_NTLMCLIENT_CRYPTO "crypt_commoncrypto.c" "crypt_commoncrypto.h")
+	# CC_MD4 has been deprecated in macOS 10.15.
+	SET_SOURCE_FILES_PROPERTIES("crypt_commoncrypto.c" COMPILE_FLAGS "-Wno-deprecated")
+ELSEIF(USE_HTTPS STREQUAL "OpenSSL")
 	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DCRYPT_OPENSSL)
 	INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR})
-	SET(SRC_NTLMCLIENT_CRYPTO "crypt_openssl.c")
-ELSEIF (HTTPS_BACKEND STREQUAL "mbedTLS")
+	SET(SRC_NTLMCLIENT_CRYPTO "crypt_openssl.c" "crypt_openssl.h")
+ELSEIF(USE_HTTPS STREQUAL "OpenSSL-Dynamic")
+	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DCRYPT_OPENSSL)
+	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DCRYPT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC)
+	SET(SRC_NTLMCLIENT_CRYPTO "crypt_openssl.c" "crypt_openssl.h")
+ELSEIF(USE_HTTPS STREQUAL "mbedTLS")
 	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DCRYPT_MBEDTLS)
-	SET(SRC_NTLMCLIENT_CRYPTO "crypt_mbedtls.c")
-ELSE ()
-	MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Unable to use libgit2's HTTPS backend (${HTTPS_BACKEND}) for NTLM crypto")
+	INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${MBEDTLS_INCLUDE_DIR})
+	SET(SRC_NTLMCLIENT_CRYPTO "crypt_mbedtls.c" "crypt_mbedtls.h")
+ELSE()
+	MESSAGE(FATAL_ERROR "Unable to use libgit2's HTTPS backend (${USE_HTTPS}) for NTLM crypto")
 ENDIF()
 
-ADD_LIBRARY(ntlmclient OBJECT ${SRC_NTLMCLIENT} ${SRC_NTLMCLIENT_CRYPTO})
+ADD_LIBRARY(ntlmclient OBJECT ${SRC_NTLMCLIENT} ${SRC_NTLMCLIENT_UNICODE} ${SRC_NTLMCLIENT_CRYPTO})
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/compat.h b/deps/ntlmclient/compat.h
index efdf345..befc7cc 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/compat.h
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/compat.h
@@ -21,11 +21,6 @@
 # include <stdbool.h>
 #endif
 
-#ifdef __linux__
-# include <endian.h>
-# define htonll htobe64
-#endif
-
 #ifndef MIN
 # define MIN(x, y) (((x) < (y)) ? (x) : (y))
 #endif
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/crypt.h b/deps/ntlmclient/crypt.h
index 48be399..4ad543e 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/crypt.h
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/crypt.h
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@
 #ifndef PRIVATE_CRYPT_COMMON_H__
 #define PRIVATE_CRYPT_COMMON_H__
 
+#include "ntlmclient.h"
+#include "ntlm.h"
+
 #if defined(CRYPT_OPENSSL)
 # include "crypt_openssl.h"
 #elif defined(CRYPT_MBEDTLS)
@@ -25,40 +28,42 @@
 
 typedef unsigned char ntlm_des_block[CRYPT_DES_BLOCKSIZE];
 
+typedef struct ntlm_crypt_ctx ntlm_crypt_ctx;
+
+extern bool ntlm_crypt_init(ntlm_client *ntlm);
+
 extern bool ntlm_random_bytes(
-	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	unsigned char *out,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	size_t len);
 
 extern bool ntlm_des_encrypt(
 	ntlm_des_block *out,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	ntlm_des_block *plaintext,
 	ntlm_des_block *key);
 
 extern bool ntlm_md4_digest(
 	unsigned char out[CRYPT_MD4_DIGESTSIZE],
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const unsigned char *in,
 	size_t in_len);
 
-extern ntlm_hmac_ctx *ntlm_hmac_ctx_init(void);
-
-extern bool ntlm_hmac_ctx_reset(ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx);
-
 extern bool ntlm_hmac_md5_init(
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const unsigned char *key,
 	size_t key_len);
 
 extern bool ntlm_hmac_md5_update(
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const unsigned char *data,
 	size_t data_len);
 
 extern bool ntlm_hmac_md5_final(
 	unsigned char *out,
 	size_t *out_len,
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx);
+	ntlm_client *ntlm);
 
-extern void ntlm_hmac_ctx_free(ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx);
+extern void ntlm_crypt_shutdown(ntlm_client *ntlm);
 
 #endif /* PRIVATE_CRYPT_COMMON_H__ */
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_commoncrypto.c b/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_commoncrypto.c
index 54a0f09..4ff57ed 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_commoncrypto.c
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_commoncrypto.c
@@ -18,9 +18,15 @@
 #include "ntlm.h"
 #include "crypt.h"
 
+bool ntlm_crypt_init(ntlm_client *ntlm)
+{
+	memset(&ntlm->crypt_ctx, 0, sizeof(ntlm_crypt_ctx));
+	return true;
+}
+
 bool ntlm_random_bytes(
-	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	unsigned char *out,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	size_t len)
 {
 	int fd, ret;
@@ -49,11 +55,14 @@ bool ntlm_random_bytes(
 
 bool ntlm_des_encrypt(
 	ntlm_des_block *out,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	ntlm_des_block *plaintext,
 	ntlm_des_block *key)
 {
 	size_t written;
 
+	NTLM_UNUSED(ntlm);
+
 	CCCryptorStatus result = CCCrypt(kCCEncrypt,
 		kCCAlgorithmDES, kCCOptionECBMode,
 		key, sizeof(ntlm_des_block), NULL,
@@ -65,56 +74,47 @@ bool ntlm_des_encrypt(
 
 bool ntlm_md4_digest(
 	unsigned char out[CRYPT_MD4_DIGESTSIZE],
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const unsigned char *in,
 	size_t in_len)
 {
+	NTLM_UNUSED(ntlm);
 	return !!CC_MD4(in, in_len, out);
 }
 
-ntlm_hmac_ctx *ntlm_hmac_ctx_init(void)
-{
-	return calloc(1, sizeof(ntlm_hmac_ctx));
-}
-
-bool ntlm_hmac_ctx_reset(ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx)
-{
-	memset(ctx, 0, sizeof(ntlm_hmac_ctx));
-	return true;
-}
-
 bool ntlm_hmac_md5_init(
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const unsigned char *key,
 	size_t key_len)
 {
-	CCHmacInit(&ctx->native, kCCHmacAlgMD5, key, key_len);
+	CCHmacInit(&ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac, kCCHmacAlgMD5, key, key_len);
 	return true;
 }
 
 bool ntlm_hmac_md5_update(
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const unsigned char *data,
 	size_t data_len)
 {
-	CCHmacUpdate(&ctx->native, data, data_len);
+	CCHmacUpdate(&ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac, data, data_len);
 	return true;
 }
 
 bool ntlm_hmac_md5_final(
 	unsigned char *out,
 	size_t *out_len,
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx)
+	ntlm_client *ntlm)
 {
 	if (*out_len < CRYPT_MD5_DIGESTSIZE)
 		return false;
 
-	CCHmacFinal(&ctx->native, out);
+	CCHmacFinal(&ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac, out);
 
 	*out_len = CRYPT_MD5_DIGESTSIZE;
 	return true;
 }
 
-void ntlm_hmac_ctx_free(ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx)
+void ntlm_crypt_shutdown(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 {
-	free(ctx);
+	NTLM_UNUSED(ntlm);
 }
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_commoncrypto.h b/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_commoncrypto.h
index e4075c9..e4df91d 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_commoncrypto.h
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_commoncrypto.h
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@
 
 #include <CommonCrypto/CommonCrypto.h>
 
-typedef struct {
-	CCHmacContext native;
-} ntlm_hmac_ctx;
+struct ntlm_crypt_ctx {
+	CCHmacContext hmac;
+};
 
 #endif /* PRIVATE_CRYPT_COMMONCRYPTO_H__ */
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_mbedtls.c b/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_mbedtls.c
index bbab02d..6283c3e 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_mbedtls.c
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_mbedtls.c
@@ -17,9 +17,24 @@
 #include "ntlm.h"
 #include "crypt.h"
 
+bool ntlm_crypt_init(ntlm_client *ntlm)
+{
+	const mbedtls_md_info_t *info = mbedtls_md_info_from_type(MBEDTLS_MD_MD5);
+
+	mbedtls_md_init(&ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac);
+
+	if (mbedtls_md_setup(&ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac, info, 1) != 0) {
+		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "could not setup mbedtls digest");
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+
 bool ntlm_random_bytes(
-	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	unsigned char *out,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	size_t len)
 {
 	mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context ctr_drbg;
@@ -51,6 +66,7 @@ bool ntlm_random_bytes(
 
 bool ntlm_des_encrypt(
 	ntlm_des_block *out,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	ntlm_des_block *plaintext,
 	ntlm_des_block *key)
 {
@@ -60,8 +76,10 @@ bool ntlm_des_encrypt(
 	mbedtls_des_init(&ctx);
 
 	if (mbedtls_des_setkey_enc(&ctx, *key) ||
-		mbedtls_des_crypt_ecb(&ctx, *plaintext, *out))
+	    mbedtls_des_crypt_ecb(&ctx, *plaintext, *out)) {
+		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "DES encryption failed");
 		goto done;
+	}
 
 	success = true;
 
@@ -72,11 +90,14 @@ done:
 
 bool ntlm_md4_digest(
 	unsigned char out[CRYPT_MD4_DIGESTSIZE],
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const unsigned char *in,
 	size_t in_len)
 {
 	mbedtls_md4_context ctx;
 
+	NTLM_UNUSED(ntlm);
+
 	mbedtls_md4_init(&ctx);
 	mbedtls_md4_starts(&ctx);
 	mbedtls_md4_update(&ctx, in, in_len);
@@ -86,60 +107,40 @@ bool ntlm_md4_digest(
 	return true;
 }
 
-ntlm_hmac_ctx *ntlm_hmac_ctx_init(void)
-{
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx;
-	const mbedtls_md_info_t *info = mbedtls_md_info_from_type(MBEDTLS_MD_MD5);
-
-	if ((ctx = calloc(1, sizeof(ntlm_hmac_ctx))) == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-
-	mbedtls_md_init(&ctx->mbed);
-
-	if (mbedtls_md_setup(&ctx->mbed, info, 1) != 0) {
-		free(ctx);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	return ctx;
-}
-
-bool ntlm_hmac_ctx_reset(ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx)
-{
-	return !mbedtls_md_hmac_reset(&ctx->mbed);
-}
-
 bool ntlm_hmac_md5_init(
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const unsigned char *key,
 	size_t key_len)
 {
-	return !mbedtls_md_hmac_starts(&ctx->mbed, key, key_len);
+	if (ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_initialized) {
+		if (mbedtls_md_hmac_reset(&ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac))
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_initialized = !mbedtls_md_hmac_starts(&ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac, key, key_len);
+	return ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_initialized;
 }
 
 bool ntlm_hmac_md5_update(
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const unsigned char *in,
 	size_t in_len)
 {
-	return !mbedtls_md_hmac_update(&ctx->mbed, in, in_len);
+	return !mbedtls_md_hmac_update(&ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac, in, in_len);
 }
 
 bool ntlm_hmac_md5_final(
 	unsigned char *out,
 	size_t *out_len,
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx)
+	ntlm_client *ntlm)
 {
 	if (*out_len < CRYPT_MD5_DIGESTSIZE)
 		return false;
 
-	return !mbedtls_md_hmac_finish(&ctx->mbed, out);
+	return !mbedtls_md_hmac_finish(&ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac, out);
 }
 
-void ntlm_hmac_ctx_free(ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx)
+void ntlm_crypt_shutdown(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 {
-	if (ctx) {
-		mbedtls_md_free(&ctx->mbed);
-		free(ctx);
-	}
+	mbedtls_md_free(&ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac);
 }
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_mbedtls.h b/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_mbedtls.h
index eb49a45..2fc8503 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_mbedtls.h
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_mbedtls.h
@@ -11,8 +11,9 @@
 
 #include "mbedtls/md.h"
 
-typedef struct {
-	mbedtls_md_context_t mbed;
-} ntlm_hmac_ctx;
+struct ntlm_crypt_ctx {
+	mbedtls_md_context_t hmac;
+	unsigned int hmac_initialized : 1;
+};
 
 #endif /* PRIVATE_CRYPT_MBEDTLS_H__ */
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_openssl.c b/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_openssl.c
index 785be10..463eae4 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_openssl.c
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_openssl.c
@@ -9,26 +9,166 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#include <openssl/rand.h>
-#include <openssl/des.h>
-#include <openssl/md4.h>
-#include <openssl/hmac.h>
-#include <openssl/err.h>
+#ifdef CRYPT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC
+# include <dlfcn.h>
+#else
+# include <openssl/rand.h>
+# include <openssl/des.h>
+# include <openssl/md4.h>
+# include <openssl/hmac.h>
+# include <openssl/err.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "ntlm.h"
 #include "compat.h"
 #include "util.h"
 #include "crypt.h"
 
+#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L || defined(CRYPT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC)
+
+static inline HMAC_CTX *HMAC_CTX_new(void)
+{
+	return calloc(1, sizeof(HMAC_CTX));
+}
+
+static inline int HMAC_CTX_reset(HMAC_CTX *ctx)
+{
+	ntlm_memzero(ctx, sizeof(HMAC_CTX));
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static inline void HMAC_CTX_free(HMAC_CTX *ctx)
+{
+	free(ctx);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10100000L || defined(CRYPT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC)
+
+static inline void HMAC_CTX_cleanup(HMAC_CTX *ctx)
+{
+	NTLM_UNUSED(ctx);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+
+#ifdef CRYPT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC
+
+static bool ntlm_crypt_init_functions(ntlm_client *ntlm)
+{
+	void *handle;
+
+	if ((handle = dlopen("libssl.so.1.1", RTLD_NOW)) == NULL &&
+	    (handle = dlopen("libssl.1.1.dylib", RTLD_NOW)) == NULL &&
+	    (handle = dlopen("libssl.so.1.0.0", RTLD_NOW)) == NULL &&
+	    (handle = dlopen("libssl.1.0.0.dylib", RTLD_NOW)) == NULL &&
+	    (handle = dlopen("libssl.so.10", RTLD_NOW)) == NULL) {
+		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "could not open libssl");
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.des_set_key_fn = dlsym(handle, "DES_set_key");
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.des_ecb_encrypt_fn = dlsym(handle, "DES_ecb_encrypt");
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.err_get_error_fn = dlsym(handle, "ERR_get_error");
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.err_lib_error_string_fn = dlsym(handle, "ERR_lib_error_string");
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.evp_md5_fn = dlsym(handle, "EVP_md5");
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_new_fn = dlsym(handle, "HMAC_CTX_new");
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_free_fn = dlsym(handle, "HMAC_CTX_free");
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_reset_fn = dlsym(handle, "HMAC_CTX_reset");
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_init_ex_fn = dlsym(handle, "HMAC_Init_ex");
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_update_fn = dlsym(handle, "HMAC_Update");
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_final_fn = dlsym(handle, "HMAC_Final");
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.md4_fn = dlsym(handle, "MD4");
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.rand_bytes_fn = dlsym(handle, "RAND_bytes");
+
+	if (!ntlm->crypt_ctx.des_set_key_fn ||
+	    !ntlm->crypt_ctx.des_ecb_encrypt_fn ||
+	    !ntlm->crypt_ctx.err_get_error_fn ||
+	    !ntlm->crypt_ctx.err_lib_error_string_fn ||
+	    !ntlm->crypt_ctx.evp_md5_fn ||
+	    !ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_init_ex_fn ||
+	    !ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_update_fn ||
+	    !ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_final_fn ||
+	    !ntlm->crypt_ctx.md4_fn ||
+	    !ntlm->crypt_ctx.rand_bytes_fn) {
+		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "could not load libssl functions");
+		dlclose(handle);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/* Toggle legacy HMAC context functions */
+	if (ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_new_fn &&
+	    ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_free_fn &&
+	    ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_reset_fn) {
+		ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_cleanup_fn = HMAC_CTX_cleanup;
+	} else {
+		ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_cleanup_fn = dlsym(handle, "HMAC_CTX_cleanup");
+
+		if (!ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_cleanup_fn) {
+			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "could not load legacy libssl functions");
+			dlclose(handle);
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_new_fn = HMAC_CTX_new;
+		ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_free_fn = HMAC_CTX_free;
+		ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_reset_fn = HMAC_CTX_reset;
+	}
+
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.openssl_handle = handle;
+	return true;
+}
+
+#else /* CRYPT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC */
+
+static bool ntlm_crypt_init_functions(ntlm_client *ntlm)
+{
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.des_set_key_fn = DES_set_key;
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.des_ecb_encrypt_fn = DES_ecb_encrypt;
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.err_get_error_fn = ERR_get_error;
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.err_lib_error_string_fn = ERR_lib_error_string;
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.evp_md5_fn = EVP_md5;
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_new_fn = HMAC_CTX_new;
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_free_fn = HMAC_CTX_free;
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_reset_fn = HMAC_CTX_reset;
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_cleanup_fn = HMAC_CTX_cleanup;
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_init_ex_fn = HMAC_Init_ex;
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_update_fn = HMAC_Update;
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_final_fn = HMAC_Final;
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.md4_fn = MD4;
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.rand_bytes_fn = RAND_bytes;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+#endif /* CRYPT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC */
+
+bool ntlm_crypt_init(ntlm_client *ntlm)
+{
+	if (!ntlm_crypt_init_functions(ntlm))
+		return false;
+
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac = ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_new_fn();
+
+	if (ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac == NULL) {
+		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "out of memory");
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 bool ntlm_random_bytes(
-	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	unsigned char *out,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	size_t len)
 {
-	int rc = RAND_bytes(out, len);
+	int rc = ntlm->crypt_ctx.rand_bytes_fn(out, len);
 
 	if (rc != 1) {
-		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, ERR_lib_error_string(ERR_get_error()));
+		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, ntlm->crypt_ctx.err_lib_error_string_fn(ntlm->crypt_ctx.err_get_error_fn()));
 		return false;
 	}
 
@@ -37,94 +177,81 @@ bool ntlm_random_bytes(
 
 bool ntlm_des_encrypt(
 	ntlm_des_block *out,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	ntlm_des_block *plaintext,
 	ntlm_des_block *key)
 {
 	DES_key_schedule keysched;
 
+	NTLM_UNUSED(ntlm);
+
 	memset(out, 0, sizeof(ntlm_des_block));
 
-	DES_set_key(key, &keysched);
-	DES_ecb_encrypt(plaintext, out, &keysched, DES_ENCRYPT);
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.des_set_key_fn(key, &keysched);
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.des_ecb_encrypt_fn(plaintext, out, &keysched, DES_ENCRYPT);
 
 	return true;
 }
 
 bool ntlm_md4_digest(
 	unsigned char out[CRYPT_MD4_DIGESTSIZE],
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const unsigned char *in,
 	size_t in_len)
 {
-	MD4(in, in_len, out);
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.md4_fn(in, in_len, out);
 	return true;
 }
 
-#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L
-static inline void HMAC_CTX_free(HMAC_CTX *ctx)
-{
-	if (ctx)
-		HMAC_CTX_cleanup(ctx);
-
-	free(ctx);
-}
-
-static inline int HMAC_CTX_reset(HMAC_CTX *ctx)
-{
-	HMAC_CTX_cleanup(ctx);
-	memzero(ctx, sizeof(HMAC_CTX));
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static inline HMAC_CTX *HMAC_CTX_new(void)
-{
-	return calloc(1, sizeof(HMAC_CTX));
-}
-#endif
-
-ntlm_hmac_ctx *ntlm_hmac_ctx_init(void)
-{
-	return HMAC_CTX_new();
-}
-
-bool ntlm_hmac_ctx_reset(ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx)
-{
-	return HMAC_CTX_reset(ctx);
-}
-
 bool ntlm_hmac_md5_init(
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const unsigned char *key,
 	size_t key_len)
 {
-	return HMAC_Init_ex(ctx, key, key_len, EVP_md5(), NULL);
+	const EVP_MD *md5 = ntlm->crypt_ctx.evp_md5_fn();
+
+	ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_cleanup_fn(ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac);
+
+	return ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_reset_fn(ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac) &&
+	       ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_init_ex_fn(ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac, key, key_len, md5, NULL);
 }
 
 bool ntlm_hmac_md5_update(
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const unsigned char *in,
 	size_t in_len)
 {
-	return HMAC_Update(ctx, in, in_len);
+	return ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_update_fn(ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac, in, in_len);
 }
 
 bool ntlm_hmac_md5_final(
 	unsigned char *out,
 	size_t *out_len,
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx)
+	ntlm_client *ntlm)
 {
 	unsigned int len;
 
 	if (*out_len < CRYPT_MD5_DIGESTSIZE)
 		return false;
 
-	if (!HMAC_Final(ctx, out, &len))
+	if (!ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_final_fn(ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac, out, &len))
 		return false;
 
 	*out_len = len;
 	return true;
 }
 
-void ntlm_hmac_ctx_free(ntlm_hmac_ctx *ctx)
+void ntlm_crypt_shutdown(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 {
-	HMAC_CTX_free(ctx);
+	if (ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac) {
+		ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_cleanup_fn(ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac);
+		ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac_ctx_free_fn(ntlm->crypt_ctx.hmac);
+	}
+
+#ifdef CRYPT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC
+	if (ntlm->crypt_ctx.openssl_handle)
+		dlclose(ntlm->crypt_ctx.openssl_handle);
+#endif
+
+	memset(&ntlm->crypt_ctx, 0, sizeof(ntlm_crypt_ctx));
 }
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_openssl.h b/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_openssl.h
index 4195db9..8654027 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_openssl.h
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/crypt_openssl.h
@@ -9,13 +9,82 @@
 #ifndef PRIVATE_CRYPT_OPENSSL_H__
 #define PRIVATE_CRYPT_OPENSSL_H__
 
-#include <openssl/hmac.h>
+#ifndef CRYPT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC
+# include <openssl/des.h>
+# include <openssl/hmac.h>
+#endif
 
 /* OpenSSL 1.1.0 uses opaque structs, we'll reuse these. */
-#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L
-typedef struct hmac_ctx_st ntlm_hmac_ctx;
-#else
-# define ntlm_hmac_ctx HMAC_CTX
+#if defined(OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER) && OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L
+# define HMAC_CTX struct hmac_ctx_st
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CRYPT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC
+typedef unsigned char DES_cblock[8];
+typedef unsigned char const_DES_cblock[8];
+
+typedef unsigned long DES_LONG;
+
+typedef struct DES_ks {
+    union {
+        DES_cblock cblock;
+        DES_LONG deslong[2];
+    } ks[16];
+} DES_key_schedule;
+
+#define DES_ENCRYPT 1
+
+typedef void EVP_MD;
+typedef void ENGINE;
+typedef void EVP_PKEY_CTX;
+
+#define HMAC_MAX_MD_CBLOCK 128
+
+typedef struct env_md_ctx_st EVP_MD_CTX;
+struct env_md_ctx_st {
+    const EVP_MD *digest;
+    ENGINE *engine;
+    unsigned long flags;
+    void *md_data;
+    EVP_PKEY_CTX *pctx;
+    int (*update) (EVP_MD_CTX *ctx, const void *data, size_t count);
+};
+
+typedef struct hmac_ctx_st {
+    const EVP_MD *md;
+    EVP_MD_CTX md_ctx;
+    EVP_MD_CTX i_ctx;
+    EVP_MD_CTX o_ctx;
+    unsigned int key_length;
+    unsigned char key[HMAC_MAX_MD_CBLOCK];
+} HMAC_CTX;
 #endif
 
+struct ntlm_crypt_ctx {
+	HMAC_CTX *hmac;
+
+	void *openssl_handle;
+
+	void (*des_ecb_encrypt_fn)(const_DES_cblock *input, DES_cblock *output, DES_key_schedule *ks, int enc);
+	int (*des_set_key_fn)(const_DES_cblock *key, DES_key_schedule *schedule);
+
+	unsigned long (*err_get_error_fn)(void);
+	const char *(*err_lib_error_string_fn)(unsigned long e);
+
+	const EVP_MD *(*evp_md5_fn)(void);
+
+	HMAC_CTX *(*hmac_ctx_new_fn)(void);
+	int (*hmac_ctx_reset_fn)(HMAC_CTX *ctx);
+	void (*hmac_ctx_free_fn)(HMAC_CTX *ctx);
+	void (*hmac_ctx_cleanup_fn)(HMAC_CTX *ctx);
+
+	int (*hmac_init_ex_fn)(HMAC_CTX *ctx, const void *key, int key_len, const EVP_MD *md, ENGINE *impl);
+	int (*hmac_update_fn)(HMAC_CTX *ctx, const unsigned char *data, size_t len);
+	int (*hmac_final_fn)(HMAC_CTX *ctx, unsigned char *md, unsigned int *len);
+
+	unsigned char *(*md4_fn)(const unsigned char *d, size_t n, unsigned char *md);
+
+	int (*rand_bytes_fn)(unsigned char *buf, int num);
+};
+
 #endif /* PRIVATE_CRYPT_OPENSSL_H__ */
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/ntlm.c b/deps/ntlmclient/ntlm.c
index 24b08f6..3393be9 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/ntlm.c
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/ntlm.c
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <assert.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
@@ -24,6 +23,18 @@
 #include "compat.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
+#define NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(expr) do { \
+		if (!(expr)) \
+			return NTLM_CLIENT_ERROR_INVALID_INPUT; \
+	} while(0)
+
+#define NTLM_ASSERT(ntlm, expr) do { \
+		if (!(expr)) { \
+			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "internal error: " #expr); \
+			return -1; \
+		} \
+	} while(0)
+
 unsigned char ntlm_client_signature[] = NTLM_SIGNATURE;
 
 static bool supports_unicode(ntlm_client *ntlm)
@@ -47,24 +58,25 @@ ntlm_client *ntlm_client_init(ntlm_client_flags flags)
 {
 	ntlm_client *ntlm = NULL;
 
-	if ((ntlm = malloc(sizeof(ntlm_client))) == NULL)
+	if ((ntlm = calloc(1, sizeof(ntlm_client))) == NULL)
 		return NULL;
 
-	memset(ntlm, 0, sizeof(ntlm_client));
-
 	ntlm->flags = flags;
 
-	if ((ntlm->hmac_ctx = ntlm_hmac_ctx_init()) == NULL ||
-		(ntlm->unicode_ctx = ntlm_unicode_ctx_init(ntlm)) == NULL) {
-		ntlm_hmac_ctx_free(ntlm->hmac_ctx);
-		ntlm_unicode_ctx_free(ntlm->unicode_ctx);
-		free(ntlm);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
 	return ntlm;
 }
 
+#define ENSURE_INITIALIZED(ntlm) \
+	do { \
+		if (!(ntlm)->unicode_initialized) \
+			(ntlm)->unicode_initialized = ntlm_unicode_init((ntlm)); \
+		if (!(ntlm)->crypt_initialized) \
+			(ntlm)->crypt_initialized = ntlm_crypt_init((ntlm)); \
+		if (!(ntlm)->unicode_initialized || \
+		    !(ntlm)->crypt_initialized) \
+			return -1; \
+	} while(0)
+
 void ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm_client *ntlm, const char *errmsg)
 {
 	ntlm->state = NTLM_STATE_ERROR;
@@ -73,7 +85,9 @@ void ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm_client *ntlm, const char *errmsg)
 
 const char *ntlm_client_errmsg(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 {
-	assert(ntlm);
+	if (!ntlm)
+		return "internal error";
+
 	return ntlm->errmsg ? ntlm->errmsg : "no error";
 }
 
@@ -83,7 +97,7 @@ int ntlm_client_set_version(
 	uint8_t minor,
 	uint16_t build)
 {
-	assert(ntlm);
+	NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(ntlm);
 
 	ntlm->host_version.major = major;
 	ntlm->host_version.minor = minor;
@@ -95,20 +109,25 @@ int ntlm_client_set_version(
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#define reset(ptr) do { free(ptr); ptr = NULL; } while(0)
+
+static void free_hostname(ntlm_client *ntlm)
+{
+	reset(ntlm->hostname);
+	reset(ntlm->hostdomain);
+	reset(ntlm->hostname_utf16);
+	ntlm->hostname_utf16_len = 0;
+}
+
 int ntlm_client_set_hostname(
 	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const char *hostname,
 	const char *domain)
 {
-	assert(ntlm);
+	NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(ntlm);
+	ENSURE_INITIALIZED(ntlm);
 
-	free(ntlm->hostname);
-	free(ntlm->hostdomain);
-	free(ntlm->hostname_utf16);
-
-	ntlm->hostname = NULL;
-	ntlm->hostdomain = NULL;
-	ntlm->hostname_utf16 = NULL;
+	free_hostname(ntlm);
 
 	if (hostname && (ntlm->hostname = strdup(hostname)) == NULL) {
 		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "out of memory");
@@ -123,7 +142,7 @@ int ntlm_client_set_hostname(
 	if (hostname && supports_unicode(ntlm) && !ntlm_unicode_utf8_to_16(
 			&ntlm->hostname_utf16,
 			&ntlm->hostname_utf16_len,
-			ntlm->unicode_ctx,
+			ntlm,
 			hostname,
 			strlen(hostname)))
 		return -1;
@@ -134,30 +153,25 @@ int ntlm_client_set_hostname(
 static void free_credentials(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 {
 	if (ntlm->password)
-		memzero(ntlm->password, strlen(ntlm->password));
+		ntlm_memzero(ntlm->password, strlen(ntlm->password));
 
 	if (ntlm->password_utf16)
-		memzero(ntlm->password_utf16, ntlm->password_utf16_len);
-
-	free(ntlm->username);
-	free(ntlm->username_upper);
-	free(ntlm->userdomain);
-	free(ntlm->password);
-
-	free(ntlm->username_utf16);
-	free(ntlm->username_upper_utf16);
-	free(ntlm->userdomain_utf16);
-	free(ntlm->password_utf16);
-
-	ntlm->username = NULL;
-	ntlm->username_upper = NULL;
-	ntlm->userdomain = NULL;
-	ntlm->password = NULL;
-
-	ntlm->username_utf16 = NULL;
-	ntlm->username_upper_utf16 = NULL;
-	ntlm->userdomain_utf16 = NULL;
-	ntlm->password_utf16 = NULL;
+		ntlm_memzero(ntlm->password_utf16, ntlm->password_utf16_len);
+
+	reset(ntlm->username);
+	reset(ntlm->username_upper);
+	reset(ntlm->userdomain);
+	reset(ntlm->password);
+
+	reset(ntlm->username_utf16);
+	reset(ntlm->username_upper_utf16);
+	reset(ntlm->userdomain_utf16);
+	reset(ntlm->password_utf16);
+
+	ntlm->username_utf16_len = 0;
+	ntlm->username_upper_utf16_len = 0;
+	ntlm->userdomain_utf16_len = 0;
+	ntlm->password_utf16_len = 0;
 }
 
 int ntlm_client_set_credentials(
@@ -166,7 +180,8 @@ int ntlm_client_set_credentials(
 	const char *domain,
 	const char *password)
 {
-	assert(ntlm);
+	NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(ntlm);
+	ENSURE_INITIALIZED(ntlm);
 
 	free_credentials(ntlm);
 
@@ -187,7 +202,7 @@ int ntlm_client_set_credentials(
 		if (!ntlm_unicode_utf8_to_16(
 				&ntlm->username_utf16,
 				&ntlm->username_utf16_len,
-				ntlm->unicode_ctx,
+				ntlm,
 				ntlm->username,
 				strlen(ntlm->username)))
 			return -1;
@@ -195,7 +210,7 @@ int ntlm_client_set_credentials(
 		if (!ntlm_unicode_utf8_to_16(
 				&ntlm->username_upper_utf16,
 				&ntlm->username_upper_utf16_len,
-				ntlm->unicode_ctx,
+				ntlm,
 				ntlm->username_upper,
 				strlen(ntlm->username_upper)))
 			return -1;
@@ -204,7 +219,7 @@ int ntlm_client_set_credentials(
 	if (domain && supports_unicode(ntlm) && !ntlm_unicode_utf8_to_16(
 			&ntlm->userdomain_utf16,
 			&ntlm->userdomain_utf16_len,
-			ntlm->unicode_ctx,
+			ntlm,
 			ntlm->userdomain,
 			strlen(ntlm->userdomain)))
 		return -1;
@@ -214,7 +229,8 @@ int ntlm_client_set_credentials(
 
 int ntlm_client_set_target(ntlm_client *ntlm, const char *target)
 {
-	assert(ntlm);
+	NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(ntlm);
+	ENSURE_INITIALIZED(ntlm);
 
 	free(ntlm->target);
 	free(ntlm->target_utf16);
@@ -231,7 +247,7 @@ int ntlm_client_set_target(ntlm_client *ntlm, const char *target)
 		if (supports_unicode(ntlm) && !ntlm_unicode_utf8_to_16(
 				&ntlm->target_utf16,
 				&ntlm->target_utf16_len,
-				ntlm->unicode_ctx,
+				ntlm,
 				ntlm->target,
 				strlen(ntlm->target)))
 			return -1;
@@ -242,14 +258,16 @@ int ntlm_client_set_target(ntlm_client *ntlm, const char *target)
 
 int ntlm_client_set_nonce(ntlm_client *ntlm, uint64_t nonce)
 {
-	assert(ntlm);
+	NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(ntlm);
+
 	ntlm->nonce = nonce;
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int ntlm_client_set_timestamp(ntlm_client *ntlm, uint64_t timestamp)
 {
-	assert(ntlm);
+	NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(ntlm);
+
 	ntlm->timestamp = timestamp;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -260,6 +278,9 @@ static inline bool write_buf(
 	const unsigned char *buf,
 	size_t len)
 {
+	if (!len)
+		return true;
+
 	if (out->len - out->pos < len) {
 		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "out of buffer space");
 		return false;
@@ -474,7 +495,7 @@ static inline bool read_string_unicode(
 	size_t out_len;
 	int ret = ntlm_unicode_utf16_to_8(out,
 		&out_len,
-		ntlm->unicode_ctx,
+		ntlm,
 		(char *)&message->buf[message->pos],
 		string_len);
 
@@ -592,7 +613,9 @@ int ntlm_client_negotiate(
 	size_t hostname_offset = 0;
 	uint32_t flags = 0;
 
-	assert(out && out_len && ntlm);
+	NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(out_len);
+	NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(ntlm);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 	*out_len = 0;
@@ -648,13 +671,11 @@ int ntlm_client_negotiate(
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	if ((ntlm->negotiate.buf = malloc(ntlm->negotiate.len)) == NULL) {
+	if ((ntlm->negotiate.buf = calloc(1, ntlm->negotiate.len)) == NULL) {
 		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "out of memory");
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	memset(ntlm->negotiate.buf, 0, ntlm->negotiate.len);
-
 	if (!write_buf(ntlm, &ntlm->negotiate,
 			ntlm_client_signature, sizeof(ntlm_client_signature)) ||
 		!write_int32(ntlm, &ntlm->negotiate, 1) ||
@@ -677,20 +698,22 @@ int ntlm_client_negotiate(
 		return -1;
 
 	if (hostname_len > 0) {
-		assert(hostname_offset == ntlm->negotiate.pos);
+		NTLM_ASSERT(ntlm, hostname_offset == ntlm->negotiate.pos);
+
 		if (!write_buf(ntlm, &ntlm->negotiate,
 			(const unsigned char *)ntlm->hostname, hostname_len))
 			return -1;
 	}
 
 	if (domain_len > 0) {
-		assert(domain_offset == ntlm->negotiate.pos);
+		NTLM_ASSERT(ntlm, domain_offset == ntlm->negotiate.pos);
+
 		if (!write_buf(ntlm, &ntlm->negotiate,
 			(const unsigned char *)ntlm->hostdomain, domain_len))
 			return -1;
 	}
 
-	assert(ntlm->negotiate.pos == ntlm->negotiate.len);
+	NTLM_ASSERT(ntlm, ntlm->negotiate.pos == ntlm->negotiate.len);
 
 	ntlm->state = NTLM_STATE_CHALLENGE;
 
@@ -712,7 +735,10 @@ int ntlm_client_set_challenge(
 	uint32_t name_offset, info_offset = 0;
 	bool unicode, has_target_info = false;
 
-	assert(ntlm && (challenge_msg || !challenge_msg_len));
+	NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(ntlm);
+	NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(challenge_msg || !challenge_msg_len);
+
+	ENSURE_INITIALIZED(ntlm);
 
 	if (ntlm->state != NTLM_STATE_NEGOTIATE &&
 		ntlm->state != NTLM_STATE_CHALLENGE) {
@@ -941,6 +967,7 @@ static void des_key_from_password(
 
 static inline bool generate_lm_hash(
 	ntlm_des_block out[2],
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const char *password)
 {
 	/* LM encrypts this known plaintext using the password as a key */
@@ -969,8 +996,8 @@ static inline bool generate_lm_hash(
 	des_key_from_password(&key1, keystr1, keystr1_len);
 	des_key_from_password(&key2, keystr2, keystr2_len);
 
-	return ntlm_des_encrypt(&out[0], &plaintext, &key1) &&
-		ntlm_des_encrypt(&out[1], &plaintext, &key2);
+	return ntlm_des_encrypt(&out[0], ntlm, &plaintext, &key1) &&
+		ntlm_des_encrypt(&out[1], ntlm, &plaintext, &key2);
 }
 
 static void des_keys_from_lm_hash(ntlm_des_block out[3], ntlm_des_block lm_hash[2])
@@ -995,16 +1022,16 @@ static bool generate_lm_response(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 	ntlm_des_block *challenge = (ntlm_des_block *)&ntlm->challenge.nonce;
 
 	/* Generate the LM hash from the password */
-	if (!generate_lm_hash(lm_hash, ntlm->password))
+	if (!generate_lm_hash(lm_hash, ntlm, ntlm->password))
 		return false;
 
 	/* Convert that LM hash to three DES keys */
 	des_keys_from_lm_hash(key, lm_hash);
 
 	/* Finally, encrypt the challenge with each of these keys */
-	if (!ntlm_des_encrypt(&lm_response[0], challenge, &key[0]) ||
-		!ntlm_des_encrypt(&lm_response[1], challenge, &key[1]) ||
-		!ntlm_des_encrypt(&lm_response[2], challenge, &key[2]))
+	if (!ntlm_des_encrypt(&lm_response[0], ntlm, challenge, &key[0]) ||
+		!ntlm_des_encrypt(&lm_response[1], ntlm, challenge, &key[1]) ||
+		!ntlm_des_encrypt(&lm_response[2], ntlm, challenge, &key[2]))
 		return false;
 
 	memcpy(&ntlm->lm_response[0], lm_response[0], 8);
@@ -1023,12 +1050,13 @@ static bool generate_ntlm_hash(
 	if (ntlm->password && !ntlm_unicode_utf8_to_16(
 			&ntlm->password_utf16,
 			&ntlm->password_utf16_len,
-			ntlm->unicode_ctx,
+			ntlm,
 			ntlm->password,
 			strlen(ntlm->password)))
 		return false;
 
 	return ntlm_md4_digest(out,
+		ntlm,
 		(const unsigned char *)ntlm->password_utf16,
 		ntlm->password_utf16_len);
 }
@@ -1049,9 +1077,9 @@ static bool generate_ntlm_response(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 	des_key_from_password(&key[2], &ntlm_hash[14], 2);
 
 	/* Finally, encrypt the challenge with each of these keys */
-	if (!ntlm_des_encrypt(&ntlm_response[0], challenge, &key[0]) ||
-		!ntlm_des_encrypt(&ntlm_response[1], challenge, &key[1]) ||
-		!ntlm_des_encrypt(&ntlm_response[2], challenge, &key[2]))
+	if (!ntlm_des_encrypt(&ntlm_response[0], ntlm, challenge, &key[0]) ||
+		!ntlm_des_encrypt(&ntlm_response[1], ntlm, challenge, &key[1]) ||
+		!ntlm_des_encrypt(&ntlm_response[2], ntlm, challenge, &key[2]))
 		return false;
 
 	memcpy(&ntlm->ntlm_response[0], ntlm_response[0], 8);
@@ -1082,16 +1110,15 @@ static bool generate_ntlm2_hash(
 		target_len = ntlm->target_utf16_len;
 	}
 
-	if (!ntlm_hmac_ctx_reset(ntlm->hmac_ctx) ||
-		!ntlm_hmac_md5_init(ntlm->hmac_ctx, ntlm_hash, sizeof(ntlm_hash)) ||
-		!ntlm_hmac_md5_update(ntlm->hmac_ctx, username, username_len) ||
-		!ntlm_hmac_md5_update(ntlm->hmac_ctx, target, target_len) ||
-		!ntlm_hmac_md5_final(out, &out_len, ntlm->hmac_ctx)) {
+	if (!ntlm_hmac_md5_init(ntlm, ntlm_hash, sizeof(ntlm_hash)) ||
+		!ntlm_hmac_md5_update(ntlm, username, username_len) ||
+		!ntlm_hmac_md5_update(ntlm, target, target_len) ||
+		!ntlm_hmac_md5_final(out, &out_len, ntlm)) {
 		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "failed to create HMAC-MD5");
 		return false;
 	}
 
-	assert(out_len == NTLM_NTLM2_HASH_LEN);
+	NTLM_ASSERT(ntlm, out_len == NTLM_NTLM2_HASH_LEN);
 	return true;
 }
 
@@ -1104,43 +1131,36 @@ static bool generate_ntlm2_challengehash(
 {
 	size_t out_len = 16;
 
-	if (!ntlm_hmac_ctx_reset(ntlm->hmac_ctx) ||
-		!ntlm_hmac_md5_init(ntlm->hmac_ctx,
-			ntlm2_hash, NTLM_NTLM2_HASH_LEN) ||
-		!ntlm_hmac_md5_update(ntlm->hmac_ctx,
-			(const unsigned char *)&ntlm->challenge.nonce, 8) ||
-		!ntlm_hmac_md5_update(ntlm->hmac_ctx, blob, blob_len) ||
-		!ntlm_hmac_md5_final(out, &out_len, ntlm->hmac_ctx)) {
+	if (!ntlm_hmac_md5_init(ntlm, ntlm2_hash, NTLM_NTLM2_HASH_LEN) ||
+		!ntlm_hmac_md5_update(ntlm, (const unsigned char *)&ntlm->challenge.nonce, 8) ||
+		!ntlm_hmac_md5_update(ntlm, blob, blob_len) ||
+		!ntlm_hmac_md5_final(out, &out_len, ntlm)) {
 		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "failed to create HMAC-MD5");
 		return false;
 	}
 
-	assert(out_len == 16);
+	NTLM_ASSERT(ntlm, out_len == 16);
 	return true;
 }
 
 static bool generate_lm2_response(ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	unsigned char ntlm2_hash[NTLM_NTLM2_HASH_LEN])
 {
-	unsigned char lm2_challengehash[16];
+	unsigned char lm2_challengehash[16] = {0};
 	size_t lm2_len = 16;
 	uint64_t local_nonce;
 
-	local_nonce = htonll(ntlm->nonce);
+	local_nonce = ntlm_htonll(ntlm->nonce);
 
-	if (!ntlm_hmac_ctx_reset(ntlm->hmac_ctx) ||
-		!ntlm_hmac_md5_init(ntlm->hmac_ctx,
-			ntlm2_hash, NTLM_NTLM2_HASH_LEN) ||
-		!ntlm_hmac_md5_update(ntlm->hmac_ctx,
-			(const unsigned char *)&ntlm->challenge.nonce, 8) ||
-		!ntlm_hmac_md5_update(ntlm->hmac_ctx,
-			(const unsigned char *)&local_nonce, 8) ||
-		!ntlm_hmac_md5_final(lm2_challengehash, &lm2_len, ntlm->hmac_ctx)) {
+	if (!ntlm_hmac_md5_init(ntlm, ntlm2_hash, NTLM_NTLM2_HASH_LEN) ||
+		!ntlm_hmac_md5_update(ntlm, (const unsigned char *)&ntlm->challenge.nonce, 8) ||
+		!ntlm_hmac_md5_update(ntlm, (const unsigned char *)&local_nonce, 8) ||
+		!ntlm_hmac_md5_final(lm2_challengehash, &lm2_len, ntlm)) {
 		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "failed to create HMAC-MD5");
 		return false;
 	}
 
-	assert(lm2_len == 16);
+	NTLM_ASSERT(ntlm, lm2_len == 16);
 
 	memcpy(&ntlm->lm_response[0], lm2_challengehash, 16);
 	memcpy(&ntlm->lm_response[16], &local_nonce, 8);
@@ -1164,7 +1184,7 @@ static bool generate_nonce(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 	if (ntlm->nonce)
 		return true;
 
-	if (!ntlm_random_bytes(ntlm, buf, 8))
+	if (!ntlm_random_bytes(buf, ntlm, 8))
 		return false;
 
 	memcpy(&ntlm->nonce, buf, sizeof(uint64_t));
@@ -1177,7 +1197,7 @@ static bool generate_ntlm2_response(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 	uint32_t signature;
 	uint64_t timestamp, nonce;
 	unsigned char ntlm2_hash[NTLM_NTLM2_HASH_LEN];
-	unsigned char challengehash[16];
+	unsigned char challengehash[16] = {0};
 	unsigned char *blob;
 
 	if (!generate_timestamp(ntlm) ||
@@ -1198,8 +1218,8 @@ static bool generate_ntlm2_response(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 
 	/* the blob's integer values are in network byte order */
 	signature = htonl(0x01010000);
-	timestamp = htonll(ntlm->timestamp);
-	nonce = htonll(ntlm->nonce);
+	timestamp = ntlm_htonll(ntlm->timestamp);
+	nonce = ntlm_htonll(ntlm->nonce);
 
 	/* construct the blob */
 	memcpy(&blob[0], &signature, 4);
@@ -1234,7 +1254,11 @@ int ntlm_client_response(
 	uint32_t flags = 0;
 	bool unicode;
 
-	assert(out && out_len && ntlm);
+	NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(out_len);
+	NTLM_ASSERT_ARG(ntlm);
+
+	ENSURE_INITIALIZED(ntlm);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 	*out_len = 0;
@@ -1334,13 +1358,11 @@ int ntlm_client_response(
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	if ((ntlm->response.buf = malloc(ntlm->response.len)) == NULL) {
+	if ((ntlm->response.buf = calloc(1, ntlm->response.len)) == NULL) {
 		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "out of memory");
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	memset(ntlm->response.buf, 0, ntlm->response.len);
-
 	if (!write_buf(ntlm, &ntlm->response,
 			ntlm_client_signature, sizeof(ntlm_client_signature)) ||
 		!write_int32(ntlm, &ntlm->response, 3) ||
@@ -1359,7 +1381,7 @@ int ntlm_client_response(
 		!write_buf(ntlm, &ntlm->response, session, session_len))
 		return -1;
 
-	assert(ntlm->response.pos == ntlm->response.len);
+	NTLM_ASSERT(ntlm, ntlm->response.pos == ntlm->response.len);
 
 	ntlm->state = NTLM_STATE_COMPLETE;
 
@@ -1371,41 +1393,48 @@ int ntlm_client_response(
 
 void ntlm_client_reset(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 {
-	ntlm_client_flags flags;
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *hmac_ctx;
-	ntlm_unicode_ctx *unicode_ctx;
-
-	assert(ntlm);
+	if (!ntlm)
+		return;
 
-	free(ntlm->negotiate.buf);
-	free(ntlm->challenge.target_info);
-	free(ntlm->challenge.target);
-	free(ntlm->challenge.target_domain);
-	free(ntlm->challenge.target_domain_dns);
-	free(ntlm->challenge.target_server);
-	free(ntlm->challenge.target_server_dns);
-	free(ntlm->response.buf);
+	ntlm->state = NTLM_STATE_NEGOTIATE;
 
-	free(ntlm->hostname);
-	free(ntlm->hostname_utf16);
-	free(ntlm->hostdomain);
+	free_hostname(ntlm);
 
-	free(ntlm->target);
-	free(ntlm->target_utf16);
+	memset(&ntlm->host_version, 0, sizeof(ntlm_version));
 
-	free(ntlm->ntlm2_response);
+	reset(ntlm->target);
+	reset(ntlm->target_utf16);
+	ntlm->target_utf16_len = 0;
 
 	free_credentials(ntlm);
 
-	flags = ntlm->flags;
-	hmac_ctx = ntlm->hmac_ctx;
-	unicode_ctx = ntlm->unicode_ctx;
+	ntlm->nonce = 0;
+	ntlm->timestamp = 0;
 
-	memset(ntlm, 0, sizeof(struct ntlm_client));
+	memset(ntlm->lm_response, 0, NTLM_LM_RESPONSE_LEN);
+	ntlm->lm_response_len = 0;
 
-	ntlm->flags = flags;
-	ntlm->hmac_ctx = hmac_ctx;
-	ntlm->unicode_ctx = unicode_ctx;
+	memset(ntlm->ntlm_response, 0, NTLM_NTLM_RESPONSE_LEN);
+	ntlm->ntlm_response_len = 0;
+
+	reset(ntlm->ntlm2_response);
+	ntlm->ntlm2_response_len = 0;
+
+	reset(ntlm->negotiate.buf);
+	ntlm->negotiate.pos = 0;
+	ntlm->negotiate.len = 0;
+
+	reset(ntlm->response.buf);
+	ntlm->response.pos = 0;
+	ntlm->response.len = 0;
+
+	free(ntlm->challenge.target_info);
+	free(ntlm->challenge.target);
+	free(ntlm->challenge.target_domain);
+	free(ntlm->challenge.target_domain_dns);
+	free(ntlm->challenge.target_server);
+	free(ntlm->challenge.target_server_dns);
+	memset(&ntlm->challenge, 0, sizeof(ntlm_challenge));
 }
 
 void ntlm_client_free(ntlm_client *ntlm)
@@ -1413,10 +1442,10 @@ void ntlm_client_free(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 	if (!ntlm)
 		return;
 
-	ntlm_client_reset(ntlm);
+	ntlm_crypt_shutdown(ntlm);
+	ntlm_unicode_shutdown(ntlm);
 
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx_free(ntlm->hmac_ctx);
-	ntlm_unicode_ctx_free(ntlm->unicode_ctx);
+	ntlm_client_reset(ntlm);
 
 	free(ntlm);
 }
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/ntlm.h b/deps/ntlmclient/ntlm.h
index 0dad91e..227f5bc 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/ntlm.h
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/ntlm.h
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
 #include "crypt.h"
 #include "compat.h"
 
+#define NTLM_UNUSED(x) ((void)(x))
+
 #define NTLM_LM_RESPONSE_LEN 24
 #define NTLM_NTLM_RESPONSE_LEN 24
 #define NTLM_NTLM_HASH_LEN 16
@@ -66,9 +68,11 @@ struct ntlm_client {
 
 	ntlm_state state;
 
-	/* crypto contexts */
-	ntlm_hmac_ctx *hmac_ctx;
-	ntlm_unicode_ctx *unicode_ctx;
+	/* subsystem contexts */
+	ntlm_crypt_ctx crypt_ctx;
+	ntlm_unicode_ctx unicode_ctx;
+	int crypt_initialized : 1,
+	    unicode_initialized : 1;
 
 	/* error message as set by the library */
 	const char *errmsg;
@@ -85,24 +89,24 @@ struct ntlm_client {
 	char *password;
 
 	/* strings as converted to utf16 */
+	char *hostname_utf16;
 	char *target_utf16;
 	char *username_utf16;
 	char *username_upper_utf16;
 	char *userdomain_utf16;
-	char *hostname_utf16;
 	char *password_utf16;
 
-	/* timestamp and nonce; only for debugging */
-	uint64_t nonce;
-	uint64_t timestamp;
-
+	size_t hostname_utf16_len;
 	size_t username_utf16_len;
 	size_t username_upper_utf16_len;
 	size_t userdomain_utf16_len;
-	size_t hostname_utf16_len;
 	size_t password_utf16_len;
 	size_t target_utf16_len;
 
+	/* timestamp and nonce; only for debugging */
+	uint64_t nonce;
+	uint64_t timestamp;
+
 	unsigned char lm_response[NTLM_LM_RESPONSE_LEN];
 	size_t lm_response_len;
 
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/ntlmclient.h b/deps/ntlmclient/ntlmclient.h
index d109a5c..bf57b17 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/ntlmclient.h
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/ntlmclient.h
@@ -15,13 +15,26 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-#define NTLM_CLIENT_VERSION         "0.0.1"
+#define NTLM_CLIENT_VERSION         "0.9.0"
 #define NTLM_CLIENT_VERSION_MAJOR   0
-#define NTLM_CLIENT_VERSION_MINOR   0
-#define NTLM_CLIENT_VERSION_TEENY   1
+#define NTLM_CLIENT_VERSION_MINOR   9
+#define NTLM_CLIENT_VERSION_TEENY   0
 
 typedef struct ntlm_client ntlm_client;
 
+typedef enum {
+	/**
+	 * An error occurred; more details are available by querying
+	 * `ntlm_client_errmsg`.
+	 */
+	NTLM_CLIENT_ERROR = -1,
+
+	/**
+	 * The input provided to the function is missing or invalid.
+	 */
+	NTLM_CLIENT_ERROR_INVALID_INPUT = -2,
+} ntlm_error_code;
+
 /*
  * Flags for initializing the `ntlm_client` context.  A combination of
  * these flags can be provided to `ntlm_client_init`.
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/unicode.h b/deps/ntlmclient/unicode.h
index e3b17bc..b7c63f2 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/unicode.h
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/unicode.h
@@ -11,26 +11,32 @@
 
 #include "compat.h"
 
+#ifdef UNICODE_ICONV
+# include "unicode_iconv.h"
+#elif UNICODE_BUILTIN
+# include "unicode_builtin.h"
+#endif
+
 #define NTLM_UNICODE_MAX_LEN	2048
 
 typedef struct ntlm_unicode_ctx ntlm_unicode_ctx;
 
-extern ntlm_unicode_ctx *ntlm_unicode_ctx_init(ntlm_client *ntlm);
+extern bool ntlm_unicode_init(ntlm_client *ntlm);
 
 bool ntlm_unicode_utf8_to_16(
 	char **converted,
 	size_t *converted_len,
-	ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const char *string,
 	size_t string_len);
 
 bool ntlm_unicode_utf16_to_8(
 	char **converted,
 	size_t *converted_len,
-	ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const char *string,
 	size_t string_len);
 
-extern void ntlm_unicode_ctx_free(ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx);
+extern void ntlm_unicode_shutdown(ntlm_client *ntlm);
 
 #endif /* PRIVATE_UNICODE_H__ */
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/unicode_builtin.c b/deps/ntlmclient/unicode_builtin.c
index e1856cc..e2ee0ab 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/unicode_builtin.c
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/unicode_builtin.c
@@ -13,10 +13,6 @@
 #include "unicode.h"
 #include "compat.h"
 
-struct ntlm_unicode_ctx {
-	ntlm_client *ntlm;
-};
-
 typedef unsigned int    UTF32;   /* at least 32 bits */
 typedef unsigned short  UTF16;   /* at least 16 bits */
 typedef unsigned char   UTF8;    /* typically 8 bits */
@@ -281,15 +277,10 @@ static ConversionResult ConvertUTF8toUTF16 (
 }
 
 
-ntlm_unicode_ctx *ntlm_unicode_ctx_init(ntlm_client *ntlm)
+bool ntlm_unicode_init(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 {
-	ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx;
-
-	if ((ctx = malloc(sizeof(ntlm_unicode_ctx))) == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-
-	ctx->ntlm = ntlm;
-	return ctx;
+	NTLM_UNUSED(ntlm);
+	return true;
 }
 
 typedef enum {
@@ -300,7 +291,7 @@ typedef enum {
 static inline bool unicode_builtin_encoding_convert(
 	char **converted,
 	size_t *converted_len,
-	ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const char *string,
 	size_t string_len,
 	unicode_builtin_encoding_direction direction)
@@ -332,7 +323,7 @@ static inline bool unicode_builtin_encoding_convert(
 	out_size = (out_size + 7) & ~7;
 
 	if ((out = malloc(out_size)) == NULL) {
-		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ctx->ntlm, "out of memory");
+		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "out of memory");
 		return false;
 	}
 
@@ -358,17 +349,17 @@ static inline bool unicode_builtin_encoding_convert(
 				success = true;
 				goto done;
 			case sourceExhausted:
-				ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ctx->ntlm,
+				ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm,
 					"invalid unicode string; trailing data remains");
 				goto done;
 			case targetExhausted:
 				break;
 			case sourceIllegal:
-				ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ctx->ntlm,
+				ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm,
 					"invalid unicode string; trailing data remains");
 				goto done;
 			default:
-				ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ctx->ntlm,
+				ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm,
 					"unknown unicode conversion failure");
 				goto done;
 		}
@@ -377,13 +368,12 @@ static inline bool unicode_builtin_encoding_convert(
 		out_size = ((((out_size << 1) - (out_size >> 1)) + 7) & ~7);
 
 		if (out_size > NTLM_UNICODE_MAX_LEN) {
-			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ctx->ntlm,
-				"unicode conversion too large");
+			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "unicode conversion too large");
 			goto done;
 		}
 
 		if ((new_out = realloc(out, out_size)) == NULL) {
-			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ctx->ntlm, "out of memory");
+			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "out of memory");
 			goto done;
 		}
 
@@ -419,27 +409,26 @@ done:
 bool ntlm_unicode_utf8_to_16(
 	char **converted,
 	size_t *converted_len,
-	ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *client,
 	const char *string,
 	size_t string_len)
 {
 	return unicode_builtin_encoding_convert(converted, converted_len,
-		ctx, string, string_len, unicode_builtin_utf8_to_16);
+		client, string, string_len, unicode_builtin_utf8_to_16);
 }
 
 bool ntlm_unicode_utf16_to_8(
 	char **converted,
 	size_t *converted_len,
-	ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *client,
 	const char *string,
 	size_t string_len)
 {
 	return unicode_builtin_encoding_convert(converted, converted_len,
-		ctx, string, string_len, unicode_builtin_utf16_to_8);
+		client, string, string_len, unicode_builtin_utf16_to_8);
 }
 
-void ntlm_unicode_ctx_free(ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx)
+void ntlm_unicode_shutdown(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 {
-	if (ctx)
-		free(ctx);
+	NTLM_UNUSED(ntlm);
 }
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/unicode_builtin.h b/deps/ntlmclient/unicode_builtin.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eabec40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/unicode_builtin.h
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) Edward Thomson.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of ntlmclient, distributed under the MIT license.
+ * For full terms and copyright information, and for third-party
+ * copyright information, see the included LICENSE.txt file.
+ */
+
+#ifndef PRIVATE_UNICODE_BUILTIN_H__
+#define PRIVATE_UNICODE_BUILTIN_H__
+
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <iconv.h>
+
+#include "ntlmclient.h"
+
+struct ntlm_unicode_ctx {
+};
+
+#endif /* PRIVATE_UNICODE_BUILTIN_H__ */
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/unicode_iconv.c b/deps/ntlmclient/unicode_iconv.c
index d1fe07e..e14da21 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/unicode_iconv.c
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/unicode_iconv.c
@@ -16,43 +16,23 @@
 #include "ntlm.h"
 #include "compat.h"
 
-struct ntlm_unicode_ctx {
-	ntlm_client *ntlm;
-	iconv_t utf8_to_16;
-	iconv_t utf16_to_8;
-};
-
-ntlm_unicode_ctx *ntlm_unicode_ctx_init(ntlm_client *ntlm)
-{
-	ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx;
-
-	if ((ctx = calloc(1, sizeof(ntlm_unicode_ctx))) == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-
-	ctx->ntlm = ntlm;
-	ctx->utf8_to_16 = (iconv_t)-1;
-	ctx->utf16_to_8 = (iconv_t)-1;
-
-	return ctx;
-}
-
 typedef enum {
 	unicode_iconv_utf8_to_16,
 	unicode_iconv_utf16_to_8
 } unicode_iconv_encoding_direction;
 
-static inline bool unicode_iconv_init(ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx)
+bool ntlm_unicode_init(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 {
-	if (ctx->utf8_to_16 != (iconv_t)-1 || ctx->utf16_to_8 != (iconv_t)-1)
-		return true;
+	ntlm->unicode_ctx.utf8_to_16 = iconv_open("UTF-16LE", "UTF-8");
+	ntlm->unicode_ctx.utf16_to_8 = iconv_open("UTF-8", "UTF-16LE");
 
-	if ((ctx->utf8_to_16 = iconv_open("UTF-16LE", "UTF-8")) == (iconv_t)-1 ||
-		(ctx->utf16_to_8 = iconv_open("UTF-8", "UTF-16LE")) == (iconv_t)-1) {
+	if (ntlm->unicode_ctx.utf8_to_16 == (iconv_t)-1 ||
+	    ntlm->unicode_ctx.utf16_to_8 == (iconv_t)-1) {
 		if (errno == EINVAL)
-			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ctx->ntlm,
+			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm,
 				"iconv does not support UTF8 <-> UTF16 conversion");
 		else
-			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ctx->ntlm, strerror(errno));
+			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, strerror(errno));
 
 		return false;
 	}
@@ -63,7 +43,7 @@ static inline bool unicode_iconv_init(ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx)
 static inline bool unicode_iconv_encoding_convert(
 	char **converted,
 	size_t *converted_len,
-	ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const char *string,
 	size_t string_len,
 	unicode_iconv_encoding_direction direction)
@@ -75,9 +55,6 @@ static inline bool unicode_iconv_encoding_convert(
 	*converted = NULL;
 	*converted_len = 0;
 
-	if (!unicode_iconv_init(ctx))
-		return false;
-
 	/*
 	 * When translating UTF8 to UTF16, these strings are only used
 	 * internally, and we obey the given length, so we can simply
@@ -86,11 +63,11 @@ static inline bool unicode_iconv_encoding_convert(
 	 * terminate and expect an extra byte for UTF8, two for UTF16.
 	 */
 	if (direction == unicode_iconv_utf8_to_16) {
-		converter = ctx->utf8_to_16;
+		converter = ntlm->unicode_ctx.utf8_to_16;
 		out_size = (string_len * 2) + 2;
 		nul_size = 2;
 	} else {
-		converter = ctx->utf16_to_8;
+		converter = ntlm->unicode_ctx.utf16_to_8;
 		out_size = (string_len / 2) + 1;
 		nul_size = 1;
 	}
@@ -99,7 +76,7 @@ static inline bool unicode_iconv_encoding_convert(
 	out_size = (out_size + 7) & ~7;
 
 	if ((out = malloc(out_size)) == NULL) {
-		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ctx->ntlm, "out of memory");
+		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "out of memory");
 		return false;
 	}
 
@@ -117,7 +94,7 @@ static inline bool unicode_iconv_encoding_convert(
 			break;
 
 		if (ret == (size_t)-1 && errno != E2BIG) {
-			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ctx->ntlm, strerror(errno));
+			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, strerror(errno));
 			goto on_error;
 		}
 
@@ -125,13 +102,12 @@ static inline bool unicode_iconv_encoding_convert(
 		out_size = ((((out_size << 1) - (out_size >> 1)) + 7) & ~7);
 
 		if (out_size > NTLM_UNICODE_MAX_LEN) {
-			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ctx->ntlm,
-				"unicode conversion too large");
+			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "unicode conversion too large");
 			goto on_error;
 		}
 
 		if ((new_out = realloc(out, out_size)) == NULL) {
-			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ctx->ntlm, "out of memory");
+			ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm, "out of memory");
 			goto on_error;
 		}
 
@@ -139,7 +115,7 @@ static inline bool unicode_iconv_encoding_convert(
 	}
 
 	if (in_start_len != 0) {
-		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ctx->ntlm,
+		ntlm_client_set_errmsg(ntlm,
 			"invalid unicode string; trailing data remains");
 		goto on_error;
 	}
@@ -165,37 +141,37 @@ on_error:
 bool ntlm_unicode_utf8_to_16(
 	char **converted,
 	size_t *converted_len,
-	ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const char *string,
 	size_t string_len)
 {
 	return unicode_iconv_encoding_convert(
-		converted, converted_len, ctx, string, string_len,
+		converted, converted_len, ntlm, string, string_len,
 		unicode_iconv_utf8_to_16);
 }
 
 bool ntlm_unicode_utf16_to_8(
 	char **converted,
 	size_t *converted_len,
-	ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx,
+	ntlm_client *ntlm,
 	const char *string,
 	size_t string_len)
 {
 	return unicode_iconv_encoding_convert(
-		converted, converted_len, ctx, string, string_len,
+		converted, converted_len, ntlm, string, string_len,
 		unicode_iconv_utf16_to_8);
 }
 
-void ntlm_unicode_ctx_free(ntlm_unicode_ctx *ctx)
+void ntlm_unicode_shutdown(ntlm_client *ntlm)
 {
-	if (!ctx)
-		return;
-
-	if (ctx->utf16_to_8 != (iconv_t)-1)
-		iconv_close(ctx->utf16_to_8);
+	if (ntlm->unicode_ctx.utf16_to_8 != (iconv_t)0 &&
+	    ntlm->unicode_ctx.utf16_to_8 != (iconv_t)-1)
+		iconv_close(ntlm->unicode_ctx.utf16_to_8);
 
-	if (ctx->utf8_to_16 != (iconv_t)-1)
-		iconv_close(ctx->utf8_to_16);
+	if (ntlm->unicode_ctx.utf8_to_16 != (iconv_t)0 &&
+	    ntlm->unicode_ctx.utf8_to_16 != (iconv_t)-1)
+		iconv_close(ntlm->unicode_ctx.utf8_to_16);
 
-	free(ctx);
+	ntlm->unicode_ctx.utf8_to_16 = (iconv_t)-1;
+	ntlm->unicode_ctx.utf16_to_8 = (iconv_t)-1;
 }
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/unicode_iconv.h b/deps/ntlmclient/unicode_iconv.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87a96a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/unicode_iconv.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) Edward Thomson.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of ntlmclient, distributed under the MIT license.
+ * For full terms and copyright information, and for third-party
+ * copyright information, see the included LICENSE.txt file.
+ */
+
+#ifndef PRIVATE_UNICODE_ICONV_H__
+#define PRIVATE_UNICODE_ICONV_H__
+
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <iconv.h>
+
+#include "ntlmclient.h"
+
+struct ntlm_unicode_ctx {
+	iconv_t utf8_to_16;
+	iconv_t utf16_to_8;
+};
+
+#endif /* PRIVATE_UNICODE_ICONV_H__ */
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/util.c b/deps/ntlmclient/util.c
index d0e3e53..07d10f6 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/util.c
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/util.c
@@ -8,14 +8,28 @@
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
 
 #include "compat.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
-void memzero(void *data, size_t size)
+void ntlm_memzero(void *data, size_t size)
 {
 	volatile uint8_t *scan = (volatile uint8_t *)data;
 
 	while (size--)
 		*scan++ = 0x0;
 }
+
+uint64_t ntlm_htonll(uint64_t value)
+{
+	static union {
+		uint32_t i;
+		char c[8];
+	} test = { 0x01020304 };
+
+	if (test.c[0] == 0x01)
+		return value;
+	else
+		return ((uint64_t)htonl(value) << 32) | htonl((uint64_t)value >> 32);
+}
diff --git a/deps/ntlmclient/util.h b/deps/ntlmclient/util.h
index 1c1806b..d4bb472 100644
--- a/deps/ntlmclient/util.h
+++ b/deps/ntlmclient/util.h
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #ifndef PRIVATE_UTIL_H__
 #define PRIVATE_UTIL_H__
 
-extern void memzero(void *data, size_t size);
+extern void ntlm_memzero(void *data, size_t size);
+extern uint64_t ntlm_htonll(uint64_t value);
 
 #endif /* PRIVATE_UTIL_H__ */
diff --git a/deps/pcre/LICENCE b/deps/pcre/LICENCE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57a5448
--- /dev/null
+++ b/deps/pcre/LICENCE
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+PCRE LICENCE
+------------
+
+PCRE is a library of functions to support regular expressions whose syntax
+and semantics are as close as possible to those of the Perl 5 language.
+
+Release 8 of PCRE is distributed under the terms of the "BSD" licence, as
+specified below. The documentation for PCRE, supplied in the "doc"
+directory, is distributed under the same terms as the software itself. The data
+in the testdata directory is not copyrighted and is in the public domain.
+
+The basic library functions are written in C and are freestanding. Also
+included in the distribution is a set of C++ wrapper functions, and a
+just-in-time compiler that can be used to optimize pattern matching. These
+are both optional features that can be omitted when the library is built.
+
+
+THE BASIC LIBRARY FUNCTIONS
+---------------------------
+
+Written by:       Philip Hazel
+Email local part: ph10
+Email domain:     cam.ac.uk
+
+University of Cambridge Computing Service,
+Cambridge, England.
+
+Copyright (c) 1997-2020 University of Cambridge
+All rights reserved.
+
+
+PCRE JUST-IN-TIME COMPILATION SUPPORT
+-------------------------------------
+
+Written by:       Zoltan Herczeg
+Email local part: hzmester
+Email domain:     freemail.hu
+
+Copyright(c) 2010-2020 Zoltan Herczeg
+All rights reserved.
+
+
+STACK-LESS JUST-IN-TIME COMPILER
+--------------------------------
+
+Written by:       Zoltan Herczeg
+Email local part: hzmester
+Email domain:     freemail.hu
+
+Copyright(c) 2009-2020 Zoltan Herczeg
+All rights reserved.
+
+
+THE C++ WRAPPER FUNCTIONS
+-------------------------
+
+Contributed by:   Google Inc.
+
+Copyright (c) 2007-2012, Google Inc.
+All rights reserved.
+
+
+THE "BSD" LICENCE
+-----------------
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    * Neither the name of the University of Cambridge nor the name of Google
+      Inc. nor the names of their contributors may be used to endorse or
+      promote products derived from this software without specific prior
+      written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+End
diff --git a/deps/pcre/pcre.h b/deps/pcre/pcre.h
index 15592b9..5b147b9 100644
--- a/deps/pcre/pcre.h
+++ b/deps/pcre/pcre.h
@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 /* The current PCRE version information. */
 
 #define PCRE_MAJOR          8
-#define PCRE_MINOR          42
+#define PCRE_MINOR          44
 #define PCRE_PRERELEASE
-#define PCRE_DATE           2018-03-20
+#define PCRE_DATE           2020-02-12
 
 #define PCRE_EXP_DECL  extern
 
diff --git a/deps/pcre/pcre_compile.c b/deps/pcre/pcre_compile.c
index 02de494..a3f20fd 100644
--- a/deps/pcre/pcre_compile.c
+++ b/deps/pcre/pcre_compile.c
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 and semantics are as close as possible to those of the Perl 5 language.
 
                        Written by Philip Hazel
-           Copyright (c) 1997-2016 University of Cambridge
+           Copyright (c) 1997-2020 University of Cambridge
 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ COMPILE_PCREx macro will already be appropriately set. */
 
 /* Macro for setting individual bits in class bitmaps. */
 
-#define SETBIT(a,b) a[(b)/8] |= (1 << ((b)&7))
+#define SETBIT(a,b) a[(b)/8] |= (1U << ((b)&7))
 
 /* Maximum length value to check against when making sure that the integer that
 holds the compiled pattern length does not overflow. We make it a bit less than
@@ -129,8 +129,8 @@ overrun before it actually does run off the end of the data block. */
 
 /* Private flags added to firstchar and reqchar. */
 
-#define REQ_CASELESS    (1 << 0)        /* Indicates caselessness */
-#define REQ_VARY        (1 << 1)        /* Reqchar followed non-literal item */
+#define REQ_CASELESS    (1U << 0)        /* Indicates caselessness */
+#define REQ_VARY        (1U << 1)        /* Reqchar followed non-literal item */
 /* Negative values for the firstchar and reqchar flags */
 #define REQ_UNSET       (-2)
 #define REQ_NONE        (-1)
@@ -3299,7 +3299,7 @@ for(;;)
       if ((*xclass_flags & XCL_MAP) == 0)
         {
         /* No bits are set for characters < 256. */
-        if (list[1] == 0) return TRUE;
+        if (list[1] == 0) return (*xclass_flags & XCL_NOT) == 0;
         /* Might be an empty repeat. */
         continue;
         }
@@ -3611,7 +3611,7 @@ for(;;)
       if (chr > 255) break;
       class_bitset = (pcre_uint8 *)
         ((list_ptr == list ? code : base_end) - list_ptr[2]);
-      if ((class_bitset[chr >> 3] & (1 << (chr & 7))) != 0) return FALSE;
+      if ((class_bitset[chr >> 3] & (1U << (chr & 7))) != 0) return FALSE;
       break;
 
 #if defined SUPPORT_UTF || !defined COMPILE_PCRE8
@@ -7135,17 +7135,19 @@ for (;; ptr++)
           int n = 0;
           ptr++;
           while(IS_DIGIT(*ptr))
+            {
             n = n * 10 + *ptr++ - CHAR_0;
+            if (n > 255)
+              {
+              *errorcodeptr = ERR38;
+              goto FAILED;
+              }
+            }
           if (*ptr != CHAR_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS)
             {
             *errorcodeptr = ERR39;
             goto FAILED;
             }
-          if (n > 255)
-            {
-            *errorcodeptr = ERR38;
-            goto FAILED;
-            }
           *code++ = n;
           PUT(code, 0, (int)(ptr - cd->start_pattern + 1)); /* Pattern offset */
           PUT(code, LINK_SIZE, 0);                          /* Default length */
@@ -7461,7 +7463,7 @@ for (;; ptr++)
               {
               open_capitem *oc;
               recno = GET2(slot, 0);
-              cd->backref_map |= (recno < 32)? (1 << recno) : 1;
+              cd->backref_map |= (recno < 32)? (1U << recno) : 1;
               if (recno > cd->top_backref) cd->top_backref = recno;
 
               /* Check to see if this back reference is recursive, that it, it
@@ -7647,6 +7649,8 @@ for (;; ptr++)
         /* Can't determine a first byte now */
 
         if (firstcharflags == REQ_UNSET) firstcharflags = REQ_NONE;
+        zerofirstchar = firstchar;
+        zerofirstcharflags = firstcharflags;
         continue;
 
 
@@ -8070,7 +8074,7 @@ for (;; ptr++)
         item_hwm_offset = cd->hwm - cd->start_workspace;
         *code++ = ((options & PCRE_CASELESS) != 0)? OP_REFI : OP_REF;
         PUT2INC(code, 0, recno);
-        cd->backref_map |= (recno < 32)? (1 << recno) : 1;
+        cd->backref_map |= (recno < 32)? (1U << recno) : 1;
         if (recno > cd->top_backref) cd->top_backref = recno;
 
         /* Check to see if this back reference is recursive, that it, it
@@ -8683,14 +8687,22 @@ do {
             op == OP_SCBRA || op == OP_SCBRAPOS)
      {
      int n = GET2(scode, 1+LINK_SIZE);
-     int new_map = bracket_map | ((n < 32)? (1 << n) : 1);
+     int new_map = bracket_map | ((n < 32)? (1U << n) : 1);
      if (!is_anchored(scode, new_map, cd, atomcount)) return FALSE;
      }
 
-   /* Positive forward assertions and conditions */
+   /* Positive forward assertion */
+
+   else if (op == OP_ASSERT)
+     {
+     if (!is_anchored(scode, bracket_map, cd, atomcount)) return FALSE;
+     }
+
+   /* Condition; not anchored if no second branch */
 
-   else if (op == OP_ASSERT || op == OP_COND)
+   else if (op == OP_COND)
      {
+     if (scode[GET(scode,1)] != OP_ALT) return FALSE;
      if (!is_anchored(scode, bracket_map, cd, atomcount)) return FALSE;
      }
 
@@ -8803,7 +8815,7 @@ do {
             op == OP_SCBRA || op == OP_SCBRAPOS)
      {
      int n = GET2(scode, 1+LINK_SIZE);
-     int new_map = bracket_map | ((n < 32)? (1 << n) : 1);
+     int new_map = bracket_map | ((n < 32)? (1U << n) : 1);
      if (!is_startline(scode, new_map, cd, atomcount, inassert)) return FALSE;
      }
 
diff --git a/deps/pcre/pcre_jit_compile.c b/deps/pcre/pcre_jit_compile.c
index 2bad74b..4dcf8fc 100644
--- a/deps/pcre/pcre_jit_compile.c
+++ b/deps/pcre/pcre_jit_compile.c
@@ -3938,10 +3938,10 @@ static sljit_s32 character_to_int32(pcre_uchar chr)
 sljit_s32 value = (sljit_s32)chr;
 #if defined COMPILE_PCRE8
 #define SSE2_COMPARE_TYPE_INDEX 0
-return (value << 24) | (value << 16) | (value << 8) | value;
+return ((unsigned int)value << 24) | ((unsigned int)value << 16) | ((unsigned int)value << 8) | (unsigned int)value;
 #elif defined COMPILE_PCRE16
 #define SSE2_COMPARE_TYPE_INDEX 1
-return (value << 16) | value;
+return ((unsigned int)value << 16) | value;
 #elif defined COMPILE_PCRE32
 #define SSE2_COMPARE_TYPE_INDEX 2
 return value;
@@ -8507,7 +8507,7 @@ if (opcode == OP_ONCE)
   /* We temporarily encode the needs_control_head in the lowest bit.
      Note: on the target architectures of SLJIT the ((x << 1) >> 1) returns
      the same value for small signed numbers (including negative numbers). */
-  BACKTRACK_AS(bracket_backtrack)->u.framesize = (BACKTRACK_AS(bracket_backtrack)->u.framesize << 1) | (needs_control_head ? 1 : 0);
+  BACKTRACK_AS(bracket_backtrack)->u.framesize = ((unsigned int)BACKTRACK_AS(bracket_backtrack)->u.framesize << 1) | (needs_control_head ? 1 : 0);
   }
 return cc + repeat_length;
 }
@@ -9002,7 +9002,7 @@ if (exact > 1)
 #ifdef SUPPORT_UTF
       && !common->utf
 #endif
-      )
+      && type != OP_ANYNL && type != OP_EXTUNI)
     {
     OP2(SLJIT_ADD, TMP1, 0, STR_PTR, 0, SLJIT_IMM, IN_UCHARS(exact));
     add_jump(compiler, &backtrack->topbacktracks, CMP(SLJIT_GREATER, TMP1, 0, STR_END, 0));
diff --git a/deps/pcre/pcreposix.c b/deps/pcre/pcreposix.c
index 77dbddb..f9e423b 100644
--- a/deps/pcre/pcreposix.c
+++ b/deps/pcre/pcreposix.c
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 and semantics are as close as possible to those of the Perl 5 language.
 
                        Written by Philip Hazel
-           Copyright (c) 1997-2018 University of Cambridge
+           Copyright (c) 1997-2020 University of Cambridge
 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -287,6 +287,7 @@ if (preg->re_pcre == NULL)
 (void)pcre_fullinfo((const pcre *)preg->re_pcre, NULL, PCRE_INFO_CAPTURECOUNT,
   &re_nsub);
 preg->re_nsub = (size_t)re_nsub;
+preg->re_erroffset = (size_t)(-1);  /* No meaning after successful compile */
 return 0;
 }
 
@@ -324,8 +325,6 @@ if ((eflags & PCRE_REG_NOTBOL) != 0) options |= PCRE_NOTBOL;
 if ((eflags & PCRE_REG_NOTEOL) != 0) options |= PCRE_NOTEOL;
 if ((eflags & PCRE_REG_NOTEMPTY) != 0) options |= PCRE_NOTEMPTY;
 
-((pcre_regex_t *)preg)->re_erroffset = (size_t)(-1);  /* Only has meaning after compile */
-
 /* When no string data is being returned, or no vector has been passed in which
 to put it, ensure that nmatch is zero. Otherwise, ensure the vector for holding
 the return data is large enough. */
diff --git a/deps/zlib/CMakeLists.txt b/deps/zlib/CMakeLists.txt
index afa5a19..435877d 100644
--- a/deps/zlib/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/deps/zlib/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-DISABLE_WARNINGS(implicit-fallthrough)
-ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DNO_VIZ -DSTDC -DNO_GZIP)
-FILE(GLOB SRC_ZLIB "*.c" "*.h")
-INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(".")
-ADD_LIBRARY(zlib OBJECT ${SRC_ZLIB})
+disable_warnings(implicit-fallthrough)
+add_definitions(-DNO_VIZ -DSTDC -DNO_GZIP)
+file(GLOB SRC_ZLIB "*.c" "*.h")
+list(SORT SRC_ZLIB)
+include_directories(".")
+add_library(zlib OBJECT ${SRC_ZLIB})
diff --git a/deps/zlib/deflate.c b/deps/zlib/deflate.c
index 1ec7614..8d44869 100644
--- a/deps/zlib/deflate.c
+++ b/deps/zlib/deflate.c
@@ -320,6 +320,7 @@ int ZEXPORT deflateInit2_(strm, level, method, windowBits, memLevel, strategy,
 
     s->window = (Bytef *) ZALLOC(strm, s->w_size, 2*sizeof(Byte));
     s->prev   = (Posf *)  ZALLOC(strm, s->w_size, sizeof(Pos));
+    memset(s->prev, 0, s->w_size * sizeof(Pos));
     s->head   = (Posf *)  ZALLOC(strm, s->hash_size, sizeof(Pos));
 
     s->high_water = 0;      /* nothing written to s->window yet */
diff --git a/docs/changelog.md b/docs/changelog.md
index af80d48..1bbbe60 100644
--- a/docs/changelog.md
+++ b/docs/changelog.md
@@ -1,5 +1,448 @@
-v0.28 + 1
----------
+vNext
+-----
+
+### Changes or improvements
+
+* Branch and tag name validation functions have been introduced:
+  `git_branch_name_is_valid` will check if a branch name is valid,
+  and `git_tag_name_is_valid` will check if a tag name is valid.
+
+* Some remote and reference validity checking functions have been
+  introduced with error reporting semantics.  `git_remote_name_is_valid`
+  replaces `git_remote_is_valid_name`.  `git_reference_name_is_valid`
+  replaces `git_reference_is_valid_name`.  Tthe former functions are
+  deprecated.
+
+### Breaking CMake configuration changes
+
+The `MVSC_CRTDBG` configuration option is now `WIN32_LEAKCHECK`.
+
+v1.1
+----
+
+This is release v1.1, "Fernweh".
+
+### Changes or improvements
+
+* Our bundled PCRE dependency has been updated to 8.44.
+
+* The `refs/remotes/origin/HEAD` file will be created at clone time to
+  point to the origin's default branch.
+
+* libgit2 now uses the `__atomic_` intrinsics instead of `__sync_`
+  intrinsics on supported gcc and clang versions.
+
+* The `init.defaultBranch` setting is now respected and `master` is
+  no longer the hardcoded as the default branch name.
+
+* Patch files that do not contain an `index` line can now be parsed.
+
+* Configuration files with multi-line values can now contain quotes
+  split across multiple lines.
+
+* Windows clients now attempt to use TLS1.3 when available.
+
+* Servers that request an upgrade to a newer HTTP version are
+  silently ignored instead of erroneously failing.
+
+* Users can pass `NULL` to the options argument to
+  `git_describe_commit`.
+
+* Clones and fetches of very large packfiles now succeeds on 32-bit
+  platforms.
+
+* Custom reference database backends can now handle the repository's
+  `HEAD` correctly.
+
+* Repositories with a large number of packfiles no longer exhaust the
+  number of file descriptors.
+
+* The test framework now supports TAP output when the `-t` flag is
+  specified.
+
+* The test framework can now specify an exact match to a test
+  function using a trailing `$`.
+
+* All checkout types support `GIT_CHECKOUT_DISABLE_PATHSPEC_MATCH`.
+
+* `git_blame` now can ignore whitespace changes using the option
+  `GIT_BLAME_IGNORE_WHITESPACE`.
+
+* Several new examples have been created, including an examples for
+  commit, add and push.
+
+* Mode changes during rename are now supported in patch application.
+
+* `git_checkout_head` now correctly removes untracked files in a
+  subdirectory when the `FORCE | REMOVE_UNTRACKED` options are specified.
+
+v1.0.1
+------
+
+This is a bugfix release with the following changes:
+
+- Calculating information about renamed files during merges is more
+  efficient because dissimilarity about files is now being cached and
+  no longer needs to be recomputed.
+  
+- The `git_worktree_prune_init_options` has been correctly restored for
+  backward compatibility.  In v1.0 it was incorrectly deprecated with a
+  typo.
+
+- The optional ntlmclient dependency now supports NetBSD.
+
+- A bug where attempting to stash on a bare repository may have failed
+  has been fixed.
+
+- Configuration files that are unreadable due to permissions are now
+  silently ignored, and treated as if they do not exist.  This matches
+  git's behavior; previously this case would have been an error.
+
+- v4 index files are now correctly written; previously we would read
+  them correctly but would not write the prefix-compression accurately,
+  causing corruption.
+
+- A bug where the smart HTTP transport could not read large data packets
+  has been fixed.  Previously, fetching from servers like Gerrit, that
+  sent large data packets, would error.
+
+v1.0
+----
+
+This is release v1.0 "Luftschloss", which is the first stabe release of
+libgit2. The API will stay compatible across all releases of the same major
+version. This release includes bugfixes only and supersedes v0.99, which will
+stop being maintained. Both v0.27 and v0.28 stay supported in accordance with
+our release policy.
+
+### Changes or improvements
+
+- CMake was converted to make use of the GNUInstallDirs module for both our
+  pkgconfig and install targets in favor of our custom build options
+  `BIN_INSTALL_DIR`, `LIB_INSTALL_DIR` and `INCLUDE_INSTALL_DIR`. Instead, you
+  can now use CMakes standard variables `CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR`,
+  `CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR` and `CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR`.
+
+- Some CMake build options accepted either a specific value or a boolean value
+  to disable the option altogether or use automatic detection. We only accepted
+  "ON" or "OFF", but none of the other values CMake recognizes as boolean. This
+  was aligned with CMake's understanding of booleans.
+
+- The installed pkgconfig file contained incorrect values for both `libdir` and
+  `includedir` variables.
+
+- If using pcre2 for regular expressions, then we incorrectly added "pcre2"
+  instead of "pcre2-8" to our pkgconfig dependencies, which was corrected.
+
+- Fixed building the bundled ntlmclient dependency on FreeBSD, OpenBSD and
+  SunOS.
+
+- When writing symlinks on Windows, we incorrectly handled relative symlink
+  targets, which was corrected.
+
+- When using the HTTP protocol via macOS' SecureTransport implementation, reads
+  could stall at the end of the session and only continue after a timeout of 60
+  seconds was reached.
+
+- The filesystem-based reference callback didn't corectly initialize the backend
+  version.
+
+- A segmentation fault was fixed when calling `git_blame_buffer()` for files
+  that were modified and added to the index.
+
+- A backwards-incompatible change was introduced when we moved some structures
+  from "git2/credentials.h" into "git2/sys/credentials.h". This was fixed in the
+  case where you do not use hard deprecation.
+
+- Improved error handling in various places.
+
+
+v0.99
+-----
+
+This is v0.99 "Torschlusspanik".  This will be the last minor release
+before libgit2 v1.0.  We expect to only respond to bugs in this release,
+to stabilize it for next major release.
+
+It contains significant refactorings, but is expected to be API-compatible
+with v0.28.0.
+
+### Changes or improvements
+
+* When fetching from an anonymous remote using a URL with authentication
+  information provided in the URL (eg `https://foo:bar@example.com/repo`),
+  we would erroneously include the literal URL in the FETCH_HEAD file.
+  We now remove that to match git's behavior.
+
+* Some credential structures, enums and values have been renamed:
+  `git_cred` is now `git_credential`.  `git_credtype_t` is now
+  `git_credential_t`.  Functions and types beginning with
+  `git_cred_` now begin with `git_credential`, and constants beginning
+  with `GIT_CREDTYPE` now begin with `GIT_CREDENTIAL`.  The former names
+  are deprecated.
+
+* Several function signatures have been changed to return an `int` to
+  indicate error conditions.  We encourage you to check them for errors
+  in the standard way. 
+
+  * `git_attr_cache_flush`
+  * `git_error_set_str`
+  * `git_index_name_clear`
+  * `git_index_reuc_clear`
+  * `git_libgit2_version`
+  * `git_mempack_reset`
+  * `git_oid_cpy`
+  * `git_oid_fmt`
+  * `git_oid_fromraw`
+  * `git_oid_nfmt`
+  * `git_oid_pathfmt`
+  * `git_remote_stop`
+  * `git_remote_disconnect`
+  * `git_repository__cleanup`
+  * `git_repository_set_config`
+  * `git_repository_set_index`
+  * `git_repository_set_odb`
+  * `git_repository_set_refdb`
+  * `git_revwalk_reset`
+  * `git_revwalk_simplify_first_parent`
+  * `git_revwalk_sorting`
+  * `git_treebuilder_clear`
+  * `git_treebuilder_filter`
+
+* The NTLM and Negotiate authentication mechanisms are now supported when
+  talking to git implementations hosted on Apache or nginx servers.
+
+* The `HEAD` symbolic reference can no longer be deleted.
+
+* `git_merge_driver_source_repo` no longer returns a `const git_repository *`,
+  it now returns a non-`const` `git_repository *`.
+
+* Relative symbolic links are now supported on Windows when `core.symlinks`
+  is enabled.
+
+* Servers that provide query parameters with a redirect are now supported.
+
+* `git_submodule_sync` will now resolve relative URLs.
+
+* When creating git endpoint URLs, double-slashes are no longer used when
+  the given git URL has a trailing slash.
+
+* On Windows, a `DllMain` function is no longer included and thread-local
+  storage has moved to fiber-local storage in order to prevent race
+  conditions during shutdown.
+
+* The tracing mechanism (`GIT_TRACE`) is now enabled by default and does
+  not need to be explicitly enabled in CMake.
+
+* The size of Git objects is now represented by `git_object_size_t`
+  instead of `off_t`.
+
+* Binary patches without data can now be parsed.
+
+* A configuration snapshot can now be created from another configuration
+  snapshot, not just a "true" configuration object.
+
+* The `git_commit_with_signature` API will now ensure that referenced
+  objects exist in the object database.
+
+* Stash messages containing newlines will now be replaced with spaces;
+  they will no longer be (erroneously) written to the repository.
+
+* `git_commit_create_with_signature` now verifies the commit information
+  to ensure that it points to a valid tree and valid parents.
+
+* `git_apply` has an option `GIT_APPLY_CHECK` that will only do a dry-run.
+  The index and working directory will remain unmodified, and application
+  will report if it would have worked.
+
+* Patches produced by Mercurial (those that lack some git extended headers)
+  can now be parsed and applied.
+
+* Reference locks are obeyed correctly on POSIX platforms, instead of
+  being removed.
+
+* Patches with empty new files can now be read and applied.
+
+* `git_apply_to_tree` can now correctly apply patches that add new files.
+
+* The program data configuration on Windows (`C:\ProgramData\Git\config`)
+  must be owned by an administrator, a system account or the current user
+  to be read.
+
+* `git_blob_filtered_content` is now deprecated in favor of `git_blob_filter`.
+
+* Configuration files can now be included conditionally using the
+  `onbranch` conditional.
+
+* Checkout can now properly create and remove symbolic links to directories
+  on Windows.
+
+* Stash no longer recomputes trees when committing a worktree, for
+  improved performance.
+
+* Repository templates can now include a `HEAD` file to default the
+  initial default branch.
+
+* Some configuration structures, enums and values have been renamed:
+  `git_cvar_map` is now `git_configmap`, `git_cvar_t` is now
+  `git_configmap_t`, `GIT_CVAR_FALSE` is now `GIT_CONFIGMAP_FALSE`,
+  `GIT_CVAR_TRUE` is now `GIT_CONFIGMAP_TRUE`, `GIT_CVAR_INT32` is now
+  `GIT_CONFIGMAP_INT32`, and `GIT_CVAR_STRING` is now `GIT_CONFIGMAP_STRING`.
+  The former names are deprecated.
+
+* Repositories can now be created at the root of a Windows drive.
+
+* Configuration lookups are now more efficiently cached.
+
+* `git_commit_create_with_signature` now supports a `NULL` signature,
+  which will create a commit without adding a signature.
+
+* When a repository lacks an `info` "common directory", we will no
+  longer erroneously return `GIT_ENOTFOUND` for all attribute lookups.
+
+* Several attribute macros have been renamed: `GIT_ATTR_TRUE` is now
+  `GIT_ATTR_IS_TRUE`, `GIT_ATTR_FALSE` is now `GIT_ATTR_IS_FALSE`,
+  `GIT_ATTR_UNSPECIFIED` is now `GIT_ATTR_IS_UNSPECIFIED`.  The 
+  attribute enum `git_attr_t` is now `git_attr_value_t` and its
+  values have been renamed: `GIT_ATTR_UNSPECIFIED_T` is now
+  `GIT_ATTR_VALUE_UNSPECIFIED`, `GIT_ATTR_TRUE_T` is now
+  `GIT_ATTR_VALUE_TRUE`, `GIT_ATTR_FALSE_T` is now `GIT_ATTR_VALUE_FALSE`,
+  and `GIT_ATTR_VALUE_T` is now `GIT_ATTR_VALUE_STRING`.  The
+  former names are deprecated.
+
+* `git_object__size` is now `git_object_size`.  The former name is
+  deprecated.
+
+* `git_tag_create_frombuffer` is now `git_tag_create_from_buffer`.  The
+  former name is deprecated.
+
+* Several blob creation functions have been renamed:
+  `git_blob_create_frombuffer` is now named `git_blob_create_from_buffer`,
+  `git_blob_create_fromdisk` is now named `git_blob_create_from_disk`,
+  `git_blob_create_fromworkdir` is now named `git_blob_create_from_workdir`,
+  `git_blob_create_fromstream` is now named `git_blob_create_from_stream`,
+  and `git_blob_create_fromstream_commit` is now named
+  `git_blob_create_from_stream_commit`.  The former names are deprecated.
+
+* The function `git_oid_iszero` is now named `git_oid_is_zero`.  The
+  former name is deprecated.
+
+* Pattern matching is now done using `wildmatch` instead of `fnmatch`
+  for compatibility with git.
+
+* The option initialization functions suffixed by `init_options` are now
+  suffixed with `options_init`.  (For example, `git_checkout_init_options`
+  is now `git_checkout_options_init`.)  The former names are deprecated.
+
+* NTLM2 authentication is now supported on non-Windows platforms.
+
+* The `git_cred_sign_callback` callback is now named `git_cred_sign_cb`.
+  The `git_cred_ssh_interactive_callback` callback is now named
+  `git_cred_ssh_interactive_cb`.
+
+* Ignore files now:
+
+  * honor escaped trailing whitespace.
+  * do not incorrectly negate sibling paths of a negated pattern.
+  * honor rules that stop ignoring files after a wildcard
+
+* Attribute files now:
+
+  * honor leading and trailing whitespace.
+  * treat paths beginning with `\` as absolute only on Windows.
+  * properly handle escaped characters.
+  * stop reading macros defined in subdirectories
+
+* The C locale is now correctly used when parsing regular expressions.
+
+* The system PCRE2 or PCRE regular expression libraries are now used
+  when `regcomp_l` is not available on the system.  If none of these
+  are available on the system, an included version of PCRE is used.
+
+* Wildcards in reference specifications are now supported beyond simply
+  a bare wildcard (`*`) for compatibility with git.
+
+* When `git_ignore_path_is_ignored` is provided a path with a trailing
+  slash (eg, `dir/`), it will now treat it as a directory for the
+  purposes of ignore matching.
+
+* Patches that add or remove a file with a space in the path can now
+  be correctly parsed.
+
+* The `git_remote_completion_type` type is now `git_remote_completion_t`.
+  The former name is deprecated.
+
+* The `git_odb_backend_malloc` is now `git_odb_backend_data_alloc`.  The
+  former name is deprecated.
+
+* The `git_transfer_progress_cb` callback is now `git_indexer_progress_cb`
+  and the `git_transfer_progress` structure is now `git_indexer_progress`.
+  The former names are deprecated.
+
+* The example projects are now contained in a single `lg2` executable
+  for ease of use.
+
+* libgit2 now correctly handles more URLs, such as
+  `http://example.com:/repo.git` (colon but no port),
+  `http://example.com` (no path),
+  and `http://example.com:8080/` (path is /, nonstandard port).
+
+* A carefully constructed commit object with a very large number
+  of parents may lead to potential out-of-bounds writes or
+  potential denial of service.
+
+* The ProgramData configuration file is always read for compatibility
+  with Git for Windows and Portable Git installations.  The ProgramData
+  location is not necessarily writable only by administrators, so we
+  now ensure that the configuration file is owned by the administrator
+  or the current user.
+
+### API additions
+
+* The SSH host key now supports SHA-256 when `GIT_CERT_SSH_SHA256` is set.
+
+* The diff format option `GIT_DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH_ID` can now be used to
+  emit an output like `git patch-id`.
+
+* The `git_apply_options_init` function will initialize a
+  `git_apply_options` structure.
+
+* The remote callbacks structure adds a `git_url_resolve_cb` callback
+  that is invoked when connecting to a server, so that applications
+  may edit or replace the URL before connection.
+
+* The information about the original `HEAD` in a rebase operation is
+  available with `git_rebase_orig_head_name`.  Its ID is available with
+  `git_rebase_orig_head_id`.  The `onto` reference name is available with
+  `git_rebase_onto_name` and its ID is available with `git_rebase_onto_id`.
+
+* ODB backends can now free backend data when an error occurs during its
+  backend data creation using `git_odb_backend_data_free`.
+
+* Options may be specified to `git_repository_foreach_head` to control
+  its behavior: `GIT_REPOSITORY_FOREACH_HEAD_SKIP_REPO` will not skip
+  the main repository's HEAD reference, while
+  `GIT_REPOSITORY_FOREACH_HEAD_SKIP_WORKTREES` will now skip the
+  worktree HEAD references.
+
+* The `GIT_OPT_DISABLE_PACK_KEEP_FILE_CHECKS` option can be specified to
+  `git_libgit2_opts()` to avoid looking for `.keep` files that correspond
+  to packfiles.  This setting can improve performance when packfiles are
+  stored on high-latency filesystems like network filesystems.
+
+* Blobs can now be filtered with `git_blob_filter`, which allows for
+  options to be set with `git_blob_filter_options`, including
+  `GIT_FILTER_NO_SYSTEM_ATTRIBUTES` to disable filtering with system-level
+  attributes in `/etc/gitattributes` and `GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_HEAD` to
+  enable filtering with `.gitattributes` files in the HEAD revision.
+
+### API removals
+
+* The unused `git_headlist_cb` function declaration was removed.
+
+* The unused `git_time_monotonic` API is removed.
+
+* The erroneously exported `inttypes.h` header was removed.
 
 # Security Fixes
 
@@ -85,22 +528,62 @@ v0.28 + 1
   "CollisionDetection". If you were using `SHA1_BACKEND` previously, you'll
   need to check the value you've used, or switch to the autodetection.
 
-### Changes or improvements
-
-* libgit2 now correctly handles more URLs, such as
-  `http://example.com:/repo.git` (colon but no port),
-  `http://example.com` (no path),
-  and `http://example.com:8080/` (path is /, nonstandard port).
-
-* A carefully constructed commit object with a very large number
-  of parents may lead to potential out-of-bounds writes or
-  potential denial of service.
-
-* The ProgramData configuration file is always read for compatibility
-  with Git for Windows and Portable Git installations.  The ProgramData
-  location is not necessarily writable only by administrators, so we
-  now ensure that the configuration file is owned by the administrator
-  or the current user.
+### Authors
+
+The following individuals provided changes that were included in this
+release:
+
+* Aaron Patterson
+* Alberto Fanjul
+* Anders Borum
+* Augie Fackler
+* Augustin Fabre
+* Ayush Shridhar
+* brian m. carlson
+* buddyspike
+* Carlos Martín Nieto
+* cheese1
+* Dan Skorupski
+* Daniel Cohen Gindi
+* Dave Lee
+* David Brooks
+* David Turner
+* Denis Laxalde
+* Dhruva Krishnamurthy
+* Dominik Ritter
+* Drew DeVault
+* Edward Thomson
+* Eric Huss
+* Erik Aigner
+* Etienne Samson
+* Gregory Herrero
+* Heiko Voigt
+* Ian Hattendorf
+* Jacques Germishuys
+* Janardhan Pulivarthi
+* Jason Haslam
+* Johannes Schindelin
+* Jordan Wallet
+* Josh Bleecher Snyder
+* kas
+* kdj0c
+* Laurence McGlashan
+* lhchavez
+* Lukas Berk
+* Max Kostyukevich
+* Patrick Steinhardt
+* pcpthm
+* Remy Suen
+* Robert Coup
+* romkatv
+* Scott Furry
+* Sebastian Henke
+* Stefan Widgren
+* Steve King Jr
+* Sven Strickroth
+* Tobias Nießen
+* Tyler Ang-Wanek
+* Tyler Wanek
 
 v0.28
 -----
diff --git a/docs/coding-style.md b/docs/coding-style.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8b94d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/coding-style.md
@@ -0,0 +1,364 @@
+# libgit2 Coding Style
+
+This documentation describes the preferred coding style for the libgit2 project.
+While not all parts of our code base conform to this coding style, the outlined
+rules are what we aim for.
+
+Note that in no case do we accept changes that convert huge parts of the code
+base to use our coding style. Instead, it is encouraged to modernize small parts
+of code you're going to modify anyway for a given change you want to introduce.
+A good rule to follow is the Boy Scout Rule: "Leave the campground cleaner than
+you found it."
+
+## C Coding Style
+
+The following sections define the coding style for all code files and headers.
+
+### Indentation and Alignment
+
+Code is indented by tabs, where a tab is 8 spaces. Each opening scope increases
+the indentation level.
+
+```c
+int foobar(int void)
+{
+	if (condition)
+		doit();
+	/* Body */
+}
+```
+
+Switch statements have their `case`s aligned with the `switch` keyword. Case
+bodies are indented by an additional level. Case bodies should not open their
+own scope to declare variables.
+
+```c
+switch (c) {
+case 'a':
+case 'b':
+	return 0;
+default:
+	return -1;
+}
+```
+
+Multi-line conditions should be aligned with the opening brace of the current
+statement:
+
+```c
+if (one_very_long_condition(c) &&
+    another_very_long_condition(c))
+	doit();
+```
+
+### Spaces
+
+There must be no space between the function and its arguments, arguments must be
+separated by a space:
+
+```c
+int doit(int first_arg, int second_arg);
+doit(1, 2);
+```
+
+For any binary or ternary operators, the arguments and separator must be
+separated by a space:
+
+```c
+1 + 2;
+x ? x : NULL;
+```
+
+Unary operators do not have a space between them and the argument they refer to:
+
+```c
+*c
+&c
+```
+
+The `sizeof` operator always must not have a space and must use braces around
+the type:
+
+```
+sizeof(int)
+```
+
+There must be a space after the keywords `if`, `switch`, `case`, `do` and
+`while`.
+
+### Braces
+
+Functions must have their opening brace on the following line:
+
+```c
+void foobar(void)
+{
+	doit();
+}
+```
+
+For conditions, braces should be placed on the same line as the condition:
+
+```c
+if (condition(c)) {
+	doit();
+	dothat();
+}
+
+while (true) {
+	doit();
+}
+```
+
+In case a condition's body has a single line, only, it's allowed to omit braces,
+except if any of its `else if` or `else` branches has more than one line:
+
+```c
+if (condition(c))
+	doit();
+
+if (condition(c))
+	doit();
+else if (other_condition(c))
+	doit();
+
+/* This example must use braces as the `else if` requires them. */
+if (condition(c)) {
+	doit();
+} else if (other_condition(c)) {
+	doit();
+	dothat();
+} else {
+	abort();
+}
+```
+
+### Comments
+
+Comments must use C-style `/* */` comments. C++-style `// `comments are not
+allowed in our codebase. This is a strict requirement as libgit2 tries to be
+compliant with the ISO C90 standard, which only allows C-style comments.
+
+Single-line comments may have their opening and closing tag on the same line:
+
+```c
+/* This is a short comment. */
+```
+
+For multi-line comments, the opening and closing tag should be empty:
+
+```c
+/*
+ * This is a rather long and potentially really unwiedly but informative
+ * multiline comment that helps quite a lot.
+ */
+```
+
+Public functions must have documentation that explain their usage, internal
+functions should have a comment. We use Docurium to generate documentation
+derived from these comments, which uses syntax similar to Doxygen. The first
+line should be a short summary of what the function does. More in-depth
+explanation should be separated from that first line by an empty line.
+Parameters and return values should be documented via `@return` and `@param`
+tags:
+
+```c
+/*
+ * Froznicate the string.
+ *
+ * Froznicate the string by foobaring its internal structure into a more obvious
+ * translation. Note that the returned string is a newly allocated string that
+ * shall be `free`d by the caller.
+ *
+ * @param s String to froznicate
+ * @return A newly allocated string or `NULL` in case an error occurred.
+ */
+char *froznicate(const char *s);
+```
+
+### Variables
+
+Variables must be declared at the beginning of their scope. This is a strict
+requirement as libgit2 tries to be compliant with the ISO C90 standard, which
+forbids mixed declarations and code:
+
+```c
+void foobar(void)
+{
+	char *c = NULL;
+	int a, b;
+
+	a = 0;
+	b = 1;
+
+	return c;
+}
+```
+
+### Naming
+
+Variables must have all-lowercase names. In case a variable name has multiple
+words, words should be separated by an underscore `_` character. While
+recommended to use descriptive naming, common variable names like `i` for
+indices are allowed.
+
+All public functions must have a `git` prefix as well as a prefix indicating
+their respective subsystem. E.g. a function that opens a repository should be
+called `git_repository_open()`. Functions that are not public but declared in
+an internal header file for use by other subsystems should follow the same
+naming pattern. File-local static functions must not have a `git` prefix, but
+should have a prefix indicating their respective subsystem.
+
+All structures declared in the libgit2 project must have a `typedef`, we do not
+use `struct type` variables. Type names follow the same schema as functions.
+
+### Error Handling
+
+The libgit2 project mostly uses error codes to indicate errors. Error codes are
+always of type `int`, where `0` indicates success and a negative error code
+indicates an error case. In some cases, positive error codes may be used to
+indicate special cases. Returned values that are not an error code should be
+returned via an out parameter. Out parameters must always come first in the list
+of arguments.
+
+```c
+int doit(const char **out, int arg)
+{
+	if (!arg)
+		return -1;
+	*out = "Got an argument";
+	return 0;
+}
+```
+
+To avoid repetitive and fragile error handling in case a function has resources
+that need to be free'd, we use `goto out`s:
+
+```c
+int doit(char **out, int arg)
+{
+	int error = 0;
+	char *c;
+
+	c = malloc(strlen("Got an argument") + 1);
+	if (!c) {
+		error = -1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (!arg) {
+		error = -1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	strcpy(c, "Got an argument")
+	*out = c;
+
+out:
+	if (error)
+		free(c);
+	return error;
+}
+```
+
+When calling functions that return an error code, you should assign the error
+code to an `error` variable and, in case an error case is indicated and no
+custom error handling is required, return that error code:
+
+```c
+int foobar(void)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	if ((error = doit()) < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+```
+
+When doing multiple function calls where all of the functions return an error
+code, it's common practice to chain these calls together:
+
+```c
+int doit(void)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	if ((error = dothis()) < 0 ||
+	    (error = dothat()) < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+```
+
+## CMake Coding Style
+
+The following section defines the coding style for our CMake build system.
+
+### Indentation
+
+Code is indented by tabs, where a tab is 8 spaces. Each opening scope increases
+the indentation level.
+
+```cmake
+if(CONDITION)
+	doit()
+endif()
+```
+
+### Spaces
+
+There must be no space between keywords and their opening brace. While this is
+the same as in our C codebase for function calls, this also applies to
+conditional keywords. This is done to avoid the awkward-looking `else ()`
+statement.
+
+```cmake
+if(CONDITION)
+	doit()
+else()
+	dothat()
+endif()
+```
+
+### Case
+
+While CMake is completely case-insensitive when it comes to function calls, we
+want to agree on a common coding style for this. To reduce the danger of
+repetitive strain injuries, all function calls should be lower-case (NB: this is
+not currently the case yet, but introduced as a new coding style by this
+document).
+
+Variables are written all-uppercase. In contrast to functions, variables are
+case-sensitive in CMake. As CMake itself uses upper-case variables in all
+places, we should follow suit and do the same.
+
+Control flow keywords must be all lowercase. In contrast to that, test keywords
+must be all uppercase:
+
+```cmake
+if(NOT CONDITION)
+        doit()
+elseif(FOO AND BAR)
+        dothat()
+endif()
+```
+
+### Targets
+
+CMake code should not use functions that modify the global scope but prefer
+their targeted equivalents, instead. E.g. instead of using
+`include_directories()`, you must use `target_include_directories()`. An
+exception to this rule is setting up global compiler flags like warnings or
+flags required to set up the build type.
+
+### Dependencies
+
+Dependencies should not be discovered or set up in the main "CMakeLists.txt"
+module. Instead, they should either have their own module in our top-level
+"cmake/" directory or have a "CMakeLists.txt" in their respective "deps/"
+directory in case it is a vendored library. All dependencies should expose
+interface library targets that can be linked against with
+`target_link_libraries()`.
diff --git a/docs/contributing.md b/docs/contributing.md
index 21e42b1..f3e559c 100644
--- a/docs/contributing.md
+++ b/docs/contributing.md
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ The bundled dependencies in the `deps` directories are governed
 by the following licenses:
 
 - http-parser is licensed under [MIT license](../deps/http-parser/COPYING)
-- regex is governed by [LGPL v2.1+ license](../deps/regex/COPYING)
+- pcre is governed by [BSD license](../deps/pcre/LICENCE)
 - winhttp is governed by [LGPL v2.1+](../deps/winhttp/COPYING.LGPL) and [GPL v2 with linking exception](../deps/winhttp/COPYING.GPL)
 - zlib is governed by [zlib license](../deps/zlib/COPYING)
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ easily accessible permanent record of the conversation.
 
 ## Libgit2 Versions
 
-The `master` branch is the main branch where development happens.
+The `main` branch is the main branch where development happens.
 Releases are tagged
 (e.g. [v0.21.0](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/releases/tag/v0.21.0) )
 and when a critical bug fix needs to be backported, it will be done on a
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ commit SHA
 Using [`git describe`](http://git-scm.com/docs/git-describe) is a
 great way to tell us what version you're working with.
 
-If you're not running against the latest `master` branch version,
+If you're not running against the latest `main` branch version,
 please compile and test against that to avoid re-reporting an issue that's
 already been fixed.
 
@@ -68,11 +68,11 @@ flow](https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/index.html), where
 contributors fork the [libgit2 repository](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2),
 make their changes on branch, and submit a
 [Pull Request](https://help.github.com/articles/using-pull-requests)
-(a.k.a. "PR").  Pull requests should usually be targeted at the `master`
+(a.k.a. "PR").  Pull requests should usually be targeted at the `main`
 branch.
 
 Life will be a lot easier for you (and us) if you follow this pattern
-(i.e. fork, named branch, submit PR).  If you use your fork's `master`
+(i.e. fork, named branch, submit PR).  If you use your fork's `main`
 branch directly, things can get messy.
 
 Please include a nice description of your changes when you submit your PR;
diff --git a/docs/fuzzing.md b/docs/fuzzing.md
index cd82576..25b32cb 100644
--- a/docs/fuzzing.md
+++ b/docs/fuzzing.md
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 libgit2 is currently using [libFuzzer](https://libfuzzer.info) to perform
 automated fuzz testing. libFuzzer only works with clang.
 
-## Prerequisites** for building fuzz targets:
+## Prerequisites for building fuzz targets:
 
 1. All the prerequisites for [building libgit2](https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2).
 2. A recent version of clang. 6.0 is preferred. [pre-build Debian/Ubuntu
@@ -27,14 +27,15 @@ automated fuzz testing. libFuzzer only works with clang.
 
 ## Run the fuzz targets
 
-1. `ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH=/usr/bin/llvm-symbolize-6.0
+1. `ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH=/usr/bin/llvm-symbolize
    LSAN_OPTIONS=allocator_may_return_null=1
-   ASAN_OPTIONS=allocator_may_return_null=1 ./build/fuzz/fuzz_packfile_raw
-   fuzz/corpora/fuzz_packfile_raw/`
+   ASAN_OPTIONS=allocator_may_return_null=1 ./build/fuzzers/packfile_fuzzer
+   fuzzers/corpora/packfile/`
 
 The `LSAN_OPTIONS` and `ASAN_OPTIONS` are there to allow `malloc(3)` to return
-`NULL`. The `LLVM_PROFILE_FILE` is there to override the path where libFuzzer
-will write the coverage report.
+`NULL`, which is expected if a huge chunk of memory is allocated. The
+`LLVM_PROFILE_FILE` environment string can also be added to override the path
+where libFuzzer will write the coverage report.
 
 ## Get coverage
 
diff --git a/docs/release.md b/docs/release.md
index 22b35ed..3200c44 100644
--- a/docs/release.md
+++ b/docs/release.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Releasing the library
 
-We have three kinds of releases: "full" releases, maintenance releases and security releases. Full ones release the state of the `master` branch whereas maintenance releases provide bugfixes building on top of the currently released series. Security releases are also for the current series but only contain security fixes on top of the previous release.
+We have three kinds of releases: "full" releases, maintenance releases and security releases. Full ones release the state of the `main` branch whereas maintenance releases provide bugfixes building on top of the currently released series. Security releases are also for the current series but only contain security fixes on top of the previous release.
 
 ## Full release
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ followed by the three sections in the changelog. For release candidates we can a
 
 During the freeze, and certainly after the first release candidate, any bindings the core team work with should be updated in order to discover any issues that might come up with the multitude of approaches to memory management, embedding or linking.
 
-Create a branch `maint/v0.X` at the current state of `master` after you've created the tag. This will be used for maintenance releases and lets our dependents track the latest state of the series.
+Create a branch `maint/v0.X` at the current state of `main` after you've created the tag. This will be used for maintenance releases and lets our dependents track the latest state of the series.
 
 ## Maintenance release
 
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ We use docurium to generate our documentation. It is a tool written in ruby whic
 
     gem install docurium
 
-and run it against our description file with the tip of master checked out.
+and run it against our description file with the tip of `main` checked out.
 
     cm doc api.docurium
 
diff --git a/docs/win32-longpaths.md b/docs/win32-longpaths.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a18152f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/win32-longpaths.md
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+core.longpaths support
+======================
+
+Historically, Windows has limited absolute path lengths to `MAX_PATH`
+(260) characters.
+
+Unfortunately, 260 characters is a punishing small maximum.  This is
+especially true for developers where dependencies may have dependencies
+in a folder, each dependency themselves having dependencies in a
+sub-folder, ad (seemingly) infinitum.
+
+So although the Windows APIs _by default_ honor this 260 character
+maximum, you can get around this by using separate APIs.  Git honors a
+`core.longpaths` configuration option that allows some paths on Windows
+to exceed these 260 character limits.
+
+And because they've gone and done it, that means that libgit2 has to
+honor this value, too.
+
+Since `core.longpaths` is a _configuration option_ that means that we
+need to be able to resolve a configuration - including in _the repository
+itself_ in order to know whether long paths should be supported.
+
+Therefore, in libgit2, `core.longpaths` affects paths in working
+directories _only_.  Paths to the repository, and to items inside the
+`.git` folder, must be no longer than 260 characters.
+
+This definition is required to avoid a paradoxical setting: if you
+had a repository in a folder that was 280 characters long, how would
+you know whether `core.longpaths` support should be enabled?  Even if
+`core.longpaths` was set to true in a system configuration file, the
+repository itself may set `core.longpaths` to false in _its_ configuration
+file, which you could only read if `core.longpaths` were set to true.
+
+Thus, `core.longpaths` must _only_ apply to working directory items,
+and cannot apply to the `.git` folder or its contents.
diff --git a/examples/add.c b/examples/add.c
index 6e3c239..542360e 100644
--- a/examples/add.c
+++ b/examples/add.c
@@ -48,9 +48,11 @@ int lg2_add(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv)
 	git_index_matched_path_cb matched_cb = NULL;
 	git_index *index;
 	git_strarray array = {0};
-	struct index_options options;
+	struct index_options options = {0};
 	struct args_info args = ARGS_INFO_INIT;
 
+	options.mode = INDEX_ADD;
+
 	/* Parse the options & arguments. */
 	parse_opts(NULL, &options, &args);
 	strarray_from_args(&array, &args);
diff --git a/examples/blame.c b/examples/blame.c
index 49350fc..954c97b 100644
--- a/examples/blame.c
+++ b/examples/blame.c
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ int lg2_blame(git_repository *repo, int argc, char *argv[])
 	 */
 	if (o.commitspec) {
 		check_lg2(git_revparse(&revspec, repo, o.commitspec), "Couldn't parse commit spec", NULL);
-		if (revspec.flags & GIT_REVPARSE_SINGLE) {
+		if (revspec.flags & GIT_REVSPEC_SINGLE) {
 			git_oid_cpy(&blameopts.newest_commit, git_object_id(revspec.from));
 			git_object_free(revspec.from);
 		} else {
diff --git a/examples/checkout.c b/examples/checkout.c
index 897c42f..ac7b742 100644
--- a/examples/checkout.c
+++ b/examples/checkout.c
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
 #include "common.h"
 
-/* Define the printf format specifer to use for size_t output */
+/* Define the printf format specifier to use for size_t output */
 #if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
 #	define PRIuZ "Iu"
 #	define PRIxZ "Ix"
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ next:
 
 out:
 	git_reference_free(remote_ref);
-	git_strarray_free(&remotes);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&remotes);
 	return error;
 }
 
diff --git a/examples/commit.c b/examples/commit.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd9782d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/commit.c
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * libgit2 "commit" example - shows how to create a git commit
+ *
+ * Written by the libgit2 contributors
+ *
+ * To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright
+ * and related and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain
+ * worldwide. This software is distributed without any warranty.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along
+ * with this software. If not, see
+ * <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>.
+ */
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+/**
+ * This example demonstrates the libgit2 commit APIs to roughly
+ * simulate `git commit` with the commit message argument.
+ *
+ * This does not have:
+ *
+ * - Robust error handling
+ * - Most of the `git commit` options
+ *
+ * This does have:
+ *
+ * - Example of performing a git commit with a comment
+ * 
+ */
+int lg2_commit(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	const char *opt = argv[1];
+	const char *comment = argv[2];
+	int error;
+
+	git_oid commit_oid,tree_oid;
+	git_tree *tree;
+	git_index *index;	
+	git_object *parent = NULL;
+	git_reference *ref = NULL;
+	git_signature *signature;	
+
+	/* Validate args */
+	if (argc < 3 || strcmp(opt, "-m") != 0) {
+		printf ("USAGE: %s -m <comment>\n", argv[0]);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	error = git_revparse_ext(&parent, &ref, repo, "HEAD");
+	if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND) {
+		printf("HEAD not found. Creating first commit\n");
+		error = 0;
+	} else if (error != 0) {
+		const git_error *err = git_error_last();
+		if (err) printf("ERROR %d: %s\n", err->klass, err->message);
+		else printf("ERROR %d: no detailed info\n", error);
+	}
+
+	check_lg2(git_repository_index(&index, repo), "Could not open repository index", NULL);
+	check_lg2(git_index_write_tree(&tree_oid, index), "Could not write tree", NULL);;
+	check_lg2(git_index_write(index), "Could not write index", NULL);;
+
+	check_lg2(git_tree_lookup(&tree, repo, &tree_oid), "Error looking up tree", NULL);
+	
+	check_lg2(git_signature_default(&signature, repo), "Error creating signature", NULL);
+	
+	check_lg2(git_commit_create_v(
+		&commit_oid,
+		repo,
+		"HEAD",
+		signature,
+		signature,
+		NULL,
+		comment,
+		tree,
+		parent ? 1 : 0, parent), "Error creating commit", NULL);
+
+	git_index_free(index);
+	git_signature_free(signature);
+	git_tree_free(tree);	
+
+	return error;
+}
diff --git a/examples/common.h b/examples/common.h
index c01561b..f86e92c 100644
--- a/examples/common.h
+++ b/examples/common.h
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #ifndef PRIuZ
-/* Define the printf format specifer to use for size_t output */
+/* Define the printf format specifier to use for size_t output */
 #if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
 #	define PRIuZ "Iu"
 #else
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ extern int lg2_blame(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
 extern int lg2_cat_file(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
 extern int lg2_checkout(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
 extern int lg2_clone(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
+extern int lg2_commit(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
 extern int lg2_config(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
 extern int lg2_describe(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
 extern int lg2_diff(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ extern int lg2_log(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
 extern int lg2_ls_files(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
 extern int lg2_ls_remote(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
 extern int lg2_merge(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
+extern int lg2_push(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
 extern int lg2_remote(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
 extern int lg2_rev_list(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
 extern int lg2_rev_parse(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv);
diff --git a/examples/general.c b/examples/general.c
index ddc53c3..2127ec0 100644
--- a/examples/general.c
+++ b/examples/general.c
@@ -158,11 +158,6 @@ static void oid_parsing(git_oid *oid)
 	 * If you have a oid, you can easily get the hex value of the SHA as well.
 	 */
 	git_oid_fmt(out, oid);
-
-	/**
-	 * If you have a oid, you can easily get the hex value of the SHA as well.
-	 */
-	git_oid_fmt(out, oid);
 	printf("SHA hex string: %s\n", out);
 }
 
@@ -707,13 +702,13 @@ static void reference_listing(git_repository *repo)
 		git_reference_free(ref);
 	}
 
-	git_strarray_free(&ref_list);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&ref_list);
 }
 
 /**
  * ### Config Files
  *
- * The [config API][config] allows you to list and updatee config values
+ * The [config API][config] allows you to list and update config values
  * in any of the accessible config file locations (system, global, local).
  *
  * [config]: http://libgit2.github.com/libgit2/#HEAD/group/config
diff --git a/examples/lg2.c b/examples/lg2.c
index a3987c3..7946bc2 100644
--- a/examples/lg2.c
+++ b/examples/lg2.c
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ struct {
 	{ "cat-file",     lg2_cat_file,     1 },
 	{ "checkout",     lg2_checkout,     1 },
 	{ "clone",        lg2_clone,        0 },
+	{ "commit",       lg2_commit,       1 },
 	{ "config",       lg2_config,       1 },
 	{ "describe",     lg2_describe,     1 },
 	{ "diff",         lg2_diff,         1 },
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ struct {
 	{ "ls-files",     lg2_ls_files,     1 },
 	{ "ls-remote",    lg2_ls_remote,    1 },
 	{ "merge",        lg2_merge,        1 },
+	{ "push",         lg2_push,        1  },
 	{ "remote",       lg2_remote,       1 },
 	{ "rev-list",     lg2_rev_list,     1 },
 	{ "rev-parse",    lg2_rev_parse,    1 },
diff --git a/examples/log.c b/examples/log.c
index 3eee7d4..9060f3f 100644
--- a/examples/log.c
+++ b/examples/log.c
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ static int add_revision(struct log_state *s, const char *revstr)
 	}
 
 	if (*revstr == '^') {
-		revs.flags = GIT_REVPARSE_SINGLE;
+		revs.flags = GIT_REVSPEC_SINGLE;
 		hide = !hide;
 
 		if (git_revparse_single(&revs.from, s->repo, revstr + 1) < 0)
@@ -253,12 +253,12 @@ static int add_revision(struct log_state *s, const char *revstr)
 	} else if (git_revparse(&revs, s->repo, revstr) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	if ((revs.flags & GIT_REVPARSE_SINGLE) != 0)
+	if ((revs.flags & GIT_REVSPEC_SINGLE) != 0)
 		push_rev(s, revs.from, hide);
 	else {
 		push_rev(s, revs.to, hide);
 
-		if ((revs.flags & GIT_REVPARSE_MERGE_BASE) != 0) {
+		if ((revs.flags & GIT_REVSPEC_MERGE_BASE) != 0) {
 			git_oid base;
 			check_lg2(git_merge_base(&base, s->repo,
 				git_object_id(revs.from), git_object_id(revs.to)),
@@ -434,21 +434,28 @@ static int parse_options(
 		else if (!strcmp(a, "--reverse"))
 			set_sorting(s, GIT_SORT_REVERSE);
 		else if (match_str_arg(&opt->author, &args, "--author"))
-			/** Found valid --author */;
+			/** Found valid --author */
+			;
 		else if (match_str_arg(&opt->committer, &args, "--committer"))
-			/** Found valid --committer */;
+			/** Found valid --committer */
+			;
 		else if (match_str_arg(&opt->grep, &args, "--grep"))
-			/** Found valid --grep */;
+			/** Found valid --grep */
+			;
 		else if (match_str_arg(&s->repodir, &args, "--git-dir"))
-			/** Found git-dir. */;
+			/** Found git-dir. */
+			;
 		else if (match_int_arg(&opt->skip, &args, "--skip", 0))
-			/** Found valid --skip. */;
+			/** Found valid --skip. */
+			;
 		else if (match_int_arg(&opt->limit, &args, "--max-count", 0))
-			/** Found valid --max-count. */;
+			/** Found valid --max-count. */
+			;
 		else if (a[1] >= '0' && a[1] <= '9')
 			is_integer(&opt->limit, a + 1, 0);
 		else if (match_int_arg(&opt->limit, &args, "-n", 0))
-			/** Found valid -n. */;
+			/** Found valid -n. */
+			;
 		else if (!strcmp(a, "--merges"))
 			opt->min_parents = 2;
 		else if (!strcmp(a, "--no-merges"))
@@ -458,9 +465,11 @@ static int parse_options(
 		else if (!strcmp(a, "--no-max-parents"))
 			opt->max_parents = -1;
 		else if (match_int_arg(&opt->max_parents, &args, "--max-parents=", 1))
-			/** Found valid --max-parents. */;
+			/** Found valid --max-parents. */
+			;
 		else if (match_int_arg(&opt->min_parents, &args, "--min-parents=", 0))
-			/** Found valid --min_parents. */;
+			/** Found valid --min_parents. */
+			;
 		else if (!strcmp(a, "-p") || !strcmp(a, "-u") || !strcmp(a, "--patch"))
 			opt->show_diff = 1;
 		else if (!strcmp(a, "--log-size"))
diff --git a/examples/push.c b/examples/push.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bcf3076
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/push.c
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * libgit2 "push" example - shows how to push to remote
+ *
+ * Written by the libgit2 contributors
+ *
+ * To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright
+ * and related and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain
+ * worldwide. This software is distributed without any warranty.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along
+ * with this software. If not, see
+ * <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>.
+ */
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+/**
+ * This example demonstrates the libgit2 push API to roughly
+ * simulate `git push`.
+ *
+ * This does not have:
+ *
+ * - Robust error handling
+ * - Any of the `git push` options
+ *
+ * This does have:
+ *
+ * - Example of push to origin/master
+ * 
+ */
+
+/** Entry point for this command */
+int lg2_push(git_repository *repo, int argc, char **argv) {
+	git_push_options options;
+	git_remote* remote = NULL;
+	char *refspec = "refs/heads/master";
+	const git_strarray refspecs = {
+		&refspec,
+		1
+	};
+
+    /* Validate args */
+	if (argc > 1) {
+		printf ("USAGE: %s\n\nsorry, no arguments supported yet\n", argv[0]);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	check_lg2(git_remote_lookup(&remote, repo, "origin" ), "Unable to lookup remote", NULL);
+	
+	check_lg2(git_push_options_init(&options, GIT_PUSH_OPTIONS_VERSION ), "Error initializing push", NULL);
+
+	check_lg2(git_remote_push(remote, &refspecs, &options), "Error pushing", NULL);
+
+	printf("pushed\n");
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/remote.c b/examples/remote.c
index 34d8865..57f758c 100644
--- a/examples/remote.c
+++ b/examples/remote.c
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ static int cmd_rename(git_repository *repo, struct remote_opts *o)
 		puts(problems.strings[0]);
 	}
 
-	git_strarray_free(&problems);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&problems);
 
 	return retval;
 }
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ static int cmd_show(git_repository *repo, struct remote_opts *o)
 		git_remote_free(remote);
 	}
 
-	git_strarray_free(&remotes);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&remotes);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/examples/rev-list.c b/examples/rev-list.c
index 75fb19e..d10f166 100644
--- a/examples/rev-list.c
+++ b/examples/rev-list.c
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ static int push_range(git_repository *repo, git_revwalk *walk, const char *range
 	if ((error = git_revparse(&revspec, repo, range)))
 		return error;
 
-	if (revspec.flags & GIT_REVPARSE_MERGE_BASE) {
+	if (revspec.flags & GIT_REVSPEC_MERGE_BASE) {
 		/* TODO: support "<commit>...<commit>" */
 		return GIT_EINVALIDSPEC;
 	}
diff --git a/examples/rev-parse.c b/examples/rev-parse.c
index 7d6e998..90258c1 100644
--- a/examples/rev-parse.c
+++ b/examples/rev-parse.c
@@ -69,17 +69,17 @@ static int parse_revision(git_repository *repo, struct parse_state *ps)
 
 	check_lg2(git_revparse(&rs, repo, ps->spec), "Could not parse", ps->spec);
 
-	if ((rs.flags & GIT_REVPARSE_SINGLE) != 0) {
+	if ((rs.flags & GIT_REVSPEC_SINGLE) != 0) {
 		git_oid_tostr(str, sizeof(str), git_object_id(rs.from));
 		printf("%s\n", str);
 		git_object_free(rs.from);
 	}
-	else if ((rs.flags & GIT_REVPARSE_RANGE) != 0) {
+	else if ((rs.flags & GIT_REVSPEC_RANGE) != 0) {
 		git_oid_tostr(str, sizeof(str), git_object_id(rs.to));
 		printf("%s\n", str);
 		git_object_free(rs.to);
 
-		if ((rs.flags & GIT_REVPARSE_MERGE_BASE) != 0) {
+		if ((rs.flags & GIT_REVSPEC_MERGE_BASE) != 0) {
 			git_oid base;
 			check_lg2(git_merge_base(&base, repo,
 						git_object_id(rs.from), git_object_id(rs.to)),
diff --git a/examples/tag.c b/examples/tag.c
index 4408294..e4f71ae 100644
--- a/examples/tag.c
+++ b/examples/tag.c
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ static void action_list_tags(tag_state *state)
 		each_tag(tag_names.strings[i], state);
 	}
 
-	git_strarray_free(&tag_names);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&tag_names);
 }
 
 static void action_delete_tag(tag_state *state)
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ static void action_delete_tag(tag_state *state)
 	git_object_free(obj);
 }
 
-static void action_create_lighweight_tag(tag_state *state)
+static void action_create_lightweight_tag(tag_state *state)
 {
 	git_repository *repo = state->repo;
 	struct tag_options *opts = state->opts;
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ static void parse_options(tag_action *action, struct tag_options *opts, int argc
 				print_usage();
 
 			if (*action != &action_create_tag)
-				*action = &action_create_lighweight_tag;
+				*action = &action_create_lightweight_tag;
 		} else if (!strcmp(curr, "-n")) {
 			opts->num_lines = 1;
 			*action = &action_list_tags;
diff --git a/fuzzers/commit_graph_fuzzer.c b/fuzzers/commit_graph_fuzzer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b41816e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fuzzers/commit_graph_fuzzer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * libgit2 commit-graph fuzzer target.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "git2.h"
+
+#include "buffer.h"
+#include "common.h"
+#include "futils.h"
+#include "hash.h"
+#include "commit_graph.h"
+
+int LLVMFuzzerInitialize(int *argc, char ***argv)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(argc);
+	GIT_UNUSED(argv);
+
+	if (git_libgit2_init() < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize libgit2\n");
+		abort();
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *data, size_t size)
+{
+	git_commit_graph_file file = {{0}};
+	git_commit_graph_entry e;
+	git_buf commit_graph_buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_oid oid = {{0}};
+	bool append_hash = false;
+
+	if (size < 4)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the first byte in the stream has the high bit set, append the
+	 * SHA1 hash so that the file is somewhat valid.
+	 */
+	append_hash = *data & 0x80;
+	/* Keep a 4-byte alignment to avoid unaligned accesses. */
+	data += 4;
+	size -= 4;
+
+	if (append_hash) {
+		if (git_buf_init(&commit_graph_buf, size + sizeof(oid)) < 0)
+			goto cleanup;
+		if (git_hash_buf(&oid, data, size) < 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Failed to compute the SHA1 hash\n");
+			abort();
+		}
+		memcpy(commit_graph_buf.ptr, data, size);
+		memcpy(commit_graph_buf.ptr + size, &oid, sizeof(oid));
+	} else {
+		git_buf_attach_notowned(&commit_graph_buf, (char *)data, size);
+	}
+
+	if (git_commit_graph_file_parse(
+			    &file,
+			    (const unsigned char *)git_buf_cstr(&commit_graph_buf),
+			    git_buf_len(&commit_graph_buf))
+	    < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	/* Search for any oid, just to exercise that codepath. */
+	if (git_commit_graph_entry_find(&e, &file, &oid, GIT_OID_HEXSZ) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+cleanup:
+	git_commit_graph_file_close(&file);
+	git_buf_dispose(&commit_graph_buf);
+	return 0;
+}
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diff --git a/fuzzers/corpora/midx/ff7035b3c055718728a6025b3cdf55c34c4c744b b/fuzzers/corpora/midx/ff7035b3c055718728a6025b3cdf55c34c4c744b
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diff --git a/fuzzers/midx_fuzzer.c b/fuzzers/midx_fuzzer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e67873f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fuzzers/midx_fuzzer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * libgit2 multi-pack-index fuzzer target.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "git2.h"
+
+#include "buffer.h"
+#include "common.h"
+#include "futils.h"
+#include "hash.h"
+#include "midx.h"
+
+int LLVMFuzzerInitialize(int *argc, char ***argv)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(argc);
+	GIT_UNUSED(argv);
+
+	if (git_libgit2_init() < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize libgit2\n");
+		abort();
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *data, size_t size)
+{
+	git_midx_file idx = {{0}};
+	git_midx_entry e;
+	git_buf midx_buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_oid oid = {{0}};
+	bool append_hash = false;
+
+	if (size < 4)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the first byte in the stream has the high bit set, append the
+	 * SHA1 hash so that the packfile is somewhat valid.
+	 */
+	append_hash = *data & 0x80;
+	/* Keep a 4-byte alignment to avoid unaligned accesses. */
+	data += 4;
+	size -= 4;
+
+	if (append_hash) {
+		if (git_buf_init(&midx_buf, size + sizeof(oid)) < 0)
+			goto cleanup;
+		if (git_hash_buf(&oid, data, size) < 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Failed to compute the SHA1 hash\n");
+			abort();
+		}
+		memcpy(midx_buf.ptr, data, size);
+		memcpy(midx_buf.ptr + size, &oid, sizeof(oid));
+	} else {
+		git_buf_attach_notowned(&midx_buf, (char *)data, size);
+	}
+
+	if (git_midx_parse(&idx, (const unsigned char *)git_buf_cstr(&midx_buf), git_buf_len(&midx_buf)) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	/* Search for any oid, just to exercise that codepath. */
+	if (git_midx_entry_find(&e, &idx, &oid, GIT_OID_HEXSZ) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+cleanup:
+	git_midx_close(&idx);
+	git_buf_dispose(&midx_buf);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/git.git-authors b/git.git-authors
index 905bdd2..d9a9114 100644
--- a/git.git-authors
+++ b/git.git-authors
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@
 #   contributed code (possibly with some exceptions)
 # "no" means the author does not consent
 # "ask" means that the contributor wants to give/withhold
-#   his/her consent on a patch-by-patch basis.
+#   their consent on a patch-by-patch basis.
 # "???" means the person is a prominent contributor who has
-#   not yet made his/her standpoint clear.
+#   not yet made their standpoint clear.
 #
 # Please try to keep the list alphabetically ordered. It will
 # help in case we get all 600-ish git.git authors on it.
diff --git a/include/git2/annotated_commit.h b/include/git2/annotated_commit.h
index fa795bf..3b7103f 100644
--- a/include/git2/annotated_commit.h
+++ b/include/git2/annotated_commit.h
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_annotated_commit_lookup(
 	const git_oid *id);
 
 /**
- * Creates a `git_annotated_comit` from a revision string.
+ * Creates a `git_annotated_commit` from a revision string.
  *
  * See `man gitrevisions`, or
  * http://git-scm.com/docs/git-rev-parse.html#_specifying_revisions for
diff --git a/include/git2/apply.h b/include/git2/apply.h
index b248eaa..bc637df 100644
--- a/include/git2/apply.h
+++ b/include/git2/apply.h
@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_apply_options_init(git_apply_options *opts, unsigned int ver
  * @param preimage the tree to apply the diff to
  * @param diff the diff to apply
  * @param options the options for the apply (or null for defaults)
+ * @return 0 or an error code
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_apply_to_tree(
 	git_index **out,
@@ -137,6 +138,7 @@ typedef enum {
  * @param diff the diff to apply
  * @param location the location to apply (workdir, index or both)
  * @param options the options for the apply (or null for defaults)
+ * @return 0 or an error code
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_apply(
 	git_repository *repo,
diff --git a/include/git2/attr.h b/include/git2/attr.h
index a3ab5a7..62c2ed6 100644
--- a/include/git2/attr.h
+++ b/include/git2/attr.h
@@ -130,9 +130,32 @@ GIT_EXTERN(git_attr_value_t) git_attr_value(const char *attr);
  *
  * Passing the `GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_HEAD` flag will use attributes
  * from a `.gitattributes` file in the repository at the HEAD revision.
+ *
+ * Passing the `GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_COMMIT` flag will use attributes
+ * from a `.gitattributes` file in a specific commit.
  */
 #define GIT_ATTR_CHECK_NO_SYSTEM        (1 << 2)
 #define GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_HEAD     (1 << 3)
+#define GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_COMMIT   (1 << 4)
+
+/**
+* An options structure for querying attributes.
+*/
+typedef struct {
+	unsigned int version;
+
+	/** A combination of GIT_ATTR_CHECK flags */
+	unsigned int flags;
+
+	/**
+	 * The commit to load attributes from, when
+	 * `GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_COMMIT` is specified.
+	 */
+	git_oid *commit_id;
+} git_attr_options;
+
+#define GIT_ATTR_OPTIONS_VERSION 1
+#define GIT_ATTR_OPTIONS_INIT {GIT_ATTR_OPTIONS_VERSION}
 
 /**
  * Look up the value of one git attribute for path.
@@ -157,6 +180,28 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_attr_get(
 	const char *name);
 
 /**
+ * Look up the value of one git attribute for path with extended options.
+ *
+ * @param value_out Output of the value of the attribute.  Use the GIT_ATTR_...
+ *             macros to test for TRUE, FALSE, UNSPECIFIED, etc. or just
+ *             use the string value for attributes set to a value.  You
+ *             should NOT modify or free this value.
+ * @param repo The repository containing the path.
+ * @param opts The `git_attr_options` to use when querying these attributes.
+ * @param path The path to check for attributes.  Relative paths are
+ *             interpreted relative to the repo root.  The file does
+ *             not have to exist, but if it does not, then it will be
+ *             treated as a plain file (not a directory).
+ * @param name The name of the attribute to look up.
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_attr_get_ext(
+	const char **value_out,
+	git_repository *repo,
+	git_attr_options *opts,
+	const char *path,
+	const char *name);
+
+/**
  * Look up a list of git attributes for path.
  *
  * Use this if you have a known list of attributes that you want to
@@ -194,6 +239,30 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_attr_get_many(
 	const char **names);
 
 /**
+ * Look up a list of git attributes for path with extended options.
+ *
+ * @param values_out An array of num_attr entries that will have string
+ *             pointers written into it for the values of the attributes.
+ *             You should not modify or free the values that are written
+ *             into this array (although of course, you should free the
+ *             array itself if you allocated it).
+ * @param repo The repository containing the path.
+ * @param opts The `git_attr_options` to use when querying these attributes.
+ * @param path The path inside the repo to check attributes.  This
+ *             does not have to exist, but if it does not, then
+ *             it will be treated as a plain file (i.e. not a directory).
+ * @param num_attr The number of attributes being looked up
+ * @param names An array of num_attr strings containing attribute names.
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_attr_get_many_ext(
+	const char **values_out,
+	git_repository *repo,
+	git_attr_options *opts,
+	const char *path,
+	size_t num_attr,
+	const char **names);
+
+/**
  * The callback used with git_attr_foreach.
  *
  * This callback will be invoked only once per attribute name, even if there
@@ -232,6 +301,26 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_attr_foreach(
 	void *payload);
 
 /**
+ * Loop over all the git attributes for a path with extended options.
+ *
+ * @param repo The repository containing the path.
+ * @param opts The `git_attr_options` to use when querying these attributes.
+ * @param path Path inside the repo to check attributes.  This does not have
+ *             to exist, but if it does not, then it will be treated as a
+ *             plain file (i.e. not a directory).
+ * @param callback Function to invoke on each attribute name and value.
+ *                 See git_attr_foreach_cb.
+ * @param payload Passed on as extra parameter to callback function.
+ * @return 0 on success, non-zero callback return value, or error code
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_attr_foreach_ext(
+	git_repository *repo,
+	git_attr_options *opts,
+	const char *path,
+	git_attr_foreach_cb callback,
+	void *payload);
+
+/**
  * Flush the gitattributes cache.
  *
  * Call this if you have reason to believe that the attributes files on
diff --git a/include/git2/blame.h b/include/git2/blame.h
index 73f6cf9..d193ce1 100644
--- a/include/git2/blame.h
+++ b/include/git2/blame.h
@@ -26,27 +26,54 @@ GIT_BEGIN_DECL
 typedef enum {
 	/** Normal blame, the default */
 	GIT_BLAME_NORMAL = 0,
-	/** Track lines that have moved within a file (like `git blame -M`).
-	 * NOT IMPLEMENTED. */
+
+	/**
+	 * Track lines that have moved within a file (like `git blame -M`).
+	 *
+	 * This is not yet implemented and reserved for future use.
+	 */
 	GIT_BLAME_TRACK_COPIES_SAME_FILE = (1<<0),
-	/** Track lines that have moved across files in the same commit (like `git blame -C`).
-	 * NOT IMPLEMENTED. */
+
+	/**
+	 * Track lines that have moved across files in the same commit
+	 * (like `git blame -C`).
+	 *
+	 * This is not yet implemented and reserved for future use.
+	 */
 	GIT_BLAME_TRACK_COPIES_SAME_COMMIT_MOVES = (1<<1),
-	/** Track lines that have been copied from another file that exists in the
-	 * same commit (like `git blame -CC`). Implies SAME_FILE.
-	 * NOT IMPLEMENTED. */
+
+	/**
+	 * Track lines that have been copied from another file that exists
+	 * in the same commit (like `git blame -CC`).  Implies SAME_FILE.
+	 *
+	 * This is not yet implemented and reserved for future use.
+	 */
 	GIT_BLAME_TRACK_COPIES_SAME_COMMIT_COPIES = (1<<2),
-	/** Track lines that have been copied from another file that exists in *any*
-	 * commit (like `git blame -CCC`). Implies SAME_COMMIT_COPIES.
-	 * NOT IMPLEMENTED. */
+
+	/**
+	 * Track lines that have been copied from another file that exists in
+	 * *any* commit (like `git blame -CCC`).  Implies SAME_COMMIT_COPIES.
+	 *
+	 * This is not yet implemented and reserved for future use.
+	 */
 	GIT_BLAME_TRACK_COPIES_ANY_COMMIT_COPIES = (1<<3),
-	/** Restrict the search of commits to those reachable following only the
-	 * first parents. */
+
+	/**
+	 * Restrict the search of commits to those reachable following only
+	 * the first parents.
+	 */
 	GIT_BLAME_FIRST_PARENT = (1<<4),
-	/** Use mailmap file to map author and committer names and email addresses
-	 * to canonical real names and email addresses. The mailmap will be read
-	 * from the working directory, or HEAD in a bare repository. */
+
+	/**
+	 * Use mailmap file to map author and committer names and email
+	 * addresses to canonical real names and email addresses. The
+	 * mailmap will be read from the working directory, or HEAD in a
+	 * bare repository.
+	 */
 	GIT_BLAME_USE_MAILMAP = (1<<5),
+
+	/** Ignore whitespace differences */
+	GIT_BLAME_IGNORE_WHITESPACE = (1<<6),
 } git_blame_flag_t;
 
 /**
@@ -61,25 +88,33 @@ typedef struct git_blame_options {
 
 	/** A combination of `git_blame_flag_t` */
 	uint32_t flags;
-	/** The lower bound on the number of alphanumeric
-	 *   characters that must be detected as moving/copying within a file for it to
-	 *   associate those lines with the parent commit. The default value is 20.
-	 *   This value only takes effect if any of the `GIT_BLAME_TRACK_COPIES_*`
-	 *   flags are specified.
+
+	/**
+	 * The lower bound on the number of alphanumeric characters that
+	 * must be detected as moving/copying within a file for it to
+	 * associate those lines with the parent commit. The default value
+	 * is 20.
+	 *
+	 * This value only takes effect if any of the `GIT_BLAME_TRACK_COPIES_*`
+	 * flags are specified.
 	 */
 	uint16_t min_match_characters;
+
 	/** The id of the newest commit to consider. The default is HEAD. */
 	git_oid newest_commit;
+
 	/**
 	 * The id of the oldest commit to consider.
 	 * The default is the first commit encountered with a NULL parent.
 	 */
 	git_oid oldest_commit;
+
 	/**
 	 * The first line in the file to blame.
 	 * The default is 1 (line numbers start with 1).
 	 */
 	size_t min_line;
+
 	/**
 	 * The last line in the file to blame.
 	 * The default is the last line of the file.
@@ -106,41 +141,59 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_blame_options_init(
 
 /**
  * Structure that represents a blame hunk.
- *
- * - `lines_in_hunk` is the number of lines in this hunk
- * - `final_commit_id` is the OID of the commit where this line was last
- *   changed.
- * - `final_start_line_number` is the 1-based line number where this hunk
- *   begins, in the final version of the file
- * - `final_signature` is the author of `final_commit_id`. If
- *   `GIT_BLAME_USE_MAILMAP` has been specified, it will contain the canonical
- *    real name and email address.
- * - `orig_commit_id` is the OID of the commit where this hunk was found.  This
- *   will usually be the same as `final_commit_id`, except when
- *   `GIT_BLAME_TRACK_COPIES_ANY_COMMIT_COPIES` has been specified.
- * - `orig_path` is the path to the file where this hunk originated, as of the
- *   commit specified by `orig_commit_id`.
- * - `orig_start_line_number` is the 1-based line number where this hunk begins
- *   in the file named by `orig_path` in the commit specified by
- *   `orig_commit_id`.
- * - `orig_signature` is the author of `orig_commit_id`. If
- *   `GIT_BLAME_USE_MAILMAP` has been specified, it will contain the canonical
- *    real name and email address.
- * - `boundary` is 1 iff the hunk has been tracked to a boundary commit (the
- *   root, or the commit specified in git_blame_options.oldest_commit)
  */
 typedef struct git_blame_hunk {
+	/**
+	 * The number of lines in this hunk.
+	 */
 	size_t lines_in_hunk;
 
+	/**
+	 * The OID of the commit where this line was last changed.
+	 */
 	git_oid final_commit_id;
+
+	/**
+	 * The 1-based line number where this hunk begins, in the final version
+	 * of the file.
+	 */
 	size_t final_start_line_number;
+
+	/**
+	 * The author of `final_commit_id`. If `GIT_BLAME_USE_MAILMAP` has been
+	 * specified, it will contain the canonical real name and email address.
+	 */
 	git_signature *final_signature;
 
+	/**
+	 * The OID of the commit where this hunk was found.
+	 * This will usually be the same as `final_commit_id`, except when
+	 * `GIT_BLAME_TRACK_COPIES_ANY_COMMIT_COPIES` has been specified.
+	 */
 	git_oid orig_commit_id;
+
+	/**
+	 * The path to the file where this hunk originated, as of the commit
+	 * specified by `orig_commit_id`.
+	 */
 	const char *orig_path;
+
+	/**
+	 * The 1-based line number where this hunk begins in the file named by
+	 * `orig_path` in the commit specified by `orig_commit_id`.
+	 */
 	size_t orig_start_line_number;
+
+	/**
+	 * The author of `orig_commit_id`. If `GIT_BLAME_USE_MAILMAP` has been
+	 * specified, it will contain the canonical real name and email address.
+	 */
 	git_signature *orig_signature;
 
+	/**
+	 * The 1 iff the hunk has been tracked to a boundary commit (the root,
+	 * or the commit specified in git_blame_options.oldest_commit)
+	 */
 	char boundary;
 } git_blame_hunk;
 
diff --git a/include/git2/blob.h b/include/git2/blob.h
index 7e2a745..fceb5c7 100644
--- a/include/git2/blob.h
+++ b/include/git2/blob.h
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(git_repository *) git_blob_owner(const git_blob *blob);
  * time.
  *
  * @param blob pointer to the blob
- * @return the pointer
+ * @return the pointer, or NULL on error
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(const void *) git_blob_rawcontent(const git_blob *blob);
 
@@ -113,23 +113,51 @@ typedef enum {
 	 * When set, filters will be loaded from a `.gitattributes` file
 	 * in the HEAD commit.
 	 */
-	GIT_BLOB_FILTER_ATTTRIBUTES_FROM_HEAD = (1 << 2),
+	GIT_BLOB_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_HEAD = (1 << 2),
+
+	/**
+	 * When set, filters will be loaded from a `.gitattributes` file
+	 * in the specified commit.
+	 */
+	GIT_BLOB_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_COMMIT = (1 << 3),
 } git_blob_filter_flag_t;
 
 /**
  * The options used when applying filter options to a file.
+ *
+ * Initialize with `GIT_BLOB_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT`. Alternatively, you can
+ * use `git_blob_filter_options_init`.
+ *
  */
 typedef struct {
 	int version;
 
 	/** Flags to control the filtering process, see `git_blob_filter_flag_t` above */
 	uint32_t flags;
+
+	/**
+	 * The commit to load attributes from, when
+	 * `GIT_BLOB_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_COMMIT` is specified.
+	 */
+	git_oid *commit_id;
 } git_blob_filter_options;
 
 #define GIT_BLOB_FILTER_OPTIONS_VERSION 1
 #define GIT_BLOB_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT {GIT_BLOB_FILTER_OPTIONS_VERSION, GIT_BLOB_FILTER_CHECK_FOR_BINARY}
 
 /**
+ * Initialize git_blob_filter_options structure
+ *
+ * Initializes a `git_blob_filter_options` with default values. Equivalent
+ * to creating an instance with `GIT_BLOB_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT`.
+ *
+ * @param opts The `git_blob_filter_options` struct to initialize.
+ * @param version The struct version; pass `GIT_BLOB_FILTER_OPTIONS_VERSION`.
+ * @return Zero on success; -1 on failure.
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_blob_filter_options_init(git_blob_filter_options *opts, unsigned int version);
+
+/**
  * Get a buffer with the filtered content of a blob.
  *
  * This applies filters as if the blob was being checked out to the
@@ -229,7 +257,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_blob_create_from_stream_commit(
  * Write an in-memory buffer to the ODB as a blob
  *
  * @param id return the id of the written blob
- * @param repo repository where to blob will be written
+ * @param repo repository where the blob will be written
  * @param buffer data to be written into the blob
  * @param len length of the data
  * @return 0 or an error code
diff --git a/include/git2/branch.h b/include/git2/branch.h
index ba62359..24ea7f7 100644
--- a/include/git2/branch.h
+++ b/include/git2/branch.h
@@ -304,6 +304,31 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_branch_remote_name(
  */
  GIT_EXTERN(int) git_branch_upstream_remote(git_buf *buf, git_repository *repo, const char *refname);
 
+/**
+ * Retrieve the upstream merge of a local branch
+ *
+ * This will return the currently configured "branch.*.merge" for a given
+ * branch. This branch must be local.
+ *
+ * @param buf the buffer into which to write the name
+ * @param repo the repository in which to look
+ * @param refname the full name of the branch
+ * @return 0 or an error code
+ */
+ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_branch_upstream_merge(git_buf *buf, git_repository *repo, const char *refname);
+
+/**
+ * Determine whether a branch name is valid, meaning that (when prefixed
+ * with `refs/heads/`) that it is a valid reference name, and that any
+ * additional branch name restrictions are imposed (eg, it cannot start
+ * with a `-`).
+ *
+ * @param valid output pointer to set with validity of given branch name
+ * @param name a branch name to test
+ * @return 0 on success or an error code
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_branch_name_is_valid(int *valid, const char *name);
+
 /** @} */
 GIT_END_DECL
 #endif
diff --git a/include/git2/cert.h b/include/git2/cert.h
index e8cd2d1..0ed38ff 100644
--- a/include/git2/cert.h
+++ b/include/git2/cert.h
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #define INCLUDE_git_cert_h__
 
 #include "common.h"
+#include "types.h"
 
 /**
  * @file git2/cert.h
@@ -80,8 +81,27 @@ typedef enum {
 	GIT_CERT_SSH_SHA1 = (1 << 1),
 	/** SHA-256 is available */
 	GIT_CERT_SSH_SHA256 = (1 << 2),
+	/** Raw hostkey is available */
+	GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW = (1 << 3),
 } git_cert_ssh_t;
 
+typedef enum {
+	/** The raw key is of an unknown type. */
+	GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0,
+	/** The raw key is an RSA key. */
+	GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW_TYPE_RSA = 1,
+	/** The raw key is a DSS key. */
+	GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW_TYPE_DSS = 2,
+	/** The raw key is a ECDSA 256 key. */
+	GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW_TYPE_KEY_ECDSA_256 = 3,
+	/** The raw key is a ECDSA 384 key. */
+	GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW_TYPE_KEY_ECDSA_384 = 4,
+	/** The raw key is a ECDSA 521 key. */
+	GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW_TYPE_KEY_ECDSA_521 = 5,
+	/** The raw key is a ED25519 key. */
+	GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW_TYPE_KEY_ED25519 = 6
+} git_cert_ssh_raw_type_t;
+
 /**
  * Hostkey information taken from libssh2
  */
@@ -89,28 +109,45 @@ typedef struct {
 	git_cert parent; /**< The parent cert */
 
 	/**
-	 * A hostkey type from libssh2, either
-	 * `GIT_CERT_SSH_MD5` or `GIT_CERT_SSH_SHA1`
+	 * A bitmask containing the available fields.
 	 */
 	git_cert_ssh_t type;
 
 	/**
-	 * Hostkey hash. If type has `GIT_CERT_SSH_MD5` set, this will
+	 * Hostkey hash. If `type` has `GIT_CERT_SSH_MD5` set, this will
 	 * have the MD5 hash of the hostkey.
 	 */
 	unsigned char hash_md5[16];
 
 	/**
-	 * Hostkey hash. If type has `GIT_CERT_SSH_SHA1` set, this will
+	 * Hostkey hash. If `type` has `GIT_CERT_SSH_SHA1` set, this will
 	 * have the SHA-1 hash of the hostkey.
 	 */
 	unsigned char hash_sha1[20];
 
 	/**
-	 * Hostkey hash. If type has `GIT_CERT_SSH_SHA256` set, this will
+	 * Hostkey hash. If `type` has `GIT_CERT_SSH_SHA256` set, this will
 	 * have the SHA-256 hash of the hostkey.
 	 */
 	unsigned char hash_sha256[32];
+
+	/**
+	 * Raw hostkey type. If `type` has `GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW` set, this will
+	 * have the type of the raw hostkey.
+	 */
+	git_cert_ssh_raw_type_t raw_type;
+
+	/**
+	 * Pointer to the raw hostkey. If `type` has `GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW` set,
+	 * this will have the raw contents of the hostkey.
+	 */
+	const char *hostkey;
+
+	/**
+	 * Raw hostkey length. If `type` has `GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW` set, this will
+	 * have the length of the raw contents of the hostkey.
+	 */
+	size_t hostkey_len;
 } git_cert_hostkey;
 
 /**
diff --git a/include/git2/checkout.h b/include/git2/checkout.h
index 3c87001..ca6f17a 100644
--- a/include/git2/checkout.h
+++ b/include/git2/checkout.h
@@ -194,18 +194,6 @@ typedef enum {
  * Checkout will invoke an options notification callback (`notify_cb`) for
  * certain cases - you pick which ones via `notify_flags`:
  *
- * - GIT_CHECKOUT_NOTIFY_CONFLICT invokes checkout on conflicting paths.
- *
- * - GIT_CHECKOUT_NOTIFY_DIRTY notifies about "dirty" files, i.e. those that
- *   do not need an update but no longer match the baseline.  Core git
- *   displays these files when checkout runs, but won't stop the checkout.
- *
- * - GIT_CHECKOUT_NOTIFY_UPDATED sends notification for any file changed.
- *
- * - GIT_CHECKOUT_NOTIFY_UNTRACKED notifies about untracked files.
- *
- * - GIT_CHECKOUT_NOTIFY_IGNORED notifies about ignored files.
- *
  * Returning a non-zero value from this callback will cancel the checkout.
  * The non-zero return value will be propagated back and returned by the
  * git_checkout_... call.
@@ -216,10 +204,32 @@ typedef enum {
  */
 typedef enum {
 	GIT_CHECKOUT_NOTIFY_NONE      = 0,
+
+	/**
+	 * Invokes checkout on conflicting paths.
+	 */
 	GIT_CHECKOUT_NOTIFY_CONFLICT  = (1u << 0),
+
+	/**
+	 * Notifies about "dirty" files, i.e. those that do not need an update
+	 * but no longer match the baseline.  Core git displays these files when
+	 * checkout runs, but won't stop the checkout.
+	 */
 	GIT_CHECKOUT_NOTIFY_DIRTY     = (1u << 1),
+
+	/**
+	 * Sends notification for any file changed.
+	 */
 	GIT_CHECKOUT_NOTIFY_UPDATED   = (1u << 2),
+
+	/**
+	 * Notifies about untracked files.
+	 */
 	GIT_CHECKOUT_NOTIFY_UNTRACKED = (1u << 3),
+
+	/**
+	 * Notifies about ignored files.
+	 */
 	GIT_CHECKOUT_NOTIFY_IGNORED   = (1u << 4),
 
 	GIT_CHECKOUT_NOTIFY_ALL       = 0x0FFFFu
diff --git a/include/git2/common.h b/include/git2/common.h
index d669606..d278c01 100644
--- a/include/git2/common.h
+++ b/include/git2/common.h
@@ -91,10 +91,10 @@ GIT_BEGIN_DECL
 
 /**
  * The separator used in path list strings (ie like in the PATH
- * environment variable). A semi-colon ";" is used on Windows, and
- * a colon ":" for all other systems.
+ * environment variable). A semi-colon ";" is used on Windows and
+ * AmigaOS, and a colon ":" for all other systems.
  */
-#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32) || defined(AMIGA)
 #define GIT_PATH_LIST_SEPARATOR ';'
 #else
 #define GIT_PATH_LIST_SEPARATOR ':'
@@ -205,7 +205,11 @@ typedef enum {
 	GIT_OPT_GET_PACK_MAX_OBJECTS,
 	GIT_OPT_SET_PACK_MAX_OBJECTS,
 	GIT_OPT_DISABLE_PACK_KEEP_FILE_CHECKS,
-	GIT_OPT_ENABLE_HTTP_EXPECT_CONTINUE
+	GIT_OPT_ENABLE_HTTP_EXPECT_CONTINUE,
+	GIT_OPT_GET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT,
+	GIT_OPT_SET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT,
+	GIT_OPT_SET_ODB_PACKED_PRIORITY,
+	GIT_OPT_SET_ODB_LOOSE_PRIORITY
 } git_libgit2_opt_t;
 
 /**
@@ -227,8 +231,18 @@ typedef enum {
  *
  *	* opts(GIT_OPT_SET_MWINDOW_MAPPED_LIMIT, size_t):
  *
- *		>Set the maximum amount of memory that can be mapped at any time
- *		by the library
+ *		> Set the maximum amount of memory that can be mapped at any time
+ *		> by the library
+ *
+ *	* opts(GIT_OPT_GET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT, size_t *):
+ *
+ *		> Get the maximum number of files that will be mapped at any time by the
+ *		> library
+ *
+ *	* opts(GIT_OPT_SET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT, size_t):
+ *
+ *		> Set the maximum number of files that can be mapped at any time
+ *		> by the library. The default (0) is unlimited.
  *
  *	* opts(GIT_OPT_GET_SEARCH_PATH, int level, git_buf *buf)
  *
@@ -344,6 +358,11 @@ typedef enum {
  *		>
  *		> - `ciphers` is the list of ciphers that are eanbled.
  *
+ *	* opts(GIT_OPT_GET_USER_AGENT, git_buf *out)
+ *
+ *		> Get the value of the User-Agent header.
+ *		> The User-Agent is written to the `out` buffer.
+ *
  *	* opts(GIT_OPT_ENABLE_OFS_DELTA, int enabled)
  *
  *		> Enable or disable the use of "offset deltas" when creating packfiles,
@@ -404,6 +423,14 @@ typedef enum {
  *		> authentication, use expect/continue when POSTing data.
  *		> This option is not available on Windows.
  *
+ *   opts(GIT_OPT_SET_ODB_PACKED_PRIORITY, int priority)
+ *      > Override the default priority of the packed ODB backend which
+ *      > is added when default backends are assigned to a repository
+ *
+ *   opts(GIT_OPT_SET_ODB_LOOSE_PRIORITY, int priority)
+ *      > Override the default priority of the loose ODB backend which
+ *      > is added when default backends are assigned to a repository
+ *
  * @param option Option key
  * @param ... value to set the option
  * @return 0 on success, <0 on failure
diff --git a/include/git2/config.h b/include/git2/config.h
index abf5bbb..7c8e388 100644
--- a/include/git2/config.h
+++ b/include/git2/config.h
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_config_open_level(
  *
  * Git allows you to store your global configuration at
  * `$HOME/.gitconfig` or `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/config`. For backwards
- * compatability, the XDG file shouldn't be used unless the use has
+ * compatibility, the XDG file shouldn't be used unless the use has
  * created it explicitly. With this function you'll open the correct
  * one to write to.
  *
diff --git a/include/git2/deprecated.h b/include/git2/deprecated.h
index 61d0115..ac60488 100644
--- a/include/git2/deprecated.h
+++ b/include/git2/deprecated.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "describe.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "errors.h"
+#include "filter.h"
 #include "index.h"
 #include "indexer.h"
 #include "merge.h"
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "trace.h"
 #include "repository.h"
 #include "revert.h"
+#include "revparse.h"
 #include "stash.h"
 #include "status.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
@@ -41,6 +43,13 @@
  */
 #ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 
+/*
+ * The credential structures are now opaque by default, and their
+ * definition has moved into the `sys/credential.h` header; include
+ * them here for backward compatibility.
+ */
+#include "sys/credential.h"
+
 /**
  * @file git2/deprecated.h
  * @brief libgit2 deprecated functions and values
@@ -73,16 +82,19 @@ typedef git_attr_value_t git_attr_t;
 
 /**@}*/
 
-/** @name Deprecated Blob Functions
+/** @name Deprecated Blob Functions and Constants
  *
- * These functions are retained for backward compatibility.  The newer
- * versions of these functions should be preferred in all new code.
+ * These functions and enumeration values are retained for backward
+ * compatibility.  The newer versions of these functions and values
+ * should be preferred in all new code.
  *
  * There is no plan to remove these backward compatibility values at
  * this time.
  */
 /**@{*/
 
+#define GIT_BLOB_FILTER_ATTTRIBUTES_FROM_HEAD GIT_BLOB_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_HEAD
+
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_blob_create_fromworkdir(git_oid *id, git_repository *repo, const char *relative_path);
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_blob_create_fromdisk(git_oid *id, git_repository *repo, const char *path);
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_blob_create_fromstream(
@@ -95,7 +107,11 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_blob_create_fromstream_commit(
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_blob_create_frombuffer(
 	git_oid *id, git_repository *repo, const void *buffer, size_t len);
 
-/** Deprecated in favor of @see git_blob_filter */
+/** Deprecated in favor of `git_blob_filter`.
+ *
+ * @deprecated Use git_blob_filter
+ * @see git_blob_filter
+ */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_blob_filtered_content(
 	git_buf *out,
 	git_blob *blob,
@@ -104,6 +120,66 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_blob_filtered_content(
 
 /**@}*/
 
+/** @name Deprecated Filter Functions
+ *
+ * These functions are retained for backward compatibility.  The
+ * newer versions of these functions should be preferred in all
+ * new code.
+ *
+ * There is no plan to remove these backward compatibility values at
+ * this time.
+ */
+/**@{*/
+
+/** Deprecated in favor of `git_filter_list_stream_buffer`.
+ *
+ * @deprecated Use git_filter_list_stream_buffer
+ * @see Use git_filter_list_stream_buffer
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_filter_list_stream_data(
+	git_filter_list *filters,
+	git_buf *data,
+	git_writestream *target);
+
+/** Deprecated in favor of `git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer`.
+ *
+ * @deprecated Use git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer
+ * @see Use git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_filter_list_apply_to_data(
+	git_buf *out,
+	git_filter_list *filters,
+	git_buf *in);
+
+/**@}*/
+
+/** @name Deprecated Tree Functions
+ *
+ * These functions are retained for backward compatibility.  The
+ * newer versions of these functions and values should be preferred
+ * in all new code.
+ *
+ * There is no plan to remove these backward compatibility values at
+ * this time.
+ */
+/**@{*/
+
+/**
+ * Write the contents of the tree builder as a tree object.
+ * This is an alias of `git_treebuilder_write` and is preserved
+ * for backward compatibility.
+ *
+ * This function is deprecated, but there is no plan to remove this
+ * function at this time.
+ *
+ * @deprecated Use git_treebuilder_write
+ * @see git_treebuilder_write
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_treebuilder_write_with_buffer(
+	git_oid *oid, git_treebuilder *bld, git_buf *tree);
+
+/**@}*/
+
 /** @name Deprecated Buffer Functions
  *
  * These functions and enumeration values are retained for backward
@@ -226,7 +302,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(void) giterr_clear(void);
 GIT_EXTERN(void) giterr_set_str(int error_class, const char *string);
 
 /**
- * Indicates that an out-of-memory situation occured.  This is an alias
+ * Indicates that an out-of-memory situation occurred.  This is an alias
  * of `git_error_set_oom` and is preserved for backward compatibility.
  *
  * This function is deprecated, but there is no plan to remove this
@@ -329,10 +405,32 @@ GIT_EXTERN(size_t) git_object__size(git_object_t type);
 
 /**@}*/
 
-/** @name Deprecated Reference Constants
+/** @name Deprecated Remote Functions
  *
- * These enumeration values are retained for backward compatibility.  The
- * newer versions of these values should be preferred in all new code.
+ * These functions are retained for backward compatibility.  The newer
+ * versions of these functions should be preferred in all new code.
+ *
+ * There is no plan to remove these backward compatibility functions at
+ * this time.
+ */
+/**@{*/
+
+/**
+ * Ensure the remote name is well-formed.
+ *
+ * @deprecated Use git_remote_name_is_valid
+ * @param remote_name name to be checked.
+ * @return 1 if the reference name is acceptable; 0 if it isn't
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_remote_is_valid_name(const char *remote_name);
+
+/**@}*/
+
+/** @name Deprecated Reference Functions and Constants
+ *
+ * These functions and enumeration values are retained for backward
+ * compatibility.  The newer versions of these values should be
+ * preferred in all new code.
  *
  * There is no plan to remove these backward compatibility values at
  * this time.
@@ -353,6 +451,23 @@ GIT_EXTERN(size_t) git_object__size(git_object_t type);
 #define GIT_REF_FORMAT_REFSPEC_PATTERN GIT_REFERENCE_FORMAT_REFSPEC_PATTERN
 #define GIT_REF_FORMAT_REFSPEC_SHORTHAND GIT_REFERENCE_FORMAT_REFSPEC_SHORTHAND
 
+/**
+ * Ensure the reference name is well-formed.
+ *
+ * Valid reference names must follow one of two patterns:
+ *
+ * 1. Top-level names must contain only capital letters and underscores,
+ *    and must begin and end with a letter. (e.g. "HEAD", "ORIG_HEAD").
+ * 2. Names prefixed with "refs/" can be almost anything.  You must avoid
+ *    the characters '~', '^', ':', '\\', '?', '[', and '*', and the
+ *    sequences ".." and "@{" which have special meaning to revparse.
+ *
+ * @deprecated Use git_reference_name_is_valid
+ * @param refname name to be checked.
+ * @return 1 if the reference name is acceptable; 0 if it isn't
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_reference_is_valid_name(const char *refname);
+
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_tag_create_frombuffer(
 	git_oid *oid,
 	git_repository *repo,
@@ -361,6 +476,25 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_tag_create_frombuffer(
 
 /**@}*/
 
+/** @name Deprecated Revspec Constants
+ *
+ * These enumeration values are retained for backward compatibility.
+ * The newer versions of these values should be preferred in all new
+ * code.
+ *
+ * There is no plan to remove these backward compatibility values at
+ * this time.
+ */
+/**@{*/
+
+typedef git_revspec_t git_revparse_mode_t;
+
+#define GIT_REVPARSE_SINGLE GIT_REVSPEC_SINGLE
+#define GIT_REVPARSE_RANGE GIT_REVSPEC_RANGE
+#define GIT_REVPARSE_MERGE_BASE GIT_REVSPEC_MERGE_BASE
+
+/**@}*/
+
 /** @name Deprecated Credential Types
  *
  * These types are retained for backward compatibility.  The newer
@@ -369,6 +503,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_tag_create_frombuffer(
  * There is no plan to remove these backward compatibility values at
  * this time.
  */
+/**@{*/
 
 typedef git_credential git_cred;
 typedef git_credential_userpass_plaintext git_cred_userpass_plaintext;
@@ -517,6 +652,42 @@ typedef int GIT_CALLBACK(git_headlist_cb)(git_remote_head *rhead, void *payload)
 
 /**@}*/
 
+/** @name Deprecated String Array Functions
+ *
+ * These types are retained for backward compatibility.  The newer
+ * versions of these values should be preferred in all new code.
+ *
+ * There is no plan to remove these backward compatibility values at
+ * this time.
+ */
+/**@{*/
+
+/**
+ * Copy a string array object from source to target.
+ *
+ * This function is deprecated, but there is no plan to remove this
+ * function at this time.
+ *
+ * @param tgt target
+ * @param src source
+ * @return 0 on success, < 0 on allocation failure
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_strarray_copy(git_strarray *tgt, const git_strarray *src);
+
+/**
+ * Free the memory referred to by the git_strarray.  This is an alias of
+ * `git_strarray_dispose` and is preserved for backward compatibility.
+ *
+ * This function is deprecated, but there is no plan to remove this
+ * function at this time.
+ *
+ * @deprecated Use git_strarray_dispose
+ * @see git_strarray_dispose
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(void) git_strarray_free(git_strarray *array);
+
+/**@}*/
+
 /** @name Deprecated Options Initialization Functions
  *
  * These functions are retained for backward compatibility.  The newer
diff --git a/include/git2/diff.h b/include/git2/diff.h
index 3976ab1..9497793 100644
--- a/include/git2/diff.h
+++ b/include/git2/diff.h
@@ -168,6 +168,10 @@ typedef enum {
 	 *  can apply given diff information to binary files.
 	 */
 	GIT_DIFF_SHOW_BINARY = (1u << 30),
+
+	/** Ignore blank lines */
+	GIT_DIFF_IGNORE_BLANK_LINES = (1u << 31),
+
 } git_diff_option_t;
 
 /**
@@ -237,32 +241,43 @@ typedef enum {
  * Although this is called a "file", it could represent a file, a symbolic
  * link, a submodule commit id, or even a tree (although that only if you
  * are tracking type changes or ignored/untracked directories).
- *
- * The `id` is the `git_oid` of the item.  If the entry represents an
- * absent side of a diff (e.g. the `old_file` of a `GIT_DELTA_ADDED` delta),
- * then the oid will be zeroes.
- *
- * `path` is the NUL-terminated path to the entry relative to the working
- * directory of the repository.
- *
- * `size` is the size of the entry in bytes.
- *
- * `flags` is a combination of the `git_diff_flag_t` types
- *
- * `mode` is, roughly, the stat() `st_mode` value for the item.  This will
- * be restricted to one of the `git_filemode_t` values.
- *
- * The `id_abbrev` represents the known length of the `id` field, when
- * converted to a hex string.  It is generally `GIT_OID_HEXSZ`, unless this
- * delta was created from reading a patch file, in which case it may be
- * abbreviated to something reasonable, like 7 characters.
  */
 typedef struct {
+	/**
+	 * The `git_oid` of the item.  If the entry represents an
+	 * absent side of a diff (e.g. the `old_file` of a `GIT_DELTA_ADDED` delta),
+	 * then the oid will be zeroes.
+	 */
 	git_oid            id;
+
+	/**
+	 * The NUL-terminated path to the entry relative to the working
+	 * directory of the repository.
+	 */
 	const char        *path;
+
+	/**
+	 * The size of the entry in bytes.
+	 */
 	git_object_size_t  size;
+
+	/**
+	 * A combination of the `git_diff_flag_t` types
+	 */
 	uint32_t           flags;
+
+	/**
+	 * Roughly, the stat() `st_mode` value for the item.  This will
+	 * be restricted to one of the `git_filemode_t` values.
+	 */
 	uint16_t           mode;
+
+	/**
+	 * Represents the known length of the `id` field, when
+	 * converted to a hex string.  It is generally `GIT_OID_HEXSZ`, unless this
+	 * delta was created from reading a patch file, in which case it may be
+	 * abbreviated to something reasonable, like 7 characters.
+	 */
 	uint16_t           id_abbrev;
 } git_diff_file;
 
@@ -998,7 +1013,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(size_t) git_diff_num_deltas(const git_diff *diff);
 /**
  * Query how many diff deltas are there in a diff filtered by type.
  *
- * This works just like `git_diff_entrycount()` with an extra parameter
+ * This works just like `git_diff_num_deltas()` with an extra parameter
  * that is a `git_delta_t` and returns just the count of how many deltas
  * match that particular type.
  *
diff --git a/include/git2/errors.h b/include/git2/errors.h
index b4cb87f..de51582 100644
--- a/include/git2/errors.h
+++ b/include/git2/errors.h
@@ -107,7 +107,8 @@ typedef enum {
 	GIT_ERROR_PATCH,
 	GIT_ERROR_WORKTREE,
 	GIT_ERROR_SHA1,
-	GIT_ERROR_HTTP
+	GIT_ERROR_HTTP,
+	GIT_ERROR_INTERNAL
 } git_error_t;
 
 /**
diff --git a/include/git2/filter.h b/include/git2/filter.h
index 8860590..044c3b8 100644
--- a/include/git2/filter.h
+++ b/include/git2/filter.h
@@ -49,9 +49,34 @@ typedef enum {
 
 	/** Load attributes from `.gitattributes` in the root of HEAD */
 	GIT_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_HEAD = (1u << 2),
+
+	/**
+	 * Load attributes from `.gitattributes` in a given commit.
+	 * This can only be specified in a `git_filter_options`.
+	 */
+	GIT_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_COMMIT = (1u << 3),
 } git_filter_flag_t;
 
 /**
+ * Filtering options
+ */
+typedef struct {
+	unsigned int version;
+
+	/** See `git_filter_flag_t` above */
+	uint32_t flags;
+
+	/**
+	 * The commit to load attributes from, when
+	 * `GIT_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_COMMIT` is specified.
+	 */
+	git_oid *commit_id;
+} git_filter_options;
+
+ #define GIT_FILTER_OPTIONS_VERSION 1
+ #define GIT_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT {GIT_FILTER_OPTIONS_VERSION}
+
+/**
  * A filter that can transform file data
  *
  * This represents a filter that can be used to transform or even replace
@@ -104,6 +129,29 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_filter_list_load(
 	uint32_t flags);
 
 /**
+ * Load the filter list for a given path.
+ *
+ * This will return 0 (success) but set the output git_filter_list to NULL
+ * if no filters are requested for the given file.
+ *
+ * @param filters Output newly created git_filter_list (or NULL)
+ * @param repo Repository object that contains `path`
+ * @param blob The blob to which the filter will be applied (if known)
+ * @param path Relative path of the file to be filtered
+ * @param mode Filtering direction (WT->ODB or ODB->WT)
+ * @param opts The `git_filter_options` to use when loading filters
+ * @return 0 on success (which could still return NULL if no filters are
+ *         needed for the requested file), <0 on error
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_filter_list_load_ext(
+	git_filter_list **filters,
+	git_repository *repo,
+	git_blob *blob,
+	const char *path,
+	git_filter_mode_t mode,
+	git_filter_options *opts);
+
+/**
  * Query the filter list to see if a given filter (by name) will run.
  * The built-in filters "crlf" and "ident" can be queried, otherwise this
  * is the name of the filter specified by the filter attribute.
@@ -122,27 +170,17 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_filter_list_contains(
 /**
  * Apply filter list to a data buffer.
  *
- * See `git2/buffer.h` for background on `git_buf` objects.
- *
- * If the `in` buffer holds data allocated by libgit2 (i.e. `in->asize` is
- * not zero), then it will be overwritten when applying the filters.  If
- * not, then it will be left untouched.
- *
- * If there are no filters to apply (or `filters` is NULL), then the `out`
- * buffer will reference the `in` buffer data (with `asize` set to zero)
- * instead of allocating data.  This keeps allocations to a minimum, but
- * it means you have to be careful about freeing the `in` data since `out`
- * may be pointing to it!
- *
  * @param out Buffer to store the result of the filtering
  * @param filters A loaded git_filter_list (or NULL)
  * @param in Buffer containing the data to filter
+ * @param in_len The length of the input buffer
  * @return 0 on success, an error code otherwise
  */
-GIT_EXTERN(int) git_filter_list_apply_to_data(
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(
 	git_buf *out,
 	git_filter_list *filters,
-	git_buf *in);
+	const char *in,
+	size_t in_len);
 
 /**
  * Apply a filter list to the contents of a file on disk
@@ -175,12 +213,14 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_filter_list_apply_to_blob(
  * Apply a filter list to an arbitrary buffer as a stream
  *
  * @param filters the list of filters to apply
- * @param data the buffer to filter
+ * @param buffer the buffer to filter
+ * @param len the size of the buffer
  * @param target the stream into which the data will be written
  */
-GIT_EXTERN(int) git_filter_list_stream_data(
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_filter_list_stream_buffer(
 	git_filter_list *filters,
-	git_buf *data,
+	const char *buffer,
+	size_t len,
 	git_writestream *target);
 
 /**
diff --git a/include/git2/graph.h b/include/git2/graph.h
index 213ae97..712ae47 100644
--- a/include/git2/graph.h
+++ b/include/git2/graph.h
@@ -43,8 +43,9 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_graph_ahead_behind(size_t *ahead, size_t *behind, git_reposi
  * Note that a commit is not considered a descendant of itself, in contrast
  * to `git merge-base --is-ancestor`.
  *
- * @param commit a previously loaded commit.
- * @param ancestor a potential ancestor commit.
+ * @param repo the repository where the commits exist
+ * @param commit a previously loaded commit
+ * @param ancestor a potential ancestor commit
  * @return 1 if the given commit is a descendant of the potential ancestor,
  * 0 if not, error code otherwise.
  */
@@ -53,6 +54,23 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_graph_descendant_of(
 	const git_oid *commit,
 	const git_oid *ancestor);
 
+/**
+ * Determine if a commit is reachable from any of a list of commits by
+ * following parent edges.
+ *
+ * @param repo the repository where the commits exist
+ * @param commit a previously loaded commit
+ * @param length the number of commits in the provided `descendant_array`
+ * @param descendant_array oids of the commits
+ * @return 1 if the given commit is an ancestor of any of the given potential
+ * descendants, 0 if not, error code otherwise.
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_graph_reachable_from_any(
+	git_repository *repo,
+	const git_oid *commit,
+	const git_oid descendant_array[],
+	size_t length);
+
 /** @} */
 GIT_END_DECL
 #endif
diff --git a/include/git2/index.h b/include/git2/index.h
index 8723aa6..532a520 100644
--- a/include/git2/index.h
+++ b/include/git2/index.h
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_index_write_tree(git_oid *out, git_index *index);
  *
  * The index must not contain any file in conflict.
  *
- * @param out Pointer where to store OID of the the written tree
+ * @param out Pointer where to store OID of the written tree
  * @param index Index to write
  * @param repo Repository where to write the tree
  * @return 0 on success, GIT_EUNMERGED when the index is not clean
@@ -555,8 +555,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_index_add_bypath(git_index *index, const char *path);
  *
  * If a previous index entry exists that has the same path as the
  * given 'entry', it will be replaced.  Otherwise, the 'entry' will be
- * added. The `id` and the `file_size` of the 'entry' are updated with the
- * real value of the blob.
+ * added.
  *
  * This forces the file to be added to the index, not looking
  * at gitignore rules.  Those rules can be evaluated through
@@ -703,7 +702,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_index_update_all(
  * @param at_pos the address to which the position of the index entry is written (optional)
  * @param index an existing index object
  * @param path path to search
- * @return a zero-based position in the index if found; GIT_ENOTFOUND otherwise
+ * @return 0 or an error code
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_index_find(size_t *at_pos, git_index *index, const char *path);
 
@@ -714,7 +713,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_index_find(size_t *at_pos, git_index *index, const char *pat
  * @param at_pos the address to which the position of the index entry is written (optional)
  * @param index an existing index object
  * @param prefix the prefix to search for
- * @return 0 with valid value in at_pos; an error code otherwise
+ * @return 0 or an error code
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_index_find_prefix(size_t *at_pos, git_index *index, const char *prefix);
 
diff --git a/include/git2/indexer.h b/include/git2/indexer.h
index 8059e4d..a434d24 100644
--- a/include/git2/indexer.h
+++ b/include/git2/indexer.h
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ typedef struct git_indexer_progress {
  * Type for progress callbacks during indexing.  Return a value less
  * than zero to cancel the indexing or download.
  *
- * @param stats Structure containing information about the state of the tran    sfer
+ * @param stats Structure containing information about the state of the transfer
  * @param payload Payload provided by caller
  */
 typedef int GIT_CALLBACK(git_indexer_progress_cb)(const git_indexer_progress *stats, void *payload);
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ typedef struct git_indexer_options {
 
 	/** progress_cb function to call with progress information */
 	git_indexer_progress_cb progress_cb;
+
 	/** progress_cb_payload payload for the progress callback */
 	void *progress_cb_payload;
 
diff --git a/include/git2/odb.h b/include/git2/odb.h
index c4bfa52..702e1bd 100644
--- a/include/git2/odb.h
+++ b/include/git2/odb.h
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_open(git_odb **out, const char *objects_dir);
  *
  * @param odb database to add the backend to
  * @param path path to the objects folder for the alternate
- * @return 0 on success; error code otherwise
+ * @return 0 on success, error code otherwise
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_add_disk_alternate(git_odb *odb, const char *path);
 
@@ -94,9 +94,8 @@ GIT_EXTERN(void) git_odb_free(git_odb *db);
  * @param out pointer where to store the read object
  * @param db database to search for the object in.
  * @param id identity of the object to read.
- * @return
- * - 0 if the object was read;
- * - GIT_ENOTFOUND if the object is not in the database.
+ * @return 0 if the object was read, GIT_ENOTFOUND if the object is
+ *         not in the database.
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_read(git_odb_object **out, git_odb *db, const git_oid *id);
 
@@ -122,10 +121,9 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_read(git_odb_object **out, git_odb *db, const git_oid *i
  * @param db database to search for the object in.
  * @param short_id a prefix of the id of the object to read.
  * @param len the length of the prefix
- * @return
- * - 0 if the object was read;
- * - GIT_ENOTFOUND if the object is not in the database.
- * - GIT_EAMBIGUOUS if the prefix is ambiguous (several objects match the prefix)
+ * @return 0 if the object was read, GIT_ENOTFOUND if the object is not in the
+ *         database. GIT_EAMBIGUOUS if the prefix is ambiguous
+ *         (several objects match the prefix)
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_read_prefix(git_odb_object **out, git_odb *db, const git_oid *short_id, size_t len);
 
@@ -143,9 +141,8 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_read_prefix(git_odb_object **out, git_odb *db, const git
  * @param type_out pointer where to store the type
  * @param db database to search for the object in.
  * @param id identity of the object to read.
- * @return
- * - 0 if the object was read;
- * - GIT_ENOTFOUND if the object is not in the database.
+ * @return 0 if the object was read, GIT_ENOTFOUND if the object is not
+ *         in the database.
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_read_header(size_t *len_out, git_object_t *type_out, git_odb *db, const git_oid *id);
 
@@ -154,9 +151,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_read_header(size_t *len_out, git_object_t *type_out, git
  *
  * @param db database to be searched for the given object.
  * @param id the object to search for.
- * @return
- * - 1, if the object was found
- * - 0, otherwise
+ * @return 1 if the object was found, 0 otherwise
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_exists(git_odb *db, const git_oid *id);
 
@@ -305,7 +300,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_open_wstream(git_odb_stream **out, git_odb *db, git_obje
  * @param stream the stream
  * @param buffer the data to write
  * @param len the buffer's length
- * @return 0 if the write succeeded; error code otherwise
+ * @return 0 if the write succeeded, error code otherwise
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_stream_write(git_odb_stream *stream, const char *buffer, size_t len);
 
@@ -320,7 +315,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_stream_write(git_odb_stream *stream, const char *buffer,
  *
  * @param out pointer to store the resulting object's id
  * @param stream the stream
- * @return 0 on success; an error code otherwise
+ * @return 0 on success, an error code otherwise
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_stream_finalize_write(git_oid *out, git_odb_stream *stream);
 
@@ -362,7 +357,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(void) git_odb_stream_free(git_odb_stream *stream);
  * @param type pointer where to store the type of the object
  * @param db object database where the stream will read from
  * @param oid oid of the object the stream will read from
- * @return 0 if the stream was created; error code otherwise
+ * @return 0 if the stream was created, error code otherwise
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_open_rstream(
 	git_odb_stream **out,
@@ -501,7 +496,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(git_object_t) git_odb_object_type(git_odb_object *object);
  * @param odb database to add the backend to
  * @param backend pointer to a git_odb_backend instance
  * @param priority Value for ordering the backends queue
- * @return 0 on success; error code otherwise
+ * @return 0 on success, error code otherwise
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_add_backend(git_odb *odb, git_odb_backend *backend, int priority);
 
@@ -522,7 +517,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_add_backend(git_odb *odb, git_odb_backend *backend, int 
  * @param odb database to add the backend to
  * @param backend pointer to a git_odb_backend instance
  * @param priority Value for ordering the backends queue
- * @return 0 on success; error code otherwise
+ * @return 0 on success, error code otherwise
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_add_alternate(git_odb *odb, git_odb_backend *backend, int priority);
 
@@ -540,10 +535,25 @@ GIT_EXTERN(size_t) git_odb_num_backends(git_odb *odb);
  * @param out output pointer to ODB backend at pos
  * @param odb object database
  * @param pos index into object database backend list
- * @return 0 on success; GIT_ENOTFOUND if pos is invalid; other errors < 0
+ * @return 0 on success, GIT_ENOTFOUND if pos is invalid, other errors < 0
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_get_backend(git_odb_backend **out, git_odb *odb, size_t pos);
 
+/**
+ * Set the git commit-graph for the ODB.
+ *
+ * After a successfull call, the ownership of the cgraph parameter will be
+ * transferred to libgit2, and the caller should not free it.
+ *
+ * The commit-graph can also be unset by explicitly passing NULL as the cgraph
+ * parameter.
+ *
+ * @param odb object database
+ * @param cgraph the git commit-graph
+ * @return 0 on success; error code otherwise
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_odb_set_commit_graph(git_odb *odb, git_commit_graph *cgraph);
+
 /** @} */
 GIT_END_DECL
 #endif
diff --git a/include/git2/pack.h b/include/git2/pack.h
index 922a3cd..3b9beb6 100644
--- a/include/git2/pack.h
+++ b/include/git2/pack.h
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_packbuilder_write_buf(git_buf *buf, git_packbuilder *pb);
  * Write the new pack and corresponding index file to path.
  *
  * @param pb The packbuilder
- * @param path to the directory where the packfile and index should be stored
+ * @param path Path to the directory where the packfile and index should be stored, or NULL for default location
  * @param mode permissions to use creating a packfile or 0 for defaults
  * @param progress_cb function to call with progress information from the indexer (optional)
  * @param progress_cb_payload payload for the progress callback (optional)
diff --git a/include/git2/patch.h b/include/git2/patch.h
index b177798..fde9659 100644
--- a/include/git2/patch.h
+++ b/include/git2/patch.h
@@ -29,6 +29,14 @@ GIT_BEGIN_DECL
 typedef struct git_patch git_patch;
 
 /**
+ * Get the repository associated with this patch. May be NULL.
+ *
+ * @param patch the patch
+ * @return a pointer to the repository
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(git_repository *) git_patch_owner(const git_patch *patch);
+
+/**
  * Return a patch for an entry in the diff list.
  *
  * The `git_patch` is a newly created object contains the text diffs
diff --git a/include/git2/refs.h b/include/git2/refs.h
index c9cce22..7ebb209 100644
--- a/include/git2/refs.h
+++ b/include/git2/refs.h
@@ -97,6 +97,9 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_reference_dwim(git_reference **out, git_repository *repo, co
  * of updating does not match the one passed through `current_value`
  * (i.e. if the ref has changed since the user read it).
  *
+ * If `current_value` is all zeros, this function will return GIT_EMODIFIED
+ * if the ref already exists.
+ *
  * @param out Pointer to the newly created reference
  * @param repo Repository where that reference will live
  * @param name The name of the reference
@@ -169,7 +172,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_reference_symbolic_create(git_reference **out, git_repositor
  *
  * The message for the reflog will be ignored if the reference does
  * not belong in the standard set (HEAD, branches and remote-tracking
- * branches) and and it does not have a reflog.
+ * branches) and it does not have a reflog.
  *
  * @param out Pointer to the newly created reference
  * @param repo Repository where that reference will live
@@ -206,7 +209,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_reference_create(git_reference **out, git_repository *repo, 
  *
  * The message for the reflog will be ignored if the reference does
  * not belong in the standard set (HEAD, branches and remote-tracking
- * branches) and and it does not have a reflog.
+ * branches) and it does not have a reflog.
  *
  * It will return GIT_EMODIFIED if the reference's value at the time
  * of updating does not match the one passed through `current_id`
@@ -318,7 +321,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(git_repository *) git_reference_owner(const git_reference *ref);
  *
  * The message for the reflog will be ignored if the reference does
  * not belong in the standard set (HEAD, branches and remote-tracking
- * branches) and and it does not have a reflog.
+ * branches) and it does not have a reflog.
  *
  * @param out Pointer to the newly created reference
  * @param ref The reference
@@ -743,10 +746,11 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_reference_peel(
  *    the characters '~', '^', ':', '\\', '?', '[', and '*', and the
  *    sequences ".." and "@{" which have special meaning to revparse.
  *
+ * @param valid output pointer to set with validity of given reference name
  * @param refname name to be checked.
- * @return 1 if the reference name is acceptable; 0 if it isn't
+ * @return 0 on success or an error code
  */
-GIT_EXTERN(int) git_reference_is_valid_name(const char *refname);
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_reference_name_is_valid(int *valid, const char *refname);
 
 /**
  * Get the reference's short name
diff --git a/include/git2/remote.h b/include/git2/remote.h
index 51d9c72..5d7a536 100644
--- a/include/git2/remote.h
+++ b/include/git2/remote.h
@@ -253,6 +253,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_remote_set_url(git_repository *repo, const char *remote, con
  * @param repo the repository in which to perform the change
  * @param remote the remote's name
  * @param url the url to set
+ * @return 0, or an error code
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_remote_set_pushurl(git_repository *repo, const char *remote, const char* url);
 
@@ -876,8 +877,10 @@ GIT_EXTERN(git_remote_autotag_option_t) git_remote_autotag(const git_remote *rem
  * @param repo the repository in which to make the change
  * @param remote the name of the remote
  * @param value the new value to take.
+ * @return 0, or an error code.
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_remote_set_autotag(git_repository *repo, const char *remote, git_remote_autotag_option_t value);
+
 /**
  * Retrieve the ref-prune setting
  *
@@ -915,10 +918,11 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_remote_rename(
 /**
  * Ensure the remote name is well-formed.
  *
+ * @param valid output pointer to set with validity of given remote name
  * @param remote_name name to be checked.
- * @return 1 if the reference name is acceptable; 0 if it isn't
+ * @return 0 on success or an error code
  */
-GIT_EXTERN(int) git_remote_is_valid_name(const char *remote_name);
+int git_remote_name_is_valid(int *valid, const char *remote_name);
 
 /**
 * Delete an existing persisted remote.
@@ -943,7 +947,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_remote_delete(git_repository *repo, const char *name);
  *
  * This function must only be called after connecting.
  *
- * @param out the buffern in which to store the reference name
+ * @param out the buffer in which to store the reference name
  * @param remote the remote
  * @return 0, GIT_ENOTFOUND if the remote does not have any references
  * or none of them point to HEAD's commit, or an error message.
diff --git a/include/git2/repository.h b/include/git2/repository.h
index 45d7962..45becc7 100644
--- a/include/git2/repository.h
+++ b/include/git2/repository.h
@@ -219,36 +219,54 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_repository_init(
  *
  * These flags configure extra behaviors to `git_repository_init_ext`.
  * In every case, the default behavior is the zero value (i.e. flag is
- * not set).  Just OR the flag values together for the `flags` parameter
- * when initializing a new repo.  Details of individual values are:
- *
- * * BARE   - Create a bare repository with no working directory.
- * * NO_REINIT - Return an GIT_EEXISTS error if the repo_path appears to
- *        already be an git repository.
- * * NO_DOTGIT_DIR - Normally a "/.git/" will be appended to the repo
- *        path for non-bare repos (if it is not already there), but
- *        passing this flag prevents that behavior.
- * * MKDIR  - Make the repo_path (and workdir_path) as needed.  Init is
- *        always willing to create the ".git" directory even without this
- *        flag.  This flag tells init to create the trailing component of
- *        the repo and workdir paths as needed.
- * * MKPATH - Recursively make all components of the repo and workdir
- *        paths as necessary.
- * * EXTERNAL_TEMPLATE - libgit2 normally uses internal templates to
- *        initialize a new repo.  This flags enables external templates,
- *        looking the "template_path" from the options if set, or the
- *        `init.templatedir` global config if not, or falling back on
- *        "/usr/share/git-core/templates" if it exists.
- * * GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_RELATIVE_GITLINK - If an alternate workdir is
- *        specified, use relative paths for the gitdir and core.worktree.
+ * not set). Just OR the flag values together for the `flags` parameter
+ * when initializing a new repo.
  */
 typedef enum {
+	/**
+	 * Create a bare repository with no working directory.
+	 */
 	GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_BARE              = (1u << 0),
+
+	/**
+	 * Return an GIT_EEXISTS error if the repo_path appears to already be
+	 * an git repository.
+	 */
 	GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_NO_REINIT         = (1u << 1),
+
+	/**
+	 * Normally a "/.git/" will be appended to the repo path for
+	 * non-bare repos (if it is not already there), but passing this flag
+	 * prevents that behavior.
+	 */
 	GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_NO_DOTGIT_DIR     = (1u << 2),
+
+	/**
+	 * Make the repo_path (and workdir_path) as needed. Init is always willing
+	 * to create the ".git" directory even without this flag. This flag tells
+	 * init to create the trailing component of the repo and workdir paths
+	 * as needed.
+	 */
 	GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_MKDIR             = (1u << 3),
+
+	/**
+	 * Recursively make all components of the repo and workdir paths as
+	 * necessary.
+	 */
 	GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_MKPATH            = (1u << 4),
+
+	/**
+	 * libgit2 normally uses internal templates to initialize a new repo.
+	 * This flags enables external templates, looking the "template_path" from
+	 * the options if set, or the `init.templatedir` global config if not,
+	 * or falling back on "/usr/share/git-core/templates" if it exists.
+	 */
 	GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_EXTERNAL_TEMPLATE = (1u << 5),
+
+	/**
+	 * If an alternate workdir is specified, use relative paths for the gitdir
+	 * and core.worktree.
+	 */
 	GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_RELATIVE_GITLINK  = (1u << 6),
 } git_repository_init_flag_t;
 
@@ -257,17 +275,23 @@ typedef enum {
  *
  * Set the mode field of the `git_repository_init_options` structure
  * either to the custom mode that you would like, or to one of the
- * following modes:
- *
- * * SHARED_UMASK - Use permissions configured by umask - the default.
- * * SHARED_GROUP - Use "--shared=group" behavior, chmod'ing the new repo
- *        to be group writable and "g+sx" for sticky group assignment.
- * * SHARED_ALL - Use "--shared=all" behavior, adding world readability.
- * * Anything else - Set to custom value.
+ * defined modes.
  */
 typedef enum {
+	/**
+	 * Use permissions configured by umask - the default.
+	 */
 	GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_SHARED_UMASK = 0,
+
+	/**
+	 * Use "--shared=group" behavior, chmod'ing the new repo to be group
+	 * writable and "g+sx" for sticky group assignment.
+	 */
 	GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_SHARED_GROUP = 0002775,
+
+	/**
+	 * Use "--shared=all" behavior, adding world readability.
+	 */
 	GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_SHARED_ALL   = 0002777,
 } git_repository_init_mode_t;
 
@@ -275,38 +299,57 @@ typedef enum {
  * Extended options structure for `git_repository_init_ext`.
  *
  * This contains extra options for `git_repository_init_ext` that enable
- * additional initialization features.  The fields are:
- *
- * * flags - Combination of GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT flags above.
- * * mode  - Set to one of the standard GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_SHARED_...
- *        constants above, or to a custom value that you would like.
- * * workdir_path - The path to the working dir or NULL for default (i.e.
- *        repo_path parent on non-bare repos).  IF THIS IS RELATIVE PATH,
- *        IT WILL BE EVALUATED RELATIVE TO THE REPO_PATH.  If this is not
- *        the "natural" working directory, a .git gitlink file will be
- *        created here linking to the repo_path.
- * * description - If set, this will be used to initialize the "description"
- *        file in the repository, instead of using the template content.
- * * template_path - When GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_EXTERNAL_TEMPLATE is set,
- *        this contains the path to use for the template directory.  If
- *        this is NULL, the config or default directory options will be
- *        used instead.
- * * initial_head - The name of the head to point HEAD at.  If NULL, then
- *        this will be treated as "master" and the HEAD ref will be set
- *        to "refs/heads/master".  If this begins with "refs/" it will be
- *        used verbatim; otherwise "refs/heads/" will be prefixed.
- * * origin_url - If this is non-NULL, then after the rest of the
- *        repository initialization is completed, an "origin" remote
- *        will be added pointing to this URL.
+ * additional initialization features.
  */
 typedef struct {
 	unsigned int version;
+
+	/**
+	 * Combination of GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT flags above.
+	 */
 	uint32_t    flags;
+
+	/**
+	 * Set to one of the standard GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_SHARED_... constants
+	 * above, or to a custom value that you would like.
+	 */
 	uint32_t    mode;
+
+	/**
+	 * The path to the working dir or NULL for default (i.e. repo_path parent
+	 * on non-bare repos). IF THIS IS RELATIVE PATH, IT WILL BE EVALUATED
+	 * RELATIVE TO THE REPO_PATH. If this is not the "natural" working
+	 * directory, a .git gitlink file will be created here linking to the
+	 * repo_path.
+	 */
 	const char *workdir_path;
+
+	/**
+	 * If set, this will be used to initialize the "description" file in the
+	 * repository, instead of using the template content.
+	 */
 	const char *description;
+
+	/**
+	 * When GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_EXTERNAL_TEMPLATE is set, this contains
+	 * the path to use for the template directory. If this is NULL, the config
+	 * or default directory options will be used instead.
+	 */
 	const char *template_path;
+
+	/**
+	 * The name of the head to point HEAD at. If NULL, then this will be
+	 * treated as "master" and the HEAD ref will be set to "refs/heads/master".
+	 * If this begins with "refs/" it will be used verbatim;
+	 * otherwise "refs/heads/" will be prefixed.
+	 */
 	const char *initial_head;
+
+	/**
+	 * If this is non-NULL, then after the rest of the repository
+	 * initialization is completed, an "origin" remote will be added
+	 * pointing to this URL.
+	 */
 	const char *origin_url;
 } git_repository_init_options;
 
@@ -481,10 +524,11 @@ GIT_EXTERN(const char *) git_repository_path(const git_repository *repo);
 GIT_EXTERN(const char *) git_repository_workdir(const git_repository *repo);
 
 /**
- * Get the path of the shared common directory for this repository
- *
- * If the repository is bare is not a worktree, the git directory
- * path is returned.
+ * Get the path of the shared common directory for this repository.
+ * 
+ * If the repository is bare, it is the root directory for the repository.
+ * If the repository is a worktree, it is the parent repo's gitdir.
+ * Otherwise, it is the gitdir.
  *
  * @param repo A repository object
  * @return the path to the common dir
diff --git a/include/git2/revparse.h b/include/git2/revparse.h
index d170e16..e14ddee 100644
--- a/include/git2/revparse.h
+++ b/include/git2/revparse.h
@@ -70,12 +70,12 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_revparse_ext(
  */
 typedef enum {
 	/** The spec targeted a single object. */
-	GIT_REVPARSE_SINGLE         = 1 << 0,
+	GIT_REVSPEC_SINGLE         = 1 << 0,
 	/** The spec targeted a range of commits. */
-	GIT_REVPARSE_RANGE          = 1 << 1,
+	GIT_REVSPEC_RANGE          = 1 << 1,
 	/** The spec used the '...' operator, which invokes special semantics. */
-	GIT_REVPARSE_MERGE_BASE     = 1 << 2,
-} git_revparse_mode_t;
+	GIT_REVSPEC_MERGE_BASE     = 1 << 2,
+} git_revspec_t;
 
 /**
  * Git Revision Spec: output of a `git_revparse` operation
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ typedef struct {
 	git_object *from;
 	/** The right element of the revspec; must be freed by the user */
 	git_object *to;
-	/** The intent of the revspec (i.e. `git_revparse_mode_t` flags) */
+	/** The intent of the revspec (i.e. `git_revspec_mode_t` flags) */
 	unsigned int flags;
 } git_revspec;
 
diff --git a/include/git2/status.h b/include/git2/status.h
index 9693cc4..543e3fa 100644
--- a/include/git2/status.h
+++ b/include/git2/status.h
@@ -69,89 +69,141 @@ typedef int GIT_CALLBACK(git_status_cb)(
  * With `git_status_foreach_ext`, this will control which changes get
  * callbacks.  With `git_status_list_new`, these will control which
  * changes are included in the list.
- *
- * - GIT_STATUS_SHOW_INDEX_AND_WORKDIR is the default.  This roughly
- *   matches `git status --porcelain` regarding which files are
- *   included and in what order.
- * - GIT_STATUS_SHOW_INDEX_ONLY only gives status based on HEAD to index
- *   comparison, not looking at working directory changes.
- * - GIT_STATUS_SHOW_WORKDIR_ONLY only gives status based on index to
- *   working directory comparison, not comparing the index to the HEAD.
  */
 typedef enum {
+	/**
+	 * The default. This roughly matches `git status --porcelain` regarding
+	 * which files are included and in what order.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_SHOW_INDEX_AND_WORKDIR = 0,
+
+	/**
+	 * Only gives status based on HEAD to index comparison, not looking at
+	 * working directory changes.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_SHOW_INDEX_ONLY = 1,
+
+	/**
+	 * Only gives status based on index to working directory comparison,
+	 * not comparing the index to the HEAD.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_SHOW_WORKDIR_ONLY = 2,
 } git_status_show_t;
 
 /**
  * Flags to control status callbacks
  *
- * - GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_UNTRACKED says that callbacks should be made
- *   on untracked files.  These will only be made if the workdir files are
- *   included in the status "show" option.
- * - GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_IGNORED says that ignored files get callbacks.
- *   Again, these callbacks will only be made if the workdir files are
- *   included in the status "show" option.
- * - GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_UNMODIFIED indicates that callback should be
- *   made even on unmodified files.
- * - GIT_STATUS_OPT_EXCLUDE_SUBMODULES indicates that submodules should be
- *   skipped.  This only applies if there are no pending typechanges to
- *   the submodule (either from or to another type).
- * - GIT_STATUS_OPT_RECURSE_UNTRACKED_DIRS indicates that all files in
- *   untracked directories should be included.  Normally if an entire
- *   directory is new, then just the top-level directory is included (with
- *   a trailing slash on the entry name).  This flag says to include all
- *   of the individual files in the directory instead.
- * - GIT_STATUS_OPT_DISABLE_PATHSPEC_MATCH indicates that the given path
- *   should be treated as a literal path, and not as a pathspec pattern.
- * - GIT_STATUS_OPT_RECURSE_IGNORED_DIRS indicates that the contents of
- *   ignored directories should be included in the status.  This is like
- *   doing `git ls-files -o -i --exclude-standard` with core git.
- * - GIT_STATUS_OPT_RENAMES_HEAD_TO_INDEX indicates that rename detection
- *   should be processed between the head and the index and enables
- *   the GIT_STATUS_INDEX_RENAMED as a possible status flag.
- * - GIT_STATUS_OPT_RENAMES_INDEX_TO_WORKDIR indicates that rename
- *   detection should be run between the index and the working directory
- *   and enabled GIT_STATUS_WT_RENAMED as a possible status flag.
- * - GIT_STATUS_OPT_SORT_CASE_SENSITIVELY overrides the native case
- *   sensitivity for the file system and forces the output to be in
- *   case-sensitive order
- * - GIT_STATUS_OPT_SORT_CASE_INSENSITIVELY overrides the native case
- *   sensitivity for the file system and forces the output to be in
- *   case-insensitive order
- * - GIT_STATUS_OPT_RENAMES_FROM_REWRITES indicates that rename detection
- *   should include rewritten files
- * - GIT_STATUS_OPT_NO_REFRESH bypasses the default status behavior of
- *   doing a "soft" index reload (i.e. reloading the index data if the
- *   file on disk has been modified outside libgit2).
- * - GIT_STATUS_OPT_UPDATE_INDEX tells libgit2 to refresh the stat cache
- *   in the index for files that are unchanged but have out of date stat
- *   information in the index.  It will result in less work being done on
- *   subsequent calls to get status.  This is mutually exclusive with the
- *   NO_REFRESH option.
- *
  * Calling `git_status_foreach()` is like calling the extended version
  * with: GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_IGNORED, GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_UNTRACKED,
  * and GIT_STATUS_OPT_RECURSE_UNTRACKED_DIRS.  Those options are bundled
  * together as `GIT_STATUS_OPT_DEFAULTS` if you want them as a baseline.
  */
 typedef enum {
+	/**
+	 * Says that callbacks should be made on untracked files.
+	 * These will only be made if the workdir files are included in the status
+	 * "show" option.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_UNTRACKED                = (1u << 0),
+
+	/**
+	 * Says that ignored files get callbacks.
+	 * Again, these callbacks will only be made if the workdir files are
+	 * included in the status "show" option.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_IGNORED                  = (1u << 1),
+
+	/**
+	 * Indicates that callback should be made even on unmodified files.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_UNMODIFIED               = (1u << 2),
+
+	/**
+	 * Indicates that submodules should be skipped.
+	 * This only applies if there are no pending typechanges to the submodule
+	 * (either from or to another type).
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_EXCLUDE_SUBMODULES               = (1u << 3),
+
+	/**
+	 * Indicates that all files in untracked directories should be included.
+	 * Normally if an entire directory is new, then just the top-level
+	 * directory is included (with a trailing slash on the entry name).
+	 * This flag says to include all of the individual files in the directory
+	 * instead.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_RECURSE_UNTRACKED_DIRS           = (1u << 4),
+
+	/**
+	 * Indicates that the given path should be treated as a literal path,
+	 * and not as a pathspec pattern.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_DISABLE_PATHSPEC_MATCH           = (1u << 5),
+
+	/**
+	 * Indicates that the contents of ignored directories should be included
+	 * in the status. This is like doing `git ls-files -o -i --exclude-standard`
+	 * with core git.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_RECURSE_IGNORED_DIRS             = (1u << 6),
+
+	/**
+	 * Indicates that rename detection should be processed between the head and
+	 * the index and enables the GIT_STATUS_INDEX_RENAMED as a possible status
+	 * flag.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_RENAMES_HEAD_TO_INDEX            = (1u << 7),
+
+	/**
+	 * Indicates that rename detection should be run between the index and the
+	 * working directory and enabled GIT_STATUS_WT_RENAMED as a possible status
+	 * flag.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_RENAMES_INDEX_TO_WORKDIR         = (1u << 8),
+
+	/**
+	 * Overrides the native case sensitivity for the file system and forces
+	 * the output to be in case-sensitive order.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_SORT_CASE_SENSITIVELY            = (1u << 9),
+
+	/**
+	 * Overrides the native case sensitivity for the file system and forces
+	 * the output to be in case-insensitive order.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_SORT_CASE_INSENSITIVELY          = (1u << 10),
+
+	/**
+	 * Iindicates that rename detection should include rewritten files.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_RENAMES_FROM_REWRITES            = (1u << 11),
+
+	/**
+	 * Bypasses the default status behavior of doing a "soft" index reload
+	 * (i.e. reloading the index data if the file on disk has been modified
+	 * outside libgit2).
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_NO_REFRESH                       = (1u << 12),
+
+	/**
+	 * Tells libgit2 to refresh the stat cache in the index for files that are
+	 * unchanged but have out of date stat einformation in the index.
+	 * It will result in less work being done on subsequent calls to get status.
+	 * This is mutually exclusive with the NO_REFRESH option.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_UPDATE_INDEX                     = (1u << 13),
+
+	/**
+	 * Normally files that cannot be opened or read are ignored as
+	 * these are often transient files; this option will return
+	 * unreadable files as `GIT_STATUS_WT_UNREADABLE`.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_UNREADABLE               = (1u << 14),
+
+	/**
+	 * Unreadable files will be detected and given the status
+	 * untracked instead of unreadable.
+	 */
 	GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_UNREADABLE_AS_UNTRACKED  = (1u << 15),
 } git_status_opt_t;
 
@@ -168,7 +220,10 @@ typedef enum {
  *
  */
 typedef struct {
-	unsigned int      version; /**< The version */
+	/**
+	 * The struct version; pass `GIT_STATUS_OPTIONS_VERSION`.
+	 */
+	unsigned int version;
 
 	/**
 	 * The `show` value is one of the `git_status_show_t` constants that
@@ -177,21 +232,22 @@ typedef struct {
 	git_status_show_t show;
 
 	/**
-	 * The `flags` value is an OR'ed combination of the `git_status_opt_t`
-	 * values above.
+	 * The `flags` value is an OR'ed combination of the
+	 * `git_status_opt_t` values above.
 	 */
 	unsigned int      flags;
 
 	/**
 	 * The `pathspec` is an array of path patterns to match (using
-	 * fnmatch-style matching), or just an array of paths to match exactly if
-	 * `GIT_STATUS_OPT_DISABLE_PATHSPEC_MATCH` is specified in the flags.
+	 * fnmatch-style matching), or just an array of paths to match
+	 * exactly if `GIT_STATUS_OPT_DISABLE_PATHSPEC_MATCH` is specified
+	 * in the flags.
 	 */
 	git_strarray      pathspec;
 
 	/**
-	 * The `baseline` is the tree to be used for comparison to the working directory
-	 * and index; defaults to HEAD.
+	 * The `baseline` is the tree to be used for comparison to the
+	 * working directory and index; defaults to HEAD.
 	 */
 	git_tree          *baseline;
 } git_status_options;
diff --git a/include/git2/strarray.h b/include/git2/strarray.h
index 86fa25f..0f657e6 100644
--- a/include/git2/strarray.h
+++ b/include/git2/strarray.h
@@ -25,20 +25,16 @@ typedef struct git_strarray {
 } git_strarray;
 
 /**
- * Close a string array object
- *
- * This method should be called on `git_strarray` objects where the strings
- * array is allocated and contains allocated strings, such as what you
- * would get from `git_strarray_copy()`.  Not doing so, will result in a
- * memory leak.
+ * Free the strings contained in a string array.  This method should
+ * be called on `git_strarray` objects that were provided by the
+ * library.  Not doing so, will result in a memory leak.
  *
  * This does not free the `git_strarray` itself, since the library will
- * never allocate that object directly itself (it is more commonly embedded
- * inside another struct or created on the stack).
+ * never allocate that object directly itself.
  *
- * @param array git_strarray from which to free string data
+ * @param array The git_strarray that contains strings to free
  */
-GIT_EXTERN(void) git_strarray_free(git_strarray *array);
+GIT_EXTERN(void) git_strarray_dispose(git_strarray *array);
 
 /**
  * Copy a string array object from source to target.
diff --git a/include/git2/submodule.h b/include/git2/submodule.h
index bedd76d..29d8bc1 100644
--- a/include/git2/submodule.h
+++ b/include/git2/submodule.h
@@ -224,6 +224,15 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_submodule_lookup(
 	const char *name);
 
 /**
+ * Create an in-memory copy of a submodule. The copy must be explicitly
+ * free'd or it will leak.
+ *
+ * @param out Pointer to store the copy of the submodule.
+ * @param source Original submodule to copy.
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_submodule_dup(git_submodule **out, git_submodule *source);
+
+/**
  * Release a submodule
  *
  * @param submodule Submodule object
diff --git a/include/git2/sys/commit_graph.h b/include/git2/sys/commit_graph.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..038c9b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/git2/sys/commit_graph.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+#ifndef INCLUDE_sys_git_commit_graph_h__
+#define INCLUDE_sys_git_commit_graph_h__
+
+#include "git2/common.h"
+#include "git2/types.h"
+
+/**
+ * @file git2/sys/commit_graph.h
+ * @brief Git commit-graph
+ * @defgroup git_commit_graph Git commit-graph APIs
+ * @ingroup Git
+ * @{
+ */
+GIT_BEGIN_DECL
+
+/**
+ * Opens a `git_commit_graph` from a path to an objects directory.
+ *
+ * This finds, opens, and validates the `commit-graph` file.
+ *
+ * @param cgraph_out the `git_commit_graph` struct to initialize.
+ * @param objects_dir the path to a git objects directory.
+ * @return Zero on success; -1 on failure.
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_commit_graph_open(git_commit_graph **cgraph_out, const char *objects_dir);
+
+/**
+ * Frees commit-graph data. This should only be called when memory allocated
+ * using `git_commit_graph_open` is not returned to libgit2 because it was not
+ * associated with the ODB through a successful call to
+ * `git_odb_set_commit_graph`.
+ *
+ * @param cgraph the commit-graph object to free. If NULL, no action is taken.
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(void) git_commit_graph_free(git_commit_graph *cgraph);
+
+GIT_END_DECL
+
+#endif
diff --git a/include/git2/sys/refdb_backend.h b/include/git2/sys/refdb_backend.h
index 8e22c4f..c31e26d 100644
--- a/include/git2/sys/refdb_backend.h
+++ b/include/git2/sys/refdb_backend.h
@@ -64,6 +64,12 @@ struct git_refdb_backend {
 	 * Queries the refdb backend for the existence of a reference.
 	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation must provide this function.
+	 *
+	 * @arg exists The implementation shall set this to `0` if a ref does
+	 *             not exist, otherwise to `1`.
+	 * @arg ref_name The reference's name that should be checked for
+	 *               existence.
+	 * @return `0` on success, a negative error value code.
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(exists)(
 		int *exists,
@@ -74,6 +80,13 @@ struct git_refdb_backend {
 	 * Queries the refdb backend for a given reference.
 	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation must provide this function.
+	 *
+	 * @arg out The implementation shall set this to the allocated
+	 *          reference, if it could be found, otherwise to `NULL`.
+	 * @arg ref_name The reference's name that should be checked for
+	 *               existence.
+	 * @return `0` on success, `GIT_ENOTFOUND` if the reference does
+	 *         exist, otherwise a negative error code.
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(lookup)(
 		git_reference **out,
@@ -84,6 +97,16 @@ struct git_refdb_backend {
 	 * Allocate an iterator object for the backend.
 	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation must provide this function.
+	 *
+	 * @arg out The implementation shall set this to the allocated
+	 *          reference iterator. A custom structure may be used with an
+	 *          embedded `git_reference_iterator` structure. Both `next`
+	 *          and `next_name` functions of `git_reference_iterator` need
+	 *          to be populated.
+	 * @arg glob A pattern to filter references by. If given, the iterator
+	 *           shall only return references that match the glob when
+	 *           passed to `wildmatch`.
+	 * @return `0` on success, otherwise a negative error code.
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(iterator)(
 		git_reference_iterator **iter,
@@ -94,6 +117,27 @@ struct git_refdb_backend {
 	 * Writes the given reference to the refdb.
 	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation must provide this function.
+	 *
+	 * @arg ref The reference to persist. May either be a symbolic or
+	 *          direct reference.
+	 * @arg force Whether to write the reference if a reference with the
+	 *            same name already exists.
+	 * @arg who The person updating the reference. Shall be used to create
+	 *          a reflog entry.
+	 * @arg message The message detailing what kind of reference update is
+	 *              performed. Shall be used to create a reflog entry.
+	 * @arg old If not `NULL` and `force` is not set, then the
+	 *          implementation needs to ensure that the reference is currently at
+	 *          the given OID before writing the new value. If both `old`
+	 *          and `old_target` are `NULL`, then the reference should not
+	 *          exist at the point of writing.
+	 * @arg old_target If not `NULL` and `force` is not set, then the
+	 *                 implementation needs to ensure that the symbolic
+	 *                 reference is currently at the given target before
+	 *                 writing the new value. If both `old` and
+	 *                 `old_target` are `NULL`, then the reference should
+	 *                 not exist at the point of writing.
+	 * @return `0` on success, otherwise a negative error code.
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(write)(git_refdb_backend *backend,
 		     const git_reference *ref, int force,
@@ -104,6 +148,18 @@ struct git_refdb_backend {
 	 * Rename a reference in the refdb.
 	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation must provide this function.
+	 *
+	 * @arg out The implementation shall set this to the newly created
+	 *          reference or `NULL` on error.
+	 * @arg old_name The current name of the reference that is to be renamed.
+	 * @arg new_name The new name that the old reference shall be renamed to.
+	 * @arg force Whether to write the reference if a reference with the
+	 *            target name already exists.
+	 * @arg who The person updating the reference. Shall be used to create
+	 *          a reflog entry.
+	 * @arg message The message detailing what kind of reference update is
+	 *              performed. Shall be used to create a reflog entry.
+	 * @return `0` on success, otherwise a negative error code.
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(rename)(
 		git_reference **out, git_refdb_backend *backend,
@@ -116,6 +172,16 @@ struct git_refdb_backend {
 	 * If it exists, its reflog should be deleted as well.
 	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation must provide this function.
+	 *
+	 * @arg ref_name The name of the reference name that shall be deleted.
+	 * @arg old_id If not `NULL` and `force` is not set, then the
+	 *             implementation needs to ensure that the reference is currently at
+	 *             the given OID before writing the new value.
+	 * @arg old_target If not `NULL` and `force` is not set, then the
+	 *                 implementation needs to ensure that the symbolic
+	 *                 reference is currently at the given target before
+	 *                 writing the new value.
+	 * @return `0` on success, otherwise a negative error code.
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(del)(git_refdb_backend *backend, const char *ref_name, const git_oid *old_id, const char *old_target);
 
@@ -127,13 +193,21 @@ struct git_refdb_backend {
 	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation may provide this function; if it is not
 	 * provided, nothing will be done.
+	 *
+	 * @return `0` on success a negative error code otherwise
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(compress)(git_refdb_backend *backend);
 
 	/**
 	 * Query whether a particular reference has a log (may be empty)
 	 *
+	 * Shall return 1 if it has a reflog, 0 it it doesn't and negative in
+	 * case an error occurred.
+	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation must provide this function.
+	 *
+	 * @return `0` on success, `1` if the reflog for the given reference
+	 *         exists, a negative error code otherwise
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(has_log)(git_refdb_backend *backend, const char *refname);
 
@@ -142,6 +216,8 @@ struct git_refdb_backend {
 	 * will be appended to on writes.
 	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation must provide this function.
+	 *
+	 * @return `0` on success, a negative error code otherwise
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(ensure_log)(git_refdb_backend *backend, const char *refname);
 
@@ -157,6 +233,8 @@ struct git_refdb_backend {
 	 * Read the reflog for the given reference name.
 	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation must provide this function.
+	 *
+	 * @return `0` on success, a negative error code otherwise
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(reflog_read)(git_reflog **out, git_refdb_backend *backend, const char *name);
 
@@ -164,6 +242,11 @@ struct git_refdb_backend {
 	 * Write a reflog to disk.
 	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation must provide this function.
+	 *
+	 * @arg reflog The complete reference log for a given reference. Note
+	 *             that this may contain entries that have already been
+	 *             written to disk.
+	 * @return `0` on success, a negative error code otherwise
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(reflog_write)(git_refdb_backend *backend, git_reflog *reflog);
 
@@ -171,6 +254,10 @@ struct git_refdb_backend {
 	 * Rename a reflog.
 	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation must provide this function.
+	 *
+	 * @arg old_name The name of old reference whose reflog shall be renamed from.
+	 * @arg new_name The name of new reference whose reflog shall be renamed to.
+	 * @return `0` on success, a negative error code otherwise
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(reflog_rename)(git_refdb_backend *_backend, const char *old_name, const char *new_name);
 
@@ -178,16 +265,22 @@ struct git_refdb_backend {
 	 * Remove a reflog.
 	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation must provide this function.
+	 *
+	 * @arg name The name of the reference whose reflog shall be deleted.
+	 * @return `0` on success, a negative error code otherwise
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(reflog_delete)(git_refdb_backend *backend, const char *name);
 
 	/**
 	 * Lock a reference.
 	 *
-	 * The opaque parameter will be passed to the unlock function.
-	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation may provide this function; if it is not
 	 * provided, the transaction API will fail to work.
+	 *
+	 * @arg payload_out Opaque parameter that will be passed verbosely to
+	 *                  `unlock`.
+	 * @arg refname Reference that shall be locked.
+	 * @return `0` on success, a negative error code otherwise
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(lock)(void **payload_out, git_refdb_backend *backend, const char *refname);
 
@@ -200,6 +293,20 @@ struct git_refdb_backend {
 	 *
 	 * A refdb implementation must provide this function if a `lock`
 	 * implementation is provided.
+	 *
+	 * @arg payload The payload returned by `lock`.
+	 * @arg success `1` if a reference should be updated, `2` if
+	 *              a reference should be deleted, `0` if the lock must be
+	 *              discarded.
+	 * @arg update_reflog `1` in case the reflog should be updated, `0`
+	 *                    otherwise.
+	 * @arg ref The reference which should be unlocked.
+	 * @arg who The person updating the reference. Shall be used to create
+	 *          a reflog entry in case `update_reflog` is set.
+	 * @arg message The message detailing what kind of reference update is
+	 *              performed. Shall be used to create a reflog entry in
+	 *              case `update_reflog` is set.
+	 * @return `0` on success, a negative error code otherwise
 	 */
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(unlock)(git_refdb_backend *backend, void *payload, int success, int update_reflog,
 		      const git_reference *ref, const git_signature *sig, const char *message);
diff --git a/include/git2/sys/transport.h b/include/git2/sys/transport.h
index 6cee42f..fee3454 100644
--- a/include/git2/sys/transport.h
+++ b/include/git2/sys/transport.h
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #define INCLUDE_sys_git_transport_h
 
 #include "git2/net.h"
+#include "git2/transport.h"
 #include "git2/types.h"
 #include "git2/strarray.h"
 #include "git2/proxy.h"
diff --git a/include/git2/tag.h b/include/git2/tag.h
index 4e5fe1d..a392136 100644
--- a/include/git2/tag.h
+++ b/include/git2/tag.h
@@ -365,6 +365,18 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_tag_peel(
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_tag_dup(git_tag **out, git_tag *source);
 
+/**
+ * Determine whether a tag name is valid, meaning that (when prefixed
+ * with `refs/tags/`) that it is a valid reference name, and that any
+ * additional tag name restrictions are imposed (eg, it cannot start
+ * with a `-`).
+ *
+ * @param valid output pointer to set with validity of given tag name
+ * @param name a tag name to test
+ * @return 0 on success or an error code
+ */
+GIT_EXTERN(int) git_tag_name_is_valid(int *valid, const char *name);
+
 /** @} */
 GIT_END_DECL
 #endif
diff --git a/include/git2/transport.h b/include/git2/transport.h
index fc99ce8..5a27de9 100644
--- a/include/git2/transport.h
+++ b/include/git2/transport.h
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 GIT_BEGIN_DECL
 
 /**
- * Callback for messages recieved by the transport.
+ * Callback for messages received by the transport.
  *
  * Return a negative value to cancel the network operation.
  *
diff --git a/include/git2/tree.h b/include/git2/tree.h
index 1a8e155..f2289fc 100644
--- a/include/git2/tree.h
+++ b/include/git2/tree.h
@@ -334,6 +334,7 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_treebuilder_insert(
  *
  * @param bld Tree builder
  * @param filename Filename of the entry to remove
+ * @return 0 or an error code
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_treebuilder_remove(
 	git_treebuilder *bld, const char *filename);
@@ -378,20 +379,6 @@ GIT_EXTERN(int) git_treebuilder_filter(
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_treebuilder_write(
 	git_oid *id, git_treebuilder *bld);
 
-/**
- * Write the contents of the tree builder as a tree object
- * using a shared git_buf.
- *
- * @see git_treebuilder_write
- *
- * @param oid Pointer to store the OID of the newly written tree
- * @param bld Tree builder to write
- * @param tree Shared buffer for writing the tree. Will be grown as necessary.
- * @return 0 or an error code
- */
-GIT_EXTERN(int) git_treebuilder_write_with_buffer(
-	git_oid *oid, git_treebuilder *bld, git_buf *tree);
-
 /** Callback for the tree traversal method */
 typedef int GIT_CALLBACK(git_treewalk_cb)(
 	const char *root, const git_tree_entry *entry, void *payload);
@@ -477,6 +464,7 @@ typedef struct {
  * @param baseline the tree to base these changes on
  * @param nupdates the number of elements in the update list
  * @param updates the list of updates to perform
+ * @return 0 or an error code
  */
 GIT_EXTERN(int) git_tree_create_updated(git_oid *out, git_repository *repo, git_tree *baseline, size_t nupdates, const git_tree_update *updates);
 
diff --git a/include/git2/types.h b/include/git2/types.h
index ade0c7d..562eb8e 100644
--- a/include/git2/types.h
+++ b/include/git2/types.h
@@ -102,6 +102,9 @@ typedef struct git_refdb git_refdb;
 /** A custom backend for refs */
 typedef struct git_refdb_backend git_refdb_backend;
 
+/** A git commit-graph */
+typedef struct git_commit_graph git_commit_graph;
+
 /**
  * Representation of an existing git repository,
  * including all its object contents
diff --git a/include/git2/version.h b/include/git2/version.h
index 148808c..c1020bb 100644
--- a/include/git2/version.h
+++ b/include/git2/version.h
@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@
 #ifndef INCLUDE_git_version_h__
 #define INCLUDE_git_version_h__
 
-#define LIBGIT2_VERSION "0.28.0"
-#define LIBGIT2_VER_MAJOR 0
-#define LIBGIT2_VER_MINOR 28
+#define LIBGIT2_VERSION "1.1.0"
+#define LIBGIT2_VER_MAJOR 1
+#define LIBGIT2_VER_MINOR 1
 #define LIBGIT2_VER_REVISION 0
 #define LIBGIT2_VER_PATCH 0
 
-#define LIBGIT2_SOVERSION 28
+#define LIBGIT2_SOVERSION "1.1"
 
 #endif
diff --git a/include/git2/worktree.h b/include/git2/worktree.h
index 049511d..23084d8 100644
--- a/include/git2/worktree.h
+++ b/include/git2/worktree.h
@@ -198,6 +198,7 @@ typedef enum {
 typedef struct git_worktree_prune_options {
 	unsigned int version;
 
+	/** A combination of `git_worktree_prune_t` */
 	uint32_t flags;
 } git_worktree_prune_options;
 
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index d33f31c..5e74f3b 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "libgit2",
-  "version": "0.27.0",
+  "version": "1.1.0",
   "repo": "https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2",
   "description": " A cross-platform, linkable library implementation of Git that you can use in your application.",
   "install": "mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. && cmake --build ."
diff --git a/script/release.py b/script/release.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1a240de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/script/release.py
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+import argparse
+import base64
+import copy
+import json
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import urllib.parse
+import urllib.request
+import urllib.error
+
+class Error(Exception):
+    pass
+
+class Version(object):
+    def __init__(self, version):
+        versions = version.split(sep='.')
+        if len(versions) < 2 or len(versions) > 3:
+            raise Error("Invalid version string '{}'".format(version))
+        self.major = int(versions[0])
+        self.minor = int(versions[1])
+        self.revision = int(versions[2]) if len(versions) == 3 else 0
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '{}.{}.{}'.format(self.major, self.minor, self.revision)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self.major == other.major and self.minor == other.minor and self.revision == other.revision
+
+def verify_version(version):
+    expected = {
+        'VERSION':      [ '"{}"'.format(version), None ],
+        'VER_MAJOR':    [ str(version.major), None ],
+        'VER_MINOR':    [ str(version.minor), None ],
+        'VER_REVISION': [ str(version.revision), None ],
+        'VER_PATCH':    [ '0', None ],
+        'SOVERSION':    [ '"{}.{}"'.format(version.major, version.minor), None ],
+    }
+
+    # Parse CMakeLists
+    with open('CMakeLists.txt') as f:
+        for line in f.readlines():
+            if line.startswith('project(libgit2 VERSION "{}"'.format(version)):
+                break
+        else:
+            raise Error("cmake: invalid project definition")
+
+    # Parse version.h
+    with open('include/git2/version.h') as f:
+        lines = f.readlines()
+
+    for key in expected.keys():
+        define = '#define LIBGIT2_{} '.format(key)
+        for line in lines:
+            if line.startswith(define):
+                expected[key][1] = line[len(define):].strip()
+                break
+        else:
+            raise Error("version.h: missing define for '{}'".format(key))
+
+    for k, v in expected.items():
+        if v[0] != v[1]:
+            raise Error("version.h: define '{}' does not match (got '{}', expected '{}')".format(k, v[0], v[1]))
+
+    with open('package.json') as f:
+        pkg = json.load(f)
+
+    try:
+        pkg_version = Version(pkg["version"])
+    except KeyError as err:
+        raise Error("package.json: missing the field {}".format(err))
+
+    if pkg_version != version:
+        raise Error("package.json: version does not match (got '{}', expected '{}')".format(pkg_version, version))
+
+def generate_relnotes(tree, version):
+    with open('docs/changelog.md') as f:
+        lines = f.readlines()
+
+    if not lines[0].startswith('v'):
+        raise Error("changelog.md: missing section for v{}".format(version))
+    try:
+        v = Version(lines[0][1:].strip())
+    except:
+        raise Error("changelog.md: invalid version string {}".format(lines[0].strip()))
+    if v != version:
+        raise Error("changelog.md: changelog version doesn't match (got {}, expected {})".format(v, version))
+    if not lines[1].startswith('----'):
+        raise Error("changelog.md: missing version header")
+    if lines[2] != '\n':
+        raise Error("changelog.md: missing newline after version header")
+
+    for i, line in enumerate(lines[3:]):
+        if not line.startswith('v'):
+            continue
+        try:
+            Version(line[1:].strip())
+            break
+        except:
+            continue
+    else:
+        raise Error("changelog.md: cannot find section header of preceding release")
+
+    return ''.join(lines[3:i + 3]).strip()
+
+def git(*args):
+    process = subprocess.run([ 'git', *args ], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+    if process.returncode != 0:
+        raise Error('Failed executing git {}: {}'.format(' '.join(args),  process.stderr.decode()))
+    return process.stdout
+
+def post(url, data, contenttype, user, password):
+    request = urllib.request.Request(url, data=data)
+    request.add_header('Accept', 'application/json')
+    request.add_header('Content-Type', contenttype)
+    request.add_header('Content-Length', len(data))
+    request.add_header('Authorization', 'Basic ' + base64.b64encode('{}:{}'.format(user, password).encode()).decode())
+
+    try:
+        response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
+        if response.getcode() != 201:
+            raise Error("POST to '{}' failed: {}".format(url, response.reason))
+    except urllib.error.URLError as e:
+        raise Error("POST to '{}' failed: {}".format(url, e))
+    data = json.load(response)
+
+    return data
+
+def generate_asset(version, tree, archive_format):
+    Asset = namedtuple('Asset', ['name', 'label', 'mimetype', 'data'])
+    mimetype = 'application/{}'.format('gzip' if archive_format == 'tar.gz' else 'zip')
+    return Asset(
+        "libgit2-{}.{}".format(version, archive_format), "Release sources: libgit2-{}.{}".format(version, archive_format), mimetype,
+        git('archive', '--format', archive_format, '--prefix', 'libgit2-{}/'.format(version), tree)
+    )
+
+def release(args):
+    params = {
+        "tag_name": 'v' + str(args.version),
+        "name": 'libgit2 v' + str(args.version),
+        "target_commitish": git('rev-parse', args.tree).decode().strip(),
+        "body": generate_relnotes(args.tree, args.version),
+    }
+    assets = [
+        generate_asset(args.version, args.tree, 'tar.gz'),
+        generate_asset(args.version, args.tree, 'zip'),
+    ]
+
+    if args.dryrun:
+        for k, v in params.items():
+            print('{}: {}'.format(k, v))
+        for asset in assets:
+            print('asset: name={}, label={}, mimetype={}, bytes={}'.format(asset.name, asset.label, asset.mimetype, len(asset.data)))
+        return
+
+    try:
+        url = 'https://api.github.com/repos/{}/releases'.format(args.repository)
+        response = post(url, json.dumps(params).encode(), 'application/json', args.user, args.password)
+    except Error as e:
+        raise Error('Could not create release: ' + str(e))
+
+    for asset in assets:
+        try:
+            url = list(urllib.parse.urlparse(response['upload_url'].split('{?')[0]))
+            url[4] = urllib.parse.urlencode({ 'name': asset.name, 'label': asset.label })
+            post(urllib.parse.urlunparse(url), asset.data, asset.mimetype, args.user, args.password)
+        except Error as e:
+            raise Error('Could not upload asset: ' + str(e))
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Create a libgit2 release')
+    parser.add_argument('--tree', default='HEAD', help='tree to create release for (default: HEAD)')
+    parser.add_argument('--dryrun', action='store_true', help='generate release, but do not post it')
+    parser.add_argument('--repository', default='libgit2/libgit2', help='GitHub repository to create repository in')
+    parser.add_argument('--user', help='user to authenticate as')
+    parser.add_argument('--password', help='password to authenticate with')
+    parser.add_argument('version', type=Version, help='version of the new release')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    verify_version(args.version)
+    release(args)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    try:
+        main()
+    except Error as e:
+        print(e)
+        sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/script/sanitizers.supp b/script/sanitizers.supp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e0e9be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/script/sanitizers.supp
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+[undefined]
+# This library allows unaligned access on Intel-like processors. Prevent UBSan
+# from complaining about that.
+fun:sha1_compression_states
diff --git a/script/thread-sanitizer.supp b/script/thread-sanitizer.supp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97d2304
--- /dev/null
+++ b/script/thread-sanitizer.supp
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# In attr_file_free, the locks are acquired in the opposite order in which they
+# are normally acquired. This is probably something worth fixing to have a
+# consistent lock hierarchy that is easy to understand.
+deadlock:attr_cache_lock
+
+# git_mwindow_file_register has the possibility of evicting some files from the
+# global cache. In order to avoid races and closing files that are currently
+# being accessed, before evicting any file it will attempt to acquire that
+# file's lock. Finally, git_mwindow_file_register is typically called with a
+# file lock held, because the caller will use the fd in the mwf immediately
+# after registering it. This causes ThreadSanitizer to observe different orders
+# of acquisition of the mutex (which implies a possibility of a deadlock),
+# _but_ since the files are added to the cache after other files have been
+# evicted, there cannot be a case where mwf A is trying to be registered while
+# evicting mwf B concurrently and viceversa: at most one of them can be present
+# in the cache.
+deadlock:git_mwindow_file_register
+
+# When invoking the time/timezone functions from git_signature_now(), they
+# access libc methods that need to be instrumented to correctly analyze the
+# data races.
+called_from_lib:libc.so.6
+
+# TODO(#5592): Investigate and fix this. It can be triggered by the `thread`
+# test suite.
+race:git_filter_list__load_ext
diff --git a/script/valgrind.supp b/script/valgrind.supp
index d938aa9..8c4549f 100644
--- a/script/valgrind.supp
+++ b/script/valgrind.supp
@@ -42,6 +42,38 @@
 }
 
 {
+	ignore-openssl-init-leak
+	Memcheck:Leak
+	...
+	fun:git_openssl_stream_global_init
+	...
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-openssl-legacy-init-leak
+	Memcheck:Leak
+	...
+	fun:OPENSSL_init_ssl__legacy
+	...
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-openssl-malloc-leak
+	Memcheck:Leak
+	...
+	fun:git_openssl_malloc
+	...
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-openssl-realloc-leak
+	Memcheck:Leak
+	...
+	fun:git_openssl_realloc
+	...
+}
+
+{
 	ignore-glibc-getaddrinfo-cache
 	Memcheck:Leak
 	...
@@ -65,6 +97,22 @@
 }
 
 {
+	ignore-libssh2-session-create
+	Memcheck:Leak
+	...
+	fun:_git_ssh_session_create
+	...
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-libssh2-setup-conn
+	Memcheck:Leak
+	...
+	fun:_git_ssh_setup_conn
+	...
+}
+
+{
 	ignore-libssh2-gcrypt-control-leak
 	Memcheck:Leak
 	...
@@ -178,3 +226,19 @@
 	obj:*libcrypto.so*
 	...
 }
+
+{
+	ignore-dlopen-leak
+	Memcheck:Leak
+	...
+	fun:dlopen
+	...
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-dlopen-leak
+	Memcheck:Leak
+	...
+	fun:_dlerror_run
+	...
+}
diff --git a/src/CMakeLists.txt b/src/CMakeLists.txt
index 9e4a41a..45dec27 100644
--- a/src/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,9 +1,23 @@
+add_library(git2internal OBJECT)
+set_target_properties(git2internal PROPERTIES C_STANDARD 90)
+
 IF(DEBUG_POOL)
 	SET(GIT_DEBUG_POOL 1)
 ENDIF()
 ADD_FEATURE_INFO(debugpool GIT_DEBUG_POOL "debug pool allocator")
 
+IF(DEBUG_STRICT_ALLOC)
+	SET(GIT_DEBUG_STRICT_ALLOC 1)
+ENDIF()
+ADD_FEATURE_INFO(debugalloc GIT_DEBUG_STRICT_ALLOC "debug strict allocators")
+
+IF(DEBUG_STRICT_OPEN)
+	SET(GIT_DEBUG_STRICT_OPEN 1)
+ENDIF()
+ADD_FEATURE_INFO(debugopen GIT_DEBUG_STRICT_OPEN "path validation in open")
+
 INCLUDE(PkgBuildConfig)
+INCLUDE(SanitizeBool)
 
 # This variable will contain the libraries we need to put into
 # libgit2.pc's Requires.private. That is, what we're linking to or
@@ -21,40 +35,36 @@ SET(LIBGIT2_INCLUDES
 SET(LIBGIT2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES "")
 SET(LIBGIT2_LIBS "")
 
-# Installation paths
-#
-SET(BIN_INSTALL_DIR bin CACHE PATH "Where to install binaries to.")
-SET(LIB_INSTALL_DIR lib CACHE PATH "Where to install libraries to.")
-SET(INCLUDE_INSTALL_DIR include CACHE PATH "Where to install headers to.")
+enable_warnings(missing-declarations)
 
 # Enable tracing
-IF (ENABLE_TRACE STREQUAL "ON")
+IF(ENABLE_TRACE)
 	SET(GIT_TRACE 1)
 ENDIF()
 ADD_FEATURE_INFO(tracing GIT_TRACE "tracing support")
 
-CHECK_FUNCTION_EXISTS(futimens HAVE_FUTIMENS)
 IF (HAVE_FUTIMENS)
 	SET(GIT_USE_FUTIMENS 1)
 ENDIF ()
+ADD_FEATURE_INFO(futimens GIT_USE_FUTIMENS "futimens support")
 
 CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION(qsort_r
 	"void qsort_r(void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size, void *thunk, int (*compar)(void *, const void *, const void *))"
 	"" "stdlib.h" HAVE_QSORT_R_BSD)
 IF (HAVE_QSORT_R_BSD)
-	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DHAVE_QSORT_R_BSD)
+	target_compile_definitions(git2internal PRIVATE HAVE_QSORT_R_BSD)
 ENDIF()
 
 CHECK_PROTOTYPE_DEFINITION(qsort_r
 	"void qsort_r(void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size, int (*compar)(const void *, const void *, void *), void *arg)"
 	"" "stdlib.h" HAVE_QSORT_R_GNU)
 IF (HAVE_QSORT_R_GNU)
-	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DHAVE_QSORT_R_GNU)
+	target_compile_definitions(git2internal PRIVATE HAVE_QSORT_R_GNU)
 ENDIF()
 
 CHECK_FUNCTION_EXISTS(qsort_s HAVE_QSORT_S)
 IF (HAVE_QSORT_S)
-	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DHAVE_QSORT_S)
+	target_compile_definitions(git2internal PRIVATE HAVE_QSORT_S)
 ENDIF ()
 
 # Find required dependencies
@@ -82,12 +92,15 @@ ENDIF()
 ADD_FEATURE_INFO(threadsafe THREADSAFE "threadsafe support")
 
 
-IF (WIN32 AND EMBED_SSH_PATH)
-	FILE(GLOB SRC_SSH "${EMBED_SSH_PATH}/src/*.c")
-	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES "${EMBED_SSH_PATH}/include")
-	FILE(WRITE "${EMBED_SSH_PATH}/src/libssh2_config.h" "#define HAVE_WINCNG\n#define LIBSSH2_WINCNG\n#include \"../win32/libssh2_config.h\"")
-	SET(GIT_SSH 1)
-ENDIF()
+if(WIN32 AND EMBED_SSH_PATH)
+	file(GLOB SRC_SSH "${EMBED_SSH_PATH}/src/*.c")
+	list(SORT SRC_SSH)
+	target_sources(git2internal PRIVATE ${SRC_SSH})
+
+	list(APPEND LIBGIT2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES "${EMBED_SSH_PATH}/include")
+	file(WRITE "${EMBED_SSH_PATH}/src/libssh2_config.h" "#define HAVE_WINCNG\n#define LIBSSH2_WINCNG\n#include \"../win32/libssh2_config.h\"")
+	set(GIT_SSH 1)
+endif()
 
 IF (WIN32 AND WINHTTP)
 	SET(GIT_WINHTTP 1)
@@ -107,8 +120,9 @@ IF (WIN32 AND WINHTTP)
 	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_LIBS "-lrpcrt4" "-lcrypt32" "-lole32")
 ENDIF()
 
-Include(SelectHTTPSBackend)
-Include(SelectHashes)
+include(SelectHTTPSBackend)
+include(SelectHashes)
+target_sources(git2internal PRIVATE ${SRC_SHA1})
 
 # Specify regular expression implementation
 FIND_PACKAGE(PCRE)
@@ -140,7 +154,7 @@ ELSEIF(REGEX_BACKEND STREQUAL "pcre2")
 
 	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES ${PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIRS})
 	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_LIBS ${PCRE2_LIBRARIES})
-	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_REQUIRES "libpcre2")
+	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_PC_REQUIRES "libpcre2-8")
 ELSEIF(REGEX_BACKEND STREQUAL "pcre")
 	ADD_FEATURE_INFO(regex ON "using system PCRE")
 	SET(GIT_REGEX_PCRE 1)
@@ -183,7 +197,12 @@ ELSE()
 ENDIF()
 
 # Optional external dependency: zlib
-IF(NOT USE_BUNDLED_ZLIB)
+SanitizeBool(USE_BUNDLED_ZLIB)
+IF(USE_BUNDLED_ZLIB STREQUAL ON)
+	SET(USE_BUNDLED_ZLIB "Bundled")
+ENDIF()
+
+IF(USE_BUNDLED_ZLIB STREQUAL "OFF")
 	FIND_PACKAGE(ZLIB)
 	IF(ZLIB_FOUND)
 		LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES ${ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIRS})
@@ -198,7 +217,12 @@ IF(NOT USE_BUNDLED_ZLIB)
 		MESSAGE(STATUS "zlib was not found; using bundled 3rd-party sources." )
 	ENDIF()
 ENDIF()
-IF(USE_BUNDLED_ZLIB OR NOT ZLIB_FOUND)
+IF(USE_BUNDLED_ZLIB STREQUAL "Chromium")
+	ADD_SUBDIRECTORY("${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/deps/chromium-zlib" "${libgit2_BINARY_DIR}/deps/chromium-zlib")
+	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_INCLUDES "${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/deps/chromium-zlib")
+	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_OBJECTS $<TARGET_OBJECTS:chromium_zlib>)
+	ADD_FEATURE_INFO(zlib ON "using (Chromium) bundled zlib")
+ELSEIF(USE_BUNDLED_ZLIB OR NOT ZLIB_FOUND)
 	ADD_SUBDIRECTORY("${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/deps/zlib" "${libgit2_BINARY_DIR}/deps/zlib")
 	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_INCLUDES "${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/deps/zlib")
 	LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_OBJECTS $<TARGET_OBJECTS:zlib>)
@@ -270,37 +294,47 @@ ELSEIF (HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIME_NSEC)
 	SET(GIT_USE_STAT_MTIME_NSEC 1)
 ENDIF()
 
-ADD_DEFINITIONS(-D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64)
+target_compile_definitions(git2internal PRIVATE _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64)
 
 # Collect sourcefiles
-FILE(GLOB SRC_H
+file(GLOB SRC_H
 	"${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/include/git2.h"
 	"${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/include/git2/*.h"
 	"${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/include/git2/sys/*.h")
+list(SORT SRC_H)
+target_sources(git2internal PRIVATE ${SRC_H})
 
 # On Windows use specific platform sources
-IF (WIN32 AND NOT CYGWIN)
-	IF(MSVC)
-		SET(WIN_RC "win32/git2.rc")
-	ENDIF()
-
-	FILE(GLOB SRC_OS win32/*.c win32/*.h)
-ELSEIF (AMIGA)
-	ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DNO_ADDRINFO -DNO_READDIR_R -DNO_MMAP)
-ELSE()
-	ADD_FEATURE_INFO(valgrind VALGRIND "valgrind hints")
-	IF (VALGRIND)
-		ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DVALGRIND)
-	ENDIF()
-
-	FILE(GLOB SRC_OS unix/*.c unix/*.h)
+if(WIN32 AND NOT CYGWIN)
+	SET(WIN_RC "win32/git2.rc")
+
+	file(GLOB SRC_OS win32/*.c win32/*.h)
+	list(SORT SRC_OS)
+	target_sources(git2internal PRIVATE ${SRC_OS})
+elseif(AMIGA)
+	target_compile_definitions(git2internal PRIVATE NO_ADDRINFO NO_READDIR_R NO_MMAP)
+else()
+	file(GLOB SRC_OS unix/*.c unix/*.h)
+	list(SORT SRC_OS)
+	target_sources(git2internal PRIVATE ${SRC_OS})
+endif()
+
+IF (USE_LEAK_CHECKER STREQUAL "valgrind")
+	target_compile_definitions(git2internal PRIVATE VALGRIND)
 ENDIF()
 
-FILE(GLOB SRC_GIT2 *.c *.h
+file(GLOB SRC_GIT2 *.c *.h
 	allocators/*.c allocators/*.h
 	streams/*.c streams/*.h
 	transports/*.c transports/*.h
 	xdiff/*.c xdiff/*.h)
+list(SORT SRC_GIT2)
+target_sources(git2internal PRIVATE ${SRC_GIT2})
+
+IF(APPLE)
+	# The old Secure Transport API has been deprecated in macOS 10.15.
+	SET_SOURCE_FILES_PROPERTIES(streams/stransport.c PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS -Wno-deprecated)
+ENDIF()
 
 # the xdiff dependency is not (yet) warning-free, disable warnings as
 # errors for the xdiff sources until we've sorted them out
@@ -322,10 +356,6 @@ ENDIF()
 
 CONFIGURE_FILE(features.h.in git2/sys/features.h)
 
-SET(LIBGIT2_SOURCES ${SRC_H} ${SRC_GIT2} ${SRC_OS} ${SRC_SSH} ${SRC_SHA1})
-
-ADD_LIBRARY(git2internal OBJECT ${LIBGIT2_SOURCES})
-SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(git2internal PROPERTIES C_STANDARD 90)
 IDE_SPLIT_SOURCES(git2internal)
 LIST(APPEND LIBGIT2_OBJECTS $<TARGET_OBJECTS:git2internal>)
 
@@ -361,19 +391,19 @@ ENDIF()
 
 IDE_SPLIT_SOURCES(git2)
 
-IF (SONAME)
-	SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(git2 PROPERTIES VERSION ${LIBGIT2_VERSION_STRING})
-	SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(git2 PROPERTIES SOVERSION ${LIBGIT2_SOVERSION})
-	IF (LIBGIT2_FILENAME)
-		ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DLIBGIT2_FILENAME=\"${LIBGIT2_FILENAME}\")
-		SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(git2 PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME ${LIBGIT2_FILENAME})
-	ELSEIF (DEFINED LIBGIT2_PREFIX)
-		SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(git2 PROPERTIES PREFIX "${LIBGIT2_PREFIX}")
-	ENDIF()
-ENDIF()
+if(SONAME)
+	set_target_properties(git2 PROPERTIES VERSION ${libgit2_VERSION})
+	set_target_properties(git2 PROPERTIES SOVERSION "${libgit2_VERSION_MAJOR}.${libgit2_VERSION_MINOR}")
+	if(LIBGIT2_FILENAME)
+		target_compile_definitions(git2 PRIVATE LIBGIT2_FILENAME=\"${LIBGIT2_FILENAME}\")
+		set_target_properties(git2 PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME ${LIBGIT2_FILENAME})
+	elseif(DEFINED LIBGIT2_PREFIX)
+		set_target_properties(git2 PROPERTIES PREFIX "${LIBGIT2_PREFIX}")
+	endif()
+endif()
 
 PKG_BUILD_CONFIG(NAME libgit2
-	VERSION ${LIBGIT2_VERSION_STRING}
+	VERSION ${libgit2_VERSION}
 	DESCRIPTION "The git library, take 2"
 	LIBS_SELF git2
 	PRIVATE_LIBS ${LIBGIT2_PC_LIBS}
@@ -388,9 +418,9 @@ ENDIF ()
 
 # Install
 INSTALL(TARGETS git2
-	RUNTIME DESTINATION ${BIN_INSTALL_DIR}
-	LIBRARY DESTINATION ${LIB_INSTALL_DIR}
-	ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${LIB_INSTALL_DIR}
+	RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}
+	LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}
+	ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}
 )
-INSTALL(DIRECTORY ${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/include/git2 DESTINATION ${INCLUDE_INSTALL_DIR} )
-INSTALL(FILES ${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/include/git2.h DESTINATION ${INCLUDE_INSTALL_DIR} )
+INSTALL(DIRECTORY ${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/include/git2 DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR})
+INSTALL(FILES ${libgit2_SOURCE_DIR}/include/git2.h DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR})
diff --git a/src/alloc.c b/src/alloc.c
index 51c4d80..2820d84 100644
--- a/src/alloc.c
+++ b/src/alloc.c
@@ -6,16 +6,29 @@
  */
 
 #include "alloc.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
 
+#include "allocators/failalloc.h"
 #include "allocators/stdalloc.h"
-#include "allocators/win32_crtdbg.h"
-
-git_allocator git__allocator;
+#include "allocators/win32_leakcheck.h"
+
+/* Fail any allocation until git_libgit2_init is called. */
+git_allocator git__allocator = {
+	git_failalloc_malloc,
+	git_failalloc_calloc,
+	git_failalloc_strdup,
+	git_failalloc_strndup,
+	git_failalloc_substrdup,
+	git_failalloc_realloc,
+	git_failalloc_reallocarray,
+	git_failalloc_mallocarray,
+	git_failalloc_free
+};
 
 static int setup_default_allocator(void)
 {
-#if defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
-	return git_win32_crtdbg_init_allocator(&git__allocator);
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK)
+	return git_win32_leakcheck_init_allocator(&git__allocator);
 #else
 	return git_stdalloc_init_allocator(&git__allocator);
 #endif
@@ -24,10 +37,10 @@ static int setup_default_allocator(void)
 int git_allocator_global_init(void)
 {
 	/*
-	 * We don't want to overwrite any allocator which has been set before
-	 * the init function is called.
+	 * We don't want to overwrite any allocator which has been set
+	 * before the init function is called.
 	 */
-	if (git__allocator.gmalloc != NULL)
+	if (git__allocator.gmalloc != git_failalloc_malloc)
 		return 0;
 
 	return setup_default_allocator();
diff --git a/src/allocators/failalloc.c b/src/allocators/failalloc.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5257d1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/allocators/failalloc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include "failalloc.h"
+
+void *git_failalloc_malloc(size_t len, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(len);
+	GIT_UNUSED(file);
+	GIT_UNUSED(line);
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void *git_failalloc_calloc(size_t nelem, size_t elsize, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(nelem);
+	GIT_UNUSED(elsize);
+	GIT_UNUSED(file);
+	GIT_UNUSED(line);
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+char *git_failalloc_strdup(const char *str, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(str);
+	GIT_UNUSED(file);
+	GIT_UNUSED(line);
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+char *git_failalloc_strndup(const char *str, size_t n, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(str);
+	GIT_UNUSED(n);
+	GIT_UNUSED(file);
+	GIT_UNUSED(line);
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+char *git_failalloc_substrdup(const char *start, size_t n, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(start);
+	GIT_UNUSED(n);
+	GIT_UNUSED(file);
+	GIT_UNUSED(line);
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void *git_failalloc_realloc(void *ptr, size_t size, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(ptr);
+	GIT_UNUSED(size);
+	GIT_UNUSED(file);
+	GIT_UNUSED(line);
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void *git_failalloc_reallocarray(void *ptr, size_t nelem, size_t elsize, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(ptr);
+	GIT_UNUSED(nelem);
+	GIT_UNUSED(elsize);
+	GIT_UNUSED(file);
+	GIT_UNUSED(line);
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void *git_failalloc_mallocarray(size_t nelem, size_t elsize, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(nelem);
+	GIT_UNUSED(elsize);
+	GIT_UNUSED(file);
+	GIT_UNUSED(line);
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void git_failalloc_free(void *ptr)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(ptr);
+}
diff --git a/src/allocators/failalloc.h b/src/allocators/failalloc.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6115e51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/allocators/failalloc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#ifndef INCLUDE_allocators_failalloc_h__
+#define INCLUDE_allocators_failalloc_h__
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+extern void *git_failalloc_malloc(size_t len, const char *file, int line);
+extern void *git_failalloc_calloc(size_t nelem, size_t elsize, const char *file, int line);
+extern char *git_failalloc_strdup(const char *str, const char *file, int line);
+extern char *git_failalloc_strndup(const char *str, size_t n, const char *file, int line);
+extern char *git_failalloc_substrdup(const char *start, size_t n, const char *file, int line);
+extern void *git_failalloc_realloc(void *ptr, size_t size, const char *file, int line);
+extern void *git_failalloc_reallocarray(void *ptr, size_t nelem, size_t elsize, const char *file, int line);
+extern void *git_failalloc_mallocarray(size_t nelem, size_t elsize, const char *file, int line);
+extern void git_failalloc_free(void *ptr);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/allocators/stdalloc.c b/src/allocators/stdalloc.c
index c4938e3..2b36d9f 100644
--- a/src/allocators/stdalloc.c
+++ b/src/allocators/stdalloc.c
@@ -9,34 +9,56 @@
 
 static void *stdalloc__malloc(size_t len, const char *file, int line)
 {
-	void *ptr = malloc(len);
+	void *ptr;
 
 	GIT_UNUSED(file);
 	GIT_UNUSED(line);
 
-	if (!ptr) git_error_set_oom();
+#ifdef GIT_DEBUG_STRICT_ALLOC
+	if (!len)
+		return NULL;
+#endif
+
+	ptr = malloc(len);
+
+	if (!ptr)
+		git_error_set_oom();
+
 	return ptr;
 }
 
 static void *stdalloc__calloc(size_t nelem, size_t elsize, const char *file, int line)
 {
-	void *ptr = calloc(nelem, elsize);
+	void *ptr;
 
 	GIT_UNUSED(file);
 	GIT_UNUSED(line);
 
-	if (!ptr) git_error_set_oom();
+#ifdef GIT_DEBUG_STRICT_ALLOC
+	if (!elsize || !nelem)
+		return NULL;
+#endif
+
+	ptr = calloc(nelem, elsize);
+
+	if (!ptr)
+		git_error_set_oom();
+
 	return ptr;
 }
 
 static char *stdalloc__strdup(const char *str, const char *file, int line)
 {
-	char *ptr = strdup(str);
+	char *ptr;
 
 	GIT_UNUSED(file);
 	GIT_UNUSED(line);
 
-	if (!ptr) git_error_set_oom();
+	ptr = strdup(str);
+
+	if (!ptr)
+		git_error_set_oom();
+
 	return ptr;
 }
 
@@ -48,7 +70,7 @@ static char *stdalloc__strndup(const char *str, size_t n, const char *file, int 
 	length = p_strnlen(str, n);
 
 	if (GIT_ADD_SIZET_OVERFLOW(&alloclength, length, 1) ||
-		!(ptr = stdalloc__malloc(alloclength, file, line)))
+	    !(ptr = stdalloc__malloc(alloclength, file, line)))
 		return NULL;
 
 	if (length)
@@ -65,7 +87,7 @@ static char *stdalloc__substrdup(const char *start, size_t n, const char *file, 
 	size_t alloclen;
 
 	if (GIT_ADD_SIZET_OVERFLOW(&alloclen, n, 1) ||
-		!(ptr = stdalloc__malloc(alloclen, file, line)))
+	    !(ptr = stdalloc__malloc(alloclen, file, line)))
 		return NULL;
 
 	memcpy(ptr, start, n);
@@ -75,12 +97,21 @@ static char *stdalloc__substrdup(const char *start, size_t n, const char *file, 
 
 static void *stdalloc__realloc(void *ptr, size_t size, const char *file, int line)
 {
-	void *new_ptr = realloc(ptr, size);
+	void *new_ptr;
 
 	GIT_UNUSED(file);
 	GIT_UNUSED(line);
 
-	if (!new_ptr) git_error_set_oom();
+#ifdef GIT_DEBUG_STRICT_ALLOC
+	if (!size)
+		return NULL;
+#endif
+
+	new_ptr = realloc(ptr, size);
+
+	if (!new_ptr)
+		git_error_set_oom();
+
 	return new_ptr;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/allocators/win32_crtdbg.c b/src/allocators/win32_crtdbg.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 1187e2f..0000000
--- a/src/allocators/win32_crtdbg.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,118 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-
-#include "win32_crtdbg.h"
-
-#if defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
-
-#include "win32/w32_crtdbg_stacktrace.h"
-
-static void *crtdbg__malloc(size_t len, const char *file, int line)
-{
-	void *ptr = _malloc_dbg(len, _NORMAL_BLOCK, git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace(1,file), line);
-	if (!ptr) git_error_set_oom();
-	return ptr;
-}
-
-static void *crtdbg__calloc(size_t nelem, size_t elsize, const char *file, int line)
-{
-	void *ptr = _calloc_dbg(nelem, elsize, _NORMAL_BLOCK, git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace(1,file), line);
-	if (!ptr) git_error_set_oom();
-	return ptr;
-}
-
-static char *crtdbg__strdup(const char *str, const char *file, int line)
-{
-	char *ptr = _strdup_dbg(str, _NORMAL_BLOCK, git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace(1,file), line);
-	if (!ptr) git_error_set_oom();
-	return ptr;
-}
-
-static char *crtdbg__strndup(const char *str, size_t n, const char *file, int line)
-{
-	size_t length = 0, alloclength;
-	char *ptr;
-
-	length = p_strnlen(str, n);
-
-	if (GIT_ADD_SIZET_OVERFLOW(&alloclength, length, 1) ||
-		!(ptr = crtdbg__malloc(alloclength, file, line)))
-		return NULL;
-
-	if (length)
-		memcpy(ptr, str, length);
-
-	ptr[length] = '\0';
-
-	return ptr;
-}
-
-static char *crtdbg__substrdup(const char *start, size_t n, const char *file, int line)
-{
-	char *ptr;
-	size_t alloclen;
-
-	if (GIT_ADD_SIZET_OVERFLOW(&alloclen, n, 1) ||
-		!(ptr = crtdbg__malloc(alloclen, file, line)))
-		return NULL;
-
-	memcpy(ptr, start, n);
-	ptr[n] = '\0';
-	return ptr;
-}
-
-static void *crtdbg__realloc(void *ptr, size_t size, const char *file, int line)
-{
-	void *new_ptr = _realloc_dbg(ptr, size, _NORMAL_BLOCK, git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace(1,file), line);
-	if (!new_ptr) git_error_set_oom();
-	return new_ptr;
-}
-
-static void *crtdbg__reallocarray(void *ptr, size_t nelem, size_t elsize, const char *file, int line)
-{
-	size_t newsize;
-
-	if (GIT_MULTIPLY_SIZET_OVERFLOW(&newsize, nelem, elsize))
-		return NULL;
-
-	return crtdbg__realloc(ptr, newsize, file, line);
-}
-
-static void *crtdbg__mallocarray(size_t nelem, size_t elsize, const char *file, int line)
-{
-	return crtdbg__reallocarray(NULL, nelem, elsize, file, line);
-}
-
-static void crtdbg__free(void *ptr)
-{
-	free(ptr);
-}
-
-int git_win32_crtdbg_init_allocator(git_allocator *allocator)
-{
-	allocator->gmalloc = crtdbg__malloc;
-	allocator->gcalloc = crtdbg__calloc;
-	allocator->gstrdup = crtdbg__strdup;
-	allocator->gstrndup = crtdbg__strndup;
-	allocator->gsubstrdup = crtdbg__substrdup;
-	allocator->grealloc = crtdbg__realloc;
-	allocator->greallocarray = crtdbg__reallocarray;
-	allocator->gmallocarray = crtdbg__mallocarray;
-	allocator->gfree = crtdbg__free;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-#else
-
-int git_win32_crtdbg_init_allocator(git_allocator *allocator)
-{
-	GIT_UNUSED(allocator);
-	git_error_set(GIT_EINVALID, "crtdbg memory allocator not available");
-	return -1;
-}
-
-#endif
diff --git a/src/allocators/win32_crtdbg.h b/src/allocators/win32_crtdbg.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 754c6b6..0000000
--- a/src/allocators/win32_crtdbg.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-
-#ifndef INCLUDE_allocators_crtdbg_h
-#define INCLUDE_allocators_crtdbg_h
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include "alloc.h"
-
-int git_win32_crtdbg_init_allocator(git_allocator *allocator);
-
-#endif
diff --git a/src/allocators/win32_leakcheck.c b/src/allocators/win32_leakcheck.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe06a14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/allocators/win32_leakcheck.c
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include "win32_leakcheck.h"
+
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK)
+
+#include "win32/w32_leakcheck.h"
+
+static void *leakcheck_malloc(size_t len, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	void *ptr = _malloc_dbg(len, _NORMAL_BLOCK, git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace(1,file), line);
+	if (!ptr) git_error_set_oom();
+	return ptr;
+}
+
+static void *leakcheck_calloc(size_t nelem, size_t elsize, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	void *ptr = _calloc_dbg(nelem, elsize, _NORMAL_BLOCK, git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace(1,file), line);
+	if (!ptr) git_error_set_oom();
+	return ptr;
+}
+
+static char *leakcheck_strdup(const char *str, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	char *ptr = _strdup_dbg(str, _NORMAL_BLOCK, git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace(1,file), line);
+	if (!ptr) git_error_set_oom();
+	return ptr;
+}
+
+static char *leakcheck_strndup(const char *str, size_t n, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	size_t length = 0, alloclength;
+	char *ptr;
+
+	length = p_strnlen(str, n);
+
+	if (GIT_ADD_SIZET_OVERFLOW(&alloclength, length, 1) ||
+		!(ptr = leakcheck_malloc(alloclength, file, line)))
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (length)
+		memcpy(ptr, str, length);
+
+	ptr[length] = '\0';
+
+	return ptr;
+}
+
+static char *leakcheck_substrdup(const char *start, size_t n, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	char *ptr;
+	size_t alloclen;
+
+	if (GIT_ADD_SIZET_OVERFLOW(&alloclen, n, 1) ||
+		!(ptr = leakcheck_malloc(alloclen, file, line)))
+		return NULL;
+
+	memcpy(ptr, start, n);
+	ptr[n] = '\0';
+	return ptr;
+}
+
+static void *leakcheck_realloc(void *ptr, size_t size, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	void *new_ptr = _realloc_dbg(ptr, size, _NORMAL_BLOCK, git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace(1,file), line);
+	if (!new_ptr) git_error_set_oom();
+	return new_ptr;
+}
+
+static void *leakcheck_reallocarray(void *ptr, size_t nelem, size_t elsize, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	size_t newsize;
+
+	if (GIT_MULTIPLY_SIZET_OVERFLOW(&newsize, nelem, elsize))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return leakcheck_realloc(ptr, newsize, file, line);
+}
+
+static void *leakcheck_mallocarray(size_t nelem, size_t elsize, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	return leakcheck_reallocarray(NULL, nelem, elsize, file, line);
+}
+
+static void leakcheck_free(void *ptr)
+{
+	free(ptr);
+}
+
+int git_win32_leakcheck_init_allocator(git_allocator *allocator)
+{
+	allocator->gmalloc = leakcheck_malloc;
+	allocator->gcalloc = leakcheck_calloc;
+	allocator->gstrdup = leakcheck_strdup;
+	allocator->gstrndup = leakcheck_strndup;
+	allocator->gsubstrdup = leakcheck_substrdup;
+	allocator->grealloc = leakcheck_realloc;
+	allocator->greallocarray = leakcheck_reallocarray;
+	allocator->gmallocarray = leakcheck_mallocarray;
+	allocator->gfree = leakcheck_free;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#else
+
+int git_win32_leakcheck_init_allocator(git_allocator *allocator)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(allocator);
+	git_error_set(GIT_EINVALID, "leakcheck memory allocator not available");
+	return -1;
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/allocators/win32_leakcheck.h b/src/allocators/win32_leakcheck.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..089690f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/allocators/win32_leakcheck.h
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#ifndef INCLUDE_allocators_win32_leakcheck_h
+#define INCLUDE_allocators_win32_leakcheck_h
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+#include "alloc.h"
+
+int git_win32_leakcheck_init_allocator(git_allocator *allocator);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/annotated_commit.c b/src/annotated_commit.c
index 5d4f370..e489476 100644
--- a/src/annotated_commit.c
+++ b/src/annotated_commit.c
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ static int annotated_commit_init(
 	git_annotated_commit *annotated_commit;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(commit);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -63,7 +64,9 @@ static int annotated_commit_init_from_id(
 	git_commit *commit = NULL;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && repo && id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -100,7 +103,9 @@ int git_annotated_commit_from_revspec(
 	git_object *obj, *commit;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && repo && revspec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(revspec);
 
 	if ((error = git_revparse_single(&obj, repo, revspec)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -126,7 +131,9 @@ int git_annotated_commit_from_ref(
 	git_object *peeled;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && repo && ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -154,11 +161,12 @@ int git_annotated_commit_from_head(
 	git_reference *head;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
-    if ((error = git_reference_lookup(&head, repo, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_reference_lookup(&head, repo, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	error = git_annotated_commit_from_ref(out, repo, head);
@@ -174,7 +182,11 @@ int git_annotated_commit_from_fetchhead(
 	const char *remote_url,
 	const git_oid *id)
 {
-	assert(repo && id && branch_name && remote_url);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(branch_name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote_url);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
 
 	if (annotated_commit_init_from_id(out, repo, id, branch_name) < 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -192,14 +204,14 @@ int git_annotated_commit_from_fetchhead(
 const git_oid *git_annotated_commit_id(
 	const git_annotated_commit *annotated_commit)
 {
-	assert(annotated_commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(annotated_commit, NULL);
 	return git_commit_id(annotated_commit->commit);
 }
 
 const char *git_annotated_commit_ref(
 	const git_annotated_commit *annotated_commit)
 {
-	assert(annotated_commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(annotated_commit, NULL);
 	return annotated_commit->ref_name;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/apply.c b/src/apply.c
index fc60e14..7c65cd7 100644
--- a/src/apply.c
+++ b/src/apply.c
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@
  * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
  */
 
-#include "apply.h"
-
 #include "git2/apply.h"
 #include "git2/patch.h"
 #include "git2/filter.h"
@@ -21,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "zstream.h"
 #include "reader.h"
 #include "index.h"
+#include "apply.h"
 
 typedef struct {
 	/* The lines that we allocate ourself are allocated out of the pool.
@@ -63,7 +62,11 @@ static int patch_image_init_fromstr(
 
 	memset(out, 0x0, sizeof(patch_image));
 
-	git_pool_init(&out->pool, sizeof(git_diff_line));
+	if (git_pool_init(&out->pool, sizeof(git_diff_line)) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (!in_len)
+		return 0;
 
 	for (start = in; start < in + in_len; start = end) {
 		end = memchr(start, '\n', in_len - (start - in));
@@ -395,7 +398,11 @@ int git_apply__patch(
 	unsigned int mode = 0;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(contents_out && filename_out && mode_out && (source || !source_len) && patch);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(contents_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(filename_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(mode_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(source || !source_len);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(patch);
 
 	if (given_opts)
 		memcpy(&ctx.opts, given_opts, sizeof(git_apply_options));
@@ -620,7 +627,10 @@ int git_apply_to_tree(
 	size_t i;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && repo && preimage && diff);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(preimage);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -768,6 +778,8 @@ done:
 
 int git_apply_options_init(git_apply_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(opts);
+
 	GIT_INIT_STRUCTURE_FROM_TEMPLATE(
 		opts, version, git_apply_options, GIT_APPLY_OPTIONS_INIT);
 	return 0;
@@ -801,7 +813,8 @@ int git_apply(
 	git_apply_options opts = GIT_APPLY_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	int error = GIT_EINVALID;
 
-	assert(repo && diff);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff);
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(
 		given_opts, GIT_APPLY_OPTIONS_VERSION, "git_apply_options");
@@ -825,7 +838,7 @@ int git_apply(
 		error = git_reader_for_workdir(&pre_reader, repo, false);
 		break;
 	default:
-		assert(false);
+		GIT_ASSERT(false);
 	}
 
 	if (error < 0)
@@ -865,7 +878,7 @@ int git_apply(
 		error = git_apply__to_workdir(repo, diff, preimage, postimage, location, &opts);
 		break;
 	default:
-		assert(false);
+		GIT_ASSERT(false);
 	}
 
 	if (error < 0)
diff --git a/src/array.h b/src/array.h
index 03537e7..e97688b 100644
--- a/src/array.h
+++ b/src/array.h
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@
 
 typedef git_array_t(char) git_array_generic_t;
 
-/* use a generic array for growth so this can return the new item */
-GIT_INLINE(void *) git_array_grow(void *_a, size_t item_size)
+/* use a generic array for growth, return 0 on success */
+GIT_INLINE(int) git_array_grow(void *_a, size_t item_size)
 {
 	volatile git_array_generic_t *a = _a;
 	size_t new_size;
@@ -59,24 +59,24 @@ GIT_INLINE(void *) git_array_grow(void *_a, size_t item_size)
 	if ((new_array = git__reallocarray(a->ptr, new_size, item_size)) == NULL)
 		goto on_oom;
 
-	a->ptr = new_array; a->asize = new_size; a->size++;
-	return a->ptr + (a->size - 1) * item_size;
+	a->ptr = new_array;
+	a->asize = new_size;
+	return 0;
 
 on_oom:
 	git_array_clear(*a);
-	return NULL;
+	return -1;
 }
 
 #define git_array_alloc(a) \
-	(((a).size >= (a).asize) ? \
-	git_array_grow(&(a), sizeof(*(a).ptr)) : \
-	((a).ptr ? &(a).ptr[(a).size++] : NULL))
+	(((a).size < (a).asize || git_array_grow(&(a), sizeof(*(a).ptr)) == 0) ? \
+	&(a).ptr[(a).size++] : (void *)NULL)
 
-#define git_array_last(a) ((a).size ? &(a).ptr[(a).size - 1] : NULL)
+#define git_array_last(a) ((a).size ? &(a).ptr[(a).size - 1] : (void *)NULL)
 
-#define git_array_pop(a) ((a).size ? &(a).ptr[--(a).size] : NULL)
+#define git_array_pop(a) ((a).size ? &(a).ptr[--(a).size] : (void *)NULL)
 
-#define git_array_get(a, i) (((i) < (a).size) ? &(a).ptr[(i)] : NULL)
+#define git_array_get(a, i) (((i) < (a).size) ? &(a).ptr[(i)] : (void *)NULL)
 
 #define git_array_size(a) (a).size
 
diff --git a/src/assert_safe.h b/src/assert_safe.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8c26110
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/assert_safe.h
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+#ifndef INCLUDE_assert_safe_h__
+#define INCLUDE_assert_safe_h__
+
+/*
+ * In a debug build, we'll assert(3) for aide in debugging.  In release
+ * builds, we will provide macros that will set an error message that
+ * indicate a failure and return.  Note that memory leaks can occur in
+ * a release-mode assertion failure -- it is impractical to provide
+ * safe clean up routines in these very extreme failures, but care
+ * should be taken to not leak very large objects.
+ */
+
+#if (defined(_DEBUG) || defined(GIT_ASSERT_HARD)) && GIT_ASSERT_HARD != 0
+# include <assert.h>
+
+# define GIT_ASSERT(expr) assert(expr)
+# define GIT_ASSERT_ARG(expr) assert(expr)
+
+# define GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL(expr, fail) assert(expr)
+# define GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(expr, fail) assert(expr)
+#else
+
+/** Internal consistency check to stop the function. */
+# define GIT_ASSERT(expr) GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL(expr, -1)
+
+/**
+ * Assert that a consumer-provided argument is valid, setting an
+ * actionable error message and returning -1 if it is not.
+ */
+# define GIT_ASSERT_ARG(expr) GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(expr, -1)
+
+/** Internal consistency check to return the `fail` param on failure. */
+# define GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL(expr, fail) \
+	GIT_ASSERT__WITH_RETVAL(expr, GIT_ERROR_INTERNAL, "unrecoverable internal error", fail)
+
+/**
+ * Assert that a consumer-provided argument is valid, setting an
+ * actionable error message and returning the `fail` param if not.
+ */
+# define GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(expr, fail) \
+	GIT_ASSERT__WITH_RETVAL(expr, GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "invalid argument", fail)
+
+# define GIT_ASSERT__WITH_RETVAL(expr, code, msg, fail) do { \
+		if (!(expr)) { \
+			git_error_set(code, "%s: '%s'", msg, #expr); \
+			return fail; \
+		} \
+	} while(0)
+
+#endif /* GIT_ASSERT_HARD */
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/attr.c b/src/attr.c
index bd517cd..03b720c 100644
--- a/src/attr.c
+++ b/src/attr.c
@@ -36,16 +36,16 @@ git_attr_value_t git_attr_value(const char *attr)
 static int collect_attr_files(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_attr_session *attr_session,
-	uint32_t flags,
+	git_attr_options *opts,
 	const char *path,
 	git_vector *files);
 
 static void release_attr_files(git_vector *files);
 
-int git_attr_get(
+int git_attr_get_ext(
 	const char **value,
 	git_repository *repo,
-	uint32_t flags,
+	git_attr_options *opts,
 	const char *pathname,
 	const char *name)
 {
@@ -58,17 +58,20 @@ int git_attr_get(
 	git_attr_rule *rule;
 	git_dir_flag dir_flag = GIT_DIR_FLAG_UNKNOWN;
 
-	assert(value && repo && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(value);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
+	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(opts, GIT_ATTR_OPTIONS_VERSION, "git_attr_options");
 
 	*value = NULL;
 
 	if (git_repository_is_bare(repo))
 		dir_flag = GIT_DIR_FLAG_FALSE;
 
-	if (git_attr_path__init(&path, pathname, git_repository_workdir(repo), dir_flag) < 0)
+	if (git_attr_path__init(&path, repo, pathname, git_repository_workdir(repo), dir_flag) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	if ((error = collect_attr_files(repo, NULL, flags, pathname, &files)) < 0)
+	if ((error = collect_attr_files(repo, NULL, opts, pathname, &files)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
@@ -95,6 +98,20 @@ cleanup:
 	return error;
 }
 
+int git_attr_get(
+	const char **value,
+	git_repository *repo,
+	uint32_t flags,
+	const char *pathname,
+	const char *name)
+{
+	git_attr_options opts = GIT_ATTR_OPTIONS_INIT;
+
+	opts.flags = flags;
+
+	return git_attr_get_ext(value, repo, &opts, pathname, name);
+}
+
 
 typedef struct {
 	git_attr_name name;
@@ -105,7 +122,7 @@ int git_attr_get_many_with_session(
 	const char **values,
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_attr_session *attr_session,
-	uint32_t flags,
+	git_attr_options *opts,
 	const char *pathname,
 	size_t num_attr,
 	const char **names)
@@ -123,15 +140,19 @@ int git_attr_get_many_with_session(
 	if (!num_attr)
 		return 0;
 
-	assert(values && repo && names);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(values);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(pathname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(names);
+	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(opts, GIT_ATTR_OPTIONS_VERSION, "git_attr_options");
 
 	if (git_repository_is_bare(repo))
 		dir_flag = GIT_DIR_FLAG_FALSE;
 
-	if (git_attr_path__init(&path, pathname, git_repository_workdir(repo), dir_flag) < 0)
+	if (git_attr_path__init(&path, repo, pathname, git_repository_workdir(repo), dir_flag) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	if ((error = collect_attr_files(repo, attr_session, flags, pathname, &files)) < 0)
+	if ((error = collect_attr_files(repo, attr_session, opts, pathname, &files)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	info = git__calloc(num_attr, sizeof(attr_get_many_info));
@@ -185,8 +206,24 @@ int git_attr_get_many(
 	size_t num_attr,
 	const char **names)
 {
+	git_attr_options opts = GIT_ATTR_OPTIONS_INIT;
+
+	opts.flags = flags;
+
+	return git_attr_get_many_with_session(
+		values, repo, NULL, &opts, pathname, num_attr, names);
+}
+
+int git_attr_get_many_ext(
+	const char **values,
+	git_repository *repo,
+	git_attr_options *opts,
+	const char *pathname,
+	size_t num_attr,
+	const char **names)
+{
 	return git_attr_get_many_with_session(
-		values, repo, NULL, flags, pathname, num_attr, names);
+		values, repo, NULL, opts, pathname, num_attr, names);
 }
 
 int git_attr_foreach(
@@ -196,6 +233,20 @@ int git_attr_foreach(
 	int (*callback)(const char *name, const char *value, void *payload),
 	void *payload)
 {
+	git_attr_options opts = GIT_ATTR_OPTIONS_INIT;
+
+	opts.flags = flags;
+
+	return git_attr_foreach_ext(repo, &opts, pathname, callback, payload);
+}
+
+int git_attr_foreach_ext(
+	git_repository *repo,
+	git_attr_options *opts,
+	const char *pathname,
+	int (*callback)(const char *name, const char *value, void *payload),
+	void *payload)
+{
 	int error;
 	git_attr_path path;
 	git_vector files = GIT_VECTOR_INIT;
@@ -206,15 +257,17 @@ int git_attr_foreach(
 	git_strmap *seen = NULL;
 	git_dir_flag dir_flag = GIT_DIR_FLAG_UNKNOWN;
 
-	assert(repo && callback);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(callback);
+	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(opts, GIT_ATTR_OPTIONS_VERSION, "git_attr_options");
 
 	if (git_repository_is_bare(repo))
 		dir_flag = GIT_DIR_FLAG_FALSE;
 
-	if (git_attr_path__init(&path, pathname, git_repository_workdir(repo), dir_flag) < 0)
+	if (git_attr_path__init(&path, repo, pathname, git_repository_workdir(repo), dir_flag) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	if ((error = collect_attr_files(repo, NULL, flags, pathname, &files)) < 0 ||
+	if ((error = collect_attr_files(repo, NULL, opts, pathname, &files)) < 0 ||
 	    (error = git_strmap_new(&seen)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
@@ -247,26 +300,43 @@ cleanup:
 	return error;
 }
 
-static int preload_attr_file(
+static int preload_attr_source(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_attr_session *attr_session,
-	git_attr_file_source source,
-	const char *base,
-	const char *file,
-	bool allow_macros)
+	git_attr_file_source *source)
 {
 	int error;
 	git_attr_file *preload = NULL;
 
-	if (!file)
+	if (!source)
 		return 0;
-	if (!(error = git_attr_cache__get(&preload, repo, attr_session, source, base, file,
-					  git_attr_file__parse_buffer, allow_macros)))
+
+	error = git_attr_cache__get(&preload, repo, attr_session, source,
+	                            git_attr_file__parse_buffer, true);
+
+	if (!error)
 		git_attr_file__free(preload);
 
 	return error;
 }
 
+GIT_INLINE(int) preload_attr_file(
+	git_repository *repo,
+	git_attr_session *attr_session,
+	const char *base,
+	const char *filename)
+{
+	git_attr_file_source source = { GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE };
+
+	if (!filename)
+		return 0;
+
+	source.base = base;
+	source.filename = filename;
+
+	return preload_attr_source(repo, attr_session, &source);
+}
+
 static int system_attr_file(
 	git_buf *out,
 	git_attr_session *attr_session)
@@ -308,9 +378,12 @@ static int system_attr_file(
 static int attr_setup(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_attr_session *attr_session,
-	uint32_t flags)
+	git_attr_options *opts)
 {
-	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_buf system = GIT_BUF_INIT, info = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_attr_file_source index_source = { GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_INDEX, NULL, GIT_ATTR_FILE, NULL };
+	git_attr_file_source head_source = { GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_COMMIT, NULL, GIT_ATTR_FILE, NULL };
+	git_attr_file_source commit_source = { GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_COMMIT, NULL, GIT_ATTR_FILE, NULL };
 	git_index *idx = NULL;
 	const char *workdir;
 	int error = 0;
@@ -326,45 +399,51 @@ static int attr_setup(
 	 * definitions will be available for later file parsing.
 	 */
 
-	if ((error = system_attr_file(&path, attr_session)) < 0 ||
-	    (error = preload_attr_file(repo, attr_session, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE,
-				       NULL, path.ptr, true)) < 0) {
+	if ((error = system_attr_file(&system, attr_session)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = preload_attr_file(repo, attr_session, NULL, system.ptr)) < 0) {
 		if (error != GIT_ENOTFOUND)
 			goto out;
+
+		error = 0;
 	}
 
-	if ((error = preload_attr_file(repo, attr_session, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE,
-				       NULL, git_repository_attr_cache(repo)->cfg_attr_file, true)) < 0)
+	if ((error = preload_attr_file(repo, attr_session, NULL,
+	                               git_repository_attr_cache(repo)->cfg_attr_file)) < 0)
 		goto out;
 
-	git_buf_clear(&path); /* git_repository_item_path expects an empty buffer, because it uses git_buf_set */
-	if ((error = git_repository_item_path(&path, repo, GIT_REPOSITORY_ITEM_INFO)) < 0 ||
-	    (error = preload_attr_file(repo, attr_session, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE,
-				       path.ptr, GIT_ATTR_FILE_INREPO, true)) < 0) {
+	if ((error = git_repository_item_path(&info, repo, GIT_REPOSITORY_ITEM_INFO)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = preload_attr_file(repo, attr_session, info.ptr, GIT_ATTR_FILE_INREPO)) < 0) {
 		if (error != GIT_ENOTFOUND)
 			goto out;
+
+		error = 0;
 	}
 
 	if ((workdir = git_repository_workdir(repo)) != NULL &&
-	    (error = preload_attr_file(repo, attr_session, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE,
-				       workdir, GIT_ATTR_FILE, true)) < 0)
+	    (error = preload_attr_file(repo, attr_session, workdir, GIT_ATTR_FILE)) < 0)
 			goto out;
 
 	if ((error = git_repository_index__weakptr(&idx, repo)) < 0 ||
-	    (error = preload_attr_file(repo, attr_session, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_INDEX,
-				       NULL, GIT_ATTR_FILE, true)) < 0)
+	    (error = preload_attr_source(repo, attr_session, &index_source)) < 0)
 			goto out;
 
-	if ((flags & GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_HEAD) != 0 &&
-	    (error = preload_attr_file(repo, attr_session, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_HEAD,
-				       NULL, GIT_ATTR_FILE, true)) < 0)
+	if ((opts && (opts->flags & GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_HEAD) != 0) &&
+	    (error = preload_attr_source(repo, attr_session, &head_source)) < 0)
 		goto out;
 
+	if ((opts && (opts->flags & GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_COMMIT) != 0)) {
+		commit_source.commit_id = opts->commit_id;
+
+		if ((error = preload_attr_source(repo, attr_session, &commit_source)) < 0)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
 	if (attr_session)
 		attr_session->init_setup = 1;
 
 out:
-	git_buf_dispose(&path);
+	git_buf_dispose(&system);
+	git_buf_dispose(&info);
 
 	return error;
 }
@@ -378,6 +457,9 @@ int git_attr_add_macro(
 	git_attr_rule *macro = NULL;
 	git_pool *pool;
 
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
+
 	if ((error = git_attr_cache__init(repo)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
@@ -406,56 +488,60 @@ int git_attr_add_macro(
 typedef struct {
 	git_repository *repo;
 	git_attr_session *attr_session;
-	uint32_t flags;
+	git_attr_options *opts;
 	const char *workdir;
 	git_index *index;
 	git_vector *files;
 } attr_walk_up_info;
 
 static int attr_decide_sources(
-	uint32_t flags, bool has_wd, bool has_index, git_attr_file_source *srcs)
+	uint32_t flags,
+	bool has_wd,
+	bool has_index,
+	git_attr_file_source_t *srcs)
 {
 	int count = 0;
 
 	switch (flags & 0x03) {
 	case GIT_ATTR_CHECK_FILE_THEN_INDEX:
 		if (has_wd)
-			srcs[count++] = GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE;
+			srcs[count++] = GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE;
 		if (has_index)
-			srcs[count++] = GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_INDEX;
+			srcs[count++] = GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_INDEX;
 		break;
 	case GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INDEX_THEN_FILE:
 		if (has_index)
-			srcs[count++] = GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_INDEX;
+			srcs[count++] = GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_INDEX;
 		if (has_wd)
-			srcs[count++] = GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE;
+			srcs[count++] = GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE;
 		break;
 	case GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INDEX_ONLY:
 		if (has_index)
-			srcs[count++] = GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_INDEX;
+			srcs[count++] = GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_INDEX;
 		break;
 	}
 
-	if ((flags & GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_HEAD) != 0)
-		srcs[count++] = GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_HEAD;
+	if ((flags & GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_HEAD) != 0 ||
+	    (flags & GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_COMMIT) != 0)
+		srcs[count++] = GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_COMMIT;
 
 	return count;
 }
 
-static int push_attr_file(
+static int push_attr_source(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_attr_session *attr_session,
 	git_vector *list,
-	git_attr_file_source source,
-	const char *base,
-	const char *filename,
+	git_attr_file_source *source,
 	bool allow_macros)
 {
 	int error = 0;
 	git_attr_file *file = NULL;
 
 	error = git_attr_cache__get(&file, repo, attr_session,
-		source, base, filename, git_attr_file__parse_buffer, allow_macros);
+	                            source,
+	                            git_attr_file__parse_buffer,
+	                            allow_macros);
 
 	if (error < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -468,20 +554,40 @@ static int push_attr_file(
 	return error;
 }
 
+GIT_INLINE(int) push_attr_file(
+	git_repository *repo,
+	git_attr_session *attr_session,
+	git_vector *list,
+	const char *base,
+	const char *filename)
+{
+	git_attr_file_source source = { GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE, base, filename };
+	return push_attr_source(repo, attr_session, list, &source, true);
+}
+
 static int push_one_attr(void *ref, const char *path)
 {
 	attr_walk_up_info *info = (attr_walk_up_info *)ref;
-	git_attr_file_source src[GIT_ATTR_FILE_NUM_SOURCES];
+	git_attr_file_source_t src[GIT_ATTR_FILE_NUM_SOURCES];
 	int error = 0, n_src, i;
 	bool allow_macros;
 
-	n_src = attr_decide_sources(
-		info->flags, info->workdir != NULL, info->index != NULL, src);
+	n_src = attr_decide_sources(info->opts ? info->opts->flags : 0,
+	                            info->workdir != NULL,
+	                            info->index != NULL,
+	                            src);
+
 	allow_macros = info->workdir ? !strcmp(info->workdir, path) : false;
 
-	for (i = 0; !error && i < n_src; ++i)
-		error = push_attr_file(info->repo, info->attr_session, info->files,
-				       src[i], path, GIT_ATTR_FILE, allow_macros);
+	for (i = 0; !error && i < n_src; ++i) {
+		git_attr_file_source source = { src[i], path, GIT_ATTR_FILE };
+
+		if (src[i] == GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_COMMIT && info->opts)
+			source.commit_id = info->opts->commit_id;
+
+		error = push_attr_source(info->repo, info->attr_session, info->files,
+		                       &source, allow_macros);
+	}
 
 	return error;
 }
@@ -501,7 +607,7 @@ static void release_attr_files(git_vector *files)
 static int collect_attr_files(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_attr_session *attr_session,
-	uint32_t flags,
+	git_attr_options *opts,
 	const char *path,
 	git_vector *files)
 {
@@ -510,14 +616,18 @@ static int collect_attr_files(
 	const char *workdir = git_repository_workdir(repo);
 	attr_walk_up_info info = { NULL };
 
-	if ((error = attr_setup(repo, attr_session, flags)) < 0)
+	if ((error = attr_setup(repo, attr_session, opts)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	/* Resolve path in a non-bare repo */
-	if (workdir != NULL)
-		error = git_path_find_dir(&dir, path, workdir);
-	else
+	if (workdir != NULL) {
+		if (!(error = git_repository_workdir_path(&dir, repo, path)))
+			error = git_path_find_dir(&dir);
+	}
+	else {
 		error = git_path_dirname_r(&dir, path);
+	}
+
 	if (error < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
@@ -529,15 +639,14 @@ static int collect_attr_files(
 	 */
 
 	if ((error = git_repository_item_path(&attrfile, repo, GIT_REPOSITORY_ITEM_INFO)) < 0 ||
-	    (error = push_attr_file(repo, attr_session, files, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE,
-				    attrfile.ptr, GIT_ATTR_FILE_INREPO, true)) < 0) {
+	    (error = push_attr_file(repo, attr_session, files, attrfile.ptr, GIT_ATTR_FILE_INREPO)) < 0) {
 		if (error != GIT_ENOTFOUND)
 			goto cleanup;
 	}
 
 	info.repo = repo;
 	info.attr_session = attr_session;
-	info.flags = flags;
+	info.opts = opts;
 	info.workdir = workdir;
 	if (git_repository_index__weakptr(&info.index, repo) < 0)
 		git_error_clear(); /* no error even if there is no index */
@@ -552,18 +661,16 @@ static int collect_attr_files(
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	if (git_repository_attr_cache(repo)->cfg_attr_file != NULL) {
-		error = push_attr_file(repo, attr_session, files, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE,
-				       NULL, git_repository_attr_cache(repo)->cfg_attr_file, true);
+		error = push_attr_file(repo, attr_session, files, NULL, git_repository_attr_cache(repo)->cfg_attr_file);
 		if (error < 0)
 			goto cleanup;
 	}
 
-	if ((flags & GIT_ATTR_CHECK_NO_SYSTEM) == 0) {
+	if (!opts || (opts->flags & GIT_ATTR_CHECK_NO_SYSTEM) == 0) {
 		error = system_attr_file(&dir, attr_session);
 
 		if (!error)
-			error = push_attr_file(repo, attr_session, files, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE,
-					       NULL, dir.ptr, true);
+			error = push_attr_file(repo, attr_session, files, NULL, dir.ptr);
 		else if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND)
 			error = 0;
 	}
diff --git a/src/attr_file.c b/src/attr_file.c
index 82da526..f862738 100644
--- a/src/attr_file.c
+++ b/src/attr_file.c
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 #include "repository.h"
 #include "filebuf.h"
 #include "attrcache.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 #include "git2/blob.h"
 #include "git2/tree.h"
 #include "blob.h"
@@ -34,23 +33,28 @@ static void attr_file_free(git_attr_file *file)
 int git_attr_file__new(
 	git_attr_file **out,
 	git_attr_file_entry *entry,
-	git_attr_file_source source)
+	git_attr_file_source *source)
 {
 	git_attr_file *attrs = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_attr_file));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(attrs);
 
 	if (git_mutex_init(&attrs->lock) < 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to initialize lock");
-		git__free(attrs);
-		return -1;
+		goto on_error;
 	}
 
-	git_pool_init(&attrs->pool, 1);
+	if (git_pool_init(&attrs->pool, 1) < 0)
+		goto on_error;
+
 	GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(attrs);
-	attrs->entry  = entry;
-	attrs->source = source;
+	attrs->entry = entry;
+	memcpy(&attrs->source, source, sizeof(git_attr_file_source));
 	*out = attrs;
 	return 0;
+
+on_error:
+	git__free(attrs);
+	return -1;
 }
 
 int git_attr_file__clear_rules(git_attr_file *file, bool need_lock)
@@ -104,11 +108,12 @@ int git_attr_file__load(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_attr_session *attr_session,
 	git_attr_file_entry *entry,
-	git_attr_file_source source,
+	git_attr_file_source *source,
 	git_attr_file_parser parser,
 	bool allow_macros)
 {
 	int error = 0;
+	git_commit *commit = NULL;
 	git_tree *tree = NULL;
 	git_tree_entry *tree_entry = NULL;
 	git_blob *blob = NULL;
@@ -118,17 +123,17 @@ int git_attr_file__load(
 	struct stat st;
 	bool nonexistent = false;
 	int bom_offset;
-	git_bom_t bom;
+	git_buf_bom_t bom;
 	git_oid id;
 	git_object_size_t blobsize;
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
-	switch (source) {
-	case GIT_ATTR_FILE__IN_MEMORY:
+	switch (source->type) {
+	case GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_MEMORY:
 		/* in-memory attribute file doesn't need data */
 		break;
-	case GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_INDEX: {
+	case GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_INDEX: {
 		if ((error = attr_file_oid_from_index(&id, repo, entry->path)) < 0 ||
 			(error = git_blob_lookup(&blob, repo, &id)) < 0)
 			return error;
@@ -141,7 +146,7 @@ int git_attr_file__load(
 		git_buf_put(&content, git_blob_rawcontent(blob), (size_t)blobsize);
 		break;
 	}
-	case GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE: {
+	case GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE: {
 		int fd = -1;
 
 		/* For open or read errors, pretend that we got ENOTFOUND. */
@@ -158,10 +163,31 @@ int git_attr_file__load(
 
 		break;
 	}
-	case GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_HEAD: {
-		if ((error = git_repository_head_tree(&tree, repo)) < 0 ||
-		    (error = git_tree_entry_bypath(&tree_entry, tree, entry->path)) < 0 ||
-		    (error = git_blob_lookup(&blob, repo, git_tree_entry_id(tree_entry))) < 0)
+	case GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_COMMIT: {
+		if (source->commit_id) {
+			if ((error = git_commit_lookup(&commit, repo, source->commit_id)) < 0 ||
+			    (error = git_commit_tree(&tree, commit)) < 0)
+				goto cleanup;
+		} else {
+			if ((error = git_repository_head_tree(&tree, repo)) < 0)
+				goto cleanup;
+		}
+
+		if ((error = git_tree_entry_bypath(&tree_entry, tree, entry->path)) < 0) {
+			/*
+			 * If the attributes file does not exist, we can
+			 * cache an empty file for this commit to prevent
+			 * needless future lookups.
+			 */
+			if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND) {
+				error = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+
+		if ((error = git_blob_lookup(&blob, repo, git_tree_entry_id(tree_entry))) < 0)
 			goto cleanup;
 
 		/*
@@ -178,7 +204,7 @@ int git_attr_file__load(
 		break;
 	}
 	default:
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "unknown file source %d", source);
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "unknown file source %d", source->type);
 		return -1;
 	}
 
@@ -187,9 +213,9 @@ int git_attr_file__load(
 
 	/* advance over a UTF8 BOM */
 	content_str = git_buf_cstr(&content);
-	bom_offset = git_buf_text_detect_bom(&bom, &content);
+	bom_offset = git_buf_detect_bom(&bom, &content);
 
-	if (bom == GIT_BOM_UTF8)
+	if (bom == GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF8)
 		content_str += bom_offset;
 
 	/* store the key of the attr_reader; don't bother with cache
@@ -206,11 +232,11 @@ int git_attr_file__load(
 	/* write cache breakers */
 	if (nonexistent)
 		file->nonexistent = 1;
-	else if (source == GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_INDEX)
+	else if (source->type == GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_INDEX)
 		git_oid_cpy(&file->cache_data.oid, git_blob_id(blob));
-	else if (source == GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_HEAD)
+	else if (source->type == GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_COMMIT)
 		git_oid_cpy(&file->cache_data.oid, git_tree_id(tree));
-	else if (source == GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE)
+	else if (source->type == GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE)
 		git_futils_filestamp_set_from_stat(&file->cache_data.stamp, &st);
 	/* else always cacheable */
 
@@ -220,6 +246,7 @@ cleanup:
 	git_blob_free(blob);
 	git_tree_entry_free(tree_entry);
 	git_tree_free(tree);
+	git_commit_free(commit);
 	git_buf_dispose(&content);
 
 	return error;
@@ -228,7 +255,8 @@ cleanup:
 int git_attr_file__out_of_date(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_attr_session *attr_session,
-	git_attr_file *file)
+	git_attr_file *file,
+	git_attr_file_source *source)
 {
 	if (!file)
 		return 1;
@@ -241,15 +269,15 @@ int git_attr_file__out_of_date(
 	else if (file->nonexistent)
 		return 1;
 
-	switch (file->source) {
-	case GIT_ATTR_FILE__IN_MEMORY:
+	switch (file->source.type) {
+	case GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_MEMORY:
 		return 0;
 
-	case GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE:
+	case GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE:
 		return git_futils_filestamp_check(
 			&file->cache_data.stamp, file->entry->fullpath);
 
-	case GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_INDEX: {
+	case GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_INDEX: {
 		int error;
 		git_oid id;
 
@@ -260,21 +288,34 @@ int git_attr_file__out_of_date(
 		return (git_oid__cmp(&file->cache_data.oid, &id) != 0);
 	}
 
-	case GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_HEAD: {
-		git_tree *tree;
+	case GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_COMMIT: {
+		git_tree *tree = NULL;
 		int error;
 
-		if ((error = git_repository_head_tree(&tree, repo)) < 0)
+		if (source->commit_id) {
+			git_commit *commit = NULL;
+
+			if ((error = git_commit_lookup(&commit, repo, source->commit_id)) < 0)
+				return error;
+
+			error = git_commit_tree(&tree, commit);
+
+			git_commit_free(commit);
+		} else {
+			error = git_repository_head_tree(&tree, repo);
+		}
+
+		if (error < 0)
 			return error;
 
-		error = git_oid__cmp(&file->cache_data.oid, git_tree_id(tree));
+		error = (git_oid__cmp(&file->cache_data.oid, git_tree_id(tree)) != 0);
 
 		git_tree_free(tree);
 		return error;
 	}
 
 	default:
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "invalid file type %d", file->source);
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "invalid file type %d", file->source.type);
 		return -1;
 	}
 }
@@ -346,7 +387,9 @@ uint32_t git_attr_file__name_hash(const char *name)
 {
 	uint32_t h = 5381;
 	int c;
-	assert(name);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
+
 	while ((c = (int)*name++) != 0)
 		h = ((h << 5) + h) + c;
 	return h;
@@ -383,6 +426,7 @@ int git_attr_file__lookup_one(
 int git_attr_file__load_standalone(git_attr_file **out, const char *path)
 {
 	git_buf content = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_attr_file_source source = { GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE };
 	git_attr_file *file = NULL;
 	int error;
 
@@ -394,9 +438,9 @@ int git_attr_file__load_standalone(git_attr_file **out, const char *path)
 	 * don't have to free it - freeing file+pool will free cache entry, too.
 	 */
 
-	if ((error = git_attr_file__new(&file, NULL, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE)) < 0 ||
+	if ((error = git_attr_file__new(&file, NULL, &source)) < 0 ||
 	    (error = git_attr_file__parse_buffer(NULL, file, content.ptr, true)) < 0 ||
-	    (error = git_attr_cache__alloc_file_entry(&file->entry, NULL, path, &file->pool)) < 0)
+	    (error = git_attr_cache__alloc_file_entry(&file->entry, NULL, NULL, path, &file->pool)) < 0)
 		goto out;
 
 	*out = file;
@@ -496,14 +540,19 @@ git_attr_assignment *git_attr_rule__lookup_assignment(
 }
 
 int git_attr_path__init(
-	git_attr_path *info, const char *path, const char *base, git_dir_flag dir_flag)
+	git_attr_path *info,
+	git_repository *repo,
+	const char *path,
+	const char *base,
+	git_dir_flag dir_flag)
 {
 	ssize_t root;
 
 	/* build full path as best we can */
 	git_buf_init(&info->full, 0);
 
-	if (git_path_join_unrooted(&info->full, path, base, &root) < 0)
+	if (git_path_join_unrooted(&info->full, path, base, &root) < 0 ||
+	    git_path_validate_workdir_buf(repo, &info->full) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	info->path = info->full.ptr + root;
@@ -655,7 +704,8 @@ int git_attr_fnmatch__parse(
 	int slash_count, allow_space;
 	bool escaped;
 
-	assert(spec && base && *base);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(spec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(base && *base);
 
 	if (parse_optimized_patterns(spec, pool, *base))
 		return 0;
@@ -823,7 +873,7 @@ int git_attr_assignment__parse(
 	const char *scan = *base;
 	git_attr_assignment *assign = NULL;
 
-	assert(assigns && !assigns->length);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(assigns && !assigns->length);
 
 	git_vector_set_cmp(assigns, sort_by_hash_and_name);
 
@@ -949,10 +999,10 @@ void git_attr_rule__free(git_attr_rule *rule)
 
 int git_attr_session__init(git_attr_session *session, git_repository *repo)
 {
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	memset(session, 0, sizeof(*session));
-	session->key = git_atomic_inc(&repo->attr_session_key);
+	session->key = git_atomic32_inc(&repo->attr_session_key);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/attr_file.h b/src/attr_file.h
index 2b6b1d6..16e33ca 100644
--- a/src/attr_file.h
+++ b/src/attr_file.h
@@ -37,12 +37,30 @@
 	(GIT_ATTR_FNMATCH_ALLOWSPACE | GIT_ATTR_FNMATCH_ALLOWNEG | GIT_ATTR_FNMATCH_ALLOWMACRO)
 
 typedef enum {
-	GIT_ATTR_FILE__IN_MEMORY   = 0,
-	GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE   = 1,
-	GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_INDEX  = 2,
-	GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_HEAD   = 3,
+	GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_MEMORY = 0,
+	GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE   = 1,
+	GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_INDEX  = 2,
+	GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_COMMIT = 3,
 
-	GIT_ATTR_FILE_NUM_SOURCES  = 4
+	GIT_ATTR_FILE_NUM_SOURCES   = 4
+} git_attr_file_source_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+	/* The source location for the attribute file. */
+	git_attr_file_source_t type;
+
+	/*
+	 * The filename of the attribute file to read (relative to the
+	 * given base path).
+	 */
+	const char *base;
+	const char *filename;
+
+	/*
+	 * The commit ID when the given source type is a commit (or NULL
+	 * for the repository's HEAD commit.)
+	 */
+	git_oid *commit_id;
 } git_attr_file_source;
 
 extern const char *git_attr__true;
@@ -124,7 +142,7 @@ extern int git_attr_get_many_with_session(
 	const char **values_out,
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_attr_session *attr_session,
-	uint32_t flags,
+	git_attr_options *opts,
 	const char *path,
 	size_t num_attr,
 	const char **names);
@@ -142,7 +160,7 @@ typedef int (*git_attr_file_parser)(
 int git_attr_file__new(
 	git_attr_file **out,
 	git_attr_file_entry *entry,
-	git_attr_file_source source);
+	git_attr_file_source *source);
 
 void git_attr_file__free(git_attr_file *file);
 
@@ -151,7 +169,7 @@ int git_attr_file__load(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_attr_session *attr_session,
 	git_attr_file_entry *ce,
-	git_attr_file_source source,
+	git_attr_file_source *source,
 	git_attr_file_parser parser,
 	bool allow_macros);
 
@@ -159,7 +177,7 @@ int git_attr_file__load_standalone(
 	git_attr_file **out, const char *path);
 
 int git_attr_file__out_of_date(
-	git_repository *repo, git_attr_session *session, git_attr_file *file);
+	git_repository *repo, git_attr_session *session, git_attr_file *file, git_attr_file_source *source);
 
 int git_attr_file__parse_buffer(
 	git_repository *repo, git_attr_file *attrs, const char *data, bool allow_macros);
@@ -207,8 +225,11 @@ extern git_attr_assignment *git_attr_rule__lookup_assignment(
 typedef enum { GIT_DIR_FLAG_TRUE = 1, GIT_DIR_FLAG_FALSE = 0, GIT_DIR_FLAG_UNKNOWN = -1 } git_dir_flag;
 
 extern int git_attr_path__init(
-	git_attr_path *info, const char *path, const char *base, git_dir_flag is_dir);
-
+	git_attr_path *out,
+	git_repository *repo,
+	const char *path,
+	const char *base,
+	git_dir_flag is_dir);
 extern void git_attr_path__free(git_attr_path *info);
 
 extern int git_attr_assignment__parse(
diff --git a/src/attrcache.c b/src/attrcache.c
index f02dd9d..2b36b7a 100644
--- a/src/attrcache.c
+++ b/src/attrcache.c
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ GIT_INLINE(git_attr_file_entry *) attr_cache_lookup_entry(
 
 int git_attr_cache__alloc_file_entry(
 	git_attr_file_entry **out,
+	git_repository *repo,
 	const char *base,
 	const char *path,
 	git_pool *pool)
@@ -65,6 +66,9 @@ int git_attr_cache__alloc_file_entry(
 	}
 	memcpy(&ce->fullpath[baselen], path, pathlen);
 
+	if (git_path_validate_workdir_with_len(repo, ce->fullpath, pathlen + baselen) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
 	ce->path = &ce->fullpath[baselen];
 	*out = ce;
 
@@ -79,8 +83,8 @@ static int attr_cache_make_entry(
 	git_attr_file_entry *entry = NULL;
 	int error;
 
-	if ((error = git_attr_cache__alloc_file_entry(&entry, git_repository_workdir(repo),
-						      path, &cache->pool)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_attr_cache__alloc_file_entry(&entry, repo,
+		git_repository_workdir(repo), path, &cache->pool)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	if ((error = git_strmap_set(cache->files, entry->path, entry)) < 0)
@@ -108,7 +112,7 @@ static int attr_cache_upsert(git_attr_cache *cache, git_attr_file *file)
 	 * Replace the existing value if another thread has
 	 * created it in the meantime.
 	 */
-	old = git__swap(entry->file[file->source], file);
+	old = git_atomic_swap(entry->file[file->source.type], file);
 
 	if (old) {
 		GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(old, NULL);
@@ -123,7 +127,7 @@ static int attr_cache_remove(git_attr_cache *cache, git_attr_file *file)
 {
 	int error = 0;
 	git_attr_file_entry *entry;
-	git_attr_file *old = NULL;
+	git_attr_file *oldfile = NULL;
 
 	if (!file)
 		return 0;
@@ -132,13 +136,13 @@ static int attr_cache_remove(git_attr_cache *cache, git_attr_file *file)
 		return error;
 
 	if ((entry = attr_cache_lookup_entry(cache, file->entry->path)) != NULL)
-		old = git__compare_and_swap(&entry->file[file->source], file, NULL);
+		oldfile = git_atomic_compare_and_swap(&entry->file[file->source.type], file, NULL);
 
 	attr_cache_unlock(cache);
 
-	if (old) {
-		GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(old, NULL);
-		git_attr_file__free(old);
+	if (oldfile == file) {
+		GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(file, NULL);
+		git_attr_file__free(file);
 	}
 
 	return error;
@@ -154,40 +158,42 @@ static int attr_cache_lookup(
 	git_attr_file_entry **out_entry,
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_attr_session *attr_session,
-	git_attr_file_source source,
-	const char *base,
-	const char *filename)
+	git_attr_file_source *source)
 {
 	int error = 0;
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
-	const char *wd = git_repository_workdir(repo), *relfile;
+	const char *wd = git_repository_workdir(repo);
+	const char *filename;
 	git_attr_cache *cache = git_repository_attr_cache(repo);
 	git_attr_file_entry *entry = NULL;
 	git_attr_file *file = NULL;
 
 	/* join base and path as needed */
-	if (base != NULL && git_path_root(filename) < 0) {
+	if (source->base != NULL && git_path_root(source->filename) < 0) {
 		git_buf *p = attr_session ? &attr_session->tmp : &path;
 
-		if (git_buf_joinpath(p, base, filename) < 0)
+		if (git_buf_joinpath(p, source->base, source->filename) < 0 ||
+		    git_path_validate_workdir_buf(repo, p) < 0)
 			return -1;
 
 		filename = p->ptr;
+	} else {
+		filename = source->filename;
 	}
 
-	relfile = filename;
-	if (wd && !git__prefixcmp(relfile, wd))
-		relfile += strlen(wd);
+	if (wd && !git__prefixcmp(filename, wd))
+		filename += strlen(wd);
 
 	/* check cache for existing entry */
 	if ((error = attr_cache_lock(cache)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
-	entry = attr_cache_lookup_entry(cache, relfile);
-	if (!entry)
-		error = attr_cache_make_entry(&entry, repo, relfile);
-	else if (entry->file[source] != NULL) {
-		file = entry->file[source];
+	entry = attr_cache_lookup_entry(cache, filename);
+
+	if (!entry) {
+		error = attr_cache_make_entry(&entry, repo, filename);
+	} else if (entry->file[source->type] != NULL) {
+		file = entry->file[source->type];
 		GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(file);
 	}
 
@@ -205,9 +211,7 @@ int git_attr_cache__get(
 	git_attr_file **out,
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_attr_session *attr_session,
-	git_attr_file_source source,
-	const char *base,
-	const char *filename,
+	git_attr_file_source *source,
 	git_attr_file_parser parser,
 	bool allow_macros)
 {
@@ -216,19 +220,21 @@ int git_attr_cache__get(
 	git_attr_file_entry *entry = NULL;
 	git_attr_file *file = NULL, *updated = NULL;
 
-	if ((error = attr_cache_lookup(
-			&file, &entry, repo, attr_session, source, base, filename)) < 0)
+	if ((error = attr_cache_lookup(&file, &entry, repo, attr_session, source)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	/* load file if we don't have one or if existing one is out of date */
-	if (!file || (error = git_attr_file__out_of_date(repo, attr_session, file)) > 0)
-		error = git_attr_file__load(&updated, repo, attr_session, entry, source, parser, allow_macros);
+	if (!file ||
+	    (error = git_attr_file__out_of_date(repo, attr_session, file, source)) > 0)
+		error = git_attr_file__load(&updated, repo, attr_session,
+		                            entry, source, parser,
+		                            allow_macros);
 
 	/* if we loaded the file, insert into and/or update cache */
 	if (updated) {
-		if ((error = attr_cache_upsert(cache, updated)) < 0)
+		if ((error = attr_cache_upsert(cache, updated)) < 0) {
 			git_attr_file__free(updated);
-		else {
+		} else {
 			git_attr_file__free(file); /* offset incref from lookup */
 			file = updated;
 		}
@@ -255,7 +261,7 @@ int git_attr_cache__get(
 
 bool git_attr_cache__is_cached(
 	git_repository *repo,
-	git_attr_file_source source,
+	git_attr_file_source_t source_type,
 	const char *filename)
 {
 	git_attr_cache *cache = git_repository_attr_cache(repo);
@@ -268,7 +274,7 @@ bool git_attr_cache__is_cached(
 	if ((entry = git_strmap_get(files, filename)) == NULL)
 		return false;
 
-	return entry && (entry->file[source] != NULL);
+	return entry && (entry->file[source_type] != NULL);
 }
 
 
@@ -321,7 +327,7 @@ static void attr_cache__free(git_attr_cache *cache)
 
 		git_strmap_foreach_value(cache->files, entry, {
 			for (i = 0; i < GIT_ATTR_FILE_NUM_SOURCES; ++i) {
-				if ((file = git__swap(entry->file[i], NULL)) != NULL) {
+				if ((file = git_atomic_swap(entry->file[i], NULL)) != NULL) {
 					GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(file, NULL);
 					git_attr_file__free(file);
 				}
@@ -391,13 +397,11 @@ int git_attr_cache__init(git_repository *repo)
 	 * hashtable for attribute macros, and string pool
 	 */
 	if ((ret = git_strmap_new(&cache->files)) < 0 ||
-	    (ret = git_strmap_new(&cache->macros)) < 0)
+	    (ret = git_strmap_new(&cache->macros)) < 0 ||
+	    (ret = git_pool_init(&cache->pool, 1)) < 0)
 		goto cancel;
 
-	git_pool_init(&cache->pool, 1);
-
-	cache = git__compare_and_swap(&repo->attrcache, NULL, cache);
-	if (cache)
+	if (git_atomic_compare_and_swap(&repo->attrcache, NULL, cache) != NULL)
 		goto cancel; /* raced with another thread, free this but no error */
 
 	git_config_free(cfg);
@@ -418,7 +422,7 @@ int git_attr_cache_flush(git_repository *repo)
 	/* this could be done less expensively, but for now, we'll just free
 	 * the entire attrcache and let the next use reinitialize it...
 	 */
-	if (repo && (cache = git__swap(repo->attrcache, NULL)) != NULL)
+	if (repo && (cache = git_atomic_swap(repo->attrcache, NULL)) != NULL)
 		attr_cache__free(cache);
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/src/attrcache.h b/src/attrcache.h
index 4b1d5ce..b13e0e8 100644
--- a/src/attrcache.h
+++ b/src/attrcache.h
@@ -31,19 +31,18 @@ extern int git_attr_cache__get(
 	git_attr_file **file,
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_attr_session *attr_session,
-	git_attr_file_source source,
-	const char *base,
-	const char *filename,
+	git_attr_file_source *source,
 	git_attr_file_parser parser,
 	bool allow_macros);
 
 extern bool git_attr_cache__is_cached(
 	git_repository *repo,
-	git_attr_file_source source,
-	const char *path);
+	git_attr_file_source_t source_type,
+	const char *filename);
 
 extern int git_attr_cache__alloc_file_entry(
 	git_attr_file_entry **out,
+	git_repository *repo,
 	const char *base,
 	const char *path,
 	git_pool *pool);
diff --git a/src/blame.c b/src/blame.c
index 404f1f6..10e311a 100644
--- a/src/blame.c
+++ b/src/blame.c
@@ -76,6 +76,14 @@ static git_blame_hunk* new_hunk(
 	return hunk;
 }
 
+static void free_hunk(git_blame_hunk *hunk)
+{
+	git__free((void*)hunk->orig_path);
+	git_signature_free(hunk->final_signature);
+	git_signature_free(hunk->orig_signature);
+	git__free(hunk);
+}
+
 static git_blame_hunk* dup_hunk(git_blame_hunk *hunk)
 {
 	git_blame_hunk *newhunk = new_hunk(
@@ -90,17 +98,14 @@ static git_blame_hunk* dup_hunk(git_blame_hunk *hunk)
 	git_oid_cpy(&newhunk->orig_commit_id, &hunk->orig_commit_id);
 	git_oid_cpy(&newhunk->final_commit_id, &hunk->final_commit_id);
 	newhunk->boundary = hunk->boundary;
-	git_signature_dup(&newhunk->final_signature, hunk->final_signature);
-	git_signature_dup(&newhunk->orig_signature, hunk->orig_signature);
-	return newhunk;
-}
 
-static void free_hunk(git_blame_hunk *hunk)
-{
-	git__free((void*)hunk->orig_path);
-	git_signature_free(hunk->final_signature);
-	git_signature_free(hunk->orig_signature);
-	git__free(hunk);
+	if (git_signature_dup(&newhunk->final_signature, hunk->final_signature) < 0 ||
+		git_signature_dup(&newhunk->orig_signature, hunk->orig_signature) < 0) {
+		free_hunk(newhunk);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return newhunk;
 }
 
 /* Starting with the hunk that includes start_line, shift all following hunks'
@@ -171,20 +176,21 @@ void git_blame_free(git_blame *blame)
 
 uint32_t git_blame_get_hunk_count(git_blame *blame)
 {
-	assert(blame);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(blame);
 	return (uint32_t)blame->hunks.length;
 }
 
 const git_blame_hunk *git_blame_get_hunk_byindex(git_blame *blame, uint32_t index)
 {
-	assert(blame);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(blame, NULL);
 	return (git_blame_hunk*)git_vector_get(&blame->hunks, index);
 }
 
 const git_blame_hunk *git_blame_get_hunk_byline(git_blame *blame, size_t lineno)
 {
 	size_t i, new_lineno = lineno;
-	assert(blame);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(blame, NULL);
 
 	if (!git_vector_bsearch2(&i, &blame->hunks, hunk_byfinalline_search_cmp, &new_lineno)) {
 		return git_blame_get_hunk_byindex(blame, (uint32_t)i);
@@ -388,7 +394,10 @@ int git_blame_file(
 	git_blame_options normOptions = GIT_BLAME_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	git_blame *blame = NULL;
 
-	assert(out && repo && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
+
 	if ((error = normalize_options(&normOptions, options, repo)) < 0)
 		goto on_error;
 
@@ -415,7 +424,7 @@ on_error:
 
 static bool hunk_is_bufferblame(git_blame_hunk *hunk)
 {
-	return git_oid_is_zero(&hunk->final_commit_id);
+	return hunk && git_oid_is_zero(&hunk->final_commit_id);
 }
 
 static int buffer_hunk_cb(
@@ -509,7 +518,9 @@ int git_blame_buffer(
 
 	diffopts.context_lines = 0;
 
-	assert(out && reference && buffer && buffer_len);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(reference);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(buffer && buffer_len);
 
 	blame = git_blame__alloc(reference->repository, reference->options, reference->path);
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(blame);
@@ -538,7 +549,9 @@ int git_blame_options_init(git_blame_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_blame_init_options(git_blame_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_blame_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/blame_git.c b/src/blame_git.c
index a9157c4..073137a 100644
--- a/src/blame_git.c
+++ b/src/blame_git.c
@@ -365,11 +365,14 @@ static void trim_common_tail(mmfile_t *a, mmfile_t *b, long ctx)
 	b->size -= trimmed - recovered;
 }
 
-static int diff_hunks(mmfile_t file_a, mmfile_t file_b, void *cb_data)
+static int diff_hunks(mmfile_t file_a, mmfile_t file_b, void *cb_data, git_blame_options *options)
 {
-	xpparam_t xpp = {0};
 	xdemitconf_t xecfg = {0};
 	xdemitcb_t ecb = {0};
+	xpparam_t xpp = {0};
+
+	if (options->flags & GIT_BLAME_IGNORE_WHITESPACE)
+		xpp.flags |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE;
 
 	xecfg.hunk_func = my_emit;
 	ecb.priv = cb_data;
@@ -409,7 +412,7 @@ static int pass_blame_to_parent(
 	fill_origin_blob(parent, &file_p);
 	fill_origin_blob(target, &file_o);
 
-	if (diff_hunks(file_p, file_o, &d) < 0)
+	if (diff_hunks(file_p, file_o, &d, &blame->options) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	/* The reset (i.e. anything after tlno) are the same as the parent */
diff --git a/src/blob.c b/src/blob.c
index 5e734e2..01ebf07 100644
--- a/src/blob.c
+++ b/src/blob.c
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@
 
 #include "filebuf.h"
 #include "filter.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 
 const void *git_blob_rawcontent(const git_blob *blob)
 {
-	assert(blob);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(blob, NULL);
+
 	if (blob->raw)
 		return blob->data.raw.data;
 	else
@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ const void *git_blob_rawcontent(const git_blob *blob)
 
 git_object_size_t git_blob_rawsize(const git_blob *blob)
 {
-	assert(blob);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(blob);
+
 	if (blob->raw)
 		return blob->data.raw.size;
 	else
@@ -53,7 +54,9 @@ void git_blob__free(void *_blob)
 int git_blob__parse_raw(void *_blob, const char *data, size_t size)
 {
 	git_blob *blob = (git_blob *) _blob;
-	assert(blob);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(blob);
+
 	blob->raw = 1;
 	blob->data.raw.data = data;
 	blob->data.raw.size = size;
@@ -63,7 +66,9 @@ int git_blob__parse_raw(void *_blob, const char *data, size_t size)
 int git_blob__parse(void *_blob, git_odb_object *odb_obj)
 {
 	git_blob *blob = (git_blob *) _blob;
-	assert(blob);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(blob);
+
 	git_cached_obj_incref((git_cached_obj *)odb_obj);
 	blob->raw = 0;
 	blob->data.odb = odb_obj;
@@ -77,7 +82,8 @@ int git_blob_create_from_buffer(
 	git_odb *odb;
 	git_odb_stream *stream;
 
-	assert(id && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	if ((error = git_repository_odb__weakptr(&odb, repo)) < 0 ||
 		(error = git_odb_open_wstream(&stream, odb, len, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB)) < 0)
@@ -188,14 +194,10 @@ int git_blob__create_from_paths(
 	mode_t mode;
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	assert(hint_path || !try_load_filters);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(hint_path || !try_load_filters);
 
 	if (!content_path) {
-		if (git_repository__ensure_not_bare(repo, "create blob from file") < 0)
-			return GIT_EBAREREPO;
-
-		if (git_buf_joinpath(
-				&path, git_repository_workdir(repo), hint_path) < 0)
+		if (git_repository_workdir_path(&path, repo, hint_path) < 0)
 			return -1;
 
 		content_path = path.ptr;
@@ -331,7 +333,8 @@ int git_blob_create_from_stream(git_writestream **out, git_repository *repo, con
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	blob_writestream *stream;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	stream = git__calloc(1, sizeof(blob_writestream));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(stream);
@@ -391,13 +394,22 @@ int git_blob_is_binary(const git_blob *blob)
 	git_buf content = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_object_size_t size;
 
-	assert(blob);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(blob);
 
 	size = git_blob_rawsize(blob);
 
 	git_buf_attach_notowned(&content, git_blob_rawcontent(blob),
 		(size_t)min(size, GIT_FILTER_BYTES_TO_CHECK_NUL));
-	return git_buf_text_is_binary(&content);
+	return git_buf_is_binary(&content);
+}
+
+int git_blob_filter_options_init(
+	git_blob_filter_options *opts,
+	unsigned int version)
+{
+	GIT_INIT_STRUCTURE_FROM_TEMPLATE(opts, version,
+		git_blob_filter_options, GIT_BLOB_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int git_blob_filter(
@@ -409,15 +421,18 @@ int git_blob_filter(
 	int error = 0;
 	git_filter_list *fl = NULL;
 	git_blob_filter_options opts = GIT_BLOB_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT;
-	git_filter_flag_t flags = GIT_FILTER_DEFAULT;
-
-	assert(blob && path && out);
+	git_filter_options filter_opts = GIT_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT;
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(blob);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(
 		given_opts, GIT_BLOB_FILTER_OPTIONS_VERSION, "git_blob_filter_options");
 
+	if (git_buf_sanitize(out) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
 	if (given_opts != NULL)
 		memcpy(&opts, given_opts, sizeof(git_blob_filter_options));
 
@@ -426,14 +441,19 @@ int git_blob_filter(
 		return 0;
 
 	if ((opts.flags & GIT_BLOB_FILTER_NO_SYSTEM_ATTRIBUTES) != 0)
-		flags |= GIT_FILTER_NO_SYSTEM_ATTRIBUTES;
+		filter_opts.flags |= GIT_FILTER_NO_SYSTEM_ATTRIBUTES;
 
-	if ((opts.flags & GIT_BLOB_FILTER_ATTTRIBUTES_FROM_HEAD) != 0)
-		flags |= GIT_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_HEAD;
+	if ((opts.flags & GIT_BLOB_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_HEAD) != 0)
+		filter_opts.flags |= GIT_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_HEAD;
+
+	if ((opts.flags & GIT_BLOB_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_COMMIT) != 0) {
+		filter_opts.flags |= GIT_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_COMMIT;
+		filter_opts.commit_id = opts.commit_id;
+	}
 
-	if (!(error = git_filter_list_load(
+	if (!(error = git_filter_list_load_ext(
 			&fl, git_blob_owner(blob), blob, path,
-			GIT_FILTER_TO_WORKTREE, flags))) {
+			GIT_FILTER_TO_WORKTREE, &filter_opts))) {
 
 		error = git_filter_list_apply_to_blob(out, fl, blob);
 
@@ -445,6 +465,7 @@ int git_blob_filter(
 
 /* Deprecated functions */
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_blob_create_frombuffer(
 	git_oid *id, git_repository *repo, const void *buffer, size_t len)
 {
@@ -491,3 +512,4 @@ int git_blob_filtered_content(
 
 	return git_blob_filter(out, blob, path, &opts);
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/branch.c b/src/branch.c
index 8926c89..e6818a8 100644
--- a/src/branch.c
+++ b/src/branch.c
@@ -67,8 +67,10 @@ static int create_branch(
 	int error = -1;
 	int bare = git_repository_is_bare(repository);
 
-	assert(branch_name && commit && ref_out);
-	assert(git_object_owner((const git_object *)commit) == repository);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(branch_name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(git_commit_owner(commit) == repository);
 
 	if (!git__strcmp(branch_name, "HEAD")) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REFERENCE, "'HEAD' is not a valid branch name");
@@ -134,39 +136,39 @@ int git_branch_create_from_annotated(
 		repository, branch_name, commit->commit, commit->description, force);
 }
 
-static int branch_equals(git_repository *repo, const char *path, void *payload)
+static int branch_is_checked_out(git_repository *worktree, void *payload)
 {
 	git_reference *branch = (git_reference *) payload;
 	git_reference *head = NULL;
-	int equal = 0;
+	int error;
 
-	if (git_reference__read_head(&head, repo, path) < 0 ||
-		git_reference_type(head) != GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC)
-		goto done;
+	if (git_repository_is_bare(worktree))
+		return 0;
 
-	equal = !git__strcmp(head->target.symbolic, branch->name);
+	if ((error = git_reference_lookup(&head, worktree, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0) {
+		if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND)
+			error = 0;
+		goto out;
+	}
 
-done:
+	if (git_reference_type(head) != GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC)
+		goto out;
+
+	error = !git__strcmp(head->target.symbolic, branch->name);
+
+out:
 	git_reference_free(head);
-	return equal;
+	return error;
 }
 
 int git_branch_is_checked_out(const git_reference *branch)
 {
-	git_repository *repo;
-	int flags = 0;
-
-	assert(branch);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(branch);
 
 	if (!git_reference_is_branch(branch))
 		return 0;
-
-	repo = git_reference_owner(branch);
-
-	if (git_repository_is_bare(repo))
-		flags |= GIT_REPOSITORY_FOREACH_HEAD_SKIP_REPO;
-
-	return git_repository_foreach_head(repo, branch_equals, flags, (void *) branch) == 1;
+	return git_repository_foreach_worktree(git_reference_owner(branch),
+					       branch_is_checked_out, (void *)branch) == 1;
 }
 
 int git_branch_delete(git_reference *branch)
@@ -175,7 +177,7 @@ int git_branch_delete(git_reference *branch)
 	git_buf config_section = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error = -1;
 
-	assert(branch);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(branch);
 
 	if (!git_reference_is_branch(branch) && !git_reference_is_remote(branch)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "reference '%s' is not a valid branch.",
@@ -290,7 +292,8 @@ int git_branch_move(
 	        log_message = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(branch && new_branch_name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(branch);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(new_branch_name);
 
 	if (!git_reference_is_branch(branch))
 		return not_a_local_branch(git_reference_name(branch));
@@ -335,7 +338,10 @@ int git_branch_lookup(
 	git_branch_t branch_type)
 {
 	int error = -1;
-	assert(ref_out && repo && branch_name);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(branch_name);
 
 	switch (branch_type) {
 	case GIT_BRANCH_LOCAL:
@@ -348,7 +354,7 @@ int git_branch_lookup(
 			error = retrieve_branch_reference(ref_out, repo, branch_name, true);
 		break;
 	default:
-		assert(false);
+		GIT_ASSERT(false);
 	}
 	return error;
 }
@@ -359,7 +365,8 @@ int git_branch_name(
 {
 	const char *branch_name;
 
-	assert(out && ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref);
 
 	branch_name = ref->name;
 
@@ -407,9 +414,11 @@ int git_branch_upstream_name(
 	const git_refspec *refspec;
 	git_config *config;
 
-	assert(out && refname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refname);
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	if (!git_reference__is_branch(refname))
 		return not_a_local_branch(refname);
@@ -459,7 +468,7 @@ cleanup:
 	return error;
 }
 
-int git_branch_upstream_remote(git_buf *buf, git_repository *repo, const char *refname)
+static int git_branch_upstream_with_format(git_buf *buf, git_repository *repo, const char *refname, const char *format, const char *format_name)
 {
 	int error;
 	git_config *cfg;
@@ -470,13 +479,12 @@ int git_branch_upstream_remote(git_buf *buf, git_repository *repo, const char *r
 	if ((error = git_repository_config__weakptr(&cfg, repo)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(buf);
-
-	if ((error = retrieve_upstream_configuration(buf, cfg, refname, "branch.%s.remote")) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(buf)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = retrieve_upstream_configuration(buf, cfg, refname, format)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	if (git_buf_len(buf) == 0) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REFERENCE, "branch '%s' does not have an upstream remote", refname);
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REFERENCE, "branch '%s' does not have an upstream %s", refname, format_name);
 		error = GIT_ENOTFOUND;
 		git_buf_clear(buf);
 	}
@@ -484,6 +492,16 @@ int git_branch_upstream_remote(git_buf *buf, git_repository *repo, const char *r
 	return error;
 }
 
+int git_branch_upstream_remote(git_buf *buf, git_repository *repo, const char *refname)
+{
+	return git_branch_upstream_with_format(buf, repo, refname, "branch.%s.remote", "remote");
+}
+
+int git_branch_upstream_merge(git_buf *buf, git_repository *repo, const char *refname)
+{
+	return git_branch_upstream_with_format(buf, repo, refname, "branch.%s.merge", "merge");
+}
+
 int git_branch_remote_name(git_buf *buf, git_repository *repo, const char *refname)
 {
 	git_strarray remote_list = {0};
@@ -493,9 +511,12 @@ int git_branch_remote_name(git_buf *buf, git_repository *repo, const char *refna
 	int error = 0;
 	char *remote_name = NULL;
 
-	assert(buf && repo && refname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(buf);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refname);
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(buf);
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(buf)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	/* Verify that this is a remote branch */
 	if (!git_reference__is_remote(refname)) {
@@ -548,7 +569,7 @@ cleanup:
 	if (error < 0)
 		git_buf_dispose(buf);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&remote_list);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&remote_list);
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -704,7 +725,7 @@ int git_branch_is_head(
 	bool is_same = false;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(branch);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(branch);
 
 	if (!git_reference_is_branch(branch))
 		return false;
@@ -725,3 +746,32 @@ int git_branch_is_head(
 
 	return is_same;
 }
+
+int git_branch_name_is_valid(int *valid, const char *name)
+{
+	git_buf ref_name = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	int error = 0;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT(valid);
+
+	*valid = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Discourage branch name starting with dash,
+	 * https://github.com/git/git/commit/6348624010888b
+	 * and discourage HEAD as branch name,
+	 * https://github.com/git/git/commit/a625b092cc5994
+	 */
+	if (!name || name[0] == '-' || !git__strcmp(name, "HEAD"))
+		goto done;
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_puts(&ref_name, GIT_REFS_HEADS_DIR)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_buf_puts(&ref_name, name)) < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	error = git_reference_name_is_valid(valid, ref_name.ptr);
+
+done:
+	git_buf_dispose(&ref_name);
+	return error;
+}
diff --git a/src/buf_text.c b/src/buf_text.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 88fcb87..0000000
--- a/src/buf_text.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,316 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-#include "buf_text.h"
-
-int git_buf_text_puts_escaped(
-	git_buf *buf,
-	const char *string,
-	const char *esc_chars,
-	const char *esc_with)
-{
-	const char *scan;
-	size_t total = 0, esc_len = strlen(esc_with), count, alloclen;
-
-	if (!string)
-		return 0;
-
-	for (scan = string; *scan; ) {
-		/* count run of non-escaped characters */
-		count = strcspn(scan, esc_chars);
-		total += count;
-		scan += count;
-		/* count run of escaped characters */
-		count = strspn(scan, esc_chars);
-		total += count * (esc_len + 1);
-		scan += count;
-	}
-
-	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&alloclen, total, 1);
-	if (git_buf_grow_by(buf, alloclen) < 0)
-		return -1;
-
-	for (scan = string; *scan; ) {
-		count = strcspn(scan, esc_chars);
-
-		memmove(buf->ptr + buf->size, scan, count);
-		scan += count;
-		buf->size += count;
-
-		for (count = strspn(scan, esc_chars); count > 0; --count) {
-			/* copy escape sequence */
-			memmove(buf->ptr + buf->size, esc_with, esc_len);
-			buf->size += esc_len;
-			/* copy character to be escaped */
-			buf->ptr[buf->size] = *scan;
-			buf->size++;
-			scan++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	buf->ptr[buf->size] = '\0';
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-void git_buf_text_unescape(git_buf *buf)
-{
-	buf->size = git__unescape(buf->ptr);
-}
-
-int git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(git_buf *tgt, const git_buf *src)
-{
-	const char *scan = src->ptr;
-	const char *scan_end = src->ptr + src->size;
-	const char *next = memchr(scan, '\r', src->size);
-	size_t new_size;
-	char *out;
-
-	assert(tgt != src);
-
-	if (!next)
-		return git_buf_set(tgt, src->ptr, src->size);
-
-	/* reduce reallocs while in the loop */
-	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&new_size, src->size, 1);
-	if (git_buf_grow(tgt, new_size) < 0)
-		return -1;
-
-	out = tgt->ptr;
-	tgt->size = 0;
-
-	/* Find the next \r and copy whole chunk up to there to tgt */
-	for (; next; scan = next + 1, next = memchr(scan, '\r', scan_end - scan)) {
-		if (next > scan) {
-			size_t copylen = (size_t)(next - scan);
-			memcpy(out, scan, copylen);
-			out += copylen;
-		}
-
-		/* Do not drop \r unless it is followed by \n */
-		if (next + 1 == scan_end || next[1] != '\n')
-			*out++ = '\r';
-	}
-
-	/* Copy remaining input into dest */
-	if (scan < scan_end) {
-		size_t remaining = (size_t)(scan_end - scan);
-		memcpy(out, scan, remaining);
-		out += remaining;
-	}
-
-	tgt->size = (size_t)(out - tgt->ptr);
-	tgt->ptr[tgt->size] = '\0';
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(git_buf *tgt, const git_buf *src)
-{
-	const char *start = src->ptr;
-	const char *end = start + src->size;
-	const char *scan = start;
-	const char *next = memchr(scan, '\n', src->size);
-	size_t alloclen;
-
-	assert(tgt != src);
-
-	if (!next)
-		return git_buf_set(tgt, src->ptr, src->size);
-
-	/* attempt to reduce reallocs while in the loop */
-	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&alloclen, src->size, src->size >> 4);
-	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&alloclen, alloclen, 1);
-	if (git_buf_grow(tgt, alloclen) < 0)
-		return -1;
-	tgt->size = 0;
-
-	for (; next; scan = next + 1, next = memchr(scan, '\n', end - scan)) {
-		size_t copylen = next - scan;
-
-		/* if we find mixed line endings, carry on */
-		if (copylen && next[-1] == '\r')
-			copylen--;
-
-		GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&alloclen, copylen, 3);
-		if (git_buf_grow_by(tgt, alloclen) < 0)
-			return -1;
-
-		if (copylen) {
-			memcpy(tgt->ptr + tgt->size, scan, copylen);
-			tgt->size += copylen;
-		}
-
-		tgt->ptr[tgt->size++] = '\r';
-		tgt->ptr[tgt->size++] = '\n';
-	}
-
-	tgt->ptr[tgt->size] = '\0';
-	return git_buf_put(tgt, scan, end - scan);
-}
-
-int git_buf_text_common_prefix(git_buf *buf, const git_strarray *strings)
-{
-	size_t i;
-	const char *str, *pfx;
-
-	git_buf_clear(buf);
-
-	if (!strings || !strings->count)
-		return 0;
-
-	/* initialize common prefix to first string */
-	if (git_buf_sets(buf, strings->strings[0]) < 0)
-		return -1;
-
-	/* go through the rest of the strings, truncating to shared prefix */
-	for (i = 1; i < strings->count; ++i) {
-
-		for (str = strings->strings[i], pfx = buf->ptr;
-			 *str && *str == *pfx; str++, pfx++)
-			/* scanning */;
-
-		git_buf_truncate(buf, pfx - buf->ptr);
-
-		if (!buf->size)
-			break;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-bool git_buf_text_is_binary(const git_buf *buf)
-{
-	const char *scan = buf->ptr, *end = buf->ptr + buf->size;
-	git_bom_t bom;
-	int printable = 0, nonprintable = 0;
-
-	scan += git_buf_text_detect_bom(&bom, buf);
-
-	if (bom > GIT_BOM_UTF8)
-		return 1;
-
-	while (scan < end) {
-		unsigned char c = *scan++;
-
-		/* Printable characters are those above SPACE (0x1F) excluding DEL,
-		 * and including BS, ESC and FF.
-		 */
-		if ((c > 0x1F && c != 127) || c == '\b' || c == '\033' || c == '\014')
-			printable++;
-		else if (c == '\0')
-			return true;
-		else if (!git__isspace(c))
-			nonprintable++;
-	}
-
-	return ((printable >> 7) < nonprintable);
-}
-
-bool git_buf_text_contains_nul(const git_buf *buf)
-{
-	return (memchr(buf->ptr, '\0', buf->size) != NULL);
-}
-
-int git_buf_text_detect_bom(git_bom_t *bom, const git_buf *buf)
-{
-	const char *ptr;
-	size_t len;
-
-	*bom = GIT_BOM_NONE;
-	/* need at least 2 bytes to look for any BOM */
-	if (buf->size < 2)
-		return 0;
-
-	ptr = buf->ptr;
-	len = buf->size;
-
-	switch (*ptr++) {
-	case 0:
-		if (len >= 4 && ptr[0] == 0 && ptr[1] == '\xFE' && ptr[2] == '\xFF') {
-			*bom = GIT_BOM_UTF32_BE;
-			return 4;
-		}
-		break;
-	case '\xEF':
-		if (len >= 3 && ptr[0] == '\xBB' && ptr[1] == '\xBF') {
-			*bom = GIT_BOM_UTF8;
-			return 3;
-		}
-		break;
-	case '\xFE':
-		if (*ptr == '\xFF') {
-			*bom = GIT_BOM_UTF16_BE;
-			return 2;
-		}
-		break;
-	case '\xFF':
-		if (*ptr != '\xFE')
-			break;
-		if (len >= 4 && ptr[1] == 0 && ptr[2] == 0) {
-			*bom = GIT_BOM_UTF32_LE;
-			return 4;
-		} else {
-			*bom = GIT_BOM_UTF16_LE;
-			return 2;
-		}
-		break;
-	default:
-		break;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-bool git_buf_text_gather_stats(
-	git_buf_text_stats *stats, const git_buf *buf, bool skip_bom)
-{
-	const char *scan = buf->ptr, *end = buf->ptr + buf->size;
-	int skip;
-
-	memset(stats, 0, sizeof(*stats));
-
-	/* BOM detection */
-	skip = git_buf_text_detect_bom(&stats->bom, buf);
-	if (skip_bom)
-		scan += skip;
-
-	/* Ignore EOF character */
-	if (buf->size > 0 && end[-1] == '\032')
-		end--;
-
-	/* Counting loop */
-	while (scan < end) {
-		unsigned char c = *scan++;
-
-		if (c > 0x1F && c != 0x7F)
-			stats->printable++;
-		else switch (c) {
-			case '\0':
-				stats->nul++;
-				stats->nonprintable++;
-				break;
-			case '\n':
-				stats->lf++;
-				break;
-			case '\r':
-				stats->cr++;
-				if (scan < end && *scan == '\n')
-					stats->crlf++;
-				break;
-			case '\t': case '\f': case '\v': case '\b': case 0x1b: /*ESC*/
-				stats->printable++;
-				break;
-			default:
-				stats->nonprintable++;
-				break;
-			}
-	}
-
-	/* Treat files with a bare CR as binary */
-	return (stats->cr != stats->crlf || stats->nul > 0 ||
-		((stats->printable >> 7) < stats->nonprintable));
-}
diff --git a/src/buf_text.h b/src/buf_text.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 726b0ae..0000000
--- a/src/buf_text.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,122 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-#ifndef INCLUDE_buf_text_h__
-#define INCLUDE_buf_text_h__
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include "buffer.h"
-
-typedef enum {
-	GIT_BOM_NONE = 0,
-	GIT_BOM_UTF8 = 1,
-	GIT_BOM_UTF16_LE = 2,
-	GIT_BOM_UTF16_BE = 3,
-	GIT_BOM_UTF32_LE = 4,
-	GIT_BOM_UTF32_BE = 5
-} git_bom_t;
-
-typedef struct {
-	git_bom_t bom; /* BOM found at head of text */
-	unsigned int nul, cr, lf, crlf; /* NUL, CR, LF and CRLF counts */
-	unsigned int printable, nonprintable; /* These are just approximations! */
-} git_buf_text_stats;
-
-/**
- * Append string to buffer, prefixing each character from `esc_chars` with
- * `esc_with` string.
- *
- * @param buf Buffer to append data to
- * @param string String to escape and append
- * @param esc_chars Characters to be escaped
- * @param esc_with String to insert in from of each found character
- * @return 0 on success, <0 on failure (probably allocation problem)
- */
-extern int git_buf_text_puts_escaped(
-	git_buf *buf,
-	const char *string,
-	const char *esc_chars,
-	const char *esc_with);
-
-/**
- * Append string escaping characters that are regex special
- */
-GIT_INLINE(int) git_buf_text_puts_escape_regex(git_buf *buf, const char *string)
-{
-	return git_buf_text_puts_escaped(buf, string, "^.[]$()|*+?{}\\", "\\");
-}
-
-/**
- * Unescape all characters in a buffer in place
- *
- * I.e. remove backslashes
- */
-extern void git_buf_text_unescape(git_buf *buf);
-
-/**
- * Replace all \r\n with \n.
- *
- * @return 0 on success, -1 on memory error
- */
-extern int git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(git_buf *tgt, const git_buf *src);
-
-/**
- * Replace all \n with \r\n. Does not modify existing \r\n.
- *
- * @return 0 on success, -1 on memory error
- */
-extern int git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(git_buf *tgt, const git_buf *src);
-
-/**
- * Fill buffer with the common prefix of a array of strings
- *
- * Buffer will be set to empty if there is no common prefix
- */
-extern int git_buf_text_common_prefix(git_buf *buf, const git_strarray *strs);
-
-/**
- * Check quickly if buffer looks like it contains binary data
- *
- * @param buf Buffer to check
- * @return true if buffer looks like non-text data
- */
-extern bool git_buf_text_is_binary(const git_buf *buf);
-
-/**
- * Check quickly if buffer contains a NUL byte
- *
- * @param buf Buffer to check
- * @return true if buffer contains a NUL byte
- */
-extern bool git_buf_text_contains_nul(const git_buf *buf);
-
-/**
- * Check if a buffer begins with a UTF BOM
- *
- * @param bom Set to the type of BOM detected or GIT_BOM_NONE
- * @param buf Buffer in which to check the first bytes for a BOM
- * @return Number of bytes of BOM data (or 0 if no BOM found)
- */
-extern int git_buf_text_detect_bom(git_bom_t *bom, const git_buf *buf);
-
-/**
- * Gather stats for a piece of text
- *
- * Fill the `stats` structure with counts of unreadable characters, carriage
- * returns, etc, so it can be used in heuristics.  This automatically skips
- * a trailing EOF (\032 character).  Also it will look for a BOM at the
- * start of the text and can be told to skip that as well.
- *
- * @param stats Structure to be filled in
- * @param buf Text to process
- * @param skip_bom Exclude leading BOM from stats if true
- * @return Does the buffer heuristically look like binary data
- */
-extern bool git_buf_text_gather_stats(
-	git_buf_text_stats *stats, const git_buf *buf, bool skip_bom);
-
-#endif
diff --git a/src/buffer.c b/src/buffer.c
index 328fdfe..794e1f1 100644
--- a/src/buffer.c
+++ b/src/buffer.c
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 #include "buffer.h"
 #include "posix.h"
 #include "git2/buffer.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 #include <ctype.h>
 
 /* Used as default value for git_buf->ptr so that people can always
@@ -133,18 +132,24 @@ void git_buf_dispose(git_buf *buf)
 	git_buf_init(buf, 0);
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 void git_buf_free(git_buf *buf)
 {
 	git_buf_dispose(buf);
 }
+#endif
 
-void git_buf_sanitize(git_buf *buf)
+int git_buf_sanitize(git_buf *buf)
 {
 	if (buf->ptr == NULL) {
-		assert(buf->size == 0 && buf->asize == 0);
+		GIT_ASSERT_ARG(buf->size == 0 && buf->asize == 0);
+
 		buf->ptr = git_buf__initbuf;
-	} else if (buf->asize > buf->size)
+	} else if (buf->asize > buf->size) {
 		buf->ptr[buf->size] = '\0';
+	}
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 void git_buf_clear(git_buf *buf)
@@ -181,16 +186,6 @@ int git_buf_set(git_buf *buf, const void *data, size_t len)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int git_buf_is_binary(const git_buf *buf)
-{
-	return git_buf_text_is_binary(buf);
-}
-
-int git_buf_contains_nul(const git_buf *buf)
-{
-	return git_buf_text_contains_nul(buf);
-}
-
 int git_buf_sets(git_buf *buf, const char *string)
 {
 	return git_buf_set(buf, string, string ? strlen(string) : 0);
@@ -223,7 +218,7 @@ int git_buf_put(git_buf *buf, const char *data, size_t len)
 	if (len) {
 		size_t new_size;
 
-		assert(data);
+		GIT_ASSERT_ARG(data);
 
 		GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&new_size, buf->size, len);
 		GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&new_size, new_size, 1);
@@ -237,7 +232,8 @@ int git_buf_put(git_buf *buf, const char *data, size_t len)
 
 int git_buf_puts(git_buf *buf, const char *string)
 {
-	assert(string);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(string);
+
 	return git_buf_put(buf, string, strlen(string));
 }
 
@@ -317,7 +313,7 @@ int git_buf_decode_base64(git_buf *buf, const char *base64, size_t len)
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	assert(len % 4 == 0);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(len % 4 == 0);
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&new_size, (len / 4 * 3), buf->size);
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&new_size, new_size, 1);
 	ENSURE_SIZE(buf, new_size);
@@ -363,7 +359,7 @@ int git_buf_encode_base85(git_buf *buf, const char *data, size_t len)
 
 		for (i = 24; i >= 0; i -= 8) {
 			uint8_t ch = *data++;
-			acc |= ch << i;
+			acc |= (uint32_t)ch << i;
 
 			if (--len == 0)
 				break;
@@ -549,22 +545,26 @@ int git_buf_printf(git_buf *buf, const char *format, ...)
 	return r;
 }
 
-void git_buf_copy_cstr(char *data, size_t datasize, const git_buf *buf)
+int git_buf_copy_cstr(char *data, size_t datasize, const git_buf *buf)
 {
 	size_t copylen;
 
-	assert(data && datasize && buf);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(data);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(datasize);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(buf);
 
 	data[0] = '\0';
 
 	if (buf->size == 0 || buf->asize <= 0)
-		return;
+		return 0;
 
 	copylen = buf->size;
 	if (copylen > datasize - 1)
 		copylen = datasize - 1;
 	memmove(data, buf->ptr, copylen);
 	data[copylen] = '\0';
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 void git_buf_consume_bytes(git_buf *buf, size_t len)
@@ -757,7 +757,8 @@ int git_buf_join(
 	ssize_t offset_a = -1;
 
 	/* not safe to have str_b point internally to the buffer */
-	assert(str_b < buf->ptr || str_b >= buf->ptr + buf->size);
+	if (buf->size)
+		GIT_ASSERT_ARG(str_b < buf->ptr || str_b >= buf->ptr + buf->size);
 
 	/* figure out if we need to insert a separator */
 	if (separator && strlen_a) {
@@ -767,7 +768,7 @@ int git_buf_join(
 	}
 
 	/* str_a could be part of the buffer */
-	if (str_a >= buf->ptr && str_a < buf->ptr + buf->size)
+	if (buf->size && str_a >= buf->ptr && str_a < buf->ptr + buf->size)
 		offset_a = str_a - buf->ptr;
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&alloc_len, strlen_a, strlen_b);
@@ -807,9 +808,9 @@ int git_buf_join3(
 	char *tgt;
 
 	/* for this function, disallow pointers into the existing buffer */
-	assert(str_a < buf->ptr || str_a >= buf->ptr + buf->size);
-	assert(str_b < buf->ptr || str_b >= buf->ptr + buf->size);
-	assert(str_c < buf->ptr || str_c >= buf->ptr + buf->size);
+	GIT_ASSERT(str_a < buf->ptr || str_a >= buf->ptr + buf->size);
+	GIT_ASSERT(str_b < buf->ptr || str_b >= buf->ptr + buf->size);
+	GIT_ASSERT(str_c < buf->ptr || str_c >= buf->ptr + buf->size);
 
 	if (separator) {
 		if (len_a > 0) {
@@ -882,7 +883,9 @@ int git_buf_splice(
 	char *splice_loc;
 	size_t new_size, alloc_size;
 
-	assert(buf && where <= buf->size && nb_to_remove <= buf->size - where);
+	GIT_ASSERT(buf);
+	GIT_ASSERT(where <= buf->size);
+	GIT_ASSERT(nb_to_remove <= buf->size - where);
 
 	splice_loc = buf->ptr + where;
 
@@ -1044,3 +1047,312 @@ invalid:
 	git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "invalid quoted line");
 	return -1;
 }
+
+int git_buf_puts_escaped(
+	git_buf *buf,
+	const char *string,
+	const char *esc_chars,
+	const char *esc_with)
+{
+	const char *scan;
+	size_t total = 0, esc_len = strlen(esc_with), count, alloclen;
+
+	if (!string)
+		return 0;
+
+	for (scan = string; *scan; ) {
+		/* count run of non-escaped characters */
+		count = strcspn(scan, esc_chars);
+		total += count;
+		scan += count;
+		/* count run of escaped characters */
+		count = strspn(scan, esc_chars);
+		total += count * (esc_len + 1);
+		scan += count;
+	}
+
+	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&alloclen, total, 1);
+	if (git_buf_grow_by(buf, alloclen) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	for (scan = string; *scan; ) {
+		count = strcspn(scan, esc_chars);
+
+		memmove(buf->ptr + buf->size, scan, count);
+		scan += count;
+		buf->size += count;
+
+		for (count = strspn(scan, esc_chars); count > 0; --count) {
+			/* copy escape sequence */
+			memmove(buf->ptr + buf->size, esc_with, esc_len);
+			buf->size += esc_len;
+			/* copy character to be escaped */
+			buf->ptr[buf->size] = *scan;
+			buf->size++;
+			scan++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	buf->ptr[buf->size] = '\0';
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void git_buf_unescape(git_buf *buf)
+{
+	buf->size = git__unescape(buf->ptr);
+}
+
+int git_buf_crlf_to_lf(git_buf *tgt, const git_buf *src)
+{
+	const char *scan = src->ptr;
+	const char *scan_end = src->ptr + src->size;
+	const char *next = memchr(scan, '\r', src->size);
+	size_t new_size;
+	char *out;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT(tgt != src);
+
+	if (!next)
+		return git_buf_set(tgt, src->ptr, src->size);
+
+	/* reduce reallocs while in the loop */
+	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&new_size, src->size, 1);
+	if (git_buf_grow(tgt, new_size) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	out = tgt->ptr;
+	tgt->size = 0;
+
+	/* Find the next \r and copy whole chunk up to there to tgt */
+	for (; next; scan = next + 1, next = memchr(scan, '\r', scan_end - scan)) {
+		if (next > scan) {
+			size_t copylen = (size_t)(next - scan);
+			memcpy(out, scan, copylen);
+			out += copylen;
+		}
+
+		/* Do not drop \r unless it is followed by \n */
+		if (next + 1 == scan_end || next[1] != '\n')
+			*out++ = '\r';
+	}
+
+	/* Copy remaining input into dest */
+	if (scan < scan_end) {
+		size_t remaining = (size_t)(scan_end - scan);
+		memcpy(out, scan, remaining);
+		out += remaining;
+	}
+
+	tgt->size = (size_t)(out - tgt->ptr);
+	tgt->ptr[tgt->size] = '\0';
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_buf_lf_to_crlf(git_buf *tgt, const git_buf *src)
+{
+	const char *start = src->ptr;
+	const char *end = start + src->size;
+	const char *scan = start;
+	const char *next = memchr(scan, '\n', src->size);
+	size_t alloclen;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT(tgt != src);
+
+	if (!next)
+		return git_buf_set(tgt, src->ptr, src->size);
+
+	/* attempt to reduce reallocs while in the loop */
+	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&alloclen, src->size, src->size >> 4);
+	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&alloclen, alloclen, 1);
+	if (git_buf_grow(tgt, alloclen) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	tgt->size = 0;
+
+	for (; next; scan = next + 1, next = memchr(scan, '\n', end - scan)) {
+		size_t copylen = next - scan;
+
+		/* if we find mixed line endings, carry on */
+		if (copylen && next[-1] == '\r')
+			copylen--;
+
+		GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&alloclen, copylen, 3);
+		if (git_buf_grow_by(tgt, alloclen) < 0)
+			return -1;
+
+		if (copylen) {
+			memcpy(tgt->ptr + tgt->size, scan, copylen);
+			tgt->size += copylen;
+		}
+
+		tgt->ptr[tgt->size++] = '\r';
+		tgt->ptr[tgt->size++] = '\n';
+	}
+
+	tgt->ptr[tgt->size] = '\0';
+	return git_buf_put(tgt, scan, end - scan);
+}
+
+int git_buf_common_prefix(git_buf *buf, const git_strarray *strings)
+{
+	size_t i;
+	const char *str, *pfx;
+
+	git_buf_clear(buf);
+
+	if (!strings || !strings->count)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* initialize common prefix to first string */
+	if (git_buf_sets(buf, strings->strings[0]) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	/* go through the rest of the strings, truncating to shared prefix */
+	for (i = 1; i < strings->count; ++i) {
+
+		for (str = strings->strings[i], pfx = buf->ptr;
+			 *str && *str == *pfx; str++, pfx++)
+			/* scanning */;
+
+		git_buf_truncate(buf, pfx - buf->ptr);
+
+		if (!buf->size)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_buf_is_binary(const git_buf *buf)
+{
+	const char *scan = buf->ptr, *end = buf->ptr + buf->size;
+	git_buf_bom_t bom;
+	int printable = 0, nonprintable = 0;
+
+	scan += git_buf_detect_bom(&bom, buf);
+
+	if (bom > GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF8)
+		return 1;
+
+	while (scan < end) {
+		unsigned char c = *scan++;
+
+		/* Printable characters are those above SPACE (0x1F) excluding DEL,
+		 * and including BS, ESC and FF.
+		 */
+		if ((c > 0x1F && c != 127) || c == '\b' || c == '\033' || c == '\014')
+			printable++;
+		else if (c == '\0')
+			return true;
+		else if (!git__isspace(c))
+			nonprintable++;
+	}
+
+	return ((printable >> 7) < nonprintable);
+}
+
+int git_buf_contains_nul(const git_buf *buf)
+{
+	return (memchr(buf->ptr, '\0', buf->size) != NULL);
+}
+
+int git_buf_detect_bom(git_buf_bom_t *bom, const git_buf *buf)
+{
+	const char *ptr;
+	size_t len;
+
+	*bom = GIT_BUF_BOM_NONE;
+	/* need at least 2 bytes to look for any BOM */
+	if (buf->size < 2)
+		return 0;
+
+	ptr = buf->ptr;
+	len = buf->size;
+
+	switch (*ptr++) {
+	case 0:
+		if (len >= 4 && ptr[0] == 0 && ptr[1] == '\xFE' && ptr[2] == '\xFF') {
+			*bom = GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF32_BE;
+			return 4;
+		}
+		break;
+	case '\xEF':
+		if (len >= 3 && ptr[0] == '\xBB' && ptr[1] == '\xBF') {
+			*bom = GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF8;
+			return 3;
+		}
+		break;
+	case '\xFE':
+		if (*ptr == '\xFF') {
+			*bom = GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF16_BE;
+			return 2;
+		}
+		break;
+	case '\xFF':
+		if (*ptr != '\xFE')
+			break;
+		if (len >= 4 && ptr[1] == 0 && ptr[2] == 0) {
+			*bom = GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF32_LE;
+			return 4;
+		} else {
+			*bom = GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF16_LE;
+			return 2;
+		}
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+bool git_buf_gather_text_stats(
+	git_buf_text_stats *stats, const git_buf *buf, bool skip_bom)
+{
+	const char *scan = buf->ptr, *end = buf->ptr + buf->size;
+	int skip;
+
+	memset(stats, 0, sizeof(*stats));
+
+	/* BOM detection */
+	skip = git_buf_detect_bom(&stats->bom, buf);
+	if (skip_bom)
+		scan += skip;
+
+	/* Ignore EOF character */
+	if (buf->size > 0 && end[-1] == '\032')
+		end--;
+
+	/* Counting loop */
+	while (scan < end) {
+		unsigned char c = *scan++;
+
+		if (c > 0x1F && c != 0x7F)
+			stats->printable++;
+		else switch (c) {
+			case '\0':
+				stats->nul++;
+				stats->nonprintable++;
+				break;
+			case '\n':
+				stats->lf++;
+				break;
+			case '\r':
+				stats->cr++;
+				if (scan < end && *scan == '\n')
+					stats->crlf++;
+				break;
+			case '\t': case '\f': case '\v': case '\b': case 0x1b: /*ESC*/
+				stats->printable++;
+				break;
+			default:
+				stats->nonprintable++;
+				break;
+			}
+	}
+
+	/* Treat files with a bare CR as binary */
+	return (stats->cr != stats->crlf || stats->nul > 0 ||
+		((stats->printable >> 7) < stats->nonprintable));
+}
diff --git a/src/buffer.h b/src/buffer.h
index 6b717d2..d043ed6 100644
--- a/src/buffer.h
+++ b/src/buffer.h
@@ -17,6 +17,21 @@
  * } git_buf;
  */
 
+typedef enum {
+	GIT_BUF_BOM_NONE = 0,
+	GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF8 = 1,
+	GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF16_LE = 2,
+	GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF16_BE = 3,
+	GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF32_LE = 4,
+	GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF32_BE = 5
+} git_buf_bom_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+	git_buf_bom_t bom; /* BOM found at head of text */
+	unsigned int nul, cr, lf, crlf; /* NUL, CR, LF and CRLF counts */
+	unsigned int printable, nonprintable; /* These are just approximations! */
+} git_buf_text_stats;
+
 extern char git_buf__initbuf[];
 extern char git_buf__oom[];
 
@@ -69,7 +84,7 @@ extern int git_buf_try_grow(
  * git_buf__initbuf. If a buffer with a non-NULL ptr is passed in, this method
  * assures that the buffer is '\0'-terminated.
  */
-extern void git_buf_sanitize(git_buf *buf);
+extern int git_buf_sanitize(git_buf *buf);
 
 extern void git_buf_swap(git_buf *buf_a, git_buf *buf_b);
 extern char *git_buf_detach(git_buf *buf);
@@ -145,7 +160,7 @@ GIT_INLINE(size_t) git_buf_len(const git_buf *buf)
 	return buf->size;
 }
 
-void git_buf_copy_cstr(char *data, size_t datasize, const git_buf *buf);
+int git_buf_copy_cstr(char *data, size_t datasize, const git_buf *buf);
 
 #define git_buf_PUTS(buf, str) git_buf_put(buf, str, sizeof(str) - 1)
 
@@ -219,4 +234,81 @@ int git_buf_splice(
 	const char *data,
 	size_t nb_to_insert);
 
+/**
+ * Append string to buffer, prefixing each character from `esc_chars` with
+ * `esc_with` string.
+ *
+ * @param buf Buffer to append data to
+ * @param string String to escape and append
+ * @param esc_chars Characters to be escaped
+ * @param esc_with String to insert in from of each found character
+ * @return 0 on success, <0 on failure (probably allocation problem)
+ */
+extern int git_buf_puts_escaped(
+	git_buf *buf,
+	const char *string,
+	const char *esc_chars,
+	const char *esc_with);
+
+/**
+ * Append string escaping characters that are regex special
+ */
+GIT_INLINE(int) git_buf_puts_escape_regex(git_buf *buf, const char *string)
+{
+	return git_buf_puts_escaped(buf, string, "^.[]$()|*+?{}\\", "\\");
+}
+
+/**
+ * Unescape all characters in a buffer in place
+ *
+ * I.e. remove backslashes
+ */
+extern void git_buf_unescape(git_buf *buf);
+
+/**
+ * Replace all \r\n with \n.
+ *
+ * @return 0 on success, -1 on memory error
+ */
+extern int git_buf_crlf_to_lf(git_buf *tgt, const git_buf *src);
+
+/**
+ * Replace all \n with \r\n. Does not modify existing \r\n.
+ *
+ * @return 0 on success, -1 on memory error
+ */
+extern int git_buf_lf_to_crlf(git_buf *tgt, const git_buf *src);
+
+/**
+ * Fill buffer with the common prefix of a array of strings
+ *
+ * Buffer will be set to empty if there is no common prefix
+ */
+extern int git_buf_common_prefix(git_buf *buf, const git_strarray *strs);
+
+/**
+ * Check if a buffer begins with a UTF BOM
+ *
+ * @param bom Set to the type of BOM detected or GIT_BOM_NONE
+ * @param buf Buffer in which to check the first bytes for a BOM
+ * @return Number of bytes of BOM data (or 0 if no BOM found)
+ */
+extern int git_buf_detect_bom(git_buf_bom_t *bom, const git_buf *buf);
+
+/**
+ * Gather stats for a piece of text
+ *
+ * Fill the `stats` structure with counts of unreadable characters, carriage
+ * returns, etc, so it can be used in heuristics.  This automatically skips
+ * a trailing EOF (\032 character).  Also it will look for a BOM at the
+ * start of the text and can be told to skip that as well.
+ *
+ * @param stats Structure to be filled in
+ * @param buf Text to process
+ * @param skip_bom Exclude leading BOM from stats if true
+ * @return Does the buffer heuristically look like binary data
+ */
+extern bool git_buf_gather_text_stats(
+	git_buf_text_stats *stats, const git_buf *buf, bool skip_bom);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/src/cache.c b/src/cache.c
index 32ba993..2f68e35 100644
--- a/src/cache.c
+++ b/src/cache.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 #include "repository.h"
 #include "commit.h"
-#include "thread-utils.h"
+#include "thread.h"
 #include "util.h"
 #include "odb.h"
 #include "object.h"
@@ -41,27 +41,6 @@ int git_cache_set_max_object_size(git_object_t type, size_t size)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void git_cache_dump_stats(git_cache *cache)
-{
-	git_cached_obj *object;
-
-	if (git_cache_size(cache) == 0)
-		return;
-
-	printf("Cache %p: %"PRIuZ" items cached, %"PRIdZ" bytes\n",
-		cache, git_cache_size(cache), cache->used_memory);
-
-	git_oidmap_foreach_value(cache->map, object, {
-		char oid_str[9];
-		printf(" %s%c %s (%"PRIuZ")\n",
-			git_object_type2string(object->type),
-			object->flags == GIT_CACHE_STORE_PARSED ? '*' : ' ',
-			git_oid_tostr(oid_str, sizeof(oid_str), &object->oid),
-			object->size
-		);
-	});
-}
-
 int git_cache_init(git_cache *cache)
 {
 	memset(cache, 0, sizeof(*cache));
@@ -189,7 +168,7 @@ static void *cache_store(git_cache *cache, git_cached_obj *entry)
 		return entry;
 
 	/* soften the load on the cache */
-	if (git_cache__current_storage.val > git_cache__max_storage)
+	if (git_atomic_ssize_get(&git_cache__current_storage) > git_cache__max_storage)
 		cache_evict_entries(cache);
 
 	/* not found */
@@ -208,10 +187,14 @@ static void *cache_store(git_cache *cache, git_cached_obj *entry)
 			entry = stored_entry;
 		} else if (stored_entry->flags == GIT_CACHE_STORE_RAW &&
 			   entry->flags == GIT_CACHE_STORE_PARSED) {
-			git_cached_obj_decref(stored_entry);
-			git_cached_obj_incref(entry);
-
-			git_oidmap_set(cache->map, &entry->oid, entry);
+			if (git_oidmap_set(cache->map, &entry->oid, entry) == 0) {
+				git_cached_obj_decref(stored_entry);
+				git_cached_obj_incref(entry);
+			} else {
+				git_cached_obj_decref(entry);
+				git_cached_obj_incref(stored_entry);
+				entry = stored_entry;
+			}
 		} else {
 			/* NO OP */
 		}
@@ -252,7 +235,7 @@ void git_cached_obj_decref(void *_obj)
 {
 	git_cached_obj *obj = _obj;
 
-	if (git_atomic_dec(&obj->refcount) == 0) {
+	if (git_atomic32_dec(&obj->refcount) == 0) {
 		switch (obj->flags) {
 		case GIT_CACHE_STORE_RAW:
 			git_odb_object__free(_obj);
diff --git a/src/cache.h b/src/cache.h
index 1e61792..42c4fa8 100644
--- a/src/cache.h
+++ b/src/cache.h
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 #include "git2/oid.h"
 #include "git2/odb.h"
 
-#include "thread-utils.h"
+#include "thread.h"
 #include "oidmap.h"
 
 enum {
@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ enum {
 };
 
 typedef struct {
-	git_oid    oid;
-	int16_t    type;  /* git_object_t value */
-	uint16_t   flags; /* GIT_CACHE_STORE value */
-	size_t     size;
-	git_atomic refcount;
+	git_oid      oid;
+	int16_t      type;  /* git_object_t value */
+	uint16_t     flags; /* GIT_CACHE_STORE value */
+	size_t       size;
+	git_atomic32 refcount;
 } git_cached_obj;
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ GIT_INLINE(size_t) git_cache_size(git_cache *cache)
 GIT_INLINE(void) git_cached_obj_incref(void *_obj)
 {
 	git_cached_obj *obj = _obj;
-	git_atomic_inc(&obj->refcount);
+	git_atomic32_inc(&obj->refcount);
 }
 
 void git_cached_obj_decref(void *_obj);
diff --git a/src/cc-compat.h b/src/cc-compat.h
index 7ade561..6bdc651 100644
--- a/src/cc-compat.h
+++ b/src/cc-compat.h
@@ -43,9 +43,17 @@
 #	define GIT_ALIGN(x,size) x
 #endif
 
-#define GIT_UNUSED(x) ((void)(x))
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+# define GIT_UNUSED(x)                                                         \
+	do {                                                                   \
+		typeof(x) _unused __attribute__((unused));                     \
+		_unused = (x);                                                 \
+	} while (0)
+#else
+# define GIT_UNUSED(x) ((void)(x))
+#endif
 
-/* Define the printf format specifer to use for size_t output */
+/* Define the printf format specifier to use for size_t output */
 #if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
 
 /* Visual Studio 2012 and prior lack PRId64 entirely */
diff --git a/src/checkout.c b/src/checkout.c
index 5cfa728..31d473e 100644
--- a/src/checkout.c
+++ b/src/checkout.c
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "diff_generate.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 #include "diff_xdiff.h"
 #include "path.h"
 #include "attr.h"
@@ -44,7 +43,6 @@ enum {
 	CHECKOUT_ACTION__REMOVE_CONFLICT = 16,
 	CHECKOUT_ACTION__UPDATE_CONFLICT = 32,
 	CHECKOUT_ACTION__MAX = 32,
-	CHECKOUT_ACTION__DEFER_REMOVE = 64,
 	CHECKOUT_ACTION__REMOVE_AND_UPDATE =
 		(CHECKOUT_ACTION__UPDATE_BLOB | CHECKOUT_ACTION__REMOVE),
 };
@@ -196,7 +194,7 @@ static bool checkout_is_workdir_modified(
 		}
 
 		if (git_submodule_status(&sm_status, data->repo, wditem->path, GIT_SUBMODULE_IGNORE_UNSPECIFIED) < 0 ||
-			GIT_SUBMODULE_STATUS_IS_WD_DIRTY(sm_status))
+		    GIT_SUBMODULE_STATUS_IS_WD_DIRTY(sm_status))
 			rval = true;
 		else if ((sm_oid = git_submodule_wd_id(sm)) == NULL)
 			rval = false;
@@ -217,9 +215,10 @@ static bool checkout_is_workdir_modified(
 	ie = git_index_get_bypath(data->index, wditem->path, 0);
 
 	if (ie != NULL &&
-		git_index_time_eq(&wditem->mtime, &ie->mtime) &&
-		wditem->file_size == ie->file_size &&
-		!is_filemode_changed(wditem->mode, ie->mode, data->respect_filemode)) {
+	    !git_index_entry_newer_than_index(ie, data->index) &&
+	    git_index_time_eq(&wditem->mtime, &ie->mtime) &&
+	    wditem->file_size == ie->file_size &&
+	    !is_filemode_changed(wditem->mode, ie->mode, data->respect_filemode)) {
 
 		/* The workdir is modified iff the index entry is modified */
 		return !is_workdir_base_or_new(&ie->id, baseitem, newitem) ||
@@ -273,9 +272,8 @@ static int checkout_action_common(
 
 		/* if the file is on disk and doesn't match our mode, force update */
 		if (wd &&
-			GIT_PERMS_IS_EXEC(wd->mode) !=
-			GIT_PERMS_IS_EXEC(delta->new_file.mode))
-				*action |= CHECKOUT_ACTION__REMOVE;
+		    GIT_PERMS_IS_EXEC(wd->mode) != GIT_PERMS_IS_EXEC(delta->new_file.mode))
+			*action |= CHECKOUT_ACTION__REMOVE;
 
 		notify = GIT_CHECKOUT_NOTIFY_UPDATED;
 	}
@@ -330,6 +328,9 @@ static int checkout_target_fullpath(
 	if (path && git_buf_puts(&data->target_path, path) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
+	if (git_path_validate_workdir_buf(data->repo, &data->target_path) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
 	*out = &data->target_path;
 
 	return 0;
@@ -371,8 +372,13 @@ static int checkout_action_wd_only(
 	if (!git_pathspec__match(
 			pathspec, wd->path,
 			(data->strategy & GIT_CHECKOUT_DISABLE_PATHSPEC_MATCH) != 0,
-			git_iterator_ignore_case(workdir), NULL, NULL))
-		return git_iterator_advance(wditem, workdir);
+			git_iterator_ignore_case(workdir), NULL, NULL)) {
+
+		if (wd->mode == GIT_FILEMODE_TREE)
+			return git_iterator_advance_into(wditem, workdir);
+		else
+			return git_iterator_advance(wditem, workdir);
+	}
 
 	/* check if item is tracked in the index but not in the checkout diff */
 	if (data->index != NULL) {
@@ -794,13 +800,13 @@ static int checkout_conflictdata_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
 	int diff;
 
 	if ((diff = checkout_idxentry_cmp(ca->ancestor, cb->ancestor)) == 0 &&
-		(diff = checkout_idxentry_cmp(ca->ours, cb->theirs)) == 0)
+	    (diff = checkout_idxentry_cmp(ca->ours, cb->theirs)) == 0)
 		diff = checkout_idxentry_cmp(ca->theirs, cb->theirs);
 
 	return diff;
 }
 
-int checkout_conflictdata_empty(
+static int checkout_conflictdata_empty(
 	const git_vector *conflicts, size_t idx, void *payload)
 {
 	checkout_conflictdata *conflict;
@@ -1173,7 +1179,7 @@ static int checkout_conflicts_mark_directoryfile(
 	/* Find d/f conflicts */
 	git_vector_foreach(&data->update_conflicts, i, conflict) {
 		if ((conflict->ours && conflict->theirs) ||
-			(!conflict->ours && !conflict->theirs))
+		    (!conflict->ours && !conflict->theirs))
 			continue;
 
 		path = conflict->ours ?
@@ -1222,8 +1228,8 @@ static int checkout_get_update_conflicts(
 		return 0;
 
 	if ((error = checkout_conflicts_load(data, workdir, pathspec)) < 0 ||
-		(error = checkout_conflicts_coalesce_renames(data)) < 0 ||
-		(error = checkout_conflicts_mark_directoryfile(data)) < 0)
+	    (error = checkout_conflicts_coalesce_renames(data)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = checkout_conflicts_mark_directoryfile(data)) < 0)
 		goto done;
 
 done:
@@ -1239,7 +1245,7 @@ static int checkout_conflict_append_remove(
 	checkout_data *data = payload;
 	const char *name;
 
-	assert(ancestor || ours || theirs);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ancestor || ours || theirs);
 
 	if (ancestor)
 		name = git__strdup(ancestor->path);
@@ -1274,14 +1280,14 @@ static int checkout_verify_paths(
 	unsigned int flags = GIT_PATH_REJECT_WORKDIR_DEFAULTS;
 
 	if (action & CHECKOUT_ACTION__REMOVE) {
-		if (!git_path_isvalid(repo, delta->old_file.path, delta->old_file.mode, flags)) {
+		if (!git_path_validate(repo, delta->old_file.path, delta->old_file.mode, flags)) {
 			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_CHECKOUT, "cannot remove invalid path '%s'", delta->old_file.path);
 			return -1;
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (action & ~CHECKOUT_ACTION__REMOVE) {
-		if (!git_path_isvalid(repo, delta->new_file.path, delta->new_file.mode, flags)) {
+		if (!git_path_validate(repo, delta->new_file.path, delta->new_file.mode, flags)) {
 			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_CHECKOUT, "cannot checkout to invalid path '%s'", delta->new_file.path);
 			return -1;
 		}
@@ -1304,14 +1310,15 @@ static int checkout_get_actions(
 	size_t i, *counts = NULL;
 	uint32_t *actions = NULL;
 
-	git_pool_init(&pathpool, 1);
+	if (git_pool_init(&pathpool, 1) < 0)
+		return -1;
 
 	if (data->opts.paths.count > 0 &&
-		git_pathspec__vinit(&pathspec, &data->opts.paths, &pathpool) < 0)
+	    git_pathspec__vinit(&pathspec, &data->opts.paths, &pathpool) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	if ((error = git_iterator_current(&wditem, workdir)) < 0 &&
-		error != GIT_ITEROVER)
+	    error != GIT_ITEROVER)
 		goto fail;
 
 	deltas = &data->diff->deltas;
@@ -1350,8 +1357,7 @@ static int checkout_get_actions(
 	counts[CHECKOUT_ACTION__REMOVE] += data->removes.length;
 
 	if (counts[CHECKOUT_ACTION__CONFLICT] > 0 &&
-		(data->strategy & GIT_CHECKOUT_ALLOW_CONFLICTS) == 0)
-	{
+	    (data->strategy & GIT_CHECKOUT_ALLOW_CONFLICTS) == 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_CHECKOUT, "%"PRIuZ" %s checkout",
 			counts[CHECKOUT_ACTION__CONFLICT],
 			counts[CHECKOUT_ACTION__CONFLICT] == 1 ?
@@ -1362,7 +1368,7 @@ static int checkout_get_actions(
 
 
 	if ((error = checkout_get_remove_conflicts(data, workdir, &pathspec)) < 0 ||
-		(error = checkout_get_update_conflicts(data, workdir, &pathspec)) < 0)
+	    (error = checkout_get_update_conflicts(data, workdir, &pathspec)) < 0)
 		goto fail;
 
 	counts[CHECKOUT_ACTION__REMOVE_CONFLICT] = git_vector_length(&data->remove_conflicts);
@@ -1483,7 +1489,9 @@ static int checkout_stream_write(
 static int checkout_stream_close(git_writestream *s)
 {
 	struct checkout_stream *stream = (struct checkout_stream *)s;
-	assert(stream && stream->open);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(stream->open);
 
 	stream->open = 0;
 	return p_close(stream->fd);
@@ -1505,7 +1513,7 @@ static int blob_content_to_file(
 	int flags = data->opts.file_open_flags;
 	mode_t file_mode = data->opts.file_mode ?
 		data->opts.file_mode : entry_filemode;
-	git_filter_options filter_opts = GIT_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT;
+	git_filter_session filter_session = GIT_FILTER_SESSION_INIT;
 	struct checkout_stream writer;
 	mode_t mode;
 	git_filter_list *fl = NULL;
@@ -1528,13 +1536,13 @@ static int blob_content_to_file(
 		return fd;
 	}
 
-	filter_opts.attr_session = &data->attr_session;
-	filter_opts.temp_buf = &data->tmp;
+	filter_session.attr_session = &data->attr_session;
+	filter_session.temp_buf = &data->tmp;
 
 	if (!data->opts.disable_filters &&
-		(error = git_filter_list__load_ext(
+		(error = git_filter_list__load(
 			&fl, data->repo, blob, hint_path,
-			GIT_FILTER_TO_WORKTREE, &filter_opts))) {
+			GIT_FILTER_TO_WORKTREE, &filter_session))) {
 		p_close(fd);
 		return error;
 	}
@@ -1550,7 +1558,7 @@ static int blob_content_to_file(
 
 	error = git_filter_list_stream_blob(fl, blob, &writer.base);
 
-	assert(writer.open == 0);
+	GIT_ASSERT(writer.open == 0);
 
 	git_filter_list_free(fl);
 
@@ -1853,26 +1861,6 @@ static int checkout_remove_the_old(
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int checkout_deferred_remove(git_repository *repo, const char *path)
-{
-#if 0
-	int error = git_futils_rmdir_r(
-		path, data->opts.target_directory, GIT_RMDIR_EMPTY_PARENTS);
-
-	if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND) {
-		error = 0;
-		git_error_clear();
-	}
-
-	return error;
-#else
-	GIT_UNUSED(repo);
-	GIT_UNUSED(path);
-	assert(false);
-	return 0;
-#endif
-}
-
 static int checkout_create_the_new(
 	unsigned int *actions,
 	checkout_data *data)
@@ -1882,15 +1870,6 @@ static int checkout_create_the_new(
 	size_t i;
 
 	git_vector_foreach(&data->diff->deltas, i, delta) {
-		if (actions[i] & CHECKOUT_ACTION__DEFER_REMOVE) {
-			/* this had a blocker directory that should only be removed iff
-			 * all of the contents of the directory were safely removed
-			 */
-			if ((error = checkout_deferred_remove(
-					data->repo, delta->old_file.path)) < 0)
-				return error;
-		}
-
 		if (actions[i] & CHECKOUT_ACTION__UPDATE_BLOB && !S_ISLNK(delta->new_file.mode)) {
 			if ((error = checkout_blob(data, &delta->new_file)) < 0)
 				return error;
@@ -1915,20 +1894,10 @@ static int checkout_create_submodules(
 	unsigned int *actions,
 	checkout_data *data)
 {
-	int error = 0;
 	git_diff_delta *delta;
 	size_t i;
 
 	git_vector_foreach(&data->diff->deltas, i, delta) {
-		if (actions[i] & CHECKOUT_ACTION__DEFER_REMOVE) {
-			/* this has a blocker directory that should only be removed iff
-			 * all of the contents of the directory were safely removed
-			 */
-			if ((error = checkout_deferred_remove(
-					data->repo, delta->old_file.path)) < 0)
-				return error;
-		}
-
 		if (actions[i] & CHECKOUT_ACTION__UPDATE_SUBMODULE) {
 			int error = checkout_submodule(data, &delta->new_file);
 			if (error < 0)
@@ -2011,7 +1980,7 @@ static int checkout_write_entry(
 	struct stat st;
 	int error;
 
-	assert (side == conflict->ours || side == conflict->theirs);
+	GIT_ASSERT(side == conflict->ours || side == conflict->theirs);
 
 	if (checkout_target_fullpath(&fullpath, data, side->path) < 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -2065,7 +2034,8 @@ static int checkout_merge_path(
 	const char *our_label_raw, *their_label_raw, *suffix;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(out, git_repository_workdir(data->repo), result->path)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(out, data->opts.target_directory, result->path)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_path_validate_workdir_buf(data->repo, out)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	/* Most conflicts simply use the filename in the index */
@@ -2094,7 +2064,7 @@ static int checkout_write_merge(
 	git_merge_file_result result = {0};
 	git_filebuf output = GIT_FILEBUF_INIT;
 	git_filter_list *fl = NULL;
-	git_filter_options filter_opts = GIT_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT;
+	git_filter_session filter_session = GIT_FILTER_SESSION_INIT;
 	int error = 0;
 
 	if (data->opts.checkout_strategy & GIT_CHECKOUT_CONFLICT_STYLE_DIFF3)
@@ -2144,13 +2114,13 @@ static int checkout_write_merge(
 		in_data.ptr = (char *)result.ptr;
 		in_data.size = result.len;
 
-		filter_opts.attr_session = &data->attr_session;
-		filter_opts.temp_buf = &data->tmp;
+		filter_session.attr_session = &data->attr_session;
+		filter_session.temp_buf = &data->tmp;
 
-		if ((error = git_filter_list__load_ext(
+		if ((error = git_filter_list__load(
 				&fl, data->repo, NULL, git_buf_cstr(&path_workdir),
-				GIT_FILTER_TO_WORKTREE, &filter_opts)) < 0 ||
-			(error = git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out_data, fl, &in_data)) < 0)
+				GIT_FILTER_TO_WORKTREE, &filter_session)) < 0 ||
+			(error = git_filter_list__convert_buf(&out_data, fl, &in_data)) < 0)
 			goto done;
 	} else {
 		out_data.ptr = (char *)result.ptr;
@@ -2364,6 +2334,22 @@ static void checkout_data_clear(checkout_data *data)
 	git_attr_session__free(&data->attr_session);
 }
 
+static int validate_target_directory(checkout_data *data)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	if ((error = git_path_validate_workdir(data->repo, data->opts.target_directory)) < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	if (git_path_isdir(data->opts.target_directory))
+		return 0;
+
+	error = checkout_mkdir(data, data->opts.target_directory, NULL,
+	                       GIT_DIR_MODE, GIT_MKDIR_VERIFY_DIR);
+
+	return error;
+}
+
 static int checkout_data_init(
 	checkout_data *data,
 	git_iterator *target,
@@ -2396,10 +2382,7 @@ static int checkout_data_init(
 
 	if (!data->opts.target_directory)
 		data->opts.target_directory = git_repository_workdir(repo);
-	else if (!git_path_isdir(data->opts.target_directory) &&
-			 (error = checkout_mkdir(data,
-				data->opts.target_directory, NULL,
-				GIT_DIR_MODE, GIT_MKDIR_VERIFY_DIR)) < 0)
+	else if ((error = validate_target_directory(data)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	if ((error = git_repository_index(&data->index, data->repo)) < 0)
@@ -2520,9 +2503,8 @@ static int checkout_data_init(
 		git_config_entry_free(conflict_style);
 	}
 
-	git_pool_init(&data->pool, 1);
-
-	if ((error = git_vector_init(&data->removes, 0, git__strcmp_cb)) < 0 ||
+	if ((error = git_pool_init(&data->pool, 1)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_vector_init(&data->removes, 0, git__strcmp_cb)) < 0 ||
 	    (error = git_vector_init(&data->remove_conflicts, 0, NULL)) < 0 ||
 	    (error = git_vector_init(&data->update_conflicts, 0, NULL)) < 0 ||
 	    (error = git_buf_puts(&data->target_path, data->opts.target_directory)) < 0 ||
@@ -2544,6 +2526,17 @@ cleanup:
 #define CHECKOUT_INDEX_DONT_WRITE_MASK \
 	(GIT_CHECKOUT_DONT_UPDATE_INDEX | GIT_CHECKOUT_DONT_WRITE_INDEX)
 
+GIT_INLINE(void) setup_pathspecs(
+	git_iterator_options *iter_opts,
+	const git_checkout_options *checkout_opts)
+{
+	if (checkout_opts &&
+		(checkout_opts->checkout_strategy & GIT_CHECKOUT_DISABLE_PATHSPEC_MATCH)) {
+		iter_opts->pathlist.count = checkout_opts->paths.count;
+		iter_opts->pathlist.strings = checkout_opts->paths.strings;
+	}
+}
+
 int git_checkout_iterator(
 	git_iterator *target,
 	git_index *index,
@@ -2586,6 +2579,8 @@ int git_checkout_iterator(
 	workdir_opts.start = data.pfx;
 	workdir_opts.end = data.pfx;
 
+	setup_pathspecs(&workdir_opts, opts);
+
 	if ((error = git_iterator_reset_range(target, data.pfx, data.pfx)) < 0 ||
 		(error = git_iterator_for_workdir_ext(
 			&workdir, data.repo, data.opts.target_directory, index, NULL,
@@ -2596,10 +2591,8 @@ int git_checkout_iterator(
 		GIT_ITERATOR_IGNORE_CASE : GIT_ITERATOR_DONT_IGNORE_CASE;
 	baseline_opts.start = data.pfx;
 	baseline_opts.end = data.pfx;
-	if (opts && (opts->checkout_strategy & GIT_CHECKOUT_DISABLE_PATHSPEC_MATCH)) {
-		baseline_opts.pathlist.count = opts->paths.count;
-		baseline_opts.pathlist.strings = opts->paths.strings;
-	}
+
+	setup_pathspecs(&baseline_opts, opts);
 
 	if (data.opts.baseline_index) {
 		if ((error = git_iterator_for_index(
@@ -2613,7 +2606,7 @@ int git_checkout_iterator(
 	}
 
 	/* Should not have case insensitivity mismatch */
-	assert(git_iterator_ignore_case(workdir) == git_iterator_ignore_case(baseline));
+	GIT_ASSERT(git_iterator_ignore_case(workdir) == git_iterator_ignore_case(baseline));
 
 	/* Generate baseline-to-target diff which will include an entry for
 	 * every possible update that might need to be made.
@@ -2664,7 +2657,7 @@ int git_checkout_iterator(
 		(error = checkout_extensions_update_index(&data)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
-	assert(data.completed_steps == data.total_steps);
+	GIT_ASSERT(data.completed_steps == data.total_steps);
 
 	if (data.opts.perfdata_cb)
 		data.opts.perfdata_cb(&data.perfdata, data.opts.perfdata_payload);
@@ -2689,6 +2682,7 @@ int git_checkout_index(
 	git_index *index,
 	const git_checkout_options *opts)
 {
+	git_iterator_options iter_opts = GIT_ITERATOR_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	int error, owned = 0;
 	git_iterator *index_i;
 
@@ -2716,7 +2710,9 @@ int git_checkout_index(
 		return error;
 	GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(index);
 
-	if (!(error = git_iterator_for_index(&index_i, repo, index, NULL)))
+	setup_pathspecs(&iter_opts, opts);
+
+	if (!(error = git_iterator_for_index(&index_i, repo, index, &iter_opts)))
 		error = git_checkout_iterator(index_i, index, opts);
 
 	if (owned)
@@ -2773,10 +2769,7 @@ int git_checkout_tree(
 	if ((error = git_repository_index(&index, repo)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
-	if (opts && (opts->checkout_strategy & GIT_CHECKOUT_DISABLE_PATHSPEC_MATCH)) {
-		iter_opts.pathlist.count = opts->paths.count;
-		iter_opts.pathlist.strings = opts->paths.strings;
-	}
+	setup_pathspecs(&iter_opts, opts);
 
 	if (!(error = git_iterator_for_tree(&tree_i, tree, &iter_opts)))
 		error = git_checkout_iterator(tree_i, index, opts);
@@ -2792,7 +2785,8 @@ int git_checkout_head(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	const git_checkout_options *opts)
 {
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+
 	return git_checkout_tree(repo, NULL, opts);
 }
 
@@ -2803,7 +2797,9 @@ int git_checkout_options_init(git_checkout_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_checkout_init_options(git_checkout_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_checkout_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/cherrypick.c b/src/cherrypick.c
index 640d11a..4287956 100644
--- a/src/cherrypick.c
+++ b/src/cherrypick.c
@@ -126,7 +126,10 @@ int git_cherrypick_commit(
 	git_tree *parent_tree = NULL, *our_tree = NULL, *cherrypick_tree = NULL;
 	int parent = 0, error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && repo && cherrypick_commit && our_commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cherrypick_commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(our_commit);
 
 	if (git_commit_parentcount(cherrypick_commit) > 1) {
 		if (!mainline)
@@ -177,7 +180,8 @@ int git_cherrypick(
 	git_indexwriter indexwriter = GIT_INDEXWRITER_INIT;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(repo && commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(commit);
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(given_opts, GIT_CHERRYPICK_OPTIONS_VERSION, "git_cherrypick_options");
 
@@ -229,8 +233,10 @@ int git_cherrypick_options_init(
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_cherrypick_init_options(
 	git_cherrypick_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_cherrypick_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/clone.c b/src/clone.c
index 3d749c3..e29a4aa 100644
--- a/src/clone.c
+++ b/src/clone.c
@@ -137,6 +137,80 @@ static int update_head_to_new_branch(
 	return error;
 }
 
+static int update_head_to_default(git_repository *repo)
+{
+	git_buf initialbranch = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	const char *branch_name;
+	int error = 0;
+
+	if ((error = git_repository_initialbranch(&initialbranch, repo)) < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (git__prefixcmp(initialbranch.ptr, GIT_REFS_HEADS_DIR) != 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "invalid initial branch '%s'", initialbranch.ptr);
+		error = -1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	branch_name = initialbranch.ptr + strlen(GIT_REFS_HEADS_DIR);
+
+	error = setup_tracking_config(repo, branch_name, GIT_REMOTE_ORIGIN,
+		initialbranch.ptr);
+
+done:
+	git_buf_dispose(&initialbranch);
+	return error;
+}
+
+static int update_remote_head(
+	git_repository *repo,
+	git_remote *remote,
+	git_buf *target,
+	const char *reflog_message)
+{
+	git_refspec *refspec;
+	git_reference *remote_head = NULL;
+	git_buf remote_head_name = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_buf remote_branch_name = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	int error;
+
+	/* Determine the remote tracking ref name from the local branch */
+	refspec = git_remote__matching_refspec(remote, git_buf_cstr(target));
+
+	if (refspec == NULL) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_NET, "the remote's default branch does not fit the refspec configuration");
+		error = GIT_EINVALIDSPEC;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	if ((error = git_refspec_transform(
+		&remote_branch_name,
+		refspec,
+		git_buf_cstr(target))) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_printf(&remote_head_name,
+		"%s%s/%s",
+		GIT_REFS_REMOTES_DIR,
+		git_remote_name(remote),
+		GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	error = git_reference_symbolic_create(
+		&remote_head,
+		repo,
+		git_buf_cstr(&remote_head_name),
+		git_buf_cstr(&remote_branch_name),
+		true,
+		reflog_message);
+
+cleanup:
+	git_reference_free(remote_head);
+	git_buf_dispose(&remote_branch_name);
+	git_buf_dispose(&remote_head_name);
+	return error;
+}
+
 static int update_head_to_remote(
 		git_repository *repo,
 		git_remote *remote,
@@ -144,10 +218,8 @@ static int update_head_to_remote(
 {
 	int error = 0;
 	size_t refs_len;
-	git_refspec *refspec;
 	const git_remote_head *remote_head, **refs;
 	const git_oid *remote_head_id;
-	git_buf remote_master_name = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_buf branch = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
 	if ((error = git_remote_ls(&refs, &refs_len, remote)) < 0)
@@ -155,12 +227,11 @@ static int update_head_to_remote(
 
 	/* We cloned an empty repository or one with an unborn HEAD */
 	if (refs_len == 0 || strcmp(refs[0]->name, GIT_HEAD_FILE))
-		return setup_tracking_config(
-			repo, "master", GIT_REMOTE_ORIGIN, GIT_REFS_HEADS_MASTER_FILE);
+		return update_head_to_default(repo);
 
 	/* We know we have HEAD, let's see where it points */
 	remote_head = refs[0];
-	assert(remote_head);
+	GIT_ASSERT(remote_head);
 
 	remote_head_id = &remote_head->oid;
 
@@ -171,19 +242,7 @@ static int update_head_to_remote(
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
-	refspec = git_remote__matching_refspec(remote, git_buf_cstr(&branch));
-
-	if (refspec == NULL) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_NET, "the remote's default branch does not fit the refspec configuration");
-		error = GIT_EINVALIDSPEC;
-		goto cleanup;
-	}
-
-	/* Determine the remote tracking reference name from the local master */
-	if ((error = git_refspec_transform(
-		&remote_master_name,
-		refspec,
-		git_buf_cstr(&branch))) < 0)
+	if ((error = update_remote_head(repo, remote, &branch, reflog_message)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	error = update_head_to_new_branch(
@@ -193,7 +252,6 @@ static int update_head_to_remote(
 		reflog_message);
 
 cleanup:
-	git_buf_dispose(&remote_master_name);
 	git_buf_dispose(&branch);
 
 	return error;
@@ -201,29 +259,41 @@ cleanup:
 
 static int update_head_to_branch(
 		git_repository *repo,
-		const char *remote_name,
+		git_remote *remote,
 		const char *branch,
 		const char *reflog_message)
 {
 	int retcode;
 	git_buf remote_branch_name = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_reference* remote_ref = NULL;
+	git_buf default_branch = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	assert(remote_name && branch);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(branch);
 
 	if ((retcode = git_buf_printf(&remote_branch_name, GIT_REFS_REMOTES_DIR "%s/%s",
-		remote_name, branch)) < 0 )
+		git_remote_name(remote), branch)) < 0 )
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	if ((retcode = git_reference_lookup(&remote_ref, repo, git_buf_cstr(&remote_branch_name))) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
-	retcode = update_head_to_new_branch(repo, git_reference_target(remote_ref), branch,
-			reflog_message);
+	if ((retcode = update_head_to_new_branch(repo, git_reference_target(remote_ref), branch,
+			reflog_message)) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	if ((retcode = git_remote_default_branch(&default_branch, remote)) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	if (!git_remote__matching_refspec(remote, git_buf_cstr(&default_branch)))
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	retcode = update_remote_head(repo, remote, &default_branch, reflog_message);
 
 cleanup:
 	git_reference_free(remote_ref);
 	git_buf_dispose(&remote_branch_name);
+	git_buf_dispose(&default_branch);
 	return retcode;
 }
 
@@ -308,8 +378,7 @@ static int checkout_branch(git_repository *repo, git_remote *remote, const git_c
 	int error;
 
 	if (branch)
-		error = update_head_to_branch(repo, git_remote_name(remote), branch,
-				reflog_message);
+		error = update_head_to_branch(repo, remote, branch, reflog_message);
 	/* Point HEAD to the same ref as the remote's head */
 	else
 		error = update_head_to_remote(repo, remote, reflog_message);
@@ -327,7 +396,8 @@ static int clone_into(git_repository *repo, git_remote *_remote, const git_fetch
 	git_fetch_options fetch_opts;
 	git_remote *remote;
 
-	assert(repo && _remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(_remote);
 
 	if (!git_repository_is_empty(repo)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "the repository is not empty");
@@ -394,7 +464,9 @@ static int git__clone(
 	uint32_t rmdir_flags = GIT_RMDIR_REMOVE_FILES;
 	git_repository_create_cb repository_cb;
 
-	assert(out && url && local_path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(url);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(local_path);
 
 	if (_options)
 		memcpy(&options, _options, sizeof(git_clone_options));
@@ -479,10 +551,12 @@ int git_clone_options_init(git_clone_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_clone_init_options(git_clone_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_clone_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 static bool can_link(const char *src, const char *dst, int link)
 {
@@ -515,7 +589,8 @@ static int clone_local_into(git_repository *repo, git_remote *remote, const git_
 	git_buf src_odb = GIT_BUF_INIT, dst_odb = GIT_BUF_INIT, src_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_buf reflog_message = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	assert(repo && remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
 
 	if (!git_repository_is_empty(repo)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "the repository is not empty");
diff --git a/src/commit.c b/src/commit.c
index cf9902d..96259d5 100644
--- a/src/commit.c
+++ b/src/commit.c
@@ -53,7 +53,8 @@ static int git_commit__create_buffer_internal(
 	size_t i = 0;
 	const git_oid *parent;
 
-	assert(out && tree);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tree);
 
 	git_oid__writebuf(out, "tree ", tree);
 
@@ -229,7 +230,8 @@ int git_commit_create_v(
 	int error = 0;
 	commit_parent_varargs data;
 
-	assert(tree && git_tree_owner(tree) == repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tree);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(git_tree_owner(tree) == repo);
 
 	data.total = parent_count;
 	va_start(data.args, parent_count);
@@ -306,7 +308,8 @@ int git_commit_create(
 {
 	commit_parent_data data = { parent_count, parents, repo };
 
-	assert(tree && git_tree_owner(tree) == repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tree);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(git_tree_owner(tree) == repo);
 
 	return git_commit__create_internal(
 		id, repo, update_ref, author, committer,
@@ -337,7 +340,8 @@ int git_commit_amend(
 	git_reference *ref;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(id && commit_to_amend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(commit_to_amend);
 
 	repo = git_commit_owner(commit_to_amend);
 
@@ -356,7 +360,7 @@ int git_commit_amend(
 		git_oid_cpy(&tree_id, git_tree_id(old_tree));
 		git_tree_free(old_tree);
 	} else {
-		assert(git_tree_owner(tree) == repo);
+		GIT_ASSERT_ARG(git_tree_owner(tree) == repo);
 		git_oid_cpy(&tree_id, git_tree_id(tree));
 	}
 
@@ -392,7 +396,8 @@ static int commit_parse(git_commit *commit, const char *data, size_t size, unsig
 	size_t header_len;
 	git_signature dummy_sig;
 
-	assert(commit && data);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(data);
 
 	buffer = buffer_start;
 
@@ -506,28 +511,28 @@ int git_commit__parse(void *_commit, git_odb_object *odb_obj)
 	return git_commit__parse_ext(_commit, odb_obj, 0);
 }
 
-#define GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(_rvalue, _name, _return) \
+#define GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(_rvalue, _name, _return, _invalid) \
 	_rvalue git_commit_##_name(const git_commit *commit) \
 	{\
-		assert(commit); \
+		GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(commit, _invalid); \
 		return _return; \
 	}
 
-GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(const git_signature *, author, commit->author)
-GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(const git_signature *, committer, commit->committer)
-GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(const char *, message_raw, commit->raw_message)
-GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(const char *, message_encoding, commit->message_encoding)
-GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(const char *, raw_header, commit->raw_header)
-GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(git_time_t, time, commit->committer->when.time)
-GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(int, time_offset, commit->committer->when.offset)
-GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(unsigned int, parentcount, (unsigned int)git_array_size(commit->parent_ids))
-GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(const git_oid *, tree_id, &commit->tree_id)
+GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(const git_signature *, author, commit->author, NULL)
+GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(const git_signature *, committer, commit->committer, NULL)
+GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(const char *, message_raw, commit->raw_message, NULL)
+GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(const char *, message_encoding, commit->message_encoding, NULL)
+GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(const char *, raw_header, commit->raw_header, NULL)
+GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(git_time_t, time, commit->committer->when.time, INT64_MIN)
+GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(int, time_offset, commit->committer->when.offset, -1)
+GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(unsigned int, parentcount, (unsigned int)git_array_size(commit->parent_ids), 0)
+GIT_COMMIT_GETTER(const git_oid *, tree_id, &commit->tree_id, NULL)
 
 const char *git_commit_message(const git_commit *commit)
 {
 	const char *message;
 
-	assert(commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(commit, NULL);
 
 	message = commit->raw_message;
 
@@ -544,7 +549,7 @@ const char *git_commit_summary(git_commit *commit)
 	const char *msg, *space;
 	bool space_contains_newline = false;
 
-	assert(commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(commit, NULL);
 
 	if (!commit->summary) {
 		for (msg = git_commit_message(commit), space = NULL; *msg; ++msg) {
@@ -587,7 +592,7 @@ const char *git_commit_body(git_commit *commit)
 {
 	const char *msg, *end;
 
-	assert(commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(commit, NULL);
 
 	if (!commit->body) {
 		/* search for end of summary */
@@ -612,14 +617,14 @@ const char *git_commit_body(git_commit *commit)
 
 int git_commit_tree(git_tree **tree_out, const git_commit *commit)
 {
-	assert(commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(commit);
 	return git_tree_lookup(tree_out, commit->object.repo, &commit->tree_id);
 }
 
 const git_oid *git_commit_parent_id(
 	const git_commit *commit, unsigned int n)
 {
-	assert(commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(commit, NULL);
 
 	return git_array_get(commit->parent_ids, n);
 }
@@ -628,7 +633,7 @@ int git_commit_parent(
 	git_commit **parent, const git_commit *commit, unsigned int n)
 {
 	const git_oid *parent_id;
-	assert(commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(commit);
 
 	parent_id = git_commit_parent_id(commit, n);
 	if (parent_id == NULL) {
@@ -647,7 +652,8 @@ int git_commit_nth_gen_ancestor(
 	git_commit *current, *parent = NULL;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(ancestor && commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ancestor);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(commit);
 
 	if (git_commit_dup(&current, (git_commit *)commit) < 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -840,7 +846,8 @@ int git_commit_create_buffer(git_buf *out,
 	git_array_oid_t parents_arr = GIT_ARRAY_INIT;
 	const git_oid *tree_id;
 
-	assert(tree && git_tree_owner(tree) == repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tree);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(git_tree_owner(tree) == repo);
 
 	tree_id = git_tree_id(tree);
 
@@ -859,11 +866,13 @@ int git_commit_create_buffer(git_buf *out,
 /**
  * Append to 'out' properly marking continuations when there's a newline in 'content'
  */
-static void format_header_field(git_buf *out, const char *field, const char *content)
+static int format_header_field(git_buf *out, const char *field, const char *content)
 {
 	const char *lf;
 
-	assert(out && field && content);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(field);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(content);
 
 	git_buf_puts(out, field);
 	git_buf_putc(out, ' ');
@@ -876,6 +885,8 @@ static void format_header_field(git_buf *out, const char *field, const char *con
 
 	git_buf_puts(out, content);
 	git_buf_putc(out, '\n');
+
+	return git_buf_oom(out) ? -1 : 0;
 }
 
 static const git_oid *commit_parent_from_commit(size_t n, void *payload)
@@ -926,7 +937,9 @@ int git_commit_create_with_signature(
 
 	if (signature != NULL) {
 		field = signature_field ? signature_field : "gpgsig";
-		format_header_field(&commit, field, signature);
+
+		if ((error = format_header_field(&commit, field, signature)) < 0)
+			goto cleanup;
 	}
 
 	git_buf_puts(&commit, header_end);
diff --git a/src/commit_graph.c b/src/commit_graph.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5569256
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/commit_graph.c
@@ -0,0 +1,549 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include "commit_graph.h"
+
+#include "futils.h"
+#include "hash.h"
+#include "pack.h"
+
+#define GIT_COMMIT_GRAPH_MISSING_PARENT 0x70000000
+
+#define COMMIT_GRAPH_SIGNATURE 0x43475048 /* "CGPH" */
+#define COMMIT_GRAPH_VERSION 1
+#define COMMIT_GRAPH_OBJECT_ID_VERSION 1
+struct git_commit_graph_header {
+	uint32_t signature;
+	uint8_t version;
+	uint8_t object_id_version;
+	uint8_t chunks;
+	uint8_t base_graph_files;
+};
+
+#define COMMIT_GRAPH_OID_FANOUT_ID 0x4f494446	      /* "OIDF" */
+#define COMMIT_GRAPH_OID_LOOKUP_ID 0x4f49444c	      /* "OIDL" */
+#define COMMIT_GRAPH_COMMIT_DATA_ID 0x43444154	      /* "CDAT" */
+#define COMMIT_GRAPH_EXTRA_EDGE_LIST_ID 0x45444745    /* "EDGE" */
+#define COMMIT_GRAPH_BLOOM_FILTER_INDEX_ID 0x42494458 /* "BIDX" */
+#define COMMIT_GRAPH_BLOOM_FILTER_DATA_ID 0x42444154  /* "BDAT" */
+
+struct git_commit_graph_chunk {
+	off64_t offset;
+	size_t length;
+};
+
+static int commit_graph_error(const char *message)
+{
+	git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "invalid commit-graph file - %s", message);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int commit_graph_parse_oid_fanout(
+		git_commit_graph_file *file,
+		const unsigned char *data,
+		struct git_commit_graph_chunk *chunk_oid_fanout)
+{
+	uint32_t i, nr;
+	if (chunk_oid_fanout->offset == 0)
+		return commit_graph_error("missing OID Fanout chunk");
+	if (chunk_oid_fanout->length == 0)
+		return commit_graph_error("empty OID Fanout chunk");
+	if (chunk_oid_fanout->length != 256 * 4)
+		return commit_graph_error("OID Fanout chunk has wrong length");
+
+	file->oid_fanout = (const uint32_t *)(data + chunk_oid_fanout->offset);
+	nr = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
+		uint32_t n = ntohl(file->oid_fanout[i]);
+		if (n < nr)
+			return commit_graph_error("index is non-monotonic");
+		nr = n;
+	}
+	file->num_commits = nr;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int commit_graph_parse_oid_lookup(
+		git_commit_graph_file *file,
+		const unsigned char *data,
+		struct git_commit_graph_chunk *chunk_oid_lookup)
+{
+	uint32_t i;
+	git_oid *oid, *prev_oid, zero_oid = {{0}};
+
+	if (chunk_oid_lookup->offset == 0)
+		return commit_graph_error("missing OID Lookup chunk");
+	if (chunk_oid_lookup->length == 0)
+		return commit_graph_error("empty OID Lookup chunk");
+	if (chunk_oid_lookup->length != file->num_commits * GIT_OID_RAWSZ)
+		return commit_graph_error("OID Lookup chunk has wrong length");
+
+	file->oid_lookup = oid = (git_oid *)(data + chunk_oid_lookup->offset);
+	prev_oid = &zero_oid;
+	for (i = 0; i < file->num_commits; ++i, ++oid) {
+		if (git_oid_cmp(prev_oid, oid) >= 0)
+			return commit_graph_error("OID Lookup index is non-monotonic");
+		prev_oid = oid;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int commit_graph_parse_commit_data(
+		git_commit_graph_file *file,
+		const unsigned char *data,
+		struct git_commit_graph_chunk *chunk_commit_data)
+{
+	if (chunk_commit_data->offset == 0)
+		return commit_graph_error("missing Commit Data chunk");
+	if (chunk_commit_data->length == 0)
+		return commit_graph_error("empty Commit Data chunk");
+	if (chunk_commit_data->length != file->num_commits * (GIT_OID_RAWSZ + 16))
+		return commit_graph_error("Commit Data chunk has wrong length");
+
+	file->commit_data = data + chunk_commit_data->offset;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int commit_graph_parse_extra_edge_list(
+		git_commit_graph_file *file,
+		const unsigned char *data,
+		struct git_commit_graph_chunk *chunk_extra_edge_list)
+{
+	if (chunk_extra_edge_list->length == 0)
+		return 0;
+	if (chunk_extra_edge_list->length % 4 != 0)
+		return commit_graph_error("malformed Extra Edge List chunk");
+
+	file->extra_edge_list = data + chunk_extra_edge_list->offset;
+	file->num_extra_edge_list = chunk_extra_edge_list->length / 4;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_commit_graph_file_parse(
+		git_commit_graph_file *file,
+		const unsigned char *data,
+		size_t size)
+{
+	struct git_commit_graph_header *hdr;
+	const unsigned char *chunk_hdr;
+	struct git_commit_graph_chunk *last_chunk;
+	uint32_t i;
+	off64_t last_chunk_offset, chunk_offset, trailer_offset;
+	git_oid cgraph_checksum = {{0}};
+	int error;
+	struct git_commit_graph_chunk chunk_oid_fanout = {0}, chunk_oid_lookup = {0},
+				      chunk_commit_data = {0}, chunk_extra_edge_list = {0},
+				      chunk_unsupported = {0};
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file);
+
+	if (size < sizeof(struct git_commit_graph_header) + GIT_OID_RAWSZ)
+		return commit_graph_error("commit-graph is too short");
+
+	hdr = ((struct git_commit_graph_header *)data);
+
+	if (hdr->signature != htonl(COMMIT_GRAPH_SIGNATURE) || hdr->version != COMMIT_GRAPH_VERSION
+	    || hdr->object_id_version != COMMIT_GRAPH_OBJECT_ID_VERSION) {
+		return commit_graph_error("unsupported commit-graph version");
+	}
+	if (hdr->chunks == 0)
+		return commit_graph_error("no chunks in commit-graph");
+
+	/*
+	 * The very first chunk's offset should be after the header, all the chunk
+	 * headers, and a special zero chunk.
+	 */
+	last_chunk_offset = sizeof(struct git_commit_graph_header) + (1 + hdr->chunks) * 12;
+	trailer_offset = size - GIT_OID_RAWSZ;
+	if (trailer_offset < last_chunk_offset)
+		return commit_graph_error("wrong commit-graph size");
+	git_oid_cpy(&file->checksum, (git_oid *)(data + trailer_offset));
+
+	if (git_hash_buf(&cgraph_checksum, data, (size_t)trailer_offset) < 0)
+		return commit_graph_error("could not calculate signature");
+	if (!git_oid_equal(&cgraph_checksum, &file->checksum))
+		return commit_graph_error("index signature mismatch");
+
+	chunk_hdr = data + sizeof(struct git_commit_graph_header);
+	last_chunk = NULL;
+	for (i = 0; i < hdr->chunks; ++i, chunk_hdr += 12) {
+		chunk_offset = ((off64_t)ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(chunk_hdr + 4)))) << 32
+				| ((off64_t)ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(chunk_hdr + 8))));
+		if (chunk_offset < last_chunk_offset)
+			return commit_graph_error("chunks are non-monotonic");
+		if (chunk_offset >= trailer_offset)
+			return commit_graph_error("chunks extend beyond the trailer");
+		if (last_chunk != NULL)
+			last_chunk->length = (size_t)(chunk_offset - last_chunk_offset);
+		last_chunk_offset = chunk_offset;
+
+		switch (ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(chunk_hdr + 0)))) {
+		case COMMIT_GRAPH_OID_FANOUT_ID:
+			chunk_oid_fanout.offset = last_chunk_offset;
+			last_chunk = &chunk_oid_fanout;
+			break;
+
+		case COMMIT_GRAPH_OID_LOOKUP_ID:
+			chunk_oid_lookup.offset = last_chunk_offset;
+			last_chunk = &chunk_oid_lookup;
+			break;
+
+		case COMMIT_GRAPH_COMMIT_DATA_ID:
+			chunk_commit_data.offset = last_chunk_offset;
+			last_chunk = &chunk_commit_data;
+			break;
+
+		case COMMIT_GRAPH_EXTRA_EDGE_LIST_ID:
+			chunk_extra_edge_list.offset = last_chunk_offset;
+			last_chunk = &chunk_extra_edge_list;
+			break;
+
+		case COMMIT_GRAPH_BLOOM_FILTER_INDEX_ID:
+		case COMMIT_GRAPH_BLOOM_FILTER_DATA_ID:
+			chunk_unsupported.offset = last_chunk_offset;
+			last_chunk = &chunk_unsupported;
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			return commit_graph_error("unrecognized chunk ID");
+		}
+	}
+	last_chunk->length = (size_t)(trailer_offset - last_chunk_offset);
+
+	error = commit_graph_parse_oid_fanout(file, data, &chunk_oid_fanout);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	error = commit_graph_parse_oid_lookup(file, data, &chunk_oid_lookup);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	error = commit_graph_parse_commit_data(file, data, &chunk_commit_data);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	error = commit_graph_parse_extra_edge_list(file, data, &chunk_extra_edge_list);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_commit_graph_new(git_commit_graph **cgraph_out, const char *objects_dir, bool open_file)
+{
+	git_commit_graph *cgraph = NULL;
+	int error = 0;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cgraph_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(objects_dir);
+
+	cgraph = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_commit_graph));
+	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(cgraph);
+
+	error = git_buf_joinpath(&cgraph->filename, objects_dir, "info/commit-graph");
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	if (open_file) {
+		error = git_commit_graph_file_open(&cgraph->file, git_buf_cstr(&cgraph->filename));
+		if (error < 0)
+			goto error;
+		cgraph->checked = 1;
+	}
+
+	*cgraph_out = cgraph;
+	return 0;
+
+error:
+	git_commit_graph_free(cgraph);
+	return error;
+}
+
+int git_commit_graph_open(git_commit_graph **cgraph_out, const char *objects_dir)
+{
+	return git_commit_graph_new(cgraph_out, objects_dir, true);
+}
+
+int git_commit_graph_file_open(git_commit_graph_file **file_out, const char *path)
+{
+	git_commit_graph_file *file;
+	git_file fd = -1;
+	size_t cgraph_size;
+	struct stat st;
+	int error;
+
+	/* TODO: properly open the file without access time using O_NOATIME */
+	fd = git_futils_open_ro(path);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return fd;
+
+	if (p_fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
+		p_close(fd);
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "commit-graph file not found - '%s'", path);
+		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+	}
+
+	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || !git__is_sizet(st.st_size)) {
+		p_close(fd);
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "invalid pack index '%s'", path);
+		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+	}
+	cgraph_size = (size_t)st.st_size;
+
+	file = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_commit_graph_file));
+	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(file);
+
+	error = git_futils_mmap_ro(&file->graph_map, fd, 0, cgraph_size);
+	p_close(fd);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		git_commit_graph_file_free(file);
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	if ((error = git_commit_graph_file_parse(file, file->graph_map.data, cgraph_size)) < 0) {
+		git_commit_graph_file_free(file);
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	*file_out = file;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_commit_graph_get_file(git_commit_graph_file **file_out, git_commit_graph *cgraph)
+{
+	if (!cgraph->checked) {
+		int error = 0;
+		git_commit_graph_file *result = NULL;
+
+		/* We only check once, no matter the result. */
+		cgraph->checked = 1;
+
+		/* Best effort */
+		error = git_commit_graph_file_open(&result, git_buf_cstr(&cgraph->filename));
+
+		if (error < 0)
+			return error;
+
+		cgraph->file = result;
+	}
+	if (!cgraph->file)
+		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+
+	*file_out = cgraph->file;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void git_commit_graph_refresh(git_commit_graph *cgraph)
+{
+	if (!cgraph->checked)
+		return;
+
+	if (cgraph->file
+	    && git_commit_graph_file_needs_refresh(cgraph->file, git_buf_cstr(&cgraph->filename))) {
+		/* We just free the commit graph. The next time it is requested, it will be
+		 * re-loaded. */
+		git_commit_graph_file_free(cgraph->file);
+		cgraph->file = NULL;
+	}
+	/* Force a lazy re-check next time it is needed. */
+	cgraph->checked = 0;
+}
+
+static int git_commit_graph_entry_get_byindex(
+		git_commit_graph_entry *e,
+		const git_commit_graph_file *file,
+		size_t pos)
+{
+	const unsigned char *commit_data;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(e);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file);
+
+	if (pos >= file->num_commits) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "commit index %zu does not exist", pos);
+		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+	}
+
+	commit_data = file->commit_data + pos * (GIT_OID_RAWSZ + 4 * sizeof(uint32_t));
+	git_oid_cpy(&e->tree_oid, (const git_oid *)commit_data);
+	e->parent_indices[0] = ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(commit_data + GIT_OID_RAWSZ)));
+	e->parent_indices[1]
+			= ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(commit_data + GIT_OID_RAWSZ + sizeof(uint32_t))));
+	e->parent_count = (e->parent_indices[0] != GIT_COMMIT_GRAPH_MISSING_PARENT)
+			+ (e->parent_indices[1] != GIT_COMMIT_GRAPH_MISSING_PARENT);
+	e->generation = ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(commit_data + GIT_OID_RAWSZ + 2 * sizeof(uint32_t))));
+	e->commit_time = ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(commit_data + GIT_OID_RAWSZ + 3 * sizeof(uint32_t))));
+
+	e->commit_time |= (e->generation & UINT64_C(0x3)) << UINT64_C(32);
+	e->generation >>= 2u;
+	if (e->parent_indices[1] & 0x80000000u) {
+		uint32_t extra_edge_list_pos = e->parent_indices[1] & 0x7fffffff;
+
+		/* Make sure we're not being sent out of bounds */
+		if (extra_edge_list_pos >= file->num_extra_edge_list) {
+			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID,
+				      "commit %u does not exist",
+				      extra_edge_list_pos);
+			return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+		}
+
+		e->extra_parents_index = extra_edge_list_pos;
+		while (extra_edge_list_pos < file->num_extra_edge_list
+		       && (ntohl(*(
+					   (uint32_t *)(file->extra_edge_list
+							+ extra_edge_list_pos * sizeof(uint32_t))))
+			   & 0x80000000u)
+				       == 0) {
+			extra_edge_list_pos++;
+			e->parent_count++;
+		}
+
+	}
+	git_oid_cpy(&e->sha1, &file->oid_lookup[pos]);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+bool git_commit_graph_file_needs_refresh(const git_commit_graph_file *file, const char *path)
+{
+	git_file fd = -1;
+	struct stat st;
+	ssize_t bytes_read;
+	git_oid cgraph_checksum = {{0}};
+
+	/* TODO: properly open the file without access time using O_NOATIME */
+	fd = git_futils_open_ro(path);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return true;
+
+	if (p_fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
+		p_close(fd);
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || !git__is_sizet(st.st_size)
+	    || (size_t)st.st_size != file->graph_map.len) {
+		p_close(fd);
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	bytes_read = p_pread(fd, cgraph_checksum.id, GIT_OID_RAWSZ, st.st_size - GIT_OID_RAWSZ);
+	p_close(fd);
+	if (bytes_read != GIT_OID_RAWSZ)
+		return true;
+
+	return !git_oid_equal(&cgraph_checksum, &file->checksum);
+}
+
+int git_commit_graph_entry_find(
+		git_commit_graph_entry *e,
+		const git_commit_graph_file *file,
+		const git_oid *short_oid,
+		size_t len)
+{
+	int pos, found = 0;
+	uint32_t hi, lo;
+	const git_oid *current = NULL;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(e);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(short_oid);
+
+	hi = ntohl(file->oid_fanout[(int)short_oid->id[0]]);
+	lo = ((short_oid->id[0] == 0x0) ? 0 : ntohl(file->oid_fanout[(int)short_oid->id[0] - 1]));
+
+	pos = git_pack__lookup_sha1(file->oid_lookup, GIT_OID_RAWSZ, lo, hi, short_oid->id);
+
+	if (pos >= 0) {
+		/* An object matching exactly the oid was found */
+		found = 1;
+		current = file->oid_lookup + pos;
+	} else {
+		/* No object was found */
+		/* pos refers to the object with the "closest" oid to short_oid */
+		pos = -1 - pos;
+		if (pos < (int)file->num_commits) {
+			current = file->oid_lookup + pos;
+
+			if (!git_oid_ncmp(short_oid, current, len))
+				found = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (found && len != GIT_OID_HEXSZ && pos + 1 < (int)file->num_commits) {
+		/* Check for ambiguousity */
+		const git_oid *next = current + 1;
+
+		if (!git_oid_ncmp(short_oid, next, len)) {
+			found = 2;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!found)
+		return git_odb__error_notfound(
+				"failed to find offset for commit-graph index entry", short_oid, len);
+	if (found > 1)
+		return git_odb__error_ambiguous(
+				"found multiple offsets for commit-graph index entry");
+
+	return git_commit_graph_entry_get_byindex(e, file, pos);
+}
+
+int git_commit_graph_entry_parent(
+		git_commit_graph_entry *parent,
+		const git_commit_graph_file *file,
+		const git_commit_graph_entry *entry,
+		size_t n)
+{
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(parent);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file);
+
+	if (n >= entry->parent_count) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "parent index %zu does not exist", n);
+		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+	}
+
+	if (n == 0 || (n == 1 && entry->parent_count == 2))
+		return git_commit_graph_entry_get_byindex(parent, file, entry->parent_indices[n]);
+
+	return git_commit_graph_entry_get_byindex(
+			parent,
+			file,
+			ntohl(
+					*(uint32_t *)(file->extra_edge_list
+						      + (entry->extra_parents_index + n - 1)
+								      * sizeof(uint32_t)))
+					& 0x7fffffff);
+}
+
+int git_commit_graph_file_close(git_commit_graph_file *file)
+{
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file);
+
+	if (file->graph_map.data)
+		git_futils_mmap_free(&file->graph_map);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void git_commit_graph_free(git_commit_graph *cgraph)
+{
+	if (!cgraph)
+		return;
+
+	git_buf_dispose(&cgraph->filename);
+	git_commit_graph_file_free(cgraph->file);
+	git__free(cgraph);
+}
+
+void git_commit_graph_file_free(git_commit_graph_file *file)
+{
+	if (!file)
+		return;
+
+	git_commit_graph_file_close(file);
+	git__free(file);
+}
diff --git a/src/commit_graph.h b/src/commit_graph.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5e3ea1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/commit_graph.h
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#ifndef INCLUDE_commit_graph_h__
+#define INCLUDE_commit_graph_h__
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+#include "git2/types.h"
+#include "git2/sys/commit_graph.h"
+
+#include "map.h"
+
+/**
+ * A commit-graph file.
+ *
+ * This file contains metadata about commits, particularly the generation
+ * number for each one. This can help speed up graph operations without
+ * requiring a full graph traversal.
+ *
+ * Support for this feature was added in git 2.19.
+ */
+typedef struct git_commit_graph_file {
+	git_map graph_map;
+
+	/* The OID Fanout table. */
+	const uint32_t *oid_fanout;
+	/* The total number of commits in the graph. */
+	uint32_t num_commits;
+
+	/* The OID Lookup table. */
+	git_oid *oid_lookup;
+
+	/*
+	 * The Commit Data table. Each entry contains the OID of the commit followed
+	 * by two 8-byte fields in network byte order:
+	 * - The indices of the first two parents (32 bits each).
+	 * - The generation number (first 30 bits) and commit time in seconds since
+	 *   UNIX epoch (34 bits).
+	 */
+	const unsigned char *commit_data;
+
+	/*
+	 * The Extra Edge List table. Each 4-byte entry is a network byte order index
+	 * of one of the i-th (i > 0) parents of commits in the `commit_data` table,
+	 * when the commit has more than 2 parents.
+	 */
+	const unsigned char *extra_edge_list;
+	/* The number of entries in the Extra Edge List table. Each entry is 4 bytes wide. */
+	size_t num_extra_edge_list;
+
+	/* The trailer of the file. Contains the SHA1-checksum of the whole file. */
+	git_oid checksum;
+} git_commit_graph_file;
+
+/**
+ * An entry in the commit-graph file. Provides a subset of the information that
+ * can be obtained from the commit header.
+ */
+typedef struct git_commit_graph_entry {
+	/* The generation number of the commit within the graph */
+	size_t generation;
+
+	/* Time in seconds from UNIX epoch. */
+	git_time_t commit_time;
+
+	/* The number of parents of the commit. */
+	size_t parent_count;
+
+	/*
+	 * The indices of the parent commits within the Commit Data table. The value
+	 * of `GIT_COMMIT_GRAPH_MISSING_PARENT` indicates that no parent is in that
+	 * position.
+	 */
+	size_t parent_indices[2];
+
+	/* The index within the Extra Edge List of any parent after the first two. */
+	size_t extra_parents_index;
+
+	/* The SHA-1 hash of the root tree of the commit. */
+	git_oid tree_oid;
+
+	/* The SHA-1 hash of the requested commit. */
+	git_oid sha1;
+} git_commit_graph_entry;
+
+/* A wrapper for git_commit_graph_file to enable lazy loading in the ODB. */
+struct git_commit_graph {
+	/* The path to the commit-graph file. Something like ".git/objects/info/commit-graph". */
+	git_buf filename;
+
+	/* The underlying commit-graph file. */
+	git_commit_graph_file *file;
+
+	/* Whether the commit-graph file was already checked for validity. */
+	bool checked;
+};
+
+/** Create a new commit-graph, optionally opening the underlying file. */
+int git_commit_graph_new(git_commit_graph **cgraph_out, const char *objects_dir, bool open_file);
+
+/** Open and validate a commit-graph file. */
+int git_commit_graph_file_open(git_commit_graph_file **file_out, const char *path);
+
+/*
+ * Attempt to get the git_commit_graph's commit-graph file. This object is
+ * still owned by the git_commit_graph. If the repository does not contain a commit graph,
+ * it will return GIT_ENOTFOUND.
+ *
+ * This function is not thread-safe.
+ */
+int git_commit_graph_get_file(git_commit_graph_file **file_out, git_commit_graph *cgraph);
+
+/* Marks the commit-graph file as needing a refresh. */
+void git_commit_graph_refresh(git_commit_graph *cgraph);
+
+/*
+ * Returns whether the git_commit_graph_file needs to be reloaded since the
+ * contents of the commit-graph file have changed on disk.
+ */
+bool git_commit_graph_file_needs_refresh(
+		const git_commit_graph_file *file, const char *path);
+
+int git_commit_graph_entry_find(
+		git_commit_graph_entry *e,
+		const git_commit_graph_file *file,
+		const git_oid *short_oid,
+		size_t len);
+int git_commit_graph_entry_parent(
+		git_commit_graph_entry *parent,
+		const git_commit_graph_file *file,
+		const git_commit_graph_entry *entry,
+		size_t n);
+int git_commit_graph_file_close(git_commit_graph_file *cgraph);
+void git_commit_graph_file_free(git_commit_graph_file *cgraph);
+
+/* This is exposed for use in the fuzzers. */
+int git_commit_graph_file_parse(
+		git_commit_graph_file *file,
+		const unsigned char *data,
+		size_t size);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/commit_list.c b/src/commit_list.c
index 2e103ec..692b149 100644
--- a/src/commit_list.c
+++ b/src/commit_list.c
@@ -12,6 +12,24 @@
 #include "odb.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 
+int git_commit_list_generation_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	uint32_t generation_a = ((git_commit_list_node *) a)->generation;
+	uint32_t generation_b = ((git_commit_list_node *) b)->generation;
+
+	if (!generation_a || !generation_b) {
+		/* Fall back to comparing by timestamps if at least one commit lacks a generation. */
+		return git_commit_list_time_cmp(a, b);
+	}
+
+	if (generation_a < generation_b)
+		return 1;
+	if (generation_a > generation_b)
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int git_commit_list_time_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
 {
 	int64_t time_a = ((git_commit_list_node *) a)->time;
@@ -124,6 +142,7 @@ static int commit_quick_parse(
 		return -1;
 	}
 
+	node->generation = 0;
 	node->time = commit->committer->when.time;
 	node->out_degree = (uint16_t) git_array_size(commit->parent_ids);
 	node->parents = alloc_parents(walk, node, node->out_degree);
@@ -143,11 +162,38 @@ static int commit_quick_parse(
 int git_commit_list_parse(git_revwalk *walk, git_commit_list_node *commit)
 {
 	git_odb_object *obj;
+	git_commit_graph_file *cgraph_file = NULL;
 	int error;
 
 	if (commit->parsed)
 		return 0;
 
+	/* Let's try to use the commit graph first. */
+	git_odb__get_commit_graph_file(&cgraph_file, walk->odb);
+	if (cgraph_file) {
+		git_commit_graph_entry e;
+
+		error = git_commit_graph_entry_find(&e, cgraph_file, &commit->oid, GIT_OID_RAWSZ);
+		if (error == 0 && git__is_uint16(e.parent_count)) {
+			size_t i;
+			commit->generation = (uint32_t)e.generation;
+			commit->time = e.commit_time;
+			commit->out_degree = (uint16_t)e.parent_count;
+			commit->parents = alloc_parents(walk, commit, commit->out_degree);
+			GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(commit->parents);
+
+			for (i = 0; i < commit->out_degree; ++i) {
+				git_commit_graph_entry parent;
+				error = git_commit_graph_entry_parent(&parent, cgraph_file, &e, i);
+				if (error < 0)
+					return error;
+				commit->parents[i] = git_revwalk__commit_lookup(walk, &parent.sha1);
+			}
+			commit->parsed = 1;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
 	if ((error = git_odb_read(&obj, walk->odb, &commit->oid)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
diff --git a/src/commit_list.h b/src/commit_list.h
index 6a65f8a..aad39f3 100644
--- a/src/commit_list.h
+++ b/src/commit_list.h
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 typedef struct git_commit_list_node {
 	git_oid oid;
 	int64_t time;
+	uint32_t generation;
 	unsigned int seen:1,
 			 uninteresting:1,
 			 topo_delay:1,
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ typedef struct git_commit_list {
 } git_commit_list;
 
 git_commit_list_node *git_commit_list_alloc_node(git_revwalk *walk);
+int git_commit_list_generation_cmp(const void *a, const void *b);
 int git_commit_list_time_cmp(const void *a, const void *b);
 void git_commit_list_free(git_commit_list **list_p);
 git_commit_list *git_commit_list_insert(git_commit_list_node *item, git_commit_list **list_p);
diff --git a/src/common.h b/src/common.h
index a4152ca..9bb1116 100644
--- a/src/common.h
+++ b/src/common.h
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 # define GIT_INLINE(type) static __inline type
 #elif defined(__GNUC__)
 # define GIT_INLINE(type) static __inline__ type
+#elif defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)
+# define GIT_INLINE(type) static inline type
 #else
 # define GIT_INLINE(type) static type
 #endif
@@ -28,6 +30,24 @@
 # define __has_builtin(x) 0
 #endif
 
+/**
+ * Declare that a function's return value must be used.
+ *
+ * Used mostly to guard against potential silent bugs at runtime. This is
+ * recommended to be added to functions that:
+ *
+ * - Allocate / reallocate memory. This prevents memory leaks or errors where
+ *   buffers are expected to have grown to a certain size, but could not be
+ *   resized.
+ * - Acquire locks. When a lock cannot be acquired, that will almost certainly
+ *   cause a data race / undefined behavior.
+ */
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+# define GIT_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT __attribute__((warn_unused_result))
+#else
+# define GIT_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
+#endif
+
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <limits.h>
@@ -63,7 +83,9 @@
 #	include <pthread.h>
 #	include <sched.h>
 # endif
-#define GIT_STDLIB_CALL
+
+#define GIT_LIBGIT2_CALL
+#define GIT_SYSTEM_CALL
 
 #ifdef GIT_USE_STAT_ATIMESPEC
 # define st_atim st_atimespec
@@ -78,8 +100,10 @@
 #include "git2/types.h"
 #include "git2/errors.h"
 #include "errors.h"
-#include "thread-utils.h"
+#include "thread.h"
 #include "integer.h"
+#include "assert_safe.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
 
 /*
  * Include the declarations for deprecated functions; this ensures
diff --git a/src/config.c b/src/config.c
index 8338da0..7a5dadd 100644
--- a/src/config.c
+++ b/src/config.c
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 #include "git2/config.h"
 #include "git2/sys/config.h"
 
-#include "buf_text.h"
 #include "config_backend.h"
 #include "regexp.h"
 #include "sysdir.h"
@@ -108,7 +107,8 @@ int git_config_add_file_ondisk(
 	struct stat st;
 	int res;
 
-	assert(cfg && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cfg);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	res = p_stat(path, &st);
 	if (res < 0 && errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR) {
@@ -316,7 +316,8 @@ int git_config_add_backend(
 	backend_internal *internal;
 	int result;
 
-	assert(cfg && backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cfg);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(backend, GIT_CONFIG_BACKEND_VERSION, "git_config_backend");
 
@@ -514,7 +515,8 @@ int git_config_backend_foreach_match(
 	git_regexp regex;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(backend && cb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cb);
 
 	if (regexp && git_regexp_compile(&regex, regexp, 0) < 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -886,7 +888,8 @@ int git_config_get_string_buf(
 	int ret;
 	const char *str;
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
+	if ((ret = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return ret;
 
 	ret  = get_entry(&entry, cfg, name, true, GET_ALL_ERRORS);
 	str = !ret ? (entry->value ? entry->value : "") : NULL;
@@ -1000,7 +1003,7 @@ static int multivar_iter_next(git_config_entry **entry, git_config_iterator *_it
 	return error;
 }
 
-void multivar_iter_free(git_config_iterator *_iter)
+static void multivar_iter_free(git_config_iterator *_iter)
 {
 	multivar_iter *iter = (multivar_iter *) _iter;
 
@@ -1084,19 +1087,31 @@ void git_config_iterator_free(git_config_iterator *iter)
 
 int git_config_find_global(git_buf *path)
 {
-	git_buf_sanitize(path);
+	int error;
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(path)) < 0)
+		return error;
+
 	return git_sysdir_find_global_file(path, GIT_CONFIG_FILENAME_GLOBAL);
 }
 
 int git_config_find_xdg(git_buf *path)
 {
-	git_buf_sanitize(path);
+	int error;
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(path)) < 0)
+		return error;
+
 	return git_sysdir_find_xdg_file(path, GIT_CONFIG_FILENAME_XDG);
 }
 
 int git_config_find_system(git_buf *path)
 {
-	git_buf_sanitize(path);
+	int error;
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(path)) < 0)
+		return error;
+
 	return git_sysdir_find_system_file(path, GIT_CONFIG_FILENAME_SYSTEM);
 }
 
@@ -1104,7 +1119,9 @@ int git_config_find_programdata(git_buf *path)
 {
 	int ret;
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(path);
+	if ((ret = git_buf_sanitize(path)) < 0)
+		return ret;
+
 	ret = git_sysdir_find_programdata_file(path,
 					       GIT_CONFIG_FILENAME_PROGRAMDATA);
 	if (ret != GIT_OK)
@@ -1182,7 +1199,7 @@ int git_config_lock(git_transaction **out, git_config *cfg)
 	git_config_backend *backend;
 	backend_internal *internal;
 
-	assert(cfg);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cfg);
 
 	internal = git_vector_get(&cfg->backends, 0);
 	if (!internal || !internal->backend) {
@@ -1202,7 +1219,7 @@ int git_config_unlock(git_config *cfg, int commit)
 	git_config_backend *backend;
 	backend_internal *internal;
 
-	assert(cfg);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cfg);
 
 	internal = git_vector_get(&cfg->backends, 0);
 	if (!internal || !internal->backend) {
@@ -1227,9 +1244,6 @@ int git_config_lookup_map_value(
 {
 	size_t i;
 
-	if (!value)
-		goto fail_parse;
-
 	for (i = 0; i < map_n; ++i) {
 		const git_configmap *m = maps + i;
 
@@ -1238,7 +1252,7 @@ int git_config_lookup_map_value(
 		case GIT_CONFIGMAP_TRUE: {
 			int bool_val;
 
-			if (git__parse_bool(&bool_val, value) == 0 &&
+			if (git_config_parse_bool(&bool_val, value) == 0 &&
 				bool_val == (int)m->type) {
 				*out = m->map_value;
 				return 0;
@@ -1252,7 +1266,7 @@ int git_config_lookup_map_value(
 			break;
 
 		case GIT_CONFIGMAP_STRING:
-			if (strcasecmp(value, m->str_match) == 0) {
+			if (value && strcasecmp(value, m->str_match) == 0) {
 				*out = m->map_value;
 				return 0;
 			}
@@ -1260,7 +1274,6 @@ int git_config_lookup_map_value(
 		}
 	}
 
-fail_parse:
 	git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_CONFIG, "failed to map '%s'", value);
 	return -1;
 }
@@ -1364,9 +1377,13 @@ fail_parse:
 
 int git_config_parse_path(git_buf *out, const char *value)
 {
-	assert(out && value);
+	int error;
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(value);
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	if (value[0] == '~') {
 		if (value[1] != '\0' && value[1] != '/') {
@@ -1409,7 +1426,8 @@ int git_config__normalize_name(const char *in, char **out)
 {
 	char *name, *fdot, *ldot;
 
-	assert(in && out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(in);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 
 	name = git__strdup(in);
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(name);
@@ -1478,7 +1496,7 @@ int git_config_rename_section(
 	int error = 0;
 	struct rename_data data;
 
-	git_buf_text_puts_escape_regex(&pattern, old_section_name);
+	git_buf_puts_escape_regex(&pattern, old_section_name);
 
 	if ((error = git_buf_puts(&pattern, "\\..+")) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
diff --git a/src/config_cache.c b/src/config_cache.c
index e4e071b..4bb91f5 100644
--- a/src/config_cache.c
+++ b/src/config_cache.c
@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ static struct map_data _configmaps[] = {
 	{"core.protecthfs", NULL, 0, GIT_PROTECTHFS_DEFAULT },
 	{"core.protectntfs", NULL, 0, GIT_PROTECTNTFS_DEFAULT },
 	{"core.fsyncobjectfiles", NULL, 0, GIT_FSYNCOBJECTFILES_DEFAULT },
+	{"core.longpaths", NULL, 0, GIT_LONGPATHS_DEFAULT },
 };
 
 int git_config__configmap_lookup(int *out, git_config *config, git_configmap_item item)
@@ -111,17 +112,21 @@ int git_config__configmap_lookup(int *out, git_config *config, git_configmap_ite
 
 int git_repository__configmap_lookup(int *out, git_repository *repo, git_configmap_item item)
 {
-	*out = repo->configmap_cache[(int)item];
+	intptr_t value = (intptr_t)git_atomic_load(repo->configmap_cache[(int)item]);
 
-	if (*out == GIT_CONFIGMAP_NOT_CACHED) {
-		int error;
+	*out = (int)value;
+
+	if (value == GIT_CONFIGMAP_NOT_CACHED) {
 		git_config *config;
+		intptr_t oldval = value;
+		int error;
 
 		if ((error = git_repository_config__weakptr(&config, repo)) < 0 ||
 			(error = git_config__configmap_lookup(out, config, item)) < 0)
 			return error;
 
-		repo->configmap_cache[(int)item] = *out;
+		value = *out;
+		git_atomic_compare_and_swap(&repo->configmap_cache[(int)item], (void *)oldval, (void *)value);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/src/config_entries.c b/src/config_entries.c
index 3ddd336..66aae09 100644
--- a/src/config_entries.c
+++ b/src/config_entries.c
@@ -11,9 +11,13 @@ typedef struct config_entry_list {
 	struct config_entry_list *next;
 	struct config_entry_list *last;
 	git_config_entry *entry;
-	bool first;
 } config_entry_list;
 
+typedef struct {
+	git_config_entry *entry;
+	bool multivar;
+} config_entry_map_head;
+
 typedef struct config_entries_iterator {
 	git_config_iterator parent;
 	git_config_entries *entries;
@@ -102,14 +106,16 @@ void git_config_entries_incref(git_config_entries *entries)
 static void config_entries_free(git_config_entries *entries)
 {
 	config_entry_list *list = NULL, *next;
+	config_entry_map_head *head;
 
+	git_strmap_foreach_value(entries->map, head,
+		git__free((char *) head->entry->name); git__free(head)
+	);
 	git_strmap_free(entries->map);
 
 	list = entries->list;
 	while (list != NULL) {
 		next = list->next;
-		if (list->first)
-			git__free((char *) list->entry->name);
 		git__free((char *) list->entry->value);
 		git__free(list->entry);
 		git__free(list);
@@ -127,40 +133,42 @@ void git_config_entries_free(git_config_entries *entries)
 
 int git_config_entries_append(git_config_entries *entries, git_config_entry *entry)
 {
-	config_entry_list *existing, *head;
-
-	head = git__calloc(1, sizeof(config_entry_list));
-	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(head);
-	head->entry = entry;
-
-	/*
-	 * This is a micro-optimization for configuration files
-	 * with a lot of same keys. As for multivars the entry's
-	 * key will be the same for all entries, we can just free
-	 * all except the first entry's name and just re-use it.
-	 */
-	if ((existing = git_strmap_get(entries->map, entry->name)) != NULL) {
+	config_entry_list *list_head;
+	config_entry_map_head *map_head;
+
+	if ((map_head = git_strmap_get(entries->map, entry->name)) != NULL) {
+		map_head->multivar = true;
+		/*
+		 * This is a micro-optimization for configuration files
+		 * with a lot of same keys. As for multivars the entry's
+		 * key will be the same for all entries, we can just free
+		 * all except the first entry's name and just re-use it.
+		 */
 		git__free((char *) entry->name);
-		entry->name = existing->entry->name;
+		entry->name = map_head->entry->name;
 	} else {
-		head->first = 1;
+		map_head = git__calloc(1, sizeof(*map_head));
+		if ((git_strmap_set(entries->map, entry->name, map_head)) < 0)
+			return -1;
 	}
+	map_head->entry = entry;
+
+	list_head = git__calloc(1, sizeof(config_entry_list));
+	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(list_head);
+	list_head->entry = entry;
 
 	if (entries->list)
-		entries->list->last->next = head;
+		entries->list->last->next = list_head;
 	else
-		entries->list = head;
-	entries->list->last = head;
-
-	if (git_strmap_set(entries->map, entry->name, head) < 0)
-		return -1;
+		entries->list = list_head;
+	entries->list->last = list_head;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int git_config_entries_get(git_config_entry **out, git_config_entries *entries, const char *key)
 {
-	config_entry_list *entry;
+	config_entry_map_head *entry;
 	if ((entry = git_strmap_get(entries->map, key)) == NULL)
 		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
 	*out = entry->entry;
@@ -169,12 +177,12 @@ int git_config_entries_get(git_config_entry **out, git_config_entries *entries, 
 
 int git_config_entries_get_unique(git_config_entry **out, git_config_entries *entries, const char *key)
 {
-	config_entry_list *entry;
+	config_entry_map_head *entry;
 
 	if ((entry = git_strmap_get(entries->map, key)) == NULL)
 		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
 
-	if (!entry->first) {
+	if (entry->multivar) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_CONFIG, "entry is not unique due to being a multivar");
 		return -1;
 	}
diff --git a/src/config_file.c b/src/config_file.c
index c9e3649..5267beb 100644
--- a/src/config_file.c
+++ b/src/config_file.c
@@ -111,6 +111,15 @@ static int config_file_open(git_config_backend *cfg, git_config_level_t level, c
 	if (!git_path_exists(b->file.path))
 		return 0;
 
+	/*
+	 * git silently ignores configuration files that are not
+	 * readable.  We emulate that behavior.  This is particularly
+	 * important for sandboxed applications on macOS where the
+	 * git configuration files may not be readable.
+	 */
+	if (p_access(b->file.path, R_OK) < 0)
+		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+
 	if (res < 0 || (res = config_file_read(b->entries, repo, &b->file, level, 0)) < 0) {
 		git_config_entries_free(b->entries);
 		b->entries = NULL;
@@ -155,23 +164,27 @@ out:
 	return error;
 }
 
+static void config_file_clear_includes(config_file_backend* cfg)
+{
+	config_file *include;
+	uint32_t i;
+
+	git_array_foreach(cfg->file.includes, i, include)
+		config_file_clear(include);
+	git_array_clear(cfg->file.includes);
+}
+
 static int config_file_set_entries(git_config_backend *cfg, git_config_entries *entries)
 {
 	config_file_backend *b = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(cfg, config_file_backend, parent);
 	git_config_entries *old = NULL;
-	config_file *include;
 	int error;
-	uint32_t i;
 
 	if (b->parent.readonly) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_CONFIG, "this backend is read-only");
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	git_array_foreach(b->file.includes, i, include)
-		config_file_clear(include);
-	git_array_clear(b->file.includes);
-
 	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&b->values_mutex)) < 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to lock config backend");
 		goto out;
@@ -193,6 +206,8 @@ static int config_file_refresh_from_buffer(git_config_backend *cfg, const char *
 	git_config_entries *entries = NULL;
 	int error;
 
+	config_file_clear_includes(b);
+
 	if ((error = git_config_entries_new(&entries)) < 0 ||
 	    (error = config_file_read_buffer(entries, b->repo, &b->file,
 					     b->level, 0, buf, buflen)) < 0 ||
@@ -220,6 +235,8 @@ static int config_file_refresh(git_config_backend *cfg)
 	if (!modified)
 		return 0;
 
+	config_file_clear_includes(b);
+
 	if ((error = git_config_entries_new(&entries)) < 0 ||
 	    (error = config_file_read(entries, b->repo, &b->file, b->level, 0)) < 0 ||
 	    (error = config_file_set_entries(cfg, entries)) < 0)
@@ -356,7 +373,7 @@ static int config_file_set_multivar(
 	int result;
 	char *key;
 
-	assert(regexp);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(regexp);
 
 	if ((result = git_config__normalize_name(name, &key)) < 0)
 		return result;
@@ -522,7 +539,7 @@ static char *escape_value(const char *ptr)
 	size_t len;
 	const char *esc;
 
-	assert(ptr);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(ptr, NULL);
 
 	len = strlen(ptr);
 	if (!len)
diff --git a/src/config_parse.c b/src/config_parse.c
index 48ad116..a2d779b 100644
--- a/src/config_parse.c
+++ b/src/config_parse.c
@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@
 
 #include "config_parse.h"
 
-#include "buf_text.h"
-
 #include <ctype.h>
 
 const char *git_config_escapes = "ntb\"\\";
@@ -187,7 +185,7 @@ static int parse_section_header(git_config_parser *reader, char **section_out)
 
 	/* Make sure we were given a section header */
 	c = line[pos++];
-	assert(c == '[');
+	GIT_ASSERT(c == '[');
 
 	c = line[pos++];
 
@@ -230,10 +228,10 @@ fail_parse:
 static int skip_bom(git_parse_ctx *parser)
 {
 	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT_CONST(parser->content, parser->content_len);
-	git_bom_t bom;
-	int bom_offset = git_buf_text_detect_bom(&bom, &buf);
+	git_buf_bom_t bom;
+	int bom_offset = git_buf_detect_bom(&bom, &buf);
 
-	if (bom == GIT_BOM_UTF8)
+	if (bom == GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF8)
 		git_parse_advance_chars(parser, bom_offset);
 
 	/* TODO: reference implementation is pretty stupid with BoM */
@@ -451,7 +449,7 @@ static int parse_variable(git_config_parser *reader, char **var_name, char **var
 			git_buf_attach(&multi_value, value, 0);
 			value = NULL;
 
-			if (parse_multiline_variable(reader, &multi_value, quote_count) < 0 ||
+			if (parse_multiline_variable(reader, &multi_value, quote_count % 2) < 0 ||
 			    git_buf_oom(&multi_value)) {
 				error = -1;
 				git_buf_dispose(&multi_value);
diff --git a/src/config_snapshot.c b/src/config_snapshot.c
index 62b9068..e295d2f 100644
--- a/src/config_snapshot.c
+++ b/src/config_snapshot.c
@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@
  * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
  */
 
-#include "config.h"
+#include "config_backend.h"
 
+#include "config.h"
 #include "config_entries.h"
 
 typedef struct {
diff --git a/src/crlf.c b/src/crlf.c
index 81b5216..1de9d8c 100644
--- a/src/crlf.c
+++ b/src/crlf.c
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 #include "futils.h"
 #include "hash.h"
 #include "filter.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 #include "repository.h"
 
 typedef enum {
@@ -219,7 +218,7 @@ static int crlf_apply_to_odb(
 	if (ca->crlf_action == GIT_CRLF_BINARY || !git_buf_len(from))
 		return GIT_PASSTHROUGH;
 
-	is_binary = git_buf_text_gather_stats(&stats, from, false);
+	is_binary = git_buf_gather_text_stats(&stats, from, false);
 
 	/* Heuristics to see if we can skip the conversion.
 	 * Straight from Core Git.
@@ -247,7 +246,7 @@ static int crlf_apply_to_odb(
 		return GIT_PASSTHROUGH;
 
 	/* Actually drop the carriage returns */
-	return git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(to, from);
+	return git_buf_crlf_to_lf(to, from);
 }
 
 static int crlf_apply_to_workdir(
@@ -262,7 +261,7 @@ static int crlf_apply_to_workdir(
 	if (git_buf_len(from) == 0 || output_eol(ca) != GIT_EOL_CRLF)
 		return GIT_PASSTHROUGH;
 
-	is_binary = git_buf_text_gather_stats(&stats, from, false);
+	is_binary = git_buf_gather_text_stats(&stats, from, false);
 
 	/* If there are no LFs, or all LFs are part of a CRLF, nothing to do */
 	if (stats.lf == 0 || stats.lf == stats.crlf)
@@ -281,7 +280,7 @@ static int crlf_apply_to_workdir(
 			return GIT_PASSTHROUGH;
 	}
 
-	return git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(to, from);
+	return git_buf_lf_to_crlf(to, from);
 }
 
 static int convert_attrs(
diff --git a/src/date.c b/src/date.c
index 0e1b31a..71bf631 100644
--- a/src/date.c
+++ b/src/date.c
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ static int is_date(int year, int month, int day, struct tm *now_tm, time_t now, 
 	if (month > 0 && month < 13 && day > 0 && day < 32) {
 		struct tm check = *tm;
 		struct tm *r = (now_tm ? &check : tm);
-		time_t specified;
+		git_time_t specified;
 
 		r->tm_mon = month - 1;
 		r->tm_mday = day;
@@ -881,7 +881,8 @@ int git__date_rfc2822_fmt(char *out, size_t len, const git_time *date)
 	struct tm gmt;
 	time_t t;
 
-	assert(out && date);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(date);
 
 	t = (time_t) (date->time + date->offset * 60);
 
diff --git a/src/delta.c b/src/delta.c
index 1ff7752..2d2c5fa 100644
--- a/src/delta.c
+++ b/src/delta.c
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ void git_delta_index_free(git_delta_index *index)
 
 size_t git_delta_index_size(git_delta_index *index)
 {
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	return index->memsize;
 }
diff --git a/src/describe.c b/src/describe.c
index 42e5848..3648cce 100644
--- a/src/describe.c
+++ b/src/describe.c
@@ -655,7 +655,8 @@ int git_describe_commit(
 	int error = -1;
 	git_describe_options normalized;
 
-	assert(committish);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(result);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(committish);
 
 	data.result = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_describe_result));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(data.result);
@@ -685,7 +686,7 @@ int git_describe_commit(
 			get_name, &data)) < 0)
 				goto cleanup;
 
-	if (git_oidmap_size(data.names) == 0 && !opts->show_commit_oid_as_fallback) {
+	if (git_oidmap_size(data.names) == 0 && !normalized.show_commit_oid_as_fallback) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_DESCRIBE, "cannot describe - "
 			"no reference found, cannot describe anything.");
 		error = -1;
@@ -775,12 +776,14 @@ int git_describe_format(git_buf *out, const git_describe_result *result, const g
 	struct commit_name *name;
 	git_describe_format_options opts;
 
-	assert(out && result);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(result);
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(given, GIT_DESCRIBE_FORMAT_OPTIONS_VERSION, "git_describe_format_options");
 	normalize_format_options(&opts, given);
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 
 	if (opts.always_use_long_format && opts.abbreviated_size == 0) {
@@ -876,10 +879,12 @@ int git_describe_options_init(git_describe_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_describe_init_options(git_describe_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_describe_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 int git_describe_format_options_init(git_describe_format_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
@@ -888,7 +893,9 @@ int git_describe_format_options_init(git_describe_format_options *opts, unsigned
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_describe_init_format_options(git_describe_format_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_describe_format_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/diff.c b/src/diff.c
index 47f49d9..4085c5f 100644
--- a/src/diff.c
+++ b/src/diff.c
@@ -32,11 +32,6 @@ GIT_INLINE(const char *) diff_delta__path(const git_diff_delta *delta)
 	return str;
 }
 
-const char *git_diff_delta__path(const git_diff_delta *delta)
-{
-	return diff_delta__path(delta);
-}
-
 int git_diff_delta__cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
 {
 	const git_diff_delta *da = a, *db = b;
@@ -82,7 +77,7 @@ void git_diff_addref(git_diff *diff)
 
 size_t git_diff_num_deltas(const git_diff *diff)
 {
-	assert(diff);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff);
 	return diff->deltas.length;
 }
 
@@ -91,7 +86,7 @@ size_t git_diff_num_deltas_of_type(const git_diff *diff, git_delta_t type)
 	size_t i, count = 0;
 	const git_diff_delta *delta;
 
-	assert(diff);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff);
 
 	git_vector_foreach(&diff->deltas, i, delta) {
 		count += (delta->status == type);
@@ -102,7 +97,7 @@ size_t git_diff_num_deltas_of_type(const git_diff *diff, git_delta_t type)
 
 const git_diff_delta *git_diff_get_delta(const git_diff *diff, size_t idx)
 {
-	assert(diff);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(diff, NULL);
 	return git_vector_get(&diff->deltas, idx);
 }
 
@@ -113,7 +108,7 @@ int git_diff_is_sorted_icase(const git_diff *diff)
 
 int git_diff_get_perfdata(git_diff_perfdata *out, const git_diff *diff)
 {
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(out, GIT_DIFF_PERFDATA_VERSION, "git_diff_perfdata");
 	out->stat_calls = diff->perf.stat_calls;
 	out->oid_calculations = diff->perf.oid_calculations;
@@ -132,7 +127,7 @@ int git_diff_foreach(
 	git_diff_delta *delta;
 	size_t idx;
 
-	assert(diff);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff);
 
 	git_vector_foreach(&diff->deltas, idx, delta) {
 		git_patch *patch;
@@ -155,7 +150,7 @@ int git_diff_foreach(
 	return error;
 }
 
-int git_diff_format_email__append_header_tobuf(
+static int diff_format_email_append_header_tobuf(
 	git_buf *out,
 	const git_oid *id,
 	const git_signature *author,
@@ -212,7 +207,7 @@ int git_diff_format_email__append_header_tobuf(
 	return error;
 }
 
-int git_diff_format_email__append_patches_tobuf(
+static int diff_format_email_append_patches_tobuf(
 	git_buf *out,
 	git_diff *diff)
 {
@@ -248,8 +243,9 @@ int git_diff_format_email(
 	size_t allocsize;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && diff && opts);
-	assert(opts->summary && opts->id && opts->author);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(opts && opts->summary && opts->id && opts->author);
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(opts,
 		GIT_DIFF_FORMAT_EMAIL_OPTIONS_VERSION,
@@ -292,7 +288,7 @@ int git_diff_format_email(
 		strncpy(summary, opts->summary, offset);
 	}
 
-	error = git_diff_format_email__append_header_tobuf(out,
+	error = diff_format_email_append_header_tobuf(out,
 		opts->id, opts->author, summary == NULL ? opts->summary : summary,
 		opts->body, opts->patch_no, opts->total_patches, ignore_marker);
 
@@ -305,7 +301,7 @@ int git_diff_format_email(
 		(error = git_diff_get_stats(&stats, diff)) < 0 ||
 		(error = git_diff_stats_to_buf(out, stats, format_flags, 0)) < 0 ||
 		(error = git_buf_putc(out, '\n')) < 0 ||
-		(error = git_diff_format_email__append_patches_tobuf(out, diff)) < 0)
+		(error = diff_format_email_append_patches_tobuf(out, diff)) < 0)
 			goto on_error;
 
 	error = git_buf_puts(out, "--\nlibgit2 " LIBGIT2_VERSION "\n\n");
@@ -331,7 +327,9 @@ int git_diff_commit_as_email(
 		GIT_DIFF_FORMAT_EMAIL_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert (out && repo && commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(commit);
 
 	opts.flags = flags;
 	opts.patch_no = patch_no;
@@ -357,10 +355,12 @@ int git_diff_options_init(git_diff_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_diff_init_options(git_diff_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_diff_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 int git_diff_find_options_init(
 	git_diff_find_options *opts, unsigned int version)
@@ -370,11 +370,13 @@ int git_diff_find_options_init(
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_diff_find_init_options(
 	git_diff_find_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_diff_find_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 int git_diff_format_email_options_init(
 	git_diff_format_email_options *opts, unsigned int version)
@@ -385,11 +387,13 @@ int git_diff_format_email_options_init(
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_diff_format_email_init_options(
 	git_diff_format_email_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_diff_format_email_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 static int flush_hunk(git_oid *result, git_hash_ctx *ctx)
 {
@@ -426,7 +430,7 @@ static void strip_spaces(git_buf *buf)
 	git_buf_truncate(buf, len);
 }
 
-int git_diff_patchid_print_callback__to_buf(
+static int diff_patchid_print_callback_to_buf(
 	const git_diff_delta *delta,
 	const git_diff_hunk *hunk,
 	const git_diff_line *line,
@@ -485,7 +489,7 @@ int git_diff_patchid(git_oid *out, git_diff *diff, git_diff_patchid_options *opt
 
 	if ((error = git_diff_print(diff,
 				    GIT_DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH_ID,
-				    git_diff_patchid_print_callback__to_buf,
+				    diff_patchid_print_callback_to_buf,
 				    &args)) < 0)
 		goto out;
 
diff --git a/src/diff_driver.c b/src/diff_driver.c
index 831d326..a3892d3 100644
--- a/src/diff_driver.c
+++ b/src/diff_driver.c
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "strmap.h"
 #include "map.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 #include "config.h"
 #include "regexp.h"
 #include "repository.h"
@@ -142,18 +141,23 @@ static int diff_driver_funcname(const git_config_entry *entry, void *payload)
 static git_diff_driver_registry *git_repository_driver_registry(
 	git_repository *repo)
 {
-	if (!repo->diff_drivers) {
-		git_diff_driver_registry *reg = git_diff_driver_registry_new();
-		reg = git__compare_and_swap(&repo->diff_drivers, NULL, reg);
+	git_diff_driver_registry *reg = git_atomic_load(repo->diff_drivers), *newreg;
+	if (reg)
+		return reg;
 
-		if (reg != NULL) /* if we race, free losing allocation */
-			git_diff_driver_registry_free(reg);
-	}
-
-	if (!repo->diff_drivers)
+	newreg = git_diff_driver_registry_new();
+	if (!newreg) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REPOSITORY, "unable to create diff driver registry");
-
-	return repo->diff_drivers;
+		return newreg;
+	}
+	reg = git_atomic_compare_and_swap(&repo->diff_drivers, NULL, newreg);
+	if (!reg) {
+		reg = newreg;
+	} else {
+		/* if we race, free losing allocation */
+		git_diff_driver_registry_free(newreg);
+	}
+	return reg;
 }
 
 static int diff_driver_alloc(
@@ -358,7 +362,7 @@ int git_diff_driver_lookup(
 	int error = 0;
 	const char *values[1], *attrs[] = { "diff" };
 
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 	*out = NULL;
 
 	if (!repo || !path || !strlen(path))
@@ -390,13 +394,13 @@ int git_diff_driver_lookup(
 
 void git_diff_driver_free(git_diff_driver *driver)
 {
-	size_t i;
+	git_diff_driver_pattern *pat;
 
 	if (!driver)
 		return;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < git_array_size(driver->fn_patterns); ++i)
-		git_regexp_dispose(& git_array_get(driver->fn_patterns, i)->re);
+	while ((pat = git_array_pop(driver->fn_patterns)) != NULL)
+		git_regexp_dispose(&pat->re);
 	git_array_clear(driver->fn_patterns);
 
 	git_regexp_dispose(&driver->word_pattern);
@@ -428,8 +432,8 @@ int git_diff_driver_content_is_binary(
 	 * let's just use the simple NUL-byte detection that core git uses.
 	 */
 
-	/* previously was: if (git_buf_text_is_binary(&search)) */
-	if (git_buf_text_contains_nul(&search))
+	/* previously was: if (git_buf_is_binary(&search)) */
+	if (git_buf_contains_nul(&search))
 		return 1;
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/src/diff_file.c b/src/diff_file.c
index 621bff5..eeaf4a5 100644
--- a/src/diff_file.c
+++ b/src/diff_file.c
@@ -160,8 +160,10 @@ int git_diff_file_content__init_from_src(
 
 			fc->flags |= GIT_DIFF_FLAG__FREE_BLOB;
 		} else {
+			int error;
+			if ((error = git_odb_hash(&fc->file->id, src->buf, src->buflen, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB)) < 0)
+				return error;
 			fc->file->size = src->buflen;
-			git_odb_hash(&fc->file->id, src->buf, src->buflen, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB);
 			fc->file->id_abbrev = GIT_OID_HEXSZ;
 
 			fc->map.len  = src->buflen;
@@ -360,10 +362,7 @@ static int diff_file_content_load_workdir_file(
 	if (!(error = git_futils_readbuffer_fd(&raw, fd, (size_t)fc->file->size))) {
 		git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-		error = git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &raw);
-
-		if (out.ptr != raw.ptr)
-			git_buf_dispose(&raw);
+		error = git_filter_list__convert_buf(&out, fl, &raw);
 
 		if (!error) {
 			fc->map.len  = out.size;
@@ -392,8 +391,7 @@ static int diff_file_content_load_workdir(
 	if (fc->file->mode == GIT_FILEMODE_TREE)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (git_buf_joinpath(
-			&path, git_repository_workdir(fc->repo), fc->file->path) < 0)
+	if (git_repository_workdir_path(&path, fc->repo, fc->file->path) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (S_ISLNK(fc->file->mode))
diff --git a/src/diff_generate.c b/src/diff_generate.c
index b69ef30..aba9e52 100644
--- a/src/diff_generate.c
+++ b/src/diff_generate.c
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ static int diff_delta__from_one(
 	git_diff_delta *delta;
 	const char *matched_pathspec;
 
-	assert((oitem != NULL) ^ (nitem != NULL));
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG((oitem != NULL) ^ (nitem != NULL));
 
 	if (oitem) {
 		entry = oitem;
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ static int diff_delta__from_one(
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(delta);
 
 	/* This fn is just for single-sided diffs */
-	assert(status != GIT_DELTA_MODIFIED);
+	GIT_ASSERT(status != GIT_DELTA_MODIFIED);
 	delta->nfiles = 1;
 
 	if (has_old) {
@@ -301,14 +301,14 @@ GIT_INLINE(const char *) diff_delta__i2w_path(const git_diff_delta *delta)
 		delta->old_file.path : delta->new_file.path;
 }
 
-int git_diff_delta__i2w_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
+static int diff_delta_i2w_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
 {
 	const git_diff_delta *da = a, *db = b;
 	int val = strcmp(diff_delta__i2w_path(da), diff_delta__i2w_path(db));
 	return val ? val : ((int)da->status - (int)db->status);
 }
 
-int git_diff_delta__i2w_casecmp(const void *a, const void *b)
+static int diff_delta_i2w_casecmp(const void *a, const void *b)
 {
 	const git_diff_delta *da = a, *db = b;
 	int val = strcasecmp(diff_delta__i2w_path(da), diff_delta__i2w_path(db));
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ static const char *diff_mnemonic_prefix(
 	return pfx;
 }
 
-void git_diff__set_ignore_case(git_diff *diff, bool ignore_case)
+static void diff_set_ignore_case(git_diff *diff, bool ignore_case)
 {
 	if (!ignore_case) {
 		diff->opts.flags &= ~GIT_DIFF_IGNORE_CASE;
@@ -408,7 +408,9 @@ static git_diff_generated *diff_generated_alloc(
 	git_diff_generated *diff;
 	git_diff_options dflt = GIT_DIFF_OPTIONS_INIT;
 
-	assert(repo && old_iter && new_iter);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(repo, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(old_iter, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(new_iter, NULL);
 
 	if ((diff = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_diff_generated))) == NULL)
 		return NULL;
@@ -423,16 +425,15 @@ static git_diff_generated *diff_generated_alloc(
 	git_attr_session__init(&diff->base.attrsession, repo);
 	memcpy(&diff->base.opts, &dflt, sizeof(git_diff_options));
 
-	git_pool_init(&diff->base.pool, 1);
-
-	if (git_vector_init(&diff->base.deltas, 0, git_diff_delta__cmp) < 0) {
+	if (git_pool_init(&diff->base.pool, 1) < 0 ||
+	    git_vector_init(&diff->base.deltas, 0, git_diff_delta__cmp) < 0) {
 		git_diff_free(&diff->base);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	/* Use case-insensitive compare if either iterator has
 	 * the ignore_case bit set */
-	git_diff__set_ignore_case(
+	diff_set_ignore_case(
 		&diff->base,
 		git_iterator_ignore_case(old_iter) ||
 		git_iterator_ignore_case(new_iter));
@@ -590,13 +591,12 @@ int git_diff__oid_for_entry(
 	git_filter_list *fl = NULL;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(d->type == GIT_DIFF_TYPE_GENERATED);
+	GIT_ASSERT(d->type == GIT_DIFF_TYPE_GENERATED);
 	diff = (git_diff_generated *)d;
 
 	memset(out, 0, sizeof(*out));
 
-	if (git_buf_joinpath(&full_path,
-		git_repository_workdir(diff->base.repo), entry.path) < 0)
+	if (git_repository_workdir_path(&full_path, diff->base.repo, entry.path) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (!mode) {
@@ -679,6 +679,8 @@ typedef struct {
 	git_iterator *new_iter;
 	const git_index_entry *oitem;
 	const git_index_entry *nitem;
+	git_strmap *submodule_cache;
+	bool submodule_cache_initialized;
 } diff_in_progress;
 
 #define MODE_BITS_MASK 0000777
@@ -693,6 +695,7 @@ static int maybe_modified_submodule(
 	git_submodule *sub;
 	unsigned int sm_status = 0;
 	git_submodule_ignore_t ign = diff->base.opts.ignore_submodules;
+	git_strmap *submodule_cache = NULL;
 
 	*status = GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED;
 
@@ -700,8 +703,23 @@ static int maybe_modified_submodule(
 		ign == GIT_SUBMODULE_IGNORE_ALL)
 		return 0;
 
-	if ((error = git_submodule_lookup(
-			&sub, diff->base.repo, info->nitem->path)) < 0) {
+	if (diff->base.repo->submodule_cache != NULL) {
+		submodule_cache = diff->base.repo->submodule_cache;
+	} else {
+		if (!info->submodule_cache_initialized) {
+			info->submodule_cache_initialized = true;
+			/*
+			 * Try to cache the submodule information to avoid having to parse it for
+			 * every submodule. It is okay if it fails, the cache will still be NULL
+			 * and the submodules will be attempted to be looked up individually.
+			 */
+			git_submodule_cache_init(&info->submodule_cache, diff->base.repo);
+		}
+		submodule_cache = info->submodule_cache;
+	}
+
+	if ((error = git_submodule__lookup_with_cache(
+			&sub, diff->base.repo, info->nitem->path, submodule_cache)) < 0) {
 
 		/* GIT_EEXISTS means dir with .git in it was found - ignore it */
 		if (error == GIT_EEXISTS) {
@@ -1191,7 +1209,7 @@ int git_diff__from_iterators(
 	const git_diff_options *opts)
 {
 	git_diff_generated *diff;
-	diff_in_progress info;
+	diff_in_progress info = {0};
 	int error = 0;
 
 	*out = NULL;
@@ -1205,8 +1223,9 @@ int git_diff__from_iterators(
 
 	/* make iterators have matching icase behavior */
 	if (DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_IGNORE_CASE)) {
-		git_iterator_set_ignore_case(old_iter, true);
-		git_iterator_set_ignore_case(new_iter, true);
+		if ((error = git_iterator_set_ignore_case(old_iter, true)) < 0 ||
+		    (error = git_iterator_set_ignore_case(new_iter, true)) < 0)
+			goto cleanup;
 	}
 
 	/* finish initialization */
@@ -1258,6 +1277,8 @@ cleanup:
 		*out = &diff->base;
 	else
 		git_diff_free(&diff->base);
+	if (info.submodule_cache)
+		git_submodule_cache_free(info.submodule_cache);
 
 	return error;
 }
@@ -1303,7 +1324,8 @@ int git_diff_tree_to_tree(
 	char *prefix = NULL;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -1359,7 +1381,8 @@ int git_diff_tree_to_index(
 	bool index_ignore_case = false;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -1376,7 +1399,7 @@ int git_diff_tree_to_index(
 
 	/* if index is in case-insensitive order, re-sort deltas to match */
 	if (index_ignore_case)
-		git_diff__set_ignore_case(diff, true);
+		diff_set_ignore_case(diff, true);
 
 	*out = diff;
 	diff = NULL;
@@ -1402,7 +1425,8 @@ int git_diff_index_to_workdir(
 	char *prefix = NULL;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -1445,7 +1469,8 @@ int git_diff_tree_to_workdir(
 	git_index *index;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -1478,7 +1503,8 @@ int git_diff_tree_to_workdir_with_index(
 	git_index *index = NULL;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -1514,7 +1540,9 @@ int git_diff_index_to_index(
 	char *prefix = NULL;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && old_index && new_index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(old_index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(new_index);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -1527,7 +1555,7 @@ int git_diff_index_to_index(
 
 	/* if index is in case-insensitive order, re-sort deltas to match */
 	if (old_index->ignore_case || new_index->ignore_case)
-		git_diff__set_ignore_case(diff, true);
+		diff_set_ignore_case(diff, true);
 
 	*out = diff;
 	diff = NULL;
@@ -1584,10 +1612,10 @@ int git_diff__paired_foreach(
 	if (i2w_icase && !icase_mismatch) {
 		strcomp = git__strcasecmp;
 
-		git_vector_set_cmp(&idx2wd->deltas, git_diff_delta__i2w_casecmp);
+		git_vector_set_cmp(&idx2wd->deltas, diff_delta_i2w_casecmp);
 		git_vector_sort(&idx2wd->deltas);
 	} else if (idx2wd != NULL) {
-		git_vector_set_cmp(&idx2wd->deltas, git_diff_delta__i2w_cmp);
+		git_vector_set_cmp(&idx2wd->deltas, diff_delta_i2w_cmp);
 		git_vector_sort(&idx2wd->deltas);
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/diff_parse.c b/src/diff_parse.c
index 098e56f..75e41a5 100644
--- a/src/diff_parse.c
+++ b/src/diff_parse.c
@@ -52,9 +52,8 @@ static git_diff_parsed *diff_parsed_alloc(void)
 
 	diff->base.opts.flags &= ~GIT_DIFF_IGNORE_CASE;
 
-	git_pool_init(&diff->base.pool, 1);
-
-	if (git_vector_init(&diff->patches, 0, NULL) < 0 ||
+	if (git_pool_init(&diff->base.pool, 1) < 0 ||
+	    git_vector_init(&diff->patches, 0, NULL) < 0 ||
 		git_vector_init(&diff->base.deltas, 0, git_diff_delta__cmp) < 0) {
 		git_diff_free(&diff->base);
 		return NULL;
diff --git a/src/diff_print.c b/src/diff_print.c
index 369e5c1..062e267 100644
--- a/src/diff_print.c
+++ b/src/diff_print.c
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ static int diff_print_info_init_frompatch(
 	git_diff_line_cb cb,
 	void *payload)
 {
-	assert(patch);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(patch);
 
 	memset(pi, 0, sizeof(diff_print_info));
 
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ static int diff_delta_format_with_paths(
 	return git_buf_printf(out, template, oldpath, newpath);
 }
 
-int diff_delta_format_similarity_header(
+static int diff_delta_format_similarity_header(
 	git_buf *out,
 	const git_diff_delta *delta)
 {
@@ -351,17 +351,16 @@ int diff_delta_format_similarity_header(
 		goto done;
 	}
 
+	GIT_ASSERT(delta->status == GIT_DELTA_RENAMED || delta->status == GIT_DELTA_COPIED);
 	if (delta->status == GIT_DELTA_RENAMED)
 		type = "rename";
-	else if (delta->status == GIT_DELTA_COPIED)
-		type = "copy";
 	else
-		abort();
+		type = "copy";
 
 	if ((error = git_buf_puts(&old_path, delta->old_file.path)) < 0 ||
-		(error = git_buf_puts(&new_path, delta->new_file.path)) < 0 ||
-		(error = git_buf_quote(&old_path)) < 0 ||
-		(error = git_buf_quote(&new_path)) < 0)
+	    (error = git_buf_puts(&new_path, delta->new_file.path)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_buf_quote(&old_path)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_buf_quote(&new_path)) < 0)
 		goto done;
 
 	git_buf_printf(out,
@@ -428,8 +427,11 @@ int git_diff_delta__format_file_header(
 	git_buf_printf(out, "diff --git %s %s\n",
 		old_path.ptr, new_path.ptr);
 
+	if (unchanged && delta->old_file.mode != delta->new_file.mode)
+		diff_print_modes(out, delta);
+
 	if (delta->status == GIT_DELTA_RENAMED ||
-		(delta->status == GIT_DELTA_COPIED && unchanged)) {
+	    (delta->status == GIT_DELTA_COPIED && unchanged)) {
 		if ((error = diff_delta_format_similarity_header(out, delta)) < 0)
 			goto done;
 	}
@@ -444,9 +446,6 @@ int git_diff_delta__format_file_header(
 				"--- %s\n+++ %s\n", old_path.ptr, new_path.ptr);
 	}
 
-	if (unchanged && delta->old_file.mode != delta->new_file.mode)
-		diff_print_modes(out, delta);
-
 	if (git_buf_oom(out))
 		error = -1;
 
@@ -492,6 +491,9 @@ static int format_binary(
 	}
 	git_buf_putc(pi->buf, '\n');
 
+	if (git_buf_oom(pi->buf))
+		return -1;
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -502,21 +504,17 @@ static int diff_print_patch_file_binary_noshow(
 	git_buf old_path = GIT_BUF_INIT, new_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	if ((error = diff_delta_format_path(
-			&old_path, old_pfx, delta->old_file.path)) < 0 ||
-		(error = diff_delta_format_path(
-			&new_path, new_pfx, delta->new_file.path)) < 0)
+	if ((error = diff_delta_format_path(&old_path, old_pfx, delta->old_file.path)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = diff_delta_format_path(&new_path, new_pfx, delta->new_file.path)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = diff_delta_format_with_paths(pi->buf, delta, "Binary files %s and %s differ\n",
+						  old_path.ptr, new_path.ptr)) < 0)
 		goto done;
 
 	pi->line.num_lines = 1;
-	error = diff_delta_format_with_paths(
-		pi->buf, delta, "Binary files %s and %s differ\n",
-		old_path.ptr, new_path.ptr);
 
 done:
 	git_buf_dispose(&old_path);
 	git_buf_dispose(&new_path);
-
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -540,10 +538,9 @@ static int diff_print_patch_file_binary(
 	pi->line.num_lines++;
 
 	if ((error = format_binary(pi, binary->new_file.type, binary->new_file.data,
-		binary->new_file.datalen, binary->new_file.inflatedlen)) < 0 ||
-		(error = format_binary(pi, binary->old_file.type, binary->old_file.data,
-			binary->old_file.datalen, binary->old_file.inflatedlen)) < 0) {
-
+				   binary->new_file.datalen, binary->new_file.inflatedlen)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = format_binary(pi, binary->old_file.type, binary->old_file.data,
+				   binary->old_file.datalen, binary->old_file.inflatedlen)) < 0) {
 		if (error == GIT_EBUFS) {
 			git_error_clear();
 			git_buf_truncate(pi->buf, pre_binary_size);
@@ -580,16 +577,15 @@ static int diff_print_patch_file(
 	GIT_UNUSED(progress);
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(delta->new_file.mode) ||
-		delta->status == GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED ||
-		delta->status == GIT_DELTA_IGNORED ||
-		delta->status == GIT_DELTA_UNREADABLE ||
-		(delta->status == GIT_DELTA_UNTRACKED &&
+	    delta->status == GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED ||
+	    delta->status == GIT_DELTA_IGNORED ||
+	    delta->status == GIT_DELTA_UNREADABLE ||
+	    (delta->status == GIT_DELTA_UNTRACKED &&
 		 (pi->flags & GIT_DIFF_SHOW_UNTRACKED_CONTENT) == 0))
 		return 0;
 
-	if ((error = git_diff_delta__format_file_header(
-			pi->buf, delta, oldpfx, newpfx,
-			id_strlen, print_index)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_diff_delta__format_file_header(pi->buf, delta, oldpfx, newpfx,
+							id_strlen, print_index)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	pi->line.origin      = GIT_DIFF_LINE_FILE_HDR;
@@ -699,17 +695,16 @@ int git_diff_print(
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	if (!(error = diff_print_info_init_fromdiff(
-			&pi, &buf, diff, format, print_cb, payload))) {
-		error = git_diff_foreach(
-			diff, print_file, print_binary, print_hunk, print_line, &pi);
+	if ((error = diff_print_info_init_fromdiff(&pi, &buf, diff, format, print_cb, payload)) < 0)
+		goto out;
 
-		if (error) /* make sure error message is set */
-			git_error_set_after_callback_function(error, "git_diff_print");
+	if ((error = git_diff_foreach(diff, print_file, print_binary, print_hunk, print_line, &pi)) != 0) {
+		git_error_set_after_callback_function(error, "git_diff_print");
+		goto out;
 	}
 
+out:
 	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
-
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -728,8 +723,8 @@ int git_diff_print_callback__to_buf(
 	}
 
 	if (line->origin == GIT_DIFF_LINE_ADDITION ||
-		line->origin == GIT_DIFF_LINE_DELETION ||
-		line->origin == GIT_DIFF_LINE_CONTEXT)
+	    line->origin == GIT_DIFF_LINE_DELETION ||
+	    line->origin == GIT_DIFF_LINE_CONTEXT)
 		git_buf_putc(output, line->origin);
 
 	return git_buf_put(output, line->content, line->content_len);
@@ -742,24 +737,42 @@ int git_diff_print_callback__to_file_handle(
 	void *payload)
 {
 	FILE *fp = payload ? payload : stdout;
+	int error;
 
-	GIT_UNUSED(delta); GIT_UNUSED(hunk);
+	GIT_UNUSED(delta);
+	GIT_UNUSED(hunk);
 
 	if (line->origin == GIT_DIFF_LINE_CONTEXT ||
-		line->origin == GIT_DIFF_LINE_ADDITION ||
-		line->origin == GIT_DIFF_LINE_DELETION)
-		fputc(line->origin, fp);
-	fwrite(line->content, 1, line->content_len, fp);
+	    line->origin == GIT_DIFF_LINE_ADDITION ||
+	    line->origin == GIT_DIFF_LINE_DELETION) {
+		while ((error = fputc(line->origin, fp)) == EINTR)
+			continue;
+		if (error) {
+			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "could not write status");
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (fwrite(line->content, line->content_len, 1, fp) != 1) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "could not write line");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
 /* print a git_diff to a git_buf */
 int git_diff_to_buf(git_buf *out, git_diff *diff, git_diff_format_t format)
 {
-	assert(out && diff);
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
-	return git_diff_print(
-		diff, format, git_diff_print_callback__to_buf, out);
+	int error;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff);
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	return git_diff_print(diff, format, git_diff_print_callback__to_buf, out);
 }
 
 /* print a git_patch to an output callback */
@@ -768,35 +781,38 @@ int git_patch_print(
 	git_diff_line_cb print_cb,
 	void *payload)
 {
-	int error;
 	git_buf temp = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	diff_print_info pi;
+	int error;
 
-	assert(patch && print_cb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(patch);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(print_cb);
 
-	if (!(error = diff_print_info_init_frompatch(
-		&pi, &temp, patch,
-		GIT_DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH, print_cb, payload)))
-	{
-		error = git_patch__invoke_callbacks(
-			patch,
-			diff_print_patch_file, diff_print_patch_binary,
-			diff_print_patch_hunk, diff_print_patch_line,
-			&pi);
+	if ((error = diff_print_info_init_frompatch(&pi, &temp, patch,
+						    GIT_DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH, print_cb, payload)) < 0)
+		goto out;
 
-		if (error) /* make sure error message is set */
-			git_error_set_after_callback_function(error, "git_patch_print");
+	if ((error = git_patch__invoke_callbacks(patch, diff_print_patch_file, diff_print_patch_binary,
+						 diff_print_patch_hunk, diff_print_patch_line, &pi)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set_after_callback_function(error, "git_patch_print");
+		goto out;
 	}
 
+out:
 	git_buf_dispose(&temp);
-
 	return error;
 }
 
 /* print a git_patch to a git_buf */
 int git_patch_to_buf(git_buf *out, git_patch *patch)
 {
-	assert(out && patch);
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
+	int error;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(patch);
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return error;
+
 	return git_patch_print(patch, git_diff_print_callback__to_buf, out);
 }
diff --git a/src/diff_stats.c b/src/diff_stats.c
index 19c9da0..41a25bf 100644
--- a/src/diff_stats.c
+++ b/src/diff_stats.c
@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@ static int digits_for_value(size_t val)
 	return count;
 }
 
-int git_diff_file_stats__full_to_buf(
+static int diff_file_stats_full_to_buf(
 	git_buf *out,
 	const git_diff_delta *delta,
 	const diff_file_stats *filestat,
 	const git_diff_stats *stats,
 	size_t width)
 {
-	const char *old_path = NULL, *new_path = NULL;
+	const char *old_path = NULL, *new_path = NULL, *adddel_path = NULL;
 	size_t padding;
 	git_object_size_t old_size, new_size;
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ int git_diff_file_stats__full_to_buf(
 	old_size = delta->old_file.size;
 	new_size = delta->new_file.size;
 
-	if (strcmp(old_path, new_path) != 0) {
+	if (old_path && new_path && strcmp(old_path, new_path) != 0) {
 		size_t common_dirlen;
 		int error;
 
@@ -82,10 +82,11 @@ int git_diff_file_stats__full_to_buf(
 		if (error < 0)
 			goto on_error;
 	} else {
-		if (git_buf_printf(out, " %s", old_path) < 0)
+		adddel_path = new_path ? new_path : old_path;
+		if (git_buf_printf(out, " %s", adddel_path) < 0)
 			goto on_error;
 
-		padding = stats->max_name - strlen(old_path);
+		padding = stats->max_name - strlen(adddel_path);
 
 		if (stats->renames > 0)
 			padding += strlen(DIFF_RENAME_FILE_SEPARATOR);
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ on_error:
 	return (git_buf_oom(out) ? -1 : 0);
 }
 
-int git_diff_file_stats__number_to_buf(
+static int diff_file_stats_number_to_buf(
 	git_buf *out,
 	const git_diff_delta *delta,
 	const diff_file_stats *filestats)
@@ -151,7 +152,7 @@ int git_diff_file_stats__number_to_buf(
 	return error;
 }
 
-int git_diff_file_stats__summary_to_buf(
+static int diff_file_stats_summary_to_buf(
 	git_buf *out,
 	const git_diff_delta *delta)
 {
@@ -182,7 +183,8 @@ int git_diff_get_stats(
 	git_diff_stats *stats = NULL;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && diff);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff);
 
 	stats = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_diff_stats));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(stats);
@@ -211,7 +213,7 @@ int git_diff_get_stats(
 
 		/* TODO ugh */
 		namelen = strlen(delta->new_file.path);
-		if (strcmp(delta->old_file.path, delta->new_file.path) != 0) {
+		if (delta->old_file.path && strcmp(delta->old_file.path, delta->new_file.path) != 0) {
 			namelen += strlen(delta->old_file.path);
 			stats->renames++;
 		}
@@ -250,7 +252,7 @@ int git_diff_get_stats(
 size_t git_diff_stats_files_changed(
 	const git_diff_stats *stats)
 {
-	assert(stats);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(stats);
 
 	return stats->files_changed;
 }
@@ -258,7 +260,7 @@ size_t git_diff_stats_files_changed(
 size_t git_diff_stats_insertions(
 	const git_diff_stats *stats)
 {
-	assert(stats);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(stats);
 
 	return stats->insertions;
 }
@@ -266,7 +268,7 @@ size_t git_diff_stats_insertions(
 size_t git_diff_stats_deletions(
 	const git_diff_stats *stats)
 {
-	assert(stats);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(stats);
 
 	return stats->deletions;
 }
@@ -281,14 +283,15 @@ int git_diff_stats_to_buf(
 	size_t i;
 	const git_diff_delta *delta;
 
-	assert(out && stats);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(stats);
 
 	if (format & GIT_DIFF_STATS_NUMBER) {
 		for (i = 0; i < stats->files_changed; ++i) {
 			if ((delta = git_diff_get_delta(stats->diff, i)) == NULL)
 				continue;
 
-			error = git_diff_file_stats__number_to_buf(
+			error = diff_file_stats_number_to_buf(
 				out, delta, &stats->filestats[i]);
 			if (error < 0)
 				return error;
@@ -309,7 +312,7 @@ int git_diff_stats_to_buf(
 			if ((delta = git_diff_get_delta(stats->diff, i)) == NULL)
 				continue;
 
-			error = git_diff_file_stats__full_to_buf(
+			error = diff_file_stats_full_to_buf(
 				out, delta, &stats->filestats[i], stats, width);
 			if (error < 0)
 				return error;
@@ -342,7 +345,7 @@ int git_diff_stats_to_buf(
 			if ((delta = git_diff_get_delta(stats->diff, i)) == NULL)
 				continue;
 
-			error = git_diff_file_stats__summary_to_buf(out, delta);
+			error = diff_file_stats_summary_to_buf(out, delta);
 			if (error < 0)
 				return error;
 		}
diff --git a/src/diff_tform.c b/src/diff_tform.c
index 437144a..908175d 100644
--- a/src/diff_tform.c
+++ b/src/diff_tform.c
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ git_diff_delta *git_diff__merge_like_cgit(
 		a->status == GIT_DELTA_UNREADABLE)
 		return dup;
 
-	assert(b->status != GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED);
+	GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL(b->status != GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED, NULL);
 
 	/* A cgit exception is that the diff of a file that is only in the
 	 * index (i.e. not in HEAD nor workdir) is given as empty.
@@ -121,7 +121,8 @@ int git_diff__merge(
 	bool ignore_case, reversed;
 	unsigned int i, j;
 
-	assert(onto && from);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(onto);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(from);
 
 	if (!from->deltas.length)
 		return 0;
@@ -136,11 +137,10 @@ int git_diff__merge(
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	if (git_vector_init(&onto_new, onto->deltas.length, git_diff_delta__cmp) < 0)
+	if (git_vector_init(&onto_new, onto->deltas.length, git_diff_delta__cmp) < 0 ||
+	    git_pool_init(&onto_pool, 1) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	git_pool_init(&onto_pool, 1);
-
 	for (i = 0, j = 0; i < onto->deltas.length || j < from->deltas.length; ) {
 		git_diff_delta *o = GIT_VECTOR_GET(&onto->deltas, i);
 		const git_diff_delta *f = GIT_VECTOR_GET(&from->deltas, j);
@@ -476,8 +476,8 @@ static int similarity_sig(
 	git_diff_file *file = info->file;
 
 	if (info->src == GIT_ITERATOR_WORKDIR) {
-		if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(
-			&info->data, git_repository_workdir(info->repo), file->path)) < 0)
+		if ((error = git_repository_workdir_path(
+			&info->data, info->repo, file->path)) < 0)
 			return error;
 
 		/* if path is not a regular file, just skip this item */
@@ -816,7 +816,7 @@ int git_diff_find_similar(
 	diff_find_match *best_match;
 	git_diff_file swap;
 
-	assert(diff);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff);
 
 	if ((error = normalize_find_opts(diff, &opts, given_opts)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -979,7 +979,7 @@ find_best_matches:
 				src->flags |= GIT_DIFF_FLAG__TO_DELETE;
 				num_rewrites++;
 			} else {
-				assert(delta_is_split(tgt));
+				GIT_ASSERT(delta_is_split(tgt));
 
 				if (best_match->similarity < opts.rename_from_rewrite_threshold)
 					continue;
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ find_best_matches:
 				delta_make_rename(tgt, src, best_match->similarity);
 				num_rewrites--;
 
-				assert(src->status == GIT_DELTA_DELETED);
+				GIT_ASSERT(src->status == GIT_DELTA_DELETED);
 				memcpy(&src->old_file, &swap, sizeof(src->old_file));
 				memset(&src->new_file, 0, sizeof(src->new_file));
 				src->new_file.path = src->old_file.path;
@@ -1025,7 +1025,7 @@ find_best_matches:
 
 				num_updates++;
 			} else {
-				assert(delta_is_split(src));
+				GIT_ASSERT(delta_is_split(src));
 
 				if (best_match->similarity < opts.rename_from_rewrite_threshold)
 					continue;
@@ -1039,7 +1039,7 @@ find_best_matches:
 				memcpy(&src->old_file, &swap, sizeof(src->old_file));
 
 				/* if we've just swapped the new element into the correct
-				 * place, clear the SPLIT flag
+				 * place, clear the SPLIT and RENAME_TARGET flags
 				 */
 				if (tgt2src[s].idx == t &&
 					tgt2src[s].similarity >
@@ -1047,7 +1047,7 @@ find_best_matches:
 					src->status     = GIT_DELTA_RENAMED;
 					src->similarity = tgt2src[s].similarity;
 					tgt2src[s].similarity = 0;
-					src->flags &= ~GIT_DIFF_FLAG__TO_SPLIT;
+					src->flags &= ~(GIT_DIFF_FLAG__TO_SPLIT | GIT_DIFF_FLAG__IS_RENAME_TARGET);
 					num_rewrites--;
 				}
 				/* otherwise, if we just overwrote a source, update mapping */
diff --git a/src/diff_xdiff.c b/src/diff_xdiff.c
index c4668fa..278e2be 100644
--- a/src/diff_xdiff.c
+++ b/src/diff_xdiff.c
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
  */
 
 #include "diff_xdiff.h"
-#include "util.h"
 
 #include "git2/errors.h"
 #include "diff.h"
@@ -128,7 +127,7 @@ static int git_xdiff_cb(void *priv, mmbuffer_t *bufs, int len)
 			info->hunk.header_len = sizeof(info->hunk.header) - 1;
 
 		/* Sanitize the hunk header in case there is invalid Unicode */
-		buffer_len = git__utf8_valid_buf_length((const uint8_t *) bufs[0].ptr, info->hunk.header_len);
+		buffer_len = git_utf8_valid_buf_length(bufs[0].ptr, info->hunk.header_len);
 		/* Sanitizing the hunk header may delete the newline, so add it back again if there is room */
 		if (buffer_len < info->hunk.header_len) {
 			bufs[0].ptr[buffer_len] = '\n';
@@ -259,5 +258,8 @@ void git_xdiff_init(git_xdiff_output *xo, const git_diff_options *opts)
 	if (flags & GIT_DIFF_MINIMAL)
 		xo->params.flags |= XDF_NEED_MINIMAL;
 
+	if (flags & GIT_DIFF_IGNORE_BLANK_LINES)
+		xo->params.flags |= XDF_IGNORE_BLANK_LINES;
+
 	xo->callback.outf = git_xdiff_cb;
 }
diff --git a/src/diff_xdiff.h b/src/diff_xdiff.h
index aca80b1..9b303e9 100644
--- a/src/diff_xdiff.h
+++ b/src/diff_xdiff.h
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 /* xdiff cannot cope with large files.  these files should not be passed to
  * xdiff.  callers should treat these large files as binary.
  */
-#define GIT_XDIFF_MAX_SIZE (1024LL * 1024 * 1023)
+#define GIT_XDIFF_MAX_SIZE (INT64_C(1024) * 1024 * 1023)
 
 /* A git_xdiff_output is a git_patch_generate_output with extra fields
  * necessary to use libxdiff.  Calling git_xdiff_init() will set the diff_cb
diff --git a/src/errors.c b/src/errors.c
index b34aa3a..3d1d1c9 100644
--- a/src/errors.c
+++ b/src/errors.c
@@ -7,9 +7,10 @@
 
 #include "common.h"
 
-#include "global.h"
+#include "threadstate.h"
 #include "posix.h"
 #include "buffer.h"
+#include "libgit2.h"
 
 /********************************************
  * New error handling
@@ -20,20 +21,25 @@ static git_error g_git_oom_error = {
 	GIT_ERROR_NOMEMORY
 };
 
+static git_error g_git_uninitialized_error = {
+	"libgit2 has not been initialized; you must call git_libgit2_init",
+	GIT_ERROR_INVALID
+};
+
 static void set_error_from_buffer(int error_class)
 {
-	git_error *error = &GIT_GLOBAL->error_t;
-	git_buf *buf = &GIT_GLOBAL->error_buf;
+	git_error *error = &GIT_THREADSTATE->error_t;
+	git_buf *buf = &GIT_THREADSTATE->error_buf;
 
 	error->message = buf->ptr;
 	error->klass = error_class;
 
-	GIT_GLOBAL->last_error = error;
+	GIT_THREADSTATE->last_error = error;
 }
 
 static void set_error(int error_class, char *string)
 {
-	git_buf *buf = &GIT_GLOBAL->error_buf;
+	git_buf *buf = &GIT_THREADSTATE->error_buf;
 
 	git_buf_clear(buf);
 	if (string) {
@@ -46,7 +52,7 @@ static void set_error(int error_class, char *string)
 
 void git_error_set_oom(void)
 {
-	GIT_GLOBAL->last_error = &g_git_oom_error;
+	GIT_THREADSTATE->last_error = &g_git_oom_error;
 }
 
 void git_error_set(int error_class, const char *fmt, ...)
@@ -64,7 +70,7 @@ void git_error_vset(int error_class, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 	DWORD win32_error_code = (error_class == GIT_ERROR_OS) ? GetLastError() : 0;
 #endif
 	int error_code = (error_class == GIT_ERROR_OS) ? errno : 0;
-	git_buf *buf = &GIT_GLOBAL->error_buf;
+	git_buf *buf = &GIT_THREADSTATE->error_buf;
 
 	git_buf_clear(buf);
 	if (fmt) {
@@ -97,9 +103,9 @@ void git_error_vset(int error_class, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 
 int git_error_set_str(int error_class, const char *string)
 {
-	git_buf *buf = &GIT_GLOBAL->error_buf;
+	git_buf *buf = &GIT_THREADSTATE->error_buf;
 
-	assert(string);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(string);
 
 	if (!string) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "unspecified caller error");
@@ -118,9 +124,9 @@ int git_error_set_str(int error_class, const char *string)
 
 void git_error_clear(void)
 {
-	if (GIT_GLOBAL->last_error != NULL) {
+	if (GIT_THREADSTATE->last_error != NULL) {
 		set_error(0, NULL);
-		GIT_GLOBAL->last_error = NULL;
+		GIT_THREADSTATE->last_error = NULL;
 	}
 
 	errno = 0;
@@ -131,13 +137,17 @@ void git_error_clear(void)
 
 const git_error *git_error_last(void)
 {
-	return GIT_GLOBAL->last_error;
+	/* If the library is not initialized, return a static error. */
+	if (!git_libgit2_init_count())
+		return &g_git_uninitialized_error;
+
+	return GIT_THREADSTATE->last_error;
 }
 
 int git_error_state_capture(git_error_state *state, int error_code)
 {
-	git_error *error = GIT_GLOBAL->last_error;
-	git_buf *error_buf = &GIT_GLOBAL->error_buf;
+	git_error *error = GIT_THREADSTATE->last_error;
+	git_buf *error_buf = &GIT_THREADSTATE->error_buf;
 
 	memset(state, 0, sizeof(git_error_state));
 
@@ -210,6 +220,7 @@ void git_error_system_set(int code)
 
 /* Deprecated error values and functions */
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 const git_error *giterr_last(void)
 {
 	return git_error_last();
@@ -229,3 +240,4 @@ void giterr_set_oom(void)
 {
 	git_error_set_oom();
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/features.h.in b/src/features.h.in
index e000de5..202cef4 100644
--- a/src/features.h.in
+++ b/src/features.h.in
@@ -2,9 +2,12 @@
 #define INCLUDE_features_h__
 
 #cmakedefine GIT_DEBUG_POOL 1
+#cmakedefine GIT_DEBUG_STRICT_ALLOC 1
+#cmakedefine GIT_DEBUG_STRICT_OPEN 1
+
 #cmakedefine GIT_TRACE 1
 #cmakedefine GIT_THREADS 1
-#cmakedefine GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG 1
+#cmakedefine GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK 1
 
 #cmakedefine GIT_ARCH_64 1
 #cmakedefine GIT_ARCH_32 1
@@ -32,6 +35,7 @@
 #cmakedefine GIT_WINHTTP 1
 #cmakedefine GIT_HTTPS 1
 #cmakedefine GIT_OPENSSL 1
+#cmakedefine GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC 1
 #cmakedefine GIT_SECURE_TRANSPORT 1
 #cmakedefine GIT_MBEDTLS 1
 
diff --git a/src/fetch.c b/src/fetch.c
index f2f3131..dedbb54 100644
--- a/src/fetch.c
+++ b/src/fetch.c
@@ -21,9 +21,12 @@
 
 static int maybe_want(git_remote *remote, git_remote_head *head, git_odb *odb, git_refspec *tagspec, git_remote_autotag_option_t tagopt)
 {
-	int match = 0;
+	int match = 0, valid;
 
-	if (!git_reference_is_valid_name(head->name))
+	if (git_reference_name_is_valid(&valid, head->name) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (!valid)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (tagopt == GIT_REMOTE_DOWNLOAD_TAGS_ALL) {
@@ -155,7 +158,9 @@ int git_fetch_options_init(git_fetch_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_fetch_init_options(git_fetch_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_fetch_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/fetchhead.c b/src/fetchhead.c
index ea610f3..88c567e 100644
--- a/src/fetchhead.c
+++ b/src/fetchhead.c
@@ -73,7 +73,8 @@ int git_fetchhead_ref_create(
 {
 	git_fetchhead_ref *fetchhead_ref;
 
-	assert(out && oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -108,7 +109,8 @@ static int fetchhead_ref_write(
 	const char *type, *name;
 	int head = 0;
 
-	assert(file && fetchhead_ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(fetchhead_ref);
 
 	git_oid_fmt(oid, &fetchhead_ref->oid);
 	oid[GIT_OID_HEXSZ] = '\0';
@@ -145,7 +147,8 @@ int git_fetchhead_write(git_repository *repo, git_vector *fetchhead_refs)
 	unsigned int i;
 	git_fetchhead_ref *fetchhead_ref;
 
-	assert(repo && fetchhead_refs);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(fetchhead_refs);
 
 	if (git_buf_joinpath(&path, repo->gitdir, GIT_FETCH_HEAD_FILE) < 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -279,7 +282,8 @@ int git_repository_fetchhead_foreach(git_repository *repo,
 	size_t line_num = 0;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(repo && cb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cb);
 
 	if (git_buf_joinpath(&path, repo->gitdir, GIT_FETCH_HEAD_FILE) < 0)
 		return -1;
diff --git a/src/filebuf.c b/src/filebuf.c
index e12a9ea..a3f6b14 100644
--- a/src/filebuf.c
+++ b/src/filebuf.c
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ static int write_deflate(git_filebuf *file, void *source, size_t len)
 
 		} while (zs->avail_out == 0);
 
-		assert(zs->avail_in == 0);
+		GIT_ASSERT(zs->avail_in == 0);
 
 		if (file->compute_digest)
 			git_hash_update(&file->digest, source, len);
@@ -278,10 +278,9 @@ int git_filebuf_open_withsize(git_filebuf *file, const char *path, int flags, mo
 	int compression, error = -1;
 	size_t path_len, alloc_len;
 
-	/* opening an already open buffer is a programming error;
-	 * assert that this never happens instead of returning
-	 * an error code */
-	assert(file && path && file->buffer == NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
+	GIT_ASSERT(file->buffer == NULL);
 
 	memset(file, 0x0, sizeof(git_filebuf));
 
@@ -389,7 +388,9 @@ cleanup:
 
 int git_filebuf_hash(git_oid *oid, git_filebuf *file)
 {
-	assert(oid && file && file->compute_digest);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file->compute_digest);
 
 	flush_buffer(file);
 
@@ -415,7 +416,8 @@ int git_filebuf_commit_at(git_filebuf *file, const char *path)
 int git_filebuf_commit(git_filebuf *file)
 {
 	/* temporary files cannot be committed */
-	assert(file && file->path_original);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file);
+	GIT_ASSERT(file->path_original);
 
 	file->flush_mode = Z_FINISH;
 	flush_buffer(file);
diff --git a/src/filter.c b/src/filter.c
index bb9d66a..eed175e 100644
--- a/src/filter.c
+++ b/src/filter.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #include "futils.h"
 #include "hash.h"
 #include "repository.h"
-#include "global.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
 #include "git2/sys/filter.h"
 #include "git2/config.h"
 #include "blob.h"
@@ -19,12 +19,12 @@
 #include "array.h"
 
 struct git_filter_source {
-	git_repository *repo;
-	const char     *path;
-	git_oid         oid;  /* zero if unknown (which is likely) */
-	uint16_t        filemode; /* zero if unknown */
-	git_filter_mode_t mode;
-	uint32_t        flags;
+	git_repository    *repo;
+	const char        *path;
+	git_oid            oid;  /* zero if unknown (which is likely) */
+	uint16_t           filemode; /* zero if unknown */
+	git_filter_mode_t  mode;
+	git_filter_options options;
 };
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ int git_filter_global_init(void)
 			GIT_FILTER_IDENT, ident, GIT_FILTER_IDENT_PRIORITY) < 0)
 		error = -1;
 
-	git__on_shutdown(git_filter_global_shutdown);
+	error = git_runtime_shutdown_register(git_filter_global_shutdown);
 
 done:
 	if (error) {
@@ -266,7 +266,8 @@ int git_filter_register(
 {
 	int error;
 
-	assert(name && filter);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(filter);
 
 	if (git_rwlock_wrlock(&filter_registry.lock) < 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to lock filter registry");
@@ -293,7 +294,7 @@ int git_filter_unregister(const char *name)
 	git_filter_def *fdef;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	/* cannot unregister default filters */
 	if (!strcmp(GIT_FILTER_CRLF, name) || !strcmp(GIT_FILTER_IDENT, name)) {
@@ -395,7 +396,7 @@ git_filter_mode_t git_filter_source_mode(const git_filter_source *src)
 
 uint32_t git_filter_source_flags(const git_filter_source *src)
 {
-	return src->flags;
+	return src->options.flags;
 }
 
 static int filter_list_new(
@@ -415,7 +416,8 @@ static int filter_list_new(
 	fl->source.repo = src->repo;
 	fl->source.path = fl->path;
 	fl->source.mode = src->mode;
-	fl->source.flags = src->flags;
+
+	memcpy(&fl->source.options, &src->options, sizeof(git_filter_options));
 
 	*out = fl;
 	return 0;
@@ -424,25 +426,30 @@ static int filter_list_new(
 static int filter_list_check_attributes(
 	const char ***out,
 	git_repository *repo,
-	git_attr_session *attr_session,
+	git_filter_session *filter_session,
 	git_filter_def *fdef,
 	const git_filter_source *src)
 {
 	const char **strs = git__calloc(fdef->nattrs, sizeof(const char *));
-	uint32_t flags = 0;
+	git_attr_options attr_opts = GIT_ATTR_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	size_t i;
 	int error;
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(strs);
 
-	if ((src->flags & GIT_FILTER_NO_SYSTEM_ATTRIBUTES) != 0)
-		flags |= GIT_ATTR_CHECK_NO_SYSTEM;
+	if ((src->options.flags & GIT_FILTER_NO_SYSTEM_ATTRIBUTES) != 0)
+		attr_opts.flags |= GIT_ATTR_CHECK_NO_SYSTEM;
+
+	if ((src->options.flags & GIT_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_HEAD) != 0)
+		attr_opts.flags |= GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_HEAD;
 
-	if ((src->flags & GIT_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_HEAD) != 0)
-		flags |= GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_HEAD;
+	if ((src->options.flags & GIT_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_COMMIT) != 0) {
+		attr_opts.flags |= GIT_ATTR_CHECK_INCLUDE_COMMIT;
+		attr_opts.commit_id = src->options.commit_id;
+	}
 
 	error = git_attr_get_many_with_session(
-		strs, repo, attr_session, flags, src->path, fdef->nattrs, fdef->attrs);
+		strs, repo, filter_session->attr_session, &attr_opts, src->path, fdef->nattrs, fdef->attrs);
 
 	/* if no values were found but no matches are needed, it's okay! */
 	if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND && !fdef->nmatches) {
@@ -487,17 +494,17 @@ int git_filter_list_new(
 	src.repo = repo;
 	src.path = NULL;
 	src.mode = mode;
-	src.flags = flags;
+	src.options.flags = flags;
 	return filter_list_new(out, &src);
 }
 
-int git_filter_list__load_ext(
+int git_filter_list__load(
 	git_filter_list **filters,
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_blob *blob, /* can be NULL */
 	const char *path,
 	git_filter_mode_t mode,
-	git_filter_options *filter_opts)
+	git_filter_session *filter_session)
 {
 	int error = 0;
 	git_filter_list *fl = NULL;
@@ -514,7 +521,8 @@ int git_filter_list__load_ext(
 	src.repo = repo;
 	src.path = path;
 	src.mode = mode;
-	src.flags = filter_opts->flags;
+
+	memcpy(&src.options, &filter_session->options, sizeof(git_filter_options));
 
 	if (blob)
 		git_oid_cpy(&src.oid, git_blob_id(blob));
@@ -528,7 +536,8 @@ int git_filter_list__load_ext(
 
 		if (fdef->nattrs > 0) {
 			error = filter_list_check_attributes(
-				&values, repo, filter_opts->attr_session, fdef, &src);
+				&values, repo,
+				filter_session, fdef, &src);
 
 			if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND) {
 				error = 0;
@@ -555,7 +564,7 @@ int git_filter_list__load_ext(
 				if ((error = filter_list_new(&fl, &src)) < 0)
 					break;
 
-				fl->temp_buf = filter_opts->temp_buf;
+				fl->temp_buf = filter_session->temp_buf;
 			}
 
 			fe = git_array_alloc(fl->filters);
@@ -579,6 +588,23 @@ int git_filter_list__load_ext(
 	return error;
 }
 
+int git_filter_list_load_ext(
+	git_filter_list **filters,
+	git_repository *repo,
+	git_blob *blob, /* can be NULL */
+	const char *path,
+	git_filter_mode_t mode,
+	git_filter_options *opts)
+{
+	git_filter_session filter_session = GIT_FILTER_SESSION_INIT;
+
+	if (opts)
+		memcpy(&filter_session.options, opts, sizeof(git_filter_options));
+
+	return git_filter_list__load(
+		filters, repo, blob, path, mode, &filter_session);
+}
+
 int git_filter_list_load(
 	git_filter_list **filters,
 	git_repository *repo,
@@ -587,12 +613,12 @@ int git_filter_list_load(
 	git_filter_mode_t mode,
 	uint32_t flags)
 {
-	git_filter_options filter_opts = GIT_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT;
+	git_filter_session filter_session = GIT_FILTER_SESSION_INIT;
 
-	filter_opts.flags = flags;
+	filter_session.options.flags = flags;
 
-	return git_filter_list__load_ext(
-		filters, repo, blob, path, mode, &filter_opts);
+	return git_filter_list__load(
+		filters, repo, blob, path, mode, &filter_session);
 }
 
 void git_filter_list_free(git_filter_list *fl)
@@ -618,7 +644,7 @@ int git_filter_list_contains(
 {
 	size_t i;
 
-	assert(name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	if (!fl)
 		return 0;
@@ -639,7 +665,8 @@ int git_filter_list_push(
 	git_filter_def *fdef = NULL;
 	git_filter_entry *fe;
 
-	assert(fl && filter);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(fl);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(filter);
 
 	if (git_rwlock_rdlock(&filter_registry.lock) < 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to lock filter registry");
@@ -684,9 +711,8 @@ static int buf_stream_write(
 	git_writestream *s, const char *buffer, size_t len)
 {
 	struct buf_stream *buf_stream = (struct buf_stream *)s;
-	assert(buf_stream);
-
-	assert(buf_stream->complete == 0);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(buf_stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT(buf_stream->complete == 0);
 
 	return git_buf_put(buf_stream->target, buffer, len);
 }
@@ -694,9 +720,9 @@ static int buf_stream_write(
 static int buf_stream_close(git_writestream *s)
 {
 	struct buf_stream *buf_stream = (struct buf_stream *)s;
-	assert(buf_stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(buf_stream);
 
-	assert(buf_stream->complete == 0);
+	GIT_ASSERT(buf_stream->complete == 0);
 	buf_stream->complete = 1;
 
 	return 0;
@@ -719,27 +745,47 @@ static void buf_stream_init(struct buf_stream *writer, git_buf *target)
 	git_buf_clear(target);
 }
 
-int git_filter_list_apply_to_data(
-	git_buf *tgt, git_filter_list *filters, git_buf *src)
+int git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(
+	git_buf *out,
+	git_filter_list *filters,
+	const char *in,
+	size_t in_len)
 {
 	struct buf_stream writer;
 	int error;
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(tgt);
-	git_buf_sanitize(src);
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	buf_stream_init(&writer, out);
 
-	if (!filters) {
-		git_buf_attach_notowned(tgt, src->ptr, src->size);
+	if ((error = git_filter_list_stream_buffer(filters,
+		in, in_len, &writer.parent)) < 0)
+			return error;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT(writer.complete);
+	return error;
+}
+
+int git_filter_list__convert_buf(
+	git_buf *out,
+	git_filter_list *filters,
+	git_buf *in)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	if (!filters || git_filter_list_length(filters) == 0) {
+		git_buf_swap(out, in);
+		git_buf_dispose(in);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	buf_stream_init(&writer, tgt);
+	error = git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(out, filters,
+		in->ptr, in->size);
 
-	if ((error = git_filter_list_stream_data(filters, src,
-		&writer.parent)) < 0)
-			return error;
+	if (!error)
+		git_buf_dispose(in);
 
-	assert(writer.complete);
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -758,7 +804,7 @@ int git_filter_list_apply_to_file(
 		filters, repo, path, &writer.parent)) < 0)
 			return error;
 
-	assert(writer.complete);
+	GIT_ASSERT(writer.complete);
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -789,7 +835,7 @@ int git_filter_list_apply_to_blob(
 		filters, blob, &writer.parent)) < 0)
 			return error;
 
-	assert(writer.complete);
+	GIT_ASSERT(writer.complete);
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -808,7 +854,7 @@ static int proxy_stream_write(
 	git_writestream *s, const char *buffer, size_t len)
 {
 	struct proxy_stream *proxy_stream = (struct proxy_stream *)s;
-	assert(proxy_stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(proxy_stream);
 
 	return git_buf_put(&proxy_stream->input, buffer, len);
 }
@@ -820,7 +866,7 @@ static int proxy_stream_close(git_writestream *s)
 	git_error_state error_state = {0};
 	int error;
 
-	assert(proxy_stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(proxy_stream);
 
 	error = proxy_stream->filter->apply(
 		proxy_stream->filter,
@@ -832,7 +878,9 @@ static int proxy_stream_close(git_writestream *s)
 	if (error == GIT_PASSTHROUGH) {
 		writebuf = &proxy_stream->input;
 	} else if (error == 0) {
-		git_buf_sanitize(proxy_stream->output);
+		if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(proxy_stream->output)) < 0)
+			return error;
+
 		writebuf = proxy_stream->output;
 	} else {
 		/* close stream before erroring out taking care
@@ -853,11 +901,12 @@ static int proxy_stream_close(git_writestream *s)
 static void proxy_stream_free(git_writestream *s)
 {
 	struct proxy_stream *proxy_stream = (struct proxy_stream *)s;
-	assert(proxy_stream);
 
-	git_buf_dispose(&proxy_stream->input);
-	git_buf_dispose(&proxy_stream->temp_buf);
-	git__free(proxy_stream);
+	if (proxy_stream) {
+		git_buf_dispose(&proxy_stream->input);
+		git_buf_dispose(&proxy_stream->temp_buf);
+		git__free(proxy_stream);
+	}
 }
 
 static int proxy_stream_init(
@@ -911,7 +960,7 @@ static int stream_list_init(
 		git_filter_entry *fe = git_array_get(filters->filters, filter_idx);
 		git_writestream *filter_stream;
 
-		assert(fe->filter->stream || fe->filter->apply);
+		GIT_ASSERT(fe->filter->stream || fe->filter->apply);
 
 		/* If necessary, create a stream that proxies the traditional
 		 * application.
@@ -941,7 +990,7 @@ out:
 	return error;
 }
 
-void stream_list_free(git_vector *streams)
+static void filter_streams_free(git_vector *streams)
 {
 	git_writestream *stream;
 	size_t i;
@@ -967,8 +1016,10 @@ int git_filter_list_stream_file(
 
 	if ((error = stream_list_init(
 			&stream_start, &filter_streams, filters, target)) < 0 ||
-		(error = git_path_join_unrooted(&abspath, path, base, NULL)) < 0)
+	    (error = git_path_join_unrooted(&abspath, path, base, NULL)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_path_validate_workdir_buf(repo, &abspath)) < 0)
 		goto done;
+
 	initialized = 1;
 
 	if ((fd = git_futils_open_ro(abspath.ptr)) < 0) {
@@ -990,35 +1041,33 @@ done:
 
 	if (fd >= 0)
 		p_close(fd);
-	stream_list_free(&filter_streams);
+	filter_streams_free(&filter_streams);
 	git_buf_dispose(&abspath);
 	return error;
 }
 
-int git_filter_list_stream_data(
+int git_filter_list_stream_buffer(
 	git_filter_list *filters,
-	git_buf *data,
+	const char *buffer,
+	size_t len,
 	git_writestream *target)
 {
 	git_vector filter_streams = GIT_VECTOR_INIT;
 	git_writestream *stream_start;
 	int error, initialized = 0;
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(data);
-
 	if ((error = stream_list_init(&stream_start, &filter_streams, filters, target)) < 0)
 		goto out;
 	initialized = 1;
 
-	if ((error = stream_start->write(
-			stream_start, data->ptr, data->size)) < 0)
+	if ((error = stream_start->write(stream_start, buffer, len)) < 0)
 		goto out;
 
 out:
 	if (initialized)
 		error |= stream_start->close(stream_start);
 
-	stream_list_free(&filter_streams);
+	filter_streams_free(&filter_streams);
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -1035,7 +1084,7 @@ int git_filter_list_stream_blob(
 	if (filters)
 		git_oid_cpy(&filters->source.oid, git_blob_id(blob));
 
-	return git_filter_list_stream_data(filters, &in, target);
+	return git_filter_list_stream_buffer(filters, in.ptr, in.size, target);
 }
 
 int git_filter_init(git_filter *filter, unsigned int version)
@@ -1043,3 +1092,31 @@ int git_filter_init(git_filter *filter, unsigned int version)
 	GIT_INIT_STRUCTURE_FROM_TEMPLATE(filter, version, git_filter, GIT_FILTER_INIT);
 	return 0;
 }
+
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
+
+int git_filter_list_stream_data(
+	git_filter_list *filters,
+	git_buf *data,
+	git_writestream *target)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(data)) < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	return git_filter_list_stream_buffer(filters, data->ptr, data->size, target);
+}
+
+int git_filter_list_apply_to_data(
+	git_buf *tgt, git_filter_list *filters, git_buf *src)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(src)) < 0)
+	    return error;
+
+	return git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(tgt, filters, src->ptr, src->size);
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/filter.h b/src/filter.h
index 34081fb..55ed50e 100644
--- a/src/filter.h
+++ b/src/filter.h
@@ -16,24 +16,33 @@
 #define GIT_FILTER_BYTES_TO_CHECK_NUL 8000
 
 typedef struct {
+	git_filter_options options;
 	git_attr_session *attr_session;
 	git_buf *temp_buf;
-	uint32_t flags;
-} git_filter_options;
+} git_filter_session;
 
-#define GIT_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT {0}
+#define GIT_FILTER_SESSION_INIT {GIT_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT, 0}
 
 extern int git_filter_global_init(void);
 
 extern void git_filter_free(git_filter *filter);
 
-extern int git_filter_list__load_ext(
+extern int git_filter_list__load(
 	git_filter_list **filters,
 	git_repository *repo,
 	git_blob *blob, /* can be NULL */
 	const char *path,
 	git_filter_mode_t mode,
-	git_filter_options *filter_opts);
+	git_filter_session *filter_session);
+
+/*
+ * The given input buffer will be converted to the given output buffer.
+ * The input buffer will be freed (_if_ it was allocated).
+ */
+extern int git_filter_list__convert_buf(
+	git_buf *out,
+	git_filter_list *filters,
+	git_buf *in);
 
 /*
  * Available filters
diff --git a/src/futils.c b/src/futils.c
index a7c360a..a448208 100644
--- a/src/futils.c
+++ b/src/futils.c
@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@
 
 #include "futils.h"
 
-#include "global.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
 #include "strmap.h"
+#include "hash.h"
 #include <ctype.h>
 #if GIT_WIN32
 #include "win32/findfile.h"
@@ -184,7 +185,8 @@ int git_futils_readbuffer_updated(
 	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_oid checksum_new;
 
-	assert(out && path && *path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path && *path);
 
 	if (updated != NULL)
 		*updated = 0;
@@ -492,7 +494,7 @@ int git_futils_mkdir(
 			goto done;
 		}
 
-		assert(len);
+		GIT_ASSERT(len);
 
 		/*
 		 * We've walked all the given path's parents and it's either relative
@@ -834,12 +836,12 @@ int git_futils_rmdir_r(
 	return error;
 }
 
-int git_futils_fake_symlink(const char *old, const char *new)
+int git_futils_fake_symlink(const char *target, const char *path)
 {
 	int retcode = GIT_ERROR;
-	int fd = git_futils_creat_withpath(new, 0755, 0644);
+	int fd = git_futils_creat_withpath(path, 0755, 0644);
 	if (fd >= 0) {
-		retcode = p_write(fd, old, strlen(old));
+		retcode = p_write(fd, target, strlen(target));
 		p_close(fd);
 	}
 	return retcode;
@@ -1127,8 +1129,6 @@ int git_futils_filestamp_check(
 void git_futils_filestamp_set(
 	git_futils_filestamp *target, const git_futils_filestamp *source)
 {
-	assert(target);
-
 	if (source)
 		memcpy(target, source, sizeof(*target));
 	else
diff --git a/src/futils.h b/src/futils.h
index 3d56646..5893612 100644
--- a/src/futils.h
+++ b/src/futils.h
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ extern int git_futils_truncate(const char *path, int mode);
  */
 extern int git_futils_filesize(uint64_t *out, git_file fd);
 
-#define GIT_PERMS_IS_EXEC(MODE)		(((MODE) & 0111) != 0)
+#define GIT_PERMS_IS_EXEC(MODE)		(((MODE) & 0100) != 0)
 #define GIT_PERMS_CANONICAL(MODE)	(GIT_PERMS_IS_EXEC(MODE) ? 0755 : 0644)
 #define GIT_PERMS_FOR_WRITE(MODE)   (GIT_PERMS_IS_EXEC(MODE) ? 0777 : 0666)
 
@@ -316,11 +316,11 @@ extern void git_futils_mmap_free(git_map *map);
 /**
  * Create a "fake" symlink (text file containing the target path).
  *
- * @param new symlink file to be created
- * @param old original symlink target
+ * @param target original symlink target
+ * @param path symlink file to be created
  * @return 0 on success, -1 on error
  */
-extern int git_futils_fake_symlink(const char *new, const char *old);
+extern int git_futils_fake_symlink(const char *target, const char *path);
 
 /**
  * A file stamp represents a snapshot of information about a file that can
diff --git a/src/global.c b/src/global.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 5af35aa..0000000
--- a/src/global.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,361 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-
-#include "global.h"
-
-#include "alloc.h"
-#include "hash.h"
-#include "sysdir.h"
-#include "filter.h"
-#include "merge_driver.h"
-#include "streams/registry.h"
-#include "streams/mbedtls.h"
-#include "streams/openssl.h"
-#include "thread-utils.h"
-#include "git2/global.h"
-#include "transports/ssh.h"
-
-#if defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
-#include "win32/w32_stack.h"
-#include "win32/w32_crtdbg_stacktrace.h"
-#endif
-
-git_mutex git__mwindow_mutex;
-
-typedef int (*git_global_init_fn)(void);
-
-static git_global_init_fn git__init_callbacks[] = {
-	git_allocator_global_init,
-	git_hash_global_init,
-	git_sysdir_global_init,
-	git_filter_global_init,
-	git_merge_driver_global_init,
-	git_transport_ssh_global_init,
-	git_stream_registry_global_init,
-	git_openssl_stream_global_init,
-	git_mbedtls_stream_global_init,
-	git_mwindow_global_init
-};
-
-static git_global_shutdown_fn git__shutdown_callbacks[ARRAY_SIZE(git__init_callbacks)];
-
-static git_atomic git__n_shutdown_callbacks;
-static git_atomic git__n_inits;
-char *git__user_agent;
-char *git__ssl_ciphers;
-
-void git__on_shutdown(git_global_shutdown_fn callback)
-{
-	int count = git_atomic_inc(&git__n_shutdown_callbacks);
-	assert(count <= (int) ARRAY_SIZE(git__shutdown_callbacks) && count > 0);
-	git__shutdown_callbacks[count - 1] = callback;
-}
-
-static void git__global_state_cleanup(git_global_st *st)
-{
-	if (!st)
-		return;
-
-	git__free(st->error_t.message);
-	st->error_t.message = NULL;
-}
-
-static int init_common(void)
-{
-	size_t i;
-	int ret;
-
-	/* Initialize the CRT debug allocator first, before our first malloc */
-#if defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
-	git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace_init();
-	git_win32__stack_init();
-#endif
-
-	/* Initialize subsystems that have global state */
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(git__init_callbacks); i++)
-		if ((ret = git__init_callbacks[i]()) != 0)
-			break;
-
-	GIT_MEMORY_BARRIER;
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static void shutdown_common(void)
-{
-	int pos;
-
-	/* Shutdown subsystems that have registered */
-	for (pos = git_atomic_get(&git__n_shutdown_callbacks);
-		pos > 0;
-		pos = git_atomic_dec(&git__n_shutdown_callbacks)) {
-
-		git_global_shutdown_fn cb = git__swap(
-			git__shutdown_callbacks[pos - 1], NULL);
-
-		if (cb != NULL)
-			cb();
-	}
-
-	git__free(git__user_agent);
-	git__free(git__ssl_ciphers);
-}
-
-/**
- * Handle the global state with TLS
- *
- * If libgit2 is built with GIT_THREADS enabled,
- * the `git_libgit2_init()` function must be called
- * before calling any other function of the library.
- *
- * This function allocates a TLS index (using pthreads
- * or the native Win32 API) to store the global state
- * on a per-thread basis.
- *
- * Any internal method that requires global state will
- * then call `git__global_state()` which returns a pointer
- * to the global state structure; this pointer is lazily
- * allocated on each thread.
- *
- * Before shutting down the library, the
- * `git_libgit2_shutdown` method must be called to free
- * the previously reserved TLS index.
- *
- * If libgit2 is built without threading support, the
- * `git__global_statestate()` call returns a pointer to a single,
- * statically allocated global state. The `git_thread_`
- * functions are not available in that case.
- */
-
-/*
- * `git_libgit2_init()` allows subsystems to perform global setup,
- * which may take place in the global scope.  An explicit memory
- * fence exists at the exit of `git_libgit2_init()`.  Without this,
- * CPU cores are free to reorder cache invalidation of `_tls_init`
- * before cache invalidation of the subsystems' newly written global
- * state.
- */
-#if defined(GIT_THREADS) && defined(GIT_WIN32)
-
-static DWORD _fls_index;
-static volatile LONG _mutex = 0;
-
-static void WINAPI fls_free(void *st)
-{
-	git__global_state_cleanup(st);
-	git__free(st);
-}
-
-static int synchronized_threads_init(void)
-{
-	int error;
-
-	if ((_fls_index = FlsAlloc(fls_free)) == FLS_OUT_OF_INDEXES)
-		return -1;
-
-	git_threads_init();
-
-	if (git_mutex_init(&git__mwindow_mutex))
-		return -1;
-
-	error = init_common();
-
-	return error;
-}
-
-int git_libgit2_init(void)
-{
-	int ret;
-
-	/* Enter the lock */
-	while (InterlockedCompareExchange(&_mutex, 1, 0)) { Sleep(0); }
-
-	/* Only do work on a 0 -> 1 transition of the refcount */
-	if ((ret = git_atomic_inc(&git__n_inits)) == 1) {
-		if (synchronized_threads_init() < 0)
-			ret = -1;
-	}
-
-	/* Exit the lock */
-	InterlockedExchange(&_mutex, 0);
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
-int git_libgit2_shutdown(void)
-{
-	int ret;
-
-	/* Enter the lock */
-	while (InterlockedCompareExchange(&_mutex, 1, 0)) { Sleep(0); }
-
-	/* Only do work on a 1 -> 0 transition of the refcount */
-	if ((ret = git_atomic_dec(&git__n_inits)) == 0) {
-		shutdown_common();
-
-		FlsFree(_fls_index);
-		git_mutex_free(&git__mwindow_mutex);
-
-#if defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
-		git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace_cleanup();
-		git_win32__stack_cleanup();
-#endif
-	}
-
-	/* Exit the lock */
-	InterlockedExchange(&_mutex, 0);
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
-git_global_st *git__global_state(void)
-{
-	git_global_st *ptr;
-
-	assert(git_atomic_get(&git__n_inits) > 0);
-
-	if ((ptr = FlsGetValue(_fls_index)) != NULL)
-		return ptr;
-
-	ptr = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_global_st));
-	if (!ptr)
-		return NULL;
-
-	git_buf_init(&ptr->error_buf, 0);
-
-	FlsSetValue(_fls_index, ptr);
-	return ptr;
-}
-
-#elif defined(GIT_THREADS) && defined(_POSIX_THREADS)
-
-static pthread_key_t _tls_key;
-static pthread_mutex_t _init_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
-static pthread_once_t _once_init = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;
-int init_error = 0;
-
-static void cb__free_status(void *st)
-{
-	git__global_state_cleanup(st);
-	git__free(st);
-}
-
-static void init_once(void)
-{
-	if ((init_error = git_mutex_init(&git__mwindow_mutex)) != 0)
-		return;
-
-	pthread_key_create(&_tls_key, &cb__free_status);
-
-	init_error = init_common();
-}
-
-int git_libgit2_init(void)
-{
-	int ret, err;
-
-	if ((err = pthread_mutex_lock(&_init_mutex)) != 0)
-		return err;
-
-	ret = git_atomic_inc(&git__n_inits);
-	err = pthread_once(&_once_init, init_once);
-	err |= pthread_mutex_unlock(&_init_mutex);
-
-	if (err || init_error)
-		return err | init_error;
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
-int git_libgit2_shutdown(void)
-{
-	void *ptr = NULL;
-	pthread_once_t new_once = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;
-	int error, ret;
-
-	if ((error = pthread_mutex_lock(&_init_mutex)) != 0)
-		return error;
-
-	if ((ret = git_atomic_dec(&git__n_inits)) != 0)
-		goto out;
-
-	/* Shut down any subsystems that have global state */
-	shutdown_common();
-
-	ptr = pthread_getspecific(_tls_key);
-	pthread_setspecific(_tls_key, NULL);
-
-	git__global_state_cleanup(ptr);
-	git__free(ptr);
-
-	pthread_key_delete(_tls_key);
-	git_mutex_free(&git__mwindow_mutex);
-	_once_init = new_once;
-
-out:
-	if ((error = pthread_mutex_unlock(&_init_mutex)) != 0)
-		return error;
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
-git_global_st *git__global_state(void)
-{
-	git_global_st *ptr;
-
-	assert(git_atomic_get(&git__n_inits) > 0);
-
-	if ((ptr = pthread_getspecific(_tls_key)) != NULL)
-		return ptr;
-
-	ptr = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_global_st));
-	if (!ptr)
-		return NULL;
-
-	git_buf_init(&ptr->error_buf, 0);
-	pthread_setspecific(_tls_key, ptr);
-	return ptr;
-}
-
-#else
-
-static git_global_st __state;
-
-int git_libgit2_init(void)
-{
-	int ret;
-
-	/* Only init subsystems the first time */
-	if ((ret = git_atomic_inc(&git__n_inits)) != 1)
-		return ret;
-
-	if ((ret = init_common()) < 0)
-		return ret;
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
-int git_libgit2_shutdown(void)
-{
-	int ret;
-
-	/* Shut down any subsystems that have global state */
-	if ((ret = git_atomic_dec(&git__n_inits)) == 0) {
-		shutdown_common();
-		git__global_state_cleanup(&__state);
-		memset(&__state, 0, sizeof(__state));
-	}
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
-git_global_st *git__global_state(void)
-{
-	return &__state;
-}
-
-#endif /* GIT_THREADS */
diff --git a/src/global.h b/src/global.h
deleted file mode 100644
index db41dad..0000000
--- a/src/global.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-#ifndef INCLUDE_global_h__
-#define INCLUDE_global_h__
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include "mwindow.h"
-#include "hash.h"
-
-typedef struct {
-	git_error *last_error;
-	git_error error_t;
-	git_buf error_buf;
-	char oid_fmt[GIT_OID_HEXSZ+1];
-
-	/* On Windows, this is the current child thread that was started by
-	 * `git_thread_create`.  This is used to set the thread's exit code
-	 * when terminated by `git_thread_exit`.  It is unused on POSIX.
-	 */
-	git_thread *current_thread;
-} git_global_st;
-
-git_global_st *git__global_state(void);
-
-extern git_mutex git__mwindow_mutex;
-
-#define GIT_GLOBAL (git__global_state())
-
-typedef void (*git_global_shutdown_fn)(void);
-
-extern void git__on_shutdown(git_global_shutdown_fn callback);
-
-extern const char *git_libgit2__user_agent(void);
-extern const char *git_libgit2__ssl_ciphers(void);
-
-#endif
diff --git a/src/graph.c b/src/graph.c
index df82f0f..35e914f 100644
--- a/src/graph.c
+++ b/src/graph.c
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ static int mark_parents(git_revwalk *walk, git_commit_list_node *one,
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (git_pqueue_init(&list, 0, 2, git_commit_list_time_cmp) < 0)
+	if (git_pqueue_init(&list, 0, 2, git_commit_list_generation_cmp) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (git_commit_list_parse(walk, one) < 0)
@@ -176,19 +176,74 @@ on_error:
 
 int git_graph_descendant_of(git_repository *repo, const git_oid *commit, const git_oid *ancestor)
 {
-	git_oid merge_base;
-	int error;
-
 	if (git_oid_equal(commit, ancestor))
 		return 0;
 
-	error = git_merge_base(&merge_base, repo, commit, ancestor);
-	/* No merge-base found, it's not a descendant */
-	if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND)
+	return git_graph_reachable_from_any(repo, ancestor, commit, 1);
+}
+
+int git_graph_reachable_from_any(
+		git_repository *repo,
+		const git_oid *commit_id,
+		const git_oid descendant_array[],
+		size_t length)
+{
+	git_revwalk *walk = NULL;
+	git_vector list;
+	git_commit_list *result = NULL;
+	git_commit_list_node *commit;
+	size_t i;
+	uint32_t minimum_generation = 0xffffffff;
+	int error = 0;
+
+	if (!length)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (error < 0)
+	for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+		if (git_oid_equal(commit_id, &descendant_array[i]))
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	if ((error = git_vector_init(&list, length + 1, NULL)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
-	return git_oid_equal(&merge_base, ancestor);
+	if ((error = git_revwalk_new(&walk, repo)) < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+		commit = git_revwalk__commit_lookup(walk, &descendant_array[i]);
+		if (commit == NULL) {
+			error = -1;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		git_vector_insert(&list, commit);
+		if (minimum_generation > commit->generation)
+			minimum_generation = commit->generation;
+	}
+
+	commit = git_revwalk__commit_lookup(walk, commit_id);
+	if (commit == NULL) {
+		error = -1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if (minimum_generation > commit->generation)
+		minimum_generation = commit->generation;
+
+	if ((error = git_merge__bases_many(&result, walk, commit, &list, minimum_generation)) < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (result) {
+		error = git_oid_equal(commit_id, &result->item->oid);
+	} else {
+		/* No merge-base found, it's not a descendant */
+		error = 0;
+	}
+
+done:
+	git_commit_list_free(&result);
+	git_vector_free(&list);
+	git_revwalk_free(walk);
+	return error;
 }
diff --git a/src/hash.c b/src/hash.c
index 405c46a..5a7278e 100644
--- a/src/hash.c
+++ b/src/hash.c
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ int git_hash_ctx_init(git_hash_ctx *ctx)
 {
 	int error;
 
-	if ((error = git_hash_sha1_ctx_init(&ctx->sha1)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_hash_sha1_ctx_init(&ctx->ctx.sha1)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	ctx->algo = GIT_HASH_ALGO_SHA1;
@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@ void git_hash_ctx_cleanup(git_hash_ctx *ctx)
 {
 	switch (ctx->algo) {
 		case GIT_HASH_ALGO_SHA1:
-			git_hash_sha1_ctx_cleanup(&ctx->sha1);
+			git_hash_sha1_ctx_cleanup(&ctx->ctx.sha1);
 			return;
 		default:
-			assert(0);
+			/* unreachable */ ;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -39,33 +39,36 @@ int git_hash_init(git_hash_ctx *ctx)
 {
 	switch (ctx->algo) {
 		case GIT_HASH_ALGO_SHA1:
-			return git_hash_sha1_init(&ctx->sha1);
+			return git_hash_sha1_init(&ctx->ctx.sha1);
 		default:
-			assert(0);
-			return -1;
+			/* unreachable */ ;
 	}
+	GIT_ASSERT(0);
+	return -1;
 }
 
 int git_hash_update(git_hash_ctx *ctx, const void *data, size_t len)
 {
 	switch (ctx->algo) {
 		case GIT_HASH_ALGO_SHA1:
-			return git_hash_sha1_update(&ctx->sha1, data, len);
+			return git_hash_sha1_update(&ctx->ctx.sha1, data, len);
 		default:
-			assert(0);
-			return -1;
+			/* unreachable */ ;
 	}
+	GIT_ASSERT(0);
+	return -1;
 }
 
 int git_hash_final(git_oid *out, git_hash_ctx *ctx)
 {
 	switch (ctx->algo) {
 		case GIT_HASH_ALGO_SHA1:
-			return git_hash_sha1_final(out, &ctx->sha1);
+			return git_hash_sha1_final(out, &ctx->ctx.sha1);
 		default:
-			assert(0);
-			return -1;
+			/* unreachable */ ;
 	}
+	GIT_ASSERT(0);
+	return -1;
 }
 
 int git_hash_buf(git_oid *out, const void *data, size_t len)
@@ -80,7 +83,7 @@ int git_hash_buf(git_oid *out, const void *data, size_t len)
 		error = git_hash_final(out, &ctx);
 
 	git_hash_ctx_cleanup(&ctx);
-	
+
 	return error;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hash.h b/src/hash.h
index 017bb28..87305cc 100644
--- a/src/hash.h
+++ b/src/hash.h
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ typedef enum {
 typedef struct git_hash_ctx {
 	union {
 		git_hash_sha1_ctx sha1;
-	};
+	} ctx;
 	git_hash_algo_t algo;
 } git_hash_ctx;
 
diff --git a/src/hash/sha1/collisiondetect.c b/src/hash/sha1/collisiondetect.c
index e6a1267..722ebf3 100644
--- a/src/hash/sha1/collisiondetect.c
+++ b/src/hash/sha1/collisiondetect.c
@@ -24,21 +24,21 @@ void git_hash_sha1_ctx_cleanup(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 
 int git_hash_sha1_init(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	assert(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
 	SHA1DCInit(&ctx->c);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int git_hash_sha1_update(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx, const void *data, size_t len)
 {
-	assert(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
 	SHA1DCUpdate(&ctx->c, data, len);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int git_hash_sha1_final(git_oid *out, git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	assert(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
 	if (SHA1DCFinal(out->id, &ctx->c)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SHA1, "SHA1 collision attack detected");
 		return -1;
diff --git a/src/hash/sha1/common_crypto.c b/src/hash/sha1/common_crypto.c
index 0449a3c..4250e0b 100644
--- a/src/hash/sha1/common_crypto.c
+++ b/src/hash/sha1/common_crypto.c
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ void git_hash_sha1_ctx_cleanup(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 
 int git_hash_sha1_init(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	assert(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
 	CC_SHA1_Init(&ctx->c);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ int git_hash_sha1_update(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx, const void *_data, size_t len)
 {
 	const unsigned char *data = _data;
 
-	assert(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
 
 	while (len > 0) {
 		CC_LONG chunk = (len > CC_LONG_MAX) ? CC_LONG_MAX : (CC_LONG)len;
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ int git_hash_sha1_update(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx, const void *_data, size_t len)
 
 int git_hash_sha1_final(git_oid *out, git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	assert(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
 	CC_SHA1_Final(out->id, &ctx->c);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/hash/sha1/generic.h b/src/hash/sha1/generic.h
index e4cc602..53fc082 100644
--- a/src/hash/sha1/generic.h
+++ b/src/hash/sha1/generic.h
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #include "hash/sha1.h"
 
 struct git_hash_sha1_ctx {
-	unsigned long long size;
+	uint64_t size;
 	unsigned int H[5];
 	unsigned int W[16];
 };
diff --git a/src/hash/sha1/mbedtls.c b/src/hash/sha1/mbedtls.c
index e44343f..04e7da5 100644
--- a/src/hash/sha1/mbedtls.c
+++ b/src/hash/sha1/mbedtls.c
@@ -19,28 +19,28 @@ int git_hash_sha1_ctx_init(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 
 void git_hash_sha1_ctx_cleanup(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 {
-    assert(ctx);
-    mbedtls_sha1_free(&ctx->c);
+	if (ctx)
+		mbedtls_sha1_free(&ctx->c);
 }
 
 int git_hash_sha1_init(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 {
-    assert(ctx);
-    mbedtls_sha1_init(&ctx->c);
-    mbedtls_sha1_starts(&ctx->c);
-    return 0;
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
+	mbedtls_sha1_init(&ctx->c);
+	mbedtls_sha1_starts(&ctx->c);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int git_hash_sha1_update(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx, const void *data, size_t len)
 {
-    assert(ctx);
-    mbedtls_sha1_update(&ctx->c, data, len);
-    return 0;
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
+	mbedtls_sha1_update(&ctx->c, data, len);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int git_hash_sha1_final(git_oid *out, git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 {
-    assert(ctx);
-    mbedtls_sha1_finish(&ctx->c, out->id);
-    return 0;
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
+	mbedtls_sha1_finish(&ctx->c, out->id);
+	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/hash/sha1/openssl.c b/src/hash/sha1/openssl.c
index ba3212f..68d9611 100644
--- a/src/hash/sha1/openssl.c
+++ b/src/hash/sha1/openssl.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ void git_hash_sha1_ctx_cleanup(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 
 int git_hash_sha1_init(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	assert(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
 
 	if (SHA1_Init(&ctx->c) != 1) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SHA1, "hash_openssl: failed to initialize hash context");
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ int git_hash_sha1_init(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 
 int git_hash_sha1_update(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx, const void *data, size_t len)
 {
-	assert(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
 
 	if (SHA1_Update(&ctx->c, data, len) != 1) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SHA1, "hash_openssl: failed to update hash");
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ int git_hash_sha1_update(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx, const void *data, size_t len)
 
 int git_hash_sha1_final(git_oid *out, git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	assert(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
 
 	if (SHA1_Final(out->id, &ctx->c) != 1) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SHA1, "hash_openssl: failed to finalize hash");
diff --git a/src/hash/sha1/sha1dc/sha1.c b/src/hash/sha1/sha1dc/sha1.c
index 9d3cf81..86b8cc0 100644
--- a/src/hash/sha1/sha1dc/sha1.c
+++ b/src/hash/sha1/sha1dc/sha1.c
@@ -10,10 +10,8 @@
 #include <memory.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#ifdef __unix__
 #include <sys/types.h> /* make sure macros like _BIG_ENDIAN visible */
 #endif
-#endif
 
 #ifdef SHA1DC_CUSTOM_INCLUDE_SHA1_C
 #include SHA1DC_CUSTOM_INCLUDE_SHA1_C
diff --git a/src/hash/sha1/win32.c b/src/hash/sha1/win32.c
index c736956..a6e7061 100644
--- a/src/hash/sha1/win32.c
+++ b/src/hash/sha1/win32.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 #include "win32.h"
 
-#include "global.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
 
 #include <wincrypt.h>
 #include <strsafe.h>
@@ -129,7 +129,8 @@ int git_hash_sha1_global_init(void)
 	if ((error = hash_cng_prov_init()) < 0)
 		error = hash_cryptoapi_prov_init();
 
-	git__on_shutdown(sha1_shutdown);
+	if (!error)
+		error = git_runtime_shutdown_register(sha1_shutdown);
 
 	return error;
 }
@@ -163,7 +164,7 @@ GIT_INLINE(int) hash_cryptoapi_update(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx, const void *_data,
 {
 	const BYTE *data = (BYTE *)_data;
 
-	assert(ctx->ctx.cryptoapi.valid);
+	GIT_ASSERT(ctx->ctx.cryptoapi.valid);
 
 	while (len > 0) {
 		DWORD chunk = (len > MAXDWORD) ? MAXDWORD : (DWORD)len;
@@ -185,7 +186,7 @@ GIT_INLINE(int) hash_cryptoapi_final(git_oid *out, git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 	DWORD len = 20;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(ctx->ctx.cryptoapi.valid);
+	GIT_ASSERT(ctx->ctx.cryptoapi.valid);
 
 	if (!CryptGetHashParam(ctx->ctx.cryptoapi.hash_handle, HP_HASHVAL, out->id, &len, 0)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "legacy hash data could not be finished");
@@ -285,7 +286,7 @@ int git_hash_sha1_ctx_init(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 {
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
 
 	/*
 	 * When compiled with GIT_THREADS, the global hash_prov data is
@@ -302,27 +303,30 @@ int git_hash_sha1_ctx_init(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 
 int git_hash_sha1_init(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	assert(ctx && ctx->type);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx->type);
 	return (ctx->type == CNG) ? hash_cng_init(ctx) : hash_cryptoapi_init(ctx);
 }
 
 int git_hash_sha1_update(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx, const void *data, size_t len)
 {
-	assert(ctx && ctx->type);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx->type);
 	return (ctx->type == CNG) ? hash_cng_update(ctx, data, len) : hash_cryptoapi_update(ctx, data, len);
 }
 
 int git_hash_sha1_final(git_oid *out, git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	assert(ctx && ctx->type);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx->type);
 	return (ctx->type == CNG) ? hash_cng_final(out, ctx) : hash_cryptoapi_final(out, ctx);
 }
 
 void git_hash_sha1_ctx_cleanup(git_hash_sha1_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	assert(ctx);
-
-	if (ctx->type == CNG)
+	if (!ctx)
+		return;
+	else if (ctx->type == CNG)
 		hash_ctx_cng_cleanup(ctx);
 	else if(ctx->type == CRYPTOAPI)
 		hash_ctx_cryptoapi_cleanup(ctx);
diff --git a/src/hashsig.c b/src/hashsig.c
index 14ec34b..43310ca 100644
--- a/src/hashsig.c
+++ b/src/hashsig.c
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ typedef uint64_t hashsig_state;
 #define HASHSIG_SCALE 100
 
 #define HASHSIG_MAX_RUN 80
-#define HASHSIG_HASH_START	0x012345678ABCDEF0LL
+#define HASHSIG_HASH_START	INT64_C(0x012345678ABCDEF0)
 #define HASHSIG_HASH_SHIFT  5
 
 #define HASHSIG_HASH_MIX(S,CH) \
@@ -133,13 +133,13 @@ typedef struct {
 	uint8_t ignore_ch[256];
 } hashsig_in_progress;
 
-static void hashsig_in_progress_init(
+static int hashsig_in_progress_init(
 	hashsig_in_progress *prog, git_hashsig *sig)
 {
 	int i;
 
 	/* no more than one can be set */
-	assert(!(sig->opt & GIT_HASHSIG_IGNORE_WHITESPACE) ||
+	GIT_ASSERT(!(sig->opt & GIT_HASHSIG_IGNORE_WHITESPACE) ||
 		   !(sig->opt & GIT_HASHSIG_SMART_WHITESPACE));
 
 	if (sig->opt & GIT_HASHSIG_IGNORE_WHITESPACE) {
@@ -153,6 +153,8 @@ static void hashsig_in_progress_init(
 	} else {
 		memset(prog, 0, sizeof(*prog));
 	}
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int hashsig_add_hashes(
@@ -251,7 +253,8 @@ int git_hashsig_create(
 	git_hashsig *sig = hashsig_alloc(opts);
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(sig);
 
-	hashsig_in_progress_init(&prog, sig);
+	if ((error = hashsig_in_progress_init(&prog, sig)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	error = hashsig_add_hashes(sig, (const uint8_t *)buf, buflen, &prog);
 
@@ -283,7 +286,8 @@ int git_hashsig_create_fromfile(
 		return fd;
 	}
 
-	hashsig_in_progress_init(&prog, sig);
+	if ((error = hashsig_in_progress_init(&prog, sig)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	while (!error) {
 		if ((buflen = p_read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) <= 0) {
@@ -318,7 +322,7 @@ static int hashsig_heap_compare(const hashsig_heap *a, const hashsig_heap *b)
 {
 	int matches = 0, i, j, cmp;
 
-	assert(a->cmp == b->cmp);
+	GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL(a->cmp == b->cmp, 0);
 
 	/* hash heaps are sorted - just look for overlap vs total */
 
@@ -354,9 +358,16 @@ int git_hashsig_compare(const git_hashsig *a, const git_hashsig *b)
 	/* if we have fewer than the maximum number of elements, then just use
 	 * one array since the two arrays will be the same
 	 */
-	if (a->mins.size < HASHSIG_HEAP_SIZE)
+	if (a->mins.size < HASHSIG_HEAP_SIZE) {
 		return hashsig_heap_compare(&a->mins, &b->mins);
-	else
-		return (hashsig_heap_compare(&a->mins, &b->mins) +
-				hashsig_heap_compare(&a->maxs, &b->maxs)) / 2;
+	} else {
+		int mins, maxs;
+
+		if ((mins = hashsig_heap_compare(&a->mins, &b->mins)) < 0)
+			return mins;
+		if ((maxs = hashsig_heap_compare(&a->maxs, &b->maxs)) < 0)
+			return maxs;
+
+		return (mins + maxs) / 2;
+	}
 }
diff --git a/src/ident.c b/src/ident.c
index 7eccf9a..ae3ef1b 100644
--- a/src/ident.c
+++ b/src/ident.c
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 #include "git2/sys/filter.h"
 #include "filter.h"
 #include "buffer.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 
 static int ident_find_id(
 	const char **id_start, const char **id_end, const char *start, size_t len)
@@ -105,7 +104,7 @@ static int ident_apply(
 	GIT_UNUSED(self); GIT_UNUSED(payload);
 
 	/* Don't filter binary files */
-	if (git_buf_text_is_binary(from))
+	if (git_buf_is_binary(from))
 		return GIT_PASSTHROUGH;
 
 	if (git_filter_source_mode(src) == GIT_FILTER_SMUDGE)
diff --git a/src/idxmap.c b/src/idxmap.c
index 4dcf963..bc23608 100644
--- a/src/idxmap.c
+++ b/src/idxmap.c
@@ -138,28 +138,6 @@ void *git_idxmap_icase_get(git_idxmap_icase *map, const git_index_entry *key)
 	return kh_val(map, idx);
 }
 
-void git_idxmap_insert(git_idxmap *map, const git_index_entry *key, void *value, int *rval)
-{
-	khiter_t idx = kh_put(idx, map, key, rval);
-
-	if ((*rval) >= 0) {
-		if ((*rval) == 0)
-			kh_key(map, idx) = key;
-		kh_val(map, idx) = value;
-	}
-}
-
-void git_idxmap_icase_insert(git_idxmap_icase *map, const git_index_entry *key, void *value, int *rval)
-{
-	khiter_t idx = kh_put(idxicase, map, key, rval);
-
-	if ((*rval) >= 0) {
-		if ((*rval) == 0)
-			kh_key(map, idx) = key;
-		kh_val(map, idx) = value;
-	}
-}
-
 int git_idxmap_delete(git_idxmap *map, const git_index_entry *key)
 {
 	khiter_t idx = kh_get(idx, map, key);
diff --git a/src/ignore.c b/src/ignore.c
index f5fb507..f7551cd 100644
--- a/src/ignore.c
+++ b/src/ignore.c
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ static int does_negate_pattern(git_attr_fnmatch *rule, git_attr_fnmatch *neg)
  */
 static int does_negate_rule(int *out, git_vector *rules, git_attr_fnmatch *match)
 {
-	int error = 0, wildmatch_flags;
+	int error = 0, wildmatch_flags, effective_flags;
 	size_t i;
 	git_attr_fnmatch *rule;
 	char *path;
@@ -141,8 +141,17 @@ static int does_negate_rule(int *out, git_vector *rules, git_attr_fnmatch *match
 		if (git_buf_oom(&buf))
 			goto out;
 
+		/*
+		 * if rule isn't for full path we match without PATHNAME flag
+		 * as lines like *.txt should match something like dir/test.txt
+		 * requiring * to also match /
+		 */
+		effective_flags = wildmatch_flags;
+		if (!(rule->flags & GIT_ATTR_FNMATCH_FULLPATH))
+			effective_flags &= ~WM_PATHNAME;
+
 		/* if we found a match, we want to keep this rule */
-		if ((wildmatch(git_buf_cstr(&buf), path, wildmatch_flags)) == WM_MATCH) {
+		if ((wildmatch(git_buf_cstr(&buf), path, effective_flags)) == WM_MATCH) {
 			*out = 1;
 			error = 0;
 			goto out;
@@ -238,11 +247,12 @@ static int push_ignore_file(
 	const char *base,
 	const char *filename)
 {
-	int error = 0;
+	git_attr_file_source source = { GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE, base, filename };
 	git_attr_file *file = NULL;
+	int error = 0;
+
+	error = git_attr_cache__get(&file, ignores->repo, NULL, &source, parse_ignore_file, false);
 
-	error = git_attr_cache__get(&file, ignores->repo, NULL, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE,
-				    base, filename, parse_ignore_file, false);
 	if (error < 0)
 		return error;
 
@@ -263,13 +273,13 @@ static int push_one_ignore(void *payload, const char *path)
 
 static int get_internal_ignores(git_attr_file **out, git_repository *repo)
 {
+	git_attr_file_source source = { GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_MEMORY, NULL, GIT_IGNORE_INTERNAL };
 	int error;
 
 	if ((error = git_attr_cache__init(repo)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
-	error = git_attr_cache__get(out, repo, NULL, GIT_ATTR_FILE__IN_MEMORY, NULL,
-				    GIT_IGNORE_INTERNAL, NULL, false);
+	error = git_attr_cache__get(out, repo, NULL, &source, NULL, false);
 
 	/* if internal rules list is empty, insert default rules */
 	if (!error && !(*out)->rules.length)
@@ -287,7 +297,9 @@ int git_ignore__for_path(
 	const char *workdir = git_repository_workdir(repo);
 	git_buf infopath = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	assert(repo && ignores && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ignores);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	memset(ignores, 0, sizeof(*ignores));
 	ignores->repo = repo;
@@ -307,12 +319,17 @@ int git_ignore__for_path(
 		if ((error = git_path_dirname_r(&local, path)) < 0 ||
 		    (error = git_path_resolve_relative(&local, 0)) < 0 ||
 		    (error = git_path_to_dir(&local)) < 0 ||
-		    (error = git_buf_joinpath(&ignores->dir, workdir, local.ptr)) < 0)
-		{;} /* Nothing, we just want to stop on the first error */
+		    (error = git_buf_joinpath(&ignores->dir, workdir, local.ptr)) < 0 ||
+		    (error = git_path_validate_workdir_buf(repo, &ignores->dir)) < 0) {
+			/* Nothing, we just want to stop on the first error */
+		}
+
 		git_buf_dispose(&local);
 	} else {
-		error = git_buf_joinpath(&ignores->dir, path, "");
+		if (!(error = git_buf_joinpath(&ignores->dir, path, "")))
+		    error = git_path_validate_filesystem(ignores->dir.ptr, ignores->dir.size);
 	}
+
 	if (error < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
@@ -451,7 +468,7 @@ int git_ignore__lookup(
 	*out = GIT_IGNORE_NOTFOUND;
 
 	if (git_attr_path__init(
-		&path, pathname, git_repository_workdir(ignores->repo), dir_flag) < 0)
+		&path, ignores->repo, pathname, git_repository_workdir(ignores->repo), dir_flag) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	/* first process builtins - success means path was found */
@@ -521,7 +538,9 @@ int git_ignore_path_is_ignored(
 	git_attr_file *file;
 	git_dir_flag dir_flag = GIT_DIR_FLAG_UNKNOWN;
 
-	assert(repo && ignored && pathname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ignored);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(pathname);
 
 	workdir = git_repository_workdir(repo);
 
@@ -533,7 +552,7 @@ int git_ignore_path_is_ignored(
 	else if (git_repository_is_bare(repo))
 		dir_flag = GIT_DIR_FLAG_FALSE;
 
-	if ((error = git_attr_path__init(&path, pathname, workdir, dir_flag)) < 0 ||
+	if ((error = git_attr_path__init(&path, repo, pathname, workdir, dir_flag)) < 0 ||
 		(error = git_ignore__for_path(repo, path.path, &ignores)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
@@ -586,7 +605,7 @@ int git_ignore__check_pathspec_for_exact_ignores(
 	git_attr_fnmatch *match;
 	int ignored;
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
-	const char *wd, *filename;
+	const char *filename;
 	git_index *idx;
 
 	if ((error = git_repository__ensure_not_bare(
@@ -594,8 +613,6 @@ int git_ignore__check_pathspec_for_exact_ignores(
 		(error = git_repository_index(&idx, repo)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
-	wd = git_repository_workdir(repo);
-
 	git_vector_foreach(vspec, i, match) {
 		/* skip wildcard matches (if they are being used) */
 		if ((match->flags & GIT_ATTR_FNMATCH_HASWILD) != 0 &&
@@ -608,7 +625,7 @@ int git_ignore__check_pathspec_for_exact_ignores(
 		if (git_index_get_bypath(idx, filename, 0) != NULL)
 			continue;
 
-		if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&path, wd, filename)) < 0)
+		if ((error = git_repository_workdir_path(&path, repo, filename)) < 0)
 			break;
 
 		/* is there a file on disk that matches this exactly? */
@@ -632,4 +649,3 @@ int git_ignore__check_pathspec_for_exact_ignores(
 
 	return error;
 }
-
diff --git a/src/index.c b/src/index.c
index 907bd6d..5c33051 100644
--- a/src/index.c
+++ b/src/index.c
@@ -406,12 +406,13 @@ int git_index_open(git_index **index_out, const char *index_path)
 	git_index *index;
 	int error = -1;
 
-	assert(index_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index_out);
 
 	index = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_index));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(index);
 
-	git_pool_init(&index->tree_pool, 1);
+	if (git_pool_init(&index->tree_pool, 1) < 0)
+		goto fail;
 
 	if (index_path != NULL) {
 		index->index_file_path = git__strdup(index_path);
@@ -460,7 +461,8 @@ static void index_free(git_index *index)
 	/* index iterators increment the refcount of the index, so if we
 	 * get here then there should be no outstanding iterators.
 	 */
-	assert(!git_atomic_get(&index->readers));
+	if (git_atomic32_get(&index->readers))
+		return;
 
 	git_index_clear(index);
 	git_idxmap_free(index->entries_map);
@@ -486,14 +488,14 @@ void git_index_free(git_index *index)
 /* call with locked index */
 static void index_free_deleted(git_index *index)
 {
-	int readers = (int)git_atomic_get(&index->readers);
+	int readers = (int)git_atomic32_get(&index->readers);
 	size_t i;
 
 	if (readers > 0 || !index->deleted.length)
 		return;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < index->deleted.length; ++i) {
-		git_index_entry *ie = git__swap(index->deleted.contents[i], NULL);
+		git_index_entry *ie = git_atomic_swap(index->deleted.contents[i], NULL);
 		index_entry_free(ie);
 	}
 
@@ -514,7 +516,7 @@ static int index_remove_entry(git_index *index, size_t pos)
 	error = git_vector_remove(&index->entries, pos);
 
 	if (!error) {
-		if (git_atomic_get(&index->readers) > 0) {
+		if (git_atomic32_get(&index->readers) > 0) {
 			error = git_vector_insert(&index->deleted, entry);
 		} else {
 			index_entry_free(entry);
@@ -530,7 +532,7 @@ int git_index_clear(git_index *index)
 {
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	index->dirty = 1;
 	index->tree = NULL;
@@ -565,7 +567,7 @@ int git_index_set_caps(git_index *index, int caps)
 {
 	unsigned int old_ignore_case;
 
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	old_ignore_case = index->ignore_case;
 
@@ -777,14 +779,14 @@ done:
 
 unsigned git_index_version(git_index *index)
 {
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	return index->version;
 }
 
 int git_index_set_version(git_index *index, unsigned int version)
 {
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	if (version < INDEX_VERSION_NUMBER_LB ||
 	    version > INDEX_VERSION_NUMBER_UB) {
@@ -813,9 +815,9 @@ int git_index_write(git_index *index)
 	return error;
 }
 
-const char * git_index_path(const git_index *index)
+const char *git_index_path(const git_index *index)
 {
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(index, NULL);
 	return index->index_file_path;
 }
 
@@ -823,7 +825,8 @@ int git_index_write_tree(git_oid *oid, git_index *index)
 {
 	git_repository *repo;
 
-	assert(oid && index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	repo = INDEX_OWNER(index);
 
@@ -837,20 +840,25 @@ int git_index_write_tree(git_oid *oid, git_index *index)
 int git_index_write_tree_to(
 	git_oid *oid, git_index *index, git_repository *repo)
 {
-	assert(oid && index && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+
 	return git_tree__write_index(oid, index, repo);
 }
 
 size_t git_index_entrycount(const git_index *index)
 {
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+
 	return index->entries.length;
 }
 
 const git_index_entry *git_index_get_byindex(
 	git_index *index, size_t n)
 {
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(index, NULL);
+
 	git_vector_sort(&index->entries);
 	return git_vector_get(&index->entries, n);
 }
@@ -861,7 +869,7 @@ const git_index_entry *git_index_get_bypath(
 	git_index_entry key = {{ 0 }};
 	git_index_entry *value;
 
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(index, NULL);
 
 	key.path = path;
 	GIT_INDEX_ENTRY_STAGE_SET(&key, stage);
@@ -936,7 +944,7 @@ static int index_entry_create(
 	if (st)
 		mode = st->st_mode;
 
-	if (!git_path_isvalid(repo, path, mode, path_valid_flags)) {
+	if (!git_path_validate(repo, path, mode, path_valid_flags)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INDEX, "invalid path: '%s'", path);
 		return -1;
 	}
@@ -980,7 +988,7 @@ static int index_entry_init(
 	if (git_repository__ensure_not_bare(repo, "create blob from file") < 0)
 		return GIT_EBAREREPO;
 
-	if (git_buf_joinpath(&path, git_repository_workdir(repo), rel_path) < 0)
+	if (git_repository_workdir_path(&path, repo, rel_path) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	error = git_path_lstat(path.ptr, &st);
@@ -1038,23 +1046,24 @@ static int index_entry_reuc_init(git_index_reuc_entry **reuc_out,
 {
 	git_index_reuc_entry *reuc = NULL;
 
-	assert(reuc_out && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(reuc_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	*reuc_out = reuc = reuc_entry_alloc(path);
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(reuc);
 
 	if ((reuc->mode[0] = ancestor_mode) > 0) {
-		assert(ancestor_oid);
+		GIT_ASSERT(ancestor_oid);
 		git_oid_cpy(&reuc->oid[0], ancestor_oid);
 	}
 
 	if ((reuc->mode[1] = our_mode) > 0) {
-		assert(our_oid);
+		GIT_ASSERT(our_oid);
 		git_oid_cpy(&reuc->oid[1], our_oid);
 	}
 
 	if ((reuc->mode[2] = their_mode) > 0) {
-		assert(their_oid);
+		GIT_ASSERT(their_oid);
 		git_oid_cpy(&reuc->oid[2], their_oid);
 	}
 
@@ -1346,7 +1355,8 @@ static int index_insert(
 	size_t path_length, position;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(index && entry_ptr);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(entry_ptr);
 
 	entry = *entry_ptr;
 
@@ -1471,7 +1481,8 @@ int git_index_add_from_buffer(
 	int error = 0;
 	git_oid id;
 
-	assert(index && source_entry->path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(source_entry && source_entry->path);
 
 	if (INDEX_OWNER(index) == NULL)
 		return create_index_error(-1,
@@ -1521,7 +1532,7 @@ static int add_repo_as_submodule(git_index_entry **out, git_index *index, const 
 	struct stat st;
 	int error;
 
-	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&abspath, git_repository_workdir(repo), path)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_repository_workdir_path(&abspath, repo, path)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	if ((error = p_stat(abspath.ptr, &st)) < 0) {
@@ -1556,7 +1567,8 @@ int git_index_add_bypath(git_index *index, const char *path)
 	git_index_entry *entry = NULL;
 	int ret;
 
-	assert(index && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	if ((ret = index_entry_init(&entry, index, path)) == 0)
 		ret = index_insert(index, &entry, 1, false, false, true);
@@ -1608,7 +1620,8 @@ int git_index_remove_bypath(git_index *index, const char *path)
 {
 	int ret;
 
-	assert(index && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	if (((ret = git_index_remove(index, path, 0)) < 0 &&
 		ret != GIT_ENOTFOUND) ||
@@ -1628,7 +1641,7 @@ int git_index__fill(git_index *index, const git_vector *source_entries)
 	int error = 0;
 	size_t i;
 
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	if (!source_entries->length)
 		return 0;
@@ -1669,7 +1682,8 @@ int git_index_add(git_index *index, const git_index_entry *source_entry)
 	git_index_entry *entry = NULL;
 	int ret;
 
-	assert(index && source_entry && source_entry->path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(source_entry && source_entry->path);
 
 	if (!valid_filemode(source_entry->mode)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INDEX, "invalid entry mode");
@@ -1757,7 +1771,8 @@ int git_index_find_prefix(size_t *at_pos, git_index *index, const char *prefix)
 int git_index__find_pos(
 	size_t *out, git_index *index, const char *path, size_t path_len, int stage)
 {
-	assert(index && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 	return index_find(out, index, path, path_len, stage);
 }
 
@@ -1765,7 +1780,8 @@ int git_index_find(size_t *at_pos, git_index *index, const char *path)
 {
 	size_t pos;
 
-	assert(index && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	if (git_vector_bsearch2(
 			&pos, &index->entries, index->entries_search_path, path) < 0) {
@@ -1798,7 +1814,7 @@ int git_index_conflict_add(git_index *index,
 	unsigned short i;
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	assert (index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	if ((ancestor_entry &&
 			(ret = index_entry_dup(&entries[0], index, ancestor_entry)) < 0) ||
@@ -1869,7 +1885,10 @@ static int index_conflict__get_byindex(
 	size_t count;
 	int stage, len = 0;
 
-	assert(ancestor_out && our_out && their_out && index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ancestor_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(our_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(their_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	*ancestor_out = NULL;
 	*our_out = NULL;
@@ -1915,7 +1934,11 @@ int git_index_conflict_get(
 	size_t pos;
 	int len = 0;
 
-	assert(ancestor_out && our_out && their_out && index && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ancestor_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(our_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(their_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	*ancestor_out = NULL;
 	*our_out = NULL;
@@ -1962,13 +1985,14 @@ static int index_conflict_remove(git_index *index, const char *path)
 
 int git_index_conflict_remove(git_index *index, const char *path)
 {
-	assert(index && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 	return index_conflict_remove(index, path);
 }
 
 int git_index_conflict_cleanup(git_index *index)
 {
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 	return index_conflict_remove(index, NULL);
 }
 
@@ -1977,7 +2001,7 @@ int git_index_has_conflicts(const git_index *index)
 	size_t i;
 	git_index_entry *entry;
 
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	git_vector_foreach(&index->entries, i, entry) {
 		if (GIT_INDEX_ENTRY_STAGE(entry) > 0)
@@ -1994,7 +2018,8 @@ int git_index_iterator_new(
 	git_index_iterator *it;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(iterator_out && index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(iterator_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	it = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_index_iterator));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(it);
@@ -2014,7 +2039,8 @@ int git_index_iterator_next(
 	const git_index_entry **out,
 	git_index_iterator *it)
 {
-	assert(out && it);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(it);
 
 	if (it->cur >= git_vector_length(&it->snap))
 		return GIT_ITEROVER;
@@ -2038,7 +2064,8 @@ int git_index_conflict_iterator_new(
 {
 	git_index_conflict_iterator *it = NULL;
 
-	assert(iterator_out && index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(iterator_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	it = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_index_conflict_iterator));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(it);
@@ -2058,7 +2085,10 @@ int git_index_conflict_next(
 	const git_index_entry *entry;
 	int len;
 
-	assert(ancestor_out && our_out && their_out && iterator);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ancestor_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(our_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(their_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(iterator);
 
 	*ancestor_out = NULL;
 	*our_out = NULL;
@@ -2096,14 +2126,14 @@ void git_index_conflict_iterator_free(git_index_conflict_iterator *iterator)
 
 size_t git_index_name_entrycount(git_index *index)
 {
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 	return index->names.length;
 }
 
 const git_index_name_entry *git_index_name_get_byindex(
 	git_index *index, size_t n)
 {
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(index, NULL);
 
 	git_vector_sort(&index->names);
 	return git_vector_get(&index->names, n);
@@ -2124,7 +2154,7 @@ int git_index_name_add(git_index *index,
 {
 	git_index_name_entry *conflict_name;
 
-	assert((ancestor && ours) || (ancestor && theirs) || (ours && theirs));
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG((ancestor && ours) || (ancestor && theirs) || (ours && theirs));
 
 	conflict_name = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_index_name_entry));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(conflict_name);
@@ -2147,7 +2177,7 @@ int git_index_name_clear(git_index *index)
 	size_t i;
 	git_index_name_entry *conflict_name;
 
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	git_vector_foreach(&index->names, i, conflict_name)
 		index_name_entry_free(conflict_name);
@@ -2161,7 +2191,7 @@ int git_index_name_clear(git_index *index)
 
 size_t git_index_reuc_entrycount(git_index *index)
 {
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 	return index->reuc.length;
 }
 
@@ -2178,8 +2208,9 @@ static int index_reuc_insert(
 {
 	int res;
 
-	assert(index && reuc && reuc->path != NULL);
-	assert(git_vector_is_sorted(&index->reuc));
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(reuc && reuc->path != NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT(git_vector_is_sorted(&index->reuc));
 
 	res = git_vector_insert_sorted(&index->reuc, reuc, &index_reuc_on_dup);
 	index->dirty = 1;
@@ -2195,7 +2226,8 @@ int git_index_reuc_add(git_index *index, const char *path,
 	git_index_reuc_entry *reuc = NULL;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(index && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	if ((error = index_entry_reuc_init(&reuc, path, ancestor_mode,
 			ancestor_oid, our_mode, our_oid, their_mode, their_oid)) < 0 ||
@@ -2214,12 +2246,14 @@ const git_index_reuc_entry *git_index_reuc_get_bypath(
 	git_index *index, const char *path)
 {
 	size_t pos;
-	assert(index && path);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(index, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(path, NULL);
 
 	if (!index->reuc.length)
 		return NULL;
 
-	assert(git_vector_is_sorted(&index->reuc));
+	GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL(git_vector_is_sorted(&index->reuc), NULL);
 
 	if (git_index_reuc_find(&pos, index, path) < 0)
 		return NULL;
@@ -2230,8 +2264,8 @@ const git_index_reuc_entry *git_index_reuc_get_bypath(
 const git_index_reuc_entry *git_index_reuc_get_byindex(
 	git_index *index, size_t n)
 {
-	assert(index);
-	assert(git_vector_is_sorted(&index->reuc));
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(index, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL(git_vector_is_sorted(&index->reuc), NULL);
 
 	return git_vector_get(&index->reuc, n);
 }
@@ -2241,7 +2275,8 @@ int git_index_reuc_remove(git_index *index, size_t position)
 	int error;
 	git_index_reuc_entry *reuc;
 
-	assert(git_vector_is_sorted(&index->reuc));
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT(git_vector_is_sorted(&index->reuc));
 
 	reuc = git_vector_get(&index->reuc, position);
 	error = git_vector_remove(&index->reuc, position);
@@ -2257,10 +2292,10 @@ int git_index_reuc_clear(git_index *index)
 {
 	size_t i;
 
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < index->reuc.length; ++i)
-		index_entry_reuc_free(git__swap(index->reuc.contents[i], NULL));
+		index_entry_reuc_free(git_atomic_swap(index->reuc.contents[i], NULL));
 
 	git_vector_clear(&index->reuc);
 
@@ -2625,7 +2660,7 @@ static int parse_index(git_index *index, const char *buffer, size_t buffer_size)
 
 	seek_forward(INDEX_HEADER_SIZE);
 
-	assert(!index->entries.length);
+	GIT_ASSERT(!index->entries.length);
 
 	if ((error = index_map_resize(index->entries_map, header.entry_count, index->ignore_case)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -2744,7 +2779,7 @@ static int write_disk_entry(git_filebuf *file, git_index_entry *entry, const cha
 			++same_len;
 		}
 		path_len -= same_len;
-		varint_len = git_encode_varint(NULL, 0, same_len);
+		varint_len = git_encode_varint(NULL, 0, strlen(last) - same_len);
 	}
 
 	disk_size = index_entry_size(path_len, varint_len, entry->flags);
@@ -2780,23 +2815,26 @@ static int write_disk_entry(git_filebuf *file, git_index_entry *entry, const cha
 	ondisk.flags = htons(entry->flags);
 
 	if (entry->flags & GIT_INDEX_ENTRY_EXTENDED) {
+		const size_t path_offset = offsetof(struct entry_long, path);
 		struct entry_long ondisk_ext;
 		memcpy(&ondisk_ext, &ondisk, sizeof(struct entry_short));
 		ondisk_ext.flags_extended = htons(entry->flags_extended &
 			GIT_INDEX_ENTRY_EXTENDED_FLAGS);
-		memcpy(mem, &ondisk_ext, offsetof(struct entry_long, path));
-		path = ((struct entry_long*)mem)->path;
-		disk_size -= offsetof(struct entry_long, path);
+		memcpy(mem, &ondisk_ext, path_offset);
+		path = (char *)mem + path_offset;
+		disk_size -= path_offset;
 	} else {
-		memcpy(mem, &ondisk, offsetof(struct entry_short, path));
-		path = ((struct entry_short*)mem)->path;
-		disk_size -= offsetof(struct entry_short, path);
+		const size_t path_offset = offsetof(struct entry_short, path);
+		memcpy(mem, &ondisk, path_offset);
+		path = (char *)mem + path_offset;
+		disk_size -= path_offset;
 	}
 
 	if (last) {
 		varint_len = git_encode_varint((unsigned char *) path,
-					  disk_size, same_len);
-		assert(varint_len > 0);
+					  disk_size, strlen(last) - same_len);
+		GIT_ASSERT(varint_len > 0);
+
 		path += varint_len;
 		disk_size -= varint_len;
 
@@ -2804,14 +2842,14 @@ static int write_disk_entry(git_filebuf *file, git_index_entry *entry, const cha
 		 * If using path compression, we are not allowed
 		 * to have additional trailing NULs.
 		 */
-		assert(disk_size == path_len + 1);
+		GIT_ASSERT(disk_size == path_len + 1);
 	} else {
 		/*
 		 * If no path compression is used, we do have
 		 * NULs as padding. As such, simply assert that
 		 * we have enough space left to write the path.
 		 */
-		assert(disk_size > path_len);
+		GIT_ASSERT(disk_size > path_len);
 	}
 
 	memcpy(path, path_start, path_len + 1);
@@ -2823,14 +2861,16 @@ static int write_entries(git_index *index, git_filebuf *file)
 {
 	int error = 0;
 	size_t i;
-	git_vector case_sorted, *entries;
+	git_vector case_sorted = GIT_VECTOR_INIT, *entries = NULL;
 	git_index_entry *entry;
 	const char *last = NULL;
 
 	/* If index->entries is sorted case-insensitively, then we need
 	 * to re-sort it case-sensitively before writing */
 	if (index->ignore_case) {
-		git_vector_dup(&case_sorted, &index->entries, git_index_entry_cmp);
+		if ((error = git_vector_dup(&case_sorted, &index->entries, git_index_entry_cmp)) < 0)
+			goto done;
+
 		git_vector_sort(&case_sorted);
 		entries = &case_sorted;
 	} else {
@@ -2847,9 +2887,8 @@ static int write_entries(git_index *index, git_filebuf *file)
 			last = entry->path;
 	}
 
-	if (index->ignore_case)
-		git_vector_free(&case_sorted);
-
+done:
+	git_vector_free(&case_sorted);
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -3007,7 +3046,8 @@ static int write_index(git_oid *checksum, git_index *index, git_filebuf *file)
 	bool is_extended;
 	uint32_t index_version_number;
 
-	assert(index && file);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file);
 
 	if (index->version <= INDEX_VERSION_NUMBER_EXT)  {
 		is_extended = is_index_extended(index);
@@ -3158,7 +3198,7 @@ int git_index_read_tree(git_index *index, const git_tree *tree)
 		/* well, this isn't good */;
 	} else {
 		git_vector_swap(&entries, &index->entries);
-		entries_map = git__swap(index->entries_map, entries_map);
+		entries_map = git_atomic_swap(index->entries_map, entries_map);
 	}
 
 	index->dirty = 1;
@@ -3189,7 +3229,7 @@ static int git_index_read_iterator(
 	size_t i;
 	int error;
 
-	assert((new_iterator->flags & GIT_ITERATOR_DONT_IGNORE_CASE));
+	GIT_ASSERT((new_iterator->flags & GIT_ITERATOR_DONT_IGNORE_CASE));
 
 	if ((error = git_vector_init(&new_entries, new_length_hint, index->entries._cmp)) < 0 ||
 	    (error = git_vector_init(&remove_entries, index->entries.length, NULL)) < 0 ||
@@ -3292,7 +3332,7 @@ static int git_index_read_iterator(
 	    goto done;
 
 	git_vector_swap(&new_entries, &index->entries);
-	new_entries_map = git__swap(index->entries_map, new_entries_map);
+	new_entries_map = git_atomic_swap(index->entries_map, new_entries_map);
 
 	git_vector_foreach(&remove_entries, i, entry) {
 		if (index->tree)
@@ -3361,7 +3401,7 @@ int git_index_add_all(
 	git_pathspec ps;
 	bool no_fnmatch = (flags & GIT_INDEX_ADD_DISABLE_PATHSPEC_MATCH) != 0;
 
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	repo = INDEX_OWNER(index);
 	if ((error = git_repository__ensure_not_bare(repo, "index add all")) < 0)
@@ -3447,8 +3487,8 @@ static int index_apply_to_wd_diff(git_index *index, int action, const git_strarr
 		payload,
 	};
 
-	assert(index);
-	assert(action == INDEX_ACTION_UPDATE || action == INDEX_ACTION_ADDALL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(action == INDEX_ACTION_UPDATE || action == INDEX_ACTION_ADDALL);
 
 	repo = INDEX_OWNER(index);
 
@@ -3502,7 +3542,7 @@ static int index_apply_to_all(
 	const char *match;
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	if ((error = git_pathspec__init(&ps, paths)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -3598,7 +3638,7 @@ int git_index_snapshot_new(git_vector *snap, git_index *index)
 
 	GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(index);
 
-	git_atomic_inc(&index->readers);
+	git_atomic32_inc(&index->readers);
 	git_vector_sort(&index->entries);
 
 	error = git_vector_dup(snap, &index->entries, index->entries._cmp);
@@ -3613,7 +3653,7 @@ void git_index_snapshot_release(git_vector *snap, git_index *index)
 {
 	git_vector_free(snap);
 
-	git_atomic_dec(&index->readers);
+	git_atomic32_dec(&index->readers);
 
 	git_index_free(index);
 }
@@ -3716,9 +3756,11 @@ void git_indexwriter_cleanup(git_indexwriter *writer)
 
 /* Deprecated functions */
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_index_add_frombuffer(
     git_index *index, const git_index_entry *source_entry,
     const void *buffer, size_t len)
 {
 	return git_index_add_from_buffer(index, source_entry, buffer, len);
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/index.h b/src/index.h
index 54402f5..a365867 100644
--- a/src/index.h
+++ b/src/index.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ struct git_index {
 	git_idxmap *entries_map;
 
 	git_vector deleted; /* deleted entries if readers > 0 */
-	git_atomic readers; /* number of active iterators */
+	git_atomic32 readers; /* number of active iterators */
 
 	unsigned int on_disk:1;
 	unsigned int ignore_case:1;
diff --git a/src/indexer.c b/src/indexer.c
index 717549f..d546888 100644
--- a/src/indexer.c
+++ b/src/indexer.c
@@ -24,8 +24,6 @@
 #include "zstream.h"
 #include "object.h"
 
-extern git_mutex git__mwindow_mutex;
-
 size_t git_indexer__max_objects = UINT32_MAX;
 
 #define UINT31_MAX (0x7FFFFFFF)
@@ -123,10 +121,12 @@ int git_indexer_options_init(git_indexer_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_indexer_init_options(git_indexer_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_indexer_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 int git_indexer_new(
 		git_indexer **out,
@@ -150,11 +150,11 @@ int git_indexer_new(
 	idx->progress_cb = opts.progress_cb;
 	idx->progress_payload = opts.progress_cb_payload;
 	idx->mode = mode ? mode : GIT_PACK_FILE_MODE;
-	git_hash_ctx_init(&idx->hash_ctx);
-	git_hash_ctx_init(&idx->trailer);
 	git_buf_init(&idx->entry_data, 0);
 
-	if ((error = git_oidmap_new(&idx->expected_oids)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_hash_ctx_init(&idx->hash_ctx)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_hash_ctx_init(&idx->trailer)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_oidmap_new(&idx->expected_oids)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	idx->do_verify = opts.verify;
@@ -237,7 +237,8 @@ static int hash_object_stream(git_indexer*idx, git_packfile_stream *stream)
 {
 	ssize_t read;
 
-	assert(idx && stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(idx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(stream);
 
 	do {
 		if ((read = git_packfile_stream_read(stream, idx->objbuf, sizeof(idx->objbuf))) < 0)
@@ -260,15 +261,16 @@ static int advance_delta_offset(git_indexer *idx, git_object_t type)
 {
 	git_mwindow *w = NULL;
 
-	assert(type == GIT_OBJECT_REF_DELTA || type == GIT_OBJECT_OFS_DELTA);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(type == GIT_OBJECT_REF_DELTA || type == GIT_OBJECT_OFS_DELTA);
 
 	if (type == GIT_OBJECT_REF_DELTA) {
 		idx->off += GIT_OID_RAWSZ;
 	} else {
-		off64_t base_off = get_delta_base(idx->pack, &w, &idx->off, type, idx->entry_start);
+		off64_t base_off;
+		int error = get_delta_base(&base_off, idx->pack, &w, &idx->off, type, idx->entry_start);
 		git_mwindow_close(&w);
-		if (base_off < 0)
-			return (int)base_off;
+		if (error < 0)
+			return error;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -279,7 +281,7 @@ static int read_object_stream(git_indexer *idx, git_packfile_stream *stream)
 {
 	ssize_t read;
 
-	assert(stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(stream);
 
 	do {
 		read = git_packfile_stream_read(stream, idx->objbuf, sizeof(idx->objbuf));
@@ -424,7 +426,10 @@ static int store_object(git_indexer *idx)
 	pentry = git__calloc(1, sizeof(struct git_pack_entry));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(pentry);
 
-	git_hash_final(&oid, &idx->hash_ctx);
+	if (git_hash_final(&oid, &idx->hash_ctx)) {
+		git__free(pentry);
+		goto on_error;
+	}
 	entry_size = idx->off - entry_start;
 	if (entry_start > UINT31_MAX) {
 		entry->offset = UINT32_MAX;
@@ -598,6 +603,23 @@ static void hash_partially(git_indexer *idx, const uint8_t *data, size_t size)
 
 static int write_at(git_indexer *idx, const void *data, off64_t offset, size_t size)
 {
+#ifdef NO_MMAP
+	size_t remaining_size = size;
+	const char *ptr = (const char *)data;
+
+	/* Handle data size larger that ssize_t */
+	while (remaining_size > 0) {
+		ssize_t nb;
+		HANDLE_EINTR(nb, p_pwrite(idx->pack->mwf.fd, (void *)ptr,
+					  remaining_size, offset));
+		if (nb <= 0)
+			return -1;
+
+		ptr += nb;
+		offset += nb;
+		remaining_size -= nb;
+	}
+#else
 	git_file fd = idx->pack->mwf.fd;
 	size_t mmap_alignment;
 	size_t page_offset;
@@ -606,7 +628,8 @@ static int write_at(git_indexer *idx, const void *data, off64_t offset, size_t s
 	git_map map;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(data && size);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(data);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(size);
 
 	if ((error = git__mmap_alignment(&mmap_alignment)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -621,6 +644,7 @@ static int write_at(git_indexer *idx, const void *data, off64_t offset, size_t s
 	map_data = (unsigned char *)map.data;
 	memcpy(map_data + page_offset, data, size);
 	p_munmap(&map);
+#endif
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -632,7 +656,6 @@ static int append_to_pack(git_indexer *idx, const void *data, size_t size)
 	size_t page_offset;
 	off64_t page_start;
 	off64_t current_size = idx->pack->mwf.size;
-	int fd = idx->pack->mwf.fd;
 	int error;
 
 	if (!size)
@@ -649,8 +672,7 @@ static int append_to_pack(git_indexer *idx, const void *data, size_t size)
 	page_offset = new_size % mmap_alignment;
 	page_start = new_size - page_offset;
 
-	if (p_lseek(fd, page_start + mmap_alignment - 1, SEEK_SET) < 0 ||
-	    p_write(idx->pack->mwf.fd, data, 1) < 0) {
+	if (p_pwrite(idx->pack->mwf.fd, data, 1, page_start + mmap_alignment - 1) < 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "cannot extend packfile '%s'", idx->pack->pack_name);
 		return -1;
 	}
@@ -671,7 +693,7 @@ static int read_stream_object(git_indexer *idx, git_indexer_progress *stats)
 		return GIT_EBUFS;
 
 	if (!idx->have_stream) {
-		error = git_packfile_unpack_header(&entry_size, &type, &idx->pack->mwf, &w, &idx->off);
+		error = git_packfile_unpack_header(&entry_size, &type, idx->pack, &w, &idx->off);
 		if (error == GIT_EBUFS) {
 			idx->off = entry_start;
 			return error;
@@ -753,7 +775,9 @@ int git_indexer_append(git_indexer *idx, const void *data, size_t size, git_inde
 	struct git_pack_header *hdr = &idx->hdr;
 	git_mwindow_file *mwf = &idx->pack->mwf;
 
-	assert(idx && data && stats);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(idx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(data);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(stats);
 
 	if ((error = append_to_pack(idx, data, size)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -807,7 +831,8 @@ int git_indexer_append(git_indexer *idx, const void *data, size_t size, git_inde
 	/* Now that we have data in the pack, let's try to parse it */
 
 	/* As the file grows any windows we try to use will be out of date */
-	git_mwindow_free_all(mwf);
+	if ((error = git_mwindow_free_all(mwf)) < 0)
+		goto on_error;
 
 	while (stats->indexed_objects < idx->nr_objects) {
 		if ((error = read_stream_object(idx, stats)) != 0) {
@@ -851,16 +876,16 @@ static int index_path(git_buf *path, git_indexer *idx, const char *suffix)
  * Rewind the packfile by the trailer, as we might need to fix the
  * packfile by injecting objects at the tail and must overwrite it.
  */
-static void seek_back_trailer(git_indexer *idx)
+static int seek_back_trailer(git_indexer *idx)
 {
 	idx->pack->mwf.size -= GIT_OID_RAWSZ;
-	git_mwindow_free_all(&idx->pack->mwf);
+	return git_mwindow_free_all(&idx->pack->mwf);
 }
 
 static int inject_object(git_indexer *idx, git_oid *id)
 {
-	git_odb_object *obj;
-	struct entry *entry;
+	git_odb_object *obj = NULL;
+	struct entry *entry = NULL;
 	struct git_pack_entry *pentry = NULL;
 	git_oid foo = {{0}};
 	unsigned char hdr[64];
@@ -870,12 +895,14 @@ static int inject_object(git_indexer *idx, git_oid *id)
 	size_t len, hdr_len;
 	int error;
 
-	seek_back_trailer(idx);
+	if ((error = seek_back_trailer(idx)) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
 	entry_start = idx->pack->mwf.size;
 
-	if (git_odb_read(&obj, idx->odb, id) < 0) {
+	if ((error = git_odb_read(&obj, idx->odb, id)) < 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INDEXER, "missing delta bases");
-		return -1;
+		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
 	data = git_odb_object_data(obj);
@@ -887,8 +914,8 @@ static int inject_object(git_indexer *idx, git_oid *id)
 	entry->crc = crc32(0L, Z_NULL, 0);
 
 	/* Write out the object header */
-	hdr_len = git_packfile__object_header(hdr, len, git_odb_object_type(obj));
-	if ((error = append_to_pack(idx, hdr, hdr_len)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_packfile__object_header(&hdr_len, hdr, len, git_odb_object_type(obj))) < 0 ||
+	    (error = append_to_pack(idx, hdr, hdr_len)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	idx->pack->mwf.size += hdr_len;
@@ -944,7 +971,7 @@ static int fix_thin_pack(git_indexer *idx, git_indexer_progress *stats)
 	unsigned int left = 0;
 	git_oid base;
 
-	assert(git_vector_length(&idx->deltas) > 0);
+	GIT_ASSERT(git_vector_length(&idx->deltas) > 0);
 
 	if (idx->odb == NULL) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INDEXER, "cannot fix a thin pack without an ODB");
@@ -957,7 +984,7 @@ static int fix_thin_pack(git_indexer *idx, git_indexer_progress *stats)
 			continue;
 
 		curpos = delta->delta_off;
-		error = git_packfile_unpack_header(&size, &type, &idx->pack->mwf, &w, &curpos);
+		error = git_packfile_unpack_header(&size, &type, idx->pack, &w, &curpos);
 		if (error < 0)
 			return error;
 
@@ -1075,7 +1102,9 @@ static int update_header_and_rehash(git_indexer *idx, git_indexer_progress *stat
 	 * hash_partially() keep the existing trailer out of the
 	 * calculation.
 	 */
-	git_mwindow_free_all(mwf);
+	if (git_mwindow_free_all(mwf) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
 	idx->inbuf_len = 0;
 	while (hashed < mwf->size) {
 		ptr = git_mwindow_open(mwf, &w, hashed, chunk, &left);
@@ -1247,7 +1276,8 @@ int git_indexer_commit(git_indexer *idx, git_indexer_progress *stats)
 	if (git_filebuf_commit_at(&index_file, filename.ptr) < 0)
 		goto on_error;
 
-	git_mwindow_free_all(&idx->pack->mwf);
+	if (git_mwindow_free_all(&idx->pack->mwf) < 0)
+		goto on_error;
 
 	/* Truncate file to undo rounding up to next page_size in append_to_pack */
 	if (p_ftruncate(idx->pack->mwf.fd, idx->pack->mwf.size) < 0) {
@@ -1317,13 +1347,7 @@ void git_indexer_free(git_indexer *idx)
 
 	git_vector_free_deep(&idx->deltas);
 
-	if (!git_mutex_lock(&git__mwindow_mutex)) {
-		if (!idx->pack_committed)
-			git_packfile_close(idx->pack, true);
-
-		git_packfile_free(idx->pack);
-		git_mutex_unlock(&git__mwindow_mutex);
-	}
+	git_packfile_free(idx->pack, !idx->pack_committed);
 
 	iter = 0;
 	while (git_oidmap_iterate((void **) &value, idx->expected_oids, &iter, &key) == 0)
diff --git a/src/integer.h b/src/integer.h
index 067c0be..6327717 100644
--- a/src/integer.h
+++ b/src/integer.h
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ GIT_INLINE(int) git__is_ulong(int64_t p)
 }
 
 /** @return true if p fits into the range of an int */
-GIT_INLINE(int) git__is_int(long long p)
+GIT_INLINE(int) git__is_int(int64_t p)
 {
 	int r = (int)p;
-	return p == (long long)r;
+	return p == (int64_t)r;
 }
 
 /* Use clang/gcc compiler intrinsics whenever possible */
@@ -77,6 +77,15 @@ GIT_INLINE(int) git__is_int(long long p)
 # define git__sub_int_overflow(out, one, two) \
     __builtin_ssub_overflow(one, two, out)
 
+# define git__add_int64_overflow(out, one, two) \
+    __builtin_add_overflow(one, two, out)
+
+/* clang on 32-bit systems produces an undefined reference to `__mulodi4`. */
+# if !defined(__clang__) || !defined(GIT_ARCH_32)
+#  define git__multiply_int64_overflow(out, one, two) \
+     __builtin_mul_overflow(one, two, out)
+# endif
+
 /* Use Microsoft's safe integer handling functions where available */
 #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
 
@@ -87,11 +96,17 @@ GIT_INLINE(int) git__is_int(long long p)
     (SizeTAdd(one, two, out) != S_OK)
 # define git__multiply_sizet_overflow(out, one, two) \
     (SizeTMult(one, two, out) != S_OK)
+
 #define git__add_int_overflow(out, one, two) \
     (IntAdd(one, two, out) != S_OK)
 #define git__sub_int_overflow(out, one, two) \
     (IntSub(one, two, out) != S_OK)
 
+#define git__add_int64_overflow(out, one, two) \
+    (LongLongAdd(one, two, out) != S_OK)
+#define git__multiply_int64_overflow(out, one, two) \
+    (LongLongMult(one, two, out) != S_OK)
+
 #else
 
 /**
@@ -136,6 +151,68 @@ GIT_INLINE(bool) git__sub_int_overflow(int *out, int one, int two)
 	return false;
 }
 
+GIT_INLINE(bool) git__add_int64_overflow(int64_t *out, int64_t one, int64_t two)
+{
+	if ((two > 0 && one > (INT64_MAX - two)) ||
+	    (two < 0 && one < (INT64_MIN - two)))
+		return true;
+	*out = one + two;
+	return false;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/* If we could not provide an intrinsic implementation for this, provide a (slow) fallback. */
+#if !defined(git__multiply_int64_overflow)
+GIT_INLINE(bool) git__multiply_int64_overflow(int64_t *out, int64_t one, int64_t two)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Detects whether `INT64_MAX < (one * two) || INT64_MIN > (one * two)`,
+	 * without incurring in undefined behavior. That is done by performing the
+	 * comparison with a division instead of a multiplication, which translates
+	 * to `INT64_MAX / one < two || INT64_MIN / one > two`. Some caveats:
+	 *
+	 * - The comparison sign is inverted when both sides of the inequality are
+	 *   multiplied/divided by a negative number, so if `one < 0` the comparison
+	 *   needs to be flipped.
+	 * - `INT64_MAX / -1` itself overflows (or traps), so that case should be
+	 *   avoided.
+	 * - Since the overflow flag is defined as the discrepance between the result
+	 *   of performing the multiplication in a signed integer at twice the width
+	 *   of the operands, and the truncated+sign-extended version of that same
+	 *   result, there are four cases where the result is the opposite of what
+	 *   would be expected:
+	 *   * `INT64_MIN * -1` / `-1 * INT64_MIN`
+	 *   * `INT64_MIN * 1 / `1 * INT64_MIN`
+	 */
+	if (one && two) {
+		if (one > 0 && two > 0) {
+			if (INT64_MAX / one < two)
+				return true;
+		} else if (one < 0 && two < 0) {
+			if ((one == -1 && two == INT64_MIN) ||
+				  (two == -1 && one == INT64_MIN)) {
+				*out = INT64_MIN;
+				return false;
+			}
+			if (INT64_MAX / one > two)
+				return true;
+		} else if (one > 0 && two < 0) {
+			if ((one == 1 && two == INT64_MIN) ||
+			    (INT64_MIN / one > two))
+				return true;
+		} else if (one == -1) {
+			if (INT64_MIN / two > one)
+				return true;
+		} else {
+			if ((one == INT64_MIN && two == 1) ||
+			    (INT64_MIN / one < two))
+				return true;
+		}
+	}
+	*out = one * two;
+	return false;
+}
 #endif
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/iterator.c b/src/iterator.c
index e26e2c0..ce9f305 100644
--- a/src/iterator.c
+++ b/src/iterator.c
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ static iterator_pathlist_search_t iterator_pathlist_search(
 			break;
 
 		/* an exact match would have been matched by the bsearch above */
-		assert(p[path_len]);
+		GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL(p[path_len], ITERATOR_PATHLIST_NONE);
 
 		/* is this a literal directory entry (eg `foo/`) or a file beneath */
 		if (p[path_len] == '/') {
@@ -678,14 +678,14 @@ done:
 	return error;
 }
 
-static void tree_iterator_frame_pop(tree_iterator *iter)
+static int tree_iterator_frame_pop(tree_iterator *iter)
 {
 	tree_iterator_frame *frame;
 	git_buf *buf = NULL;
 	git_tree *tree;
 	size_t i;
 
-	assert(iter->frames.size);
+	GIT_ASSERT(iter->frames.size);
 
 	frame = git_array_pop(iter->frames);
 
@@ -705,6 +705,8 @@ static void tree_iterator_frame_pop(tree_iterator *iter)
 	git_vector_free(&frame->similar_trees);
 
 	git_buf_dispose(&frame->path);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int tree_iterator_current(
@@ -760,7 +762,9 @@ static int tree_iterator_advance(const git_index_entry **out, git_iterator *i)
 
 		/* no more entries in this frame.  pop the frame out */
 		if (frame->next_idx == frame->entries.length) {
-			tree_iterator_frame_pop(iter);
+			if ((error = tree_iterator_frame_pop(iter)) < 0)
+				break;
+
 			continue;
 		}
 
@@ -838,7 +842,7 @@ static int tree_iterator_advance_into(
 	const git_index_entry **out, git_iterator *i)
 {
 	tree_iterator *iter = (tree_iterator *)i;
-    tree_iterator_frame *frame;
+	tree_iterator_frame *frame;
 	tree_iterator_entry *prev_entry;
 	int error;
 
@@ -855,7 +859,7 @@ static int tree_iterator_advance_into(
 	 * we will have pushed a new (empty) frame on to the stack for this
 	 * new directory.  since it's empty, its current_entry should be null.
 	 */
-	assert(iterator__do_autoexpand(i) ^ (prev_entry != NULL));
+	GIT_ASSERT(iterator__do_autoexpand(i) ^ (prev_entry != NULL));
 
 	if (prev_entry) {
 		if (!git_tree_entry__is_tree(prev_entry->tree_entry))
@@ -897,9 +901,8 @@ static int tree_iterator_init(tree_iterator *iter)
 {
 	int error;
 
-	git_pool_init(&iter->entry_pool, sizeof(tree_iterator_entry));
-
-	if ((error = tree_iterator_frame_init(iter, iter->root, NULL)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_pool_init(&iter->entry_pool, sizeof(tree_iterator_entry))) < 0 ||
+	    (error = tree_iterator_frame_init(iter, iter->root, NULL)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	iter->base.flags &= ~GIT_ITERATOR_FIRST_ACCESS;
@@ -974,7 +977,7 @@ int git_iterator_current_tree_entry(
 	tree_iterator_frame *frame;
 	tree_iterator_entry *entry;
 
-	assert(i->type == GIT_ITERATOR_TREE);
+	GIT_ASSERT(i->type == GIT_ITERATOR_TREE);
 
 	iter = (tree_iterator *)i;
 
@@ -991,11 +994,11 @@ int git_iterator_current_parent_tree(
 	tree_iterator *iter;
 	tree_iterator_frame *frame;
 
-	assert(i->type == GIT_ITERATOR_TREE);
+	GIT_ASSERT(i->type == GIT_ITERATOR_TREE);
 
 	iter = (tree_iterator *)i;
 
-	assert(depth < iter->frames.size);
+	GIT_ASSERT(depth < iter->frames.size);
 	frame = &iter->frames.ptr[iter->frames.size-depth-1];
 
 	*parent_tree = frame->tree;
@@ -1275,7 +1278,8 @@ static int filesystem_iterator_entry_hash(
 		return git_repository_hashfile(&entry->id,
 			iter->base.repo, entry->path, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB, NULL);
 
-	if (!(error = git_buf_joinpath(&fullpath, iter->root, entry->path)))
+	if (!(error = git_buf_joinpath(&fullpath, iter->root, entry->path)) &&
+	    !(error = git_path_validate_workdir_buf(iter->base.repo, &fullpath)))
 		error = git_odb_hashfile(&entry->id, fullpath.ptr, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB);
 
 	git_buf_dispose(&fullpath);
@@ -1356,7 +1360,8 @@ static int filesystem_iterator_frame_push(
 	else
 		git_buf_puts(&root, iter->root);
 
-	if (git_buf_oom(&root)) {
+	if (git_buf_oom(&root) ||
+	    git_path_validate_workdir_buf(iter->base.repo, &root) < 0) {
 		error = -1;
 		goto done;
 	}
@@ -1376,7 +1381,8 @@ static int filesystem_iterator_frame_push(
 			filesystem_iterator_entry_cmp)) < 0)
 		goto done;
 
-	git_pool_init(&new_frame->entry_pool, 1);
+	if ((error = git_pool_init(&new_frame->entry_pool, 1)) < 0)
+		goto done;
 
 	/* check if this directory is ignored */
 	filesystem_iterator_frame_push_ignores(iter, frame_entry, new_frame);
@@ -1385,10 +1391,11 @@ static int filesystem_iterator_frame_push(
 		iterator_pathlist_search_t pathlist_match = ITERATOR_PATHLIST_FULL;
 		bool dir_expected = false;
 
-		if ((error = git_path_diriter_fullpath(&path, &path_len, &diriter)) < 0)
+		if ((error = git_path_diriter_fullpath(&path, &path_len, &diriter)) < 0 ||
+		    (error = git_path_validate_workdir_with_len(iter->base.repo, path, path_len)) < 0)
 			goto done;
 
-		assert(path_len > iter->root_len);
+		GIT_ASSERT(path_len > iter->root_len);
 
 		/* remove the prefix if requested */
 		path += iter->root_len;
@@ -1469,17 +1476,19 @@ done:
 	return error;
 }
 
-GIT_INLINE(void) filesystem_iterator_frame_pop(filesystem_iterator *iter)
+GIT_INLINE(int) filesystem_iterator_frame_pop(filesystem_iterator *iter)
 {
 	filesystem_iterator_frame *frame;
 
-	assert(iter->frames.size);
+	GIT_ASSERT(iter->frames.size);
 
 	frame = git_array_pop(iter->frames);
 	filesystem_iterator_frame_pop_ignores(iter);
 
 	git_pool_clear(&frame->entry_pool);
 	git_vector_free(&frame->entries);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static void filesystem_iterator_set_current(
@@ -1556,7 +1565,8 @@ static int filesystem_iterator_is_dir(
 	}
 
 	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&fullpath, iter->root, entry->path)) < 0 ||
-		(error = p_stat(fullpath.ptr, &st)) < 0)
+	    (error = git_path_validate_workdir_buf(iter->base.repo, &fullpath)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = p_stat(fullpath.ptr, &st)) < 0)
 		goto done;
 
 	*is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
@@ -1646,7 +1656,7 @@ static int filesystem_iterator_advance_into(
 	 * we will have pushed a new (empty) frame on to the stack for this
 	 * new directory.  since it's empty, its current_entry should be null.
 	 */
-	assert(iterator__do_autoexpand(i) ^ (prev_entry != NULL));
+	GIT_ASSERT(iterator__do_autoexpand(i) ^ (prev_entry != NULL));
 
 	if (prev_entry) {
 		if (prev_entry->st.st_mode != GIT_FILEMODE_COMMIT &&
@@ -1762,12 +1772,13 @@ static int filesystem_iterator_advance_over(
 	*out = NULL;
 	*status = GIT_ITERATOR_STATUS_NORMAL;
 
-	assert(iterator__has_been_accessed(i));
+	GIT_ASSERT(iterator__has_been_accessed(i));
 
 	current_frame = filesystem_iterator_current_frame(iter);
-	assert(current_frame);
+	GIT_ASSERT(current_frame);
+
 	current_entry = filesystem_iterator_current_entry(current_frame);
-	assert(current_entry);
+	GIT_ASSERT(current_entry);
 
 	if ((error = git_iterator_current(&entry, i)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -2065,8 +2076,8 @@ static bool index_iterator_create_pseudotree(
 
 static int index_iterator_skip_pseudotree(index_iterator *iter)
 {
-	assert(iterator__has_been_accessed(&iter->base));
-	assert(S_ISDIR(iter->entry->mode));
+	GIT_ASSERT(iterator__has_been_accessed(&iter->base));
+	GIT_ASSERT(S_ISDIR(iter->entry->mode));
 
 	while (true) {
 		const git_index_entry *next_entry = NULL;
@@ -2280,10 +2291,11 @@ int git_iterator_reset_range(
 	return i->cb->reset(i);
 }
 
-void git_iterator_set_ignore_case(git_iterator *i, bool ignore_case)
+int git_iterator_set_ignore_case(git_iterator *i, bool ignore_case)
 {
-	assert(!iterator__has_been_accessed(i));
+	GIT_ASSERT(!iterator__has_been_accessed(i));
 	iterator_set_ignore_case(i, ignore_case);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 void git_iterator_free(git_iterator *iter)
diff --git a/src/iterator.h b/src/iterator.h
index ebd6936..30465df 100644
--- a/src/iterator.h
+++ b/src/iterator.h
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ GIT_INLINE(bool) git_iterator_ignore_case(git_iterator *iter)
 	return ((iter->flags & GIT_ITERATOR_IGNORE_CASE) != 0);
 }
 
-extern void git_iterator_set_ignore_case(
+extern int git_iterator_set_ignore_case(
 	git_iterator *iter, bool ignore_case);
 
 extern int git_iterator_current_tree_entry(
diff --git a/src/khash.h b/src/khash.h
index 40e2d18..7adccdb 100644
--- a/src/khash.h
+++ b/src/khash.h
@@ -131,17 +131,8 @@ int main() {
 
 /* compiler specific configuration */
 
-#if UINT_MAX == 0xffffffffu
-typedef unsigned int khint32_t;
-#elif ULONG_MAX == 0xffffffffu
-typedef unsigned long khint32_t;
-#endif
-
-#if ULONG_MAX == ULLONG_MAX
-typedef unsigned long khint64_t;
-#else
-typedef unsigned long long khint64_t;
-#endif
+typedef uint32_t khint32_t;
+typedef uint64_t khint64_t;
 
 #ifndef kh_inline
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
diff --git a/src/libgit2.c b/src/libgit2.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aee9cf2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libgit2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,381 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include "libgit2.h"
+
+#include <git2.h>
+#include "alloc.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "common.h"
+#include "filter.h"
+#include "hash.h"
+#include "index.h"
+#include "merge_driver.h"
+#include "pool.h"
+#include "mwindow.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "odb.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
+#include "sysdir.h"
+#include "thread.h"
+#include "threadstate.h"
+#include "git2/global.h"
+#include "streams/registry.h"
+#include "streams/mbedtls.h"
+#include "streams/openssl.h"
+#include "transports/smart.h"
+#include "transports/http.h"
+#include "transports/ssh.h"
+
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+# include "win32/w32_leakcheck.h"
+#endif
+
+/* Declarations for tuneable settings */
+extern size_t git_mwindow__window_size;
+extern size_t git_mwindow__mapped_limit;
+extern size_t git_mwindow__file_limit;
+extern size_t git_indexer__max_objects;
+extern bool git_disable_pack_keep_file_checks;
+extern int git_odb__packed_priority;
+extern int git_odb__loose_priority;
+
+char *git__user_agent;
+char *git__ssl_ciphers;
+
+static void libgit2_settings_global_shutdown(void)
+{
+	git__free(git__user_agent);
+	git__free(git__ssl_ciphers);
+}
+
+static int git_libgit2_settings_global_init(void)
+{
+	return git_runtime_shutdown_register(libgit2_settings_global_shutdown);
+}
+
+int git_libgit2_init(void)
+{
+	static git_runtime_init_fn init_fns[] = {
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+		git_win32_leakcheck_global_init,
+#endif
+		git_allocator_global_init,
+		git_threadstate_global_init,
+		git_threads_global_init,
+		git_hash_global_init,
+		git_sysdir_global_init,
+		git_filter_global_init,
+		git_merge_driver_global_init,
+		git_transport_ssh_global_init,
+		git_stream_registry_global_init,
+		git_openssl_stream_global_init,
+		git_mbedtls_stream_global_init,
+		git_mwindow_global_init,
+		git_pool_global_init,
+		git_libgit2_settings_global_init
+	};
+
+	return git_runtime_init(init_fns, ARRAY_SIZE(init_fns));
+}
+
+int git_libgit2_init_count(void)
+{
+	return git_runtime_init_count();
+}
+
+int git_libgit2_shutdown(void)
+{
+	return git_runtime_shutdown();
+}
+
+int git_libgit2_version(int *major, int *minor, int *rev)
+{
+	*major = LIBGIT2_VER_MAJOR;
+	*minor = LIBGIT2_VER_MINOR;
+	*rev = LIBGIT2_VER_REVISION;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_libgit2_features(void)
+{
+	return 0
+#ifdef GIT_THREADS
+		| GIT_FEATURE_THREADS
+#endif
+#ifdef GIT_HTTPS
+		| GIT_FEATURE_HTTPS
+#endif
+#if defined(GIT_SSH)
+		| GIT_FEATURE_SSH
+#endif
+#if defined(GIT_USE_NSEC)
+		| GIT_FEATURE_NSEC
+#endif
+	;
+}
+
+static int config_level_to_sysdir(int *out, int config_level)
+{
+	switch (config_level) {
+	case GIT_CONFIG_LEVEL_SYSTEM:
+		*out = GIT_SYSDIR_SYSTEM;
+		return 0;
+	case GIT_CONFIG_LEVEL_XDG:
+		*out = GIT_SYSDIR_XDG;
+		return 0;
+	case GIT_CONFIG_LEVEL_GLOBAL:
+		*out = GIT_SYSDIR_GLOBAL;
+		return 0;
+	case GIT_CONFIG_LEVEL_PROGRAMDATA:
+		*out = GIT_SYSDIR_PROGRAMDATA;
+		return 0;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	git_error_set(
+		GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "invalid config path selector %d", config_level);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+const char *git_libgit2__user_agent(void)
+{
+	return git__user_agent;
+}
+
+const char *git_libgit2__ssl_ciphers(void)
+{
+	return git__ssl_ciphers;
+}
+
+int git_libgit2_opts(int key, ...)
+{
+	int error = 0;
+	va_list ap;
+
+	va_start(ap, key);
+
+	switch (key) {
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_MWINDOW_SIZE:
+		git_mwindow__window_size = va_arg(ap, size_t);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_GET_MWINDOW_SIZE:
+		*(va_arg(ap, size_t *)) = git_mwindow__window_size;
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_MWINDOW_MAPPED_LIMIT:
+		git_mwindow__mapped_limit = va_arg(ap, size_t);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_GET_MWINDOW_MAPPED_LIMIT:
+		*(va_arg(ap, size_t *)) = git_mwindow__mapped_limit;
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT:
+		git_mwindow__file_limit = va_arg(ap, size_t);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_GET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT:
+		*(va_arg(ap, size_t *)) = git_mwindow__file_limit;
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_GET_SEARCH_PATH:
+		{
+			int sysdir = va_arg(ap, int);
+			git_buf *out = va_arg(ap, git_buf *);
+			const git_buf *tmp;
+			int level;
+
+			if ((error = config_level_to_sysdir(&level, sysdir)) < 0 ||
+			    (error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0 ||
+			    (error = git_sysdir_get(&tmp, level)) < 0)
+				break;
+
+			error = git_buf_sets(out, tmp->ptr);
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_SEARCH_PATH:
+		{
+			int level;
+
+			if ((error = config_level_to_sysdir(&level, va_arg(ap, int))) >= 0)
+				error = git_sysdir_set(level, va_arg(ap, const char *));
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_CACHE_OBJECT_LIMIT:
+		{
+			git_object_t type = (git_object_t)va_arg(ap, int);
+			size_t size = va_arg(ap, size_t);
+			error = git_cache_set_max_object_size(type, size);
+			break;
+		}
+
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_CACHE_MAX_SIZE:
+		git_cache__max_storage = va_arg(ap, ssize_t);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_CACHING:
+		git_cache__enabled = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_GET_CACHED_MEMORY:
+		*(va_arg(ap, ssize_t *)) = git_cache__current_storage.val;
+		*(va_arg(ap, ssize_t *)) = git_cache__max_storage;
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_GET_TEMPLATE_PATH:
+		{
+			git_buf *out = va_arg(ap, git_buf *);
+			const git_buf *tmp;
+
+			if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0 ||
+			    (error = git_sysdir_get(&tmp, GIT_SYSDIR_TEMPLATE)) < 0)
+				break;
+
+			error = git_buf_sets(out, tmp->ptr);
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_TEMPLATE_PATH:
+		error = git_sysdir_set(GIT_SYSDIR_TEMPLATE, va_arg(ap, const char *));
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_SSL_CERT_LOCATIONS:
+#ifdef GIT_OPENSSL
+		{
+			const char *file = va_arg(ap, const char *);
+			const char *path = va_arg(ap, const char *);
+			error = git_openssl__set_cert_location(file, path);
+		}
+#elif defined(GIT_MBEDTLS)
+		{
+			const char *file = va_arg(ap, const char *);
+			const char *path = va_arg(ap, const char *);
+			if (file)
+				error = git_mbedtls__set_cert_location(file, 0);
+			if (error && path)
+				error = git_mbedtls__set_cert_location(path, 1);
+		}
+#else
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SSL, "TLS backend doesn't support certificate locations");
+		error = -1;
+#endif
+		break;
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_USER_AGENT:
+		git__free(git__user_agent);
+		git__user_agent = git__strdup(va_arg(ap, const char *));
+		if (!git__user_agent) {
+			git_error_set_oom();
+			error = -1;
+		}
+
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_STRICT_OBJECT_CREATION:
+		git_object__strict_input_validation = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_STRICT_SYMBOLIC_REF_CREATION:
+		git_reference__enable_symbolic_ref_target_validation = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_SSL_CIPHERS:
+#if (GIT_OPENSSL || GIT_MBEDTLS)
+		{
+			git__free(git__ssl_ciphers);
+			git__ssl_ciphers = git__strdup(va_arg(ap, const char *));
+			if (!git__ssl_ciphers) {
+				git_error_set_oom();
+				error = -1;
+			}
+		}
+#else
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SSL, "TLS backend doesn't support custom ciphers");
+		error = -1;
+#endif
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_GET_USER_AGENT:
+		{
+			git_buf *out = va_arg(ap, git_buf *);
+			if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+				break;
+			error = git_buf_sets(out, git__user_agent);
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_OFS_DELTA:
+		git_smart__ofs_delta_enabled = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_FSYNC_GITDIR:
+		git_repository__fsync_gitdir = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_GET_WINDOWS_SHAREMODE:
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+		*(va_arg(ap, unsigned long *)) = git_win32__createfile_sharemode;
+#endif
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_WINDOWS_SHAREMODE:
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+		git_win32__createfile_sharemode = va_arg(ap, unsigned long);
+#endif
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_STRICT_HASH_VERIFICATION:
+		git_odb__strict_hash_verification = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_ALLOCATOR:
+		error = git_allocator_setup(va_arg(ap, git_allocator *));
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_UNSAVED_INDEX_SAFETY:
+		git_index__enforce_unsaved_safety = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_PACK_MAX_OBJECTS:
+		git_indexer__max_objects = va_arg(ap, size_t);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_GET_PACK_MAX_OBJECTS:
+		*(va_arg(ap, size_t *)) = git_indexer__max_objects;
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_DISABLE_PACK_KEEP_FILE_CHECKS:
+		git_disable_pack_keep_file_checks = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_HTTP_EXPECT_CONTINUE:
+		git_http__expect_continue = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_ODB_PACKED_PRIORITY:
+		git_odb__packed_priority = va_arg(ap, int);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_OPT_SET_ODB_LOOSE_PRIORITY:
+		git_odb__loose_priority = va_arg(ap, int);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "invalid option key");
+		error = -1;
+	}
+
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	return error;
+}
diff --git a/src/libgit2.h b/src/libgit2.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a898367
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libgit2.h
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+#ifndef INCLUDE_libgit2_h__
+#define INCLUDE_libgit2_h__
+
+extern int git_libgit2_init_count(void);
+
+extern const char *git_libgit2__user_agent(void);
+extern const char *git_libgit2__ssl_ciphers(void);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/mailmap.c b/src/mailmap.c
index 409cdbd..b69d55e 100644
--- a/src/mailmap.c
+++ b/src/mailmap.c
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ static int mailmap_entry_cmp(const void *a_raw, const void *b_raw)
 	const git_mailmap_entry *b = (const git_mailmap_entry *)b_raw;
 	int cmp;
 
-	assert(a && b && a->replace_email && b->replace_email);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(a && a->replace_email);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(b && b->replace_email);
 
 	cmp = git__strcmp(a->replace_email, b->replace_email);
 	if (cmp)
@@ -185,7 +186,8 @@ static int mailmap_add_entry_unterminated(
 	git_mailmap_entry *entry = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_mailmap_entry));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(entry);
 
-	assert(mm && replace_email && *replace_email);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(mm);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(replace_email && *replace_email);
 
 	if (real_name_size > 0) {
 		entry->real_name = git__substrdup(real_name, real_name_size);
@@ -290,7 +292,8 @@ static int mailmap_add_blob(
 	git_buf content = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(mm && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(mm);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	error = git_revparse_single(&object, repo, rev);
 	if (error < 0)
@@ -327,6 +330,10 @@ static int mailmap_add_file_ondisk(
 	if (error < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
+	error = git_path_validate_workdir_buf(repo, &fullpath);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
 	error = git_futils_readbuffer(&content, fullpath.ptr);
 	if (error < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
@@ -350,8 +357,6 @@ static void mailmap_add_from_repository(git_mailmap *mm, git_repository *repo)
 	const char *rev = NULL;
 	const char *path = NULL;
 
-	assert(mm && repo);
-
 	/* If we're in a bare repo, default blob to 'HEAD:.mailmap' */
 	if (repo->is_bare)
 		rev = MM_BLOB_DEFAULT;
@@ -389,9 +394,14 @@ static void mailmap_add_from_repository(git_mailmap *mm, git_repository *repo)
 
 int git_mailmap_from_repository(git_mailmap **out, git_repository *repo)
 {
-	int error = git_mailmap_new(out);
-	if (error < 0)
+	int error;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+
+	if ((error = git_mailmap_new(out)) < 0)
 		return error;
+
 	mailmap_add_from_repository(*out, repo);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -408,7 +418,7 @@ const git_mailmap_entry *git_mailmap_entry_lookup(
 	git_mailmap_entry needle = { NULL };
 	needle.replace_email = (char *)email;
 
-	assert(email);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(email, NULL);
 
 	if (!mm)
 		return NULL;
@@ -431,7 +441,8 @@ const git_mailmap_entry *git_mailmap_entry_lookup(
 		if (git__strcmp(entry->replace_email, email))
 			break; /* it's a different email, so we're done looking */
 
-		assert(entry->replace_name); /* should be specific */
+		 /* should be specific */
+		GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL(entry->replace_name, NULL);
 		if (!name || !git__strcmp(entry->replace_name, name))
 			return entry;
 	}
@@ -447,7 +458,9 @@ int git_mailmap_resolve(
 	const char *name, const char *email)
 {
 	const git_mailmap_entry *entry = NULL;
-	assert(name && email);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT(name);
+	GIT_ASSERT(email);
 
 	*real_name = name;
 	*real_email = email;
diff --git a/src/map.h b/src/map.h
index 6328d8c..01931d1 100644
--- a/src/map.h
+++ b/src/map.h
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ typedef struct { /* memory mapped buffer	*/
 } git_map;
 
 #define GIT_MMAP_VALIDATE(out, len, prot, flags) do { \
-	assert(out != NULL && len > 0); \
-	assert((prot & GIT_PROT_WRITE) || (prot & GIT_PROT_READ)); \
-	assert((flags & GIT_MAP_FIXED) == 0); } while (0)
+	GIT_ASSERT(out != NULL && len > 0); \
+	GIT_ASSERT((prot & GIT_PROT_WRITE) || (prot & GIT_PROT_READ)); \
+	GIT_ASSERT((flags & GIT_MAP_FIXED) == 0); } while (0)
 
 extern int p_mmap(git_map *out, size_t len, int prot, int flags, int fd, off64_t offset);
 extern int p_munmap(git_map *map);
diff --git a/src/merge.c b/src/merge.c
index 05a776e..0e4bb58 100644
--- a/src/merge.c
+++ b/src/merge.c
@@ -68,9 +68,19 @@ struct merge_diff_df_data {
 	git_merge_diff *prev_conflict;
 };
 
+/*
+ * This acts as a negative cache entry marker. In case we've tried to calculate
+ * similarity metrics for a given blob already but `git_hashsig` determined
+ * that it's too small in order to have a meaningful hash signature, we will
+ * insert the address of this marker instead of `NULL`. Like this, we can
+ * easily check whether we have checked a gien entry already and skip doing the
+ * calculation again and again.
+ */
+static int cache_invalid_marker;
+
 /* Merge base computation */
 
-int merge_bases_many(git_commit_list **out, git_revwalk **walk_out, git_repository *repo, size_t length, const git_oid input_array[])
+static int merge_bases_many(git_commit_list **out, git_revwalk **walk_out, git_repository *repo, size_t length, const git_oid input_array[])
 {
 	git_revwalk *walk = NULL;
 	git_vector list;
@@ -102,7 +112,7 @@ int merge_bases_many(git_commit_list **out, git_revwalk **walk_out, git_reposito
 	if (commit == NULL)
 		goto on_error;
 
-	if (git_merge__bases_many(&result, walk, commit, &list) < 0)
+	if (git_merge__bases_many(&result, walk, commit, &list, 0) < 0)
 		goto on_error;
 
 	if (!result) {
@@ -129,7 +139,9 @@ int git_merge_base_many(git_oid *out, git_repository *repo, size_t length, const
 	git_commit_list *result = NULL;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && repo && input_array);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(input_array);
 
 	if ((error = merge_bases_many(&result, &walk, repo, length, input_array)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -149,7 +161,9 @@ int git_merge_bases_many(git_oidarray *out, git_repository *repo, size_t length,
 	int error = 0;
 	git_array_oid_t array;
 
-	assert(out && repo && input_array);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(input_array);
 
 	if ((error = merge_bases_many(&result, &walk, repo, length, input_array)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -183,7 +197,9 @@ int git_merge_base_octopus(git_oid *out, git_repository *repo, size_t length, co
 	unsigned int i;
 	int error = -1;
 
-	assert(out && repo && input_array);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(input_array);
 
 	if (length < 2) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "at least two commits are required to find an ancestor");
@@ -227,7 +243,7 @@ static int merge_bases(git_commit_list **out, git_revwalk **walk_out, git_reposi
 	if (commit == NULL)
 		goto on_error;
 
-	if (git_merge__bases_many(&result, walk, commit, &list) < 0)
+	if (git_merge__bases_many(&result, walk, commit, &list, 0) < 0)
 		goto on_error;
 
 	if (!result) {
@@ -362,7 +378,11 @@ static int clear_commit_marks(git_commit_list_node *commit, unsigned int mark)
 }
 
 static int paint_down_to_common(
-	git_commit_list **out, git_revwalk *walk, git_commit_list_node *one, git_vector *twos)
+		git_commit_list **out,
+		git_revwalk *walk,
+		git_commit_list_node *one,
+		git_vector *twos,
+		uint32_t minimum_generation)
 {
 	git_pqueue list;
 	git_commit_list *result = NULL;
@@ -371,7 +391,7 @@ static int paint_down_to_common(
 	int error;
 	unsigned int i;
 
-	if (git_pqueue_init(&list, 0, twos->length * 2, git_commit_list_time_cmp) < 0)
+	if (git_pqueue_init(&list, 0, twos->length * 2, git_commit_list_generation_cmp) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	one->flags |= PARENT1;
@@ -383,7 +403,6 @@ static int paint_down_to_common(
 			return -1;
 
 		two->flags |= PARENT2;
-
 		if (git_pqueue_insert(&list, two) < 0)
 			return -1;
 	}
@@ -411,6 +430,8 @@ static int paint_down_to_common(
 			git_commit_list_node *p = commit->parents[i];
 			if ((p->flags & flags) == flags)
 				continue;
+			if (p->generation < minimum_generation)
+				continue;
 
 			if ((error = git_commit_list_parse(walk, p)) < 0)
 				return error;
@@ -426,7 +447,7 @@ static int paint_down_to_common(
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int remove_redundant(git_revwalk *walk, git_vector *commits)
+static int remove_redundant(git_revwalk *walk, git_vector *commits, uint32_t minimum_generation)
 {
 	git_vector work = GIT_VECTOR_INIT;
 	unsigned char *redundant;
@@ -462,7 +483,7 @@ static int remove_redundant(git_revwalk *walk, git_vector *commits)
 				goto done;
 		}
 
-		error = paint_down_to_common(&common, walk, commit, &work);
+		error = paint_down_to_common(&common, walk, commit, &work, minimum_generation);
 		if (error < 0)
 			goto done;
 
@@ -494,7 +515,12 @@ done:
 	return error;
 }
 
-int git_merge__bases_many(git_commit_list **out, git_revwalk *walk, git_commit_list_node *one, git_vector *twos)
+int git_merge__bases_many(
+		git_commit_list **out,
+		git_revwalk *walk,
+		git_commit_list_node *one,
+		git_vector *twos,
+		uint32_t minimum_generation)
 {
 	int error;
 	unsigned int i;
@@ -516,7 +542,7 @@ int git_merge__bases_many(git_commit_list **out, git_revwalk *walk, git_commit_l
 	if (git_commit_list_parse(walk, one) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	error = paint_down_to_common(&result, walk, one, twos);
+	error = paint_down_to_common(&result, walk, one, twos, minimum_generation);
 	if (error < 0)
 		return error;
 
@@ -543,7 +569,7 @@ int git_merge__bases_many(git_commit_list **out, git_revwalk *walk, git_commit_l
 
 		if ((error = clear_commit_marks(one, ALL_FLAGS)) < 0 ||
 		    (error = clear_commit_marks_many(twos, ALL_FLAGS)) < 0 ||
-		    (error = remove_redundant(walk, &redundant)) < 0) {
+		    (error = remove_redundant(walk, &redundant, minimum_generation)) < 0) {
 			git_vector_free(&redundant);
 			return error;
 		}
@@ -571,7 +597,8 @@ int git_repository_mergehead_foreach(
 	git_oid oid;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(repo && cb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cb);
 
 	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&merge_head_path, repo->gitdir,
 		GIT_MERGE_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
@@ -640,7 +667,9 @@ static int merge_conflict_resolve_trivial(
 	git_index_entry const *result = NULL;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(resolved && diff_list && conflict);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(resolved);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff_list);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(conflict);
 
 	*resolved = 0;
 
@@ -723,7 +752,9 @@ static int merge_conflict_resolve_one_removed(
 	int ours_changed, theirs_changed;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(resolved && diff_list && conflict);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(resolved);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff_list);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(conflict);
 
 	*resolved = 0;
 
@@ -763,7 +794,9 @@ static int merge_conflict_resolve_one_renamed(
 	git_index_entry *merged;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(resolved && diff_list && conflict);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(resolved);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff_list);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(conflict);
 
 	*resolved = 0;
 
@@ -907,7 +940,9 @@ static int merge_conflict_resolve_contents(
 	bool fallback = false;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(resolved && diff_list && conflict);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(resolved);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff_list);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(conflict);
 
 	*resolved = 0;
 
@@ -1027,6 +1062,9 @@ static int index_entry_similarity_calc(
 	git_object_size_t blobsize;
 	int error;
 
+	if (*out || *out == &cache_invalid_marker)
+		return 0;
+
 	*out = NULL;
 
 	if ((error = git_blob_lookup(&blob, repo, &entry->id)) < 0)
@@ -1047,6 +1085,8 @@ static int index_entry_similarity_calc(
 	error = opts->metric->buffer_signature(out, &diff_file,
 		git_blob_rawcontent(blob), (size_t)blobsize,
 		opts->metric->payload);
+	if (error == GIT_EBUFS)
+		*out = &cache_invalid_marker;
 
 	git_blob_free(blob);
 
@@ -1069,18 +1109,16 @@ static int index_entry_similarity_inexact(
 		return 0;
 
 	/* update signature cache if needed */
-	if (!cache[a_idx] && (error = index_entry_similarity_calc(&cache[a_idx], repo, a, opts)) < 0)
-		return error;
-	if (!cache[b_idx] && (error = index_entry_similarity_calc(&cache[b_idx], repo, b, opts)) < 0)
+	if ((error = index_entry_similarity_calc(&cache[a_idx], repo, a, opts)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = index_entry_similarity_calc(&cache[b_idx], repo, b, opts)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	/* some metrics may not wish to process this file (too big / too small) */
-	if (!cache[a_idx] || !cache[b_idx])
+	if (cache[a_idx] == &cache_invalid_marker || cache[b_idx] == &cache_invalid_marker)
 		return 0;
 
 	/* compare signatures */
-	if (opts->metric->similarity(
-		&score, cache[a_idx], cache[b_idx], opts->metric->payload) < 0)
+	if (opts->metric->similarity(&score, cache[a_idx], cache[b_idx], opts->metric->payload) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	/* clip score */
@@ -1504,9 +1542,11 @@ int git_merge_diff_list__find_renames(
 	size_t src_count, tgt_count, i;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(diff_list && opts);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff_list);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(opts);
 
-	if ((opts->flags & GIT_MERGE_FIND_RENAMES) == 0)
+	if ((opts->flags & GIT_MERGE_FIND_RENAMES) == 0 ||
+	    !diff_list->conflicts.length)
 		return 0;
 
 	similarity_ours = git__calloc(diff_list->conflicts.length,
@@ -1550,7 +1590,7 @@ int git_merge_diff_list__find_renames(
 done:
 	if (cache != NULL) {
 		for (i = 0; i < cache_size; ++i) {
-			if (cache[i] != NULL)
+			if (cache[i] != NULL && cache[i] != &cache_invalid_marker)
 				opts->metric->free_signature(cache[i], opts->metric->payload);
 		}
 
@@ -1797,12 +1837,12 @@ git_merge_diff_list *git_merge_diff_list__alloc(git_repository *repo)
 
 	diff_list->repo = repo;
 
-	git_pool_init(&diff_list->pool, 1);
 
-	if (git_vector_init(&diff_list->staged, 0, NULL) < 0 ||
-		git_vector_init(&diff_list->conflicts, 0, NULL) < 0 ||
-		git_vector_init(&diff_list->resolved, 0, NULL) < 0) {
-		git_merge_diff_list__free(diff_list);
+	if (git_pool_init(&diff_list->pool, 1) < 0 ||
+	    git_vector_init(&diff_list->staged, 0, NULL) < 0 ||
+	    git_vector_init(&diff_list->conflicts, 0, NULL) < 0 ||
+	    git_vector_init(&diff_list->resolved, 0, NULL) < 0) {
+	    git_merge_diff_list__free(diff_list);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
@@ -1830,7 +1870,8 @@ static int merge_normalize_opts(
 	git_config_entry *entry = NULL;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(repo && opts);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(opts);
 
 	if ((error = git_repository_config__weakptr(&cfg, repo)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -2057,7 +2098,8 @@ int git_merge__iterators(
 	size_t i;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -2141,7 +2183,8 @@ int git_merge_trees(
 	git_iterator_options iter_opts = GIT_ITERATOR_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	/* if one side is treesame to the ancestor, take the other side */
 	if (ancestor_tree && merge_opts && (merge_opts->flags & GIT_MERGE_SKIP_REUC)) {
@@ -2245,8 +2288,11 @@ static int create_virtual_base(
 	result->type = GIT_ANNOTATED_COMMIT_VIRTUAL;
 	result->index = index;
 
-	insert_head_ids(&result->parents, one);
-	insert_head_ids(&result->parents, two);
+	if (insert_head_ids(&result->parents, one) < 0 ||
+		insert_head_ids(&result->parents, two) < 0) {
+		git_annotated_commit_free(result);
+		return -1;
+	}
 
 	*out = result;
 	return 0;
@@ -2428,7 +2474,8 @@ static int write_merge_head(
 	size_t i;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(repo && heads);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(heads);
 
 	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&file_path, repo->gitdir, GIT_MERGE_HEAD_FILE)) < 0 ||
 		(error = git_filebuf_open(&file, file_path.ptr, GIT_FILEBUF_CREATE_LEADING_DIRS, GIT_MERGE_FILE_MODE)) < 0)
@@ -2456,7 +2503,7 @@ static int write_merge_mode(git_repository *repo)
 	git_buf file_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&file_path, repo->gitdir, GIT_MERGE_MODE_FILE)) < 0 ||
 		(error = git_filebuf_open(&file, file_path.ptr, GIT_FILEBUF_CREATE_LEADING_DIRS, GIT_MERGE_FILE_MODE)) < 0)
@@ -2676,7 +2723,8 @@ static int write_merge_msg(
 	char sep = 0;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(repo && heads);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(heads);
 
 	entries = git__calloc(heads_len, sizeof(struct merge_msg_entry));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(entries);
@@ -2787,7 +2835,9 @@ int git_merge__setup(
 {
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert (repo && our_head && heads);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(our_head);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(heads);
 
 	if ((error = git_repository__set_orig_head(repo, git_annotated_commit_id(our_head))) == 0 &&
 		(error = write_merge_head(repo, heads, heads_len)) == 0 &&
@@ -2811,7 +2861,9 @@ static int merge_ancestor_head(
 	size_t i, alloc_len;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(repo && our_head && their_heads);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(our_head);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(their_heads);
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&alloc_len, their_heads_len, 1);
 	oids = git__calloc(alloc_len, sizeof(git_oid));
@@ -2832,7 +2884,7 @@ on_error:
 	return error;
 }
 
-const char *merge_their_label(const char *branchname)
+static const char *merge_their_label(const char *branchname)
 {
 	const char *slash;
 
@@ -3189,7 +3241,10 @@ int git_merge_analysis_for_ref(
 	int error = 0;
 	bool unborn;
 
-	assert(analysis_out && preference_out && repo && their_heads && their_heads_len > 0);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(analysis_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(preference_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(their_heads && their_heads_len > 0);
 
 	if (their_heads_len != 1) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_MERGE, "can only merge a single branch");
@@ -3271,7 +3326,8 @@ int git_merge(
 	unsigned int checkout_strategy;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(repo && their_heads && their_heads_len > 0);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(their_heads && their_heads_len > 0);
 
 	if (their_heads_len != 1) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_MERGE, "can only merge a single branch");
@@ -3338,10 +3394,12 @@ int git_merge_options_init(git_merge_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_merge_init_options(git_merge_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_merge_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 int git_merge_file_input_init(git_merge_file_input *input, unsigned int version)
 {
@@ -3350,10 +3408,12 @@ int git_merge_file_input_init(git_merge_file_input *input, unsigned int version)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_merge_file_init_input(git_merge_file_input *input, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_merge_file_input_init(input, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 int git_merge_file_options_init(
 	git_merge_file_options *opts, unsigned int version)
@@ -3363,8 +3423,10 @@ int git_merge_file_options_init(
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_merge_file_init_options(
 	git_merge_file_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_merge_file_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/merge.h b/src/merge.h
index b0a7de2..3e7f80c 100644
--- a/src/merge.h
+++ b/src/merge.h
@@ -129,7 +129,8 @@ int git_merge__bases_many(
 	git_commit_list **out,
 	git_revwalk *walk,
 	git_commit_list_node *one,
-	git_vector *twos);
+	git_vector *twos,
+	uint32_t minimum_generation);
 
 /*
  * Three-way tree differencing
diff --git a/src/merge_driver.c b/src/merge_driver.c
index 666349b..17c386a 100644
--- a/src/merge_driver.c
+++ b/src/merge_driver.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #include "merge_driver.h"
 
 #include "vector.h"
-#include "global.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
 #include "merge.h"
 #include "git2/merge.h"
 #include "git2/sys/merge.h"
@@ -32,33 +32,38 @@ static struct merge_driver_registry merge_driver_registry;
 
 static void git_merge_driver_global_shutdown(void);
 
-git_repository* git_merge_driver_source_repo(const git_merge_driver_source *src)
+git_repository *git_merge_driver_source_repo(
+	const git_merge_driver_source *src)
 {
-	assert(src);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(src, NULL);
 	return src->repo;
 }
 
-const git_index_entry* git_merge_driver_source_ancestor(const git_merge_driver_source *src)
+const git_index_entry *git_merge_driver_source_ancestor(
+	const git_merge_driver_source *src)
 {
-	assert(src);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(src, NULL);
 	return src->ancestor;
 }
 
-const git_index_entry* git_merge_driver_source_ours(const git_merge_driver_source *src)
+const git_index_entry *git_merge_driver_source_ours(
+	const git_merge_driver_source *src)
 {
-	assert(src);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(src, NULL);
 	return src->ours;
 }
 
-const git_index_entry* git_merge_driver_source_theirs(const git_merge_driver_source *src)
+const git_index_entry *git_merge_driver_source_theirs(
+	const git_merge_driver_source *src)
 {
-	assert(src);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(src, NULL);
 	return src->theirs;
 }
 
-const git_merge_file_options* git_merge_driver_source_file_options(const git_merge_driver_source *src)
+const git_merge_file_options *git_merge_driver_source_file_options(
+	const git_merge_driver_source *src)
 {
-	assert(src);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(src, NULL);
 	return src->file_opts;
 }
 
@@ -209,7 +214,7 @@ int git_merge_driver_global_init(void)
 			merge_driver_name__binary, &git_merge_driver__binary)) < 0)
 		goto done;
 
-	git__on_shutdown(git_merge_driver_global_shutdown);
+	error = git_runtime_shutdown_register(git_merge_driver_global_shutdown);
 
 done:
 	if (error < 0)
@@ -262,7 +267,8 @@ int git_merge_driver_register(const char *name, git_merge_driver *driver)
 {
 	int error;
 
-	assert(name && driver);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(driver);
 
 	if (git_rwlock_wrlock(&merge_driver_registry.lock) < 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to lock merge driver registry");
diff --git a/src/merge_file.c b/src/merge_file.c
index 23daa84..bfa3ec5 100644
--- a/src/merge_file.c
+++ b/src/merge_file.c
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 
 #define GIT_MERGE_FILE_SIDE_EXISTS(X)	((X)->mode != 0)
 
-int git_merge_file__input_from_index(
+static int merge_file_input_from_index(
 	git_merge_file_input *input_out,
 	git_odb_object **odb_object_out,
 	git_odb *odb,
@@ -36,7 +36,10 @@ int git_merge_file__input_from_index(
 {
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(input_out && odb_object_out && odb && entry);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(input_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(odb_object_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(odb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(entry);
 
 	if ((error = git_odb_read(odb_object_out, odb, &entry->id)) < 0)
 		goto done;
@@ -241,7 +244,9 @@ int git_merge_file(
 {
 	git_merge_file_input inputs[3] = { {0} };
 
-	assert(out && ours && theirs);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ours);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(theirs);
 
 	memset(out, 0x0, sizeof(git_merge_file_result));
 
@@ -268,7 +273,10 @@ int git_merge_file_from_index(
 	git_odb_object *odb_object[3] = { 0 };
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && repo && ours && theirs);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ours);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(theirs);
 
 	memset(out, 0x0, sizeof(git_merge_file_result));
 
@@ -276,17 +284,15 @@ int git_merge_file_from_index(
 		goto done;
 
 	if (ancestor) {
-		if ((error = git_merge_file__input_from_index(
+		if ((error = merge_file_input_from_index(
 			&ancestor_input, &odb_object[0], odb, ancestor)) < 0)
 			goto done;
 
 		ancestor_ptr = &ancestor_input;
 	}
 
-	if ((error = git_merge_file__input_from_index(
-			&our_input, &odb_object[1], odb, ours)) < 0 ||
-		(error = git_merge_file__input_from_index(
-			&their_input, &odb_object[2], odb, theirs)) < 0)
+	if ((error = merge_file_input_from_index(&our_input, &odb_object[1], odb, ours)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = merge_file_input_from_index(&their_input, &odb_object[2], odb, theirs)) < 0)
 		goto done;
 
 	error = merge_file__from_inputs(out,
diff --git a/src/message.c b/src/message.c
index 6c5a237..327b984 100644
--- a/src/message.c
+++ b/src/message.c
@@ -28,8 +28,10 @@ int git_message_prettify(git_buf *message_out, const char *message, int strip_co
 	int consecutive_empty_lines = 0;
 	size_t i, line_length, rtrimmed_line_length;
 	char *next_newline;
+	int error;
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(message_out);
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(message_out)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < strlen(message); i += line_length) {
 		next_newline = memchr(message + i, '\n', message_len - i);
diff --git a/src/midx.c b/src/midx.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6bb9c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/midx.c
@@ -0,0 +1,477 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include "midx.h"
+
+#include "buffer.h"
+#include "futils.h"
+#include "hash.h"
+#include "odb.h"
+#include "pack.h"
+
+#define MIDX_SIGNATURE 0x4d494458 /* "MIDX" */
+#define MIDX_VERSION 1
+#define MIDX_OBJECT_ID_VERSION 1
+struct git_midx_header {
+	uint32_t signature;
+	uint8_t version;
+	uint8_t object_id_version;
+	uint8_t chunks;
+	uint8_t base_midx_files;
+	uint32_t packfiles;
+};
+
+#define MIDX_PACKFILE_NAMES_ID 0x504e414d	   /* "PNAM" */
+#define MIDX_OID_FANOUT_ID 0x4f494446	   /* "OIDF" */
+#define MIDX_OID_LOOKUP_ID 0x4f49444c	   /* "OIDL" */
+#define MIDX_OBJECT_OFFSETS_ID 0x4f4f4646	   /* "OOFF" */
+#define MIDX_OBJECT_LARGE_OFFSETS_ID 0x4c4f4646 /* "LOFF" */
+
+struct git_midx_chunk {
+	off64_t offset;
+	size_t length;
+};
+
+static int midx_error(const char *message)
+{
+	git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "invalid multi-pack-index file - %s", message);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int midx_parse_packfile_names(
+		git_midx_file *idx,
+		const unsigned char *data,
+		uint32_t packfiles,
+		struct git_midx_chunk *chunk)
+{
+	int error;
+	uint32_t i;
+	char *packfile_name = (char *)(data + chunk->offset);
+	size_t chunk_size = chunk->length, len;
+	if (chunk->offset == 0)
+		return midx_error("missing Packfile Names chunk");
+	if (chunk->length == 0)
+		return midx_error("empty Packfile Names chunk");
+	if ((error = git_vector_init(&idx->packfile_names, packfiles, git__strcmp_cb)) < 0)
+		return error;
+	for (i = 0; i < packfiles; ++i) {
+		len = p_strnlen(packfile_name, chunk_size);
+		if (len == 0)
+			return midx_error("empty packfile name");
+		if (len + 1 > chunk_size)
+			return midx_error("unterminated packfile name");
+		git_vector_insert(&idx->packfile_names, packfile_name);
+		if (i && strcmp(git_vector_get(&idx->packfile_names, i - 1), packfile_name) >= 0)
+			return midx_error("packfile names are not sorted");
+		if (strlen(packfile_name) <= strlen(".idx") || git__suffixcmp(packfile_name, ".idx") != 0)
+			return midx_error("non-.idx packfile name");
+		if (strchr(packfile_name, '/') != NULL || strchr(packfile_name, '\\') != NULL)
+			return midx_error("non-local packfile");
+		packfile_name += len + 1;
+		chunk_size -= len + 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int midx_parse_oid_fanout(
+		git_midx_file *idx,
+		const unsigned char *data,
+		struct git_midx_chunk *chunk_oid_fanout)
+{
+	uint32_t i, nr;
+	if (chunk_oid_fanout->offset == 0)
+		return midx_error("missing OID Fanout chunk");
+	if (chunk_oid_fanout->length == 0)
+		return midx_error("empty OID Fanout chunk");
+	if (chunk_oid_fanout->length != 256 * 4)
+		return midx_error("OID Fanout chunk has wrong length");
+
+	idx->oid_fanout = (const uint32_t *)(data + chunk_oid_fanout->offset);
+	nr = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
+		uint32_t n = ntohl(idx->oid_fanout[i]);
+		if (n < nr)
+			return midx_error("index is non-monotonic");
+		nr = n;
+	}
+	idx->num_objects = nr;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int midx_parse_oid_lookup(
+		git_midx_file *idx,
+		const unsigned char *data,
+		struct git_midx_chunk *chunk_oid_lookup)
+{
+	uint32_t i;
+	git_oid *oid, *prev_oid, zero_oid = {{0}};
+
+	if (chunk_oid_lookup->offset == 0)
+		return midx_error("missing OID Lookup chunk");
+	if (chunk_oid_lookup->length == 0)
+		return midx_error("empty OID Lookup chunk");
+	if (chunk_oid_lookup->length != idx->num_objects * GIT_OID_RAWSZ)
+		return midx_error("OID Lookup chunk has wrong length");
+
+	idx->oid_lookup = oid = (git_oid *)(data + chunk_oid_lookup->offset);
+	prev_oid = &zero_oid;
+	for (i = 0; i < idx->num_objects; ++i, ++oid) {
+		if (git_oid_cmp(prev_oid, oid) >= 0)
+			return midx_error("OID Lookup index is non-monotonic");
+		prev_oid = oid;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int midx_parse_object_offsets(
+		git_midx_file *idx,
+		const unsigned char *data,
+		struct git_midx_chunk *chunk_object_offsets)
+{
+	if (chunk_object_offsets->offset == 0)
+		return midx_error("missing Object Offsets chunk");
+	if (chunk_object_offsets->length == 0)
+		return midx_error("empty Object Offsets chunk");
+	if (chunk_object_offsets->length != idx->num_objects * 8)
+		return midx_error("Object Offsets chunk has wrong length");
+
+	idx->object_offsets = data + chunk_object_offsets->offset;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int midx_parse_object_large_offsets(
+		git_midx_file *idx,
+		const unsigned char *data,
+		struct git_midx_chunk *chunk_object_large_offsets)
+{
+	if (chunk_object_large_offsets->length == 0)
+		return 0;
+	if (chunk_object_large_offsets->length % 8 != 0)
+		return midx_error("malformed Object Large Offsets chunk");
+
+	idx->object_large_offsets = data + chunk_object_large_offsets->offset;
+	idx->num_object_large_offsets = chunk_object_large_offsets->length / 8;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_midx_parse(
+		git_midx_file *idx,
+		const unsigned char *data,
+		size_t size)
+{
+	struct git_midx_header *hdr;
+	const unsigned char *chunk_hdr;
+	struct git_midx_chunk *last_chunk;
+	uint32_t i;
+	off64_t last_chunk_offset, chunk_offset, trailer_offset;
+	git_oid idx_checksum = {{0}};
+	int error;
+	struct git_midx_chunk chunk_packfile_names = {0},
+					 chunk_oid_fanout = {0},
+					 chunk_oid_lookup = {0},
+					 chunk_object_offsets = {0},
+					 chunk_object_large_offsets = {0};
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(idx);
+
+	if (size < sizeof(struct git_midx_header) + GIT_OID_RAWSZ)
+		return midx_error("multi-pack index is too short");
+
+	hdr = ((struct git_midx_header *)data);
+
+	if (hdr->signature != htonl(MIDX_SIGNATURE) ||
+	    hdr->version != MIDX_VERSION ||
+	    hdr->object_id_version != MIDX_OBJECT_ID_VERSION) {
+		return midx_error("unsupported multi-pack index version");
+	}
+	if (hdr->chunks == 0)
+		return midx_error("no chunks in multi-pack index");
+
+	/*
+	 * The very first chunk's offset should be after the header, all the chunk
+	 * headers, and a special zero chunk.
+	 */
+	last_chunk_offset =
+			sizeof(struct git_midx_header) +
+			(1 + hdr->chunks) * 12;
+	trailer_offset = size - GIT_OID_RAWSZ;
+	if (trailer_offset < last_chunk_offset)
+		return midx_error("wrong index size");
+	git_oid_cpy(&idx->checksum, (git_oid *)(data + trailer_offset));
+
+	if (git_hash_buf(&idx_checksum, data, (size_t)trailer_offset) < 0)
+		return midx_error("could not calculate signature");
+	if (!git_oid_equal(&idx_checksum, &idx->checksum))
+		return midx_error("index signature mismatch");
+
+	chunk_hdr = data + sizeof(struct git_midx_header);
+	last_chunk = NULL;
+	for (i = 0; i < hdr->chunks; ++i, chunk_hdr += 12) {
+		chunk_offset = ((off64_t)ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(chunk_hdr + 4)))) << 32 |
+				((off64_t)ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(chunk_hdr + 8))));
+		if (chunk_offset < last_chunk_offset)
+			return midx_error("chunks are non-monotonic");
+		if (chunk_offset >= trailer_offset)
+			return midx_error("chunks extend beyond the trailer");
+		if (last_chunk != NULL)
+			last_chunk->length = (size_t)(chunk_offset - last_chunk_offset);
+		last_chunk_offset = chunk_offset;
+
+		switch (ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(chunk_hdr + 0)))) {
+		case MIDX_PACKFILE_NAMES_ID:
+			chunk_packfile_names.offset = last_chunk_offset;
+			last_chunk = &chunk_packfile_names;
+			break;
+
+		case MIDX_OID_FANOUT_ID:
+			chunk_oid_fanout.offset = last_chunk_offset;
+			last_chunk = &chunk_oid_fanout;
+			break;
+
+		case MIDX_OID_LOOKUP_ID:
+			chunk_oid_lookup.offset = last_chunk_offset;
+			last_chunk = &chunk_oid_lookup;
+			break;
+
+		case MIDX_OBJECT_OFFSETS_ID:
+			chunk_object_offsets.offset = last_chunk_offset;
+			last_chunk = &chunk_object_offsets;
+			break;
+
+		case MIDX_OBJECT_LARGE_OFFSETS_ID:
+			chunk_object_large_offsets.offset = last_chunk_offset;
+			last_chunk = &chunk_object_large_offsets;
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			return midx_error("unrecognized chunk ID");
+		}
+	}
+	last_chunk->length = (size_t)(trailer_offset - last_chunk_offset);
+
+	error = midx_parse_packfile_names(
+			idx, data, ntohl(hdr->packfiles), &chunk_packfile_names);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	error = midx_parse_oid_fanout(idx, data, &chunk_oid_fanout);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	error = midx_parse_oid_lookup(idx, data, &chunk_oid_lookup);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	error = midx_parse_object_offsets(idx, data, &chunk_object_offsets);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	error = midx_parse_object_large_offsets(idx, data, &chunk_object_large_offsets);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_midx_open(
+		git_midx_file **idx_out,
+		const char *path)
+{
+	git_midx_file *idx;
+	git_file fd = -1;
+	size_t idx_size;
+	struct stat st;
+	int error;
+
+	/* TODO: properly open the file without access time using O_NOATIME */
+	fd = git_futils_open_ro(path);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return fd;
+
+	if (p_fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
+		p_close(fd);
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "multi-pack-index file not found - '%s'", path);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || !git__is_sizet(st.st_size)) {
+		p_close(fd);
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "invalid pack index '%s'", path);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	idx_size = (size_t)st.st_size;
+
+	idx = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_midx_file));
+	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(idx);
+
+	error = git_buf_sets(&idx->filename, path);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = git_futils_mmap_ro(&idx->index_map, fd, 0, idx_size);
+	p_close(fd);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		git_midx_free(idx);
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	if ((error = git_midx_parse(idx, idx->index_map.data, idx_size)) < 0) {
+		git_midx_free(idx);
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	*idx_out = idx;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+bool git_midx_needs_refresh(
+		const git_midx_file *idx,
+		const char *path)
+{
+	git_file fd = -1;
+	struct stat st;
+	ssize_t bytes_read;
+	git_oid idx_checksum = {{0}};
+
+	/* TODO: properly open the file without access time using O_NOATIME */
+	fd = git_futils_open_ro(path);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return true;
+
+	if (p_fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
+		p_close(fd);
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode) ||
+	    !git__is_sizet(st.st_size) ||
+	    (size_t)st.st_size != idx->index_map.len) {
+		p_close(fd);
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	bytes_read = p_pread(fd, &idx_checksum, GIT_OID_RAWSZ, st.st_size - GIT_OID_RAWSZ);
+	p_close(fd);
+
+	if (bytes_read != GIT_OID_RAWSZ)
+		return true;
+
+	return !git_oid_equal(&idx_checksum, &idx->checksum);
+}
+
+int git_midx_entry_find(
+		git_midx_entry *e,
+		git_midx_file *idx,
+		const git_oid *short_oid,
+		size_t len)
+{
+	int pos, found = 0;
+	size_t pack_index;
+	uint32_t hi, lo;
+	const git_oid *current = NULL;
+	const unsigned char *object_offset;
+	off64_t offset;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(idx);
+
+	hi = ntohl(idx->oid_fanout[(int)short_oid->id[0]]);
+	lo = ((short_oid->id[0] == 0x0) ? 0 : ntohl(idx->oid_fanout[(int)short_oid->id[0] - 1]));
+
+	pos = git_pack__lookup_sha1(idx->oid_lookup, GIT_OID_RAWSZ, lo, hi, short_oid->id);
+
+	if (pos >= 0) {
+		/* An object matching exactly the oid was found */
+		found = 1;
+		current = idx->oid_lookup + pos;
+	} else {
+		/* No object was found */
+		/* pos refers to the object with the "closest" oid to short_oid */
+		pos = -1 - pos;
+		if (pos < (int)idx->num_objects) {
+			current = idx->oid_lookup + pos;
+
+			if (!git_oid_ncmp(short_oid, current, len))
+				found = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (found && len != GIT_OID_HEXSZ && pos + 1 < (int)idx->num_objects) {
+		/* Check for ambiguousity */
+		const git_oid *next = current + 1;
+
+		if (!git_oid_ncmp(short_oid, next, len)) {
+			found = 2;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!found)
+		return git_odb__error_notfound("failed to find offset for multi-pack index entry", short_oid, len);
+	if (found > 1)
+		return git_odb__error_ambiguous("found multiple offsets for multi-pack index entry");
+
+	object_offset = idx->object_offsets + pos * 8;
+	offset = ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(object_offset + 4)));
+	if (offset & 0x80000000) {
+		uint32_t object_large_offsets_pos = offset & 0x7fffffff;
+		const unsigned char *object_large_offsets_index = idx->object_large_offsets;
+
+		/* Make sure we're not being sent out of bounds */
+		if (object_large_offsets_pos >= idx->num_object_large_offsets)
+			return git_odb__error_notfound("invalid index into the object large offsets table", short_oid, len);
+
+		object_large_offsets_index += 8 * object_large_offsets_pos;
+
+		offset = (((uint64_t)ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(object_large_offsets_index + 0)))) << 32) |
+				ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(object_large_offsets_index + 4)));
+	}
+	pack_index = ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(object_offset + 0)));
+	if (pack_index >= git_vector_length(&idx->packfile_names))
+		return midx_error("invalid index into the packfile names table");
+	e->pack_index = pack_index;
+	e->offset = offset;
+	git_oid_cpy(&e->sha1, current);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_midx_foreach_entry(
+		git_midx_file *idx,
+		git_odb_foreach_cb cb,
+		void *data)
+{
+	size_t i;
+	int error;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(idx);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < idx->num_objects; ++i) {
+		if ((error = cb(&idx->oid_lookup[i], data)) != 0)
+			return git_error_set_after_callback(error);
+	}
+
+	return error;
+}
+
+int git_midx_close(git_midx_file *idx)
+{
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(idx);
+
+	if (idx->index_map.data)
+		git_futils_mmap_free(&idx->index_map);
+
+	git_vector_free(&idx->packfile_names);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void git_midx_free(git_midx_file *idx)
+{
+	if (!idx)
+		return;
+
+	git_buf_dispose(&idx->filename);
+	git_midx_close(idx);
+	git__free(idx);
+}
diff --git a/src/midx.h b/src/midx.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..543ff21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/midx.h
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#ifndef INCLUDE_midx_h__
+#define INCLUDE_midx_h__
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+#include "map.h"
+#include "mwindow.h"
+#include "odb.h"
+
+/*
+ * A multi-pack-index file.
+ *
+ * This file contains a merged index for multiple independent .pack files. This
+ * can help speed up locating objects without requiring a garbage collection
+ * cycle to create a single .pack file.
+ *
+ * Support for this feature was added in git 2.21, and requires the
+ * `core.multiPackIndex` config option to be set.
+ */
+typedef struct git_midx_file {
+	git_map index_map;
+
+	/* The table of Packfile Names. */
+	git_vector packfile_names;
+
+	/* The OID Fanout table. */
+	const uint32_t *oid_fanout;
+	/* The total number of objects in the index. */
+	uint32_t num_objects;
+
+	/* The OID Lookup table. */
+	git_oid *oid_lookup;
+
+	/* The Object Offsets table. Each entry has two 4-byte fields with the pack index and the offset. */
+	const unsigned char *object_offsets;
+
+	/* The Object Large Offsets table. */
+	const unsigned char *object_large_offsets;
+	/* The number of entries in the Object Large Offsets table. Each entry has an 8-byte with an offset */
+	size_t num_object_large_offsets;
+
+	/* The trailer of the file. Contains the SHA1-checksum of the whole file. */
+	git_oid checksum;
+
+	/* something like ".git/objects/pack/multi-pack-index". */
+	git_buf filename;
+} git_midx_file;
+
+/*
+ * An entry in the multi-pack-index file. Similar in purpose to git_pack_entry.
+ */
+typedef struct git_midx_entry {
+	/* The index within idx->packfile_names where the packfile name can be found. */
+	size_t pack_index;
+	/* The offset within the .pack file where the requested object is found. */
+	off64_t offset;
+	/* The SHA-1 hash of the requested object. */
+	git_oid sha1;
+} git_midx_entry;
+
+int git_midx_open(
+		git_midx_file **idx_out,
+		const char *path);
+bool git_midx_needs_refresh(
+		const git_midx_file *idx,
+		const char *path);
+int git_midx_entry_find(
+		git_midx_entry *e,
+		git_midx_file *idx,
+		const git_oid *short_oid,
+		size_t len);
+int git_midx_foreach_entry(
+		git_midx_file *idx,
+		git_odb_foreach_cb cb,
+		void *data);
+int git_midx_close(git_midx_file *idx);
+void git_midx_free(git_midx_file *idx);
+
+/* This is exposed for use in the fuzzers. */
+int git_midx_parse(
+		git_midx_file *idx,
+		const unsigned char *data,
+		size_t size);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/mwindow.c b/src/mwindow.c
index 262786a..da2dae2 100644
--- a/src/mwindow.c
+++ b/src/mwindow.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #include "vector.h"
 #include "futils.h"
 #include "map.h"
-#include "global.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
 #include "strmap.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 
@@ -20,31 +20,45 @@
 		: 32 * 1024 * 1024)
 
 #define DEFAULT_MAPPED_LIMIT \
-	((1024 * 1024) * (sizeof(void*) >= 8 ? 8192ULL : 256UL))
+	((1024 * 1024) * (sizeof(void*) >= 8 ? UINT64_C(8192) : UINT64_C(256)))
+
+/* default is unlimited */
+#define DEFAULT_FILE_LIMIT 0
 
 size_t git_mwindow__window_size = DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE;
 size_t git_mwindow__mapped_limit = DEFAULT_MAPPED_LIMIT;
+size_t git_mwindow__file_limit = DEFAULT_FILE_LIMIT;
+
+/* Mutex to control access to `git_mwindow__mem_ctl` and `git__pack_cache`. */
+git_mutex git__mwindow_mutex;
 
-/* Whenever you want to read or modify this, grab git__mwindow_mutex */
-static git_mwindow_ctl mem_ctl;
+/* Whenever you want to read or modify this, grab `git__mwindow_mutex` */
+git_mwindow_ctl git_mwindow__mem_ctl;
 
 /* Global list of mwindow files, to open packs once across repos */
 git_strmap *git__pack_cache = NULL;
 
-static void git_mwindow_files_free(void)
+static void git_mwindow_global_shutdown(void)
 {
 	git_strmap *tmp = git__pack_cache;
 
+	git_mutex_free(&git__mwindow_mutex);
+
 	git__pack_cache = NULL;
 	git_strmap_free(tmp);
 }
 
 int git_mwindow_global_init(void)
 {
-	assert(!git__pack_cache);
+	int error;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT(!git__pack_cache);
 
-	git__on_shutdown(git_mwindow_files_free);
-	return git_strmap_new(&git__pack_cache);
+	if ((error = git_mutex_init(&git__mwindow_mutex)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_strmap_new(&git__pack_cache)) < 0)
+	    return error;
+
+	return git_runtime_shutdown_register(git_mwindow_global_shutdown);
 }
 
 int git_mwindow_get_pack(struct git_pack_file **out, const char *path)
@@ -65,7 +79,7 @@ int git_mwindow_get_pack(struct git_pack_file **out, const char *path)
 	git__free(packname);
 
 	if (pack != NULL) {
-		git_atomic_inc(&pack->refcount);
+		git_atomic32_inc(&pack->refcount);
 		git_mutex_unlock(&git__mwindow_mutex);
 		*out = pack;
 		return 0;
@@ -77,62 +91,51 @@ int git_mwindow_get_pack(struct git_pack_file **out, const char *path)
 		return error;
 	}
 
-	git_atomic_inc(&pack->refcount);
+	git_atomic32_inc(&pack->refcount);
 
 	error = git_strmap_set(git__pack_cache, pack->pack_name, pack);
 	git_mutex_unlock(&git__mwindow_mutex);
-
 	if (error < 0) {
-		git_packfile_free(pack);
-		return -1;
+		git_packfile_free(pack, false);
+		return error;
 	}
 
 	*out = pack;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void git_mwindow_put_pack(struct git_pack_file *pack)
+int git_mwindow_put_pack(struct git_pack_file *pack)
 {
-	int count;
+	int count, error;
+	struct git_pack_file *pack_to_delete = NULL;
 
-	if (git_mutex_lock(&git__mwindow_mutex) < 0)
-		return;
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&git__mwindow_mutex)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	/* put before get would be a corrupted state */
-	assert(git__pack_cache);
+	GIT_ASSERT(git__pack_cache);
 
 	/* if we cannot find it, the state is corrupted */
-	assert(git_strmap_exists(git__pack_cache, pack->pack_name));
+	GIT_ASSERT(git_strmap_exists(git__pack_cache, pack->pack_name));
 
-	count = git_atomic_dec(&pack->refcount);
+	count = git_atomic32_dec(&pack->refcount);
 	if (count == 0) {
 		git_strmap_delete(git__pack_cache, pack->pack_name);
-		git_packfile_free(pack);
+		pack_to_delete = pack;
 	}
-
 	git_mutex_unlock(&git__mwindow_mutex);
-	return;
-}
-
-void git_mwindow_free_all(git_mwindow_file *mwf)
-{
-	if (git_mutex_lock(&git__mwindow_mutex)) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_THREAD, "unable to lock mwindow mutex");
-		return;
-	}
-
-	git_mwindow_free_all_locked(mwf);
+	git_packfile_free(pack_to_delete, false);
 
-	git_mutex_unlock(&git__mwindow_mutex);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * Free all the windows in a sequence, typically because we're done
- * with the file
+ * with the file. Needs to hold the git__mwindow_mutex.
  */
-void git_mwindow_free_all_locked(git_mwindow_file *mwf)
+static int git_mwindow_free_all_locked(git_mwindow_file *mwf)
 {
-	git_mwindow_ctl *ctl = &mem_ctl;
+	git_mwindow_ctl *ctl = &git_mwindow__mem_ctl;
 	size_t i;
 
 	/*
@@ -152,7 +155,7 @@ void git_mwindow_free_all_locked(git_mwindow_file *mwf)
 
 	while (mwf->windows) {
 		git_mwindow *w = mwf->windows;
-		assert(w->inuse_cnt == 0);
+		GIT_ASSERT(w->inuse_cnt == 0);
 
 		ctl->mapped -= w->window_map.len;
 		ctl->open_windows--;
@@ -162,6 +165,24 @@ void git_mwindow_free_all_locked(git_mwindow_file *mwf)
 		mwf->windows = w->next;
 		git__free(w);
 	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_mwindow_free_all(git_mwindow_file *mwf)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	if (git_mutex_lock(&git__mwindow_mutex)) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_THREAD, "unable to lock mwindow mutex");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	error = git_mwindow_free_all_locked(mwf);
+
+	git_mutex_unlock(&git__mwindow_mutex);
+
+	return error;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -174,92 +195,154 @@ int git_mwindow_contains(git_mwindow *win, off64_t offset)
 		&& offset <= (off64_t)(win_off + win->window_map.len);
 }
 
+#define GIT_MWINDOW__LRU -1
+#define GIT_MWINDOW__MRU 1
+
 /*
- * Find the least-recently-used window in a file
+ * Find the least- or most-recently-used window in a file that is not currently
+ * being used. The 'only_unused' flag controls whether the caller requires the
+ * file to only have unused windows. If '*out_window' is non-null, it is used as
+ * a starting point for the comparison.
+ *
+ * Returns whether such a window was found in the file.
  */
-static void git_mwindow_scan_lru(
-	git_mwindow_file *mwf,
-	git_mwindow **lru_w,
-	git_mwindow **lru_l)
+static bool git_mwindow_scan_recently_used(
+		git_mwindow_file *mwf,
+		git_mwindow **out_window,
+		git_mwindow **out_last,
+		bool only_unused,
+		int comparison_sign)
 {
-	git_mwindow *w, *w_l;
-
-	for (w_l = NULL, w = mwf->windows; w; w = w->next) {
-		if (!w->inuse_cnt) {
-			/*
-			 * If the current one is more recent than the last one,
-			 * store it in the output parameter. If lru_w is NULL,
-			 * it's the first loop, so store it as well.
-			 */
-			if (!*lru_w || w->last_used < (*lru_w)->last_used) {
-				*lru_w = w;
-				*lru_l = w_l;
-			}
+	git_mwindow *w, *w_last;
+	git_mwindow *lru_window = NULL, *lru_last = NULL;
+	bool found = false;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(mwf);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out_window);
+
+	lru_window = *out_window;
+	if (out_last)
+		lru_last = *out_last;
+
+	for (w_last = NULL, w = mwf->windows; w; w_last = w, w = w->next) {
+		if (w->inuse_cnt) {
+			if (only_unused)
+				return false;
+			/* This window is currently being used. Skip it. */
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * If the current one is more (or less) recent than the last one,
+		 * store it in the output parameter. If lru_window is NULL,
+		 * it's the first loop, so store it as well.
+		 */
+		if (!lru_window ||
+				(comparison_sign == GIT_MWINDOW__LRU && lru_window->last_used > w->last_used) ||
+				(comparison_sign == GIT_MWINDOW__MRU && lru_window->last_used < w->last_used)) {
+			lru_window = w;
+			lru_last = w_last;
+			found = true;
 		}
-		w_l = w;
 	}
+
+	if (!found)
+		return false;
+
+	*out_window = lru_window;
+	if (out_last)
+		*out_last = lru_last;
+	return true;
 }
 
 /*
- * Close the least recently used window. You should check to see if
- * the file descriptors need closing from time to time. Called under
- * lock from new_window.
+ * Close the least recently used window (that is currently not being used) out
+ * of all the files. Called under lock from new_window_locked.
  */
-static int git_mwindow_close_lru(git_mwindow_file *mwf)
+static int git_mwindow_close_lru_window_locked(void)
 {
-	git_mwindow_ctl *ctl = &mem_ctl;
+	git_mwindow_ctl *ctl = &git_mwindow__mem_ctl;
+	git_mwindow_file *cur;
 	size_t i;
-	git_mwindow *lru_w = NULL, *lru_l = NULL, **list = &mwf->windows;
+	git_mwindow *lru_window = NULL, *lru_last = NULL, **list = NULL;
 
-	/* FIXME: Does this give us any advantage? */
-	if(mwf->windows)
-		git_mwindow_scan_lru(mwf, &lru_w, &lru_l);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < ctl->windowfiles.length; ++i) {
-		git_mwindow *last = lru_w;
-		git_mwindow_file *cur = git_vector_get(&ctl->windowfiles, i);
-		git_mwindow_scan_lru(cur, &lru_w, &lru_l);
-		if (lru_w != last)
+	git_vector_foreach(&ctl->windowfiles, i, cur) {
+		if (git_mwindow_scan_recently_used(
+				cur, &lru_window, &lru_last, false, GIT_MWINDOW__LRU)) {
 			list = &cur->windows;
+		}
 	}
 
-	if (!lru_w) {
+	if (!lru_window) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to close memory window; couldn't find LRU");
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	ctl->mapped -= lru_w->window_map.len;
-	git_futils_mmap_free(&lru_w->window_map);
+	ctl->mapped -= lru_window->window_map.len;
+	git_futils_mmap_free(&lru_window->window_map);
 
-	if (lru_l)
-		lru_l->next = lru_w->next;
+	if (lru_last)
+		lru_last->next = lru_window->next;
 	else
-		*list = lru_w->next;
+		*list = lru_window->next;
 
-	git__free(lru_w);
+	git__free(lru_window);
 	ctl->open_windows--;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Finds the file that does not have any open windows AND whose
+ * most-recently-used window is the least-recently used one across all
+ * currently open files.
+ *
+ * Called under lock from new_window_locked.
+ */
+static int git_mwindow_find_lru_file_locked(git_mwindow_file **out)
+{
+	git_mwindow_ctl *ctl = &git_mwindow__mem_ctl;
+	git_mwindow_file *lru_file = NULL, *current_file = NULL;
+	git_mwindow *lru_window = NULL;
+	size_t i;
+
+	git_vector_foreach(&ctl->windowfiles, i, current_file) {
+		git_mwindow *mru_window = NULL;
+		if (!git_mwindow_scan_recently_used(
+				current_file, &mru_window, NULL, true, GIT_MWINDOW__MRU)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!lru_window || lru_window->last_used > mru_window->last_used) {
+			lru_window = mru_window;
+			lru_file = current_file;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!lru_file) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to close memory window file; couldn't find LRU");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	*out = lru_file;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /* This gets called under lock from git_mwindow_open */
-static git_mwindow *new_window(
-	git_mwindow_file *mwf,
+static git_mwindow *new_window_locked(
 	git_file fd,
 	off64_t size,
 	off64_t offset)
 {
-	git_mwindow_ctl *ctl = &mem_ctl;
+	git_mwindow_ctl *ctl = &git_mwindow__mem_ctl;
 	size_t walign = git_mwindow__window_size / 2;
 	off64_t len;
 	git_mwindow *w;
 
-	w = git__malloc(sizeof(*w));
+	w = git__calloc(1, sizeof(*w));
 
 	if (w == NULL)
 		return NULL;
 
-	memset(w, 0x0, sizeof(*w));
 	w->offset = (offset / walign) * walign;
 
 	len = size - w->offset;
@@ -269,7 +352,7 @@ static git_mwindow *new_window(
 	ctl->mapped += (size_t)len;
 
 	while (git_mwindow__mapped_limit < ctl->mapped &&
-			git_mwindow_close_lru(mwf) == 0) /* nop */;
+			git_mwindow_close_lru_window_locked() == 0) /* nop */;
 
 	/*
 	 * We treat `mapped_limit` as a soft limit. If we can't find a
@@ -283,7 +366,7 @@ static git_mwindow *new_window(
 		 * we're below our soft limits, so free up what we can and try again.
 		 */
 
-		while (git_mwindow_close_lru(mwf) == 0)
+		while (git_mwindow_close_lru_window_locked() == 0)
 			/* nop */;
 
 		if (git_futils_mmap_ro(&w->window_map, fd, w->offset, (size_t)len) < 0) {
@@ -315,7 +398,7 @@ unsigned char *git_mwindow_open(
 	size_t extra,
 	unsigned int *left)
 {
-	git_mwindow_ctl *ctl = &mem_ctl;
+	git_mwindow_ctl *ctl = &git_mwindow__mem_ctl;
 	git_mwindow *w = *cursor;
 
 	if (git_mutex_lock(&git__mwindow_mutex)) {
@@ -339,7 +422,7 @@ unsigned char *git_mwindow_open(
 		 * one.
 		 */
 		if (!w) {
-			w = new_window(mwf, mwf->fd, mwf->size, offset);
+			w = new_window_locked(mwf->fd, mwf->size, offset);
 			if (w == NULL) {
 				git_mutex_unlock(&git__mwindow_mutex);
 				return NULL;
@@ -367,8 +450,11 @@ unsigned char *git_mwindow_open(
 
 int git_mwindow_file_register(git_mwindow_file *mwf)
 {
-	git_mwindow_ctl *ctl = &mem_ctl;
-	int ret;
+	git_vector closed_files = GIT_VECTOR_INIT;
+	git_mwindow_ctl *ctl = &git_mwindow__mem_ctl;
+	int error;
+	size_t i;
+	git_mwindow_file *closed_file = NULL;
 
 	if (git_mutex_lock(&git__mwindow_mutex)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_THREAD, "unable to lock mwindow mutex");
@@ -376,20 +462,53 @@ int git_mwindow_file_register(git_mwindow_file *mwf)
 	}
 
 	if (ctl->windowfiles.length == 0 &&
-	    git_vector_init(&ctl->windowfiles, 8, NULL) < 0) {
+	    (error = git_vector_init(&ctl->windowfiles, 8, NULL)) < 0) {
 		git_mutex_unlock(&git__mwindow_mutex);
-		return -1;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	if (git_mwindow__file_limit) {
+		git_mwindow_file *lru_file;
+		while (git_mwindow__file_limit <= ctl->windowfiles.length &&
+				git_mwindow_find_lru_file_locked(&lru_file) == 0) {
+			if ((error = git_vector_insert(&closed_files, lru_file)) < 0) {
+				/*
+				 * Exceeding the file limit seems preferrable to being open to
+				 * data races that can end up corrupting the heap.
+				 */
+				break;
+			}
+			git_mwindow_free_all_locked(lru_file);
+		}
 	}
 
-	ret = git_vector_insert(&ctl->windowfiles, mwf);
+	error = git_vector_insert(&ctl->windowfiles, mwf);
 	git_mutex_unlock(&git__mwindow_mutex);
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	/*
+	 * Once we have released the global windowfiles lock, we can close each
+	 * individual file. Before doing so, acquire that file's lock to avoid
+	 * closing a file that is currently being used.
+	 */
+	git_vector_foreach(&closed_files, i, closed_file) {
+		error = git_mutex_lock(&closed_file->lock);
+		if (error < 0)
+			continue;
+		p_close(closed_file->fd);
+		closed_file->fd = -1;
+		git_mutex_unlock(&closed_file->lock);
+	}
 
-	return ret;
+cleanup:
+	git_vector_free(&closed_files);
+	return error;
 }
 
 void git_mwindow_file_deregister(git_mwindow_file *mwf)
 {
-	git_mwindow_ctl *ctl = &mem_ctl;
+	git_mwindow_ctl *ctl = &git_mwindow__mem_ctl;
 	git_mwindow_file *cur;
 	size_t i;
 
diff --git a/src/mwindow.h b/src/mwindow.h
index 1a391b0..e3a03f0 100644
--- a/src/mwindow.h
+++ b/src/mwindow.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ typedef struct git_mwindow {
 } git_mwindow;
 
 typedef struct git_mwindow_file {
+	git_mutex lock; /* protects updates to fd */
 	git_mwindow *windows;
 	int fd;
 	off64_t size;
@@ -38,8 +39,7 @@ typedef struct git_mwindow_ctl {
 } git_mwindow_ctl;
 
 int git_mwindow_contains(git_mwindow *win, off64_t offset);
-void git_mwindow_free_all(git_mwindow_file *mwf); /* locks */
-void git_mwindow_free_all_locked(git_mwindow_file *mwf); /* run under lock */
+int git_mwindow_free_all(git_mwindow_file *mwf); /* locks */
 unsigned char *git_mwindow_open(git_mwindow_file *mwf, git_mwindow **cursor, off64_t offset, size_t extra, unsigned int *left);
 int git_mwindow_file_register(git_mwindow_file *mwf);
 void git_mwindow_file_deregister(git_mwindow_file *mwf);
@@ -49,6 +49,6 @@ extern int git_mwindow_global_init(void);
 
 struct git_pack_file; /* just declaration to avoid cyclical includes */
 int git_mwindow_get_pack(struct git_pack_file **out, const char *path);
-void git_mwindow_put_pack(struct git_pack_file *pack);
+int git_mwindow_put_pack(struct git_pack_file *pack);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/net.c b/src/net.c
index d42fce5..d4a9f8a 100644
--- a/src/net.c
+++ b/src/net.c
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 #include "posix.h"
 #include "buffer.h"
 #include "http_parser.h"
-#include "global.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
 
 #define DEFAULT_PORT_HTTP  "80"
 #define DEFAULT_PORT_HTTPS "443"
@@ -281,7 +281,8 @@ int git_net_url_apply_redirect(
 	git_net_url tmp = GIT_NET_URL_INIT;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(url && redirect_location);
+	GIT_ASSERT(url);
+	GIT_ASSERT(redirect_location);
 
 	if (redirect_location[0] == '/') {
 		git__free(url->path);
@@ -334,9 +335,19 @@ bool git_net_url_valid(git_net_url *url)
 	return (url->host && url->port && url->path);
 }
 
-int git_net_url_is_default_port(git_net_url *url)
+bool git_net_url_is_default_port(git_net_url *url)
 {
-	return (strcmp(url->port, default_port_for_scheme(url->scheme)) == 0);
+	const char *default_port;
+
+	if ((default_port = default_port_for_scheme(url->scheme)) != NULL)
+		return (strcmp(url->port, default_port) == 0);
+	else
+		return false;
+}
+
+bool git_net_url_is_ipv6(git_net_url *url)
+{
+	return (strchr(url->host, ':') != NULL);
 }
 
 void git_net_url_swap(git_net_url *a, git_net_url *b)
diff --git a/src/net.h b/src/net.h
index 7e72db1..391b99a 100644
--- a/src/net.h
+++ b/src/net.h
@@ -33,8 +33,11 @@ extern int git_net_url_joinpath(
 /** Ensures that a URL is minimally valid (contains a host, port and path) */
 extern bool git_net_url_valid(git_net_url *url);
 
-/** Returns nonzero if the URL is on the default port. */
-extern int git_net_url_is_default_port(git_net_url *url);
+/** Returns true if the URL is on the default port. */
+extern bool git_net_url_is_default_port(git_net_url *url);
+
+/** Returns true if the host portion of the URL is an ipv6 address. */
+extern bool git_net_url_is_ipv6(git_net_url *url);
 
 /* Applies a redirect to the URL with a git-aware service suffix. */
 extern int git_net_url_apply_redirect(
diff --git a/src/netops.c b/src/netops.c
index 04ae824..a1ee292 100644
--- a/src/netops.c
+++ b/src/netops.c
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 #include "posix.h"
 #include "buffer.h"
 #include "http_parser.h"
-#include "global.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
 
 int gitno_recv(gitno_buffer *buf)
 {
@@ -61,18 +61,20 @@ void gitno_buffer_setup_fromstream(git_stream *st, gitno_buffer *buf, char *data
 }
 
 /* Consume up to ptr and move the rest of the buffer to the beginning */
-void gitno_consume(gitno_buffer *buf, const char *ptr)
+int gitno_consume(gitno_buffer *buf, const char *ptr)
 {
 	size_t consumed;
 
-	assert(ptr - buf->data >= 0);
-	assert(ptr - buf->data <= (int) buf->len);
+	GIT_ASSERT(ptr - buf->data >= 0);
+	GIT_ASSERT(ptr - buf->data <= (int) buf->len);
 
 	consumed = ptr - buf->data;
 
 	memmove(buf->data, ptr, buf->offset - consumed);
 	memset(buf->data + buf->offset, 0x0, buf->len - buf->offset);
 	buf->offset -= consumed;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /* Consume const bytes and move the rest of the buffer to the beginning */
diff --git a/src/netops.h b/src/netops.h
index 52f1ccc..7140b39 100644
--- a/src/netops.h
+++ b/src/netops.h
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 #include "net.h"
 
 #ifdef GIT_OPENSSL
-# include <openssl/ssl.h>
+# include "streams/openssl.h"
 #endif
 
 typedef struct gitno_ssl {
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ void gitno_buffer_setup_fromstream(git_stream *st, gitno_buffer *buf, char *data
 void gitno_buffer_setup_callback(gitno_buffer *buf, char *data, size_t len, int (*recv)(gitno_buffer *buf), void *cb_data);
 int gitno_recv(gitno_buffer *buf);
 
-void gitno_consume(gitno_buffer *buf, const char *ptr);
+int gitno_consume(gitno_buffer *buf, const char *ptr);
 void gitno_consume_n(gitno_buffer *buf, size_t cons);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/notes.c b/src/notes.c
index 4633a16..b9e1985 100644
--- a/src/notes.c
+++ b/src/notes.c
@@ -627,11 +627,11 @@ int git_note_default_ref(git_buf *out, git_repository *repo)
 	char *default_ref;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
-
-	if ((error = note_get_default_ref(&default_ref, repo)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = note_get_default_ref(&default_ref, repo)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	git_buf_attach(out, default_ref, strlen(default_ref));
@@ -640,25 +640,25 @@ int git_note_default_ref(git_buf *out, git_repository *repo)
 
 const git_signature *git_note_committer(const git_note *note)
 {
-	assert(note);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(note, NULL);
 	return note->committer;
 }
 
 const git_signature *git_note_author(const git_note *note)
 {
-	assert(note);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(note, NULL);
 	return note->author;
 }
 
-const char * git_note_message(const git_note *note)
+const char *git_note_message(const git_note *note)
 {
-	assert(note);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(note, NULL);
 	return note->message;
 }
 
-const git_oid * git_note_id(const git_note *note)
+const git_oid *git_note_id(const git_note *note)
 {
-	assert(note);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(note, NULL);
 	return &note->id;
 }
 
@@ -808,8 +808,11 @@ int git_note_next(
 
 	git_oid_cpy(note_id, &item->id);
 
-	if (!(error = process_entry_path(item->path, annotated_id)))
-		git_iterator_advance(NULL, it);
+	if ((error = process_entry_path(item->path, annotated_id)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
-	return error;
+	if ((error = git_iterator_advance(NULL, it)) < 0 && error != GIT_ITEROVER)
+		return error;
+
+	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/object.c b/src/object.c
index 1b47ab1..42e1e46 100644
--- a/src/object.c
+++ b/src/object.c
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ int git_object__from_raw(
 	size_t object_size;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(object_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(object_out);
 	*object_out = NULL;
 
 	/* Validate type match */
@@ -86,11 +86,12 @@ int git_object__from_raw(
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(object);
 	object->cached.flags = GIT_CACHE_STORE_PARSED;
 	object->cached.type = type;
-	git_odb_hash(&object->cached.oid, data, size, type);
+	if ((error = git_odb_hash(&object->cached.oid, data, size, type)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	/* Parse raw object data */
 	def = &git_objects_table[type];
-	assert(def->free && def->parse_raw);
+	GIT_ASSERT(def->free && def->parse_raw);
 
 	if ((error = def->parse_raw(object, data, size)) < 0) {
 		def->free(object);
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ int git_object__from_odb_object(
 	git_object_def *def;
 	git_object *object = NULL;
 
-	assert(object_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(object_out);
 	*object_out = NULL;
 
 	/* Validate type match */
@@ -140,7 +141,7 @@ int git_object__from_odb_object(
 
 	/* Parse raw object data */
 	def = &git_objects_table[odb_obj->cached.type];
-	assert(def->free && def->parse);
+	GIT_ASSERT(def->free && def->parse);
 
 	if ((error = def->parse(object, odb_obj)) < 0)
 		def->free(object);
@@ -173,7 +174,9 @@ int git_object_lookup_prefix(
 	git_odb_object *odb_obj = NULL;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(repo && object_out && id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(object_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
 
 	if (len < GIT_OID_MINPREFIXLEN) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OBJECT, "ambiguous lookup - OID prefix is too short");
@@ -210,7 +213,7 @@ int git_object_lookup_prefix(
 			} else if (cached->flags == GIT_CACHE_STORE_RAW) {
 				odb_obj = (git_odb_object *)cached;
 			} else {
-				assert(!"Wrong caching type in the global object cache");
+				GIT_ASSERT(!"Wrong caching type in the global object cache");
 			}
 		} else {
 			/* Object was not found in the cache, let's explore the backends.
@@ -262,19 +265,19 @@ void git_object_free(git_object *object)
 
 const git_oid *git_object_id(const git_object *obj)
 {
-	assert(obj);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(obj, NULL);
 	return &obj->cached.oid;
 }
 
 git_object_t git_object_type(const git_object *obj)
 {
-	assert(obj);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(obj, GIT_OBJECT_INVALID);
 	return obj->cached.type;
 }
 
 git_repository *git_object_owner(const git_object *obj)
 {
-	assert(obj);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(obj, NULL);
 	return obj->repo;
 }
 
@@ -395,9 +398,10 @@ int git_object_peel(
 	git_object *source, *deref = NULL;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(object && peeled);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(object);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(peeled);
 
-	assert(target_type == GIT_OBJECT_TAG ||
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(target_type == GIT_OBJECT_TAG ||
 		target_type == GIT_OBJECT_COMMIT ||
 		target_type == GIT_OBJECT_TREE ||
 		target_type == GIT_OBJECT_BLOB ||
@@ -460,7 +464,9 @@ int git_object_lookup_bypath(
 	git_tree *tree = NULL;
 	git_tree_entry *entry = NULL;
 
-	assert(out && treeish && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(treeish);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	if ((error = git_object_peel((git_object**)&tree, treeish, GIT_OBJECT_TREE)) < 0 ||
 		 (error = git_tree_entry_bypath(&entry, tree, path)) < 0)
@@ -492,9 +498,12 @@ int git_object_short_id(git_buf *out, const git_object *obj)
 	git_oid id = {{0}};
 	git_odb *odb;
 
-	assert(out && obj);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(obj);
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
 	repo = git_object_owner(obj);
 
 	if ((error = git_repository__configmap_lookup(&len, repo, GIT_CONFIGMAP_ABBREV)) < 0)
diff --git a/src/odb.c b/src/odb.c
index 68d9a9a..e3a5381 100644
--- a/src/odb.c
+++ b/src/odb.c
@@ -23,14 +23,14 @@
 
 #define GIT_ALTERNATES_FILE "info/alternates"
 
+#define GIT_ALTERNATES_MAX_DEPTH 5
+
 /*
  * We work under the assumption that most objects for long-running
  * operations will be packed
  */
-#define GIT_LOOSE_PRIORITY 1
-#define GIT_PACKED_PRIORITY 2
-
-#define GIT_ALTERNATES_MAX_DEPTH 5
+int git_odb__loose_priority = GIT_ODB_DEFAULT_LOOSE_PRIORITY;
+int git_odb__packed_priority = GIT_ODB_DEFAULT_PACKED_PRIORITY;
 
 bool git_odb__strict_hash_verification = true;
 
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ typedef struct
 
 static git_cache *odb_cache(git_odb *odb)
 {
-	if (odb->rc.owner != NULL) {
-		git_repository *owner = odb->rc.owner;
+	git_repository *owner = GIT_REFCOUNT_OWNER(odb);
+	if (owner != NULL) {
 		return &owner->objects;
 	}
 
@@ -114,7 +114,8 @@ int git_odb__hashobj(git_oid *id, git_rawobj *obj)
 	size_t hdrlen;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(id && obj);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(obj);
 
 	if (!git_object_typeisloose(obj->type)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "invalid object type");
@@ -259,9 +260,7 @@ int git_odb__hashfd_filtered(
 	if (!(error = git_futils_readbuffer_fd(&raw, fd, size))) {
 		git_buf post = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-		error = git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&post, fl, &raw);
-
-		git_buf_dispose(&raw);
+		error = git_filter_list__convert_buf(&post, fl, &raw);
 
 		if (!error)
 			error = git_odb_hash(out, post.ptr, post.size, type);
@@ -298,14 +297,15 @@ int git_odb__hashlink(git_oid *out, const char *path)
 		GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(link_data);
 
 		read_len = p_readlink(path, link_data, size);
-		link_data[size] = '\0';
-		if (read_len != size) {
+		if (read_len == -1) {
 			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to read symlink data for '%s'", path);
 			git__free(link_data);
 			return -1;
 		}
+		GIT_ASSERT(read_len <= size);
+		link_data[read_len] = '\0';
 
-		result = git_odb_hash(out, link_data, size, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB);
+		result = git_odb_hash(out, link_data, read_len, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB);
 		git__free(link_data);
 	} else {
 		int fd = git_futils_open_ro(path);
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ int git_odb_hash(git_oid *id, const void *data, size_t len, git_object_t type)
 {
 	git_rawobj raw;
 
-	assert(id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
 
 	raw.data = (void *)data;
 	raw.len = len;
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ static int fake_wstream__write(git_odb_stream *_stream, const char *data, size_t
 {
 	fake_wstream *stream = (fake_wstream *)_stream;
 
-	assert(stream->written + len <= stream->size);
+	GIT_ASSERT(stream->written + len <= stream->size);
 
 	memcpy(stream->buffer + stream->written, data, len);
 	stream->written += len;
@@ -449,12 +449,18 @@ int git_odb_new(git_odb **out)
 	git_odb *db = git__calloc(1, sizeof(*db));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(db);
 
+	if (git_mutex_init(&db->lock) < 0) {
+		git__free(db);
+		return -1;
+	}
 	if (git_cache_init(&db->own_cache) < 0) {
+		git_mutex_free(&db->lock);
 		git__free(db);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	if (git_vector_init(&db->backends, 4, backend_sort_cmp) < 0) {
 		git_cache_dispose(&db->own_cache);
+		git_mutex_free(&db->lock);
 		git__free(db);
 		return -1;
 	}
@@ -470,12 +476,13 @@ static int add_backend_internal(
 {
 	backend_internal *internal;
 
-	assert(odb && backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(odb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(backend, GIT_ODB_BACKEND_VERSION, "git_odb_backend");
 
 	/* Check if the backend is already owned by another ODB */
-	assert(!backend->odb || backend->odb == odb);
+	GIT_ASSERT(!backend->odb || backend->odb == odb);
 
 	internal = git__malloc(sizeof(backend_internal));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(internal);
@@ -485,13 +492,18 @@ static int add_backend_internal(
 	internal->is_alternate = is_alternate;
 	internal->disk_inode = disk_inode;
 
+	if (git_mutex_lock(&odb->lock) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		return -1;
+	}
 	if (git_vector_insert(&odb->backends, internal) < 0) {
+		git_mutex_unlock(&odb->lock);
 		git__free(internal);
 		return -1;
 	}
-
 	git_vector_sort(&odb->backends);
 	internal->backend->odb = odb;
+	git_mutex_unlock(&odb->lock);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -507,8 +519,19 @@ int git_odb_add_alternate(git_odb *odb, git_odb_backend *backend, int priority)
 
 size_t git_odb_num_backends(git_odb *odb)
 {
-	assert(odb);
-	return odb->backends.length;
+	size_t length;
+	bool locked = true;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(odb);
+
+	if (git_mutex_lock(&odb->lock) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		locked = false;
+	}
+	length = odb->backends.length;
+	if (locked)
+		git_mutex_unlock(&odb->lock);
+	return length;
 }
 
 static int git_odb__error_unsupported_in_backend(const char *action)
@@ -522,24 +545,35 @@ static int git_odb__error_unsupported_in_backend(const char *action)
 int git_odb_get_backend(git_odb_backend **out, git_odb *odb, size_t pos)
 {
 	backend_internal *internal;
+	int error;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(odb);
+
 
-	assert(out && odb);
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&odb->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		return error;
+	}
 	internal = git_vector_get(&odb->backends, pos);
 
-	if (internal && internal->backend) {
-		*out = internal->backend;
-		return 0;
+	if (!internal || !internal->backend) {
+		git_mutex_unlock(&odb->lock);
+
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "no ODB backend loaded at index %" PRIuZ, pos);
+		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
 	}
+	*out = internal->backend;
+	git_mutex_unlock(&odb->lock);
 
-	git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "no ODB backend loaded at index %" PRIuZ, pos);
-	return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int git_odb__add_default_backends(
 	git_odb *db, const char *objects_dir,
 	bool as_alternates, int alternate_depth)
 {
-	size_t i;
+	size_t i = 0;
 	struct stat st;
 	ino_t inode;
 	git_odb_backend *loose, *packed;
@@ -548,7 +582,7 @@ int git_odb__add_default_backends(
 	 * a cross-platform workaround for this */
 #ifdef GIT_WIN32
 	GIT_UNUSED(i);
-	GIT_UNUSED(st);
+	GIT_UNUSED(&st);
 
 	inode = 0;
 #else
@@ -563,22 +597,39 @@ int git_odb__add_default_backends(
 
 	inode = st.st_ino;
 
+	if (git_mutex_lock(&db->lock) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		return -1;
+	}
 	for (i = 0; i < db->backends.length; ++i) {
 		backend_internal *backend = git_vector_get(&db->backends, i);
-		if (backend->disk_inode == inode)
+		if (backend->disk_inode == inode) {
+			git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 			return 0;
+		}
 	}
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 #endif
 
 	/* add the loose object backend */
 	if (git_odb_backend_loose(&loose, objects_dir, -1, db->do_fsync, 0, 0) < 0 ||
-		add_backend_internal(db, loose, GIT_LOOSE_PRIORITY, as_alternates, inode) < 0)
+		add_backend_internal(db, loose, git_odb__loose_priority, as_alternates, inode) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	/* add the packed file backend */
 	if (git_odb_backend_pack(&packed, objects_dir) < 0 ||
-		add_backend_internal(db, packed, GIT_PACKED_PRIORITY, as_alternates, inode) < 0)
+		add_backend_internal(db, packed, git_odb__packed_priority, as_alternates, inode) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (git_mutex_lock(&db->lock) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
 		return -1;
+	}
+	if (!db->cgraph && git_commit_graph_new(&db->cgraph, objects_dir, false) < 0) {
+		git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 
 	return load_alternates(db, objects_dir, alternate_depth);
 }
@@ -641,11 +692,29 @@ int git_odb_add_disk_alternate(git_odb *odb, const char *path)
 	return git_odb__add_default_backends(odb, path, true, 0);
 }
 
+int git_odb_set_commit_graph(git_odb *odb, git_commit_graph *cgraph)
+{
+	int error = 0;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(odb);
+
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&odb->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the db lock");
+		return error;
+	}
+	git_commit_graph_free(odb->cgraph);
+	odb->cgraph = cgraph;
+	git_mutex_unlock(&odb->lock);
+
+	return error;
+}
+
 int git_odb_open(git_odb **out, const char *objects_dir)
 {
 	git_odb *db;
 
-	assert(out && objects_dir);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(objects_dir);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -664,7 +733,7 @@ int git_odb_open(git_odb **out, const char *objects_dir)
 int git_odb__set_caps(git_odb *odb, int caps)
 {
 	if (caps == GIT_ODB_CAP_FROM_OWNER) {
-		git_repository *repo = odb->rc.owner;
+		git_repository *repo = GIT_REFCOUNT_OWNER(odb);
 		int val;
 
 		if (!repo) {
@@ -682,7 +751,12 @@ int git_odb__set_caps(git_odb *odb, int caps)
 static void odb_free(git_odb *db)
 {
 	size_t i;
+	bool locked = true;
 
+	if (git_mutex_lock(&db->lock) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		locked = false;
+	}
 	for (i = 0; i < db->backends.length; ++i) {
 		backend_internal *internal = git_vector_get(&db->backends, i);
 		git_odb_backend *backend = internal->backend;
@@ -691,9 +765,13 @@ static void odb_free(git_odb *db)
 
 		git__free(internal);
 	}
+	if (locked)
+		git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 
+	git_commit_graph_free(db->cgraph);
 	git_vector_free(&db->backends);
 	git_cache_dispose(&db->own_cache);
+	git_mutex_free(&db->lock);
 
 	git__memzero(db, sizeof(*db));
 	git__free(db);
@@ -714,7 +792,12 @@ static int odb_exists_1(
 {
 	size_t i;
 	bool found = false;
+	int error;
 
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&db->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		return error;
+	}
 	for (i = 0; i < db->backends.length && !found; ++i) {
 		backend_internal *internal = git_vector_get(&db->backends, i);
 		git_odb_backend *b = internal->backend;
@@ -725,10 +808,34 @@ static int odb_exists_1(
 		if (b->exists != NULL)
 			found = (bool)b->exists(b, id);
 	}
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 
 	return (int)found;
 }
 
+int git_odb__get_commit_graph_file(git_commit_graph_file **out, git_odb *db)
+{
+	int error = 0;
+	git_commit_graph_file *result = NULL;
+
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&db->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the db lock");
+		return error;
+	}
+	if (!db->cgraph) {
+		error = GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	error = git_commit_graph_get_file(&result, db->cgraph);
+	if (error)
+		goto done;
+	*out = result;
+
+done:
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
+	return error;
+}
+
 static int odb_freshen_1(
 	git_odb *db,
 	const git_oid *id,
@@ -736,7 +843,12 @@ static int odb_freshen_1(
 {
 	size_t i;
 	bool found = false;
+	int error;
 
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&db->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		return error;
+	}
 	for (i = 0; i < db->backends.length && !found; ++i) {
 		backend_internal *internal = git_vector_get(&db->backends, i);
 		git_odb_backend *b = internal->backend;
@@ -749,13 +861,15 @@ static int odb_freshen_1(
 		else if (b->exists != NULL)
 			found = b->exists(b, id);
 	}
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 
 	return (int)found;
 }
 
 int git_odb__freshen(git_odb *db, const git_oid *id)
 {
-	assert(db && id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
 
 	if (odb_freshen_1(db, id, false))
 		return 1;
@@ -771,7 +885,8 @@ int git_odb_exists(git_odb *db, const git_oid *id)
 {
 	git_odb_object *object;
 
-	assert(db && id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
 
 	if (git_oid_is_zero(id))
 		return 0;
@@ -798,6 +913,11 @@ static int odb_exists_prefix_1(git_oid *out, git_odb *db,
 	int error = GIT_ENOTFOUND, num_found = 0;
 	git_oid last_found = {{0}}, found;
 
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&db->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		return error;
+	}
+	error = GIT_ENOTFOUND;
 	for (i = 0; i < db->backends.length; ++i) {
 		backend_internal *internal = git_vector_get(&db->backends, i);
 		git_odb_backend *b = internal->backend;
@@ -811,18 +931,23 @@ static int odb_exists_prefix_1(git_oid *out, git_odb *db,
 		error = b->exists_prefix(&found, b, key, len);
 		if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND || error == GIT_PASSTHROUGH)
 			continue;
-		if (error)
+		if (error) {
+			git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 			return error;
+		}
 
 		/* make sure found item doesn't introduce ambiguity */
 		if (num_found) {
-			if (git_oid__cmp(&last_found, &found))
+			if (git_oid__cmp(&last_found, &found)) {
+				git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 				return git_odb__error_ambiguous("multiple matches for prefix");
+			}
 		} else {
 			git_oid_cpy(&last_found, &found);
 			num_found++;
 		}
 	}
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 
 	if (!num_found)
 		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
@@ -839,7 +964,8 @@ int git_odb_exists_prefix(
 	int error;
 	git_oid key = {{0}};
 
-	assert(db && short_id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(short_id);
 
 	if (len < GIT_OID_MINPREFIXLEN)
 		return git_odb__error_ambiguous("prefix length too short");
@@ -875,7 +1001,8 @@ int git_odb_expand_ids(
 {
 	size_t i;
 
-	assert(db && ids);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ids);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
 		git_odb_expand_id *query = &ids[i];
@@ -962,6 +1089,10 @@ static int odb_read_header_1(
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&db->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		return error;
+	}
 	for (i = 0; i < db->backends.length; ++i) {
 		backend_internal *internal = git_vector_get(&db->backends, i);
 		git_odb_backend *b = internal->backend;
@@ -983,9 +1114,11 @@ static int odb_read_header_1(
 		case GIT_ENOTFOUND:
 			break;
 		default:
+			git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 			return error;
 		}
 	}
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 
 	return passthrough ? GIT_PASSTHROUGH : GIT_ENOTFOUND;
 }
@@ -997,7 +1130,11 @@ int git_odb__read_header_or_object(
 	int error = GIT_ENOTFOUND;
 	git_odb_object *object;
 
-	assert(db && id && out && len_p && type_p);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(len_p);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(type_p);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -1054,6 +1191,10 @@ static int odb_read_1(git_odb_object **out, git_odb *db, const git_oid *id,
 			return error;
 	}
 
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&db->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		return error;
+	}
 	for (i = 0; i < db->backends.length && !found; ++i) {
 		backend_internal *internal = git_vector_get(&db->backends, i);
 		git_odb_backend *b = internal->backend;
@@ -1066,12 +1207,15 @@ static int odb_read_1(git_odb_object **out, git_odb *db, const git_oid *id,
 			if (error == GIT_PASSTHROUGH || error == GIT_ENOTFOUND)
 				continue;
 
-			if (error < 0)
+			if (error < 0) {
+				git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 				return error;
+			}
 
 			found = true;
 		}
 	}
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 
 	if (!found)
 		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
@@ -1104,7 +1248,9 @@ int git_odb_read(git_odb_object **out, git_odb *db, const git_oid *id)
 {
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && db && id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
 
 	if (git_oid_is_zero(id))
 		return error_null_oid(GIT_ENOTFOUND, "cannot read object");
@@ -1162,6 +1308,10 @@ static int read_prefix_1(git_odb_object **out, git_odb *db,
 	bool found = false;
 	git_odb_object *object;
 
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&db->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		return error;
+	}
 	for (i = 0; i < db->backends.length; ++i) {
 		backend_internal *internal = git_vector_get(&db->backends, i);
 		git_odb_backend *b = internal->backend;
@@ -1178,8 +1328,10 @@ static int read_prefix_1(git_odb_object **out, git_odb *db,
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			if (error)
+			if (error) {
+				git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 				goto out;
+			}
 
 			git__free(data);
 			data = raw.data;
@@ -1194,6 +1346,7 @@ static int read_prefix_1(git_odb_object **out, git_odb *db,
 
 				error = git_odb__error_ambiguous(buf.ptr);
 				git_buf_dispose(&buf);
+				git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 				goto out;
 			}
 
@@ -1201,6 +1354,7 @@ static int read_prefix_1(git_odb_object **out, git_odb *db,
 			found = true;
 		}
 	}
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 
 	if (!found)
 		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
@@ -1237,7 +1391,8 @@ int git_odb_read_prefix(
 	git_oid key = {{0}};
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
 
 	if (len < GIT_OID_MINPREFIXLEN)
 		return git_odb__error_ambiguous("prefix length too short");
@@ -1267,28 +1422,46 @@ int git_odb_read_prefix(
 int git_odb_foreach(git_odb *db, git_odb_foreach_cb cb, void *payload)
 {
 	unsigned int i;
+	git_vector backends = GIT_VECTOR_INIT;
 	backend_internal *internal;
+	int error = 0;
 
-	git_vector_foreach(&db->backends, i, internal) {
+	/* Make a copy of the backends vector to invoke the callback without holding the lock. */
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&db->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+	error = git_vector_dup(&backends, &db->backends, NULL);
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
+
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	git_vector_foreach(&backends, i, internal) {
 		git_odb_backend *b = internal->backend;
-		int error = b->foreach(b, cb, payload);
+		error = b->foreach(b, cb, payload);
 		if (error != 0)
-			return error;
+			goto cleanup;
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+cleanup:
+	git_vector_free(&backends);
+
+	return error;
 }
 
 int git_odb_write(
 	git_oid *oid, git_odb *db, const void *data, size_t len, git_object_t type)
 {
 	size_t i;
-	int error = GIT_ERROR;
+	int error;
 	git_odb_stream *stream;
 
-	assert(oid && db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
 
-	git_odb_hash(oid, data, len, type);
+	if ((error = git_odb_hash(oid, data, len, type)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	if (git_oid_is_zero(oid))
 		return error_null_oid(GIT_EINVALID, "cannot write object");
@@ -1296,7 +1469,11 @@ int git_odb_write(
 	if (git_odb__freshen(db, oid))
 		return 0;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < db->backends.length && error < 0; ++i) {
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&db->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		return error;
+	}
+	for (i = 0, error = GIT_ERROR; i < db->backends.length && error < 0; ++i) {
 		backend_internal *internal = git_vector_get(&db->backends, i);
 		git_odb_backend *b = internal->backend;
 
@@ -1307,6 +1484,7 @@ int git_odb_write(
 		if (b->write != NULL)
 			error = b->write(b, oid, data, len, type);
 	}
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 
 	if (!error || error == GIT_PASSTHROUGH)
 		return 0;
@@ -1345,8 +1523,14 @@ int git_odb_open_wstream(
 	int error = GIT_ERROR;
 	git_hash_ctx *ctx = NULL;
 
-	assert(stream && db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
 
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&db->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		return error;
+	}
+	error = GIT_ERROR;
 	for (i = 0; i < db->backends.length && error < 0; ++i) {
 		backend_internal *internal = git_vector_get(&db->backends, i);
 		git_odb_backend *b = internal->backend;
@@ -1363,6 +1547,7 @@ int git_odb_open_wstream(
 			error = init_fake_wstream(stream, b, size, type);
 		}
 	}
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 
 	if (error < 0) {
 		if (error == GIT_PASSTHROUGH)
@@ -1455,8 +1640,14 @@ int git_odb_open_rstream(
 	size_t i, reads = 0;
 	int error = GIT_ERROR;
 
-	assert(stream && db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
 
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&db->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		return error;
+	}
+	error = GIT_ERROR;
 	for (i = 0; i < db->backends.length && error < 0; ++i) {
 		backend_internal *internal = git_vector_get(&db->backends, i);
 		git_odb_backend *b = internal->backend;
@@ -1466,6 +1657,7 @@ int git_odb_open_rstream(
 			error = b->readstream(stream, len, type, b, oid);
 		}
 	}
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 
 	if (error == GIT_PASSTHROUGH)
 		error = 0;
@@ -1480,8 +1672,14 @@ int git_odb_write_pack(struct git_odb_writepack **out, git_odb *db, git_indexer_
 	size_t i, writes = 0;
 	int error = GIT_ERROR;
 
-	assert(out && db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
 
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&db->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		return error;
+	}
+	error = GIT_ERROR;
 	for (i = 0; i < db->backends.length && error < 0; ++i) {
 		backend_internal *internal = git_vector_get(&db->backends, i);
 		git_odb_backend *b = internal->backend;
@@ -1495,6 +1693,7 @@ int git_odb_write_pack(struct git_odb_writepack **out, git_odb *db, git_indexer_
 			error = b->writepack(out, b, db, progress_cb, progress_payload);
 		}
 	}
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 
 	if (error == GIT_PASSTHROUGH)
 		error = 0;
@@ -1510,10 +1709,12 @@ void *git_odb_backend_data_alloc(git_odb_backend *backend, size_t len)
 	return git__malloc(len);
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 void *git_odb_backend_malloc(git_odb_backend *backend, size_t len)
 {
 	return git_odb_backend_data_alloc(backend, len);
 }
+#endif
 
 void git_odb_backend_data_free(git_odb_backend *backend, void *data)
 {
@@ -1524,18 +1725,29 @@ void git_odb_backend_data_free(git_odb_backend *backend, void *data)
 int git_odb_refresh(struct git_odb *db)
 {
 	size_t i;
-	assert(db);
+	int error;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
 
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&db->lock)) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "failed to acquire the odb lock");
+		return error;
+	}
 	for (i = 0; i < db->backends.length; ++i) {
 		backend_internal *internal = git_vector_get(&db->backends, i);
 		git_odb_backend *b = internal->backend;
 
 		if (b->refresh != NULL) {
 			int error = b->refresh(b);
-			if (error < 0)
+			if (error < 0) {
+				git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 				return error;
+			}
 		}
 	}
+	if (db->cgraph)
+		git_commit_graph_refresh(db->cgraph);
+	git_mutex_unlock(&db->lock);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/odb.h b/src/odb.h
index 8dd4efd..4a8ebff 100644
--- a/src/odb.h
+++ b/src/odb.h
@@ -12,16 +12,21 @@
 #include "git2/odb.h"
 #include "git2/oid.h"
 #include "git2/types.h"
+#include "git2/sys/commit_graph.h"
 
-#include "vector.h"
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "posix.h"
+#include "commit_graph.h"
 #include "filter.h"
+#include "posix.h"
+#include "vector.h"
 
 #define GIT_OBJECTS_DIR "objects/"
 #define GIT_OBJECT_DIR_MODE 0777
 #define GIT_OBJECT_FILE_MODE 0444
 
+#define GIT_ODB_DEFAULT_LOOSE_PRIORITY 1
+#define GIT_ODB_DEFAULT_PACKED_PRIORITY 2
+
 extern bool git_odb__strict_hash_verification;
 
 /* DO NOT EXPORT */
@@ -40,8 +45,10 @@ struct git_odb_object {
 /* EXPORT */
 struct git_odb {
 	git_refcount rc;
+	git_mutex lock;  /* protects backends */
 	git_vector backends;
 	git_cache own_cache;
+	git_commit_graph *cgraph;
 	unsigned int do_fsync :1;
 };
 
@@ -126,6 +133,13 @@ int git_odb__read_header_or_object(
 	git_odb_object **out, size_t *len_p, git_object_t *type_p,
 	git_odb *db, const git_oid *id);
 
+/*
+ * Attempt to get the ODB's commit-graph file. This object is still owned by
+ * the ODB. If the repository does not contain a commit-graph, it will return
+ * GIT_ENOTFOUND.
+ */
+int git_odb__get_commit_graph_file(git_commit_graph_file **out, git_odb *odb);
+
 /* freshen an entry in the object database */
 int git_odb__freshen(git_odb *db, const git_oid *id);
 
diff --git a/src/odb_loose.c b/src/odb_loose.c
index 4a54b3f..b0abbbf 100644
--- a/src/odb_loose.c
+++ b/src/odb_loose.c
@@ -304,12 +304,12 @@ static int read_loose_standard(git_rawobj *out, git_buf *obj)
 	 * (including the initial sequence in the head buffer).
 	 */
 	if (GIT_ADD_SIZET_OVERFLOW(&alloc_size, hdr.size, 1) ||
-		(body = git__malloc(alloc_size)) == NULL) {
+		(body = git__calloc(1, alloc_size)) == NULL) {
 		error = -1;
 		goto done;
 	}
 
-	assert(decompressed >= head_len);
+	GIT_ASSERT(decompressed >= head_len);
 	body_len = decompressed - head_len;
 
 	if (body_len)
@@ -344,7 +344,8 @@ static int read_loose(git_rawobj *out, git_buf *loc)
 	int error;
 	git_buf obj = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	assert(out && loc);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(loc);
 
 	if (git_buf_oom(loc))
 		return -1;
@@ -386,8 +387,8 @@ static int read_header_loose_standard(
 	git_rawobj *out, const unsigned char *data, size_t len)
 {
 	git_zstream zs = GIT_ZSTREAM_INIT;
-	obj_hdr hdr;
-	unsigned char inflated[MAX_HEADER_LEN];
+	obj_hdr hdr = {0};
+	unsigned char inflated[MAX_HEADER_LEN] = {0};
 	size_t header_len, inflated_len = sizeof(inflated);
 	int error;
 
@@ -411,7 +412,8 @@ static int read_header_loose(git_rawobj *out, git_buf *loc)
 	ssize_t obj_len;
 	int fd, error;
 
-	assert(out && loc);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(loc);
 
 	if (git_buf_oom(loc))
 		return -1;
@@ -585,7 +587,8 @@ static int loose_backend__read_header(size_t *len_p, git_object_t *type_p, git_o
 	git_rawobj raw;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(backend && oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
 
 	raw.len = 0;
 	raw.type = GIT_OBJECT_INVALID;
@@ -609,7 +612,8 @@ static int loose_backend__read(void **buffer_p, size_t *len_p, git_object_t *typ
 	git_rawobj raw;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(backend && oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
 
 	if (locate_object(&object_path, (loose_backend *)backend, oid) < 0) {
 		error = git_odb__error_notfound("no matching loose object",
@@ -636,7 +640,7 @@ static int loose_backend__read_prefix(
 {
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(len >= GIT_OID_MINPREFIXLEN && len <= GIT_OID_HEXSZ);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(len >= GIT_OID_MINPREFIXLEN && len <= GIT_OID_HEXSZ);
 
 	if (len == GIT_OID_HEXSZ) {
 		/* We can fall back to regular read method */
@@ -647,7 +651,7 @@ static int loose_backend__read_prefix(
 		git_buf object_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 		git_rawobj raw;
 
-		assert(backend && short_oid);
+		GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend && short_oid);
 
 		if ((error = locate_object_short_oid(&object_path, out_oid,
 				(loose_backend *)backend, short_oid, len)) == 0 &&
@@ -669,7 +673,8 @@ static int loose_backend__exists(git_odb_backend *backend, const git_oid *oid)
 	git_buf object_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(backend && oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
 
 	error = locate_object(&object_path, (loose_backend *)backend, oid);
 
@@ -684,7 +689,10 @@ static int loose_backend__exists_prefix(
 	git_buf object_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(backend && out && short_id && len >= GIT_OID_MINPREFIXLEN);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(short_id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(len >= GIT_OID_MINPREFIXLEN);
 
 	error = locate_object_short_oid(
 		&object_path, out, (loose_backend *)backend, short_id, len);
@@ -759,7 +767,8 @@ static int loose_backend__foreach(git_odb_backend *_backend, git_odb_foreach_cb 
 	struct foreach_state state;
 	loose_backend *backend = (loose_backend *) _backend;
 
-	assert(backend && cb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cb);
 
 	objects_dir = backend->objects_dir;
 
@@ -833,7 +842,7 @@ static int loose_backend__writestream(git_odb_stream **stream_out, git_odb_backe
 	size_t hdrlen;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(_backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(_backend);
 
 	backend = (loose_backend *)_backend;
 	*stream_out = NULL;
@@ -991,7 +1000,11 @@ static int loose_backend__readstream(
 	obj_hdr hdr;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(stream_out && len_out && type_out && _backend && oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(stream_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(len_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(type_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(_backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
 
 	backend = (loose_backend *)_backend;
 	*stream_out = NULL;
@@ -1108,11 +1121,7 @@ static int loose_backend__freshen(
 
 static void loose_backend__free(git_odb_backend *_backend)
 {
-	loose_backend *backend;
-	assert(_backend);
-	backend = (loose_backend *)_backend;
-
-	git__free(backend);
+	git__free(_backend);
 }
 
 int git_odb_backend_loose(
@@ -1126,7 +1135,8 @@ int git_odb_backend_loose(
 	loose_backend *backend;
 	size_t objects_dirlen, alloclen;
 
-	assert(backend_out && objects_dir);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(objects_dir);
 
 	objects_dirlen = strlen(objects_dir);
 
diff --git a/src/odb_mempack.c b/src/odb_mempack.c
index 69c423b..d08356a 100644
--- a/src/odb_mempack.c
+++ b/src/odb_mempack.c
@@ -110,6 +110,8 @@ int git_mempack_dump(git_buf *pack, git_repository *repo, git_odb_backend *_back
 	if (git_packbuilder_new(&packbuilder, repo) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
+	git_packbuilder_set_threads(packbuilder, 0);
+
 	for (i = 0; i < db->commits.size; ++i) {
 		struct memobject *commit = db->commits.ptr[i];
 
@@ -154,7 +156,7 @@ int git_mempack_new(git_odb_backend **out)
 {
 	struct memory_packer_db *db;
 
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 
 	db = git__calloc(1, sizeof(struct memory_packer_db));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(db);
diff --git a/src/odb_pack.c b/src/odb_pack.c
index c93d07c..3df8a42 100644
--- a/src/odb_pack.c
+++ b/src/odb_pack.c
@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@
 #include "git2/repository.h"
 #include "git2/indexer.h"
 #include "git2/sys/odb_backend.h"
+#include "delta.h"
 #include "futils.h"
 #include "hash.h"
-#include "odb.h"
-#include "delta.h"
-#include "sha1_lookup.h"
+#include "midx.h"
 #include "mwindow.h"
+#include "odb.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 
 #include "git2/odb_backend.h"
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 
 struct pack_backend {
 	git_odb_backend parent;
+	git_midx_file *midx;
+	git_vector midx_packs;
 	git_vector packs;
 	struct git_pack_file *last_found;
 	char *pack_folder;
@@ -48,36 +50,43 @@ struct pack_writepack {
  *	Initialization of the Pack Backend
  *	--------------------------------------------------
  *
- *	# git_odb_backend_pack
- *	| Creates the pack backend structure, initializes the
- *	| callback pointers to our default read() and exist() methods,
- *	| and tries to preload all the known packfiles in the ODB.
+ * # git_odb_backend_pack
+ * | Creates the pack backend structure, initializes the
+ * | callback pointers to our default read() and exist() methods,
+ * | and tries to find the `pack` folder, if it exists. ODBs without a `pack`
+ * | folder are ignored altogether. If there is a `pack` folder, it tries to
+ * | preload all the known packfiles in the ODB.
  * |
- *	|-# packfile_load_all
- *	 | Tries to find the `pack` folder, if it exists. ODBs without
- *	 | a pack folder are ignored altogether. If there's a `pack` folder
- *	 | we run a `dirent` callback through every file in the pack folder
- *	 | to find our packfiles. The packfiles are then sorted according
- *	 | to a sorting callback.
- * 	 |
- *	 |-# packfile_load__cb
- *	 | | This callback is called from `dirent` with every single file
- *	 | | inside the pack folder. We find the packs by actually locating
- *	 | | their index (ends in ".idx"). From that index, we verify that
- *	 | | the corresponding packfile exists and is valid, and if so, we
- *	| | add it to the pack list.
- *	 | |
- *	 | |-# packfile_check
- *	 |		Make sure that there's a packfile to back this index, and store
- *	 |		some very basic information regarding the packfile itself,
- *	 |		such as the full path, the size, and the modification time.
- *	 |		We don't actually open the packfile to check for internal consistency.
- *	|
- *	|-# packfile_sort__cb
- *		Sort all the preloaded packs according to some specific criteria:
- *		we prioritize the "newer" packs because it's more likely they
- *		contain the objects we are looking for, and we prioritize local
- *		packs over remote ones.
+ * |-# pack_backend__refresh
+ *   | The `multi-pack-index` is loaded if it exists and is valid.
+ *   | Then we run a `dirent` callback through every file in the pack folder,
+ *   | even those present in `multi-pack-index`. The unindexed packfiles are
+ *   | then sorted according to a sorting callback.
+ *   |
+ *   |-# refresh_multi_pack_index
+ *   |   Detect the presence of the `multi-pack-index` file. If it needs to be
+ *   |   refreshed, frees the old copy and tries to load the new one, together
+ *   |   with all the packfiles it indexes. If the process fails, fall back to
+ *   |   the old behavior, as if the `multi-pack-index` file was not there.
+ *   |
+ *   |-# packfile_load__cb
+ *   | | This callback is called from `dirent` with every single file
+ *   | | inside the pack folder. We find the packs by actually locating
+ *   | | their index (ends in ".idx"). From that index, we verify that
+ *   | | the corresponding packfile exists and is valid, and if so, we
+ *   | | add it to the pack list.
+ *   | |
+ *   | # git_mwindow_get_pack
+ *   |   Make sure that there's a packfile to back this index, and store
+ *   |   some very basic information regarding the packfile itself,
+ *   |   such as the full path, the size, and the modification time.
+ *   |   We don't actually open the packfile to check for internal consistency.
+ *   |
+ *   |-# packfile_sort__cb
+ *       Sort all the preloaded packs according to some specific criteria:
+ *       we prioritize the "newer" packs because it's more likely they
+ *       contain the objects we are looking for, and we prioritize local
+ *       packs over remote ones.
  *
  *
  *
@@ -85,48 +94,66 @@ struct pack_writepack {
  *	A standard packed `exist` query for an OID
  *	--------------------------------------------------
  *
- * # pack_backend__exists
- * | Check if the given SHA1 oid exists in any of the packs
- * | that have been loaded for our ODB.
+ * # pack_backend__exists / pack_backend__exists_prefix
+ * | Check if the given SHA1 oid (or a SHA1 oid prefix) exists in any of the
+ * | packs that have been loaded for our ODB.
  * |
- * |-# pack_entry_find
- *	| Iterate through all the packs that have been preloaded
- *	| (starting by the pack where the latest object was found)
- *	| to try to find the OID in one of them.
- *	|
- *	|-# pack_entry_find1
- *		| Check the index of an individual pack to see if the SHA1
- *		| OID can be found. If we can find the offset to that SHA1
- *		| inside of the index, that means the object is contained
- *		| inside of the packfile and we can stop searching.
- *		| Before returning, we verify that the packfile behing the
- *		| index we are searching still exists on disk.
- *		|
- *		|-# pack_entry_find_offset
- *		| | Mmap the actual index file to disk if it hasn't been opened
- *		| | yet, and run a binary search through it to find the OID.
- *		| | See <http://book.git-scm.com/7_the_packfile.html> for specifics
- *		| | on the Packfile Index format and how do we find entries in it.
- *		| |
- *		| |-# pack_index_open
- *		|	| Guess the name of the index based on the full path to the
- *		|	| packfile, open it and verify its contents. Only if the index
- *		|	| has not been opened already.
- *		|	|
- *		|	|-# pack_index_check
- *		|		Mmap the index file and do a quick run through the header
- *		|		to guess the index version (right now we support v1 and v2),
- *		|		and to verify that the size of the index makes sense.
- *		|
- *		|-# packfile_open
- *			See `packfile_open` in Chapter 3
+ * |-# pack_entry_find / pack_entry_find_prefix
+ *   | If there is a multi-pack-index present, search the SHA1 oid in that
+ *   | index first. If it is not found there, iterate through all the unindexed
+ *   | packs that have been preloaded (starting by the pack where the latest
+ *   | object was found) to try to find the OID in one of them.
+ *   |
+ *   |-# git_midx_entry_find
+ *   |   Search for the SHA1 oid in the multi-pack-index. See
+ *   |   <https://github.com/git/git/blob/master/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt>
+ *   |   for specifics on the multi-pack-index format and how do we find
+ *   |   entries in it.
+ *   |
+ *   |-# git_pack_entry_find
+ *     | Check the index of an individual unindexed pack to see if the SHA1
+ *     | OID can be found. If we can find the offset to that SHA1 inside of the
+ *     | index, that means the object is contained inside of the packfile and
+ *     | we can stop searching. Before returning, we verify that the
+ *     | packfile behing the index we are searching still exists on disk.
+ *     |
+ *     |-# pack_entry_find_offset
+ *       | Mmap the actual index file to disk if it hasn't been opened
+ *       | yet, and run a binary search through it to find the OID.
+ *       | See <https://github.com/git/git/blob/master/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt>
+ *       | for specifics on the Packfile Index format and how do we find
+ *       | entries in it.
+ *       |
+ *       |-# pack_index_open
+ *         | Guess the name of the index based on the full path to the
+ *         | packfile, open it and verify its contents. Only if the index
+ *         | has not been opened already.
+ *         |
+ *         |-# pack_index_check
+ *             Mmap the index file and do a quick run through the header
+ *             to guess the index version (right now we support v1 and v2),
+ *             and to verify that the size of the index makes sense.
  *
  *
  *
  *	Chapter 3: The neverending story...
  *	A standard packed `lookup` query for an OID
  *	--------------------------------------------------
- *	TODO
+ *
+ * # pack_backend__read / pack_backend__read_prefix
+ * | Check if the given SHA1 oid (or a SHA1 oid prefix) exists in any of the
+ * | packs that have been loaded for our ODB. If it does, open the packfile and
+ * | read from it.
+ * |
+ * |-# git_packfile_unpack
+ *     Armed with a packfile and the offset within it, we can finally unpack
+ *     the object pointed at by the SHA1 oid. This involves mmapping part of
+ *     the `.pack` file, and uncompressing the object within it (if it is
+ *     stored in the undelfitied representation), or finding a base object and
+ *     applying some deltas to its uncompressed representation (if it is stored
+ *     in the deltified representation). See
+ *     <https://github.com/git/git/blob/master/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt>
+ *     for specifics on the Packfile format and how do we read from it.
  *
  */
 
@@ -141,6 +168,8 @@ static int packfile_sort__cb(const void *a_, const void *b_);
 
 static int packfile_load__cb(void *_data, git_buf *path);
 
+static int packfile_byname_search_cmp(const void *path, const void *pack_entry);
+
 static int pack_entry_find(struct git_pack_entry *e,
 	struct pack_backend *backend, const git_oid *oid);
 
@@ -164,6 +193,14 @@ static int pack_entry_find_prefix(
  *
  ***********************************************************/
 
+static int packfile_byname_search_cmp(const void *path_, const void *p_)
+{
+	const git_buf *path = (const git_buf *)path_;
+	const struct git_pack_file *p = (const struct git_pack_file *)p_;
+
+	return strncmp(p->pack_name, git_buf_cstr(path), git_buf_len(path));
+}
+
 static int packfile_sort__cb(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 {
 	const struct git_pack_file *a = a_;
@@ -199,20 +236,20 @@ static int packfile_load__cb(void *data, git_buf *path)
 	struct pack_backend *backend = data;
 	struct git_pack_file *pack;
 	const char *path_str = git_buf_cstr(path);
-	size_t i, cmp_len = git_buf_len(path);
+	git_buf index_prefix = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	size_t cmp_len = git_buf_len(path);
 	int error;
 
 	if (cmp_len <= strlen(".idx") || git__suffixcmp(path_str, ".idx") != 0)
 		return 0; /* not an index */
 
 	cmp_len -= strlen(".idx");
+	git_buf_attach_notowned(&index_prefix, path_str, cmp_len);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < backend->packs.length; ++i) {
-		struct git_pack_file *p = git_vector_get(&backend->packs, i);
-
-		if (strncmp(p->pack_name, path_str, cmp_len) == 0)
-			return 0;
-	}
+	if (git_vector_search2(NULL, &backend->midx_packs, packfile_byname_search_cmp, &index_prefix) == 0)
+		return 0;
+	if (git_vector_search2(NULL, &backend->packs, packfile_byname_search_cmp, &index_prefix) == 0)
+		return 0;
 
 	error = git_mwindow_get_pack(&pack, path->ptr);
 
@@ -229,22 +266,26 @@ static int packfile_load__cb(void *data, git_buf *path)
 
 }
 
-static int pack_entry_find_inner(
-	struct git_pack_entry *e,
-	struct pack_backend *backend,
-	const git_oid *oid,
-	struct git_pack_file *last_found)
+static int pack_entry_find(struct git_pack_entry *e, struct pack_backend *backend, const git_oid *oid)
 {
+	struct git_pack_file *last_found = backend->last_found, *p;
+	git_midx_entry midx_entry;
 	size_t i;
 
+	if (backend->midx &&
+		git_midx_entry_find(&midx_entry, backend->midx, oid, GIT_OID_HEXSZ) == 0 &&
+		midx_entry.pack_index < git_vector_length(&backend->midx_packs)) {
+		e->offset = midx_entry.offset;
+		git_oid_cpy(&e->sha1, &midx_entry.sha1);
+		e->p = git_vector_get(&backend->midx_packs, midx_entry.pack_index);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (last_found &&
 		git_pack_entry_find(e, last_found, oid, GIT_OID_HEXSZ) == 0)
 		return 0;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < backend->packs.length; ++i) {
-		struct git_pack_file *p;
-
-		p = git_vector_get(&backend->packs, i);
+	git_vector_foreach(&backend->packs, i, p) {
 		if (p == last_found)
 			continue;
 
@@ -254,20 +295,6 @@ static int pack_entry_find_inner(
 		}
 	}
 
-	return -1;
-}
-
-static int pack_entry_find(struct git_pack_entry *e, struct pack_backend *backend, const git_oid *oid)
-{
-	struct git_pack_file *last_found = backend->last_found;
-
-	if (backend->last_found &&
-		git_pack_entry_find(e, backend->last_found, oid, GIT_OID_HEXSZ) == 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (!pack_entry_find_inner(e, backend, oid, last_found))
-		return 0;
-
 	return git_odb__error_notfound(
 		"failed to find pack entry", oid, GIT_OID_HEXSZ);
 }
@@ -282,22 +309,35 @@ static int pack_entry_find_prefix(
 	size_t i;
 	git_oid found_full_oid = {{0}};
 	bool found = false;
-	struct git_pack_file *last_found = backend->last_found;
+	struct git_pack_file *last_found = backend->last_found, *p;
+	git_midx_entry midx_entry;
+
+	if (backend->midx) {
+		error = git_midx_entry_find(&midx_entry, backend->midx, short_oid, len);
+		if (error == GIT_EAMBIGUOUS)
+			return error;
+		if (!error && midx_entry.pack_index < git_vector_length(&backend->midx_packs)) {
+			e->offset = midx_entry.offset;
+			git_oid_cpy(&e->sha1, &midx_entry.sha1);
+			e->p = git_vector_get(&backend->midx_packs, midx_entry.pack_index);
+			git_oid_cpy(&found_full_oid, &e->sha1);
+			found = true;
+		}
+	}
 
 	if (last_found) {
 		error = git_pack_entry_find(e, last_found, short_oid, len);
 		if (error == GIT_EAMBIGUOUS)
 			return error;
 		if (!error) {
+			if (found && git_oid_cmp(&e->sha1, &found_full_oid))
+				return git_odb__error_ambiguous("found multiple pack entries");
 			git_oid_cpy(&found_full_oid, &e->sha1);
 			found = true;
 		}
 	}
 
-	for (i = 0; i < backend->packs.length; ++i) {
-		struct git_pack_file *p;
-
-		p = git_vector_get(&backend->packs, i);
+	git_vector_foreach(&backend->packs, i, p) {
 		if (p == last_found)
 			continue;
 
@@ -320,6 +360,141 @@ static int pack_entry_find_prefix(
 		return 0;
 }
 
+/***********************************************************
+ *
+ * MULTI-PACK-INDEX SUPPORT
+ *
+ * Functions needed to support the multi-pack-index.
+ *
+ ***********************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * Remove the multi-pack-index, and move all midx_packs to packs.
+ */
+static int remove_multi_pack_index(struct pack_backend *backend)
+{
+	size_t i, j = git_vector_length(&backend->packs);
+	struct pack_backend *p;
+	int error = git_vector_size_hint(
+			&backend->packs,
+			j + git_vector_length(&backend->midx_packs));
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	git_vector_foreach(&backend->midx_packs, i, p)
+		git_vector_set(NULL, &backend->packs, j++, p);
+	git_vector_clear(&backend->midx_packs);
+
+	git_midx_free(backend->midx);
+	backend->midx = NULL;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Loads a single .pack file referred to by the multi-pack-index. These must
+ * match the order in which they are declared in the multi-pack-index file,
+ * since these files are referred to by their index.
+ */
+static int process_multi_pack_index_pack(
+		struct pack_backend *backend,
+		size_t i,
+		const char *packfile_name)
+{
+	int error;
+	size_t cmp_len = strlen(packfile_name);
+	struct git_pack_file *pack;
+	size_t found_position;
+	git_buf pack_path = GIT_BUF_INIT, index_prefix = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+
+	error = git_buf_joinpath(&pack_path, backend->pack_folder, packfile_name);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	/* This is ensured by midx__parse_packfile_name() */
+	if (cmp_len <= strlen(".idx") || git__suffixcmp(git_buf_cstr(&pack_path), ".idx") != 0)
+		return git_odb__error_notfound("midx file contained a non-index", NULL, 0);
+
+	cmp_len -= strlen(".idx");
+	git_buf_attach_notowned(&index_prefix, git_buf_cstr(&pack_path), cmp_len);
+
+	if (git_vector_search2(&found_position, &backend->packs, packfile_byname_search_cmp, &index_prefix) == 0) {
+		/* Pack was found in the packs list. Moving it to the midx_packs list. */
+		git_buf_dispose(&pack_path);
+		git_vector_set(NULL, &backend->midx_packs, i, git_vector_get(&backend->packs, found_position));
+		git_vector_remove(&backend->packs, found_position);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Pack was not found. Allocate a new one. */
+	error = git_mwindow_get_pack(&pack, git_buf_cstr(&pack_path));
+	git_buf_dispose(&pack_path);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	git_vector_set(NULL, &backend->midx_packs, i, pack);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Reads the multi-pack-index. If this fails for whatever reason, the
+ * multi-pack-index object is freed, and all the packfiles that are related to
+ * it are moved to the unindexed packfiles vector.
+ */
+static int refresh_multi_pack_index(struct pack_backend *backend)
+{
+	int error;
+	git_buf midx_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	const char *packfile_name;
+	size_t i;
+
+	error = git_buf_joinpath(&midx_path, backend->pack_folder, "multi-pack-index");
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check whether the multi-pack-index has changed. If it has, close any
+	 * old multi-pack-index and move all the packfiles to the unindexed
+	 * packs. This is done to prevent losing any open packfiles in case
+	 * refreshing the new multi-pack-index fails, or the file is deleted.
+	 */
+	if (backend->midx) {
+		if (!git_midx_needs_refresh(backend->midx, git_buf_cstr(&midx_path))) {
+			git_buf_dispose(&midx_path);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		error = remove_multi_pack_index(backend);
+		if (error < 0) {
+			git_buf_dispose(&midx_path);
+			return error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	error = git_midx_open(&backend->midx, git_buf_cstr(&midx_path));
+	git_buf_dispose(&midx_path);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	git_vector_resize_to(&backend->midx_packs, git_vector_length(&backend->midx->packfile_names));
+
+	git_vector_foreach(&backend->midx->packfile_names, i, packfile_name) {
+		error = process_multi_pack_index_pack(backend, i, packfile_name);
+		if (error < 0) {
+			/*
+			 * Something failed during reading multi-pack-index.
+			 * Restore the state of backend as if the
+			 * multi-pack-index was never there, and move all
+			 * packfiles that have been processed so far to the
+			 * unindexed packs.
+			 */
+			git_vector_resize_to(&backend->midx_packs, i);
+			remove_multi_pack_index(backend);
+			return error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
 
 /***********************************************************
  *
@@ -341,9 +516,16 @@ static int pack_backend__refresh(git_odb_backend *backend_)
 	if (p_stat(backend->pack_folder, &st) < 0 || !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
 		return git_odb__error_notfound("failed to refresh packfiles", NULL, 0);
 
-	git_buf_sets(&path, backend->pack_folder);
+	if (refresh_multi_pack_index(backend) < 0) {
+		/*
+		 * It is okay if this fails. We will just not use the
+		 * multi-pack-index in this case.
+		 */
+		git_error_clear();
+	}
 
 	/* reload all packs */
+	git_buf_sets(&path, backend->pack_folder);
 	error = git_path_direach(&path, 0, packfile_load__cb, backend);
 
 	git_buf_dispose(&path);
@@ -359,7 +541,10 @@ static int pack_backend__read_header(
 	struct git_pack_entry e;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(len_p && type_p && backend && oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(len_p);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(type_p);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
 
 	if ((error = pack_entry_find(&e, (struct pack_backend *)backend, oid)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -470,13 +655,17 @@ static int pack_backend__foreach(git_odb_backend *_backend, git_odb_foreach_cb c
 	struct pack_backend *backend;
 	unsigned int i;
 
-	assert(_backend && cb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(_backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cb);
+
 	backend = (struct pack_backend *)_backend;
 
 	/* Make sure we know about the packfiles */
-	if ((error = pack_backend__refresh(_backend)) < 0)
+	if ((error = pack_backend__refresh(_backend)) != 0)
 		return error;
 
+	if (backend->midx && (error = git_midx_foreach_entry(backend->midx, cb, data)) != 0)
+		return error;
 	git_vector_foreach(&backend->packs, i, p) {
 		if ((error = git_pack_foreach_entry(p, cb, data)) != 0)
 			return error;
@@ -489,7 +678,7 @@ static int pack_backend__writepack_append(struct git_odb_writepack *_writepack, 
 {
 	struct pack_writepack *writepack = (struct pack_writepack *)_writepack;
 
-	assert(writepack);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(writepack);
 
 	return git_indexer_append(writepack->indexer, data, size, stats);
 }
@@ -498,16 +687,19 @@ static int pack_backend__writepack_commit(struct git_odb_writepack *_writepack, 
 {
 	struct pack_writepack *writepack = (struct pack_writepack *)_writepack;
 
-	assert(writepack);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(writepack);
 
 	return git_indexer_commit(writepack->indexer, stats);
 }
 
 static void pack_backend__writepack_free(struct git_odb_writepack *_writepack)
 {
-	struct pack_writepack *writepack = (struct pack_writepack *)_writepack;
+	struct pack_writepack *writepack;
 
-	assert(writepack);
+	if (!_writepack)
+		return;
+
+	writepack = (struct pack_writepack *)_writepack;
 
 	git_indexer_free(writepack->indexer);
 	git__free(writepack);
@@ -523,7 +715,8 @@ static int pack_backend__writepack(struct git_odb_writepack **out,
 	struct pack_backend *backend;
 	struct pack_writepack *writepack;
 
-	assert(out && _backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(_backend);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -554,17 +747,21 @@ static int pack_backend__writepack(struct git_odb_writepack **out,
 static void pack_backend__free(git_odb_backend *_backend)
 {
 	struct pack_backend *backend;
+	struct git_pack_file *p;
 	size_t i;
 
-	assert(_backend);
+	if (!_backend)
+		return;
 
 	backend = (struct pack_backend *)_backend;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < backend->packs.length; ++i) {
-		struct git_pack_file *p = git_vector_get(&backend->packs, i);
+	git_vector_foreach(&backend->midx_packs, i, p)
+		git_mwindow_put_pack(p);
+	git_vector_foreach(&backend->packs, i, p)
 		git_mwindow_put_pack(p);
-	}
 
+	git_midx_free(backend->midx);
+	git_vector_free(&backend->midx_packs);
 	git_vector_free(&backend->packs);
 	git__free(backend->pack_folder);
 	git__free(backend);
@@ -575,7 +772,12 @@ static int pack_backend__alloc(struct pack_backend **out, size_t initial_size)
 	struct pack_backend *backend = git__calloc(1, sizeof(struct pack_backend));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(backend);
 
+	if (git_vector_init(&backend->midx_packs, 0, NULL) < 0) {
+		git__free(backend);
+		return -1;
+	}
 	if (git_vector_init(&backend->packs, initial_size, packfile_sort__cb) < 0) {
+		git_vector_free(&backend->midx_packs);
 		git__free(backend);
 		return -1;
 	}
diff --git a/src/oid.c b/src/oid.c
index 6419566..893e2fc 100644
--- a/src/oid.c
+++ b/src/oid.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 #include "git2/oid.h"
 #include "repository.h"
-#include "global.h"
+#include "threadstate.h"
 #include <string.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ int git_oid_fromstrn(git_oid *out, const char *str, size_t length)
 	size_t p;
 	int v;
 
-	assert(out && str);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(str);
 
 	if (!length)
 		return oid_error_invalid("too short");
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ int git_oid_pathfmt(char *str, const git_oid *oid)
 
 char *git_oid_tostr_s(const git_oid *oid)
 {
-	char *str = GIT_GLOBAL->oid_fmt;
+	char *str = GIT_THREADSTATE->oid_fmt;
 	git_oid_nfmt(str, GIT_OID_HEXSZ + 1, oid);
 	return str;
 }
@@ -253,10 +254,12 @@ int git_oid_is_zero(const git_oid *oid_a)
 	return 1;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_oid_iszero(const git_oid *oid_a)
 {
 	return git_oid_is_zero(oid_a);
 }
+#endif
 
 typedef short node_index;
 
@@ -314,7 +317,7 @@ git_oid_shorten *git_oid_shorten_new(size_t min_length)
 {
 	git_oid_shorten *os;
 
-	assert((size_t)((int)min_length) == min_length);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL((size_t)((int)min_length) == min_length, NULL);
 
 	os = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_oid_shorten));
 	if (os == NULL)
diff --git a/src/pack-objects.c b/src/pack-objects.c
index bdd5171..faff310 100644
--- a/src/pack-objects.c
+++ b/src/pack-objects.c
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 #include "iterator.h"
 #include "netops.h"
 #include "pack.h"
-#include "thread-utils.h"
+#include "thread.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "util.h"
 #include "revwalk.h"
@@ -48,18 +48,10 @@ struct walk_object {
 };
 
 #ifdef GIT_THREADS
-
-#define GIT_PACKBUILDER__MUTEX_OP(pb, mtx, op) do { \
-		int result = git_mutex_##op(&(pb)->mtx); \
-		assert(!result); \
-		GIT_UNUSED(result); \
-	} while (0)
-
+# define GIT_PACKBUILDER__MUTEX_OP(pb, mtx, op) git_mutex_##op(&(pb)->mtx)
 #else
-
-#define GIT_PACKBUILDER__MUTEX_OP(pb,mtx,op) GIT_UNUSED(pb)
-
-#endif /* GIT_THREADS */
+# define GIT_PACKBUILDER__MUTEX_OP(pb, mtx, op) git__noop()
+#endif
 
 #define git_packbuilder__cache_lock(pb) GIT_PACKBUILDER__MUTEX_OP(pb, cache_mutex, lock)
 #define git_packbuilder__cache_unlock(pb) GIT_PACKBUILDER__MUTEX_OP(pb, cache_mutex, unlock)
@@ -141,14 +133,11 @@ int git_packbuilder_new(git_packbuilder **out, git_repository *repo)
 	pb = git__calloc(1, sizeof(*pb));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(pb);
 
-	if (git_oidmap_new(&pb->object_ix) < 0)
-		goto on_error;
-
-	if (git_oidmap_new(&pb->walk_objects) < 0)
+	if (git_oidmap_new(&pb->object_ix) < 0 ||
+	    git_oidmap_new(&pb->walk_objects) < 0 ||
+	    git_pool_init(&pb->object_pool, sizeof(struct walk_object)) < 0)
 		goto on_error;
 
-	git_pool_init(&pb->object_pool, sizeof(struct walk_object));
-
 	pb->repo = repo;
 	pb->nr_threads = 1; /* do not spawn any thread by default */
 
@@ -180,13 +169,13 @@ on_error:
 
 unsigned int git_packbuilder_set_threads(git_packbuilder *pb, unsigned int n)
 {
-	assert(pb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(pb);
 
 #ifdef GIT_THREADS
 	pb->nr_threads = n;
 #else
 	GIT_UNUSED(n);
-	assert(1 == pb->nr_threads);
+	GIT_ASSERT(pb->nr_threads == 1);
 #endif
 
 	return pb->nr_threads;
@@ -214,7 +203,8 @@ int git_packbuilder_insert(git_packbuilder *pb, const git_oid *oid,
 	size_t newsize;
 	int ret;
 
-	assert(pb && oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(pb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
 
 	/* If the object already exists in the hash table, then we don't
 	 * have any work to do */
@@ -261,7 +251,7 @@ int git_packbuilder_insert(git_packbuilder *pb, const git_oid *oid,
 		double current_time = git__timer();
 		double elapsed = current_time - pb->last_progress_report_time;
 
-		if (elapsed >= MIN_PROGRESS_UPDATE_INTERVAL) {
+		if (elapsed < 0 || elapsed >= MIN_PROGRESS_UPDATE_INTERVAL) {
 			pb->last_progress_report_time = current_time;
 
 			ret = pb->progress_cb(
@@ -350,10 +340,9 @@ static int write_object(
 	}
 
 	/* Write header */
-	hdr_len = git_packfile__object_header(hdr, data_len, type);
-
-	if ((error = write_cb(hdr, hdr_len, cb_data)) < 0 ||
-		(error = git_hash_update(&pb->ctx, hdr, hdr_len)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_packfile__object_header(&hdr_len, hdr, data_len, type)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = write_cb(hdr, hdr_len, cb_data)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_hash_update(&pb->ctx, hdr, hdr_len)) < 0)
 		goto done;
 
 	if (type == GIT_OBJECT_REF_DELTA) {
@@ -374,7 +363,9 @@ static int write_object(
 		GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(zbuf);
 
 		git_zstream_reset(&pb->zstream);
-		git_zstream_set_input(&pb->zstream, data, data_len);
+
+		if ((error = git_zstream_set_input(&pb->zstream, data, data_len)) < 0)
+			goto done;
 
 		while (!git_zstream_done(&pb->zstream)) {
 			if ((error = git_zstream_get_output(zbuf, &zbuf_len, &pb->zstream)) < 0 ||
@@ -526,13 +517,18 @@ static int cb_tag_foreach(const char *name, git_oid *oid, void *data)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static git_pobject **compute_write_order(git_packbuilder *pb)
+static int compute_write_order(git_pobject ***out, git_packbuilder *pb)
 {
 	size_t i, wo_end, last_untagged;
 	git_pobject **wo;
 
+	*out = NULL;
+
+	if (!pb->nr_objects)
+		return 0;
+
 	if ((wo = git__mallocarray(pb->nr_objects, sizeof(*wo))) == NULL)
-		return NULL;
+		return -1;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < pb->nr_objects; i++) {
 		git_pobject *po = pb->object_list + i;
@@ -561,7 +557,7 @@ static git_pobject **compute_write_order(git_packbuilder *pb)
 	 */
 	if (git_tag_foreach(pb->repo, &cb_tag_foreach, pb) < 0) {
 		git__free(wo);
-		return NULL;
+		return -1;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -618,10 +614,11 @@ static git_pobject **compute_write_order(git_packbuilder *pb)
 	if (wo_end != pb->nr_objects) {
 		git__free(wo);
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "invalid write order");
-		return NULL;
+		return -1;
 	}
 
-	return wo;
+	*out = wo;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int write_pack(git_packbuilder *pb,
@@ -634,15 +631,15 @@ static int write_pack(git_packbuilder *pb,
 	struct git_pack_header ph;
 	git_oid entry_oid;
 	size_t i = 0;
-	int error = 0;
+	int error;
 
-	write_order = compute_write_order(pb);
-	if (write_order == NULL)
-		return -1;
+	if ((error = compute_write_order(&write_order, pb)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	if (!git__is_uint32(pb->nr_objects)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "too many objects");
-		return -1;
+		error = -1;
+		goto done;
 	}
 
 	/* Write pack header */
@@ -853,10 +850,11 @@ static int try_delta(git_packbuilder *pb, struct unpacked *trg,
 		}
 	}
 
-	git_packbuilder__cache_lock(pb);
+	GIT_ASSERT(git_packbuilder__cache_lock(pb) == 0);
+
 	if (trg_object->delta_data) {
 		git__free(trg_object->delta_data);
-		assert(pb->delta_cache_size >= trg_object->delta_size);
+		GIT_ASSERT(pb->delta_cache_size >= trg_object->delta_size);
 		pb->delta_cache_size -= trg_object->delta_size;
 		trg_object->delta_data = NULL;
 	}
@@ -864,7 +862,7 @@ static int try_delta(git_packbuilder *pb, struct unpacked *trg,
 		bool overflow = git__add_sizet_overflow(
 			&pb->delta_cache_size, pb->delta_cache_size, delta_size);
 
-		git_packbuilder__cache_unlock(pb);
+		GIT_ASSERT(git_packbuilder__cache_unlock(pb) == 0);
 
 		if (overflow) {
 			git__free(delta_buf);
@@ -875,7 +873,7 @@ static int try_delta(git_packbuilder *pb, struct unpacked *trg,
 		GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(trg_object->delta_data);
 	} else {
 		/* create delta when writing the pack */
-		git_packbuilder__cache_unlock(pb);
+		GIT_ASSERT(git_packbuilder__cache_unlock(pb) == 0);
 		git__free(delta_buf);
 	}
 
@@ -930,7 +928,7 @@ static int report_delta_progress(
 		double current_time = git__timer();
 		double elapsed = current_time - pb->last_progress_report_time;
 
-		if (force || elapsed >= MIN_PROGRESS_UPDATE_INTERVAL) {
+		if (force || elapsed < 0 || elapsed >= MIN_PROGRESS_UPDATE_INTERVAL) {
 			pb->last_progress_report_time = current_time;
 
 			ret = pb->progress_cb(
@@ -963,9 +961,9 @@ static int find_deltas(git_packbuilder *pb, git_pobject **list,
 		struct unpacked *n = array + idx;
 		size_t max_depth, j, best_base = SIZE_MAX;
 
-		git_packbuilder__progress_lock(pb);
+		GIT_ASSERT(git_packbuilder__progress_lock(pb) == 0);
 		if (!*list_size) {
-			git_packbuilder__progress_unlock(pb);
+			GIT_ASSERT(git_packbuilder__progress_unlock(pb) == 0);
 			break;
 		}
 
@@ -974,7 +972,7 @@ static int find_deltas(git_packbuilder *pb, git_pobject **list,
 
 		po = *list++;
 		(*list_size)--;
-		git_packbuilder__progress_unlock(pb);
+		GIT_ASSERT(git_packbuilder__progress_unlock(pb) == 0);
 
 		mem_usage -= free_unpacked(n);
 		n->object = po;
@@ -1049,10 +1047,10 @@ static int find_deltas(git_packbuilder *pb, git_pobject **list,
 			po->z_delta_size = zbuf.size;
 			git_buf_clear(&zbuf);
 
-			git_packbuilder__cache_lock(pb);
+			GIT_ASSERT(git_packbuilder__cache_lock(pb) == 0);
 			pb->delta_cache_size -= po->delta_size;
 			pb->delta_cache_size += po->z_delta_size;
-			git_packbuilder__cache_unlock(pb);
+			GIT_ASSERT(git_packbuilder__cache_unlock(pb) == 0);
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -1130,10 +1128,10 @@ static void *threaded_find_deltas(void *arg)
 			; /* TODO */
 		}
 
-		git_packbuilder__progress_lock(me->pb);
+		GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL(git_packbuilder__progress_lock(me->pb) == 0, NULL);
 		me->working = 0;
 		git_cond_signal(&me->pb->progress_cond);
-		git_packbuilder__progress_unlock(me->pb);
+		GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL(git_packbuilder__progress_unlock(me->pb) == 0, NULL);
 
 		if (git_mutex_lock(&me->mutex)) {
 			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_THREAD, "unable to lock packfile condition mutex");
@@ -1166,7 +1164,7 @@ static int ll_find_deltas(git_packbuilder *pb, git_pobject **list,
 	int ret, active_threads = 0;
 
 	if (!pb->nr_threads)
-		pb->nr_threads = git_online_cpus();
+		pb->nr_threads = git__online_cpus();
 
 	if (pb->nr_threads <= 1) {
 		find_deltas(pb, list, &list_size, window, depth);
@@ -1238,7 +1236,7 @@ static int ll_find_deltas(git_packbuilder *pb, git_pobject **list,
 		 * 'working' flag from 1 -> 0. This indicates that it is
 		 * ready to receive more work using our work-stealing
 		 * algorithm. */
-		git_packbuilder__progress_lock(pb);
+		GIT_ASSERT(git_packbuilder__progress_lock(pb) == 0);
 		for (;;) {
 			for (i = 0; !target && i < pb->nr_threads; i++)
 				if (!p[i].working)
@@ -1281,7 +1279,7 @@ static int ll_find_deltas(git_packbuilder *pb, git_pobject **list,
 		target->list_size = sub_size;
 		target->remaining = sub_size;
 		target->working = 1;
-		git_packbuilder__progress_unlock(pb);
+		GIT_ASSERT(git_packbuilder__progress_unlock(pb) == 0);
 
 		if (git_mutex_lock(&target->mutex)) {
 			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_THREAD, "unable to lock packfile condition mutex");
@@ -1364,8 +1362,13 @@ int git_packbuilder_foreach(git_packbuilder *pb, int (*cb)(void *buf, size_t siz
 
 int git_packbuilder_write_buf(git_buf *buf, git_packbuilder *pb)
 {
+	int error;
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(buf)) < 0)
+		return error;
+
 	PREPARE_PACK;
-	git_buf_sanitize(buf);
+
 	return write_pack(pb, &write_pack_buf, buf);
 }
 
@@ -1382,20 +1385,29 @@ int git_packbuilder_write(
 	git_indexer_progress_cb progress_cb,
 	void *progress_cb_payload)
 {
+	int error = -1;
+	git_buf object_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_indexer_options opts = GIT_INDEXER_OPTIONS_INIT;
-	git_indexer *indexer;
+	git_indexer *indexer = NULL;
 	git_indexer_progress stats;
 	struct pack_write_context ctx;
 	int t;
 
 	PREPARE_PACK;
 
+	if (path == NULL) {
+		if ((error = git_repository_item_path(&object_path, pb->repo, GIT_REPOSITORY_ITEM_OBJECTS)) < 0)
+			goto cleanup;
+		if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&object_path, git_buf_cstr(&object_path), "pack")) < 0)
+			goto cleanup;
+		path = git_buf_cstr(&object_path);
+	}
+
 	opts.progress_cb = progress_cb;
 	opts.progress_cb_payload = progress_cb_payload;
 
-	if (git_indexer_new(
-		&indexer, path, mode, pb->odb, &opts) < 0)
-		return -1;
+	if ((error = git_indexer_new(&indexer, path, mode, pb->odb, &opts)) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
 
 	if (!git_repository__configmap_lookup(&t, pb->repo, GIT_CONFIGMAP_FSYNCOBJECTFILES) && t)
 		git_indexer__set_fsync(indexer, 1);
@@ -1403,16 +1415,18 @@ int git_packbuilder_write(
 	ctx.indexer = indexer;
 	ctx.stats = &stats;
 
-	if (git_packbuilder_foreach(pb, write_cb, &ctx) < 0 ||
-		git_indexer_commit(indexer, &stats) < 0) {
-		git_indexer_free(indexer);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if ((error = git_packbuilder_foreach(pb, write_cb, &ctx)) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	if ((error = git_indexer_commit(indexer, &stats)) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
 
 	git_oid_cpy(&pb->pack_oid, git_indexer_hash(indexer));
 
+cleanup:
 	git_indexer_free(indexer);
-	return 0;
+	git_buf_dispose(&object_path);
+	return error;
 }
 
 #undef PREPARE_PACK
@@ -1476,7 +1490,8 @@ int git_packbuilder_insert_recur(git_packbuilder *pb, const git_oid *id, const c
 	git_object *obj;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(pb && id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(pb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
 
 	if ((error = git_object_lookup(&obj, pb->repo, id, GIT_OBJECT_ANY)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -1632,7 +1647,7 @@ static int mark_edges_uninteresting(git_packbuilder *pb, git_commit_list *commit
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int insert_tree(git_packbuilder *pb, git_tree *tree)
+static int pack_objects_insert_tree(git_packbuilder *pb, git_tree *tree)
 {
 	size_t i;
 	int error;
@@ -1659,7 +1674,7 @@ int insert_tree(git_packbuilder *pb, git_tree *tree)
 			if ((error = git_tree_lookup(&subtree, pb->repo, entry_id)) < 0)
 				return error;
 
-			error = insert_tree(pb, subtree);
+			error = pack_objects_insert_tree(pb, subtree);
 			git_tree_free(subtree);
 
 			if (error < 0)
@@ -1685,7 +1700,7 @@ int insert_tree(git_packbuilder *pb, git_tree *tree)
 	return error;
 }
 
-int insert_commit(git_packbuilder *pb, struct walk_object *obj)
+static int pack_objects_insert_commit(git_packbuilder *pb, struct walk_object *obj)
 {
 	int error;
 	git_commit *commit = NULL;
@@ -1702,7 +1717,7 @@ int insert_commit(git_packbuilder *pb, struct walk_object *obj)
 	if ((error = git_tree_lookup(&tree, pb->repo, git_commit_tree_id(commit))) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
-	if ((error = insert_tree(pb, tree)) < 0)
+	if ((error = pack_objects_insert_tree(pb, tree)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 cleanup:
@@ -1717,7 +1732,8 @@ int git_packbuilder_insert_walk(git_packbuilder *pb, git_revwalk *walk)
 	git_oid id;
 	struct walk_object *obj;
 
-	assert(pb && walk);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(pb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(walk);
 
 	if ((error = mark_edges_uninteresting(pb, walk->user_input)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -1737,7 +1753,7 @@ int git_packbuilder_insert_walk(git_packbuilder *pb, git_revwalk *walk)
 		if (obj->seen || obj->uninteresting)
 			continue;
 
-		if ((error = insert_commit(pb, obj)) < 0)
+		if ((error = pack_objects_insert_commit(pb, obj)) < 0)
 			return error;
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/pack.c b/src/pack.c
index 7c6fc2c..5d284ca 100644
--- a/src/pack.c
+++ b/src/pack.c
@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@
 #include "mwindow.h"
 #include "odb.h"
 #include "oid.h"
-#include "sha1_lookup.h"
+#include "oidarray.h"
 
 /* Option to bypass checking existence of '.keep' files */
 bool git_disable_pack_keep_file_checks = false;
 
-static int packfile_open(struct git_pack_file *p);
-static off64_t nth_packed_object_offset(const struct git_pack_file *p, uint32_t n);
+static int packfile_open_locked(struct git_pack_file *p);
+static off64_t nth_packed_object_offset_locked(struct git_pack_file *p, uint32_t n);
 static int packfile_unpack_compressed(
 		git_rawobj *obj,
 		struct git_pack_file *p,
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ static git_pack_cache_entry *new_cache_object(git_rawobj *source)
 	if (!e)
 		return NULL;
 
-	git_atomic_inc(&e->refcount);
+	git_atomic32_inc(&e->refcount);
 	memcpy(&e->raw, source, sizeof(git_rawobj));
 
 	return e;
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@ static void free_cache_object(void *o)
 	git_pack_cache_entry *e = (git_pack_cache_entry *)o;
 
 	if (e != NULL) {
-		assert(e->refcount.val == 0);
 		git__free(e->raw.data);
 		git__free(e);
 	}
@@ -115,7 +114,7 @@ static git_pack_cache_entry *cache_get(git_pack_cache *cache, off64_t offset)
 		return NULL;
 
 	if ((entry = git_offmap_get(cache->entries, offset)) != NULL) {
-		git_atomic_inc(&entry->refcount);
+		git_atomic32_inc(&entry->refcount);
 		entry->last_usage = cache->use_ctr++;
 	}
 	git_mutex_unlock(&cache->lock);
@@ -130,7 +129,7 @@ static void free_lowest_entry(git_pack_cache *cache)
 	git_pack_cache_entry *entry;
 
 	git_offmap_foreach(cache->entries, offset, entry, {
-		if (entry && entry->refcount.val == 0) {
+		if (entry && git_atomic32_get(&entry->refcount) == 0) {
 			cache->memory_used -= entry->raw.len;
 			git_offmap_delete(cache->entries, offset);
 			free_cache_object(entry);
@@ -197,7 +196,8 @@ static void pack_index_free(struct git_pack_file *p)
 	}
 }
 
-static int pack_index_check(const char *path, struct git_pack_file *p)
+/* Run with the packfile lock held */
+static int pack_index_check_locked(const char *path, struct git_pack_file *p)
 {
 	struct git_pack_idx_header *hdr;
 	uint32_t version, nr, i, *index;
@@ -303,40 +303,36 @@ static int pack_index_check(const char *path, struct git_pack_file *p)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int pack_index_open(struct git_pack_file *p)
+/* Run with the packfile lock held */
+static int pack_index_open_locked(struct git_pack_file *p)
 {
 	int error = 0;
 	size_t name_len;
-	git_buf idx_name;
+	git_buf idx_name = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
 	if (p->index_version > -1)
-		return 0;
+		goto cleanup;
 
+	/* checked by git_pack_file alloc */
 	name_len = strlen(p->pack_name);
-	assert(name_len > strlen(".pack")); /* checked by git_pack_file alloc */
+	GIT_ASSERT(name_len > strlen(".pack"));
 
-	if (git_buf_init(&idx_name, name_len) < 0)
-		return -1;
+	if ((error = git_buf_init(&idx_name, name_len)) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
 
 	git_buf_put(&idx_name, p->pack_name, name_len - strlen(".pack"));
 	git_buf_puts(&idx_name, ".idx");
 	if (git_buf_oom(&idx_name)) {
-		git_buf_dispose(&idx_name);
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&p->lock)) < 0) {
-		git_buf_dispose(&idx_name);
-		return error;
+		error = -1;
+		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
 	if (p->index_version == -1)
-		error = pack_index_check(idx_name.ptr, p);
+		error = pack_index_check_locked(idx_name.ptr, p);
 
+cleanup:
 	git_buf_dispose(&idx_name);
 
-	git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
-
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -346,8 +342,20 @@ static unsigned char *pack_window_open(
 		off64_t offset,
 		unsigned int *left)
 {
-	if (p->mwf.fd == -1 && packfile_open(p) < 0)
+	unsigned char *pack_data = NULL;
+
+	if (git_mutex_lock(&p->lock) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_THREAD, "unable to lock packfile");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	if (git_mutex_lock(&p->mwf.lock) < 0) {
+		git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_THREAD, "unable to lock packfile");
 		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (p->mwf.fd == -1 && packfile_open_locked(p) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
 
 	/* Since packfiles end in a hash of their content and it's
 	 * pointless to ask for an offset into the middle of that
@@ -358,11 +366,16 @@ static unsigned char *pack_window_open(
 	 * around.
 	 */
 	if (offset > (p->mwf.size - 20))
-		return NULL;
+		goto cleanup;
 	if (offset < 0)
-		return NULL;
+		goto cleanup;
 
-	return git_mwindow_open(&p->mwf, w_cursor, offset, 20, left);
+	pack_data = git_mwindow_open(&p->mwf, w_cursor, offset, 20, left);
+
+cleanup:
+	git_mutex_unlock(&p->mwf.lock);
+	git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+	return pack_data;
  }
 
 /*
@@ -373,12 +386,12 @@ static unsigned char *pack_window_open(
  *  - each byte afterwards: low seven bits are size continuation,
  *    with the high bit being "size continues"
  */
-size_t git_packfile__object_header(unsigned char *hdr, size_t size, git_object_t type)
+int git_packfile__object_header(size_t *out, unsigned char *hdr, size_t size, git_object_t type)
 {
 	unsigned char *hdr_base;
 	unsigned char c;
 
-	assert(type >= GIT_OBJECT_COMMIT && type <= GIT_OBJECT_REF_DELTA);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(type >= GIT_OBJECT_COMMIT && type <= GIT_OBJECT_REF_DELTA);
 
 	/* TODO: add support for chunked objects; see git.git 6c0d19b1 */
 
@@ -393,7 +406,8 @@ size_t git_packfile__object_header(unsigned char *hdr, size_t size, git_object_t
 	}
 	*hdr++ = c;
 
-	return (hdr - hdr_base);
+	*out = (hdr - hdr_base);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -437,14 +451,27 @@ static int packfile_unpack_header1(
 int git_packfile_unpack_header(
 		size_t *size_p,
 		git_object_t *type_p,
-		git_mwindow_file *mwf,
+		struct git_pack_file *p,
 		git_mwindow **w_curs,
 		off64_t *curpos)
 {
 	unsigned char *base;
 	unsigned int left;
 	unsigned long used;
-	int ret;
+	int error;
+
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&p->lock)) < 0)
+		return error;
+	if ((error = git_mutex_lock(&p->mwf.lock)) < 0) {
+		git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	if (p->mwf.fd == -1 && (error = packfile_open_locked(p)) < 0) {
+		git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+		git_mutex_unlock(&p->mwf.lock);
+		return error;
+	}
 
 	/* pack_window_open() assures us we have [base, base + 20) available
 	 * as a range that we can look at at. (Its actually the hash
@@ -452,16 +479,17 @@ int git_packfile_unpack_header(
 	 * the maximum deflated object size is 2^137, which is just
 	 * insane, so we know won't exceed what we have been given.
 	 */
-/*	base = pack_window_open(p, w_curs, *curpos, &left); */
-	base = git_mwindow_open(mwf, w_curs, *curpos, 20, &left);
+	base = git_mwindow_open(&p->mwf, w_curs, *curpos, 20, &left);
+	git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+	git_mutex_unlock(&p->mwf.lock);
 	if (base == NULL)
 		return GIT_EBUFS;
 
-	ret = packfile_unpack_header1(&used, size_p, type_p, base, left);
+	error = packfile_unpack_header1(&used, size_p, type_p, base, left);
 	git_mwindow_close(w_curs);
-	if (ret == GIT_EBUFS)
-		return ret;
-	else if (ret < 0)
+	if (error == GIT_EBUFS)
+		return error;
+	else if (error < 0)
 		return packfile_error("header length is zero");
 
 	*curpos += used;
@@ -481,7 +509,27 @@ int git_packfile_resolve_header(
 	off64_t base_offset;
 	int error;
 
-	error = git_packfile_unpack_header(&size, &type, &p->mwf, &w_curs, &curpos);
+	error = git_mutex_lock(&p->lock);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to lock packfile reader");
+		return error;
+	}
+	error = git_mutex_lock(&p->mwf.lock);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to lock packfile reader");
+		git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	if (p->mwf.fd == -1 && (error = packfile_open_locked(p)) < 0) {
+		git_mutex_unlock(&p->mwf.lock);
+		git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+		return error;
+	}
+	git_mutex_unlock(&p->mwf.lock);
+	git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+
+	error = git_packfile_unpack_header(&size, &type, p, &w_curs, &curpos);
 	if (error < 0)
 		return error;
 
@@ -489,8 +537,12 @@ int git_packfile_resolve_header(
 		size_t base_size;
 		git_packfile_stream stream;
 
-		base_offset = get_delta_base(p, &w_curs, &curpos, type, offset);
+		error = get_delta_base(&base_offset, p, &w_curs, &curpos, type, offset);
 		git_mwindow_close(&w_curs);
+
+		if (error < 0)
+			return error;
+
 		if ((error = git_packfile_stream_open(&stream, p, curpos)) < 0)
 			return error;
 		error = git_delta_read_header_fromstream(&base_size, size_p, &stream);
@@ -504,13 +556,17 @@ int git_packfile_resolve_header(
 
 	while (type == GIT_OBJECT_OFS_DELTA || type == GIT_OBJECT_REF_DELTA) {
 		curpos = base_offset;
-		error = git_packfile_unpack_header(&size, &type, &p->mwf, &w_curs, &curpos);
+		error = git_packfile_unpack_header(&size, &type, p, &w_curs, &curpos);
 		if (error < 0)
 			return error;
 		if (type != GIT_OBJECT_OFS_DELTA && type != GIT_OBJECT_REF_DELTA)
 			break;
-		base_offset = get_delta_base(p, &w_curs, &curpos, type, base_offset);
+
+		error = get_delta_base(&base_offset, p, &w_curs, &curpos, type, base_offset);
 		git_mwindow_close(&w_curs);
+
+		if (error < 0)
+			return error;
 	}
 	*type_p = type;
 
@@ -571,8 +627,7 @@ static int pack_dependency_chain(git_dependency_chain *chain_out,
 
 		elem->base_key = obj_offset;
 
-		error = git_packfile_unpack_header(&size, &type, &p->mwf, &w_curs, &curpos);
-
+		error = git_packfile_unpack_header(&size, &type, p, &w_curs, &curpos);
 		if (error < 0)
 			goto on_error;
 
@@ -584,17 +639,11 @@ static int pack_dependency_chain(git_dependency_chain *chain_out,
 		if (type != GIT_OBJECT_OFS_DELTA && type != GIT_OBJECT_REF_DELTA)
 			break;
 
-		base_offset = get_delta_base(p, &w_curs, &curpos, type, obj_offset);
+		error = get_delta_base(&base_offset, p, &w_curs, &curpos, type, obj_offset);
 		git_mwindow_close(&w_curs);
 
-		if (base_offset == 0) {
-			error = packfile_error("delta offset is zero");
-			goto on_error;
-		}
-		if (base_offset < 0) { /* must actually be an error code */
-			error = (int)base_offset;
+		if (error < 0)
 			goto on_error;
-		}
 
 		/* we need to pass the pos *after* the delta-base bit */
 		elem->offset = curpos;
@@ -629,6 +678,25 @@ int git_packfile_unpack(
 	size_t stack_size = 0, elem_pos, alloclen;
 	git_object_t base_type;
 
+	error = git_mutex_lock(&p->lock);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to lock packfile reader");
+		return error;
+	}
+	error = git_mutex_lock(&p->mwf.lock);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to lock packfile reader");
+		git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	if (p->mwf.fd == -1)
+		error = packfile_open_locked(p);
+	git_mutex_unlock(&p->mwf.lock);
+	git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
 	/*
 	 * TODO: optionally check the CRC on the packfile
 	 */
@@ -691,7 +759,7 @@ int git_packfile_unpack(
 		GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(obj->data);
 
 		memcpy(obj->data, data, obj->len + 1);
-		git_atomic_dec(&cached->refcount);
+		git_atomic32_dec(&cached->refcount);
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
@@ -739,7 +807,7 @@ int git_packfile_unpack(
 		}
 
 		if (cached) {
-			git_atomic_dec(&cached->refcount);
+			git_atomic32_dec(&cached->refcount);
 			cached = NULL;
 		}
 
@@ -753,7 +821,7 @@ cleanup:
 	if (error < 0) {
 		git__free(obj->data);
 		if (cached)
-			git_atomic_dec(&cached->refcount);
+			git_atomic32_dec(&cached->refcount);
 	}
 
 	if (elem)
@@ -840,10 +908,13 @@ static int packfile_unpack_compressed(
 
 	do {
 		size_t bytes = buffer_len - total;
-		unsigned int window_len;
+		unsigned int window_len, consumed;
 		unsigned char *in;
 
-		in = pack_window_open(p, mwindow, *position, &window_len);
+		if ((in = pack_window_open(p, mwindow, *position, &window_len)) == NULL) {
+			error = -1;
+			goto out;
+		}
 
 		if ((error = git_zstream_set_input(&zstream, in, window_len)) < 0 ||
 		    (error = git_zstream_get_output_chunk(data + total, &bytes, &zstream)) < 0) {
@@ -853,9 +924,17 @@ static int packfile_unpack_compressed(
 
 		git_mwindow_close(mwindow);
 
-		*position += window_len - zstream.in_len;
+		consumed = window_len - (unsigned int)zstream.in_len;
+
+		if (!bytes && !consumed) {
+			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ZLIB, "error inflating zlib stream");
+			error = -1;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		*position += consumed;
 		total += bytes;
-	} while (total < size);
+	} while (!git_zstream_eos(&zstream));
 
 	if (total != size || !git_zstream_eos(&zstream)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ZLIB, "error inflating zlib stream");
@@ -879,18 +958,21 @@ out:
  * curpos is where the data starts, delta_obj_offset is the where the
  * header starts
  */
-off64_t get_delta_base(
-	struct git_pack_file *p,
-	git_mwindow **w_curs,
-	off64_t *curpos,
-	git_object_t type,
-	off64_t delta_obj_offset)
+int get_delta_base(
+		off64_t *delta_base_out,
+		struct git_pack_file *p,
+		git_mwindow **w_curs,
+		off64_t *curpos,
+		git_object_t type,
+		off64_t delta_obj_offset)
 {
 	unsigned int left = 0;
 	unsigned char *base_info;
 	off64_t base_offset;
 	git_oid unused;
 
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(delta_base_out);
+
 	base_info = pack_window_open(p, w_curs, *curpos, &left);
 	/* Assumption: the only reason this would fail is because the file is too small */
 	if (base_info == NULL)
@@ -910,12 +992,12 @@ off64_t get_delta_base(
 				return GIT_EBUFS;
 			unsigned_base_offset += 1;
 			if (!unsigned_base_offset || MSB(unsigned_base_offset, 7))
-				return 0; /* overflow */
+				return packfile_error("overflow");
 			c = base_info[used++];
 			unsigned_base_offset = (unsigned_base_offset << 7) + (c & 127);
 		}
 		if (unsigned_base_offset == 0 || (size_t)delta_obj_offset <= unsigned_base_offset)
-			return 0; /* out of bound */
+			return packfile_error("out of bounds");
 		base_offset = delta_obj_offset - unsigned_base_offset;
 		*curpos += used;
 	} else if (type == GIT_OBJECT_REF_DELTA) {
@@ -926,8 +1008,12 @@ off64_t get_delta_base(
 
 			git_oid_fromraw(&oid, base_info);
 			if ((entry = git_oidmap_get(p->idx_cache, &oid)) != NULL) {
+				if (entry->offset == 0)
+					return packfile_error("delta offset is zero");
+
 				*curpos += 20;
-				return entry->offset;
+				*delta_base_out = entry->offset;
+				return 0;
 			} else {
 				/* If we're building an index, don't try to find the pack
 				 * entry; we just haven't seen it yet.  We'll make
@@ -942,9 +1028,13 @@ off64_t get_delta_base(
 			return packfile_error("base entry delta is not in the same pack");
 		*curpos += 20;
 	} else
-		return 0;
+		return packfile_error("unknown object type");
+
+	if (base_offset == 0)
+		return packfile_error("delta offset is zero");
 
-	return base_offset;
+	*delta_base_out = base_offset;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /***********************************************************
@@ -953,63 +1043,63 @@ off64_t get_delta_base(
  *
  ***********************************************************/
 
-void git_packfile_close(struct git_pack_file *p, bool unlink_packfile)
+void git_packfile_free(struct git_pack_file *p, bool unlink_packfile)
 {
+	bool locked = true;
+
+	if (!p)
+		return;
+
+	cache_free(&p->bases);
+
+	if (git_mutex_lock(&p->lock) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to lock packfile");
+		locked = false;
+	}
 	if (p->mwf.fd >= 0) {
-		git_mwindow_free_all_locked(&p->mwf);
+		git_mwindow_free_all(&p->mwf);
 		p_close(p->mwf.fd);
 		p->mwf.fd = -1;
 	}
+	if (locked)
+		git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
 
 	if (unlink_packfile)
 		p_unlink(p->pack_name);
-}
-
-void git_packfile_free(struct git_pack_file *p)
-{
-	if (!p)
-		return;
-
-	cache_free(&p->bases);
-
-	git_packfile_close(p, false);
 
 	pack_index_free(p);
 
 	git__free(p->bad_object_sha1);
 
-	git_mutex_free(&p->lock);
 	git_mutex_free(&p->bases.lock);
+	git_mutex_free(&p->mwf.lock);
+	git_mutex_free(&p->lock);
 	git__free(p);
 }
 
-static int packfile_open(struct git_pack_file *p)
+/* Run with the packfile and mwf locks held */
+static int packfile_open_locked(struct git_pack_file *p)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 	struct git_pack_header hdr;
 	git_oid sha1;
 	unsigned char *idx_sha1;
 
-	if (p->index_version == -1 && pack_index_open(p) < 0)
+	if (pack_index_open_locked(p) < 0)
 		return git_odb__error_notfound("failed to open packfile", NULL, 0);
 
-	/* if mwf opened by another thread, return now */
-	if (git_mutex_lock(&p->lock) < 0)
-		return packfile_error("failed to get lock for open");
-
-	if (p->mwf.fd >= 0) {
-		git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+	if (p->mwf.fd >= 0)
 		return 0;
-	}
 
 	/* TODO: open with noatime */
 	p->mwf.fd = git_futils_open_ro(p->pack_name);
 	if (p->mwf.fd < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
-	if (p_fstat(p->mwf.fd, &st) < 0 ||
-		git_mwindow_file_register(&p->mwf) < 0)
+	if (p_fstat(p->mwf.fd, &st) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "could not stat packfile");
 		goto cleanup;
+	}
 
 	/* If we created the struct before we had the pack we lack size. */
 	if (!p->mwf.size) {
@@ -1040,8 +1130,7 @@ static int packfile_open(struct git_pack_file *p)
 
 	/* Verify the pack matches its index. */
 	if (p->num_objects != ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries) ||
-		p_lseek(p->mwf.fd, p->mwf.size - GIT_OID_RAWSZ, SEEK_SET) == -1 ||
-		p_read(p->mwf.fd, sha1.id, GIT_OID_RAWSZ) < 0)
+		p_pread(p->mwf.fd, sha1.id, GIT_OID_RAWSZ, p->mwf.size - GIT_OID_RAWSZ) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	idx_sha1 = ((unsigned char *)p->index_map.data) + p->index_map.len - 40;
@@ -1049,7 +1138,9 @@ static int packfile_open(struct git_pack_file *p)
 	if (git_oid__cmp(&sha1, (git_oid *)idx_sha1) != 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
-	git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+	if (git_mwindow_file_register(&p->mwf) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
 	return 0;
 
 cleanup:
@@ -1059,8 +1150,6 @@ cleanup:
 		p_close(p->mwf.fd);
 	p->mwf.fd = -1;
 
-	git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
-
 	return -1;
 }
 
@@ -1130,13 +1219,22 @@ int git_packfile_alloc(struct git_pack_file **pack_out, const char *path)
 	p->mtime = (git_time_t)st.st_mtime;
 	p->index_version = -1;
 
-	if (git_mutex_init(&p->lock)) {
+	if (git_mutex_init(&p->lock) < 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to initialize packfile mutex");
 		git__free(p);
 		return -1;
 	}
 
+	if (git_mutex_init(&p->mwf.lock) < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to initialize packfile window mutex");
+		git_mutex_free(&p->lock);
+		git__free(p);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
 	if (cache_init(&p->bases) < 0) {
+		git_mutex_free(&p->mwf.lock);
+		git_mutex_free(&p->lock);
 		git__free(p);
 		return -1;
 	}
@@ -1152,28 +1250,29 @@ int git_packfile_alloc(struct git_pack_file **pack_out, const char *path)
  *
  ***********************************************************/
 
-static off64_t nth_packed_object_offset(const struct git_pack_file *p, uint32_t n)
+static off64_t nth_packed_object_offset_locked(struct git_pack_file *p, uint32_t n)
 {
-	const unsigned char *index = p->index_map.data;
-	const unsigned char *end = index + p->index_map.len;
+	const unsigned char *index, *end;
+	uint32_t off32;
+
+	index = p->index_map.data;
+	end = index + p->index_map.len;
 	index += 4 * 256;
-	if (p->index_version == 1) {
+	if (p->index_version == 1)
 		return ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 24 * n)));
-	} else {
-		uint32_t off;
-		index += 8 + p->num_objects * (20 + 4);
-		off = ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 4 * n)));
-		if (!(off & 0x80000000))
-			return off;
-		index += p->num_objects * 4 + (off & 0x7fffffff) * 8;
-
-		/* Make sure we're not being sent out of bounds */
-		if (index >= end - 8)
-			return -1;
 
-		return (((uint64_t)ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 0)))) << 32) |
-					ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 4)));
-	}
+	index += 8 + p->num_objects * (20 + 4);
+	off32 = ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 4 * n)));
+	if (!(off32 & 0x80000000))
+		return off32;
+	index += p->num_objects * 4 + (off32 & 0x7fffffff) * 8;
+
+	/* Make sure we're not being sent out of bounds */
+	if (index >= end - 8)
+		return -1;
+
+	return (((uint64_t)ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 0)))) << 32) |
+				ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(index + 4)));
 }
 
 static int git__memcmp4(const void *a, const void *b) {
@@ -1185,33 +1284,40 @@ int git_pack_foreach_entry(
 	git_odb_foreach_cb cb,
 	void *data)
 {
-	const unsigned char *index = p->index_map.data, *current;
+	const unsigned char *index, *current;
 	uint32_t i;
 	int error = 0;
+	git_array_oid_t oids = GIT_ARRAY_INIT;
+	git_oid *oid;
 
-	if (index == NULL) {
-		if ((error = pack_index_open(p)) < 0)
-			return error;
-
-		assert(p->index_map.data);
+	if (git_mutex_lock(&p->lock) < 0)
+		return packfile_error("failed to get lock for git_pack_foreach_entry");
 
-		index = p->index_map.data;
+	if ((error = pack_index_open_locked(p)) < 0) {
+		git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+		return error;
 	}
 
-	if (p->index_version > 1) {
+	GIT_ASSERT(p->index_map.data);
+	index = p->index_map.data;
+
+	if (p->index_version > 1)
 		index += 8;
-	}
 
 	index += 4 * 256;
 
 	if (p->oids == NULL) {
 		git_vector offsets, oids;
 
-		if ((error = git_vector_init(&oids, p->num_objects, NULL)))
+		if ((error = git_vector_init(&oids, p->num_objects, NULL))) {
+			git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
 			return error;
+		}
 
-		if ((error = git_vector_init(&offsets, p->num_objects, git__memcmp4)))
+		if ((error = git_vector_init(&offsets, p->num_objects, git__memcmp4))) {
+			git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
 			return error;
+		}
 
 		if (p->index_version > 1) {
 			const unsigned char *off = index + 24 * p->num_objects;
@@ -1232,13 +1338,57 @@ int git_pack_foreach_entry(
 		p->oids = (git_oid **)git_vector_detach(NULL, NULL, &oids);
 	}
 
-	for (i = 0; i < p->num_objects; i++)
-		if ((error = cb(p->oids[i], data)) != 0)
-			return git_error_set_after_callback(error);
+	/* We need to copy the OIDs to another array before we relinquish the lock to avoid races. */
+	git_array_init_to_size(oids, p->num_objects);
+	if (!oids.ptr) {
+		git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+		git_array_clear(oids);
+		GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ARRAY(oids);
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < p->num_objects; i++) {
+		oid = git_array_alloc(oids);
+		if (!oid) {
+			git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+			git_array_clear(oids);
+			GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(oid);
+		}
+		git_oid_cpy(oid, p->oids[i]);
+	}
+
+	git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+
+	git_array_foreach(oids, i, oid) {
+		if ((error = cb(oid, data)) != 0) {
+			git_error_set_after_callback(error);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
 
+	git_array_clear(oids);
 	return error;
 }
 
+int git_pack__lookup_sha1(const void *oid_lookup_table, size_t stride, unsigned lo,
+		unsigned hi, const unsigned char *oid_prefix)
+{
+	const unsigned char *base = oid_lookup_table;
+
+	while (lo < hi) {
+		unsigned mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
+		int cmp = git_oid__hashcmp(base + mi * stride, oid_prefix);
+
+		if (!cmp)
+			return mi;
+
+		if (cmp > 0)
+			hi = mi;
+		else
+			lo = mi+1;
+	}
+
+	return -((int)lo)-1;
+}
+
 static int pack_entry_find_offset(
 	off64_t *offset_out,
 	git_oid *found_oid,
@@ -1252,17 +1402,17 @@ static int pack_entry_find_offset(
 	int pos, found = 0;
 	off64_t offset;
 	const unsigned char *current = 0;
+	int error = 0;
 
 	*offset_out = 0;
 
-	if (p->index_version == -1) {
-		int error;
+	if (git_mutex_lock(&p->lock) < 0)
+		return packfile_error("failed to get lock for pack_entry_find_offset");
 
-		if ((error = pack_index_open(p)) < 0)
-			return error;
-		assert(p->index_map.data);
-	}
+	if ((error = pack_index_open_locked(p)) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
 
+	GIT_ASSERT(p->index_map.data);
 	index = p->index_map.data;
 	level1_ofs = p->index_map.data;
 
@@ -1287,7 +1437,7 @@ static int pack_entry_find_offset(
 		short_oid->id[0], short_oid->id[1], short_oid->id[2], lo, hi, p->num_objects);
 #endif
 
-	pos = sha1_position(index, stride, lo, hi, short_oid->id);
+	pos = git_pack__lookup_sha1(index, stride, lo, hi, short_oid->id);
 
 	if (pos >= 0) {
 		/* An object matching exactly the oid was found */
@@ -1314,14 +1464,19 @@ static int pack_entry_find_offset(
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!found)
-		return git_odb__error_notfound("failed to find offset for pack entry", short_oid, len);
-	if (found > 1)
-		return git_odb__error_ambiguous("found multiple offsets for pack entry");
+	if (!found) {
+		error = git_odb__error_notfound("failed to find offset for pack entry", short_oid, len);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+	if (found > 1) {
+		error = git_odb__error_ambiguous("found multiple offsets for pack entry");
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
 
-	if ((offset = nth_packed_object_offset(p, pos)) < 0) {
+	if ((offset = nth_packed_object_offset_locked(p, pos)) < 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_ODB, "packfile index is corrupt");
-		return -1;
+		error = -1;
+		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
 	*offset_out = offset;
@@ -1336,7 +1491,9 @@ static int pack_entry_find_offset(
 	}
 #endif
 
-	return 0;
+cleanup:
+	git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+	return error;
 }
 
 int git_pack_entry_find(
@@ -1349,7 +1506,7 @@ int git_pack_entry_find(
 	git_oid found_oid;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(p);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(p);
 
 	if (len == GIT_OID_HEXSZ && p->num_bad_objects) {
 		unsigned i;
@@ -1362,10 +1519,26 @@ int git_pack_entry_find(
 	if (error < 0)
 		return error;
 
+	error = git_mutex_lock(&p->lock);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to lock packfile reader");
+		return error;
+	}
+	error = git_mutex_lock(&p->mwf.lock);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to lock packfile reader");
+		return error;
+	}
+
 	/* we found a unique entry in the index;
 	 * make sure the packfile backing the index
 	 * still exists on disk */
-	if (p->mwf.fd == -1 && (error = packfile_open(p)) < 0)
+	if (p->mwf.fd == -1)
+		error = packfile_open_locked(p);
+	git_mutex_unlock(&p->mwf.lock);
+	git_mutex_unlock(&p->lock);
+	if (error < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	e->offset = offset;
diff --git a/src/pack.h b/src/pack.h
index a6a32ff..1d07724 100644
--- a/src/pack.h
+++ b/src/pack.h
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ struct git_pack_idx_header {
 
 typedef struct git_pack_cache_entry {
 	size_t last_usage; /* enough? */
-	git_atomic refcount;
+	git_atomic32 refcount;
 	git_rawobj raw;
 } git_pack_cache_entry;
 
@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ typedef struct {
 struct git_pack_file {
 	git_mwindow_file mwf;
 	git_map index_map;
-	git_mutex lock; /* protect updates to mwf and index_map */
-	git_atomic refcount;
+	git_mutex lock; /* protect updates to index_map */
+	git_atomic32 refcount;
 
 	uint32_t num_objects;
 	uint32_t num_bad_objects;
@@ -106,6 +106,19 @@ struct git_pack_file {
 	char pack_name[GIT_FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
+/**
+ * Return the position where an OID (or a prefix) would be inserted within the
+ * OID Lookup Table of an .idx file. This performs binary search between the lo
+ * and hi indices.
+ *
+ * The stride parameter is provided because .idx files version 1 store the OIDs
+ * interleaved with the 4-byte file offsets of the objects within the .pack
+ * file (stride = 24), whereas files with version 2 store them in a contiguous
+ * flat array (stride = 20).
+ */
+int git_pack__lookup_sha1(const void *oid_lookup_table, size_t stride, unsigned lo,
+		unsigned hi, const unsigned char *oid_prefix);
+
 struct git_pack_entry {
 	off64_t offset;
 	git_oid sha1;
@@ -120,14 +133,14 @@ typedef struct git_packfile_stream {
 	git_mwindow *mw;
 } git_packfile_stream;
 
-size_t git_packfile__object_header(unsigned char *hdr, size_t size, git_object_t type);
+int git_packfile__object_header(size_t *out, unsigned char *hdr, size_t size, git_object_t type);
 
 int git_packfile__name(char **out, const char *path);
 
 int git_packfile_unpack_header(
 		size_t *size_p,
 		git_object_t *type_p,
-		git_mwindow_file *mwf,
+		struct git_pack_file *p,
 		git_mwindow **w_curs,
 		off64_t *curpos);
 
@@ -143,12 +156,15 @@ int git_packfile_stream_open(git_packfile_stream *obj, struct git_pack_file *p, 
 ssize_t git_packfile_stream_read(git_packfile_stream *obj, void *buffer, size_t len);
 void git_packfile_stream_dispose(git_packfile_stream *obj);
 
-off64_t get_delta_base(struct git_pack_file *p, git_mwindow **w_curs,
-		off64_t *curpos, git_object_t type,
+int get_delta_base(
+		off64_t *delta_base_out,
+		struct git_pack_file *p,
+		git_mwindow **w_curs,
+		off64_t *curpos,
+		git_object_t type,
 		off64_t delta_obj_offset);
 
-void git_packfile_close(struct git_pack_file *p, bool unlink_packfile);
-void git_packfile_free(struct git_pack_file *p);
+void git_packfile_free(struct git_pack_file *p, bool unlink_packfile);
 int git_packfile_alloc(struct git_pack_file **pack_out, const char *path);
 
 int git_pack_entry_find(
diff --git a/src/patch.c b/src/patch.c
index 82181bb..f02c928 100644
--- a/src/patch.c
+++ b/src/patch.c
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ size_t git_patch_size(
 {
 	size_t out;
 
-	assert(patch);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(patch);
 
 	out = patch->content_size;
 
@@ -129,13 +129,13 @@ int git_patch_line_stats(
 
 const git_diff_delta *git_patch_get_delta(const git_patch *patch)
 {
-	assert(patch);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(patch, NULL);
 	return patch->delta;
 }
 
 size_t git_patch_num_hunks(const git_patch *patch)
 {
-	assert(patch);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(patch);
 	return git_array_size(patch->hunks);
 }
 
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ int git_patch_get_hunk(
 	size_t hunk_idx)
 {
 	git_patch_hunk *hunk;
-	assert(patch);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(patch);
 
 	hunk = git_array_get(patch->hunks, hunk_idx);
 
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ int git_patch_get_hunk(
 int git_patch_num_lines_in_hunk(const git_patch *patch, size_t hunk_idx)
 {
 	git_patch_hunk *hunk;
-	assert(patch);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(patch);
 
 	if (!(hunk = git_array_get(patch->hunks, hunk_idx)))
 		return patch_error_outofrange("hunk");
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ int git_patch_get_line_in_hunk(
 	git_patch_hunk *hunk;
 	git_diff_line *line;
 
-	assert(patch);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(patch);
 
 	if (!(hunk = git_array_get(patch->hunks, hunk_idx))) {
 		if (out) *out = NULL;
@@ -204,9 +204,16 @@ int git_patch_get_line_in_hunk(
 	return 0;
 }
 
+git_repository *git_patch_owner(const git_patch *patch)
+{
+	return patch->repo;
+}
+
 int git_patch_from_diff(git_patch **out, git_diff *diff, size_t idx)
 {
-	assert(out && diff && diff->patch_fn);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff->patch_fn);
 	return diff->patch_fn(out, diff, idx);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/patch_generate.c b/src/patch_generate.c
index 18256d0..38cd714 100644
--- a/src/patch_generate.c
+++ b/src/patch_generate.c
@@ -209,9 +209,7 @@ static int patch_generated_load(git_patch_generated *patch, git_patch_generated_
 
 	if ((error = git_diff_file_content__load(
 			&patch->ofile, &patch->base.diff_opts)) < 0 ||
-		should_skip_binary(patch, patch->ofile.file))
-		goto cleanup;
-	if ((error = git_diff_file_content__load(
+	    (error = git_diff_file_content__load(
 			&patch->nfile, &patch->base.diff_opts)) < 0 ||
 		should_skip_binary(patch, patch->nfile.file))
 		goto cleanup;
@@ -563,7 +561,7 @@ static int patch_from_sources(
 	patch_generated_with_delta *pd;
 	git_xdiff_output xo;
 
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 	*out = NULL;
 
 	if ((error = patch_generated_with_delta_alloc(
@@ -842,7 +840,7 @@ static int patch_generated_line_cb(
 	GIT_UNUSED(hunk_);
 
 	hunk = git_array_last(patch->base.hunks);
-	assert(hunk); /* programmer error if no hunk is available */
+	GIT_ASSERT(hunk); /* programmer error if no hunk is available */
 
 	line = git_array_alloc(patch->base.lines);
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(line);
diff --git a/src/patch_parse.c b/src/patch_parse.c
index 9d089ad..2cc5c59 100644
--- a/src/patch_parse.c
+++ b/src/patch_parse.c
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ static int parse_header_git_index(
 		return -1;
 
 	if (git_parse_peek(&c, &ctx->parse_ctx, 0) == 0 && c == ' ') {
-		uint16_t mode;
+		uint16_t mode = 0;
 
 		git_parse_advance_chars(&ctx->parse_ctx, 1);
 
@@ -407,10 +407,12 @@ static const parse_header_transition transitions[] = {
 
 	{ "--- "                , STATE_DIFF,       STATE_PATH,       parse_header_git_oldpath },
 	{ "--- "                , STATE_INDEX,      STATE_PATH,       parse_header_git_oldpath },
+	{ "--- "                , STATE_FILEMODE,   STATE_PATH,       parse_header_git_oldpath },
 	{ "+++ "                , STATE_PATH,       STATE_END,        parse_header_git_newpath },
 	{ "GIT binary patch"    , STATE_INDEX,      STATE_END,        NULL },
 	{ "Binary files "       , STATE_INDEX,      STATE_END,        NULL },
 
+	{ "similarity index "   , STATE_END,        STATE_SIMILARITY, parse_header_similarity },
 	{ "similarity index "   , STATE_DIFF,       STATE_SIMILARITY, parse_header_similarity },
 	{ "dissimilarity index ", STATE_DIFF,       STATE_SIMILARITY, parse_header_dissimilarity },
 	{ "rename from "        , STATE_SIMILARITY, STATE_RENAME,     parse_header_renamefrom },
@@ -940,7 +942,7 @@ static int parse_patch_body(
 		return parse_patch_hunks(patch, ctx);
 }
 
-int check_header_names(
+static int check_header_names(
 	const char *one,
 	const char *two,
 	const char *old_or_new,
@@ -1166,7 +1168,8 @@ int git_patch_parse(
 	size_t start, used;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
diff --git a/src/path.c b/src/path.c
index 625b95c..ec57322 100644
--- a/src/path.c
+++ b/src/path.c
@@ -274,24 +274,6 @@ size_t git_path_basename_offset(git_buf *buffer)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-const char *git_path_topdir(const char *path)
-{
-	size_t len;
-	ssize_t i;
-
-	assert(path);
-	len = strlen(path);
-
-	if (!len || path[len - 1] != '/')
-		return NULL;
-
-	for (i = (ssize_t)len - 2; i >= 0; --i)
-		if (path[i] == '/')
-			break;
-
-	return &path[i + 1];
-}
-
 int git_path_root(const char *path)
 {
 	int offset = 0, prefix_len;
@@ -322,10 +304,12 @@ int git_path_root(const char *path)
 	return -1;	/* Not a real error - signals that path is not rooted */
 }
 
-void git_path_trim_slashes(git_buf *path)
+static void path_trim_slashes(git_buf *path)
 {
 	int ceiling = git_path_root(path->ptr) + 1;
-	assert(ceiling >= 0);
+
+	if (ceiling < 0)
+		return;
 
 	while (path->size > (size_t)ceiling) {
 		if (path->ptr[path->size-1] != '/')
@@ -341,7 +325,8 @@ int git_path_join_unrooted(
 {
 	ssize_t root;
 
-	assert(path && path_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	root = (ssize_t)git_path_root(path);
 
@@ -389,7 +374,8 @@ int git_path_prettify(git_buf *path_out, const char *path, const char *base)
 {
 	char buf[GIT_PATH_MAX];
 
-	assert(path && path_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	/* construct path if needed */
 	if (base != NULL && git_path_root(path) < 0) {
@@ -440,7 +426,9 @@ void git_path_string_to_dir(char* path, size_t size)
 int git__percent_decode(git_buf *decoded_out, const char *input)
 {
 	int len, hi, lo, i;
-	assert(decoded_out && input);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(decoded_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(input);
 
 	len = (int)strlen(input);
 	git_buf_clear(decoded_out);
@@ -501,7 +489,8 @@ int git_path_fromurl(git_buf *local_path_out, const char *file_url)
 {
 	int offset;
 
-	assert(local_path_out && file_url);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(local_path_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file_url);
 
 	if ((offset = local_file_url_prefixlen(file_url)) < 0 ||
 		file_url[offset] == '\0' || file_url[offset] == '/')
@@ -526,7 +515,8 @@ int git_path_walk_up(
 	ssize_t stop = 0, scan;
 	char oldc = '\0';
 
-	assert(path && cb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cb);
 
 	if (ceiling != NULL) {
 		if (git__prefixcmp(path->ptr, ceiling) == 0)
@@ -581,7 +571,7 @@ int git_path_walk_up(
 
 bool git_path_exists(const char *path)
 {
-	assert(path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(path, false);
 	return p_access(path, F_OK) == 0;
 }
 
@@ -598,7 +588,7 @@ bool git_path_isfile(const char *path)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 
-	assert(path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(path, false);
 	if (p_stat(path, &st) < 0)
 		return false;
 
@@ -609,7 +599,7 @@ bool git_path_islink(const char *path)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 
-	assert(path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(path, false);
 	if (p_lstat(path, &st) < 0)
 		return false;
 
@@ -764,15 +754,13 @@ bool git_path_contains_file(git_buf *base, const char *file)
 	return _check_dir_contents(base, file, &git_path_isfile);
 }
 
-int git_path_find_dir(git_buf *dir, const char *path, const char *base)
+int git_path_find_dir(git_buf *dir)
 {
-	int error = git_path_join_unrooted(dir, path, base, NULL);
+	int error = 0;
+	char buf[GIT_PATH_MAX];
 
-	if (!error) {
-		char buf[GIT_PATH_MAX];
-		if (p_realpath(dir->ptr, buf) != NULL)
-			error = git_buf_sets(dir, buf);
-	}
+	if (p_realpath(dir->ptr, buf) != NULL)
+		error = git_buf_sets(dir, buf);
 
 	/* call dirname if this is not a directory */
 	if (!error) /* && git_path_isdir(dir->ptr) == false) */
@@ -1211,7 +1199,8 @@ int git_path_diriter_init(
 	if (is_win7_or_later < 0)
 		is_win7_or_later = git_has_win32_version(6, 1, 0);
 
-	assert(diriter && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diriter);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	memset(diriter, 0, sizeof(git_path_diriter));
 	diriter->handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
@@ -1219,7 +1208,7 @@ int git_path_diriter_init(
 	if (git_buf_puts(&diriter->path_utf8, path) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	git_path_trim_slashes(&diriter->path_utf8);
+	path_trim_slashes(&diriter->path_utf8);
 
 	if (diriter->path_utf8.size == 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_FILESYSTEM, "could not open directory '%s'", path);
@@ -1311,9 +1300,10 @@ int git_path_diriter_filename(
 	size_t *out_len,
 	git_path_diriter *diriter)
 {
-	assert(out && out_len && diriter);
-
-	assert(diriter->path_utf8.size > diriter->parent_utf8_len);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out_len);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diriter);
+	GIT_ASSERT(diriter->path_utf8.size > diriter->parent_utf8_len);
 
 	*out = &diriter->path_utf8.ptr[diriter->parent_utf8_len+1];
 	*out_len = diriter->path_utf8.size - diriter->parent_utf8_len - 1;
@@ -1325,7 +1315,9 @@ int git_path_diriter_fullpath(
 	size_t *out_len,
 	git_path_diriter *diriter)
 {
-	assert(out && out_len && diriter);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out_len);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diriter);
 
 	*out = diriter->path_utf8.ptr;
 	*out_len = diriter->path_utf8.size;
@@ -1334,7 +1326,8 @@ int git_path_diriter_fullpath(
 
 int git_path_diriter_stat(struct stat *out, git_path_diriter *diriter)
 {
-	assert(out && diriter);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diriter);
 
 	return git_win32__file_attribute_to_stat(out,
 		(WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA *)&diriter->current,
@@ -1361,14 +1354,15 @@ int git_path_diriter_init(
 	const char *path,
 	unsigned int flags)
 {
-	assert(diriter && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diriter);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	memset(diriter, 0, sizeof(git_path_diriter));
 
 	if (git_buf_puts(&diriter->path, path) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	git_path_trim_slashes(&diriter->path);
+	path_trim_slashes(&diriter->path);
 
 	if (diriter->path.size == 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_FILESYSTEM, "could not open directory '%s'", path);
@@ -1401,7 +1395,7 @@ int git_path_diriter_next(git_path_diriter *diriter)
 	bool skip_dot = !(diriter->flags & GIT_PATH_DIR_INCLUDE_DOT_AND_DOTDOT);
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(diriter);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diriter);
 
 	errno = 0;
 
@@ -1444,9 +1438,10 @@ int git_path_diriter_filename(
 	size_t *out_len,
 	git_path_diriter *diriter)
 {
-	assert(out && out_len && diriter);
-
-	assert(diriter->path.size > diriter->parent_len);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out_len);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diriter);
+	GIT_ASSERT(diriter->path.size > diriter->parent_len);
 
 	*out = &diriter->path.ptr[diriter->parent_len+1];
 	*out_len = diriter->path.size - diriter->parent_len - 1;
@@ -1458,7 +1453,9 @@ int git_path_diriter_fullpath(
 	size_t *out_len,
 	git_path_diriter *diriter)
 {
-	assert(out && out_len && diriter);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out_len);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diriter);
 
 	*out = diriter->path.ptr;
 	*out_len = diriter->path.size;
@@ -1467,7 +1464,8 @@ int git_path_diriter_fullpath(
 
 int git_path_diriter_stat(struct stat *out, git_path_diriter *diriter)
 {
-	assert(out && diriter);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diriter);
 
 	return git_path_lstat(diriter->path.ptr, out);
 }
@@ -1503,7 +1501,8 @@ int git_path_dirload(
 	char *dup;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(contents && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(contents);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	if ((error = git_path_diriter_init(&iter, path, flags)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -1512,7 +1511,7 @@ int git_path_dirload(
 		if ((error = git_path_diriter_fullpath(&name, &name_len, &iter)) < 0)
 			break;
 
-		assert(name_len > prefix_len);
+		GIT_ASSERT(name_len > prefix_len);
 
 		dup = git__strndup(name + prefix_len, name_len - prefix_len);
 		GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(dup);
@@ -1561,8 +1560,8 @@ GIT_INLINE(bool) verify_dospath(
 static int32_t next_hfs_char(const char **in, size_t *len)
 {
 	while (*len) {
-		int32_t codepoint;
-		int cp_len = git__utf8_iterate((const uint8_t *)(*in), (int)(*len), &codepoint);
+		uint32_t codepoint;
+		int cp_len = git_utf8_iterate(&codepoint, *in, *len);
 		if (cp_len < 0)
 			return -1;
 
@@ -1594,7 +1593,7 @@ static int32_t next_hfs_char(const char **in, size_t *len)
 		 * the ASCII range, which is perfectly fine, because the
 		 * git folder name can only be composed of ascii characters
 		 */
-		return git__tolower(codepoint);
+		return git__tolower((int)codepoint);
 	}
 	return 0; /* NULL byte -- end of string */
 }
@@ -1876,7 +1875,7 @@ GIT_INLINE(unsigned int) dotgit_flags(
 	return flags;
 }
 
-bool git_path_isvalid(
+bool git_path_validate(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	const char *path,
 	uint16_t mode,
@@ -1903,6 +1902,52 @@ bool git_path_isvalid(
 	return verify_component(repo, start, (c - start), mode, flags);
 }
 
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+GIT_INLINE(bool) should_validate_longpaths(git_repository *repo)
+{
+	int longpaths = 0;
+
+	if (repo &&
+	    git_repository__configmap_lookup(&longpaths, repo, GIT_CONFIGMAP_LONGPATHS) < 0)
+		longpaths = 0;
+
+	return (longpaths == 0);
+}
+
+#else
+
+GIT_INLINE(bool) should_validate_longpaths(git_repository *repo)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(repo);
+
+	return false;
+}
+#endif
+
+int git_path_validate_workdir(git_repository *repo, const char *path)
+{
+	if (should_validate_longpaths(repo))
+		return git_path_validate_filesystem(path, strlen(path));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_path_validate_workdir_with_len(
+	git_repository *repo,
+	const char *path,
+	size_t path_len)
+{
+	if (should_validate_longpaths(repo))
+		return git_path_validate_filesystem(path, path_len);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_path_validate_workdir_buf(git_repository *repo, git_buf *path)
+{
+	return git_path_validate_workdir_with_len(repo, path->ptr, path->size);
+}
+
 int git_path_normalize_slashes(git_buf *out, const char *path)
 {
 	int error;
@@ -2045,7 +2090,7 @@ int git_path_validate_system_file_ownership(const char *path)
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "programdata configuration file owner is not valid");
 		ret = GIT_ERROR;
 	}
-	free(info);
+	git__free(info);
 
 cleanup:
 	if (descriptor)
diff --git a/src/path.h b/src/path.h
index ed6b935..dcf5652 100644
--- a/src/path.h
+++ b/src/path.h
@@ -67,8 +67,6 @@ extern int git_path_basename_r(git_buf *buffer, const char *path);
  */
 extern size_t git_path_basename_offset(git_buf *buffer);
 
-extern const char *git_path_topdir(const char *path);
-
 /**
  * Find offset to root of path if path has one.
  *
@@ -285,7 +283,7 @@ extern int git_path_prettify_dir(git_buf *path_out, const char *path, const char
  * appends the trailing '/'.  If the path does not exist, it is
  * treated like a regular filename.
  */
-extern int git_path_find_dir(git_buf *dir, const char *path, const char *base);
+extern int git_path_find_dir(git_buf *dir);
 
 /**
  * Resolve relative references within a path.
@@ -628,21 +626,96 @@ extern int git_path_from_url_or_path(git_buf *local_path_out, const char *url_or
 #define GIT_PATH_REJECT_INDEX_DEFAULTS \
 	GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL | GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT
 
-/*
- * Determine whether a path is a valid git path or not - this must not contain
+/**
+ * Validate a "bare" git path.  This ensures that the given path is legal
+ * to place in the index or a tree.  This should be checked by mechanisms
+ * like `git_index_add` and `git_treebuilder_insert` when taking user
+ * data, and by `git_checkout` before constructing on-disk paths.
+ *
+ * This will ensure that a git path does not contain any "unsafe" components,
  * a '.' or '..' component, or a component that is ".git" (in any case).
  *
+ * (Note: if you take or construct an on-disk path -- a workdir path,
+ * a path to a git repository or a reference name that could be a loose
+ * ref -- you should _also_ validate that with `git_path_validate_workdir`.)
+ *
  * `repo` is optional.  If specified, it will be used to determine the short
  * path name to reject (if `GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_SHORTNAME` is specified),
  * in addition to the default of "git~1".
  */
-extern bool git_path_isvalid(
+extern bool git_path_validate(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	const char *path,
 	uint16_t mode,
 	unsigned int flags);
 
 /**
+ * Validate an on-disk path, taking into account that it will have a
+ * suffix appended (eg, `.lock`).
+ */
+GIT_INLINE(int) git_path_validate_filesystem_with_suffix(
+	const char *path,
+	size_t path_len,
+	size_t suffix_len)
+{
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+	size_t path_chars, total_chars;
+
+	path_chars = git_utf8_char_length(path, path_len);
+
+	if (GIT_ADD_SIZET_OVERFLOW(&total_chars, path_chars, suffix_len) ||
+	    total_chars > MAX_PATH) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_FILESYSTEM, "path too long: '%s'", path);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+#else
+	GIT_UNUSED(path);
+	GIT_UNUSED(path_len);
+	GIT_UNUSED(suffix_len);
+	return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validate an path on the filesystem.  This ensures that the given
+ * path is valid for the operating system/platform; for example, this
+ * will ensure that the given absolute path is smaller than MAX_PATH on
+ * Windows.
+ *
+ * For paths within the working directory, you should use ensure that
+ * `core.longpaths` is obeyed.  Use `git_path_validate_workdir`.
+ */
+GIT_INLINE(int) git_path_validate_filesystem(
+	const char *path,
+	size_t path_len)
+{
+	return git_path_validate_filesystem_with_suffix(path, path_len, 0);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validate a path relative to the repo's worktree.  This ensures that
+ * the given working tree path is valid for the operating system/platform.
+ * This will ensure that an absolute path is smaller than MAX_PATH on
+ * Windows, while keeping `core.longpaths` configuration settings in mind.
+ *
+ * This should be checked by mechamisms like `git_checkout` after
+ * contructing on-disk paths and before trying to write them.
+ *
+ * If the repository is null, no repository configuration is applied.
+ */
+extern int git_path_validate_workdir(
+	git_repository *repo,
+	const char *path);
+extern int git_path_validate_workdir_with_len(
+	git_repository *repo,
+	const char *path,
+	size_t path_len);
+extern int git_path_validate_workdir_buf(
+	git_repository *repo,
+	git_buf *buf);
+
+/**
  * Convert any backslashes into slashes
  */
 int git_path_normalize_slashes(git_buf *out, const char *path);
diff --git a/src/pathspec.c b/src/pathspec.c
index 19ea9eb..8f1bdf0 100644
--- a/src/pathspec.c
+++ b/src/pathspec.c
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 
 #include "git2/pathspec.h"
 #include "git2/diff.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 #include "attr_file.h"
 #include "iterator.h"
 #include "repository.h"
@@ -25,7 +24,7 @@ char *git_pathspec_prefix(const git_strarray *pathspec)
 	const char *scan;
 
 	if (!pathspec || !pathspec->count ||
-		git_buf_text_common_prefix(&prefix, pathspec) < 0)
+		git_buf_common_prefix(&prefix, pathspec) < 0)
 		return NULL;
 
 	/* diff prefix will only be leading non-wildcards */
@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ char *git_pathspec_prefix(const git_strarray *pathspec)
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	git_buf_text_unescape(&prefix);
+	git_buf_unescape(&prefix);
 
 	return git_buf_detach(&prefix);
 }
@@ -238,9 +237,9 @@ int git_pathspec__init(git_pathspec *ps, const git_strarray *paths)
 	memset(ps, 0, sizeof(*ps));
 
 	ps->prefix = git_pathspec_prefix(paths);
-	git_pool_init(&ps->pool, 1);
 
-	if ((error = git_pathspec__vinit(&ps->pathspec, paths, &ps->pool)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_pool_init(&ps->pool, 1)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_pathspec__vinit(&ps->pathspec, paths, &ps->pool)) < 0)
 		git_pathspec__clear(ps);
 
 	return error;
@@ -289,7 +288,8 @@ int git_pathspec_matches_path(
 	bool no_fnmatch = (flags & GIT_PATHSPEC_NO_GLOB) != 0;
 	bool casefold =  (flags & GIT_PATHSPEC_IGNORE_CASE) != 0;
 
-	assert(ps && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ps);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	return (0 != git_pathspec__match(
 		&ps->pathspec, path, no_fnmatch, casefold, NULL, NULL));
@@ -316,7 +316,8 @@ static git_pathspec_match_list *pathspec_match_alloc(
 	if (!m)
 		return NULL;
 
-	git_pool_init(&m->pool, 1);
+	if (git_pool_init(&m->pool, 1) < 0)
+		return NULL;
 
 	/* need to keep reference to pathspec and increment refcount because
 	 * failures array stores pointers to the pattern strings of the
@@ -525,7 +526,7 @@ int git_pathspec_match_workdir(
 	git_iterator_options iter_opts = GIT_ITERATOR_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	iter_opts.flags = pathspec_match_iter_flags(flags);
 
@@ -547,7 +548,7 @@ int git_pathspec_match_index(
 	git_iterator_options iter_opts = GIT_ITERATOR_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
 
 	iter_opts.flags = pathspec_match_iter_flags(flags);
 
@@ -569,7 +570,7 @@ int git_pathspec_match_tree(
 	git_iterator_options iter_opts = GIT_ITERATOR_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(tree);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tree);
 
 	iter_opts.flags = pathspec_match_iter_flags(flags);
 
@@ -597,7 +598,7 @@ int git_pathspec_match_diff(
 	const git_diff_delta *delta, **match;
 	git_bitvec used_patterns;
 
-	assert(diff);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(diff);
 
 	if (git_bitvec_init(&used_patterns, patterns->length) < 0)
 		return -1;
diff --git a/src/pool.c b/src/pool.c
index b3bc8d4..16ffa39 100644
--- a/src/pool.c
+++ b/src/pool.c
@@ -21,30 +21,29 @@ struct git_pool_page {
 
 static void *pool_alloc_page(git_pool *pool, size_t size);
 
-size_t git_pool__system_page_size(void)
-{
-	static size_t size = 0;
+#ifndef GIT_DEBUG_POOL
 
-	if (!size) {
-		size_t page_size;
-		if (git__page_size(&page_size) < 0)
-			page_size = 4096;
-		/* allow space for malloc overhead */
-		size = (page_size - (2 * sizeof(void *)) - sizeof(git_pool_page));
-	}
+static size_t system_page_size = 0;
 
-	return size;
+int git_pool_global_init(void)
+{
+	if (git__page_size(&system_page_size) < 0)
+		system_page_size = 4096;
+	/* allow space for malloc overhead */
+	system_page_size -= (2 * sizeof(void *)) + sizeof(git_pool_page);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-#ifndef GIT_DEBUG_POOL
-void git_pool_init(git_pool *pool, size_t item_size)
+int git_pool_init(git_pool *pool, size_t item_size)
 {
-	assert(pool);
-	assert(item_size >= 1);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(pool);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(item_size >= 1);
 
 	memset(pool, 0, sizeof(git_pool));
 	pool->item_size = item_size;
-	pool->page_size = git_pool__system_page_size();
+	pool->page_size = system_page_size;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 void git_pool_clear(git_pool *pool)
@@ -112,6 +111,11 @@ bool git_pool__ptr_in_pool(git_pool *pool, void *ptr)
 
 #else
 
+int git_pool_global_init(void)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int git_pool__ptr_cmp(const void * a, const void * b)
 {
 	if(a > b) {
@@ -125,15 +129,17 @@ static int git_pool__ptr_cmp(const void * a, const void * b)
 	}
 }
 
-void git_pool_init(git_pool *pool, size_t item_size)
+int git_pool_init(git_pool *pool, size_t item_size)
 {
-	assert(pool);
-	assert(item_size >= 1);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(pool);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(item_size >= 1);
 
 	memset(pool, 0, sizeof(git_pool));
 	pool->item_size = item_size;
 	pool->page_size = git_pool__system_page_size();
 	git_vector_init(&pool->allocations, 100, git_pool__ptr_cmp);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 void git_pool_clear(git_pool *pool)
@@ -199,7 +205,9 @@ char *git_pool_strndup(git_pool *pool, const char *str, size_t n)
 {
 	char *ptr = NULL;
 
-	assert(pool && str && pool->item_size == sizeof(char));
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(pool, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(str, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(pool->item_size == sizeof(char), NULL);
 
 	if (n == SIZE_MAX)
 		return NULL;
@@ -214,7 +222,10 @@ char *git_pool_strndup(git_pool *pool, const char *str, size_t n)
 
 char *git_pool_strdup(git_pool *pool, const char *str)
 {
-	assert(pool && str && pool->item_size == sizeof(char));
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(pool, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(str, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(pool->item_size == sizeof(char), NULL);
+
 	return git_pool_strndup(pool, str, strlen(str));
 }
 
@@ -228,7 +239,8 @@ char *git_pool_strcat(git_pool *pool, const char *a, const char *b)
 	void *ptr;
 	size_t len_a, len_b, total;
 
-	assert(pool && pool->item_size == sizeof(char));
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(pool, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(pool->item_size == sizeof(char), NULL);
 
 	len_a = a ? strlen(a) : 0;
 	len_b = b ? strlen(b) : 0;
diff --git a/src/pool.h b/src/pool.h
index 23f6899..cecb846 100644
--- a/src/pool.h
+++ b/src/pool.h
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ typedef struct {
  * Of course, you can use this in other ways, but those are the
  * two most common patterns.
  */
-extern void git_pool_init(git_pool *pool, size_t item_size);
+extern int git_pool_init(git_pool *pool, size_t item_size);
 
 /**
  * Free all items in pool
@@ -135,4 +135,12 @@ extern uint32_t git_pool__open_pages(git_pool *pool);
 #endif
 extern bool git_pool__ptr_in_pool(git_pool *pool, void *ptr);
 
+/**
+ * This function is being called by our global setup routines to
+ * initialize the system pool size.
+ *
+ * @return 0 on success, <0 on failure
+ */
+extern int git_pool_global_init(void);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/src/posix.c b/src/posix.c
index fbaa7c3..c401348 100644
--- a/src/posix.c
+++ b/src/posix.c
@@ -109,6 +109,13 @@ int p_open(const char *path, volatile int flags, ...)
 {
 	mode_t mode = 0;
 
+	#ifdef GIT_DEBUG_STRICT_OPEN
+	if (strstr(path, "//") != NULL) {
+		errno = EACCES;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	#endif
+
 	if (flags & O_CREAT) {
 		va_list arg_list;
 
@@ -129,7 +136,8 @@ int p_getcwd(char *buffer_out, size_t size)
 {
 	char *cwd_buffer;
 
-	assert(buffer_out && size > 0);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(buffer_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(size > 0);
 
 	cwd_buffer = getcwd(buffer_out, size);
 
@@ -196,7 +204,7 @@ int p_write(git_file fd, const void *buf, size_t cnt)
 	while (cnt) {
 		ssize_t r;
 #ifdef GIT_WIN32
-		assert((size_t)((unsigned int)cnt) == cnt);
+		GIT_ASSERT((size_t)((unsigned int)cnt) == cnt);
 		r = write(fd, b, (unsigned int)cnt);
 #else
 		r = write(fd, b, cnt);
@@ -237,24 +245,43 @@ int git__mmap_alignment(size_t *alignment)
 
 int p_mmap(git_map *out, size_t len, int prot, int flags, int fd, off64_t offset)
 {
+	const char *ptr;
+	size_t remaining_len;
+
 	GIT_MMAP_VALIDATE(out, len, prot, flags);
 
-	out->data = NULL;
-	out->len = 0;
+	/* writes cannot be emulated without handling pagefaults since write happens by
+	 * writing to mapped memory */
+	if (prot & GIT_PROT_WRITE) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "trying to map %s-writeable",
+				((flags & GIT_MAP_TYPE) == GIT_MAP_SHARED) ? "shared": "private");
+		return -1;
+	}
 
-	if ((prot & GIT_PROT_WRITE) && ((flags & GIT_MAP_TYPE) == GIT_MAP_SHARED)) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "trying to map shared-writeable");
+	if (!git__is_ssizet(len)) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
 		return -1;
 	}
 
+	out->len = 0;
 	out->data = git__malloc(len);
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(out->data);
 
-	if (!git__is_ssizet(len) ||
-		(p_lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) ||
-		(p_read(fd, out->data, len) != (ssize_t)len)) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "mmap emulation failed");
-		return -1;
+	remaining_len = len;
+	ptr = (const char *)out->data;
+	while (remaining_len > 0) {
+		ssize_t nb;
+		HANDLE_EINTR(nb, p_pread(fd, (void *)ptr, remaining_len, offset));
+		if (nb <= 0) {
+			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "mmap emulation failed");
+			git__free(out->data);
+			out->data = NULL;
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		ptr += nb;
+		offset += nb;
+		remaining_len -= nb;
 	}
 
 	out->len = len;
@@ -263,9 +290,13 @@ int p_mmap(git_map *out, size_t len, int prot, int flags, int fd, off64_t offset
 
 int p_munmap(git_map *map)
 {
-	assert(map != NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(map);
 	git__free(map->data);
 
+	/* Initializing will help debug use-after-free */
+	map->len = 0;
+	map->data = NULL;
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/posix.h b/src/posix.h
index eef6677..d98bc82 100644
--- a/src/posix.h
+++ b/src/posix.h
@@ -89,6 +89,12 @@
 #define EAFNOSUPPORT (INT_MAX-1)
 #endif
 
+/* Compiler independent macro to handle signal interrpted system calls */
+#define HANDLE_EINTR(result, x) do {					\
+		result = (x);						\
+	} while (result == -1 && errno == EINTR);
+
+
 /* Provide a 64-bit size for offsets. */
 
 #if defined(_MSC_VER)
@@ -119,6 +125,9 @@ typedef int git_file;
 extern ssize_t p_read(git_file fd, void *buf, size_t cnt);
 extern int p_write(git_file fd, const void *buf, size_t cnt);
 
+extern ssize_t p_pread(int fd, void *data, size_t size, off64_t offset);
+extern ssize_t p_pwrite(int fd, const void *data, size_t size, off64_t offset);
+
 #define p_close(fd) close(fd)
 #define p_umask(m) umask(m)
 
diff --git a/src/proxy.c b/src/proxy.c
index 367c4b1..78a4c55 100644
--- a/src/proxy.c
+++ b/src/proxy.c
@@ -16,10 +16,12 @@ int git_proxy_options_init(git_proxy_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_proxy_init_options(git_proxy_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_proxy_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 int git_proxy_options_dup(git_proxy_options *tgt, const git_proxy_options *src)
 {
diff --git a/src/push.c b/src/push.c
index 67ebcfb..b724188 100644
--- a/src/push.c
+++ b/src/push.c
@@ -349,8 +349,9 @@ static int queue_objects(git_push *push)
 		if (git_oid_is_zero(&head->oid))
 			continue;
 
-		/* TODO */
-		git_revwalk_hide(rw, &head->oid);
+		if ((error = git_revwalk_hide(rw, &head->oid)) < 0 &&
+		    error != GIT_ENOTFOUND && error != GIT_EINVALIDSPEC && error != GIT_EPEEL)
+			goto on_error;
 	}
 
 	error = git_packbuilder_insert_walk(push->pb, rw);
@@ -554,7 +555,9 @@ int git_push_options_init(git_push_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_push_init_options(git_push_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_push_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/reader.c b/src/reader.c
index 90f700a..4892894 100644
--- a/src/reader.c
+++ b/src/reader.c
@@ -61,7 +61,8 @@ int git_reader_for_tree(git_reader **out, git_tree *tree)
 {
 	tree_reader *reader;
 
-	assert(out && tree);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tree);
 
 	reader = git__calloc(1, sizeof(tree_reader));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(reader);
@@ -97,8 +98,7 @@ static int workdir_reader_read(
 	git_oid id;
 	int error;
 
-	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&path,
-		git_repository_workdir(reader->repo), filename)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_repository_workdir_path(&path, reader->repo, filename)) < 0)
 		goto done;
 
 	if ((error = p_lstat(path.ptr, &st)) < 0) {
@@ -158,7 +158,8 @@ int git_reader_for_workdir(
 	workdir_reader *reader;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	reader = git__calloc(1, sizeof(workdir_reader));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(reader);
@@ -223,7 +224,8 @@ int git_reader_for_index(
 	index_reader *reader;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	reader = git__calloc(1, sizeof(index_reader));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(reader);
@@ -251,7 +253,9 @@ int git_reader_read(
 	git_reader *reader,
 	const char *filename)
 {
-	assert(out && reader && filename);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(reader);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(filename);
 
 	return reader->read(out, out_id, out_filemode, reader, filename);
 }
diff --git a/src/rebase.c b/src/rebase.c
index 0a38807..bf6581a 100644
--- a/src/rebase.c
+++ b/src/rebase.c
@@ -186,8 +186,8 @@ static git_rebase_operation *rebase_operation_alloc(
 {
 	git_rebase_operation *operation;
 
-	assert((type == GIT_REBASE_OPERATION_EXEC) == !id);
-	assert((type == GIT_REBASE_OPERATION_EXEC) == !!exec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL((type == GIT_REBASE_OPERATION_EXEC) == !id, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL((type == GIT_REBASE_OPERATION_EXEC) == !!exec, NULL);
 
 	if ((operation = git_array_alloc(rebase->operations)) == NULL)
 		return NULL;
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ int git_rebase_open(
 	size_t state_path_len;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	if ((error = rebase_check_versions(given_opts)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -501,10 +501,12 @@ int git_rebase_options_init(git_rebase_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_rebase_init_options(git_rebase_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_rebase_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 static int rebase_ensure_not_in_progress(git_repository *repo)
 {
@@ -699,7 +701,8 @@ int git_rebase_init(
 	bool inmemory = (given_opts && given_opts->inmemory);
 	int error;
 
-	assert(repo && (upstream || onto));
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(upstream || onto);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -910,7 +913,8 @@ int git_rebase_next(
 {
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && rebase);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(rebase);
 
 	if ((error = rebase_movenext(rebase)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -929,7 +933,9 @@ int git_rebase_inmemory_index(
 	git_index **out,
 	git_rebase *rebase)
 {
-	assert(out && rebase && rebase->index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(rebase);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(rebase->index);
 
 	GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(rebase->index);
 	*out = rebase->index;
@@ -1004,12 +1010,12 @@ static int rebase_commit__create(
 	}
 
 	if (git_buf_is_allocated(&commit_signature)) {
-		assert(git_buf_contains_nul(&commit_signature));
+		GIT_ASSERT(git_buf_contains_nul(&commit_signature));
 		commit_signature_string = git_buf_cstr(&commit_signature);
 	}
 
 	if (git_buf_is_allocated(&signature_field)) {
-		assert(git_buf_contains_nul(&signature_field));
+		GIT_ASSERT(git_buf_contains_nul(&signature_field));
 		signature_field_string = git_buf_cstr(&signature_field);
 	}
 
@@ -1053,7 +1059,7 @@ static int rebase_commit_merge(
 	int error;
 
 	operation = git_array_get(rebase->operations, rebase->current);
-	assert(operation);
+	GIT_ASSERT(operation);
 
 	if ((error = rebase_ensure_not_dirty(rebase->repo, false, true, GIT_EUNMERGED)) < 0 ||
 		(error = git_repository_head(&head, rebase->repo)) < 0 ||
@@ -1093,9 +1099,9 @@ static int rebase_commit_inmemory(
 	git_commit *commit = NULL;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(rebase->index);
-	assert(rebase->last_commit);
-	assert(rebase->current < rebase->operations.size);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(rebase->index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(rebase->last_commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(rebase->current < rebase->operations.size);
 
 	if ((error = rebase_commit__create(&commit, rebase, rebase->index,
 		rebase->last_commit, author, committer, message_encoding, message)) < 0)
@@ -1123,7 +1129,8 @@ int git_rebase_commit(
 {
 	int error;
 
-	assert(rebase && committer);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(rebase);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(committer);
 
 	if (rebase->inmemory)
 		error = rebase_commit_inmemory(
@@ -1143,7 +1150,7 @@ int git_rebase_abort(git_rebase *rebase)
 	git_commit *orig_head_commit = NULL;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(rebase);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(rebase);
 
 	if (rebase->inmemory)
 		return 0;
@@ -1356,7 +1363,7 @@ int git_rebase_finish(
 {
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(rebase);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(rebase);
 
 	if (rebase->inmemory)
 		return 0;
@@ -1371,14 +1378,17 @@ int git_rebase_finish(
 }
 
 const char *git_rebase_orig_head_name(git_rebase *rebase) {
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(rebase, NULL);
 	return rebase->orig_head_name;
 }
 
 const git_oid *git_rebase_orig_head_id(git_rebase *rebase) {
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(rebase, NULL);
 	return &rebase->orig_head_id;
 }
 
 const char *git_rebase_onto_name(git_rebase *rebase) {
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(rebase, NULL);
 	return rebase->onto_name;
 }
 
@@ -1388,21 +1398,21 @@ const git_oid *git_rebase_onto_id(git_rebase *rebase) {
 
 size_t git_rebase_operation_entrycount(git_rebase *rebase)
 {
-	assert(rebase);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(rebase, 0);
 
 	return git_array_size(rebase->operations);
 }
 
 size_t git_rebase_operation_current(git_rebase *rebase)
 {
-	assert(rebase);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(rebase, 0);
 
 	return rebase->started ? rebase->current : GIT_REBASE_NO_OPERATION;
 }
 
 git_rebase_operation *git_rebase_operation_byindex(git_rebase *rebase, size_t idx)
 {
-	assert(rebase);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(rebase, NULL);
 
 	return git_array_get(rebase->operations, idx);
 }
diff --git a/src/refdb.c b/src/refdb.c
index fbbf519..ed33de9 100644
--- a/src/refdb.c
+++ b/src/refdb.c
@@ -17,11 +17,15 @@
 #include "reflog.h"
 #include "posix.h"
 
+#define DEFAULT_NESTING_LEVEL	5
+#define MAX_NESTING_LEVEL		10
+
 int git_refdb_new(git_refdb **out, git_repository *repo)
 {
 	git_refdb *db;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	db = git__calloc(1, sizeof(*db));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(db);
@@ -38,7 +42,8 @@ int git_refdb_open(git_refdb **out, git_repository *repo)
 	git_refdb *db;
 	git_refdb_backend *dir;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -86,7 +91,7 @@ int git_refdb_set_backend(git_refdb *db, git_refdb_backend *backend)
 
 int git_refdb_compress(git_refdb *db)
 {
-	assert(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
 
 	if (db->backend->compress)
 		return db->backend->compress(db->backend);
@@ -111,7 +116,9 @@ void git_refdb_free(git_refdb *db)
 
 int git_refdb_exists(int *exists, git_refdb *refdb, const char *ref_name)
 {
-	assert(exists && refdb && refdb->backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(exists);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refdb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refdb->backend);
 
 	return refdb->backend->exists(exists, refdb->backend, ref_name);
 }
@@ -121,7 +128,10 @@ int git_refdb_lookup(git_reference **out, git_refdb *db, const char *ref_name)
 	git_reference *ref;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(db && db->backend && out && ref_name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db->backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref_name);
 
 	error = db->backend->lookup(&ref, db->backend, ref_name);
 	if (error < 0)
@@ -134,6 +144,59 @@ int git_refdb_lookup(git_reference **out, git_refdb *db, const char *ref_name)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int git_refdb_resolve(
+	git_reference **out,
+	git_refdb *db,
+	const char *ref_name,
+	int max_nesting)
+{
+	git_reference *ref = NULL;
+	int error = 0, nesting;
+
+	*out = NULL;
+
+	if (max_nesting > MAX_NESTING_LEVEL)
+		max_nesting = MAX_NESTING_LEVEL;
+	else if (max_nesting < 0)
+		max_nesting = DEFAULT_NESTING_LEVEL;
+
+	if ((error = git_refdb_lookup(&ref, db, ref_name)) < 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	for (nesting = 0; nesting < max_nesting; nesting++) {
+		git_reference *resolved;
+
+		if (ref->type == GIT_REFERENCE_DIRECT)
+			break;
+
+		if ((error = git_refdb_lookup(&resolved, db, git_reference_symbolic_target(ref))) < 0) {
+			/* If we found a symbolic reference with a nonexistent target, return it. */
+			if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND) {
+				error = 0;
+				*out = ref;
+				ref = NULL;
+			}
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		git_reference_free(ref);
+		ref = resolved;
+	}
+
+	if (ref->type != GIT_REFERENCE_DIRECT && max_nesting != 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REFERENCE,
+			"cannot resolve reference (>%u levels deep)", max_nesting);
+		error = -1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	*out = ref;
+	ref = NULL;
+out:
+	git_reference_free(ref);
+	return error;
+}
+
 int git_refdb_iterator(git_reference_iterator **out, git_refdb *db, const char *glob)
 {
 	int error;
@@ -178,7 +241,8 @@ void git_refdb_iterator_free(git_reference_iterator *iter)
 
 int git_refdb_write(git_refdb *db, git_reference *ref, int force, const git_signature *who, const char *message, const git_oid *old_id, const char *old_target)
 {
-	assert(db && db->backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db->backend);
 
 	GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(db);
 	ref->db = db;
@@ -197,7 +261,9 @@ int git_refdb_rename(
 {
 	int error;
 
-	assert(db && db->backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db->backend);
+
 	error = db->backend->rename(out, db->backend, old_name, new_name, force, who, message);
 	if (error < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -212,7 +278,9 @@ int git_refdb_rename(
 
 int git_refdb_delete(struct git_refdb *db, const char *ref_name, const git_oid *old_id, const char *old_target)
 {
-	assert(db && db->backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db->backend);
+
 	return db->backend->del(db->backend, ref_name, old_id, old_target);
 }
 
@@ -220,7 +288,8 @@ int git_refdb_reflog_read(git_reflog **out, git_refdb *db,  const char *name)
 {
 	int error;
 
-	assert(db && db->backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db->backend);
 
 	if ((error = db->backend->reflog_read(out, db->backend, name)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -231,16 +300,97 @@ int git_refdb_reflog_read(git_reflog **out, git_refdb *db,  const char *name)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int git_refdb_should_write_reflog(int *out, git_refdb *db, const git_reference *ref)
+{
+	int error, logall;
+
+	error = git_repository__configmap_lookup(&logall, db->repo, GIT_CONFIGMAP_LOGALLREFUPDATES);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	/* Defaults to the opposite of the repo being bare */
+	if (logall == GIT_LOGALLREFUPDATES_UNSET)
+		logall = !git_repository_is_bare(db->repo);
+
+	*out = 0;
+	switch (logall) {
+	case GIT_LOGALLREFUPDATES_FALSE:
+		*out = 0;
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_LOGALLREFUPDATES_TRUE:
+		/* Only write if it already has a log,
+		 * or if it's under heads/, remotes/ or notes/
+		 */
+		*out = git_refdb_has_log(db, ref->name) ||
+			!git__prefixcmp(ref->name, GIT_REFS_HEADS_DIR) ||
+			!git__strcmp(ref->name, GIT_HEAD_FILE) ||
+			!git__prefixcmp(ref->name, GIT_REFS_REMOTES_DIR) ||
+			!git__prefixcmp(ref->name, GIT_REFS_NOTES_DIR);
+		break;
+
+	case GIT_LOGALLREFUPDATES_ALWAYS:
+		*out = 1;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_refdb_should_write_head_reflog(int *out, git_refdb *db, const git_reference *ref)
+{
+	git_reference *head = NULL, *resolved = NULL;
+	const char *name;
+	int error;
+
+	*out = 0;
+
+	if (ref->type == GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC) {
+		error = 0;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if ((error = git_refdb_lookup(&head, db, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (git_reference_type(head) == GIT_REFERENCE_DIRECT)
+		goto out;
+
+	/* Go down the symref chain until we find the branch */
+	if ((error = git_refdb_resolve(&resolved, db, git_reference_symbolic_target(head), -1)) < 0) {
+		if (error != GIT_ENOTFOUND)
+			goto out;
+		error = 0;
+		name = git_reference_symbolic_target(head);
+	} else if (git_reference_type(resolved) == GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC) {
+		name = git_reference_symbolic_target(resolved);
+	} else {
+		name = git_reference_name(resolved);
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(name, ref->name))
+		goto out;
+
+	*out = 1;
+
+out:
+	git_reference_free(resolved);
+	git_reference_free(head);
+	return error;
+}
+
 int git_refdb_has_log(git_refdb *db, const char *refname)
 {
-	assert(db && refname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refname);
 
 	return db->backend->has_log(db->backend, refname);
 }
 
 int git_refdb_ensure_log(git_refdb *db, const char *refname)
 {
-	assert(db && refname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refname);
 
 	return db->backend->ensure_log(db->backend, refname);
 }
@@ -254,7 +404,9 @@ int git_refdb_init_backend(git_refdb_backend *backend, unsigned int version)
 
 int git_refdb_lock(void **payload, git_refdb *db, const char *refname)
 {
-	assert(payload && db && refname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(payload);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refname);
 
 	if (!db->backend->lock) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REFERENCE, "backend does not support locking");
@@ -266,7 +418,7 @@ int git_refdb_lock(void **payload, git_refdb *db, const char *refname)
 
 int git_refdb_unlock(git_refdb *db, void *payload, int success, int update_reflog, const git_reference *ref, const git_signature *sig, const char *message)
 {
-	assert(db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(db);
 
 	return db->backend->unlock(db->backend, payload, success, update_reflog, ref, sig, message);
 }
diff --git a/src/refdb.h b/src/refdb.h
index 2d4ec75..84e19b1 100644
--- a/src/refdb.h
+++ b/src/refdb.h
@@ -30,6 +30,31 @@ int git_refdb_lookup(
 	git_refdb *refdb,
 	const char *ref_name);
 
+/**
+ * Resolve the reference by following symbolic references.
+ *
+ * Given a reference name, this function will follow any symbolic references up
+ * to `max_nesting` deep and return the resolved direct reference. If any of
+ * the intermediate symbolic references points to a non-existing reference,
+ * then that symbolic reference is returned instead with an error code of `0`.
+ * If the given reference is a direct reference already, it is returned
+ * directly.
+ *
+ * If `max_nesting` is `0`, the reference will not be resolved. If it's
+ * negative, it will be set to the default resolve depth which is `5`.
+ *
+ * @param out Pointer to store the result in.
+ * @param db The refdb to use for resolving the reference.
+ * @param ref_name The reference name to lookup and resolve.
+ * @param max_nesting The maximum nesting depth.
+ * @return `0` on success, a negative error code otherwise.
+ */
+int git_refdb_resolve(
+	git_reference **out,
+	git_refdb *db,
+	const char *ref_name,
+	int max_nesting);
+
 int git_refdb_rename(
 	git_reference **out,
 	git_refdb *db,
@@ -50,6 +75,50 @@ int git_refdb_delete(git_refdb *refdb, const char *ref_name, const git_oid *old_
 int git_refdb_reflog_read(git_reflog **out, git_refdb *db,  const char *name);
 int git_refdb_reflog_write(git_reflog *reflog);
 
+/**
+ * Determine whether a reflog entry should be created for the given reference.
+ *
+ * Whether or not writing to a reference should create a reflog entry is
+ * dependent on a number of things. Most importantly, there's the
+ * "core.logAllRefUpdates" setting that controls in which situations a
+ * reference should get a corresponding reflog entry. The following values for
+ * it are understood:
+ *
+ *     - "false": Do not log reference updates.
+ *
+ *     - "true": Log normal reference updates. This will write entries for
+ *               references in "refs/heads", "refs/remotes", "refs/notes" and
+ *               "HEAD" or if the reference already has a log entry.
+ *
+ *     - "always": Always create a reflog entry.
+ *
+ * If unset, the value will default to "true" for non-bare repositories and
+ * "false" for bare ones.
+ *
+ * @param out pointer to which the result will be written, `1` means a reflog
+ *            entry should be written, `0` means none should be written.
+ * @param db The refdb to decide this for.
+ * @param ref The reference one wants to check.
+ * @return `0` on success, a negative error code otherwise.
+ */
+int git_refdb_should_write_reflog(int *out, git_refdb *db, const git_reference *ref);
+
+/**
+ * Determine whether a reflog entry should be created for HEAD if creating one
+ * for the given reference
+ *
+ * In case the given reference is being pointed to by HEAD, then creating a
+ * reflog entry for this reference also requires us to create a corresponding
+ * reflog entry for HEAD. This function can be used to determine that scenario.
+ *
+ * @param out pointer to which the result will be written, `1` means a reflog
+ *            entry should be written, `0` means none should be written.
+ * @param db The refdb to decide this for.
+ * @param ref The reference one wants to check.
+ * @return `0` on success, a negative error code otherwise.
+ */
+int git_refdb_should_write_head_reflog(int *out, git_refdb *db, const git_reference *ref);
+
 int git_refdb_has_log(git_refdb *db, const char *refname);
 int git_refdb_ensure_log(git_refdb *refdb, const char *refname);
 
diff --git a/src/refdb_fs.c b/src/refdb_fs.c
index a721f98..0cb9255 100644
--- a/src/refdb_fs.c
+++ b/src/refdb_fs.c
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@
  * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
  */
 
-#include "refdb_fs.h"
-
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "hash.h"
 #include "repository.h"
@@ -70,6 +68,35 @@ typedef struct refdb_fs_backend {
 
 static int refdb_reflog_fs__delete(git_refdb_backend *_backend, const char *name);
 
+GIT_INLINE(int) loose_path(
+	git_buf *out,
+	const char *base,
+	const char *refname)
+{
+	if (git_buf_joinpath(out, base, refname) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	return git_path_validate_filesystem_with_suffix(out->ptr, out->size,
+		CONST_STRLEN(".lock"));
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(int) reflog_path(
+	git_buf *out,
+	git_repository *repo,
+	const char *refname)
+{
+	const char *base;
+	int error;
+
+	base = (strcmp(refname, GIT_HEAD_FILE) == 0) ? repo->gitdir :
+		repo->commondir;
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(out, base, GIT_REFLOG_DIR)) < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	return loose_path(out, out->ptr, refname);
+}
+
 static int packref_cmp(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 {
 	const struct packref *a = a_, *b = b_;
@@ -95,7 +122,7 @@ static int packed_reload(refdb_fs_backend *backend)
 	 */
 	if (error <= 0) {
 		if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND) {
-			git_sortedcache_clear(backend->refcache, true);
+			GIT_UNUSED(git_sortedcache_clear(backend->refcache, true));
 			git_error_clear();
 			error = 0;
 		}
@@ -104,7 +131,7 @@ static int packed_reload(refdb_fs_backend *backend)
 
 	/* At this point, refresh the packed refs from the loaded buffer. */
 
-	git_sortedcache_clear(backend->refcache, false);
+	GIT_UNUSED(git_sortedcache_clear(backend->refcache, false));
 
 	scan = (char *)packedrefs.ptr;
 	eof  = scan + packedrefs.size;
@@ -192,7 +219,7 @@ static int packed_reload(refdb_fs_backend *backend)
 parse_failed:
 	git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REFERENCE, "corrupted packed references file");
 
-	git_sortedcache_clear(backend->refcache, false);
+	GIT_UNUSED(git_sortedcache_clear(backend->refcache, false));
 	git_sortedcache_wunlock(backend->refcache);
 	git_buf_dispose(&packedrefs);
 
@@ -225,9 +252,8 @@ static int loose_readbuffer(git_buf *buf, const char *base, const char *path)
 {
 	int error;
 
-	/* build full path to file */
-	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(buf, base, path)) < 0 ||
-		(error = git_futils_readbuffer(buf, buf->ptr)) < 0)
+	if ((error = loose_path(buf, base, path)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_futils_readbuffer(buf, buf->ptr)) < 0)
 		git_buf_dispose(buf);
 
 	return error;
@@ -256,7 +282,8 @@ static int loose_lookup_to_packfile(refdb_fs_backend *backend, const char *name)
 	if ((error = loose_parse_oid(&oid, name, &ref_file)) < 0)
 		goto done;
 
-	git_sortedcache_wlock(backend->refcache);
+	if ((error = git_sortedcache_wlock(backend->refcache)) < 0)
+		goto done;
 
 	if (!(error = git_sortedcache_upsert(
 			(void **)&ref, backend->refcache, name))) {
@@ -333,11 +360,11 @@ static int refdb_fs_backend__exists(
 	git_buf ref_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
 
 	*exists = 0;
 
-	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&ref_path, backend->gitpath, ref_name)) < 0)
+	if ((error = loose_path(&ref_path, backend->gitpath, ref_name)) < 0)
 		goto out;
 
 	if (git_path_isfile(ref_path.ptr)) {
@@ -474,7 +501,7 @@ static int refdb_fs_backend__lookup(
 	refdb_fs_backend *backend = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(_backend, refdb_fs_backend, parent);
 	int error;
 
-	assert(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
 
 	if (!(error = loose_lookup(out, backend, ref_name)))
 		return 0;
@@ -551,7 +578,7 @@ static int iter_load_loose_paths(refdb_fs_backend *backend, refdb_fs_iter *iter)
 		}
 	}
 
-	if ((error = git_buf_printf(&path, "%s/", backend->commonpath)) < 0 ||
+	if ((error = git_buf_puts(&path, backend->commonpath)) < 0 ||
 		(error = git_buf_put(&path, ref_prefix, ref_prefix_len)) < 0) {
 		git_buf_dispose(&path);
 		return error;
@@ -680,12 +707,13 @@ static int refdb_fs_backend__iterator(
 	refdb_fs_iter *iter = NULL;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
 
 	iter = git__calloc(1, sizeof(refdb_fs_iter));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(iter);
 
-	git_pool_init(&iter->pool, 1);
+	if ((error = git_pool_init(&iter->pool, 1)) < 0)
+		goto out;
 
 	if ((error = git_vector_init(&iter->loose, 8, NULL)) < 0)
 		goto out;
@@ -761,7 +789,8 @@ static int reference_path_available(
 		}
 	}
 
-	git_sortedcache_rlock(backend->refcache);
+	if ((error = git_sortedcache_rlock(backend->refcache)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < git_sortedcache_entrycount(backend->refcache); ++i) {
 		struct packref *ref = git_sortedcache_entry(backend->refcache, i);
@@ -784,9 +813,11 @@ static int loose_lock(git_filebuf *file, refdb_fs_backend *backend, const char *
 	git_buf ref_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	const char *basedir;
 
-	assert(file && backend && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
-	if (!git_path_isvalid(backend->repo, name, 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_FILESYSTEM_DEFAULTS)) {
+	if (!git_path_validate(backend->repo, name, 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_FILESYSTEM_DEFAULTS)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "invalid reference name '%s'", name);
 		return GIT_EINVALIDSPEC;
 	}
@@ -802,8 +833,8 @@ static int loose_lock(git_filebuf *file, refdb_fs_backend *backend, const char *
 	if ((error = git_futils_rmdir_r(name, basedir, GIT_RMDIR_SKIP_NONEMPTY)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
-	if (git_buf_joinpath(&ref_path, basedir, name) < 0)
-		return -1;
+	if ((error = loose_path(&ref_path, basedir, name)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	filebuf_flags = GIT_FILEBUF_CREATE_LEADING_DIRS;
 	if (backend->fsync)
@@ -820,7 +851,8 @@ static int loose_lock(git_filebuf *file, refdb_fs_backend *backend, const char *
 
 static int loose_commit(git_filebuf *file, const git_reference *ref)
 {
-	assert(file && ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref);
 
 	if (ref->type == GIT_REFERENCE_DIRECT) {
 		char oid[GIT_OID_HEXSZ + 1];
@@ -830,7 +862,7 @@ static int loose_commit(git_filebuf *file, const git_reference *ref)
 	} else if (ref->type == GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC) {
 		git_filebuf_printf(file, GIT_SYMREF "%s\n", ref->target.symbolic);
 	} else {
-		assert(0); /* don't let this happen */
+		GIT_ASSERT(0);
 	}
 
 	return git_filebuf_commit(file);
@@ -1067,7 +1099,7 @@ static int packed_write(refdb_fs_backend *backend)
 
 	for (i = 0; i < git_sortedcache_entrycount(refcache); ++i) {
 		struct packref *ref = git_sortedcache_entry(refcache, i);
-		assert(ref);
+		GIT_ASSERT(ref);
 
 		if ((error = packed_find_peel(backend, ref)) < 0)
 			goto fail;
@@ -1129,44 +1161,6 @@ cleanup:
 }
 
 static int reflog_append(refdb_fs_backend *backend, const git_reference *ref, const git_oid *old, const git_oid *new, const git_signature *author, const char *message);
-static int has_reflog(git_repository *repo, const char *name);
-
-static int should_write_reflog(int *write, git_repository *repo, const char *name)
-{
-	int error, logall;
-
-	error = git_repository__configmap_lookup(&logall, repo, GIT_CONFIGMAP_LOGALLREFUPDATES);
-	if (error < 0)
-		return error;
-
-	/* Defaults to the opposite of the repo being bare */
-	if (logall == GIT_LOGALLREFUPDATES_UNSET)
-		logall = !git_repository_is_bare(repo);
-
-	*write = 0;
-	switch (logall) {
-	case GIT_LOGALLREFUPDATES_FALSE:
-		*write = 0;
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_LOGALLREFUPDATES_TRUE:
-		/* Only write if it already has a log,
-		 * or if it's under heads/, remotes/ or notes/
-		 */
-		*write = has_reflog(repo, name) ||
-			!git__prefixcmp(name, GIT_REFS_HEADS_DIR) ||
-			!git__strcmp(name, GIT_HEAD_FILE) ||
-			!git__prefixcmp(name, GIT_REFS_REMOTES_DIR) ||
-			!git__prefixcmp(name, GIT_REFS_NOTES_DIR);
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_LOGALLREFUPDATES_ALWAYS:
-		*write = 1;
-		break;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
 
 static int cmp_old_ref(int *cmp, git_refdb_backend *backend, const char *name,
 	const git_oid *old_id, const char *old_target)
@@ -1179,8 +1173,11 @@ static int cmp_old_ref(int *cmp, git_refdb_backend *backend, const char *name,
 	if (!old_id && !old_target)
 		return 0;
 
-	if ((error = refdb_fs_backend__lookup(&old_ref, backend, name)) < 0)
+	if ((error = refdb_fs_backend__lookup(&old_ref, backend, name)) < 0) {
+		if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND && old_id && git_oid_is_zero(old_id))
+			return 0;
 		goto out;
+	}
 
 	/* If the types don't match, there's no way the values do */
 	if (old_id && old_ref->type != GIT_REFERENCE_DIRECT) {
@@ -1220,54 +1217,28 @@ out:
  */
 static int maybe_append_head(refdb_fs_backend *backend, const git_reference *ref, const git_signature *who, const char *message)
 {
-	int error;
+	git_reference *head = NULL;
+	git_refdb *refdb = NULL;
+	int error, write_reflog;
 	git_oid old_id;
-	git_reference *tmp = NULL, *head = NULL, *peeled = NULL;
-	const char *name;
 
-	if (ref->type == GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC)
-		return 0;
+	if ((error = git_repository_refdb(&refdb, backend->repo)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_refdb_should_write_head_reflog(&write_reflog, refdb, ref)) < 0)
+		goto out;
+	if (!write_reflog)
+		goto out;
 
 	/* if we can't resolve, we use {0}*40 as old id */
 	if (git_reference_name_to_id(&old_id, backend->repo, ref->name) < 0)
 		memset(&old_id, 0, sizeof(old_id));
 
-	if ((error = git_reference_lookup(&head, backend->repo, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
-		return error;
-
-	if (git_reference_type(head) == GIT_REFERENCE_DIRECT)
-		goto cleanup;
-
-	if ((error = git_reference_lookup(&tmp, backend->repo, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
-		goto cleanup;
-
-	/* Go down the symref chain until we find the branch */
-	while (git_reference_type(tmp) == GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC) {
-		error = git_reference_lookup(&peeled, backend->repo, git_reference_symbolic_target(tmp));
-		if (error < 0)
-			break;
-
-		git_reference_free(tmp);
-		tmp = peeled;
-	}
-
-	if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND) {
-		error = 0;
-		name = git_reference_symbolic_target(tmp);
-	} else if (error < 0) {
-		goto cleanup;
-	} else {
-		name = git_reference_name(tmp);
-	}
-
-	if (strcmp(name, ref->name))
-		goto cleanup;
-
-	error = reflog_append(backend, head, &old_id, git_reference_target(ref), who, message);
+	if ((error = git_reference_lookup(&head, backend->repo, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = reflog_append(backend, head, &old_id, git_reference_target(ref), who, message)) < 0)
+		goto out;
 
-cleanup:
-	git_reference_free(tmp);
+out:
 	git_reference_free(head);
+	git_refdb_free(refdb);
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -1284,7 +1255,7 @@ static int refdb_fs_backend__write(
 	git_filebuf file = GIT_FILEBUF_INIT;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
 
 	if ((error = reference_path_available(backend, ref->name, NULL, force)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -1336,7 +1307,10 @@ static int refdb_fs_backend__write_tail(
 	}
 
 	if (update_reflog) {
-		if ((error = should_write_reflog(&should_write, backend->repo, ref->name)) < 0)
+		git_refdb *refdb;
+
+		if ((error = git_repository_refdb__weakptr(&refdb, backend->repo)) < 0 ||
+		    (error = git_refdb_should_write_reflog(&should_write, refdb, ref)) < 0)
 			goto on_error;
 
 		if (should_write) {
@@ -1354,7 +1328,7 @@ on_error:
         return error;
 }
 
-static void refdb_fs_backend__prune_refs(
+static int refdb_fs_backend__prune_refs(
 	refdb_fs_backend *backend,
 	const char *ref_name,
 	const char *prefix)
@@ -1362,10 +1336,12 @@ static void refdb_fs_backend__prune_refs(
 	git_buf relative_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_buf base_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	size_t commonlen;
+	int error;
 
-	assert(backend && ref_name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref_name);
 
-	if (git_buf_sets(&relative_path, ref_name) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_buf_sets(&relative_path, ref_name)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	git_path_squash_slashes(&relative_path);
@@ -1375,20 +1351,33 @@ static void refdb_fs_backend__prune_refs(
 
 		git_buf_truncate(&relative_path, commonlen);
 
-		if (prefix) {
-			if (git_buf_join3(&base_path, '/', backend->commonpath, prefix, git_buf_cstr(&relative_path)) < 0)
-				goto cleanup;
-		} else {
-			if (git_buf_joinpath(&base_path, backend->commonpath, git_buf_cstr(&relative_path)) < 0)
-				goto cleanup;
-		}
+		if (prefix)
+			error = git_buf_join3(&base_path, '/',
+				backend->commonpath, prefix,
+				git_buf_cstr(&relative_path));
+		else
+			error = git_buf_joinpath(&base_path,
+				backend->commonpath,
+				git_buf_cstr(&relative_path));
 
-		git_futils_rmdir_r(ref_name + commonlen, git_buf_cstr(&base_path), GIT_RMDIR_EMPTY_PARENTS | GIT_RMDIR_SKIP_ROOT);
+		if (!error)
+			error = git_path_validate_filesystem(base_path.ptr, base_path.size);
+
+		if (error < 0)
+			goto cleanup;
+
+		error = git_futils_rmdir_r(ref_name + commonlen,
+			git_buf_cstr(&base_path),
+			GIT_RMDIR_EMPTY_PARENTS | GIT_RMDIR_SKIP_ROOT);
+
+		if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND)
+			error = 0;
 	}
 
 cleanup:
 	git_buf_dispose(&relative_path);
 	git_buf_dispose(&base_path);
+	return error;
 }
 
 static int refdb_fs_backend__delete(
@@ -1400,7 +1389,8 @@ static int refdb_fs_backend__delete(
 	git_filebuf file = GIT_FILEBUF_INIT;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(backend && ref_name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref_name);
 
 	if ((error = loose_lock(&file, backend, ref_name)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -1415,19 +1405,19 @@ static int refdb_fs_backend__delete(
 
 static int loose_delete(refdb_fs_backend *backend, const char *ref_name)
 {
-	git_buf loose_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	if (git_buf_joinpath(&loose_path, backend->commonpath, ref_name) < 0)
-		return -1;
+	if ((error = loose_path(&path, backend->commonpath, ref_name)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
-	error = p_unlink(loose_path.ptr);
+	error = p_unlink(path.ptr);
 	if (error < 0 && errno == ENOENT)
 		error = GIT_ENOTFOUND;
 	else if (error != 0)
 		error = -1;
 
-	git_buf_dispose(&loose_path);
+	git_buf_dispose(&path);
 
 	return error;
 }
@@ -1486,7 +1476,7 @@ static int refdb_fs_backend__delete_tail(
 cleanup:
 	git_filebuf_cleanup(file);
 	if (error == 0)
-		refdb_fs_backend__prune_refs(backend, ref_name, "");
+		error = refdb_fs_backend__prune_refs(backend, ref_name, "");
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -1506,7 +1496,7 @@ static int refdb_fs_backend__rename(
 	git_filebuf file = GIT_FILEBUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
 
 	if ((error = reference_path_available(
 			backend, new_name, old_name, force)) < 0 ||
@@ -1559,7 +1549,7 @@ static int refdb_fs_backend__compress(git_refdb_backend *_backend)
 	int error;
 	refdb_fs_backend *backend = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(_backend, refdb_fs_backend, parent);
 
-	assert(backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(backend);
 
 	if ((error = packed_reload(backend)) < 0 || /* load the existing packfile */
 	    (error = packed_loadloose(backend)) < 0 || /* add all the loose refs */
@@ -1573,7 +1563,8 @@ static void refdb_fs_backend__free(git_refdb_backend *_backend)
 {
 	refdb_fs_backend *backend = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(_backend, refdb_fs_backend, parent);
 
-	assert(backend);
+	if (!backend)
+		return;
 
 	git_sortedcache_free(backend->refcache);
 	git__free(backend->gitpath);
@@ -1618,8 +1609,9 @@ static char *setup_namespace(git_repository *repo, const char *in)
 			GIT_MKDIR_PATH, NULL) < 0)
 		goto done;
 
-	/* Return root of the namespaced gitpath, i.e. without the trailing '/refs' */
+	/* Return root of the namespaced gitpath, i.e. without the trailing 'refs' */
 	git_buf_rtruncate_at_char(&path, '/');
+	git_buf_putc(&path, '/');
 	out = git_buf_detach(&path);
 
 done:
@@ -1720,13 +1712,6 @@ static int create_new_reflog_file(const char *filepath)
 	return p_close(fd);
 }
 
-GIT_INLINE(int) retrieve_reflog_path(git_buf *path, git_repository *repo, const char *name)
-{
-	if (strcmp(name, GIT_HEAD_FILE) == 0)
-		return git_buf_join3(path, '/', repo->gitdir, GIT_REFLOG_DIR, name);
-	return git_buf_join3(path, '/', repo->commondir, GIT_REFLOG_DIR, name);
-}
-
 static int refdb_reflog_fs__ensure_log(git_refdb_backend *_backend, const char *name)
 {
 	refdb_fs_backend *backend;
@@ -1734,12 +1719,12 @@ static int refdb_reflog_fs__ensure_log(git_refdb_backend *_backend, const char *
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(_backend && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(_backend && name);
 
 	backend = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(_backend, refdb_fs_backend, parent);
 	repo = backend->repo;
 
-	if ((error = retrieve_reflog_path(&path, repo, name)) < 0)
+	if ((error = reflog_path(&path, repo, name)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	error = create_new_reflog_file(git_buf_cstr(&path));
@@ -1753,7 +1738,7 @@ static int has_reflog(git_repository *repo, const char *name)
 	int ret = 0;
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	if (retrieve_reflog_path(&path, repo, name) < 0)
+	if (reflog_path(&path, repo, name) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	ret = git_path_isfile(git_buf_cstr(&path));
@@ -1767,7 +1752,8 @@ static int refdb_reflog_fs__has_log(git_refdb_backend *_backend, const char *nam
 {
 	refdb_fs_backend *backend;
 
-	assert(_backend && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(_backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	backend = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(_backend, refdb_fs_backend, parent);
 
@@ -1783,7 +1769,9 @@ static int refdb_reflog_fs__read(git_reflog **out, git_refdb_backend *_backend, 
 	git_repository *repo;
 	refdb_fs_backend *backend;
 
-	assert(out && _backend && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(_backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	backend = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(_backend, refdb_fs_backend, parent);
 	repo = backend->repo;
@@ -1791,7 +1779,7 @@ static int refdb_reflog_fs__read(git_reflog **out, git_refdb_backend *_backend, 
 	if (reflog_alloc(&log, name) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	if (retrieve_reflog_path(&log_path, repo, name) < 0)
+	if (reflog_path(&log_path, repo, name) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	error = git_futils_readbuffer(&log_file, git_buf_cstr(&log_path));
@@ -1868,12 +1856,12 @@ static int lock_reflog(git_filebuf *file, refdb_fs_backend *backend, const char 
 
 	repo = backend->repo;
 
-	if (!git_path_isvalid(backend->repo, refname, 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_FILESYSTEM_DEFAULTS)) {
+	if (!git_path_validate(backend->repo, refname, 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_FILESYSTEM_DEFAULTS)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "invalid reference name '%s'", refname);
 		return GIT_EINVALIDSPEC;
 	}
 
-	if (retrieve_reflog_path(&log_path, repo, refname) < 0)
+	if (reflog_path(&log_path, repo, refname) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (!git_path_isfile(git_buf_cstr(&log_path))) {
@@ -1900,7 +1888,8 @@ static int refdb_reflog_fs__write(git_refdb_backend *_backend, git_reflog *reflo
 	git_buf log = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_filebuf fbuf = GIT_FILEBUF_INIT;
 
-	assert(_backend && reflog);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(_backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(reflog);
 
 	backend = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(_backend, refdb_fs_backend, parent);
 
@@ -1973,7 +1962,7 @@ static int reflog_append(refdb_fs_backend *backend, const git_reference *ref, co
 	if ((error = serialize_reflog_entry(&buf, &old_id, &new_id, who, message)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
-	if ((error = retrieve_reflog_path(&path, repo, ref->name)) < 0)
+	if ((error = reflog_path(&path, repo, ref->name)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	if (((error = git_futils_mkpath2file(git_buf_cstr(&path), 0777)) < 0) &&
@@ -2022,7 +2011,9 @@ static int refdb_reflog_fs__rename(git_refdb_backend *_backend, const char *old_
 	git_repository *repo;
 	refdb_fs_backend *backend;
 
-	assert(_backend && old_name && new_name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(_backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(old_name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(new_name);
 
 	backend = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(_backend, refdb_fs_backend, parent);
 	repo = backend->repo;
@@ -2034,11 +2025,11 @@ static int refdb_reflog_fs__rename(git_refdb_backend *_backend, const char *old_
 	if (git_buf_joinpath(&temp_path, repo->gitdir, GIT_REFLOG_DIR) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	if (git_buf_joinpath(&old_path, git_buf_cstr(&temp_path), old_name) < 0)
-		return -1;
+	if ((error = loose_path(&old_path, git_buf_cstr(&temp_path), old_name)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
-	if (git_buf_joinpath(&new_path, git_buf_cstr(&temp_path), git_buf_cstr(&normalized)) < 0)
-		return -1;
+	if ((error = loose_path(&new_path, git_buf_cstr(&temp_path), git_buf_cstr(&normalized))) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	if (!git_path_exists(git_buf_cstr(&old_path))) {
 		error = GIT_ENOTFOUND;
@@ -2052,8 +2043,8 @@ static int refdb_reflog_fs__rename(git_refdb_backend *_backend, const char *old_
 	 *  - a/b -> a/b/c
 	 *  - a/b/c/d -> a/b/c
 	 */
-	if (git_buf_joinpath(&temp_path, git_buf_cstr(&temp_path), "temp_reflog") < 0)
-		return -1;
+	if ((error = loose_path(&temp_path, git_buf_cstr(&temp_path), "temp_reflog")) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	if ((fd = git_futils_mktmp(&temp_path, git_buf_cstr(&temp_path), GIT_REFLOG_FILE_MODE)) < 0) {
 		error = -1;
@@ -2099,9 +2090,10 @@ static int refdb_reflog_fs__delete(git_refdb_backend *_backend, const char *name
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(_backend && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(_backend);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
-	if ((error = retrieve_reflog_path(&path, backend->repo, name)) < 0)
+	if ((error = reflog_path(&path, backend->repo, name)) < 0)
 		goto out;
 
 	if (!git_path_exists(path.ptr))
@@ -2110,7 +2102,7 @@ static int refdb_reflog_fs__delete(git_refdb_backend *_backend, const char *name
 	if ((error = p_unlink(path.ptr)) < 0)
 		goto out;
 
-	refdb_fs_backend__prune_refs(backend, name, GIT_REFLOG_DIR);
+	error = refdb_fs_backend__prune_refs(backend, name, GIT_REFLOG_DIR);
 
 out:
 	git_buf_dispose(&path);
@@ -2129,6 +2121,9 @@ int git_refdb_backend_fs(
 	backend = git__calloc(1, sizeof(refdb_fs_backend));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(backend);
 
+	if (git_refdb_init_backend(&backend->parent, GIT_REFDB_BACKEND_VERSION) < 0)
+		goto fail;
+
 	backend->repo = repository;
 
 	if (repository->gitdir) {
diff --git a/src/refdb_fs.h b/src/refdb_fs.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0c84814..0000000
--- a/src/refdb_fs.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-#ifndef INCLUDE_refdb_fs_h__
-#define INCLUDE_refdb_fs_h__
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include "strmap.h"
-
-typedef struct {
-	git_strmap *packfile;
-	time_t packfile_time;
-} git_refcache;
-
-#endif
diff --git a/src/reflog.c b/src/reflog.c
index 24dada0..1e9c0d4 100644
--- a/src/reflog.c
+++ b/src/reflog.c
@@ -12,12 +12,8 @@
 #include "signature.h"
 #include "refdb.h"
 
-#include <git2/sys/refdb_backend.h>
-
-git_reflog_entry *git_reflog_entry__alloc(void)
-{
-	return git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_reflog_entry));
-}
+#include "git2/sys/refdb_backend.h"
+#include "git2/sys/reflog.h"
 
 void git_reflog_entry__free(git_reflog_entry *entry)
 {
@@ -54,7 +50,9 @@ int git_reflog_read(git_reflog **reflog, git_repository *repo,  const char *name
 	git_refdb *refdb;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(reflog && repo && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(reflog);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	if ((error = git_repository_refdb__weakptr(&refdb, repo)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -66,7 +64,8 @@ int git_reflog_write(git_reflog *reflog)
 {
 	git_refdb *db;
 
-	assert(reflog && reflog->db);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(reflog);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(reflog->db);
 
 	db = reflog->db;
 	return db->backend->reflog_write(db->backend, reflog);
@@ -77,7 +76,9 @@ int git_reflog_append(git_reflog *reflog, const git_oid *new_oid, const git_sign
 	const git_reflog_entry *previous;
 	git_reflog_entry *entry;
 
-	assert(reflog && new_oid && committer);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(reflog);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(new_oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(committer);
 
 	entry = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_reflog_entry));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(entry);
@@ -143,13 +144,13 @@ int git_reflog_delete(git_repository *repo, const char *name)
 
 size_t git_reflog_entrycount(git_reflog *reflog)
 {
-	assert(reflog);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(reflog, 0);
 	return reflog->entries.length;
 }
 
-const git_reflog_entry * git_reflog_entry_byindex(const git_reflog *reflog, size_t idx)
+const git_reflog_entry *git_reflog_entry_byindex(const git_reflog *reflog, size_t idx)
 {
-	assert(reflog);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(reflog, NULL);
 
 	if (idx >= reflog->entries.length)
 		return NULL;
@@ -158,27 +159,27 @@ const git_reflog_entry * git_reflog_entry_byindex(const git_reflog *reflog, size
 		&reflog->entries, reflog_inverse_index(idx, reflog->entries.length));
 }
 
-const git_oid * git_reflog_entry_id_old(const git_reflog_entry *entry)
+const git_oid *git_reflog_entry_id_old(const git_reflog_entry *entry)
 {
-	assert(entry);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(entry, NULL);
 	return &entry->oid_old;
 }
 
-const git_oid * git_reflog_entry_id_new(const git_reflog_entry *entry)
+const git_oid *git_reflog_entry_id_new(const git_reflog_entry *entry)
 {
-	assert(entry);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(entry, NULL);
 	return &entry->oid_cur;
 }
 
-const git_signature * git_reflog_entry_committer(const git_reflog_entry *entry)
+const git_signature *git_reflog_entry_committer(const git_reflog_entry *entry)
 {
-	assert(entry);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(entry, NULL);
 	return entry->committer;
 }
 
-const char * git_reflog_entry_message(const git_reflog_entry *entry)
+const char *git_reflog_entry_message(const git_reflog_entry *entry)
 {
-	assert(entry);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(entry, NULL);
 	return entry->msg;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/refs.c b/src/refs.c
index 633d83a..4900afa 100644
--- a/src/refs.c
+++ b/src/refs.c
@@ -27,9 +27,6 @@
 
 bool git_reference__enable_symbolic_ref_target_validation = true;
 
-#define DEFAULT_NESTING_LEVEL	5
-#define MAX_NESTING_LEVEL		10
-
 enum {
 	GIT_PACKREF_HAS_PEEL = 1,
 	GIT_PACKREF_WAS_LOOSE = 2
@@ -53,7 +50,8 @@ git_reference *git_reference__alloc_symbolic(
 {
 	git_reference *ref;
 
-	assert(name && target);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(name, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(target, NULL);
 
 	ref = alloc_ref(name);
 	if (!ref)
@@ -76,7 +74,8 @@ git_reference *git_reference__alloc(
 {
 	git_reference *ref;
 
-	assert(name && oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(name, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(oid, NULL);
 
 	ref = alloc_ref(name);
 	if (!ref)
@@ -97,7 +96,8 @@ git_reference *git_reference__realloc(
 	size_t namelen, reflen;
 	git_reference *rewrite = NULL;
 
-	assert(ptr_to_ref && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(ptr_to_ref, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(name, NULL);
 
 	namelen = strlen(name);
 
@@ -214,92 +214,37 @@ int git_reference_lookup_resolved(
 	const char *name,
 	int max_nesting)
 {
-	git_refname_t scan_name;
-	git_reference_t scan_type;
-	int error = 0, nesting;
-	git_reference *ref = NULL;
+	git_refname_t normalized;
 	git_refdb *refdb;
+	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(ref_out && repo && name);
-
-	*ref_out = NULL;
-
-	if (max_nesting > MAX_NESTING_LEVEL)
-		max_nesting = MAX_NESTING_LEVEL;
-	else if (max_nesting < 0)
-		max_nesting = DEFAULT_NESTING_LEVEL;
-
-	scan_type = GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC;
-
-	if ((error = reference_normalize_for_repo(scan_name, repo, name, true)) < 0)
-		return error;
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
-	if ((error = git_repository_refdb__weakptr(&refdb, repo)) < 0)
+	if ((error = reference_normalize_for_repo(normalized, repo, name, true)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_repository_refdb__weakptr(&refdb, repo)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_refdb_resolve(ref_out, refdb, normalized, max_nesting)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
-	for (nesting = max_nesting;
-		 nesting >= 0 && scan_type == GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC;
-		 nesting--)
-	{
-		if (nesting != max_nesting) {
-			strncpy(scan_name, ref->target.symbolic, sizeof(scan_name));
-			git_reference_free(ref);
-		}
-
-		if ((error = git_refdb_lookup(&ref, refdb, scan_name)) < 0)
-			return error;
-
-		scan_type = ref->type;
-	}
-
-	if (scan_type != GIT_REFERENCE_DIRECT && max_nesting != 0) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REFERENCE,
-			"cannot resolve reference (>%u levels deep)", max_nesting);
-		git_reference_free(ref);
-		return -1;
+	/*
+	 * The resolved reference may be a symbolic reference in case its
+	 * target doesn't exist. If the user asked us to resolve (e.g.
+	 * `max_nesting != 0`), then we need to return an error in case we got
+	 * a symbolic reference back.
+	 */
+	if (max_nesting && git_reference_type(*ref_out) == GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC) {
+		git_reference_free(*ref_out);
+		*ref_out = NULL;
+		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
 	}
 
-	*ref_out = ref;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int git_reference__read_head(
-	git_reference **out,
-	git_repository *repo,
-	const char *path)
-{
-	git_buf reference = GIT_BUF_INIT;
-	char *name = NULL;
-	int error;
-
-	if ((error = git_futils_readbuffer(&reference, path)) < 0)
-		goto out;
-	git_buf_rtrim(&reference);
-
-	if (git__strncmp(reference.ptr, GIT_SYMREF, strlen(GIT_SYMREF)) == 0) {
-		git_buf_consume(&reference, reference.ptr + strlen(GIT_SYMREF));
-
-		name = git_path_basename(path);
-
-		if ((*out = git_reference__alloc_symbolic(name, reference.ptr)) == NULL) {
-			error = -1;
-			goto out;
-		}
-	} else {
-		if ((error = git_reference_lookup(out, repo, reference.ptr)) < 0)
-			goto out;
-	}
-
-out:
-	git__free(name);
-	git_buf_dispose(&reference);
-
-	return error;
-}
-
 int git_reference_dwim(git_reference **out, git_repository *repo, const char *refname)
 {
-	int error = 0, i;
+	int error = 0, i, valid;
 	bool fallbackmode = true, foundvalid = false;
 	git_reference *ref;
 	git_buf refnamebuf = GIT_BUF_INIT, name = GIT_BUF_INIT;
@@ -325,10 +270,11 @@ int git_reference_dwim(git_reference **out, git_repository *repo, const char *re
 
 		git_buf_clear(&refnamebuf);
 
-		if ((error = git_buf_printf(&refnamebuf, formatters[i], git_buf_cstr(&name))) < 0)
+		if ((error = git_buf_printf(&refnamebuf, formatters[i], git_buf_cstr(&name))) < 0 ||
+		    (error = git_reference_name_is_valid(&valid, git_buf_cstr(&refnamebuf))) < 0)
 			goto cleanup;
 
-		if (!git_reference_is_valid_name(git_buf_cstr(&refnamebuf))) {
+		if (!valid) {
 			error = GIT_EINVALIDSPEC;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -366,25 +312,25 @@ cleanup:
  */
 git_reference_t git_reference_type(const git_reference *ref)
 {
-	assert(ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref);
 	return ref->type;
 }
 
 const char *git_reference_name(const git_reference *ref)
 {
-	assert(ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(ref, NULL);
 	return ref->name;
 }
 
 git_repository *git_reference_owner(const git_reference *ref)
 {
-	assert(ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(ref, NULL);
 	return ref->db->repo;
 }
 
 const git_oid *git_reference_target(const git_reference *ref)
 {
-	assert(ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(ref, NULL);
 
 	if (ref->type != GIT_REFERENCE_DIRECT)
 		return NULL;
@@ -394,7 +340,7 @@ const git_oid *git_reference_target(const git_reference *ref)
 
 const git_oid *git_reference_target_peel(const git_reference *ref)
 {
-	assert(ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(ref, NULL);
 
 	if (ref->type != GIT_REFERENCE_DIRECT || git_oid_is_zero(&ref->peel))
 		return NULL;
@@ -404,7 +350,7 @@ const git_oid *git_reference_target_peel(const git_reference *ref)
 
 const char *git_reference_symbolic_target(const git_reference *ref)
 {
-	assert(ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(ref, NULL);
 
 	if (ref->type != GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC)
 		return NULL;
@@ -429,8 +375,9 @@ static int reference__create(
 	git_reference *ref = NULL;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(repo && name);
-	assert(symbolic || signature);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(symbolic || signature);
 
 	if (ref_out)
 		*ref_out = NULL;
@@ -444,7 +391,7 @@ static int reference__create(
 		return error;
 
 	if (oid != NULL) {
-		assert(symbolic == NULL);
+		GIT_ASSERT(symbolic == NULL);
 
 		if (!git_object__is_valid(repo, oid, GIT_OBJECT_ANY)) {
 			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REFERENCE,
@@ -480,7 +427,7 @@ static int reference__create(
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int configured_ident(git_signature **out, const git_repository *repo)
+static int refs_configured_ident(git_signature **out, const git_repository *repo)
 {
 	if (repo->ident_name && repo->ident_email)
 		return git_signature_now(out, repo->ident_name, repo->ident_email);
@@ -494,7 +441,7 @@ int git_reference__log_signature(git_signature **out, git_repository *repo)
 	int error;
 	git_signature *who;
 
-	if(((error = configured_ident(&who, repo)) < 0) &&
+	if(((error = refs_configured_ident(&who, repo)) < 0) &&
 	   ((error = git_signature_default(&who, repo)) < 0) &&
 	   ((error = git_signature_now(&who, "unknown", "unknown")) < 0))
 		return error;
@@ -516,7 +463,7 @@ int git_reference_create_matching(
 	int error;
 	git_signature *who = NULL;
 
-	assert(id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
 
 	if ((error = git_reference__log_signature(&who, repo)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -551,7 +498,7 @@ int git_reference_symbolic_create_matching(
 	int error;
 	git_signature *who = NULL;
 
-	assert(target);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(target);
 
 	if ((error = git_reference__log_signature(&who, repo)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -592,7 +539,9 @@ int git_reference_set_target(
 	int error;
 	git_repository *repo;
 
-	assert(out && ref && id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
 
 	repo = ref->db->repo;
 
@@ -619,7 +568,9 @@ int git_reference_symbolic_set_target(
 {
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && ref && target);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(target);
 
 	if ((error = ensure_is_an_updatable_symbolic_reference(ref)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -631,84 +582,33 @@ int git_reference_symbolic_set_target(
 typedef struct {
     const char *old_name;
     git_refname_t new_name;
-} rename_cb_data;
+} refs_update_head_payload;
 
-static int update_wt_heads(git_repository *repo, const char *path, void *payload)
+static int refs_update_head(git_repository *worktree, void *_payload)
 {
-	rename_cb_data *data = (rename_cb_data *) payload;
-	git_reference *head = NULL;
-	char *gitdir = NULL;
+	refs_update_head_payload *payload = (refs_update_head_payload *)_payload;
+	git_reference *head = NULL, *updated = NULL;
 	int error;
 
-	if ((error = git_reference__read_head(&head, repo, path)) < 0) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REFERENCE, "could not read HEAD when renaming references");
-		goto out;
-	}
-
-	if ((gitdir = git_path_dirname(path)) == NULL) {
-		error = -1;
+	if ((error = git_reference_lookup(&head, worktree, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
 		goto out;
-	}
 
 	if (git_reference_type(head) != GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC ||
-	    git__strcmp(head->target.symbolic, data->old_name) != 0) {
-		error = 0;
+	    git__strcmp(git_reference_symbolic_target(head), payload->old_name) != 0)
 		goto out;
-	}
 
-	/* Update HEAD it was pointing to the reference being renamed */
-	if ((error = git_repository_create_head(gitdir, data->new_name)) < 0) {
+	/* Update HEAD if it was pointing to the reference being renamed */
+	if ((error = git_reference_symbolic_set_target(&updated, head, payload->new_name, NULL)) < 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REFERENCE, "failed to update HEAD after renaming reference");
 		goto out;
 	}
 
 out:
+	git_reference_free(updated);
 	git_reference_free(head);
-	git__free(gitdir);
-
 	return error;
 }
 
-static int reference__rename(git_reference **out, git_reference *ref, const char *new_name, int force,
-				 const git_signature *signature, const char *message)
-{
-	git_repository *repo;
-	git_refname_t normalized;
-	bool should_head_be_updated = false;
-	int error = 0;
-
-	assert(ref && new_name && signature);
-
-	repo = git_reference_owner(ref);
-
-	if ((error = reference_normalize_for_repo(
-		normalized, repo, new_name, true)) < 0)
-		return error;
-
-	/* Check if we have to update HEAD. */
-	if ((error = git_branch_is_head(ref)) < 0)
-		return error;
-
-	should_head_be_updated = (error > 0);
-
-	if ((error = git_refdb_rename(out, ref->db, ref->name, normalized, force, signature, message)) < 0)
-		return error;
-
-	/* Update HEAD if it was pointing to the reference being renamed */
-	if (should_head_be_updated) {
-		error = git_repository_set_head(ref->db->repo, normalized);
-	} else {
-		rename_cb_data payload;
-		payload.old_name = ref->name;
-		memcpy(&payload.new_name, &normalized, sizeof(normalized));
-
-		error = git_repository_foreach_head(repo, update_wt_heads, 0, &payload);
-	}
-
-	return error;
-}
-
-
 int git_reference_rename(
 	git_reference **out,
 	git_reference *ref,
@@ -716,17 +616,29 @@ int git_reference_rename(
 	int force,
 	const char *log_message)
 {
-	git_signature *who;
+	refs_update_head_payload payload;
+	git_signature *signature = NULL;
+	git_repository *repo;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref);
 
-	if ((error = git_reference__log_signature(&who, ref->db->repo)) < 0)
-		return error;
+	repo = git_reference_owner(ref);
 
-	error = reference__rename(out, ref, new_name, force, who, log_message);
-	git_signature_free(who);
+	if ((error = git_reference__log_signature(&signature, repo)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = reference_normalize_for_repo(payload.new_name, repo, new_name, true)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_refdb_rename(out, ref->db, ref->name, payload.new_name, force, signature, log_message)) < 0)
+		goto out;
 
+	payload.old_name = ref->name;
+
+	/* We may have to update any HEAD that was pointing to the renamed reference. */
+	if ((error = git_repository_foreach_worktree(repo, refs_update_head, &payload)) < 0)
+		goto out;
+
+out:
+	git_signature_free(signature);
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -876,7 +788,8 @@ int git_reference_list(
 {
 	git_vector ref_list;
 
-	assert(array && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(array);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	array->strings = NULL;
 	array->count = 0;
@@ -960,7 +873,8 @@ static bool is_all_caps_and_underscore(const char *name, size_t len)
 	size_t i;
 	char c;
 
-	assert(name && len > 0);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(len > 0);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
 	{
@@ -991,7 +905,7 @@ int git_reference__normalize_name(
 	git_path_iconv_t ic = GIT_PATH_ICONV_INIT;
 #endif
 
-	assert(name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	process_flags = flags;
 	current = (char *)name;
@@ -1123,7 +1037,8 @@ int git_reference_normalize_name(
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
-	git_buf_copy_cstr(buffer_out, buffer_size, &buf);
+	if ((error = git_buf_copy_cstr(buffer_out, buffer_size, &buf)) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
 
 	error = 0;
 
@@ -1139,7 +1054,9 @@ int git_reference_cmp(
 	const git_reference *ref2)
 {
 	git_reference_t type1, type2;
-	assert(ref1 && ref2);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref1);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref2);
 
 	type1 = git_reference_type(ref1);
 	type2 = git_reference_type(ref2);
@@ -1154,40 +1071,6 @@ int git_reference_cmp(
 	return git_oid__cmp(&ref1->target.oid, &ref2->target.oid);
 }
 
-/**
- * Get the end of a chain of references. If the final one is not
- * found, we return the reference just before that.
- */
-static int get_terminal(git_reference **out, git_repository *repo, const char *ref_name, int nesting)
-{
-	git_reference *ref;
-	int error = 0;
-
-	if (nesting > MAX_NESTING_LEVEL) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REFERENCE, "reference chain too deep (%d)", nesting);
-		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
-	}
-
-	/* set to NULL to let the caller know that they're at the end of the chain */
-	if ((error = git_reference_lookup(&ref, repo, ref_name)) < 0) {
-		*out = NULL;
-		return error;
-	}
-
-	if (git_reference_type(ref) == GIT_REFERENCE_DIRECT) {
-		*out = ref;
-		error = 0;
-	} else {
-		error = get_terminal(out, repo, git_reference_symbolic_target(ref), nesting + 1);
-		if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND && !*out)
-			*out = ref;
-		else
-			git_reference_free(ref);
-	}
-
-	return error;
-}
-
 /*
  * Starting with the reference given by `ref_name`, follows symbolic
  * references until a direct reference is found and updated the OID
@@ -1202,31 +1085,37 @@ int git_reference__update_terminal(
 {
 	git_reference *ref = NULL, *ref2 = NULL;
 	git_signature *who = NULL;
+	git_refdb *refdb = NULL;
 	const git_signature *to_use;
 	int error = 0;
 
 	if (!sig && (error = git_reference__log_signature(&who, repo)) < 0)
-		return error;
+		goto out;
 
 	to_use = sig ? sig : who;
-	error = get_terminal(&ref, repo, ref_name, 0);
 
-	/* found a dangling symref */
-	if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND && ref) {
-		assert(git_reference_type(ref) == GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC);
-		git_error_clear();
+	if ((error = git_repository_refdb__weakptr(&refdb, repo)) < 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	if ((error = git_refdb_resolve(&ref, refdb, ref_name, -1)) < 0) {
+		if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND) {
+			git_error_clear();
+			error = reference__create(&ref2, repo, ref_name, oid, NULL, 0, to_use,
+						  log_message, NULL, NULL);
+		}
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* In case the resolved reference is symbolic, then it's a dangling symref. */
+	if (git_reference_type(ref) == GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC) {
 		error = reference__create(&ref2, repo, ref->target.symbolic, oid, NULL, 0, to_use,
 					  log_message, NULL, NULL);
-	} else if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND) {
-		git_error_clear();
-		error = reference__create(&ref2, repo, ref_name, oid, NULL, 0, to_use,
-					  log_message, NULL, NULL);
-	}  else if (error == 0) {
-		assert(git_reference_type(ref) == GIT_REFERENCE_DIRECT);
+	} else {
 		error = reference__create(&ref2, repo, ref->name, oid, NULL, 1, to_use,
 					  log_message, &ref->target.oid, NULL);
 	}
 
+out:
 	git_reference_free(ref2);
 	git_reference_free(ref);
 	git_signature_free(who);
@@ -1290,7 +1179,8 @@ int git_reference_has_log(git_repository *repo, const char *refname)
 	int error;
 	git_refdb *refdb;
 
-	assert(repo && refname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refname);
 
 	if ((error = git_repository_refdb__weakptr(&refdb, repo)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -1303,7 +1193,8 @@ int git_reference_ensure_log(git_repository *repo, const char *refname)
 	int error;
 	git_refdb *refdb;
 
-	assert(repo && refname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refname);
 
 	if ((error = git_repository_refdb__weakptr(&refdb, repo)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -1318,7 +1209,7 @@ int git_reference__is_branch(const char *ref_name)
 
 int git_reference_is_branch(const git_reference *ref)
 {
-	assert(ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref);
 	return git_reference__is_branch(ref->name);
 }
 
@@ -1329,7 +1220,7 @@ int git_reference__is_remote(const char *ref_name)
 
 int git_reference_is_remote(const git_reference *ref)
 {
-	assert(ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref);
 	return git_reference__is_remote(ref->name);
 }
 
@@ -1340,7 +1231,7 @@ int git_reference__is_tag(const char *ref_name)
 
 int git_reference_is_tag(const git_reference *ref)
 {
-	assert(ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref);
 	return git_reference__is_tag(ref->name);
 }
 
@@ -1351,7 +1242,7 @@ int git_reference__is_note(const char *ref_name)
 
 int git_reference_is_note(const git_reference *ref)
 {
-	assert(ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref);
 	return git_reference__is_note(ref->name);
 }
 
@@ -1373,7 +1264,7 @@ int git_reference_peel(
 	git_object *target = NULL;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref);
 
 	if (ref->type == GIT_REFERENCE_DIRECT) {
 		resolved = ref;
@@ -1415,19 +1306,30 @@ cleanup:
 	return error;
 }
 
-int git_reference__is_valid_name(const char *refname, unsigned int flags)
+int git_reference__name_is_valid(
+	int *valid,
+	const char *refname,
+	unsigned int flags)
 {
-	if (git_reference__normalize_name(NULL, refname, flags) < 0) {
-		git_error_clear();
-		return false;
-	}
+	int error;
 
-	return true;
+	GIT_ASSERT(valid && refname);
+
+	*valid = 0;
+
+	error = git_reference__normalize_name(NULL, refname, flags);
+
+	if (!error)
+		*valid = 1;
+	else if (error == GIT_EINVALIDSPEC)
+		error = 0;
+
+	return error;
 }
 
-int git_reference_is_valid_name(const char *refname)
+int git_reference_name_is_valid(int *valid, const char *refname)
 {
-	return git_reference__is_valid_name(refname, GIT_REFERENCE_FORMAT_ALLOW_ONELEVEL);
+	return git_reference__name_is_valid(valid, refname, GIT_REFERENCE_FORMAT_ALLOW_ONELEVEL);
 }
 
 const char *git_reference__shorthand(const char *name)
@@ -1441,7 +1343,7 @@ const char *git_reference__shorthand(const char *name)
 	else if (!git__prefixcmp(name, GIT_REFS_DIR))
 		return name + strlen(GIT_REFS_DIR);
 
-	/* No shorthands are avaiable, so just return the name */
+	/* No shorthands are available, so just return the name. */
 	return name;
 }
 
@@ -1454,7 +1356,10 @@ int git_reference__is_unborn_head(bool *unborn, const git_reference *ref, git_re
 {
 	int error;
 	git_reference *tmp_ref;
-	assert(unborn && ref && repo);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(unborn);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	if (ref->type == GIT_REFERENCE_DIRECT) {
 		*unborn = 0;
@@ -1473,3 +1378,18 @@ int git_reference__is_unborn_head(bool *unborn, const git_reference *ref, git_re
 
 	return 0;
 }
+
+/* Deprecated functions */
+
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
+
+int git_reference_is_valid_name(const char *refname)
+{
+	int valid = 0;
+
+	git_reference__name_is_valid(&valid, refname, GIT_REFERENCE_FORMAT_ALLOW_ONELEVEL);
+
+	return valid;
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/refs.h b/src/refs.h
index adc345a..376a512 100644
--- a/src/refs.h
+++ b/src/refs.h
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ extern bool git_reference__enable_symbolic_ref_target_validation;
 #define GIT_REBASE_APPLY_DIR "rebase-apply/"
 #define GIT_REBASE_APPLY_REBASING_FILE GIT_REBASE_APPLY_DIR "rebasing"
 #define GIT_REBASE_APPLY_APPLYING_FILE GIT_REBASE_APPLY_DIR "applying"
-#define GIT_REFS_HEADS_MASTER_FILE GIT_REFS_HEADS_DIR "master"
 
 #define GIT_SEQUENCER_DIR "sequencer/"
 #define GIT_SEQUENCER_HEAD_FILE GIT_SEQUENCER_DIR "head"
@@ -86,10 +85,11 @@ git_reference *git_reference__realloc(git_reference **ptr_to_ref, const char *na
 
 int git_reference__normalize_name(git_buf *buf, const char *name, unsigned int flags);
 int git_reference__update_terminal(git_repository *repo, const char *ref_name, const git_oid *oid, const git_signature *sig, const char *log_message);
-int git_reference__is_valid_name(const char *refname, unsigned int flags);
+int git_reference__name_is_valid(int *valid, const char *name, unsigned int flags);
 int git_reference__is_branch(const char *ref_name);
 int git_reference__is_remote(const char *ref_name);
 int git_reference__is_tag(const char *ref_name);
+int git_reference__is_note(const char *ref_name);
 const char *git_reference__shorthand(const char *name);
 
 /**
@@ -115,24 +115,6 @@ int git_reference_lookup_resolved(
 	const char *name,
 	int max_deref);
 
-/**
- * Read reference from a file.
- *
- * This function will read in the file at `path`. If it is a
- * symref, it will return a new unresolved symbolic reference
- * with the given name pointing to the reference pointed to by
- * the file. If it is not a symbolic reference, it will return
- * the resolved reference.
- *
- * Note that because the refdb is not involved for symbolic references, they
- * won't be owned, hence you should either not make the returned reference
- * 'externally visible', or perform the lookup before returning it to the user.
- */
-int git_reference__read_head(
-	git_reference **out,
-	git_repository *repo,
-	const char *path);
-
 int git_reference__log_signature(git_signature **out, git_repository *repo);
 
 /** Update a reference after a commit. */
diff --git a/src/refspec.c b/src/refspec.c
index 854240a..d0be29b 100644
--- a/src/refspec.c
+++ b/src/refspec.c
@@ -21,9 +21,11 @@ int git_refspec__parse(git_refspec *refspec, const char *input, bool is_fetch)
 	size_t llen;
 	int is_glob = 0;
 	const char *lhs, *rhs;
-	int flags;
+	int valid = 0;
+	unsigned int flags;
 
-	assert(refspec && input);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refspec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(input);
 
 	memset(refspec, 0x0, sizeof(git_refspec));
 	refspec->push = !is_fetch;
@@ -75,57 +77,69 @@ int git_refspec__parse(git_refspec *refspec, const char *input, bool is_fetch)
 
 	if (is_fetch) {
 		/*
-			* LHS
-			* - empty is allowed; it means HEAD.
-			* - otherwise it must be a valid looking ref.
-			*/
+		 * LHS
+		 * - empty is allowed; it means HEAD.
+		 * - otherwise it must be a valid looking ref.
+		 */
 		if (!*refspec->src)
 			; /* empty is ok */
-		else if (!git_reference__is_valid_name(refspec->src, flags))
+		else if (git_reference__name_is_valid(&valid, refspec->src, flags) < 0)
+			goto on_error;
+		else if (!valid)
 			goto invalid;
+
 		/*
-			* RHS
-			* - missing is ok, and is same as empty.
-			* - empty is ok; it means not to store.
-			* - otherwise it must be a valid looking ref.
-			*/
+		 * RHS
+		 * - missing is ok, and is same as empty.
+		 * - empty is ok; it means not to store.
+		 * - otherwise it must be a valid looking ref.
+		 */
 		if (!refspec->dst)
 			; /* ok */
 		else if (!*refspec->dst)
 			; /* ok */
-		else if (!git_reference__is_valid_name(refspec->dst, flags))
+		else if (git_reference__name_is_valid(&valid, refspec->dst, flags) < 0)
+			goto on_error;
+		else if (!valid)
 			goto invalid;
 	} else {
 		/*
-			* LHS
-			* - empty is allowed; it means delete.
-			* - when wildcarded, it must be a valid looking ref.
-			* - otherwise, it must be an extended SHA-1, but
-			*   there is no existing way to validate this.
-			*/
+		 * LHS
+		 * - empty is allowed; it means delete.
+		 * - when wildcarded, it must be a valid looking ref.
+		 * - otherwise, it must be an extended SHA-1, but
+		 *   there is no existing way to validate this.
+		 */
 		if (!*refspec->src)
 			; /* empty is ok */
 		else if (is_glob) {
-			if (!git_reference__is_valid_name(refspec->src, flags))
+			if (git_reference__name_is_valid(&valid, refspec->src, flags) < 0)
+				goto on_error;
+			else if (!valid)
 				goto invalid;
 		}
 		else {
 			; /* anything goes, for now */
 		}
+
 		/*
-			* RHS
-			* - missing is allowed, but LHS then must be a
-			*   valid looking ref.
-			* - empty is not allowed.
-			* - otherwise it must be a valid looking ref.
-			*/
+		 * RHS
+		 * - missing is allowed, but LHS then must be a
+		 *   valid looking ref.
+		 * - empty is not allowed.
+		 * - otherwise it must be a valid looking ref.
+		 */
 		if (!refspec->dst) {
-			if (!git_reference__is_valid_name(refspec->src, flags))
+			if (git_reference__name_is_valid(&valid, refspec->src, flags) < 0)
+				goto on_error;
+			else if (!valid)
 				goto invalid;
 		} else if (!*refspec->dst) {
 			goto invalid;
 		} else {
-			if (!git_reference__is_valid_name(refspec->dst, flags))
+			if (git_reference__name_is_valid(&valid, refspec->dst, flags) < 0)
+				goto on_error;
+			else if (!valid)
 				goto invalid;
 		}
 
@@ -141,11 +155,14 @@ int git_refspec__parse(git_refspec *refspec, const char *input, bool is_fetch)
 
 	return 0;
 
- invalid:
-        git_error_set(
-                GIT_ERROR_INVALID,
-                "'%s' is not a valid refspec.", input);
-        git_refspec__dispose(refspec);
+invalid:
+	git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID,
+	              "'%s' is not a valid refspec.", input);
+	git_refspec__dispose(refspec);
+	return GIT_EINVALIDSPEC;
+
+on_error:
+	git_refspec__dispose(refspec);
 	return -1;
 }
 
@@ -164,7 +181,8 @@ void git_refspec__dispose(git_refspec *refspec)
 int git_refspec_parse(git_refspec **out_refspec, const char *input, int is_fetch)
 {
 	git_refspec *refspec;
-	assert(out_refspec && input);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out_refspec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(input);
 
 	*out_refspec = NULL;
 
@@ -203,7 +221,7 @@ const char *git_refspec_string(const git_refspec *refspec)
 
 int git_refspec_force(const git_refspec *refspec)
 {
-	assert(refspec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refspec);
 
 	return refspec->force;
 }
@@ -229,8 +247,11 @@ static int refspec_transform(
 {
 	const char *from_star, *to_star;
 	size_t replacement_len, star_offset;
+	int error;
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
 	git_buf_clear(out);
 
 	/*
@@ -242,7 +263,7 @@ static int refspec_transform(
 	from_star = strchr(from, '*');
 	to_star = strchr(to, '*');
 
-	assert(from_star && to_star);
+	GIT_ASSERT(from_star && to_star);
 
 	/* star offset, both in 'from' and in 'name' */
 	star_offset = from_star - from;
@@ -262,8 +283,14 @@ static int refspec_transform(
 
 int git_refspec_transform(git_buf *out, const git_refspec *spec, const char *name)
 {
-	assert(out && spec && name);
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
+	int error;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(spec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	if (!git_refspec_src_matches(spec, name)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "ref '%s' doesn't match the source", name);
@@ -278,8 +305,14 @@ int git_refspec_transform(git_buf *out, const git_refspec *spec, const char *nam
 
 int git_refspec_rtransform(git_buf *out, const git_refspec *spec, const char *name)
 {
-	assert(out && spec && name);
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
+	int error;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(spec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	if (!git_refspec_dst_matches(spec, name)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "ref '%s' doesn't match the destination", name);
@@ -306,14 +339,15 @@ int git_refspec__serialize(git_buf *out, const git_refspec *refspec)
 
 int git_refspec_is_wildcard(const git_refspec *spec)
 {
-	assert(spec && spec->src);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(spec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(spec->src);
 
 	return (spec->src[strlen(spec->src) - 1] == '*');
 }
 
 git_direction git_refspec_direction(const git_refspec *spec)
 {
-	assert(spec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(spec);
 
 	return spec->push;
 }
@@ -332,7 +366,9 @@ int git_refspec__dwim_one(git_vector *out, git_refspec *spec, git_vector *refs)
 		NULL
 	};
 
-	assert(out && spec && refs);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(spec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refs);
 
 	cur = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_refspec));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(cur);
diff --git a/src/regexp.c b/src/regexp.c
index 5fe49f3..c1b9ef4 100644
--- a/src/regexp.c
+++ b/src/regexp.c
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 int git_regexp_compile(git_regexp *r, const char *pattern, int flags)
 {
 	int erroffset, cflags = 0;
-	const char *error;
+	const char *error = NULL;
 
 	if (flags & GIT_REGEXP_ICASE)
 		cflags |= PCRE_CASELESS;
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ int git_regexp_match(const git_regexp *r, const char *string)
 
 int git_regexp_search(const git_regexp *r, const char *string, size_t nmatches, git_regmatch *matches)
 {
-	int static_ovec[9], *ovec;
+	int static_ovec[9] = {0}, *ovec;
 	int error;
 	size_t i;
 
diff --git a/src/remote.c b/src/remote.c
index 740dd94..ec68cc0 100644
--- a/src/remote.c
+++ b/src/remote.c
@@ -82,9 +82,11 @@ static int download_tags_value(git_remote *remote, git_config *cfg)
 
 static int ensure_remote_name_is_valid(const char *name)
 {
-	int error = 0;
+	int valid, error;
+
+	error = git_remote_name_is_valid(&valid, name);
 
-	if (!git_remote_is_valid_name(name)) {
+	if (!error && !valid) {
 		git_error_set(
 			GIT_ERROR_CONFIG,
 			"'%s' is not a valid remote name.", name ? name : "(null)");
@@ -110,12 +112,8 @@ static int write_add_refspec(git_repository *repo, const char *name, const char 
 	if ((error = ensure_remote_name_is_valid(name)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
-	if ((error = git_refspec__parse(&spec, refspec, fetch)) < 0) {
-		if (git_error_last()->klass != GIT_ERROR_NOMEMORY)
-			error = GIT_EINVALIDSPEC;
-
+	if ((error = git_refspec__parse(&spec, refspec, fetch)) < 0)
 		return error;
-	}
 
 	git_refspec__dispose(&spec);
 
@@ -123,7 +121,7 @@ static int write_add_refspec(git_repository *repo, const char *name, const char 
 		return error;
 
 	/*
-	 * "$^" is a unmatcheable regexp: it will not match anything at all, so
+	 * "$^" is an unmatchable regexp: it will not match anything at all, so
 	 * all values will be considered new and we will not replace any
 	 * present value.
 	 */
@@ -195,10 +193,12 @@ int git_remote_create_options_init(git_remote_create_options *opts, unsigned int
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_remote_create_init_options(git_remote_create_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_remote_create_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 int git_remote_create_with_opts(git_remote **out, const char *url, const git_remote_create_options *opts)
 {
@@ -210,7 +210,8 @@ int git_remote_create_with_opts(git_remote **out, const char *url, const git_rem
 	const git_remote_create_options dummy_opts = GIT_REMOTE_CREATE_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	int error = -1;
 
-	assert(out && url);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(url);
 
 	if (!opts) {
 		opts = &dummy_opts;
@@ -459,7 +460,9 @@ int git_remote_lookup(git_remote **out, git_repository *repo, const char *name)
 	struct refspec_cb_data data = { NULL };
 	bool optional_setting_found = false, found;
 
-	assert(out && repo && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	if ((error = ensure_remote_name_is_valid(name)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -581,19 +584,19 @@ static int lookup_remote_prune_config(git_remote *remote, git_config *config, co
 
 const char *git_remote_name(const git_remote *remote)
 {
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(remote, NULL);
 	return remote->name;
 }
 
 git_repository *git_remote_owner(const git_remote *remote)
 {
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(remote, NULL);
 	return remote->repo;
 }
 
 const char *git_remote_url(const git_remote *remote)
 {
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(remote, NULL);
 	return remote->url;
 }
 
@@ -603,7 +606,8 @@ static int set_url(git_repository *repo, const char *remote, const char *pattern
 	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT, canonical_url = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(repo && remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
 
 	if ((error = ensure_remote_name_is_valid(remote)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -637,7 +641,7 @@ int git_remote_set_url(git_repository *repo, const char *remote, const char *url
 
 const char *git_remote_pushurl(const git_remote *remote)
 {
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(remote, NULL);
 	return remote->pushurl;
 }
 
@@ -648,14 +652,17 @@ int git_remote_set_pushurl(git_repository *repo, const char *remote, const char*
 
 static int resolve_url(git_buf *resolved_url, const char *url, int direction, const git_remote_callbacks *callbacks)
 {
-	int status;
+	int status, error;
 
 	if (callbacks && callbacks->resolve_url) {
 		git_buf_clear(resolved_url);
 		status = callbacks->resolve_url(resolved_url, url, direction, callbacks->payload);
 		if (status != GIT_PASSTHROUGH) {
 			git_error_set_after_callback_function(status, "git_resolve_url_cb");
-			git_buf_sanitize(resolved_url);
+
+			if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(resolved_url)) < 0)
+				return error;
+
 			return status;
 		}
 	}
@@ -667,8 +674,8 @@ int git_remote__urlfordirection(git_buf *url_out, struct git_remote *remote, int
 {
 	const char *url = NULL;
 
-	assert(remote);
-	assert(direction == GIT_DIRECTION_FETCH || direction == GIT_DIRECTION_PUSH);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(direction == GIT_DIRECTION_FETCH || direction == GIT_DIRECTION_PUSH);
 
 	if (direction == GIT_DIRECTION_FETCH) {
 		url = remote->url;
@@ -686,7 +693,7 @@ int git_remote__urlfordirection(git_buf *url_out, struct git_remote *remote, int
 	return resolve_url(url_out, url, direction, callbacks);
 }
 
-int set_transport_callbacks(git_transport *t, const git_remote_callbacks *cbs)
+static int remote_transport_set_callbacks(git_transport *t, const git_remote_callbacks *cbs)
 {
 	if (!t->set_callbacks || !cbs)
 		return 0;
@@ -713,7 +720,7 @@ int git_remote__connect(git_remote *remote, git_direction direction, const git_r
 	git_credential_acquire_cb credentials = NULL;
 	git_transport_cb transport = NULL;
 
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
 
 	if (callbacks) {
 		GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(callbacks, GIT_REMOTE_CALLBACKS_VERSION, "git_remote_callbacks");
@@ -744,7 +751,7 @@ int git_remote__connect(git_remote *remote, git_direction direction, const git_r
 	if ((error = set_transport_custom_headers(t, conn->custom_headers)) != 0)
 		goto on_error;
 
-	if ((error = set_transport_callbacks(t, callbacks)) < 0 ||
+	if ((error = remote_transport_set_callbacks(t, callbacks)) < 0 ||
 	    (error = t->connect(t, url.ptr, credentials, payload, conn->proxy, direction, flags)) != 0)
 		goto on_error;
 
@@ -778,7 +785,7 @@ int git_remote_connect(git_remote *remote, git_direction direction, const git_re
 
 int git_remote_ls(const git_remote_head ***out, size_t *size, git_remote *remote)
 {
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
 
 	if (!remote->transport) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_NET, "this remote has never connected");
@@ -795,7 +802,7 @@ int git_remote__get_http_proxy(git_remote *remote, bool use_ssl, char **proxy_ur
 	git_buf val = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
 
 	if (!proxy_url || !remote->repo)
 		return -1;
@@ -924,7 +931,7 @@ int git_remote_download(git_remote *remote, const git_strarray *refspecs, const 
 	const git_strarray *custom_headers = NULL;
 	const git_proxy_options *proxy = NULL;
 
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
 
 	if (!remote->repo) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "cannot download detached remote");
@@ -1063,7 +1070,8 @@ static int remote_head_for_fetchspec_src(git_remote_head **out, git_vector *upda
 	unsigned int i;
 	git_remote_head *remote_ref;
 
-	assert(update_heads && fetchspec_src);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(update_heads);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(fetchspec_src);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -1117,7 +1125,9 @@ static int remote_head_for_ref(git_remote_head **out, git_remote *remote, git_re
 	const char *ref_name;
 	int error = 0, update;
 
-	assert(out && spec && ref);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(spec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ref);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -1131,6 +1141,16 @@ static int remote_head_for_ref(git_remote_head **out, git_remote *remote, git_re
 		ref_name = git_reference_name(resolved_ref);
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * The ref name may be unresolvable - perhaps it's pointing to
+	 * something invalid.  In this case, there is no remote head for
+	 * this ref.
+	 */
+	if (!ref_name) {
+		error = 0;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
 	if ((error = ref_to_update(&update, &remote_name, remote, spec, ref_name)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
@@ -1154,7 +1174,7 @@ static int git_remote_write_fetchhead(git_remote *remote, git_refspec *spec, git
 	unsigned int i = 0;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
 
 	/* no heads, nothing to do */
 	if (update_heads->length == 0)
@@ -1237,7 +1257,7 @@ static int prune_candidates(git_vector *candidates, git_remote *remote)
 	}
 
 out:
-	git_strarray_free(&arr);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&arr);
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -1297,7 +1317,7 @@ int git_remote_prune(git_remote *remote, const git_remote_callbacks *callbacks)
 			if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND)
 				continue;
 
-			/* if we did find a source, remove it from the candiates */
+			/* If we did find a source, remove it from the candidates. */
 			if ((error = git_vector_set((void **) &src_name, &candidates, i, NULL)) < 0)
 				goto cleanup;
 
@@ -1360,7 +1380,7 @@ static int update_tips_for_spec(
 		git_vector *refs,
 		const char *log_message)
 {
-	int error = 0, autotag;
+	int error = 0, autotag, valid;
 	unsigned int i = 0;
 	git_buf refname = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_oid old;
@@ -1370,7 +1390,7 @@ static int update_tips_for_spec(
 	git_refspec tagspec;
 	git_vector update_heads;
 
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
 
 	if (git_repository_odb__weakptr(&odb, remote->repo) < 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -1388,7 +1408,10 @@ static int update_tips_for_spec(
 		git_buf_clear(&refname);
 
 		/* Ignore malformed ref names (which also saves us from tag^{} */
-		if (!git_reference_is_valid_name(head->name))
+		if (git_reference_name_is_valid(&valid, head->name) < 0)
+			goto on_error;
+
+		if (!valid)
 			continue;
 
 		/* If we have a tag, see if the auto-follow rules say to update it */
@@ -1437,6 +1460,11 @@ static int update_tips_for_spec(
 		if (error < 0 && error != GIT_ENOTFOUND)
 			goto on_error;
 
+		if (!(error || error == GIT_ENOTFOUND)
+				&& !spec->force
+				&& !git_graph_descendant_of(remote->repo, &head->oid, &old))
+			continue;
+
 		if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND) {
 			memset(&old, 0, GIT_OID_RAWSZ);
 
@@ -1497,6 +1525,7 @@ static int next_head(const git_remote *remote, git_vector *refs,
 	git_remote_head *head;
 	git_refspec *spec, *passive_spec;
 	size_t i, j, k;
+	int valid;
 
 	active = &remote->active_refspecs;
 	passive = &remote->passive_refspecs;
@@ -1508,7 +1537,10 @@ static int next_head(const git_remote *remote, git_vector *refs,
 	for (; i < refs->length; i++) {
 		head = git_vector_get(refs, i);
 
-		if (!git_reference_is_valid_name(head->name))
+		if (git_reference_name_is_valid(&valid, head->name) < 0)
+			return -1;
+
+		if (!valid)
 			continue;
 
 		for (; j < active->length; j++) {
@@ -1655,7 +1687,7 @@ int git_remote_update_tips(
 			goto out;
 	}
 
-	/* only try to do opportunisitic updates if the refpec lists differ */
+	/* Only try to do opportunistic updates if the refpec lists differ. */
 	if (remote->passed_refspecs)
 		error = opportunistic_updates(remote, callbacks, &refs, reflog_message);
 
@@ -1667,7 +1699,7 @@ out:
 
 int git_remote_connected(const git_remote *remote)
 {
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
 
 	if (!remote->transport || !remote->transport->is_connected)
 		return 0;
@@ -1678,7 +1710,7 @@ int git_remote_connected(const git_remote *remote)
 
 int git_remote_stop(git_remote *remote)
 {
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
 
 	if (remote->transport && remote->transport->cancel)
 		remote->transport->cancel(remote->transport);
@@ -1688,7 +1720,7 @@ int git_remote_stop(git_remote *remote)
 
 int git_remote_disconnect(git_remote *remote)
 {
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
 
 	if (git_remote_connected(remote))
 		remote->transport->close(remote->transport);
@@ -1774,7 +1806,7 @@ int git_remote_list(git_strarray *remotes_list, git_repository *repo)
 
 const git_indexer_progress *git_remote_stats(git_remote *remote)
 {
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(remote, NULL);
 	return &remote->stats;
 }
 
@@ -1789,7 +1821,7 @@ int git_remote_set_autotag(git_repository *repo, const char *remote, git_remote_
 	git_config *config;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(repo && remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo && remote);
 
 	if ((error = ensure_remote_name_is_valid(remote)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -2053,7 +2085,7 @@ int git_remote_rename(git_strarray *out, git_repository *repo, const char *name,
 	git_vector problem_refspecs = GIT_VECTOR_INIT;
 	git_remote *remote = NULL;
 
-	assert(out && repo && name && new_name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out && repo && name && new_name);
 
 	if ((error = git_remote_lookup(&remote, repo, name)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -2087,24 +2119,34 @@ cleanup:
 	return error;
 }
 
-int git_remote_is_valid_name(
-	const char *remote_name)
+int git_remote_name_is_valid(int *valid, const char *remote_name)
 {
 	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
-	git_refspec refspec;
-	int error = -1;
+	git_refspec refspec = {0};
+	int error;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT(valid);
+
+	*valid = 0;
 
 	if (!remote_name || *remote_name == '\0')
 		return 0;
 
-	git_buf_printf(&buf, "refs/heads/test:refs/remotes/%s/test", remote_name);
+	if ((error = git_buf_printf(&buf, "refs/heads/test:refs/remotes/%s/test", remote_name)) < 0)
+		goto done;
+
 	error = git_refspec__parse(&refspec, git_buf_cstr(&buf), true);
 
+	if (!error)
+		*valid = 1;
+	else if (error == GIT_EINVALIDSPEC)
+		error = 0;
+
+done:
 	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
 	git_refspec__dispose(&refspec);
 
-	git_error_clear();
-	return error == 0;
+	return error;
 }
 
 git_refspec *git_remote__matching_refspec(git_remote *remote, const char *refname)
@@ -2219,7 +2261,7 @@ static const char *name_offset(size_t *len_out, const char *name)
 	prefix_len = strlen("remote.");
 	dot = strchr(name + prefix_len, '.');
 
-	assert(dot);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(dot, NULL);
 
 	*len_out = dot - name - prefix_len;
 	return name + prefix_len;
@@ -2249,10 +2291,13 @@ static int remove_branch_config_related_entries(
 		if (strcmp(remote_name, entry->value))
 			continue;
 
-		branch = name_offset(&branch_len, entry->name);
+		if ((branch = name_offset(&branch_len, entry->name)) == NULL) {
+			error = -1;
+			break;
+		}
 
 		git_buf_clear(&buf);
-		if (git_buf_printf(&buf, "branch.%.*s.merge", (int)branch_len, branch) < 0)
+		if ((error = git_buf_printf(&buf, "branch.%.*s.merge", (int)branch_len, branch)) < 0)
 			break;
 
 		if ((error = git_config_delete_entry(config, git_buf_cstr(&buf))) < 0) {
@@ -2262,7 +2307,7 @@ static int remove_branch_config_related_entries(
 		}
 
 		git_buf_clear(&buf);
-		if (git_buf_printf(&buf, "branch.%.*s.remote", (int)branch_len, branch) < 0)
+		if ((error = git_buf_printf(&buf, "branch.%.*s.remote", (int)branch_len, branch)) < 0)
 			break;
 
 		if ((error = git_config_delete_entry(config, git_buf_cstr(&buf))) < 0) {
@@ -2357,7 +2402,8 @@ int git_remote_delete(git_repository *repo, const char *name)
 {
 	int error;
 
-	assert(repo && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	if ((error = remove_branch_config_related_entries(repo, name)) < 0 ||
 	    (error = remove_remote_tracking(repo, name)) < 0 ||
@@ -2373,29 +2419,37 @@ int git_remote_default_branch(git_buf *out, git_remote *remote)
 	const git_remote_head *guess = NULL;
 	const git_oid *head_id;
 	size_t heads_len, i;
+	git_buf local_default = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 
 	if ((error = git_remote_ls(&heads, &heads_len, remote)) < 0)
-		return error;
+		goto done;
 
-	if (heads_len == 0)
-		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+	if (heads_len == 0 || strcmp(heads[0]->name, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) {
+		error = GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+		goto done;
+	}
 
-	if (strcmp(heads[0]->name, GIT_HEAD_FILE))
-		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
 	/* the first one must be HEAD so if that has the symref info, we're done */
-	if (heads[0]->symref_target)
-		return git_buf_puts(out, heads[0]->symref_target);
+	if (heads[0]->symref_target) {
+		error = git_buf_puts(out, heads[0]->symref_target);
+		goto done;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * If there's no symref information, we have to look over them
-	 * and guess. We return the first match unless the master
-	 * branch is a candidate. Then we return the master branch.
+	 * and guess. We return the first match unless the default
+	 * branch is a candidate. Then we return the default branch.
 	 */
+
+	if ((error = git_repository_initialbranch(&local_default, remote->repo)) < 0)
+		goto done;
+
 	head_id = &heads[0]->oid;
 
 	for (i = 1; i < heads_len; i++) {
@@ -2410,16 +2464,22 @@ int git_remote_default_branch(git_buf *out, git_remote *remote)
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (!git__strcmp(GIT_REFS_HEADS_MASTER_FILE, heads[i]->name)) {
+		if (!git__strcmp(local_default.ptr, heads[i]->name)) {
 			guess = heads[i];
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!guess)
-		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+	if (!guess) {
+		error = GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	error = git_buf_puts(out, guess->name);
 
-	return git_buf_puts(out, guess->name);
+done:
+	git_buf_dispose(&local_default);
+	return error;
 }
 
 int git_remote_upload(git_remote *remote, const git_strarray *refspecs, const git_push_options *opts)
@@ -2431,7 +2491,7 @@ int git_remote_upload(git_remote *remote, const git_strarray *refspecs, const gi
 	const git_remote_callbacks *cbs = NULL;
 	git_remote_connection_opts conn = GIT_REMOTE_CONNECTION_OPTIONS_INIT;
 
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
 
 	if (!remote->repo) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "cannot download detached remote");
@@ -2497,7 +2557,7 @@ int git_remote_push(git_remote *remote, const git_strarray *refspecs, const git_
 	const git_strarray *custom_headers = NULL;
 	const git_proxy_options *proxy = NULL;
 
-	assert(remote);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remote);
 
 	if (!remote->repo) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "cannot download detached remote");
@@ -2512,8 +2572,6 @@ int git_remote_push(git_remote *remote, const git_strarray *refspecs, const git_
 		proxy = &opts->proxy_opts;
 	}
 
-	assert(remote);
-
 	if ((error = git_remote_connect(remote, GIT_DIRECTION_PUSH, cbs, proxy, custom_headers)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
@@ -2540,9 +2598,9 @@ char *apply_insteadof(git_config *config, const char *url, int direction)
 	git_config_entry *entry;
 	git_config_iterator *iter;
 
-	assert(config);
-	assert(url);
-	assert(direction == GIT_DIRECTION_FETCH || direction == GIT_DIRECTION_PUSH);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(config, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(url, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(direction == GIT_DIRECTION_FETCH || direction == GIT_DIRECTION_PUSH, NULL);
 
 	/* Add 1 to prefix/suffix length due to the additional escaped dot */
 	prefix_length = strlen(PREFIX) + 1;
@@ -2590,3 +2648,17 @@ char *apply_insteadof(git_config *config, const char *url, int direction)
 
 	return result.ptr;
 }
+
+/* Deprecated functions */
+
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
+
+int git_remote_is_valid_name(const char *remote_name)
+{
+	int valid = 0;
+
+	git_remote_name_is_valid(&valid, remote_name);
+	return valid;
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/repository.c b/src/repository.c
index 2469e13..9ed46bf 100644
--- a/src/repository.c
+++ b/src/repository.c
@@ -62,16 +62,18 @@ static const struct {
 	{ GIT_REPOSITORY_ITEM_COMMONDIR, GIT_REPOSITORY_ITEM_GITDIR, "worktrees", true }
 };
 
-static int check_repositoryformatversion(git_config *config);
+static int check_repositoryformatversion(int *version, git_config *config);
+static int check_extensions(git_config *config, int version);
 
 #define GIT_COMMONDIR_FILE "commondir"
 #define GIT_GITDIR_FILE "gitdir"
 
 #define GIT_FILE_CONTENT_PREFIX "gitdir:"
 
-#define GIT_BRANCH_MASTER "master"
+#define GIT_BRANCH_DEFAULT "master"
 
 #define GIT_REPO_VERSION 0
+#define GIT_REPO_MAX_VERSION 1
 
 git_buf git_repository__reserved_names_win32[] = {
 	{ DOT_GIT, 0, CONST_STRLEN(DOT_GIT) },
@@ -91,7 +93,7 @@ static void set_odb(git_repository *repo, git_odb *odb)
 		GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(odb);
 	}
 
-	if ((odb = git__swap(repo->_odb, odb)) != NULL) {
+	if ((odb = git_atomic_swap(repo->_odb, odb)) != NULL) {
 		GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(odb, NULL);
 		git_odb_free(odb);
 	}
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ static void set_refdb(git_repository *repo, git_refdb *refdb)
 		GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(refdb);
 	}
 
-	if ((refdb = git__swap(repo->_refdb, refdb)) != NULL) {
+	if ((refdb = git_atomic_swap(repo->_refdb, refdb)) != NULL) {
 		GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(refdb, NULL);
 		git_refdb_free(refdb);
 	}
@@ -117,7 +119,7 @@ static void set_config(git_repository *repo, git_config *config)
 		GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(config);
 	}
 
-	if ((config = git__swap(repo->_config, config)) != NULL) {
+	if ((config = git_atomic_swap(repo->_config, config)) != NULL) {
 		GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(config, NULL);
 		git_config_free(config);
 	}
@@ -132,7 +134,7 @@ static void set_index(git_repository *repo, git_index *index)
 		GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(index);
 	}
 
-	if ((index = git__swap(repo->_index, index)) != NULL) {
+	if ((index = git_atomic_swap(repo->_index, index)) != NULL) {
 		GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(index, NULL);
 		git_index_free(index);
 	}
@@ -140,7 +142,7 @@ static void set_index(git_repository *repo, git_index *index)
 
 int git_repository__cleanup(git_repository *repo)
 {
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	git_repository_submodule_cache_clear(repo);
 	git_cache_clear(&repo->objects);
@@ -184,49 +186,96 @@ void git_repository_free(git_repository *repo)
 	git__free(repo);
 }
 
+/* Check if we have a separate commondir (e.g. we have a worktree) */
+static int lookup_commondir(bool *separate, git_buf *commondir, git_buf *repository_path)
+{
+	git_buf common_link  = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	int error;
+
+	/*
+	 * If there's no commondir file, the repository path is the
+	 * common path, but it needs a trailing slash.
+	 */
+	if (!git_path_contains_file(repository_path, GIT_COMMONDIR_FILE)) {
+		if ((error = git_buf_set(commondir, repository_path->ptr, repository_path->size)) == 0)
+		    error = git_path_to_dir(commondir);
+
+		*separate = false;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	*separate = true;
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&common_link, repository_path->ptr, GIT_COMMONDIR_FILE)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_futils_readbuffer(&common_link, common_link.ptr)) < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	git_buf_rtrim(&common_link);
+	if (git_path_is_relative(common_link.ptr)) {
+		if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(commondir, repository_path->ptr, common_link.ptr)) < 0)
+			goto done;
+	} else {
+		git_buf_swap(commondir, &common_link);
+	}
+
+	git_buf_dispose(&common_link);
+
+	/* Make sure the commondir path always has a trailing slash */
+	error = git_path_prettify_dir(commondir, commondir->ptr, NULL);
+
+done:
+	return error;
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(int) validate_repo_path(git_buf *path)
+{
+	/*
+	 * The longest static path in a repository (or commondir) is the
+	 * packed refs file.  (Loose refs may be longer since they
+	 * include the reference name, but will be validated when the
+	 * path is constructed.)
+	 */
+	static size_t suffix_len =
+		CONST_STRLEN("objects/pack/pack-.pack.lock") +
+		GIT_OID_HEXSZ;
+
+	return git_path_validate_filesystem_with_suffix(
+		path->ptr, path->size, suffix_len);
+}
+
 /*
  * Git repository open methods
  *
  * Open a repository object from its path
  */
-static bool valid_repository_path(git_buf *repository_path, git_buf *common_path)
+static int is_valid_repository_path(bool *out, git_buf *repository_path, git_buf *common_path)
 {
-	/* Check if we have a separate commondir (e.g. we have a
-	 * worktree) */
-	if (git_path_contains_file(repository_path, GIT_COMMONDIR_FILE)) {
-		git_buf common_link  = GIT_BUF_INIT;
-		git_buf_joinpath(&common_link, repository_path->ptr, GIT_COMMONDIR_FILE);
-
-		git_futils_readbuffer(&common_link, common_link.ptr);
-		git_buf_rtrim(&common_link);
-
-		if (git_path_is_relative(common_link.ptr)) {
-			git_buf_joinpath(common_path, repository_path->ptr, common_link.ptr);
-		} else {
-			git_buf_swap(common_path, &common_link);
-		}
+	bool separate_commondir = false;
+	int error;
 
-		git_buf_dispose(&common_link);
-	}
-	else {
-		git_buf_set(common_path, repository_path->ptr, repository_path->size);
-	}
+	*out = false;
 
-	/* Make sure the commondir path always has a trailing * slash */
-	if (git_buf_rfind(common_path, '/') != (ssize_t)common_path->size - 1)
-		git_buf_putc(common_path, '/');
+	if ((error = lookup_commondir(&separate_commondir, common_path, repository_path)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	/* Ensure HEAD file exists */
 	if (git_path_contains_file(repository_path, GIT_HEAD_FILE) == false)
-		return false;
+		return 0;
 
 	/* Check files in common dir */
 	if (git_path_contains_dir(common_path, GIT_OBJECTS_DIR) == false)
-		return false;
+		return 0;
 	if (git_path_contains_dir(common_path, GIT_REFS_DIR) == false)
-		return false;
+		return 0;
 
-	return true;
+	/* Ensure the repo (and commondir) are valid paths */
+	if ((error = validate_repo_path(common_path)) < 0 ||
+	    (separate_commondir &&
+	     (error = validate_repo_path(repository_path)) < 0))
+		return error;
+
+	*out = true;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static git_repository *repository_alloc(void)
@@ -358,7 +407,7 @@ static size_t find_ceiling_dir_offset(
 	const char *ceil, *sep;
 	size_t len, max_len = 0, min_len;
 
-	assert(path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	min_len = (size_t)(git_path_root(path) + 1);
 
@@ -404,7 +453,8 @@ static int read_gitfile(git_buf *path_out, const char *file_path)
 	git_buf file = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	size_t  prefix_len = strlen(GIT_FILE_CONTENT_PREFIX);
 
-	assert(path_out && file_path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file_path);
 
 	if (git_futils_readbuffer(&file, file_path) < 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -441,15 +491,15 @@ static int find_repo(
 	uint32_t flags,
 	const char *ceiling_dirs)
 {
-	int error;
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_buf repo_link = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_buf common_link = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	struct stat st;
 	dev_t initial_device = 0;
 	int min_iterations;
-	bool in_dot_git;
+	bool in_dot_git, is_valid;
 	size_t ceiling_offset = 0;
+	int error;
 
 	git_buf_clear(gitdir_path);
 
@@ -475,9 +525,8 @@ static int find_repo(
 	for (;;) {
 		if (!(flags & GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_NO_DOTGIT)) {
 			if (!in_dot_git) {
-				error = git_buf_joinpath(&path, path.ptr, DOT_GIT);
-				if (error < 0)
-					break;
+				if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&path, path.ptr, DOT_GIT)) < 0)
+					goto out;
 			}
 			in_dot_git = !in_dot_git;
 		}
@@ -491,28 +540,33 @@ static int find_repo(
 				break;
 
 			if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-				if (valid_repository_path(&path, &common_link)) {
-					git_path_to_dir(&path);
-					git_buf_set(gitdir_path, path.ptr, path.size);
+				if ((error = is_valid_repository_path(&is_valid, &path, &common_link)) < 0)
+					goto out;
+
+				if (is_valid) {
+					if ((error = git_path_to_dir(&path)) < 0 ||
+					    (error = git_buf_set(gitdir_path, path.ptr, path.size)) < 0)
+						goto out;
 
 					if (gitlink_path)
-						git_buf_attach(gitlink_path,
-							git_worktree__read_link(path.ptr, GIT_GITDIR_FILE), 0);
+						if ((error = git_buf_attach(gitlink_path, git_worktree__read_link(path.ptr, GIT_GITDIR_FILE), 0)) < 0)
+							goto out;
 					if (commondir_path)
 						git_buf_swap(&common_link, commondir_path);
 
 					break;
 				}
-			}
-			else if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && git__suffixcmp(path.ptr, "/" DOT_GIT) == 0) {
-				error = read_gitfile(&repo_link, path.ptr);
-				if (error < 0)
-					break;
-				if (valid_repository_path(&repo_link, &common_link)) {
+			} else if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && git__suffixcmp(path.ptr, "/" DOT_GIT) == 0) {
+				if ((error = read_gitfile(&repo_link, path.ptr)) < 0 ||
+				    (error = is_valid_repository_path(&is_valid, &repo_link, &common_link)) < 0)
+					goto out;
+
+				if (is_valid) {
 					git_buf_swap(gitdir_path, &repo_link);
 
 					if (gitlink_path)
-						error = git_buf_put(gitlink_path, path.ptr, path.size);
+						if ((error = git_buf_put(gitlink_path, path.ptr, path.size)) < 0)
+							goto out;
 					if (commondir_path)
 						git_buf_swap(&common_link, commondir_path);
 				}
@@ -523,10 +577,8 @@ static int find_repo(
 		/* Move up one directory. If we're in_dot_git, we'll search the
 		 * parent itself next. If we're !in_dot_git, we'll search .git
 		 * in the parent directory next (added at the top of the loop). */
-		if (git_path_dirname_r(&path, path.ptr) < 0) {
-			error = -1;
-			break;
-		}
+		if ((error = git_path_dirname_r(&path, path.ptr)) < 0)
+			goto out;
 
 		/* Once we've checked the directory (and .git if applicable),
 		 * find the ceiling for a search. */
@@ -534,31 +586,28 @@ static int find_repo(
 			ceiling_offset = find_ceiling_dir_offset(path.ptr, ceiling_dirs);
 
 		/* Check if we should stop searching here. */
-		if (min_iterations == 0
-		    && (path.ptr[ceiling_offset] == 0
-			|| (flags & GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_NO_SEARCH)))
+		if (min_iterations == 0 &&
+		    (path.ptr[ceiling_offset] == 0 || (flags & GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_NO_SEARCH)))
 			break;
 	}
 
-	if (!error && workdir_path && !(flags & GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_BARE)) {
+	if (workdir_path && !(flags & GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_BARE)) {
 		if (!git_buf_len(gitdir_path))
 			git_buf_clear(workdir_path);
-		else {
-			git_path_dirname_r(workdir_path, path.ptr);
-			git_path_to_dir(workdir_path);
-		}
-		if (git_buf_oom(workdir_path))
-			return -1;
+		else if ((error = git_path_dirname_r(workdir_path, path.ptr)) < 0 ||
+			 (error = git_path_to_dir(workdir_path)) < 0)
+			goto out;
 	}
 
 	/* If we didn't find the repository, and we don't have any other error
 	 * to report, report that. */
-	if (!git_buf_len(gitdir_path) && !error) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REPOSITORY,
-			"could not find repository from '%s'", start_path);
+	if (!git_buf_len(gitdir_path)) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REPOSITORY, "could not find repository from '%s'", start_path);
 		error = GIT_ENOTFOUND;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
+out:
 	git_buf_dispose(&path);
 	git_buf_dispose(&repo_link);
 	git_buf_dispose(&common_link);
@@ -569,14 +618,16 @@ int git_repository_open_bare(
 	git_repository **repo_ptr,
 	const char *bare_path)
 {
-	int error;
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT, common_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_repository *repo = NULL;
+	bool is_valid;
+	int error;
 
-	if ((error = git_path_prettify_dir(&path, bare_path, NULL)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_path_prettify_dir(&path, bare_path, NULL)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = is_valid_repository_path(&is_valid, &path, &common_path)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
-	if (!valid_repository_path(&path, &common_path)) {
+	if (!is_valid) {
 		git_buf_dispose(&path);
 		git_buf_dispose(&common_path);
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REPOSITORY, "path is not a repository: %s", bare_path);
@@ -804,6 +855,7 @@ int git_repository_open_ext(
 		gitlink = GIT_BUF_INIT, commondir = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_repository *repo = NULL;
 	git_config *config = NULL;
+	int version = 0;
 
 	if (flags & GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_FROM_ENV)
 		return _git_repository_open_ext_from_env(repo_ptr, start_path);
@@ -845,7 +897,10 @@ int git_repository_open_ext(
 	if (error < 0 && error != GIT_ENOTFOUND)
 		goto cleanup;
 
-	if (config && (error = check_repositoryformatversion(config)) < 0)
+	if (config && (error = check_repositoryformatversion(&version, config)) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	if ((error = check_extensions(config, version)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	if ((flags & GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_BARE) != 0)
@@ -886,7 +941,8 @@ int git_repository_open_from_worktree(git_repository **repo_out, git_worktree *w
 	size_t len;
 	int err;
 
-	assert(repo_out && wt);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(wt);
 
 	*repo_out = NULL;
 	len = strlen(wt->gitlink_path);
@@ -930,10 +986,12 @@ int git_repository_discover(
 	const char *ceiling_dirs)
 {
 	uint32_t flags = across_fs ? GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_CROSS_FS : 0;
+	int error;
 
-	assert(start_path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(start_path);
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	return find_repo(out, NULL, NULL, NULL, start_path, flags, ceiling_dirs);
 }
@@ -950,7 +1008,7 @@ static int load_config(
 	git_buf config_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_config *cfg = NULL;
 
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 
 	if ((error = git_config_new(&cfg)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -1035,8 +1093,7 @@ int git_repository_config__weakptr(git_config **out, git_repository *repo)
 		if (!error) {
 			GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(config, repo);
 
-			config = git__compare_and_swap(&repo->_config, NULL, config);
-			if (config != NULL) {
+			if (git_atomic_compare_and_swap(&repo->_config, NULL, config) != NULL) {
 				GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(config, NULL);
 				git_config_free(config);
 			}
@@ -1074,7 +1131,9 @@ int git_repository_config_snapshot(git_config **out, git_repository *repo)
 
 int git_repository_set_config(git_repository *repo, git_config *config)
 {
-	assert(repo && config);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(config);
+
 	set_config(repo, config);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1083,9 +1142,11 @@ int git_repository_odb__weakptr(git_odb **out, git_repository *repo)
 {
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(repo && out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 
-	if (repo->_odb == NULL) {
+	*out = git_atomic_load(repo->_odb);
+	if (*out == NULL) {
 		git_buf odb_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 		git_odb *odb;
 
@@ -1102,16 +1163,15 @@ int git_repository_odb__weakptr(git_odb **out, git_repository *repo)
 			return error;
 		}
 
-		odb = git__compare_and_swap(&repo->_odb, NULL, odb);
-		if (odb != NULL) {
+		if (git_atomic_compare_and_swap(&repo->_odb, NULL, odb) != NULL) {
 			GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(odb, NULL);
 			git_odb_free(odb);
 		}
 
 		git_buf_dispose(&odb_path);
+		*out = git_atomic_load(repo->_odb);
 	}
 
-	*out = repo->_odb;
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -1126,7 +1186,9 @@ int git_repository_odb(git_odb **out, git_repository *repo)
 
 int git_repository_set_odb(git_repository *repo, git_odb *odb)
 {
-	assert(repo && odb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(odb);
+
 	set_odb(repo, odb);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1135,7 +1197,8 @@ int git_repository_refdb__weakptr(git_refdb **out, git_repository *repo)
 {
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	if (repo->_refdb == NULL) {
 		git_refdb *refdb;
@@ -1144,8 +1207,7 @@ int git_repository_refdb__weakptr(git_refdb **out, git_repository *repo)
 		if (!error) {
 			GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(refdb, repo);
 
-			refdb = git__compare_and_swap(&repo->_refdb, NULL, refdb);
-			if (refdb != NULL) {
+			if (git_atomic_compare_and_swap(&repo->_refdb, NULL, refdb) != NULL) {
 				GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(refdb, NULL);
 				git_refdb_free(refdb);
 			}
@@ -1167,7 +1229,9 @@ int git_repository_refdb(git_refdb **out, git_repository *repo)
 
 int git_repository_set_refdb(git_repository *repo, git_refdb *refdb)
 {
-	assert(repo && refdb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refdb);
+
 	set_refdb(repo, refdb);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1176,7 +1240,8 @@ int git_repository_index__weakptr(git_index **out, git_repository *repo)
 {
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	if (repo->_index == NULL) {
 		git_buf index_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
@@ -1189,8 +1254,7 @@ int git_repository_index__weakptr(git_index **out, git_repository *repo)
 		if (!error) {
 			GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(index, repo);
 
-			index = git__compare_and_swap(&repo->_index, NULL, index);
-			if (index != NULL) {
+			if (git_atomic_compare_and_swap(&repo->_index, NULL, index) != NULL) {
 				GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(index, NULL);
 				git_index_free(index);
 			}
@@ -1217,7 +1281,7 @@ int git_repository_index(git_index **out, git_repository *repo)
 
 int git_repository_set_index(git_repository *repo, git_index *index)
 {
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 	set_index(repo, index);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1341,11 +1405,11 @@ bool git_repository__reserved_names(
 }
 #endif
 
-static int check_repositoryformatversion(git_config *config)
+static int check_repositoryformatversion(int *version, git_config *config)
 {
-	int version, error;
+	int error;
 
-	error = git_config_get_int32(&version, config, "core.repositoryformatversion");
+	error = git_config_get_int32(version, config, "core.repositoryformatversion");
 	/* git ignores this if the config variable isn't there */
 	if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND)
 		return 0;
@@ -1353,16 +1417,35 @@ static int check_repositoryformatversion(git_config *config)
 	if (error < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	if (GIT_REPO_VERSION < version) {
+	if (GIT_REPO_MAX_VERSION < *version) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REPOSITORY,
-			"unsupported repository version %d. Only versions up to %d are supported.",
-			version, GIT_REPO_VERSION);
+			"unsupported repository version %d; only versions up to %d are supported",
+			*version, GIT_REPO_MAX_VERSION);
 		return -1;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int check_valid_extension(const git_config_entry *entry, void *payload)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(payload);
+
+	if (!strcmp(entry->name, "extensions.noop"))
+		return 0;
+
+	git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REPOSITORY, "unsupported extension name %s", entry->name);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int check_extensions(git_config *config, int version)
+{
+	if (version < 1)
+		return 0;
+
+	return git_config_foreach_match(config, "^extensions\\.", check_valid_extension, NULL);
+}
+
 int git_repository_create_head(const char *git_dir, const char *ref_name)
 {
 	git_buf ref_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
@@ -1374,9 +1457,6 @@ int git_repository_create_head(const char *git_dir, const char *ref_name)
 	    (error = git_filebuf_open(&ref, ref_path.ptr, 0, GIT_REFS_FILE_MODE)) < 0)
 		goto out;
 
-	if (!ref_name)
-		ref_name = GIT_BRANCH_MASTER;
-
 	if (git__prefixcmp(ref_name, GIT_REFS_DIR) == 0)
 		fmt = "ref: %s\n";
 	else
@@ -1574,11 +1654,15 @@ static int repo_init_config(
 	git_config *config = NULL;
 	bool is_bare = ((flags & GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_BARE) != 0);
 	bool is_reinit = ((flags & GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT__IS_REINIT) != 0);
+	int version = 0;
 
 	if ((error = repo_local_config(&config, &cfg_path, NULL, repo_dir)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
-	if (is_reinit && (error = check_repositoryformatversion(config)) < 0)
+	if (is_reinit && (error = check_repositoryformatversion(&version, config)) < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	if ((error = check_extensions(config, version)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 #define SET_REPO_CONFIG(TYPE, NAME, VAL) do { \
@@ -2023,6 +2107,44 @@ static int repo_init_directories(
 	return error;
 }
 
+static int repo_init_head(const char *repo_dir, const char *given)
+{
+	git_config *cfg = NULL;
+	git_buf head_path = GIT_BUF_INIT, cfg_branch = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	const char *initial_head = NULL;
+	int error;
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&head_path, repo_dir, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	/*
+	 * A template may have set a HEAD; use that unless it's been
+	 * overridden by the caller's given initial head setting.
+	 */
+	if (git_path_exists(head_path.ptr) && !given)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (given) {
+		initial_head = given;
+	} else if ((error = git_config_open_default(&cfg)) >= 0 &&
+	           (error = git_config_get_string_buf(&cfg_branch, cfg, "init.defaultbranch")) >= 0 &&
+	           *cfg_branch.ptr) {
+		initial_head = cfg_branch.ptr;
+	}
+
+	if (!initial_head)
+		initial_head = GIT_BRANCH_DEFAULT;
+
+	error = git_repository_create_head(repo_dir, initial_head);
+
+out:
+	git_config_free(cfg);
+	git_buf_dispose(&head_path);
+	git_buf_dispose(&cfg_branch);
+
+	return error;
+}
+
 static int repo_init_create_origin(git_repository *repo, const char *url)
 {
 	int error;
@@ -2053,11 +2175,14 @@ int git_repository_init_ext(
 	git_repository_init_options *opts)
 {
 	git_buf repo_path = GIT_BUF_INIT, wd_path = GIT_BUF_INIT,
-		common_path = GIT_BUF_INIT, head_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+		common_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	const char *wd;
+	bool is_valid;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && given_repo && opts);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(given_repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(opts);
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(opts, GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_OPTIONS_VERSION, "git_repository_init_options");
 
@@ -2066,7 +2191,10 @@ int git_repository_init_ext(
 
 	wd = (opts->flags & GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_BARE) ? NULL : git_buf_cstr(&wd_path);
 
-	if (valid_repository_path(&repo_path, &common_path)) {
+	if ((error = is_valid_repository_path(&is_valid, &repo_path, &common_path)) < 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (is_valid) {
 		if ((opts->flags & GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_NO_REINIT) != 0) {
 			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REPOSITORY,
 				"attempt to reinitialize '%s'", given_repo);
@@ -2083,16 +2211,7 @@ int git_repository_init_ext(
 	} else {
 		if ((error = repo_init_structure(repo_path.ptr, wd, opts)) < 0 ||
 		    (error = repo_init_config(repo_path.ptr, wd, opts->flags, opts->mode)) < 0 ||
-		    (error = git_buf_joinpath(&head_path, repo_path.ptr, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
-			goto out;
-
-		/*
-		 * Only set the new HEAD if the file does not exist already via
-		 * a template or if the caller has explicitly supplied an
-		 * initial HEAD value.
-		 */
-		if ((!git_path_exists(head_path.ptr) || opts->initial_head) &&
-		    (error = git_repository_create_head(repo_path.ptr, opts->initial_head)) < 0)
+		    (error = repo_init_head(repo_path.ptr, opts->initial_head)) < 0)
 			goto out;
 	}
 
@@ -2104,7 +2223,6 @@ int git_repository_init_ext(
 		goto out;
 
 out:
-	git_buf_dispose(&head_path);
 	git_buf_dispose(&common_path);
 	git_buf_dispose(&repo_path);
 	git_buf_dispose(&wd_path);
@@ -2135,18 +2253,13 @@ int git_repository_head_detached(git_repository *repo)
 	return exists;
 }
 
-static int get_worktree_file_path(git_buf *out, git_repository *repo, const char *worktree, const char *file)
-{
-	git_buf_clear(out);
-	return git_buf_printf(out, "%s/worktrees/%s/%s", repo->commondir, worktree, file);
-}
-
 int git_repository_head_detached_for_worktree(git_repository *repo, const char *name)
 {
 	git_reference *ref = NULL;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(repo && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	if ((error = git_repository_head_for_worktree(&ref, repo, name)) < 0)
 		goto out;
@@ -2163,7 +2276,7 @@ int git_repository_head(git_reference **head_out, git_repository *repo)
 	git_reference *head;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(head_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(head_out);
 
 	if ((error = git_reference_lookup(&head, repo, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -2181,73 +2294,79 @@ int git_repository_head(git_reference **head_out, git_repository *repo)
 
 int git_repository_head_for_worktree(git_reference **out, git_repository *repo, const char *name)
 {
-	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_repository *worktree_repo = NULL;
+	git_worktree *worktree = NULL;
 	git_reference *head = NULL;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && repo && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
-	if ((error = get_worktree_file_path(&path, repo, name, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0 ||
-	    (error = git_reference__read_head(&head, repo, path.ptr)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_worktree_lookup(&worktree, repo, name)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_repository_open_from_worktree(&worktree_repo, worktree)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_reference_lookup(&head, worktree_repo, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
 		goto out;
 
 	if (git_reference_type(head) != GIT_REFERENCE_DIRECT) {
-		git_reference *resolved;
-
-		error = git_reference_lookup_resolved(&resolved, repo, git_reference_symbolic_target(head), -1);
-		git_reference_free(head);
-		head = resolved;
+		if ((error = git_reference_lookup_resolved(out, worktree_repo, git_reference_symbolic_target(head), -1)) < 0)
+			goto out;
+	} else {
+		*out = head;
+		head = NULL;
 	}
 
-	*out = head;
-
 out:
-	if (error)
-		git_reference_free(head);
-
-	git_buf_dispose(&path);
-
+	git_reference_free(head);
+	git_worktree_free(worktree);
+	git_repository_free(worktree_repo);
 	return error;
 }
 
-int git_repository_foreach_head(git_repository *repo,
-				git_repository_foreach_head_cb cb,
-				int flags, void *payload)
+int git_repository_foreach_worktree(git_repository *repo,
+				    git_repository_foreach_worktree_cb cb,
+				    void *payload)
 {
-	git_strarray worktrees = GIT_VECTOR_INIT;
-	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
-	int error = 0;
+	git_strarray worktrees = {0};
+	git_repository *worktree_repo = NULL;
+	git_worktree *worktree = NULL;
+	int error;
 	size_t i;
 
+	if ((error = git_repository_open(&worktree_repo, repo->commondir)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = cb(worktree_repo, payload) != 0))
+		goto out;
 
-	if (!(flags & GIT_REPOSITORY_FOREACH_HEAD_SKIP_REPO)) {
-		/* Gather HEAD of main repository */
-		if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&path, repo->commondir, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0 ||
-		    (error = cb(repo, path.ptr, payload) != 0))
-			goto out;
-	}
+	git_repository_free(worktree_repo);
+	worktree_repo = NULL;
 
-	if (!(flags & GIT_REPOSITORY_FOREACH_HEAD_SKIP_WORKTREES)) {
-		if ((error = git_worktree_list(&worktrees, repo)) < 0) {
-			error = 0;
-			goto out;
-		}
+	if ((error = git_worktree_list(&worktrees, repo)) < 0)
+		goto out;
 
-		/* Gather HEADs of all worktrees */
-		for (i = 0; i < worktrees.count; i++) {
-			if (get_worktree_file_path(&path, repo, worktrees.strings[i], GIT_HEAD_FILE) < 0)
-				continue;
+	for (i = 0; i < worktrees.count; i++) {
+		git_repository_free(worktree_repo);
+		worktree_repo = NULL;
+		git_worktree_free(worktree);
+		worktree = NULL;
 
-			if ((error = cb(repo, path.ptr, payload)) != 0)
+		if ((error = git_worktree_lookup(&worktree, repo, worktrees.strings[i]) < 0) ||
+		    (error = git_repository_open_from_worktree(&worktree_repo, worktree)) < 0) {
+			if (error != GIT_ENOTFOUND)
 				goto out;
+			error = 0;
+			continue;
 		}
+
+		if ((error = cb(worktree_repo, payload)) != 0)
+			goto out;
 	}
 
 out:
-	git_buf_dispose(&path);
-	git_strarray_free(&worktrees);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&worktrees);
+	git_repository_free(worktree_repo);
+	git_worktree_free(worktree);
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -2270,43 +2389,79 @@ int git_repository_head_unborn(git_repository *repo)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int at_least_one_cb(const char *refname, void *payload)
+static int repo_contains_no_reference(git_repository *repo)
 {
-	GIT_UNUSED(refname);
-	GIT_UNUSED(payload);
-	return GIT_PASSTHROUGH;
+	git_reference_iterator *iter;
+	const char *refname;
+	int error;
+
+	if ((error = git_reference_iterator_new(&iter, repo)) < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = git_reference_next_name(&refname, iter);
+	git_reference_iterator_free(iter);
+
+	if (error == GIT_ITEROVER)
+		return 1;
+
+	return error;
 }
 
-static int repo_contains_no_reference(git_repository *repo)
+int git_repository_initialbranch(git_buf *out, git_repository *repo)
 {
-	int error = git_reference_foreach_name(repo, &at_least_one_cb, NULL);
+	git_config *config;
+	git_config_entry *entry = NULL;
+	const char *branch;
+	int valid, error;
 
-	if (error == GIT_PASSTHROUGH)
-		return 0;
+	if ((error = git_repository_config__weakptr(&config, repo)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
-	if (!error)
-		return 1;
+	if ((error = git_config_get_entry(&entry, config, "init.defaultbranch")) == 0 &&
+		*entry->value) {
+		branch = entry->value;
+	}
+	else if (!error || error == GIT_ENOTFOUND) {
+		branch = GIT_BRANCH_DEFAULT;
+	}
+	else {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_puts(out, GIT_REFS_HEADS_DIR)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_buf_puts(out, branch)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_reference_name_is_valid(&valid, out->ptr)) < 0)
+	    goto done;
 
+	if (!valid) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "the value of init.defaultBranch is not a valid branch name");
+		error = -1;
+	}
+
+done:
+	git_config_entry_free(entry);
 	return error;
 }
 
 int git_repository_is_empty(git_repository *repo)
 {
 	git_reference *head = NULL;
-	int is_empty = 0;
+	git_buf initialbranch = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	int result = 0;
 
-	if (git_reference_lookup(&head, repo, GIT_HEAD_FILE) < 0)
-		return -1;
+	if ((result = git_reference_lookup(&head, repo, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0 ||
+	    (result = git_repository_initialbranch(&initialbranch, repo)) < 0)
+		goto done;
 
-	if (git_reference_type(head) == GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC)
-		is_empty =
-			(strcmp(git_reference_symbolic_target(head),
-					GIT_REFS_HEADS_DIR "master") == 0) &&
-			repo_contains_no_reference(repo);
+	result = (git_reference_type(head) == GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC &&
+	          strcmp(git_reference_symbolic_target(head), initialbranch.ptr) == 0 &&
+	          repo_contains_no_reference(repo));
 
+done:
 	git_reference_free(head);
+	git_buf_dispose(&initialbranch);
 
-	return is_empty;
+	return result;
 }
 
 static const char *resolved_parent_path(const git_repository *repo, git_repository_item_t item, git_repository_item_t fallback)
@@ -2359,13 +2514,13 @@ int git_repository_item_path(git_buf *out, const git_repository *repo, git_repos
 
 const char *git_repository_path(const git_repository *repo)
 {
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(repo, NULL);
 	return repo->gitdir;
 }
 
 const char *git_repository_workdir(const git_repository *repo)
 {
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(repo, NULL);
 
 	if (repo->is_bare)
 		return NULL;
@@ -2373,9 +2528,25 @@ const char *git_repository_workdir(const git_repository *repo)
 	return repo->workdir;
 }
 
+int git_repository_workdir_path(
+	git_buf *out, git_repository *repo, const char *path)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	if (!repo->workdir) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_REPOSITORY, "repository has no working directory");
+		return GIT_EBAREREPO;
+	}
+
+	if (!(error = git_buf_joinpath(out, repo->workdir, path)))
+		error = git_path_validate_workdir_buf(repo, out);
+
+	return error;
+}
+
 const char *git_repository_commondir(const git_repository *repo)
 {
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(repo, NULL);
 	return repo->commondir;
 }
 
@@ -2385,7 +2556,8 @@ int git_repository_set_workdir(
 	int error = 0;
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	assert(repo && workdir);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(workdir);
 
 	if (git_path_prettify_dir(&path, workdir, NULL) < 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -2425,13 +2597,13 @@ int git_repository_set_workdir(
 
 int git_repository_is_bare(const git_repository *repo)
 {
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 	return repo->is_bare;
 }
 
 int git_repository_is_worktree(const git_repository *repo)
 {
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 	return repo->is_worktree;
 }
 
@@ -2440,7 +2612,7 @@ int git_repository_set_bare(git_repository *repo)
 	int error;
 	git_config *config;
 
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	if (repo->is_bare)
 		return 0;
@@ -2508,7 +2680,8 @@ int git_repository_message(git_buf *out, git_repository *repo)
 	struct stat st;
 	int error;
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	if (git_buf_joinpath(&path, repo->gitdir, GIT_MERGE_MSG_FILE) < 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -2553,16 +2726,19 @@ int git_repository_hashfile(
 	uint64_t len;
 	git_buf full_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	assert(out && path && repo); /* as_path can be NULL */
+	 /* as_path can be NULL */
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	/* At some point, it would be nice if repo could be NULL to just
 	 * apply filter rules defined in system and global files, but for
 	 * now that is not possible because git_filters_load() needs it.
 	 */
 
-	error = git_path_join_unrooted(
-		&full_path, path, git_repository_workdir(repo), NULL);
-	if (error < 0)
+	if ((error = git_path_join_unrooted(
+		&full_path, path, git_repository_workdir(repo), NULL)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_path_validate_workdir_buf(repo, &full_path)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	if (!as_path)
@@ -2638,7 +2814,8 @@ static int detach(git_repository *repo, const git_oid *id, const char *new)
 	git_object *object = NULL, *peeled = NULL;
 	git_reference *new_head = NULL, *current = NULL;
 
-	assert(repo && id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
 
 	if ((error = git_reference_lookup(&current, repo, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -2674,7 +2851,8 @@ int git_repository_set_head(
 	git_buf log_message = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(repo && refname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refname);
 
 	if ((error = git_reference_lookup(&current, repo, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -2726,7 +2904,8 @@ int git_repository_set_head_detached_from_annotated(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	const git_annotated_commit *commitish)
 {
-	assert(repo && commitish);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(commitish);
 
 	return detach(repo, git_annotated_commit_id(commitish), commitish->description);
 }
@@ -2738,7 +2917,7 @@ int git_repository_detach_head(git_repository* repo)
 	git_buf log_message = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	if ((error = git_reference_lookup(&current, repo, GIT_HEAD_FILE)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -2773,7 +2952,7 @@ int git_repository_state(git_repository *repo)
 	git_buf repo_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int state = GIT_REPOSITORY_STATE_NONE;
 
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	if (git_buf_puts(&repo_path, repo->gitdir) < 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -2850,7 +3029,7 @@ static const char *state_files[] = {
 
 int git_repository_state_cleanup(git_repository *repo)
 {
-	assert(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	return git_repository__cleanup_files(repo, state_files, ARRAY_SIZE(state_files));
 }
@@ -2886,11 +3065,13 @@ int git_repository_init_options_init(
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_repository_init_init_options(
 	git_repository_init_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_repository_init_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 int git_repository_ident(const char **name, const char **email, const git_repository *repo)
 {
@@ -2914,8 +3095,8 @@ int git_repository_set_ident(git_repository *repo, const char *name, const char 
 		GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(tmp_email);
 	}
 
-	tmp_name = git__swap(repo->ident_name, tmp_name);
-	tmp_email = git__swap(repo->ident_email, tmp_email);
+	tmp_name = git_atomic_swap(repo->ident_name, tmp_name);
+	tmp_email = git_atomic_swap(repo->ident_email, tmp_email);
 
 	git__free(tmp_name);
 	git__free(tmp_email);
@@ -2925,28 +3106,16 @@ int git_repository_set_ident(git_repository *repo, const char *name, const char 
 
 int git_repository_submodule_cache_all(git_repository *repo)
 {
-	int error;
-
-	assert(repo);
-
-	if ((error = git_strmap_new(&repo->submodule_cache)))
-		return error;
-
-	error = git_submodule__map(repo, repo->submodule_cache);
-	return error;
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	return git_submodule_cache_init(&repo->submodule_cache, repo);
 }
 
 int git_repository_submodule_cache_clear(git_repository *repo)
 {
-	git_submodule *sm;
-	assert(repo);
-	if (repo->submodule_cache == NULL) {
-		return 0;
-	}
-	git_strmap_foreach_value(repo->submodule_cache, sm, {
-		git_submodule_free(sm);
-	});
-	git_strmap_free(repo->submodule_cache);
-	repo->submodule_cache = 0;
-	return 0;
+	int error = 0;
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+
+	error = git_submodule_cache_free(repo->submodule_cache);
+	repo->submodule_cache = NULL;
+	return error;
 }
diff --git a/src/repository.h b/src/repository.h
index bafdb58..f48dd9e 100644
--- a/src/repository.h
+++ b/src/repository.h
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ typedef enum {
 	GIT_CONFIGMAP_PROTECTHFS,       /* core.protectHFS */
 	GIT_CONFIGMAP_PROTECTNTFS,      /* core.protectNTFS */
 	GIT_CONFIGMAP_FSYNCOBJECTFILES, /* core.fsyncObjectFiles */
+	GIT_CONFIGMAP_LONGPATHS,        /* core.longpaths */
 	GIT_CONFIGMAP_CACHE_MAX
 } git_configmap_item;
 
@@ -116,6 +117,8 @@ typedef enum {
 	GIT_PROTECTNTFS_DEFAULT = GIT_CONFIGMAP_TRUE,
 	/* core.fsyncObjectFiles */
 	GIT_FSYNCOBJECTFILES_DEFAULT = GIT_CONFIGMAP_FALSE,
+	/* core.longpaths */
+	GIT_LONGPATHS_DEFAULT = GIT_CONFIGMAP_FALSE,
 } git_configmap_value;
 
 /* internal repository init flags */
@@ -152,9 +155,9 @@ struct git_repository {
 
 	unsigned int lru_counter;
 
-	git_atomic attr_session_key;
+	git_atomic32 attr_session_key;
 
-	git_configmap_value configmap_cache[GIT_CONFIGMAP_CACHE_MAX];
+	intptr_t configmap_cache[GIT_CONFIGMAP_CACHE_MAX];
 	git_strmap *submodule_cache;
 };
 
@@ -166,34 +169,11 @@ GIT_INLINE(git_attr_cache *) git_repository_attr_cache(git_repository *repo)
 int git_repository_head_tree(git_tree **tree, git_repository *repo);
 int git_repository_create_head(const char *git_dir, const char *ref_name);
 
-/*
- * Called for each HEAD.
- *
- * Can return either 0, causing the iteration over HEADs to
- * continue, or a non-0 value causing the iteration to abort. The
- * return value is passed back to the caller of
- * `git_repository_foreach_head`
- */
-typedef int (*git_repository_foreach_head_cb)(git_repository *repo, const char *path, void *payload);
+typedef int (*git_repository_foreach_worktree_cb)(git_repository *, void *);
 
-enum {
-	/* Skip enumeration of the main repository HEAD */
-	GIT_REPOSITORY_FOREACH_HEAD_SKIP_REPO      = (1u << 0),
-	/* Skip enumeration of worktree HEADs */
-	GIT_REPOSITORY_FOREACH_HEAD_SKIP_WORKTREES = (1u << 1),
-};
-
-/*
- * Iterate over repository and all worktree HEADs.
- *
- * This function will be called for the repository HEAD and for
- * all HEADS of linked worktrees. For each HEAD, the callback is
- * executed with the given payload. The return value equals the
- * return value of the last executed callback function.
- */
-int git_repository_foreach_head(git_repository *repo,
-				git_repository_foreach_head_cb cb,
-				int flags, void *payload);
+int git_repository_foreach_worktree(git_repository *repo,
+				    git_repository_foreach_worktree_cb cb,
+				    void *payload);
 
 /*
  * Weak pointers to repository internals.
@@ -255,4 +235,18 @@ extern size_t git_repository__reserved_names_posix_len;
 bool git_repository__reserved_names(
 	git_buf **out, size_t *outlen, git_repository *repo, bool include_ntfs);
 
+/*
+ * The default branch for the repository; the `init.defaultBranch`
+ * configuration option, if set, or `master` if it is not.
+ */
+int git_repository_initialbranch(git_buf *out, git_repository *repo);
+
+/*
+ * Given a relative `path`, this makes it absolute based on the
+ * repository's working directory.  This will perform validation
+ * to ensure that the path is not longer than MAX_PATH on Windows
+ * (unless `core.longpaths` is set in the repo config).
+ */
+int git_repository_workdir_path(git_buf *out, git_repository *repo, const char *path);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/src/reset.c b/src/reset.c
index ca6a5bd..dfae91d 100644
--- a/src/reset.c
+++ b/src/reset.c
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ int git_reset_default(
 	int error;
 	git_index *index = NULL;
 
-	assert(pathspecs != NULL && pathspecs->count > 0);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(pathspecs && pathspecs->count > 0);
 
 	memset(&entry, 0, sizeof(git_index_entry));
 
@@ -62,10 +62,10 @@ int git_reset_default(
 	for (i = 0, max_i = git_diff_num_deltas(diff); i < max_i; ++i) {
 		const git_diff_delta *delta = git_diff_get_delta(diff, i);
 
-		assert(delta->status == GIT_DELTA_ADDED ||
-			delta->status == GIT_DELTA_MODIFIED ||
-			delta->status == GIT_DELTA_CONFLICTED ||
-			delta->status == GIT_DELTA_DELETED);
+		GIT_ASSERT(delta->status == GIT_DELTA_ADDED ||
+		           delta->status == GIT_DELTA_MODIFIED ||
+		           delta->status == GIT_DELTA_CONFLICTED ||
+		           delta->status == GIT_DELTA_DELETED);
 
 		error = git_index_conflict_remove(index, delta->old_file.path);
 		if (error < 0) {
@@ -113,7 +113,8 @@ static int reset(
 	git_checkout_options opts = GIT_CHECKOUT_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	git_buf log_message = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	assert(repo && target);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(target);
 
 	if (checkout_opts)
 		opts = *checkout_opts;
diff --git a/src/revert.c b/src/revert.c
index b41a2a1..683f0d7 100644
--- a/src/revert.c
+++ b/src/revert.c
@@ -129,7 +129,10 @@ int git_revert_commit(
 	git_tree *parent_tree = NULL, *our_tree = NULL, *revert_tree = NULL;
 	int parent = 0, error = 0;
 
-	assert(out && repo && revert_commit && our_commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(revert_commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(our_commit);
 
 	if (git_commit_parentcount(revert_commit) > 1) {
 		if (!mainline)
@@ -180,7 +183,8 @@ int git_revert(
 	git_indexwriter indexwriter = GIT_INDEXWRITER_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(repo && commit);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(commit);
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(given_opts, GIT_REVERT_OPTIONS_VERSION, "git_revert_options");
 
@@ -231,7 +235,9 @@ int git_revert_options_init(git_revert_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_revert_init_options(git_revert_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_revert_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/revparse.c b/src/revparse.c
index c627de6..b0c312d 100644
--- a/src/revparse.c
+++ b/src/revparse.c
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ static int handle_at_syntax(git_object **out, git_reference **ref, const char *s
 	git_buf identifier = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_time_t timestamp;
 
-	assert(*out == NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT(*out == NULL);
 
 	if (git_buf_put(&identifier, spec, identifier_len) < 0)
 		return -1;
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ static int extract_curly_braces_content(git_buf *buf, const char *spec, size_t *
 {
 	git_buf_clear(buf);
 
-	assert(spec[*pos] == '^' || spec[*pos] == '@');
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(spec[*pos] == '^' || spec[*pos] == '@');
 
 	(*pos)++;
 
@@ -537,7 +537,8 @@ static int extract_curly_braces_content(git_buf *buf, const char *spec, size_t *
 		if (spec[*pos] == '\0')
 			return GIT_EINVALIDSPEC;
 
-		git_buf_putc(buf, spec[(*pos)++]);
+		if (git_buf_putc(buf, spec[(*pos)++]) < 0)
+			return -1;
 	}
 
 	(*pos)++;
@@ -549,7 +550,7 @@ static int extract_path(git_buf *buf, const char *spec, size_t *pos)
 {
 	git_buf_clear(buf);
 
-	assert(spec[*pos] == ':');
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(spec[*pos] == ':');
 
 	(*pos)++;
 
@@ -567,7 +568,7 @@ static int extract_how_many(int *n, const char *spec, size_t *pos)
 	int parsed, accumulated;
 	char kind = spec[*pos];
 
-	assert(spec[*pos] == '^' || spec[*pos] == '~');
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(spec[*pos] == '^' || spec[*pos] == '~');
 
 	accumulated = 0;
 
@@ -585,7 +586,7 @@ static int extract_how_many(int *n, const char *spec, size_t *pos)
 			*pos = end_ptr - spec;
 		}
 
-	} 	while (spec[(*pos)] == kind && kind == '~');
+	} while (spec[(*pos)] == kind && kind == '~');
 
 	*n = accumulated;
 
@@ -659,7 +660,7 @@ static int ensure_left_hand_identifier_is_not_known_yet(git_object *object, git_
 	return GIT_EINVALIDSPEC;
 }
 
-int revparse__ext(
+static int revparse(
 	git_object **object_out,
 	git_reference **reference_out,
 	size_t *identifier_len_out,
@@ -675,7 +676,10 @@ int revparse__ext(
 
 	bool should_return_reference = true;
 
-	assert(object_out && reference_out && repo && spec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(object_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(reference_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(spec);
 
 	*object_out = NULL;
 	*reference_out = NULL;
@@ -835,7 +839,7 @@ int git_revparse_ext(
 	git_object *obj = NULL;
 	git_reference *ref = NULL;
 
-	if ((error = revparse__ext(&obj, &ref, &identifier_len, repo, spec)) < 0)
+	if ((error = revparse(&obj, &ref, &identifier_len, repo, spec)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	*object_out = obj;
@@ -881,14 +885,16 @@ int git_revparse(
 	const char *dotdot;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(revspec && repo && spec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(revspec);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(spec);
 
 	memset(revspec, 0x0, sizeof(*revspec));
 
 	if ((dotdot = strstr(spec, "..")) != NULL) {
 		char *lstr;
 		const char *rstr;
-		revspec->flags = GIT_REVPARSE_RANGE;
+		revspec->flags = GIT_REVSPEC_RANGE;
 
 		/*
 		 * Following git.git, don't allow '..' because it makes command line
@@ -904,7 +910,7 @@ int git_revparse(
 		lstr = git__substrdup(spec, dotdot - spec);
 		rstr = dotdot + 2;
 		if (dotdot[2] == '.') {
-			revspec->flags |= GIT_REVPARSE_MERGE_BASE;
+			revspec->flags |= GIT_REVSPEC_MERGE_BASE;
 			rstr++;
 		}
 
@@ -922,7 +928,7 @@ int git_revparse(
 
 		git__free((void*)lstr);
 	} else {
-		revspec->flags = GIT_REVPARSE_SINGLE;
+		revspec->flags = GIT_REVSPEC_SINGLE;
 		error = git_revparse_single(&revspec->from, repo, spec);
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/revwalk.c b/src/revwalk.c
index 4587b5a..a686a9f 100644
--- a/src/revwalk.c
+++ b/src/revwalk.c
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ int git_revwalk__push_commit(git_revwalk *walk, const git_oid *oid, const git_re
 			return 0;
 
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "object is not a committish");
-		return -1;
+		return error;
 	}
 	if (error < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -99,7 +99,8 @@ int git_revwalk_push(git_revwalk *walk, const git_oid *oid)
 {
 	git_revwalk__push_options opts = GIT_REVWALK__PUSH_OPTIONS_INIT;
 
-	assert(walk && oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(walk);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
 
 	return git_revwalk__push_commit(walk, oid, &opts);
 }
@@ -108,7 +109,9 @@ int git_revwalk_push(git_revwalk *walk, const git_oid *oid)
 int git_revwalk_hide(git_revwalk *walk, const git_oid *oid)
 {
 	git_revwalk__push_options opts = GIT_REVWALK__PUSH_OPTIONS_INIT;
-	assert(walk && oid);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(walk);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
 
 	opts.uninteresting = 1;
 	return git_revwalk__push_commit(walk, oid, &opts);
@@ -133,7 +136,8 @@ int git_revwalk__push_glob(git_revwalk *walk, const char *glob, const git_revwal
 	git_reference_iterator *iter;
 	size_t wildcard;
 
-	assert(walk && glob);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(walk);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(glob);
 
 	if (given_opts)
 		memcpy(&opts, given_opts, sizeof(opts));
@@ -172,7 +176,9 @@ out:
 int git_revwalk_push_glob(git_revwalk *walk, const char *glob)
 {
 	git_revwalk__push_options opts = GIT_REVWALK__PUSH_OPTIONS_INIT;
-	assert(walk && glob);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(walk);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(glob);
 
 	return git_revwalk__push_glob(walk, glob, &opts);
 }
@@ -180,7 +186,9 @@ int git_revwalk_push_glob(git_revwalk *walk, const char *glob)
 int git_revwalk_hide_glob(git_revwalk *walk, const char *glob)
 {
 	git_revwalk__push_options opts = GIT_REVWALK__PUSH_OPTIONS_INIT;
-	assert(walk && glob);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(walk);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(glob);
 
 	opts.uninteresting = 1;
 	return git_revwalk__push_glob(walk, glob, &opts);
@@ -189,7 +197,8 @@ int git_revwalk_hide_glob(git_revwalk *walk, const char *glob)
 int git_revwalk_push_head(git_revwalk *walk)
 {
 	git_revwalk__push_options opts = GIT_REVWALK__PUSH_OPTIONS_INIT;
-	assert(walk);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(walk);
 
 	return git_revwalk__push_ref(walk, GIT_HEAD_FILE, &opts);
 }
@@ -197,7 +206,8 @@ int git_revwalk_push_head(git_revwalk *walk)
 int git_revwalk_hide_head(git_revwalk *walk)
 {
 	git_revwalk__push_options opts = GIT_REVWALK__PUSH_OPTIONS_INIT;
-	assert(walk);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(walk);
 
 	opts.uninteresting = 1;
 	return git_revwalk__push_ref(walk, GIT_HEAD_FILE, &opts);
@@ -206,7 +216,9 @@ int git_revwalk_hide_head(git_revwalk *walk)
 int git_revwalk_push_ref(git_revwalk *walk, const char *refname)
 {
 	git_revwalk__push_options opts = GIT_REVWALK__PUSH_OPTIONS_INIT;
-	assert(walk && refname);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(walk);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refname);
 
 	return git_revwalk__push_ref(walk, refname, &opts);
 }
@@ -226,7 +238,7 @@ int git_revwalk_push_range(git_revwalk *walk, const char *range)
 		goto out;
 	}
 
-	if (revspec.flags & GIT_REVPARSE_MERGE_BASE) {
+	if (revspec.flags & GIT_REVSPEC_MERGE_BASE) {
 		/* TODO: support "<commit>...<commit>" */
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "symmetric differences not implemented in revwalk");
 		error = GIT_EINVALIDSPEC;
@@ -249,7 +261,10 @@ out:
 int git_revwalk_hide_ref(git_revwalk *walk, const char *refname)
 {
 	git_revwalk__push_options opts = GIT_REVWALK__PUSH_OPTIONS_INIT;
-	assert(walk && refname);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(walk);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refname);
+
 	opts.uninteresting = 1;
 	return git_revwalk__push_ref(walk, refname, &opts);
 }
@@ -659,13 +674,11 @@ int git_revwalk_new(git_revwalk **revwalk_out, git_repository *repo)
 	git_revwalk *walk = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_revwalk));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(walk);
 
-	if (git_oidmap_new(&walk->commits) < 0)
+	if (git_oidmap_new(&walk->commits) < 0 ||
+	    git_pqueue_init(&walk->iterator_time, 0, 8, git_commit_list_time_cmp) < 0 ||
+	    git_pool_init(&walk->commit_pool, COMMIT_ALLOC) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	if (git_pqueue_init(&walk->iterator_time, 0, 8, git_commit_list_time_cmp) < 0)
-		return -1;
-
-	git_pool_init(&walk->commit_pool, COMMIT_ALLOC);
 	walk->get_next = &revwalk_next_unsorted;
 	walk->enqueue = &revwalk_enqueue_unsorted;
 
@@ -696,13 +709,14 @@ void git_revwalk_free(git_revwalk *walk)
 
 git_repository *git_revwalk_repository(git_revwalk *walk)
 {
-	assert(walk);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(walk, NULL);
+
 	return walk->repo;
 }
 
 int git_revwalk_sorting(git_revwalk *walk, unsigned int sort_mode)
 {
-	assert(walk);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(walk);
 
 	if (walk->walking)
 		git_revwalk_reset(walk);
@@ -734,7 +748,8 @@ int git_revwalk_next(git_oid *oid, git_revwalk *walk)
 	int error;
 	git_commit_list_node *next;
 
-	assert(walk && oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(walk);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
 
 	if (!walk->walking) {
 		if ((error = prepare_walk(walk)) < 0)
@@ -759,7 +774,7 @@ int git_revwalk_reset(git_revwalk *walk)
 {
 	git_commit_list_node *commit;
 
-	assert(walk);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(walk);
 
 	git_oidmap_foreach_value(walk->commits, commit, {
 		commit->seen = 0;
@@ -789,7 +804,7 @@ int git_revwalk_add_hide_cb(
 	git_revwalk_hide_cb hide_cb,
 	void *payload)
 {
-	assert(walk);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(walk);
 
 	if (walk->walking)
 		git_revwalk_reset(walk);
diff --git a/src/runtime.c b/src/runtime.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c05dee8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime.c
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include "common.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
+
+static git_runtime_shutdown_fn shutdown_callback[32];
+static git_atomic32 shutdown_callback_count;
+
+static git_atomic32 init_count;
+
+static int init_common(git_runtime_init_fn init_fns[], size_t cnt)
+{
+	size_t i;
+	int ret;
+
+	/* Initialize subsystems that have global state */
+	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+		if ((ret = init_fns[i]()) != 0)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	GIT_MEMORY_BARRIER;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void shutdown_common(void)
+{
+	git_runtime_shutdown_fn cb;
+	int pos;
+
+	for (pos = git_atomic32_get(&shutdown_callback_count);
+	     pos > 0;
+	     pos = git_atomic32_dec(&shutdown_callback_count)) {
+		cb = git_atomic_swap(shutdown_callback[pos - 1], NULL);
+
+		if (cb != NULL)
+			cb();
+	}
+}
+
+int git_runtime_shutdown_register(git_runtime_shutdown_fn callback)
+{
+	int count = git_atomic32_inc(&shutdown_callback_count);
+
+	if (count > (int)ARRAY_SIZE(shutdown_callback) || count == 0) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID,
+		              "too many shutdown callbacks registered");
+		git_atomic32_dec(&shutdown_callback_count);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	shutdown_callback[count - 1] = callback;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#if defined(GIT_THREADS) && defined(GIT_WIN32)
+
+/*
+ * On Win32, we use a spinlock to provide locking semantics.  This is
+ * lighter-weight than a proper critical section.
+ */
+static volatile LONG init_spinlock = 0;
+
+GIT_INLINE(int) init_lock(void)
+{
+	while (InterlockedCompareExchange(&init_spinlock, 1, 0)) { Sleep(0); }
+	return 0;
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(int) init_unlock(void)
+{
+	InterlockedExchange(&init_spinlock, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#elif defined(GIT_THREADS) && defined(_POSIX_THREADS)
+
+/*
+ * On POSIX, we need to use a proper mutex for locking.  We might prefer
+ * a spinlock here, too, but there's no static initializer for a
+ * pthread_spinlock_t.
+ */
+static pthread_mutex_t init_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+
+GIT_INLINE(int) init_lock(void)
+{
+	return pthread_mutex_lock(&init_mutex) == 0 ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(int) init_unlock(void)
+{
+	return pthread_mutex_unlock(&init_mutex) == 0 ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+#elif defined(GIT_THREADS)
+# error unknown threading model
+#else
+
+# define init_lock() git__noop()
+# define init_unlock() git__noop()
+
+#endif
+
+int git_runtime_init(git_runtime_init_fn init_fns[], size_t cnt)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (init_lock() < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	/* Only do work on a 0 -> 1 transition of the refcount */
+	if ((ret = git_atomic32_inc(&init_count)) == 1) {
+		if (init_common(init_fns, cnt) < 0)
+			ret = -1;
+	}
+
+	if (init_unlock() < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int git_runtime_init_count(void)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (init_lock() < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	ret = git_atomic32_get(&init_count);
+
+	if (init_unlock() < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int git_runtime_shutdown(void)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	/* Enter the lock */
+	if (init_lock() < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	/* Only do work on a 1 -> 0 transition of the refcount */
+	if ((ret = git_atomic32_dec(&init_count)) == 0)
+		shutdown_common();
+
+	/* Exit the lock */
+	if (init_unlock() < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/src/runtime.h b/src/runtime.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24ac58e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime.h
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+#ifndef INCLUDE_runtime_h__
+#define INCLUDE_runtime_h__
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+typedef int (*git_runtime_init_fn)(void);
+typedef void (*git_runtime_shutdown_fn)(void);
+
+/**
+ * Start up a new runtime.  If this is the first time that this
+ * function is called within the context of the current library
+ * or executable, then the given `init_fns` will be invoked.  If
+ * it is not the first time, they will be ignored.
+ *
+ * The given initialization functions _may_ register shutdown
+ * handlers using `git_runtime_shutdown_register` to be notified
+ * when the runtime is shutdown.
+ *
+ * @param init_fns The list of initialization functions to call
+ * @param cnt The number of init_fns
+ * @return The number of initializations performed (including this one) or an error
+ */
+int git_runtime_init(git_runtime_init_fn init_fns[], size_t cnt);
+
+/*
+ * Returns the number of initializations active (the number of calls to
+ * `git_runtime_init` minus the number of calls sto `git_runtime_shutdown`).
+ * If 0, the runtime is not currently initialized.
+ *
+ * @return The number of initializations performed or an error
+ */
+int git_runtime_init_count(void);
+
+/**
+ * Shut down the runtime.  If this is the last shutdown call,
+ * such that there are no remaining `init` calls, then any
+ * shutdown hooks that have been registered will be invoked.
+ *
+ * The number of outstanding initializations will be returned.
+ * If this number is 0, then the runtime is shutdown.
+ *
+ * @return The number of outstanding initializations (after this one) or an error
+ */
+int git_runtime_shutdown(void);
+
+/**
+ * Register a shutdown handler for this runtime.  This should be done
+ * by a function invoked by `git_runtime_init` to ensure that the
+ * appropriate locks are taken.
+ *
+ * @param callback The shutdown handler callback
+ * @return 0 or an error code
+ */
+int git_runtime_shutdown_register(git_runtime_shutdown_fn callback);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/settings.c b/src/settings.c
deleted file mode 100644
index f9f6b84..0000000
--- a/src/settings.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,302 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#ifdef GIT_OPENSSL
-# include <openssl/err.h>
-#endif
-
-#ifdef GIT_MBEDTLS
-# include <mbedtls/error.h>
-#endif
-
-#include <git2.h>
-#include "alloc.h"
-#include "sysdir.h"
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "global.h"
-#include "object.h"
-#include "odb.h"
-#include "refs.h"
-#include "index.h"
-#include "transports/smart.h"
-#include "transports/http.h"
-#include "streams/openssl.h"
-#include "streams/mbedtls.h"
-
-int git_libgit2_version(int *major, int *minor, int *rev)
-{
-	*major = LIBGIT2_VER_MAJOR;
-	*minor = LIBGIT2_VER_MINOR;
-	*rev = LIBGIT2_VER_REVISION;
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int git_libgit2_features(void)
-{
-	return 0
-#ifdef GIT_THREADS
-		| GIT_FEATURE_THREADS
-#endif
-#ifdef GIT_HTTPS
-		| GIT_FEATURE_HTTPS
-#endif
-#if defined(GIT_SSH)
-		| GIT_FEATURE_SSH
-#endif
-#if defined(GIT_USE_NSEC)
-		| GIT_FEATURE_NSEC
-#endif
-	;
-}
-
-/* Declarations for tuneable settings */
-extern size_t git_mwindow__window_size;
-extern size_t git_mwindow__mapped_limit;
-extern size_t git_indexer__max_objects;
-extern bool git_disable_pack_keep_file_checks;
-
-static int config_level_to_sysdir(int config_level)
-{
-	int val = -1;
-
-	switch (config_level) {
-	case GIT_CONFIG_LEVEL_SYSTEM:
-		val = GIT_SYSDIR_SYSTEM;
-		break;
-	case GIT_CONFIG_LEVEL_XDG:
-		val = GIT_SYSDIR_XDG;
-		break;
-	case GIT_CONFIG_LEVEL_GLOBAL:
-		val = GIT_SYSDIR_GLOBAL;
-		break;
-	case GIT_CONFIG_LEVEL_PROGRAMDATA:
-		val = GIT_SYSDIR_PROGRAMDATA;
-		break;
-	default:
-		git_error_set(
-			GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "invalid config path selector %d", config_level);
-	}
-
-	return val;
-}
-
-extern char *git__user_agent;
-extern char *git__ssl_ciphers;
-
-const char *git_libgit2__user_agent(void)
-{
-	return git__user_agent;
-}
-
-const char *git_libgit2__ssl_ciphers(void)
-{
-	return git__ssl_ciphers;
-}
-
-int git_libgit2_opts(int key, ...)
-{
-	int error = 0;
-	va_list ap;
-
-	va_start(ap, key);
-
-	switch (key) {
-	case GIT_OPT_SET_MWINDOW_SIZE:
-		git_mwindow__window_size = va_arg(ap, size_t);
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_GET_MWINDOW_SIZE:
-		*(va_arg(ap, size_t *)) = git_mwindow__window_size;
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_SET_MWINDOW_MAPPED_LIMIT:
-		git_mwindow__mapped_limit = va_arg(ap, size_t);
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_GET_MWINDOW_MAPPED_LIMIT:
-		*(va_arg(ap, size_t *)) = git_mwindow__mapped_limit;
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_GET_SEARCH_PATH:
-		if ((error = config_level_to_sysdir(va_arg(ap, int))) >= 0) {
-			git_buf *out = va_arg(ap, git_buf *);
-			const git_buf *tmp;
-
-			git_buf_sanitize(out);
-			if ((error = git_sysdir_get(&tmp, error)) < 0)
-				break;
-
-			error = git_buf_sets(out, tmp->ptr);
-		}
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_SET_SEARCH_PATH:
-		if ((error = config_level_to_sysdir(va_arg(ap, int))) >= 0)
-			error = git_sysdir_set(error, va_arg(ap, const char *));
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_SET_CACHE_OBJECT_LIMIT:
-		{
-			git_object_t type = (git_object_t)va_arg(ap, int);
-			size_t size = va_arg(ap, size_t);
-			error = git_cache_set_max_object_size(type, size);
-			break;
-		}
-
-	case GIT_OPT_SET_CACHE_MAX_SIZE:
-		git_cache__max_storage = va_arg(ap, ssize_t);
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_CACHING:
-		git_cache__enabled = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_GET_CACHED_MEMORY:
-		*(va_arg(ap, ssize_t *)) = git_cache__current_storage.val;
-		*(va_arg(ap, ssize_t *)) = git_cache__max_storage;
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_GET_TEMPLATE_PATH:
-		{
-			git_buf *out = va_arg(ap, git_buf *);
-			const git_buf *tmp;
-
-			git_buf_sanitize(out);
-			if ((error = git_sysdir_get(&tmp, GIT_SYSDIR_TEMPLATE)) < 0)
-				break;
-
-			error = git_buf_sets(out, tmp->ptr);
-		}
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_SET_TEMPLATE_PATH:
-		error = git_sysdir_set(GIT_SYSDIR_TEMPLATE, va_arg(ap, const char *));
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_SET_SSL_CERT_LOCATIONS:
-#ifdef GIT_OPENSSL
-		{
-			const char *file = va_arg(ap, const char *);
-			const char *path = va_arg(ap, const char *);
-			error = git_openssl__set_cert_location(file, path);
-		}
-#elif defined(GIT_MBEDTLS)
-		{
-			const char *file = va_arg(ap, const char *);
-			const char *path = va_arg(ap, const char *);
-			if (file)
-				error = git_mbedtls__set_cert_location(file, 0);
-			if (error && path)
-				error = git_mbedtls__set_cert_location(path, 1);
-		}
-#else
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SSL, "TLS backend doesn't support certificate locations");
-		error = -1;
-#endif
-		break;
-	case GIT_OPT_SET_USER_AGENT:
-		git__free(git__user_agent);
-		git__user_agent = git__strdup(va_arg(ap, const char *));
-		if (!git__user_agent) {
-			git_error_set_oom();
-			error = -1;
-		}
-
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_STRICT_OBJECT_CREATION:
-		git_object__strict_input_validation = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_STRICT_SYMBOLIC_REF_CREATION:
-		git_reference__enable_symbolic_ref_target_validation = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_SET_SSL_CIPHERS:
-#if (GIT_OPENSSL || GIT_MBEDTLS)
-		{
-			git__free(git__ssl_ciphers);
-			git__ssl_ciphers = git__strdup(va_arg(ap, const char *));
-			if (!git__ssl_ciphers) {
-				git_error_set_oom();
-				error = -1;
-			}
-		}
-#else
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SSL, "TLS backend doesn't support custom ciphers");
-		error = -1;
-#endif
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_GET_USER_AGENT:
-		{
-			git_buf *out = va_arg(ap, git_buf *);
-			git_buf_sanitize(out);
-			error = git_buf_sets(out, git__user_agent);
-		}
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_OFS_DELTA:
-		git_smart__ofs_delta_enabled = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_FSYNC_GITDIR:
-		git_repository__fsync_gitdir = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_GET_WINDOWS_SHAREMODE:
-#ifdef GIT_WIN32
-		*(va_arg(ap, unsigned long *)) = git_win32__createfile_sharemode;
-#endif
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_SET_WINDOWS_SHAREMODE:
-#ifdef GIT_WIN32
-		git_win32__createfile_sharemode = va_arg(ap, unsigned long);
-#endif
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_STRICT_HASH_VERIFICATION:
-		git_odb__strict_hash_verification = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_SET_ALLOCATOR:
-		error = git_allocator_setup(va_arg(ap, git_allocator *));
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_UNSAVED_INDEX_SAFETY:
-		git_index__enforce_unsaved_safety = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_SET_PACK_MAX_OBJECTS:
-		git_indexer__max_objects = va_arg(ap, size_t);
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_GET_PACK_MAX_OBJECTS:
-		*(va_arg(ap, size_t *)) = git_indexer__max_objects;
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_DISABLE_PACK_KEEP_FILE_CHECKS:
-		git_disable_pack_keep_file_checks = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
-		break;
-
-	case GIT_OPT_ENABLE_HTTP_EXPECT_CONTINUE:
-		git_http__expect_continue = (va_arg(ap, int) != 0);
-		break;
-
-	default:
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "invalid option key");
-		error = -1;
-	}
-
-	va_end(ap);
-
-	return error;
-}
diff --git a/src/settings.h b/src/settings.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc42ce9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/settings.h
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+extern int git_settings_global_init(void);
+
+extern const char *git_libgit2__user_agent(void);
+extern const char *git_libgit2__ssl_ciphers(void);
diff --git a/src/sha1_lookup.c b/src/sha1_lookup.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 14fcb40..0000000
--- a/src/sha1_lookup.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-
-#include "sha1_lookup.h"
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-
-#include "oid.h"
-
-int sha1_position(const void *table,
-			size_t stride,
-			unsigned lo, unsigned hi,
-			const unsigned char *key)
-{
-	const unsigned char *base = table;
-
-	while (lo < hi) {
-		unsigned mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
-		int cmp = git_oid__hashcmp(base + mi * stride, key);
-
-		if (!cmp)
-			return mi;
-
-		if (cmp > 0)
-			hi = mi;
-		else
-			lo = mi+1;
-	}
-
-	return -((int)lo)-1;
-}
diff --git a/src/sha1_lookup.h b/src/sha1_lookup.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 841ea5b..0000000
--- a/src/sha1_lookup.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-#ifndef INCLUDE_sha1_lookup_h__
-#define INCLUDE_sha1_lookup_h__
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include <stdlib.h>
-
-int sha1_position(const void *table,
-			size_t stride,
-			unsigned lo, unsigned hi,
-			const unsigned char *key);
-
-#endif
diff --git a/src/signature.c b/src/signature.c
index f4c8a10..1efda21 100644
--- a/src/signature.c
+++ b/src/signature.c
@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@ int git_signature_new(git_signature **sig_out, const char *name, const char *ema
 {
 	git_signature *p = NULL;
 
-	assert(name && email);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(email);
 
 	*sig_out = NULL;
 
@@ -279,7 +280,8 @@ int git_signature_from_buffer(git_signature **out, const char *buf)
 	const char *buf_end;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && buf);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(buf);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -302,8 +304,6 @@ void git_signature__writebuf(git_buf *buf, const char *header, const git_signatu
 	int offset, hours, mins;
 	char sign;
 
-	assert(buf && sig);
-
 	offset = sig->when.offset;
 	sign = (sig->when.offset < 0 || sig->when.sign == '-') ? '-' : '+';
 
@@ -320,7 +320,8 @@ void git_signature__writebuf(git_buf *buf, const char *header, const git_signatu
 
 bool git_signature__equal(const git_signature *one, const git_signature *two)
 {
-	assert(one && two);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(one);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(two);
 
 	return
 		git__strcmp(one->name, two->name) == 0 &&
diff --git a/src/sortedcache.c b/src/sortedcache.c
index 8f7ea23..ee6363f 100644
--- a/src/sortedcache.c
+++ b/src/sortedcache.c
@@ -25,9 +25,8 @@ int git_sortedcache_new(
 	sc = git__calloc(1, alloclen);
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(sc);
 
-	git_pool_init(&sc->pool, 1);
-
-	if (git_vector_init(&sc->items, 4, item_cmp) < 0 ||
+	if (git_pool_init(&sc->pool, 1) < 0 ||
+	    git_vector_init(&sc->items, 4, item_cmp) < 0 ||
 	    git_strmap_new(&sc->map) < 0)
 		goto fail;
 
diff --git a/src/sortedcache.h b/src/sortedcache.h
index e553d01..0e1f63c 100644
--- a/src/sortedcache.h
+++ b/src/sortedcache.h
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 #include "util.h"
 #include "futils.h"
 #include "vector.h"
-#include "thread-utils.h"
+#include "thread.h"
 #include "pool.h"
 #include "strmap.h"
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ typedef struct {
  *        may be NULL.  The cache makes it easy to load this and check
  *        if it has been modified since the last load and/or write.
  */
-int git_sortedcache_new(
+GIT_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int git_sortedcache_new(
 	git_sortedcache **out,
 	size_t item_path_offset, /* use offsetof(struct, path-field) macro */
 	git_sortedcache_free_item_fn free_item,
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ int git_sortedcache_new(
  * - `copy_item` can be NULL to just use memcpy
  * - if `lock`, grabs read lock on `src` during copy and releases after
  */
-int git_sortedcache_copy(
+GIT_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int git_sortedcache_copy(
 	git_sortedcache **out,
 	git_sortedcache *src,
 	bool lock,
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ const char *git_sortedcache_path(git_sortedcache *sc);
  */
 
 /* Lock sortedcache for write */
-int git_sortedcache_wlock(git_sortedcache *sc);
+GIT_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int git_sortedcache_wlock(git_sortedcache *sc);
 
 /* Unlock sorted cache when done with write */
 void git_sortedcache_wunlock(git_sortedcache *sc);
@@ -120,7 +120,8 @@ void git_sortedcache_wunlock(git_sortedcache *sc);
  *
  * @return 0 if up-to-date, 1 if out-of-date, <0 on error
  */
-int git_sortedcache_lockandload(git_sortedcache *sc, git_buf *buf);
+GIT_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int git_sortedcache_lockandload(
+	git_sortedcache *sc, git_buf *buf);
 
 /* Refresh file timestamp after write completes
  * You should already be holding the write lock when you call this.
@@ -132,12 +133,13 @@ void git_sortedcache_updated(git_sortedcache *sc);
  * If `wlock` is true, grabs write lock and releases when done, otherwise
  * you should already be holding a write lock when you call this.
  */
-int git_sortedcache_clear(git_sortedcache *sc, bool wlock);
+GIT_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int git_sortedcache_clear(
+	git_sortedcache *sc, bool wlock);
 
 /* Find and/or insert item, returning pointer to item data.
  * You should already be holding the write lock when you call this.
  */
-int git_sortedcache_upsert(
+GIT_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int git_sortedcache_upsert(
 	void **out, git_sortedcache *sc, const char *key);
 
 /* Removes entry at pos from cache
@@ -155,7 +157,7 @@ int git_sortedcache_remove(git_sortedcache *sc, size_t pos);
  */
 
 /* Lock sortedcache for read */
-int git_sortedcache_rlock(git_sortedcache *sc);
+GIT_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int git_sortedcache_rlock(git_sortedcache *sc);
 
 /* Unlock sorted cache when done with read */
 void git_sortedcache_runlock(git_sortedcache *sc);
diff --git a/src/stash.c b/src/stash.c
index 4a13d05..8ee1273 100644
--- a/src/stash.c
+++ b/src/stash.c
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ static int stash_to_index(
 	git_index *index,
 	const char *path)
 {
-	git_index *repo_index;
+	git_index *repo_index = NULL;
 	git_index_entry entry = {{0}};
 	struct stat st;
 	int error;
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ static int stash_to_index(
 		return error;
 
 	git_index_entry__init_from_stat(&entry, &st,
-		(repo_index != NULL || !repo_index->distrust_filemode));
+		(repo_index == NULL || !repo_index->distrust_filemode));
 
 	entry.path = path;
 
@@ -546,7 +546,9 @@ int git_stash_save(
 	git_buf msg = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && repo && stasher);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(stasher);
 
 	if ((error = git_repository__ensure_not_bare(repo, "stash save")) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -776,10 +778,12 @@ int git_stash_apply_options_init(git_stash_apply_options *opts, unsigned int ver
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_stash_apply_init_options(git_stash_apply_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_stash_apply_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 #define NOTIFY_PROGRESS(opts, progress_type)				\
 	do {								\
diff --git a/src/status.c b/src/status.c
index 6a12844..c985646 100644
--- a/src/status.c
+++ b/src/status.c
@@ -391,14 +391,14 @@ done:
 
 size_t git_status_list_entrycount(git_status_list *status)
 {
-	assert(status);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(status, 0);
 
 	return status->paired.length;
 }
 
 const git_status_entry *git_status_byindex(git_status_list *status, size_t i)
 {
-	assert(status);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(status, NULL);
 
 	return git_vector_get(&status->paired, i);
 }
@@ -492,7 +492,9 @@ int git_status_file(
 	struct status_file_info sfi = {0};
 	git_index *index;
 
-	assert(status_flags && repo && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(status_flags);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	if ((error = git_repository_index__weakptr(&index, repo)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -548,15 +550,18 @@ int git_status_options_init(git_status_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_status_init_options(git_status_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_status_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 int git_status_list_get_perfdata(
 	git_diff_perfdata *out, const git_status_list *status)
 {
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(out, GIT_DIFF_PERFDATA_VERSION, "git_diff_perfdata");
 
 	out->stat_calls = 0;
diff --git a/src/strarray.c b/src/strarray.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f9b77c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/strarray.c
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include "util.h"
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+int git_strarray_copy(git_strarray *tgt, const git_strarray *src)
+{
+	size_t i;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tgt);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(src);
+
+	memset(tgt, 0, sizeof(*tgt));
+
+	if (!src->count)
+		return 0;
+
+	tgt->strings = git__calloc(src->count, sizeof(char *));
+	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(tgt->strings);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < src->count; ++i) {
+		if (!src->strings[i])
+			continue;
+
+		tgt->strings[tgt->count] = git__strdup(src->strings[i]);
+		if (!tgt->strings[tgt->count]) {
+			git_strarray_dispose(tgt);
+			memset(tgt, 0, sizeof(*tgt));
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		tgt->count++;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void git_strarray_dispose(git_strarray *array)
+{
+	size_t i;
+
+	if (array == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < array->count; ++i)
+		git__free(array->strings[i]);
+
+	git__free(array->strings);
+
+	memset(array, 0, sizeof(*array));
+}
+
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
+void git_strarray_free(git_strarray *array)
+{
+	git_strarray_dispose(array);
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/src/streams/mbedtls.c b/src/streams/mbedtls.c
index cbe2f68..22b9f47 100644
--- a/src/streams/mbedtls.c
+++ b/src/streams/mbedtls.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 #include <ctype.h>
 
-#include "global.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
 #include "stream.h"
 #include "streams/socket.h"
 #include "netops.h"
@@ -152,9 +152,7 @@ int git_mbedtls_stream_global_init(void)
 	if (!loaded && crtpath != NULL && stat(crtpath, &statbuf) == 0 && S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode))
 		loaded = (git_mbedtls__set_cert_location(crtpath, 1) == 0);
 
-	git__on_shutdown(shutdown_ssl);
-
-	return 0;
+	return git_runtime_shutdown_register(shutdown_ssl);
 
 cleanup:
 	mbedtls_ctr_drbg_free(ctr_drbg);
@@ -183,8 +181,8 @@ static int ssl_set_error(mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl, int error)
 	char errbuf[512];
 	int ret = -1;
 
-	assert(error != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ);
-	assert(error != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE);
+	GIT_ASSERT(error != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ);
+	GIT_ASSERT(error != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE);
 
 	if (error != 0)
 		mbedtls_strerror( error, errbuf, 512 );
@@ -425,7 +423,9 @@ int git_mbedtls_stream_new(
 	git_stream *stream;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && host && port);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(host);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(port);
 
 	if ((error = git_socket_stream_new(&stream, host, port)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ int git_mbedtls__set_cert_location(const char *path, int is_dir)
 	char errbuf[512];
 	mbedtls_x509_crt *cacert;
 
-	assert(path != NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	cacert = git__malloc(sizeof(mbedtls_x509_crt));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(cacert);
diff --git a/src/streams/openssl.c b/src/streams/openssl.c
index 98a3635..89c9678 100644
--- a/src/streams/openssl.c
+++ b/src/streams/openssl.c
@@ -6,12 +6,16 @@
  */
 
 #include "streams/openssl.h"
+#include "streams/openssl_legacy.h"
+#include "streams/openssl_dynamic.h"
 
 #ifdef GIT_OPENSSL
 
 #include <ctype.h>
 
-#include "global.h"
+#include "common.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
+#include "settings.h"
 #include "posix.h"
 #include "stream.h"
 #include "streams/socket.h"
@@ -25,191 +29,107 @@
 # include <netinet/in.h>
 #endif
 
-#include <openssl/ssl.h>
-#include <openssl/err.h>
-#include <openssl/x509v3.h>
-#include <openssl/bio.h>
-
-#ifdef VALGRIND
-# include <valgrind/memcheck.h>
+#ifndef GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC
+# include <openssl/ssl.h>
+# include <openssl/err.h>
+# include <openssl/x509v3.h>
+# include <openssl/bio.h>
 #endif
 
 SSL_CTX *git__ssl_ctx;
 
 #define GIT_SSL_DEFAULT_CIPHERS "ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-DSS-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA"
 
-#if (defined(OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER) && OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L) || \
-     (defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER) && LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x20700000L)
-# define OPENSSL_LEGACY_API
-#endif
 
-/*
- * OpenSSL 1.1 made BIO opaque so we have to use functions to interact with it
- * which do not exist in previous versions. We define these inline functions so
- * we can program against the interface instead of littering the implementation
- * with ifdefs. We do the same for OPENSSL_init_ssl.
- */
-#if defined(OPENSSL_LEGACY_API)
-static int OPENSSL_init_ssl(int opts, void *settings)
-{
-	GIT_UNUSED(opts);
-	GIT_UNUSED(settings);
-	SSL_load_error_strings();
-	OpenSSL_add_ssl_algorithms();
-	return 0;
-}
+static BIO_METHOD *git_stream_bio_method;
+static int init_bio_method(void);
 
-static BIO_METHOD* BIO_meth_new(int type, const char *name)
+/**
+ * This function aims to clean-up the SSL context which
+ * we allocated.
+ */
+static void shutdown_ssl(void)
 {
-	BIO_METHOD *meth = git__calloc(1, sizeof(BIO_METHOD));
-	if (!meth) {
-		return NULL;
+	if (git_stream_bio_method) {
+		BIO_meth_free(git_stream_bio_method);
+		git_stream_bio_method = NULL;
 	}
 
-	meth->type = type;
-	meth->name = name;
-
-	return meth;
-}
-
-static void BIO_meth_free(BIO_METHOD *biom)
-{
-	git__free(biom);
-}
-
-static int BIO_meth_set_write(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*write) (BIO *, const char *, int))
-{
-	biom->bwrite = write;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int BIO_meth_set_read(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*read) (BIO *, char *, int))
-{
-	biom->bread = read;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int BIO_meth_set_puts(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*puts) (BIO *, const char *))
-{
-	biom->bputs = puts;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int BIO_meth_set_gets(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*gets) (BIO *, char *, int))
-
-{
-	biom->bgets = gets;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int BIO_meth_set_ctrl(BIO_METHOD *biom, long (*ctrl) (BIO *, int, long, void *))
-{
-	biom->ctrl = ctrl;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int BIO_meth_set_create(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*create) (BIO *))
-{
-	biom->create = create;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int BIO_meth_set_destroy(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*destroy) (BIO *))
-{
-	biom->destroy = destroy;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int BIO_get_new_index(void)
-{
-	/* This exists as of 1.1 so before we'd just have 0 */
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void BIO_set_init(BIO *b, int init)
-{
-	b->init = init;
+	if (git__ssl_ctx) {
+		SSL_CTX_free(git__ssl_ctx);
+		git__ssl_ctx = NULL;
+	}
 }
 
-static void BIO_set_data(BIO *a, void *ptr)
-{
-	a->ptr = ptr;
-}
+#ifdef VALGRIND
+# if !defined(GIT_OPENSSL_LEGACY) && !defined(GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC)
 
-static void *BIO_get_data(BIO *a)
+static void *git_openssl_malloc(size_t bytes, const char *file, int line)
 {
-	return a->ptr;
+	GIT_UNUSED(file);
+	GIT_UNUSED(line);
+	return git__calloc(1, bytes);
 }
-
-static const unsigned char *ASN1_STRING_get0_data(const ASN1_STRING *x)
+ 
+static void *git_openssl_realloc(void *mem, size_t size, const char *file, int line)
 {
-	return ASN1_STRING_data((ASN1_STRING *)x);
+	GIT_UNUSED(file);
+	GIT_UNUSED(line);
+	return git__realloc(mem, size);
 }
-
-# if defined(GIT_THREADS)
-static git_mutex *openssl_locks;
-
-static void openssl_locking_function(
-	int mode, int n, const char *file, int line)
+ 
+static void git_openssl_free(void *mem, const char *file, int line)
 {
-	int lock;
-
 	GIT_UNUSED(file);
 	GIT_UNUSED(line);
-
-	lock = mode & CRYPTO_LOCK;
-
-	if (lock) {
-		git_mutex_lock(&openssl_locks[n]);
-	} else {
-		git_mutex_unlock(&openssl_locks[n]);
-	}
+	git__free(mem);
 }
-
-static void shutdown_ssl_locking(void)
+# else /* !GIT_OPENSSL_LEGACY && !GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC */
+static void *git_openssl_malloc(size_t bytes)
 {
-	int num_locks, i;
-
-	num_locks = CRYPTO_num_locks();
-	CRYPTO_set_locking_callback(NULL);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < num_locks; ++i)
-		git_mutex_free(&openssl_locks[i]);
-	git__free(openssl_locks);
+	return git__calloc(1, bytes);
 }
-# endif /* GIT_THREADS */
-#endif /* OPENSSL_LEGACY_API */
 
-static BIO_METHOD *git_stream_bio_method;
-static int init_bio_method(void);
-
-/**
- * This function aims to clean-up the SSL context which
- * we allocated.
- */
-static void shutdown_ssl(void)
+static void *git_openssl_realloc(void *mem, size_t size)
 {
-	if (git_stream_bio_method) {
-		BIO_meth_free(git_stream_bio_method);
-		git_stream_bio_method = NULL;
-	}
+	return git__realloc(mem, size);
+}
 
-	if (git__ssl_ctx) {
-		SSL_CTX_free(git__ssl_ctx);
-		git__ssl_ctx = NULL;
-	}
+static void git_openssl_free(void *mem)
+{
+	git__free(mem);
 }
+# endif /* !GIT_OPENSSL_LEGACY && !GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC */
+#endif /* VALGRIND */
 
-int git_openssl_stream_global_init(void)
+static int openssl_init(void)
 {
 	long ssl_opts = SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2 | SSL_OP_NO_SSLv3;
 	const char *ciphers = git_libgit2__ssl_ciphers();
+#ifdef VALGRIND
+	static bool allocators_initialized = false;
+#endif
 
 	/* Older OpenSSL and MacOS OpenSSL doesn't have this */
 #ifdef SSL_OP_NO_COMPRESSION
 	ssl_opts |= SSL_OP_NO_COMPRESSION;
 #endif
 
+#ifdef VALGRIND
+	/*
+	 * Swap in our own allocator functions that initialize
+	 * allocated memory to avoid spurious valgrind warnings.
+	 * Don't error on failure; many builds of OpenSSL do not
+	 * allow you to set these functions.
+	 */
+	if (!allocators_initialized) {
+	    CRYPTO_set_mem_functions(git_openssl_malloc,
+				     git_openssl_realloc,
+				     git_openssl_free);
+		allocators_initialized = true;
+	}
+#endif
+
 	OPENSSL_init_ssl(0, NULL);
 
 	/*
@@ -236,9 +156,7 @@ int git_openssl_stream_global_init(void)
 	if (init_bio_method() < 0)
 		goto error;
 
-	git__on_shutdown(shutdown_ssl);
-
-	return 0;
+	return git_runtime_shutdown_register(shutdown_ssl);
 
 error:
 	git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_NET, "could not initialize openssl: %s",
@@ -248,42 +166,60 @@ error:
 	return -1;
 }
 
-#if defined(GIT_THREADS) && defined(OPENSSL_LEGACY_API)
-static void threadid_cb(CRYPTO_THREADID *threadid)
+/*
+ * When we use dynamic loading, we defer OpenSSL initialization until
+ * it's first used.  `openssl_ensure_initialized` will do the work
+ * under a mutex.
+ */
+git_mutex openssl_mutex;
+bool openssl_initialized;
+
+int git_openssl_stream_global_init(void)
 {
-	GIT_UNUSED(threadid);
-	CRYPTO_THREADID_set_numeric(threadid, git_thread_currentid());
-}
+#ifndef GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC
+	return openssl_init();
+#else
+	if (git_mutex_init(&openssl_mutex) != 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
 #endif
+}
 
-int git_openssl_set_locking(void)
+static int openssl_ensure_initialized(void)
 {
-#if defined(GIT_THREADS) && defined(OPENSSL_LEGACY_API)
-	int num_locks, i;
+#ifdef GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC
+	int error = 0;
 
-	CRYPTO_THREADID_set_callback(threadid_cb);
+	if (git_mutex_lock(&openssl_mutex) != 0)
+		return -1;
 
-	num_locks = CRYPTO_num_locks();
-	openssl_locks = git__calloc(num_locks, sizeof(git_mutex));
-	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(openssl_locks);
+	if (!openssl_initialized) {
+		if ((error = git_openssl_stream_dynamic_init()) == 0)
+			error = openssl_init();
 
-	for (i = 0; i < num_locks; i++) {
-		if (git_mutex_init(&openssl_locks[i]) != 0) {
-			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SSL, "failed to initialize openssl locks");
-			return -1;
-		}
+		openssl_initialized = true;
 	}
 
-	CRYPTO_set_locking_callback(openssl_locking_function);
-	git__on_shutdown(shutdown_ssl_locking);
+	error |= git_mutex_unlock(&openssl_mutex);
+	return error;
+
+#else
 	return 0;
-#elif !defined(OPENSSL_LEGACY_API)
+#endif
+}
+
+#if !defined(GIT_OPENSSL_LEGACY) && !defined(GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC)
+int git_openssl_set_locking(void)
+{
+# ifdef GIT_THREADS
 	return 0;
-#else
+# else
 	git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_THREAD, "libgit2 was not built with threads");
 	return -1;
-#endif
+# endif
 }
+#endif
 
 
 static int bio_create(BIO *b)
@@ -314,11 +250,6 @@ static int bio_read(BIO *b, char *buf, int len)
 static int bio_write(BIO *b, const char *buf, int len)
 {
 	git_stream *io = (git_stream *) BIO_get_data(b);
-
-#ifdef VALGRIND
-	VALGRIND_MAKE_MEM_DEFINED(buf, len);
-#endif
-
 	return (int) git_stream_write(io, buf, len, 0);
 }
 
@@ -371,8 +302,8 @@ static int ssl_set_error(SSL *ssl, int error)
 
 	err = SSL_get_error(ssl, error);
 
-	assert(err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ);
-	assert(err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE);
+	GIT_ASSERT(err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ);
+	GIT_ASSERT(err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE);
 
 	switch (err) {
 	case SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT:
@@ -595,10 +526,6 @@ static int openssl_connect(git_stream *stream)
 	BIO_set_data(bio, st->io);
 	SSL_set_bio(st->ssl, bio, bio);
 
-#ifdef VALGRIND
-	VALGRIND_MAKE_MEM_DEFINED(st->ssl, sizeof(SSL));
-#endif
-
 	/* specify the host in case SNI is needed */
 #ifdef SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_HOSTNAME
 	SSL_set_tlsext_host_name(st->ssl, st->host);
@@ -609,25 +536,22 @@ static int openssl_connect(git_stream *stream)
 
 	st->connected = true;
 
-#ifdef VALGRIND
-	VALGRIND_MAKE_MEM_DEFINED(st->ssl, sizeof(SSL));
-#endif
-
 	return verify_server_cert(st->ssl, st->host);
 }
 
 static int openssl_certificate(git_cert **out, git_stream *stream)
 {
 	openssl_stream *st = (openssl_stream *) stream;
-	int len;
 	X509 *cert = SSL_get_peer_certificate(st->ssl);
-	unsigned char *guard, *encoded_cert;
+	unsigned char *guard, *encoded_cert = NULL;
+	int error, len;
 
 	/* Retrieve the length of the certificate first */
 	len = i2d_X509(cert, NULL);
 	if (len < 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_NET, "failed to retrieve certificate information");
-		return -1;
+		error = -1;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	encoded_cert = git__malloc(len);
@@ -637,18 +561,23 @@ static int openssl_certificate(git_cert **out, git_stream *stream)
 
 	len = i2d_X509(cert, &guard);
 	if (len < 0) {
-		git__free(encoded_cert);
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_NET, "failed to retrieve certificate information");
-		return -1;
+		error = -1;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	st->cert_info.parent.cert_type = GIT_CERT_X509;
 	st->cert_info.data = encoded_cert;
 	st->cert_info.len = len;
+	encoded_cert = NULL;
 
 	*out = &st->cert_info.parent;
+	error = 0;
 
-	return 0;
+out:
+	git__free(encoded_cert);
+	X509_free(cert);
+	return error;
 }
 
 static int openssl_set_proxy(git_stream *stream, const git_proxy_options *proxy_opts)
@@ -679,10 +608,6 @@ static ssize_t openssl_read(git_stream *stream, void *data, size_t len)
 	if ((ret = SSL_read(st->ssl, data, len)) <= 0)
 		return ssl_set_error(st->ssl, ret);
 
-#ifdef VALGRIND
-	VALGRIND_MAKE_MEM_DEFINED(data, ret);
-#endif
-
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -720,7 +645,9 @@ static int openssl_stream_wrap(
 {
 	openssl_stream *st;
 
-	assert(out && in && host);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(in);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(host);
 
 	st = git__calloc(1, sizeof(openssl_stream));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(st);
@@ -755,6 +682,9 @@ static int openssl_stream_wrap(
 
 int git_openssl_stream_wrap(git_stream **out, git_stream *in, const char *host)
 {
+	if (openssl_ensure_initialized() < 0)
+		return -1;
+
 	return openssl_stream_wrap(out, in, host, 0);
 }
 
@@ -763,7 +693,12 @@ int git_openssl_stream_new(git_stream **out, const char *host, const char *port)
 	git_stream *stream = NULL;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && host && port);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(host);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(port);
+
+	if (openssl_ensure_initialized() < 0)
+		return -1;
 
 	if ((error = git_socket_stream_new(&stream, host, port)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -778,6 +713,9 @@ int git_openssl_stream_new(git_stream **out, const char *host, const char *port)
 
 int git_openssl__set_cert_location(const char *file, const char *path)
 {
+	if (openssl_ensure_initialized() < 0)
+		return -1;
+
 	if (SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(git__ssl_ctx, file, path) == 0) {
 		char errmsg[256];
 
diff --git a/src/streams/openssl.h b/src/streams/openssl.h
index 826d1ef..89fb60a 100644
--- a/src/streams/openssl.h
+++ b/src/streams/openssl.h
@@ -8,14 +8,22 @@
 #define INCLUDE_streams_openssl_h__
 
 #include "common.h"
+#include "streams/openssl_legacy.h"
+#include "streams/openssl_dynamic.h"
 
 #include "git2/sys/stream.h"
 
 extern int git_openssl_stream_global_init(void);
 
+#if defined(GIT_OPENSSL) && !defined(GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC)
+# include <openssl/ssl.h>
+# include <openssl/err.h>
+# include <openssl/x509v3.h>
+# include <openssl/bio.h>
+# endif
+
 #ifdef GIT_OPENSSL
 extern int git_openssl__set_cert_location(const char *file, const char *path);
-
 extern int git_openssl_stream_new(git_stream **out, const char *host, const char *port);
 extern int git_openssl_stream_wrap(git_stream **out, git_stream *in, const char *host);
 #endif
diff --git a/src/streams/openssl_dynamic.c b/src/streams/openssl_dynamic.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da16b6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/streams/openssl_dynamic.c
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include "streams/openssl.h"
+#include "streams/openssl_dynamic.h"
+
+#if defined(GIT_OPENSSL) && defined(GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC)
+
+#include "runtime.h"
+
+#include <dlfcn.h>
+
+unsigned char *(*ASN1_STRING_data)(ASN1_STRING *x);
+const unsigned char *(*ASN1_STRING_get0_data)(const ASN1_STRING *x);
+int (*ASN1_STRING_length)(const ASN1_STRING *x);
+int (*ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8)(unsigned char **out, const ASN1_STRING *in);
+int (*ASN1_STRING_type)(const ASN1_STRING *x);
+
+void *(*BIO_get_data)(BIO *a);
+int (*BIO_get_new_index)(void);
+int (*OPENSSL_init_ssl)(uint64_t opts, const void *settings);
+void (*BIO_meth_free)(BIO_METHOD *biom);
+int (*BIO_meth_set_create)(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*create) (BIO *));
+int (*BIO_meth_set_ctrl)(BIO_METHOD *biom, long (*ctrl) (BIO *, int, long, void *));
+int (*BIO_meth_set_destroy)(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*destroy) (BIO *));
+int (*BIO_meth_set_gets)(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*gets) (BIO *, char *, int));
+int (*BIO_meth_set_puts)(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*puts) (BIO *, const char *));
+int (*BIO_meth_set_read)(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*read) (BIO *, char *, int));
+int (*BIO_meth_set_write)(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*write) (BIO *, const char *, int));
+BIO_METHOD *(*BIO_meth_new)(int type, const char *name);
+BIO *(*BIO_new)(const BIO_METHOD *type);
+void (*BIO_set_data)(BIO *a, void *ptr);
+void (*BIO_set_init)(BIO *a, int init);
+
+void (*CRYPTO_free)(void *ptr, const char *file, int line);
+void *(*CRYPTO_malloc)(size_t num, const char *file, int line);
+int (*CRYPTO_num_locks)(void);
+void (*CRYPTO_set_locking_callback)(void (*func)(int mode, int type, const char *file, int line));
+int (*CRYPTO_set_mem_functions)(void *(*m)(size_t bytes), void *(*r)(void *mem, size_t size), void (*f)(void *mem));
+int (*CRYPTO_THREADID_set_callback)(void (*func)(CRYPTO_THREADID *id));
+void (*CRYPTO_THREADID_set_numeric)(CRYPTO_THREADID *id, unsigned long val);
+
+char *(*ERR_error_string)(unsigned long e, char *buf);
+void (*ERR_error_string_n)(unsigned long e, char *buf, size_t len);
+unsigned long (*ERR_get_error)(void);
+
+int (*SSL_connect)(SSL *ssl);
+long (*SSL_ctrl)(SSL *ssl, int cmd, long arg, void *parg);
+void (*SSL_free)(SSL *ssl);
+int (*SSL_get_error)(SSL *ssl, int ret);
+X509 *(*SSL_get_peer_certificate)(const SSL *ssl);
+long (*SSL_get_verify_result)(const SSL *ssl);
+int (*SSL_library_init)(void);
+void (*SSL_load_error_strings)(void);
+SSL *(*SSL_new)(SSL_CTX *ctx);
+int (*SSL_read)(SSL *ssl, const void *buf, int num);
+void (*SSL_set_bio)(SSL *ssl, BIO *rbio, BIO *wbio);
+int (*SSL_shutdown)(SSL *ssl);
+int (*SSL_write)(SSL *ssl, const void *buf, int num);
+
+long (*SSL_CTX_ctrl)(SSL_CTX *ctx, int cmd, long larg, void *parg);
+void (*SSL_CTX_free)(SSL_CTX *ctx);
+SSL_CTX *(*SSL_CTX_new)(const SSL_METHOD *method);
+int (*SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list)(SSL_CTX *ctx, const char *str);
+int (*SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths)(SSL_CTX *ctx);
+long (*SSL_CTX_set_options)(SSL_CTX *ctx, long options);
+void (*SSL_CTX_set_verify)(SSL_CTX *ctx, int mode, int (*verify_callback)(int, X509_STORE_CTX *));
+int (*SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations)(SSL_CTX *ctx, const char *CAfile, const char *CApath);
+
+const SSL_METHOD *(*SSLv23_method)(void);
+const SSL_METHOD *(*TLS_method)(void);
+
+ASN1_STRING *(*X509_NAME_ENTRY_get_data)(const X509_NAME_ENTRY *ne);
+X509_NAME_ENTRY *(*X509_NAME_get_entry)(X509_NAME *name, int loc);
+int (*X509_NAME_get_index_by_NID)(X509_NAME *name, int nid, int lastpos);
+void (*X509_free)(X509 *a);
+void *(*X509_get_ext_d2i)(const X509 *x, int nid, int *crit, int *idx);
+X509_NAME *(*X509_get_subject_name)(const X509 *x);
+
+int (*i2d_X509)(X509 *a, unsigned char **ppout);
+
+int (*OPENSSL_sk_num)(const void *sk);
+void *(*OPENSSL_sk_value)(const void *sk, int i);
+void (*OPENSSL_sk_free)(void *sk);
+
+int (*sk_num)(const void *sk);
+void *(*sk_value)(const void *sk, int i);
+void (*sk_free)(void *sk);
+
+void *openssl_handle;
+
+GIT_INLINE(void *) openssl_sym(int *err, const char *name, bool required)
+{
+	void *symbol;
+
+	/* if we've seen an err, noop to retain it */
+	if (*err)
+		return NULL;
+
+
+	if ((symbol = dlsym(openssl_handle, name)) == NULL && required) {
+		const char *msg = dlerror();
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SSL, "could not load ssl function '%s': %s", name, msg ? msg : "unknown error");
+		*err = -1;
+	}
+
+	return symbol;
+}
+
+static void dynamic_shutdown(void)
+{
+	dlclose(openssl_handle);
+	openssl_handle = NULL;
+}
+
+int git_openssl_stream_dynamic_init(void)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if ((openssl_handle = dlopen("libssl.so.1.1", RTLD_NOW)) == NULL &&
+	    (openssl_handle = dlopen("libssl.1.1.dylib", RTLD_NOW)) == NULL &&
+	    (openssl_handle = dlopen("libssl.so.1.0.0", RTLD_NOW)) == NULL &&
+	    (openssl_handle = dlopen("libssl.1.0.0.dylib", RTLD_NOW)) == NULL &&
+	    (openssl_handle = dlopen("libssl.so.10", RTLD_NOW)) == NULL) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SSL, "could not load ssl libraries");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	ASN1_STRING_data = (unsigned char *(*)(ASN1_STRING *x))openssl_sym(&err, "ASN1_STRING_data", false);
+	ASN1_STRING_get0_data = (const unsigned char *(*)(const ASN1_STRING *x))openssl_sym(&err, "ASN1_STRING_get0_data", false);
+	ASN1_STRING_length = (int (*)(const ASN1_STRING *))openssl_sym(&err, "ASN1_STRING_length", true);
+	ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8 = (int (*)(unsigned char **, const ASN1_STRING *))openssl_sym(&err, "ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8", true);
+	ASN1_STRING_type = (int (*)(const ASN1_STRING *))openssl_sym(&err, "ASN1_STRING_type", true);
+
+	BIO_get_data = (void *(*)(BIO *))openssl_sym(&err, "BIO_get_data", false);
+	BIO_get_new_index = (int (*)(void))openssl_sym(&err, "BIO_get_new_index", false);
+	BIO_meth_free = (void (*)(BIO_METHOD *))openssl_sym(&err, "BIO_meth_free", false);
+	BIO_meth_new = (BIO_METHOD *(*)(int, const char *))openssl_sym(&err, "BIO_meth_new", false);
+	BIO_meth_set_create = (int (*)(BIO_METHOD *, int (*)(BIO *)))openssl_sym(&err, "BIO_meth_set_create", false);
+	BIO_meth_set_ctrl = (int (*)(BIO_METHOD *, long (*)(BIO *, int, long, void *)))openssl_sym(&err, "BIO_meth_set_ctrl", false);
+	BIO_meth_set_destroy = (int (*)(BIO_METHOD *, int (*)(BIO *)))openssl_sym(&err, "BIO_meth_set_destroy", false);
+	BIO_meth_set_gets = (int (*)(BIO_METHOD *, int (*)(BIO *, char *, int)))openssl_sym(&err, "BIO_meth_set_gets", false);
+	BIO_meth_set_puts = (int (*)(BIO_METHOD *, int (*)(BIO *, const char *)))openssl_sym(&err, "BIO_meth_set_puts", false);
+	BIO_meth_set_read = (int (*)(BIO_METHOD *, int (*)(BIO *, char *, int)))openssl_sym(&err, "BIO_meth_set_read", false);
+	BIO_meth_set_write = (int (*)(BIO_METHOD *, int (*)(BIO *, const char *, int)))openssl_sym(&err, "BIO_meth_set_write", false);
+	BIO_new = (BIO *(*)(const BIO_METHOD *))openssl_sym(&err, "BIO_new", true);
+	BIO_set_data = (void (*)(BIO *a, void *))openssl_sym(&err, "BIO_set_data", false);
+	BIO_set_init = (void (*)(BIO *a, int))openssl_sym(&err, "BIO_set_init", false);
+
+	CRYPTO_free = (void (*)(void *, const char *, int))openssl_sym(&err, "CRYPTO_free", true);
+	CRYPTO_malloc = (void *(*)(size_t, const char *, int))openssl_sym(&err, "CRYPTO_malloc", true);
+	CRYPTO_num_locks = (int (*)(void))openssl_sym(&err, "CRYPTO_num_locks", false);
+	CRYPTO_set_locking_callback = (void (*)(void (*)(int, int, const char *, int)))openssl_sym(&err, "CRYPTO_set_locking_callback", false);
+	CRYPTO_set_mem_functions = (int (*)(void *(*)(size_t), void *(*)(void *, size_t), void (*f)(void *)))openssl_sym(&err, "CRYPTO_set_mem_functions", true);
+
+	CRYPTO_THREADID_set_callback = (int (*)(void (*)(CRYPTO_THREADID *)))openssl_sym(&err, "CRYPTO_THREADID_set_callback", false);
+	CRYPTO_THREADID_set_numeric = (void (*)(CRYPTO_THREADID *, unsigned long))openssl_sym(&err, "CRYPTO_THREADID_set_numeric", false);
+
+	ERR_error_string = (char *(*)(unsigned long, char *))openssl_sym(&err, "ERR_error_string", true);
+	ERR_error_string_n = (void (*)(unsigned long, char *, size_t))openssl_sym(&err, "ERR_error_string_n", true);
+	ERR_get_error = (unsigned long (*)(void))openssl_sym(&err, "ERR_get_error", true);
+
+	OPENSSL_init_ssl = (int (*)(uint64_t opts, const void *settings))openssl_sym(&err, "OPENSSL_init_ssl", false);
+	OPENSSL_sk_num = (int (*)(const void *))openssl_sym(&err, "OPENSSL_sk_num", false);
+	OPENSSL_sk_value = (void *(*)(const void *sk, int i))openssl_sym(&err, "OPENSSL_sk_value", false);
+	OPENSSL_sk_free = (void (*)(void *))openssl_sym(&err, "OPENSSL_sk_free", false);
+
+	sk_num = (int (*)(const void *))openssl_sym(&err, "sk_num", false);
+	sk_value = (void *(*)(const void *sk, int i))openssl_sym(&err, "sk_value", false);
+	sk_free = (void (*)(void *))openssl_sym(&err, "sk_free", false);
+
+	SSL_connect = (int (*)(SSL *))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_connect", true);
+	SSL_ctrl = (long (*)(SSL *, int, long, void *))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_ctrl", true);
+	SSL_get_peer_certificate = (X509 *(*)(const SSL *))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_get_peer_certificate", true);
+	SSL_library_init = (int (*)(void))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_library_init", false);
+	SSL_free = (void (*)(SSL *))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_free", true);
+	SSL_get_error = (int (*)(SSL *, int))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_get_error", true);
+	SSL_get_verify_result = (long (*)(const SSL *ssl))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_get_verify_result", true);
+	SSL_load_error_strings = (void (*)(void))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_load_error_strings", false);
+	SSL_new = (SSL *(*)(SSL_CTX *))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_new", true);
+	SSL_read = (int (*)(SSL *, const void *, int))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_read", true);
+	SSL_set_bio = (void (*)(SSL *, BIO *, BIO *))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_set_bio", true);
+	SSL_shutdown = (int (*)(SSL *ssl))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_shutdown", true);
+	SSL_write = (int (*)(SSL *, const void *, int))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_write", true);
+
+	SSL_CTX_ctrl = (long (*)(SSL_CTX *, int, long, void *))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_CTX_ctrl", true);
+	SSL_CTX_free = (void (*)(SSL_CTX *))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_CTX_free", true);
+	SSL_CTX_new = (SSL_CTX *(*)(const SSL_METHOD *))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_CTX_new", true);
+	SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list = (int (*)(SSL_CTX *, const char *))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list", true);
+	SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths = (int (*)(SSL_CTX *ctx))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths", true);
+	SSL_CTX_set_options = (long (*)(SSL_CTX *, long))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_CTX_set_options", false);
+	SSL_CTX_set_verify = (void (*)(SSL_CTX *, int, int (*)(int, X509_STORE_CTX *)))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_CTX_set_verify", true);
+	SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations = (int (*)(SSL_CTX *, const char *, const char *))openssl_sym(&err, "SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations", true);
+
+	SSLv23_method = (const SSL_METHOD *(*)(void))openssl_sym(&err, "SSLv23_method", false);
+	TLS_method = (const SSL_METHOD *(*)(void))openssl_sym(&err, "TLS_method", false);
+
+	X509_NAME_ENTRY_get_data = (ASN1_STRING *(*)(const X509_NAME_ENTRY *))openssl_sym(&err, "X509_NAME_ENTRY_get_data", true);
+	X509_NAME_get_entry = (X509_NAME_ENTRY *(*)(X509_NAME *, int))openssl_sym(&err, "X509_NAME_get_entry", true);
+	X509_NAME_get_index_by_NID = (int (*)(X509_NAME *, int, int))openssl_sym(&err, "X509_NAME_get_index_by_NID", true);
+	X509_free = (void (*)(X509 *))openssl_sym(&err, "X509_free", true);
+	X509_get_ext_d2i = (void *(*)(const X509 *x, int nid, int *crit, int *idx))openssl_sym(&err, "X509_get_ext_d2i", true);
+	X509_get_subject_name = (X509_NAME *(*)(const X509 *))openssl_sym(&err, "X509_get_subject_name", true);
+
+	i2d_X509 = (int (*)(X509 *a, unsigned char **ppout))openssl_sym(&err, "i2d_X509", true);
+
+	if (err)
+		goto on_error;
+
+	/* Add legacy functionality */
+	if (!OPENSSL_init_ssl) {
+		OPENSSL_init_ssl = OPENSSL_init_ssl__legacy;
+
+		if (!SSL_library_init ||
+		    !SSL_load_error_strings ||
+		    !CRYPTO_num_locks ||
+		    !CRYPTO_set_locking_callback ||
+		    !CRYPTO_THREADID_set_callback ||
+		    !CRYPTO_THREADID_set_numeric) {
+			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SSL, "could not load legacy openssl initialization functions");
+			goto on_error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!SSL_CTX_set_options)
+		SSL_CTX_set_options = SSL_CTX_set_options__legacy;
+
+	if (TLS_method)
+		SSLv23_method = TLS_method;
+
+	if (!BIO_meth_new) {
+		BIO_meth_new = BIO_meth_new__legacy;
+		BIO_meth_new = BIO_meth_new__legacy;
+		BIO_meth_free = BIO_meth_free__legacy;
+		BIO_meth_set_write = BIO_meth_set_write__legacy;
+		BIO_meth_set_read = BIO_meth_set_read__legacy;
+		BIO_meth_set_puts = BIO_meth_set_puts__legacy;
+		BIO_meth_set_gets = BIO_meth_set_gets__legacy;
+		BIO_meth_set_ctrl = BIO_meth_set_ctrl__legacy;
+		BIO_meth_set_create = BIO_meth_set_create__legacy;
+		BIO_meth_set_destroy = BIO_meth_set_destroy__legacy;
+		BIO_get_new_index = BIO_get_new_index__legacy;
+		BIO_set_data = BIO_set_data__legacy;
+		BIO_set_init = BIO_set_init__legacy;
+		BIO_get_data = BIO_get_data__legacy;
+	}
+
+	if (!ASN1_STRING_get0_data) {
+		if (!ASN1_STRING_data) {
+			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SSL, "could not load legacy openssl string function");
+			goto on_error;
+		}
+
+		ASN1_STRING_get0_data = ASN1_STRING_get0_data__legacy;
+	}
+
+	if ((!OPENSSL_sk_num && !sk_num) ||
+	    (!OPENSSL_sk_value && !sk_value) ||
+	    (!OPENSSL_sk_free && !sk_free)) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SSL, "could not load legacy openssl stack functions");
+		goto on_error;
+	}
+
+	if (git_runtime_shutdown_register(dynamic_shutdown) != 0)
+		goto on_error;
+
+	return 0;
+
+on_error:
+	dlclose(openssl_handle);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+
+int sk_GENERAL_NAME_num(const GENERAL_NAME *sk)
+{
+	if (OPENSSL_sk_num)
+		return OPENSSL_sk_num(sk);
+	else if (sk_num)
+		return sk_num(sk);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL(false, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+GENERAL_NAME *sk_GENERAL_NAME_value(const GENERAL_NAME *sk, int i)
+{
+	if (OPENSSL_sk_value)
+		return OPENSSL_sk_value(sk, i);
+	else if (sk_value)
+		return sk_value(sk, i);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL(false, NULL);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void GENERAL_NAMES_free(GENERAL_NAME *sk)
+{
+	if (OPENSSL_sk_free)
+		OPENSSL_sk_free(sk);
+	else if (sk_free)
+		sk_free(sk);
+}
+
+#endif /* GIT_OPENSSL && GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC */
diff --git a/src/streams/openssl_dynamic.h b/src/streams/openssl_dynamic.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12d927a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/streams/openssl_dynamic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,348 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This package is an SSL implementation written
+ * by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com).
+ * The implementation was written so as to conform with Netscapes SSL.
+ *
+ * This library is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as
+ * the following conditions are aheared to.  The following conditions
+ * apply to all code found in this distribution, be it the RC4, RSA,
+ * lhash, DES, etc., code; not just the SSL code.  The SSL documentation
+ * included with this distribution is covered by the same copyright terms
+ * except that the holder is Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
+ *
+ * Copyright remains Eric Young's, and as such any Copyright notices in
+ * the code are not to be removed.
+ * If this package is used in a product, Eric Young should be given attribution
+ * as the author of the parts of the library used.
+ * This can be in the form of a textual message at program startup or
+ * in documentation (online or textual) provided with the package.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+ *    must display the following acknowledgement:
+ *    "This product includes cryptographic software written by
+ *     Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)"
+ *    The word 'cryptographic' can be left out if the rouines from the library
+ *    being used are not cryptographic related :-).
+ * 4. If you include any Windows specific code (or a derivative thereof) from
+ *    the apps directory (application code) you must include an acknowledgement:
+ *    "This product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com)"
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ERIC YOUNG ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * The licence and distribution terms for any publically available version or
+ * derivative of this code cannot be changed.  i.e. this code cannot simply be
+ * copied and put under another distribution licence
+ * [including the GNU Public Licence.]
+ */
+/* ====================================================================
+ * Copyright (c) 1998-2007 The OpenSSL Project.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ *    distribution.
+ *
+ * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
+ *    software must display the following acknowledgment:
+ *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
+ *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/)"
+ *
+ * 4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to
+ *    endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+ *    prior written permission. For written permission, please contact
+ *    openssl-core@openssl.org.
+ *
+ * 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL"
+ *    nor may "OpenSSL" appear in their names without prior written
+ *    permission of the OpenSSL Project.
+ *
+ * 6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
+ *    acknowledgment:
+ *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
+ *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.openssl.org/)"
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
+ * EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+ * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR
+ * ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+ * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+ * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
+ * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young
+ * (eay@cryptsoft.com).  This product includes software written by Tim
+ * Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
+ *
+ */
+/* ====================================================================
+ * Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
+ * ECC cipher suite support in OpenSSL originally developed by
+ * SUN MICROSYSTEMS, INC., and contributed to the OpenSSL project.
+ */
+/* ====================================================================
+ * Copyright 2005 Nokia. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * The portions of the attached software ("Contribution") is developed by
+ * Nokia Corporation and is licensed pursuant to the OpenSSL open source
+ * license.
+ *
+ * The Contribution, originally written by Mika Kousa and Pasi Eronen of
+ * Nokia Corporation, consists of the "PSK" (Pre-Shared Key) ciphersuites
+ * support (see RFC 4279) to OpenSSL.
+ *
+ * No patent licenses or other rights except those expressly stated in
+ * the OpenSSL open source license shall be deemed granted or received
+ * expressly, by implication, estoppel, or otherwise.
+ *
+ * No assurances are provided by Nokia that the Contribution does not
+ * infringe the patent or other intellectual property rights of any third
+ * party or that the license provides you with all the necessary rights
+ * to make use of the Contribution.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. IN
+ * ADDITION TO THE DISCLAIMERS INCLUDED IN THE LICENSE, NOKIA
+ * SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY FOR CLAIMS BROUGHT BY YOU OR ANY
+ * OTHER ENTITY BASED ON INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OR
+ * OTHERWISE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef INCLUDE_streams_openssl_dynamic_h__
+#define INCLUDE_streams_openssl_dynamic_h__
+
+#ifdef GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC
+
+# define BIO_CTRL_FLUSH               11
+
+# define BIO_TYPE_SOURCE_SINK         0x0400
+
+# define CRYPTO_LOCK                  1
+
+# define GEN_DNS                      2
+# define GEN_IPADD                    7
+
+# define NID_commonName               13
+# define NID_subject_alt_name         85
+
+# define SSL_VERIFY_NONE              0x00
+
+# define SSL_CTRL_OPTIONS             32
+# define SSL_CTRL_MODE                33
+# define SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_HOSTNAME 55
+
+# define SSL_ERROR_NONE               0
+# define SSL_ERROR_SSL                1
+# define SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ          2
+# define SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE         3
+# define SSL_ERROR_WANT_X509_LOOKUP   4
+# define SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL            5
+# define SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN        6
+# define SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT       7
+# define SSL_ERROR_WANT_ACCEPT        8
+
+# define SSL_OP_NO_COMPRESSION        0x00020000L
+# define SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2              0x01000000L
+# define SSL_OP_NO_SSLv3              0x02000000L
+
+# define SSL_MODE_AUTO_RETRY          0x00000004L
+
+# define TLSEXT_NAMETYPE_host_name    0
+
+# define V_ASN1_UTF8STRING            12
+
+# define X509_V_OK 0
+
+/* Most of the OpenSSL types are mercifully opaque, so we can treat them like `void *` */
+typedef struct bio_st BIO;
+typedef struct bio_method_st BIO_METHOD;
+typedef void bio_info_cb;
+typedef void * CRYPTO_EX_DATA;
+typedef void CRYPTO_THREADID;
+typedef void GENERAL_NAMES;
+typedef void SSL;
+typedef void SSL_CTX;
+typedef void SSL_METHOD;
+typedef void X509;
+typedef void X509_NAME;
+typedef void X509_NAME_ENTRY;
+typedef void X509_STORE_CTX;
+
+typedef struct {
+    int length;
+    int type;
+    unsigned char *data;
+    long flags;
+} ASN1_STRING;
+
+typedef struct {
+    int type;
+    union {
+        char *ptr;
+        ASN1_STRING *ia5;
+    } d;
+} GENERAL_NAME;
+
+struct bio_st {
+    BIO_METHOD *method;
+    /* bio, mode, argp, argi, argl, ret */
+    long (*callback) (struct bio_st *, int, const char *, int, long, long);
+    char *cb_arg;               /* first argument for the callback */
+    int init;
+    int shutdown;
+    int flags;                  /* extra storage */
+    int retry_reason;
+    int num;
+    void *ptr;
+    struct bio_st *next_bio;    /* used by filter BIOs */
+    struct bio_st *prev_bio;    /* used by filter BIOs */
+    int references;
+    unsigned long num_read;
+    unsigned long num_write;
+    CRYPTO_EX_DATA ex_data;
+};
+
+struct bio_method_st {
+    int type;
+    const char *name;
+    int (*bwrite) (BIO *, const char *, int);
+    int (*bread) (BIO *, char *, int);
+    int (*bputs) (BIO *, const char *);
+    int (*bgets) (BIO *, char *, int);
+    long (*ctrl) (BIO *, int, long, void *);
+    int (*create) (BIO *);
+    int (*destroy) (BIO *);
+    long (*callback_ctrl) (BIO *, int, bio_info_cb *);
+};
+
+extern unsigned char *(*ASN1_STRING_data)(ASN1_STRING *x);
+extern const unsigned char *(*ASN1_STRING_get0_data)(const ASN1_STRING *x);
+extern int (*ASN1_STRING_length)(const ASN1_STRING *x);
+extern int (*ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8)(unsigned char **out, const ASN1_STRING *in);
+extern int (*ASN1_STRING_type)(const ASN1_STRING *x);
+
+extern void *(*BIO_get_data)(BIO *a);
+extern int (*BIO_get_new_index)(void);
+extern int (*OPENSSL_init_ssl)(uint64_t opts, const void *settings);
+extern void (*BIO_meth_free)(BIO_METHOD *biom);
+extern int (*BIO_meth_set_create)(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*create) (BIO *));
+extern int (*BIO_meth_set_ctrl)(BIO_METHOD *biom, long (*ctrl) (BIO *, int, long, void *));
+extern int (*BIO_meth_set_destroy)(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*destroy) (BIO *));
+extern int (*BIO_meth_set_gets)(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*gets) (BIO *, char *, int));
+extern int (*BIO_meth_set_puts)(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*puts) (BIO *, const char *));
+extern int (*BIO_meth_set_read)(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*read) (BIO *, char *, int));
+extern int (*BIO_meth_set_write)(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*write) (BIO *, const char *, int));
+extern BIO_METHOD *(*BIO_meth_new)(int type, const char *name);
+extern BIO *(*BIO_new)(const BIO_METHOD *type);
+extern void (*BIO_set_data)(BIO *a, void *ptr);
+extern void (*BIO_set_init)(BIO *a, int init);
+
+extern void (*CRYPTO_free)(void *ptr, const char *file, int line);
+extern void *(*CRYPTO_malloc)(size_t num, const char *file, int line);
+extern int (*CRYPTO_num_locks)(void);
+extern void (*CRYPTO_set_locking_callback)(void (*func)(int mode, int type, const char *file, int line));
+extern int (*CRYPTO_set_mem_functions)(void *(*m)(size_t bytes), void *(*r)(void *mem, size_t size), void (*f)(void *mem));
+extern int (*CRYPTO_THREADID_set_callback)(void (*func)(CRYPTO_THREADID *id));
+extern void (*CRYPTO_THREADID_set_numeric)(CRYPTO_THREADID *id, unsigned long val);
+
+extern char *(*ERR_error_string)(unsigned long e, char *buf);
+extern void (*ERR_error_string_n)(unsigned long e, char *buf, size_t len);
+extern unsigned long (*ERR_get_error)(void);
+
+# define OPENSSL_malloc(num) CRYPTO_malloc(num, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+# define OPENSSL_free(addr) CRYPTO_free(addr, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+
+extern int (*SSL_connect)(SSL *ssl);
+extern long (*SSL_ctrl)(SSL *ssl, int cmd, long arg, void *parg);
+extern void (*SSL_free)(SSL *ssl);
+extern int (*SSL_get_error)(SSL *ssl, int ret);
+extern X509 *(*SSL_get_peer_certificate)(const SSL *ssl);
+extern long (*SSL_get_verify_result)(const SSL *ssl);
+extern int (*SSL_library_init)(void);
+extern void (*SSL_load_error_strings)(void);
+extern SSL *(*SSL_new)(SSL_CTX *ctx);
+extern int (*SSL_read)(SSL *ssl, const void *buf, int num);
+extern void (*SSL_set_bio)(SSL *ssl, BIO *rbio, BIO *wbio);
+extern int (*SSL_shutdown)(SSL *ssl);
+extern int (*SSL_write)(SSL *ssl, const void *buf, int num);
+
+# define SSL_set_tlsext_host_name(s, name) SSL_ctrl((s), SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_HOSTNAME, TLSEXT_NAMETYPE_host_name, (char *)(name));
+
+extern long (*SSL_CTX_ctrl)(SSL_CTX *ctx, int cmd, long larg, void *parg);
+extern void (*SSL_CTX_free)(SSL_CTX *ctx);
+extern SSL_CTX *(*SSL_CTX_new)(const SSL_METHOD *method);
+extern int (*SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list)(SSL_CTX *ctx, const char *str);
+extern int (*SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths)(SSL_CTX *ctx);
+extern long (*SSL_CTX_set_options)(SSL_CTX *ctx, long options);
+extern void (*SSL_CTX_set_verify)(SSL_CTX *ctx, int mode, int (*verify_callback)(int, X509_STORE_CTX *));
+extern int (*SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations)(SSL_CTX *ctx, const char *CAfile, const char *CApath);
+
+# define SSL_CTX_set_mode(ctx, mode) SSL_CTX_ctrl((ctx), SSL_CTRL_MODE, (mode), NULL);
+
+extern const SSL_METHOD *(*SSLv23_method)(void);
+extern const SSL_METHOD *(*TLS_method)(void);
+
+extern ASN1_STRING *(*X509_NAME_ENTRY_get_data)(const X509_NAME_ENTRY *ne);
+extern X509_NAME_ENTRY *(*X509_NAME_get_entry)(X509_NAME *name, int loc);
+extern int (*X509_NAME_get_index_by_NID)(X509_NAME *name, int nid, int lastpos);
+extern void (*X509_free)(X509 *a);
+extern void *(*X509_get_ext_d2i)(const X509 *x, int nid, int *crit, int *idx);
+extern X509_NAME *(*X509_get_subject_name)(const X509 *x);
+
+extern int (*i2d_X509)(X509 *a, unsigned char **ppout);
+
+extern int (*OPENSSL_sk_num)(const void *sk);
+extern void *(*OPENSSL_sk_value)(const void *sk, int i);
+extern void (*OPENSSL_sk_free)(void *sk);
+
+extern int (*sk_num)(const void *sk);
+extern void *(*sk_value)(const void *sk, int i);
+extern void (*sk_free)(void *sk);
+
+extern int sk_GENERAL_NAME_num(const GENERAL_NAME *sk);
+extern GENERAL_NAME *sk_GENERAL_NAME_value(const GENERAL_NAME *sk, int i);
+extern void GENERAL_NAMES_free(GENERAL_NAME *sk);
+
+extern int git_openssl_stream_dynamic_init(void);
+
+#endif /* GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC */
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/streams/openssl_legacy.c b/src/streams/openssl_legacy.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c1ff60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/streams/openssl_legacy.c
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include "streams/openssl.h"
+#include "streams/openssl_legacy.h"
+
+#include "runtime.h"
+#include "git2/sys/openssl.h"
+
+#if defined(GIT_OPENSSL) && !defined(GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC)
+# include <openssl/ssl.h>
+# include <openssl/err.h>
+# include <openssl/x509v3.h>
+# include <openssl/bio.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined(GIT_OPENSSL_LEGACY) || defined(GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC)
+
+/*
+ * OpenSSL 1.1 made BIO opaque so we have to use functions to interact with it
+ * which do not exist in previous versions. We define these inline functions so
+ * we can program against the interface instead of littering the implementation
+ * with ifdefs. We do the same for OPENSSL_init_ssl.
+ */
+
+int OPENSSL_init_ssl__legacy(uint64_t opts, const void *settings)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(opts);
+	GIT_UNUSED(settings);
+	SSL_load_error_strings();
+	SSL_library_init();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+BIO_METHOD* BIO_meth_new__legacy(int type, const char *name)
+{
+	BIO_METHOD *meth = git__calloc(1, sizeof(BIO_METHOD));
+	if (!meth) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	meth->type = type;
+	meth->name = name;
+
+	return meth;
+}
+
+void BIO_meth_free__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom)
+{
+	git__free(biom);
+}
+
+int BIO_meth_set_write__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*write) (BIO *, const char *, int))
+{
+	biom->bwrite = write;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int BIO_meth_set_read__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*read) (BIO *, char *, int))
+{
+	biom->bread = read;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int BIO_meth_set_puts__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*puts) (BIO *, const char *))
+{
+	biom->bputs = puts;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int BIO_meth_set_gets__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*gets) (BIO *, char *, int))
+
+{
+	biom->bgets = gets;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int BIO_meth_set_ctrl__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom, long (*ctrl) (BIO *, int, long, void *))
+{
+	biom->ctrl = ctrl;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int BIO_meth_set_create__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*create) (BIO *))
+{
+	biom->create = create;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int BIO_meth_set_destroy__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*destroy) (BIO *))
+{
+	biom->destroy = destroy;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int BIO_get_new_index__legacy(void)
+{
+	/* This exists as of 1.1 so before we'd just have 0 */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void BIO_set_init__legacy(BIO *b, int init)
+{
+	b->init = init;
+}
+
+void BIO_set_data__legacy(BIO *a, void *ptr)
+{
+	a->ptr = ptr;
+}
+
+void *BIO_get_data__legacy(BIO *a)
+{
+	return a->ptr;
+}
+
+const unsigned char *ASN1_STRING_get0_data__legacy(const ASN1_STRING *x)
+{
+	return ASN1_STRING_data((ASN1_STRING *)x);
+}
+
+long SSL_CTX_set_options__legacy(SSL_CTX *ctx, long op)
+{
+	return SSL_CTX_ctrl(ctx, SSL_CTRL_OPTIONS, op, NULL);
+}
+
+# if defined(GIT_THREADS)
+static git_mutex *openssl_locks;
+
+static void openssl_locking_function(int mode, int n, const char *file, int line)
+{
+	int lock;
+
+	GIT_UNUSED(file);
+	GIT_UNUSED(line);
+
+	lock = mode & CRYPTO_LOCK;
+
+	if (lock)
+		(void)git_mutex_lock(&openssl_locks[n]);
+	else
+		git_mutex_unlock(&openssl_locks[n]);
+}
+
+static void shutdown_ssl_locking(void)
+{
+	int num_locks, i;
+
+	num_locks = CRYPTO_num_locks();
+	CRYPTO_set_locking_callback(NULL);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < num_locks; ++i)
+		git_mutex_free(&openssl_locks[i]);
+	git__free(openssl_locks);
+}
+
+static void threadid_cb(CRYPTO_THREADID *threadid)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(threadid);
+	CRYPTO_THREADID_set_numeric(threadid, git_thread_currentid());
+}
+
+int git_openssl_set_locking(void)
+{
+	int num_locks, i;
+
+#ifndef GIT_THREADS
+	git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_THREAD, "libgit2 was not built with threads");
+	return -1;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC
+	/*
+	 * This function is required on legacy versions of OpenSSL; when building
+	 * with dynamically-loaded OpenSSL, we detect whether we loaded it or not.
+	 */
+	if (!CRYPTO_set_locking_callback)
+		return 0;
+#endif
+
+	CRYPTO_THREADID_set_callback(threadid_cb);
+
+	num_locks = CRYPTO_num_locks();
+	openssl_locks = git__calloc(num_locks, sizeof(git_mutex));
+	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(openssl_locks);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < num_locks; i++) {
+		if (git_mutex_init(&openssl_locks[i]) != 0) {
+			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SSL, "failed to initialize openssl locks");
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	CRYPTO_set_locking_callback(openssl_locking_function);
+	return git_runtime_shutdown_register(shutdown_ssl_locking);
+}
+#endif /* GIT_THREADS */
+
+#endif /* GIT_OPENSSL_LEGACY || GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC */
diff --git a/src/streams/openssl_legacy.h b/src/streams/openssl_legacy.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f74fd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/streams/openssl_legacy.h
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+#ifndef INCLUDE_streams_openssl_legacy_h__
+#define INCLUDE_streams_openssl_legacy_h__
+
+#include "streams/openssl_dynamic.h"
+
+#if defined(GIT_OPENSSL) && !defined(GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC)
+# include <openssl/ssl.h>
+# include <openssl/err.h>
+# include <openssl/x509v3.h>
+# include <openssl/bio.h>
+
+# if (defined(OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER) && OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L) || \
+     (defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER) && LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x20700000L)
+#  define GIT_OPENSSL_LEGACY
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(GIT_OPENSSL_LEGACY) && !defined(GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC)
+# define OPENSSL_init_ssl OPENSSL_init_ssl__legacy
+# define BIO_meth_new BIO_meth_new__legacy
+# define BIO_meth_free BIO_meth_free__legacy
+# define BIO_meth_set_write BIO_meth_set_write__legacy
+# define BIO_meth_set_read BIO_meth_set_read__legacy
+# define BIO_meth_set_puts BIO_meth_set_puts__legacy
+# define BIO_meth_set_gets BIO_meth_set_gets__legacy
+# define BIO_meth_set_ctrl BIO_meth_set_ctrl__legacy
+# define BIO_meth_set_create BIO_meth_set_create__legacy
+# define BIO_meth_set_destroy BIO_meth_set_destroy__legacy
+# define BIO_get_new_index BIO_get_new_index__legacy
+# define BIO_set_data BIO_set_data__legacy
+# define BIO_set_init BIO_set_init__legacy
+# define BIO_get_data BIO_get_data__legacy
+# define ASN1_STRING_get0_data ASN1_STRING_get0_data__legacy
+#endif
+
+#if defined(GIT_OPENSSL_LEGACY) || defined(GIT_OPENSSL_DYNAMIC)
+
+extern int OPENSSL_init_ssl__legacy(uint64_t opts, const void *settings);
+extern BIO_METHOD* BIO_meth_new__legacy(int type, const char *name);
+extern void BIO_meth_free__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom);
+extern int BIO_meth_set_write__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*write) (BIO *, const char *, int));
+extern int BIO_meth_set_read__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*read) (BIO *, char *, int));
+extern int BIO_meth_set_puts__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*puts) (BIO *, const char *));
+extern int BIO_meth_set_gets__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*gets) (BIO *, char *, int));
+extern int BIO_meth_set_ctrl__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom, long (*ctrl) (BIO *, int, long, void *));
+extern int BIO_meth_set_create__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*create) (BIO *));
+extern int BIO_meth_set_destroy__legacy(BIO_METHOD *biom, int (*destroy) (BIO *));
+extern int BIO_get_new_index__legacy(void);
+extern void BIO_set_data__legacy(BIO *a, void *ptr);
+extern void BIO_set_init__legacy(BIO *b, int init);
+extern void *BIO_get_data__legacy(BIO *a);
+extern const unsigned char *ASN1_STRING_get0_data__legacy(const ASN1_STRING *x);
+extern long SSL_CTX_set_options__legacy(SSL_CTX *ctx, long op);
+
+#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/streams/registry.c b/src/streams/registry.c
index 3300320..e60e1cd 100644
--- a/src/streams/registry.c
+++ b/src/streams/registry.c
@@ -5,10 +5,11 @@
  * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
  */
 
-#include "git2/errors.h"
-
 #include "common.h"
-#include "global.h"
+
+#include "streams/registry.h"
+
+#include "runtime.h"
 #include "streams/tls.h"
 #include "streams/mbedtls.h"
 #include "streams/openssl.h"
@@ -32,8 +33,7 @@ int git_stream_registry_global_init(void)
 	if (git_rwlock_init(&stream_registry.lock) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	git__on_shutdown(shutdown_stream_registry);
-	return 0;
+	return git_runtime_shutdown_register(shutdown_stream_registry);
 }
 
 GIT_INLINE(void) stream_registration_cpy(
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ int git_stream_registry_lookup(git_stream_registration *out, git_stream_t type)
 	git_stream_registration *target;
 	int error = GIT_ENOTFOUND;
 
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 
 	switch(type) {
 	case GIT_STREAM_STANDARD:
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ int git_stream_registry_lookup(git_stream_registration *out, git_stream_t type)
 		target = &stream_registry.tls_callbacks;
 		break;
 	default:
-		assert(0);
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "invalid stream type");
 		return -1;
 	}
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ int git_stream_registry_lookup(git_stream_registration *out, git_stream_t type)
 
 int git_stream_register(git_stream_t type, git_stream_registration *registration)
 {
-	assert(!registration || registration->init);
+	GIT_ASSERT(!registration || registration->init);
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(registration, GIT_STREAM_VERSION, "stream_registration");
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ int git_stream_register(git_stream_t type, git_stream_registration *registration
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_stream_register_tls(
 	int GIT_CALLBACK(ctor)(git_stream **out, const char *host, const char *port))
 {
@@ -116,3 +116,4 @@ int git_stream_register_tls(
 		return git_stream_register(GIT_STREAM_TLS, NULL);
 	}
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/streams/socket.c b/src/streams/socket.c
index 33f7883..9415fe8 100644
--- a/src/streams/socket.c
+++ b/src/streams/socket.c
@@ -183,7 +183,9 @@ static int default_socket_stream_new(
 {
 	git_socket_stream *st;
 
-	assert(out && host && port);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(host);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(port);
 
 	st = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_socket_stream));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(st);
@@ -217,7 +219,9 @@ int git_socket_stream_new(
 	git_stream_registration custom = {0};
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && host && port);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(host);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(port);
 
 	if ((error = git_stream_registry_lookup(&custom, GIT_STREAM_STANDARD)) == 0)
 		init = custom.init;
diff --git a/src/streams/stransport.c b/src/streams/stransport.c
index a79d3cb..3f31d25 100644
--- a/src/streams/stransport.c
+++ b/src/streams/stransport.c
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ static ssize_t stransport_write(git_stream *stream, const char *data, size_t len
 	if ((ret = SSLWrite(st->ctx, data, data_len, &processed)) != noErr)
 		return stransport_error(ret);
 
-	assert(processed < SSIZE_MAX);
+	GIT_ASSERT(processed < SSIZE_MAX);
 	return (ssize_t)processed;
 }
 
@@ -251,7 +251,9 @@ static int stransport_wrap(
 	stransport_stream *st;
 	OSStatus ret;
 
-	assert(out && in && host);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(in);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(host);
 
 	st = git__calloc(1, sizeof(stransport_stream));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(st);
@@ -305,7 +307,8 @@ int git_stransport_stream_new(git_stream **out, const char *host, const char *po
 	git_stream *stream = NULL;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && host);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(host);
 
 	error = git_socket_stream_new(&stream, host, port);
 
diff --git a/src/streams/tls.c b/src/streams/tls.c
index 6a25171..e063a33 100644
--- a/src/streams/tls.c
+++ b/src/streams/tls.c
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 #include "git2/errors.h"
 
 #include "common.h"
-#include "global.h"
 #include "streams/registry.h"
 #include "streams/tls.h"
 #include "streams/mbedtls.h"
@@ -21,7 +20,9 @@ int git_tls_stream_new(git_stream **out, const char *host, const char *port)
 	git_stream_registration custom = {0};
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && host && port);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(host);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(port);
 
 	if ((error = git_stream_registry_lookup(&custom, GIT_STREAM_TLS)) == 0) {
 		init = custom.init;
@@ -50,7 +51,8 @@ int git_tls_stream_wrap(git_stream **out, git_stream *in, const char *host)
 	int (*wrap)(git_stream **, git_stream *, const char *) = NULL;
 	git_stream_registration custom = {0};
 
-	assert(out && in);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(in);
 
 	if (git_stream_registry_lookup(&custom, GIT_STREAM_TLS) == 0) {
 		wrap = custom.wrap;
diff --git a/src/submodule.c b/src/submodule.c
index 1690e08..7cbb9fa 100644
--- a/src/submodule.c
+++ b/src/submodule.c
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 #include "git2/types.h"
 #include "git2/index.h"
 #include "buffer.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 #include "vector.h"
 #include "posix.h"
 #include "config_backend.h"
@@ -249,24 +248,62 @@ out:
 	return error;
 }
 
+int git_submodule_cache_init(git_strmap **out, git_repository *repo)
+{
+	int error = 0;
+	git_strmap *cache = NULL;
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	if ((error = git_strmap_new(&cache)) < 0)
+		return error;
+	if ((error = git_submodule__map(repo, cache)) < 0) {
+		git_submodule_cache_free(cache);
+		return error;
+	}
+	*out = cache;
+	return error;
+}
+
+int git_submodule_cache_free(git_strmap *cache)
+{
+	git_submodule *sm = NULL;
+	if (cache == NULL)
+		return 0;
+	git_strmap_foreach_value(cache, sm, {
+		git_submodule_free(sm);
+	});
+	git_strmap_free(cache);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int git_submodule_lookup(
 	git_submodule **out, /* NULL if user only wants to test existence */
 	git_repository *repo,
 	const char *name)    /* trailing slash is allowed */
 {
+	return git_submodule__lookup_with_cache(out, repo, name, repo->submodule_cache);
+}
+
+int git_submodule__lookup_with_cache(
+	git_submodule **out, /* NULL if user only wants to test existence */
+	git_repository *repo,
+	const char *name,    /* trailing slash is allowed */
+	git_strmap *cache)
+{
 	int error;
 	unsigned int location;
 	git_submodule *sm;
 
-	assert(repo && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	if (repo->is_bare) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_SUBMODULE, "cannot get submodules without a working tree");
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	if (repo->submodule_cache != NULL) {
-		if ((sm = git_strmap_get(repo->submodule_cache, name)) != NULL) {
+	if (cache != NULL) {
+		if ((sm = git_strmap_get(cache, name)) != NULL) {
 			if (out) {
 				*out = sm;
 				GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(*out);
@@ -342,8 +379,10 @@ int git_submodule_lookup(
 		/* If it's not configured, we still check if there's a repo at the path */
 		if (git_repository_workdir(repo)) {
 			git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
-			if (git_buf_join3(&path,
-					  '/', git_repository_workdir(repo), name, DOT_GIT) < 0)
+			if (git_buf_join3(&path, '/',
+			                  git_repository_workdir(repo),
+					  name, DOT_GIT) < 0 ||
+			    git_path_validate_workdir_buf(NULL, &path) < 0)
 				return -1;
 
 			if (git_path_exists(path.ptr))
@@ -380,7 +419,7 @@ int git_submodule_name_is_valid(git_repository *repo, const char *name, int flag
 		git_buf_attach_notowned(&buf, name, strlen(name));
 	}
 
-	isvalid =  git_path_isvalid(repo, buf.ptr, 0, flags);
+	isvalid =  git_path_validate(repo, buf.ptr, 0, flags);
 	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
 
 	return isvalid;
@@ -515,12 +554,13 @@ int git_submodule__map(git_repository *repo, git_strmap *map)
 	int error = 0;
 	git_index *idx = NULL;
 	git_tree *head = NULL;
-	const char *wd = NULL;
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_submodule *sm;
 	git_config *mods = NULL;
+	bool has_workdir;
 
-	assert(repo && map);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(map);
 
 	/* get sources that we will need to check */
 	if (git_repository_index(&idx, repo) < 0)
@@ -528,12 +568,14 @@ int git_submodule__map(git_repository *repo, git_strmap *map)
 	if (git_repository_head_tree(&head, repo) < 0)
 		git_error_clear();
 
-	wd = git_repository_workdir(repo);
-	if (wd && (error = git_buf_joinpath(&path, wd, GIT_MODULES_FILE)) < 0)
+	has_workdir = git_repository_workdir(repo) != NULL;
+
+	if (has_workdir &&
+	    (error = git_repository_workdir_path(&path, repo, GIT_MODULES_FILE)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	/* add submodule information from .gitmodules */
-	if (wd) {
+	if (has_workdir) {
 		lfc_data data = { 0 };
 		data.map = map;
 		data.repo = repo;
@@ -560,7 +602,7 @@ int git_submodule__map(git_repository *repo, git_strmap *map)
 			goto cleanup;
 	}
 	/* shallow scan submodules in work tree as needed */
-	if (wd) {
+	if (has_workdir) {
 		git_strmap_foreach_value(map, sm, {
 				submodule_load_from_wd_lite(sm);
 			});
@@ -644,7 +686,7 @@ static int submodule_repo_init(
 	git_repository_init_options initopt = GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	git_repository *subrepo = NULL;
 
-	error = git_buf_joinpath(&workdir, git_repository_workdir(parent_repo), path);
+	error = git_repository_workdir_path(&workdir, parent_repo, path);
 	if (error < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
@@ -698,7 +740,9 @@ int git_submodule_add_setup(
 	git_repository *subrepo = NULL;
 	bool path_occupied;
 
-	assert(repo && url && path);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(url);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(path);
 
 	/* see if there is already an entry for this submodule */
 
@@ -749,7 +793,7 @@ int git_submodule_add_setup(
 
 	/* init submodule repository and add origin remote as needed */
 
-	error = git_buf_joinpath(&name, git_repository_workdir(repo), path);
+	error = git_repository_workdir_path(&name, repo, path);
 	if (error < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
@@ -799,7 +843,8 @@ int git_submodule_repo_init(
 	git_config *cfg = NULL;
 	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	assert(out && sm);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(sm);
 
 	/* get the configured remote url of the submodule */
 	if ((error = git_buf_printf(&buf, "submodule.%s.url", sm->name)) < 0 ||
@@ -840,7 +885,7 @@ int git_submodule_clone(git_repository **out, git_submodule *submodule, const gi
 	git_submodule_update_options sub_opts = GIT_SUBMODULE_UPDATE_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	git_clone_options opts = GIT_CLONE_OPTIONS_INIT;
 
-	assert(submodule);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(submodule);
 
 	if (given_opts)
 		memcpy(&sub_opts, given_opts, sizeof(sub_opts));
@@ -854,10 +899,9 @@ int git_submodule_clone(git_repository **out, git_submodule *submodule, const gi
 	opts.remote_cb = clone_return_origin;
 	opts.remote_cb_payload = submodule;
 
-	git_buf_puts(&rel_path, git_repository_workdir(git_submodule_owner(submodule)));
-	git_buf_joinpath(&rel_path, git_buf_cstr(&rel_path), git_submodule_path(submodule));
-
-	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_BUF(&rel_path);
+	error = git_repository_workdir_path(&rel_path, git_submodule_owner(submodule), git_submodule_path(submodule));
+	if (error < 0)
+		goto cleanup;
 
 	error = git_clone__submodule(&clone, git_submodule_url(submodule), git_buf_cstr(&rel_path), &opts);
 	if (error < 0)
@@ -879,7 +923,7 @@ int git_submodule_add_finalize(git_submodule *sm)
 	int error;
 	git_index *index;
 
-	assert(sm);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(sm);
 
 	if ((error = git_repository_index__weakptr(&index, sm->repo)) < 0 ||
 		(error = git_index_add_bypath(index, GIT_MODULES_FILE)) < 0)
@@ -898,15 +942,14 @@ int git_submodule_add_to_index(git_submodule *sm, int write_index)
 	git_index_entry entry;
 	struct stat st;
 
-	assert(sm);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(sm);
 
 	/* force reload of wd OID by git_submodule_open */
 	sm->flags = sm->flags & ~GIT_SUBMODULE_STATUS__WD_OID_VALID;
 
 	if ((error = git_repository_index__weakptr(&index, sm->repo)) < 0 ||
-		(error = git_buf_joinpath(
-			&path, git_repository_workdir(sm->repo), sm->path)) < 0 ||
-		(error = git_submodule_open(&sm_repo, sm)) < 0)
+	    (error = git_repository_workdir_path(&path, sm->repo, sm->path)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_submodule_open(&sm_repo, sm)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	/* read stat information for submodule working directory */
@@ -958,7 +1001,7 @@ cleanup:
 	return error;
 }
 
-const char *git_submodule_update_to_str(git_submodule_update_t update)
+static const char *submodule_update_to_str(git_submodule_update_t update)
 {
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(_sm_update_map); ++i)
@@ -969,25 +1012,25 @@ const char *git_submodule_update_to_str(git_submodule_update_t update)
 
 git_repository *git_submodule_owner(git_submodule *submodule)
 {
-	assert(submodule);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(submodule, NULL);
 	return submodule->repo;
 }
 
 const char *git_submodule_name(git_submodule *submodule)
 {
-	assert(submodule);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(submodule, NULL);
 	return submodule->name;
 }
 
 const char *git_submodule_path(git_submodule *submodule)
 {
-	assert(submodule);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(submodule, NULL);
 	return submodule->path;
 }
 
 const char *git_submodule_url(git_submodule *submodule)
 {
-	assert(submodule);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(submodule, NULL);
 	return submodule->url;
 }
 
@@ -996,9 +1039,12 @@ int git_submodule_resolve_url(git_buf *out, git_repository *repo, const char *ur
 	int error = 0;
 	git_buf normalized = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	assert(out && repo && url);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(url);
 
-	git_buf_sanitize(out);
+	if ((error = git_buf_sanitize(out)) < 0)
+		return error;
 
 	/* We do this in all platforms in case someone on Windows created the .gitmodules */
 	if (strchr(url, '\\')) {
@@ -1066,28 +1112,30 @@ static int write_mapped_var(git_repository *repo, const char *name, git_configma
 
 const char *git_submodule_branch(git_submodule *submodule)
 {
-	assert(submodule);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(submodule, NULL);
 	return submodule->branch;
 }
 
 int git_submodule_set_branch(git_repository *repo, const char *name, const char *branch)
 {
-
-	assert(repo && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	return write_var(repo, name, "branch", branch);
 }
 
 int git_submodule_set_url(git_repository *repo, const char *name, const char *url)
 {
-	assert(repo && name && url);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(url);
 
 	return write_var(repo, name, "url", url);
 }
 
 const git_oid *git_submodule_index_id(git_submodule *submodule)
 {
-	assert(submodule);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(submodule, NULL);
 
 	if (submodule->flags & GIT_SUBMODULE_STATUS__INDEX_OID_VALID)
 		return &submodule->index_oid;
@@ -1097,7 +1145,7 @@ const git_oid *git_submodule_index_id(git_submodule *submodule)
 
 const git_oid *git_submodule_head_id(git_submodule *submodule)
 {
-	assert(submodule);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(submodule, NULL);
 
 	if (submodule->flags & GIT_SUBMODULE_STATUS__HEAD_OID_VALID)
 		return &submodule->head_oid;
@@ -1107,7 +1155,7 @@ const git_oid *git_submodule_head_id(git_submodule *submodule)
 
 const git_oid *git_submodule_wd_id(git_submodule *submodule)
 {
-	assert(submodule);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(submodule, NULL);
 
 	/* load unless we think we have a valid oid */
 	if (!(submodule->flags & GIT_SUBMODULE_STATUS__WD_OID_VALID)) {
@@ -1128,28 +1176,32 @@ const git_oid *git_submodule_wd_id(git_submodule *submodule)
 
 git_submodule_ignore_t git_submodule_ignore(git_submodule *submodule)
 {
-	assert(submodule);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(submodule, GIT_SUBMODULE_IGNORE_UNSPECIFIED);
+
 	return (submodule->ignore < GIT_SUBMODULE_IGNORE_NONE) ?
 		GIT_SUBMODULE_IGNORE_NONE : submodule->ignore;
 }
 
 int git_submodule_set_ignore(git_repository *repo, const char *name, git_submodule_ignore_t ignore)
 {
-	assert(repo && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	return write_mapped_var(repo, name, _sm_ignore_map, ARRAY_SIZE(_sm_ignore_map), "ignore", ignore);
 }
 
 git_submodule_update_t git_submodule_update_strategy(git_submodule *submodule)
 {
-	assert(submodule);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(submodule, GIT_SUBMODULE_UPDATE_NONE);
+
 	return (submodule->update < GIT_SUBMODULE_UPDATE_CHECKOUT) ?
 		GIT_SUBMODULE_UPDATE_CHECKOUT : submodule->update;
 }
 
 int git_submodule_set_update(git_repository *repo, const char *name, git_submodule_update_t update)
 {
-	assert(repo && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	return write_mapped_var(repo, name, _sm_update_map, ARRAY_SIZE(_sm_update_map), "update", update);
 }
@@ -1157,13 +1209,14 @@ int git_submodule_set_update(git_repository *repo, const char *name, git_submodu
 git_submodule_recurse_t git_submodule_fetch_recurse_submodules(
 	git_submodule *submodule)
 {
-	assert(submodule);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(submodule, GIT_SUBMODULE_RECURSE_NO);
 	return submodule->fetch_recurse;
 }
 
 int git_submodule_set_fetch_recurse_submodules(git_repository *repo, const char *name, git_submodule_recurse_t recurse)
 {
-	assert(repo && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	return write_mapped_var(repo, name, _sm_recurse_map, ARRAY_SIZE(_sm_recurse_map), "fetchRecurseSubmodules", recurse);
 }
@@ -1185,7 +1238,7 @@ static int submodule_repo_create(
 		GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_RELATIVE_GITLINK;
 
 	/* Workdir: path to sub-repo working directory */
-	error = git_buf_joinpath(&workdir, git_repository_workdir(parent_repo), path);
+	error = git_repository_workdir_path(&workdir, parent_repo, path);
 	if (error < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
@@ -1240,10 +1293,12 @@ int git_submodule_update_options_init(git_submodule_update_options *opts, unsign
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_submodule_update_init_options(git_submodule_update_options *opts, unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_submodule_update_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 int git_submodule_update(git_submodule *sm, int init, git_submodule_update_options *_update_options)
 {
@@ -1258,7 +1313,7 @@ int git_submodule_update(git_submodule *sm, int init, git_submodule_update_optio
 	git_submodule_update_options update_options = GIT_SUBMODULE_UPDATE_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	git_clone_options clone_options = GIT_CLONE_OPTIONS_INIT;
 
-	assert(sm);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(sm);
 
 	if (_update_options)
 		memcpy(&update_options, _update_options, sizeof(git_submodule_update_options));
@@ -1401,7 +1456,7 @@ int git_submodule_init(git_submodule *sm, int overwrite)
 	/* write "submodule.NAME.update" if not default */
 
 	val = (sm->update == GIT_SUBMODULE_UPDATE_CHECKOUT) ?
-		NULL : git_submodule_update_to_str(sm->update);
+		NULL : submodule_update_to_str(sm->update);
 
 	if ((error = git_buf_printf(&key, "submodule.%s.update", sm->name)) < 0 ||
 		(error = git_config__update_entry(
@@ -1471,7 +1526,8 @@ static int git_submodule__open(
 	unsigned int flags = GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_NO_SEARCH;
 	const char *wd;
 
-	assert(sm && subrepo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(sm);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(subrepo);
 
 	if (git_repository__ensure_not_bare(
 			sm->repo, "open submodule repository") < 0)
@@ -1479,8 +1535,7 @@ static int git_submodule__open(
 
 	wd = git_repository_workdir(sm->repo);
 
-	if (git_buf_joinpath(&path, wd, sm->path) < 0 ||
-		git_buf_joinpath(&path, path.ptr, DOT_GIT) < 0)
+	if (git_buf_join3(&path, '/', wd, sm->path, DOT_GIT) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	sm->flags = sm->flags &
@@ -1607,7 +1662,7 @@ int git_submodule_reload(git_submodule *sm, int force)
 
 	GIT_UNUSED(force);
 
-	assert(sm);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(sm);
 
 	if ((error = git_submodule_name_is_valid(sm->repo, sm->name, 0)) <= 0)
 		/* This should come with a warning, but we've no API for that */
@@ -1724,7 +1779,9 @@ int git_submodule_status(unsigned int *status, git_repository *repo, const char 
 	git_submodule *sm;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(status && repo && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(status);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	if ((error = git_submodule_lookup(&sm, repo, name)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -1737,7 +1794,8 @@ int git_submodule_status(unsigned int *status, git_repository *repo, const char 
 
 int git_submodule_location(unsigned int *location, git_submodule *sm)
 {
-	assert(location && sm);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(location);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(sm);
 
 	return git_submodule__status(
 		location, NULL, NULL, NULL, sm, GIT_SUBMODULE_IGNORE_ALL);
@@ -1796,6 +1854,17 @@ static void submodule_release(git_submodule *sm)
 	git__free(sm);
 }
 
+int git_submodule_dup(git_submodule **out, git_submodule *source)
+{
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(source);
+
+	GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(source);
+
+	*out = source;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 void git_submodule_free(git_submodule *sm)
 {
 	if (!sm)
@@ -1838,7 +1907,7 @@ int git_submodule_parse_update(git_submodule_update_t *out, const char *value)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int git_submodule_parse_recurse(git_submodule_recurse_t *out, const char *value)
+static int submodule_parse_recurse(git_submodule_recurse_t *out, const char *value)
 {
 	int val;
 
@@ -1934,7 +2003,7 @@ static int submodule_read_config(git_submodule *sm, git_config *cfg)
 
 	if ((error = get_value(&value, cfg, &key, sm->name, "fetchRecurseSubmodules")) == 0) {
 		in_config = 1;
-		if ((error = git_submodule_parse_recurse(&sm->fetch_recurse, value)) < 0)
+		if ((error = submodule_parse_recurse(&sm->fetch_recurse, value)) < 0)
 			goto cleanup;
 		sm->fetch_recurse_default = sm->fetch_recurse;
 	} else if (error != GIT_ENOTFOUND) {
@@ -2022,7 +2091,7 @@ static int submodule_load_from_wd_lite(git_submodule *sm)
 {
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	if (git_buf_joinpath(&path, git_repository_workdir(sm->repo), sm->path) < 0)
+	if (git_repository_workdir_path(&path, sm->repo, sm->path) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (git_path_isdir(path.ptr))
@@ -2042,15 +2111,14 @@ static int submodule_load_from_wd_lite(git_submodule *sm)
  */
 static int gitmodules_snapshot(git_config **snap, git_repository *repo)
 {
-	const char *workdir = git_repository_workdir(repo);
 	git_config *mods = NULL;
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	if (!workdir)
+	if (git_repository_workdir(repo) == NULL)
 		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
 
-	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&path, workdir, GIT_MODULES_FILE)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_repository_workdir_path(&path, repo, GIT_MODULES_FILE)) < 0)
 		return error;
 
 	if ((error = git_config_open_ondisk(&mods, path.ptr)) < 0)
@@ -2074,12 +2142,11 @@ static git_config_backend *open_gitmodules(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	int okay_to_create)
 {
-	const char *workdir = git_repository_workdir(repo);
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_config_backend *mods = NULL;
 
-	if (workdir != NULL) {
-		if (git_buf_joinpath(&path, workdir, GIT_MODULES_FILE) != 0)
+	if (git_repository_workdir(repo) != NULL) {
+		if (git_repository_workdir_path(&path, repo, GIT_MODULES_FILE) != 0)
 			return NULL;
 
 		if (okay_to_create || git_path_isfile(path.ptr)) {
@@ -2192,8 +2259,9 @@ static int get_url_base(git_buf *url, git_repository *repo)
 		if ((error = git_worktree_open_from_repository(&wt, repo)) < 0)
 			goto out;
 		error = git_buf_sets(url, wt->parent_path);
-	} else
+	} else {
 		error = git_buf_sets(url, git_repository_workdir(repo));
+	}
 
 out:
 	git_remote_free(remote);
diff --git a/src/submodule.h b/src/submodule.h
index 57d95c3..b01ff68 100644
--- a/src/submodule.h
+++ b/src/submodule.h
@@ -101,12 +101,6 @@ struct git_submodule {
 	git_oid wd_oid;
 };
 
-/* Force revalidation of submodule data cache (alloc as needed) */
-extern int git_submodule_cache_refresh(git_repository *repo);
-
-/* Release all submodules */
-extern void git_submodule_cache_free(git_repository *repo);
-
 /* Additional flags on top of public GIT_SUBMODULE_STATUS values */
 enum {
 	GIT_SUBMODULE_STATUS__WD_SCANNED          = (1u << 20),
@@ -122,9 +116,15 @@ enum {
 #define GIT_SUBMODULE_STATUS__CLEAR_INTERNAL(S) \
 	((S) & ~(0xFFFFFFFFu << 20))
 
-/* Internal lookup does not attempt to refresh cached data */
-extern int git_submodule__lookup(
-	git_submodule **out, git_repository *repo, const char *path);
+/* Initialize an external submodule cache for the provided repo. */
+extern int git_submodule_cache_init(git_strmap **out, git_repository *repo);
+
+/* Release the resources of the submodule cache. */
+extern int git_submodule_cache_free(git_strmap *cache);
+
+/* Submodule lookup with an explicit cache */
+extern int git_submodule__lookup_with_cache(
+	git_submodule **out, git_repository *repo, const char *path, git_strmap *cache);
 
 /* Internal status fn returns status and optionally the various OIDs */
 extern int git_submodule__status(
diff --git a/src/sysdir.c b/src/sysdir.c
index 9e86dc8..dcbd48b 100644
--- a/src/sysdir.c
+++ b/src/sysdir.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 #include "sysdir.h"
 
-#include "global.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
 #include "buffer.h"
 #include "path.h"
 #include <ctype.h>
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ static int get_passwd_home(git_buf *out, uid_t uid)
 	long buflen;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 
 	if ((buflen = sysconf(_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX)) == -1)
 		buflen = 1024;
@@ -189,9 +189,7 @@ int git_sysdir_global_init(void)
 	for (i = 0; !error && i < ARRAY_SIZE(git_sysdir__dirs); i++)
 		error = git_sysdir__dirs[i].guess(&git_sysdir__dirs[i].buf);
 
-	git__on_shutdown(git_sysdir_global_shutdown);
-
-	return error;
+	return git_runtime_shutdown_register(git_sysdir_global_shutdown);
 }
 
 static int git_sysdir_check_selector(git_sysdir_t which)
@@ -206,7 +204,7 @@ static int git_sysdir_check_selector(git_sysdir_t which)
 
 int git_sysdir_get(const git_buf **out, git_sysdir_t which)
 {
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -216,25 +214,6 @@ int git_sysdir_get(const git_buf **out, git_sysdir_t which)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int git_sysdir_get_str(
-	char *out,
-	size_t outlen,
-	git_sysdir_t which)
-{
-	const git_buf *path = NULL;
-
-	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ERROR(git_sysdir_check_selector(which));
-	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ERROR(git_sysdir_get(&path, which));
-
-	if (!out || path->size >= outlen) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_NOMEMORY, "buffer is too short for the path");
-		return GIT_EBUFS;
-	}
-
-	git_buf_copy_cstr(out, outlen, path);
-	return 0;
-}
-
 #define PATH_MAGIC "$PATH"
 
 int git_sysdir_set(git_sysdir_t which, const char *search_path)
@@ -317,8 +296,11 @@ static int git_sysdir_find_in_dirlist(
 	}
 
 done:
+	if (name)
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "the %s file '%s' doesn't exist", label, name);
+	else
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "the %s directory doesn't exist", label);
 	git_buf_dispose(path);
-	git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "the %s file '%s' doesn't exist", label, name);
 	return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/sysdir.h b/src/sysdir.h
index ce1b4dc..cc5599e 100644
--- a/src/sysdir.h
+++ b/src/sysdir.h
@@ -94,17 +94,6 @@ extern int git_sysdir_global_init(void);
 extern int git_sysdir_get(const git_buf **out, git_sysdir_t which);
 
 /**
- * Get search path into a preallocated buffer
- *
- * @param out String buffer to write into
- * @param outlen Size of string buffer
- * @param which Which search path to return
- * @return 0 on success, GIT_EBUFS if out is too small, <0 on other failure
- */
-
-extern int git_sysdir_get_str(char *out, size_t outlen, git_sysdir_t which);
-
-/**
  * Set search paths for global/system/xdg files
  *
  * The first occurrence of the magic string "$PATH" in the new value will
diff --git a/src/tag.c b/src/tag.c
index a7a005c..ee91e50 100644
--- a/src/tag.c
+++ b/src/tag.c
@@ -27,25 +27,25 @@ void git_tag__free(void *_tag)
 
 int git_tag_target(git_object **target, const git_tag *t)
 {
-	assert(t);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(t);
 	return git_object_lookup(target, t->object.repo, &t->target, t->type);
 }
 
 const git_oid *git_tag_target_id(const git_tag *t)
 {
-	assert(t);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(t, NULL);
 	return &t->target;
 }
 
 git_object_t git_tag_target_type(const git_tag *t)
 {
-	assert(t);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(t, GIT_OBJECT_INVALID);
 	return t->type;
 }
 
 const char *git_tag_name(const git_tag *t)
 {
-	assert(t);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(t, NULL);
 	return t->tag_name;
 }
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ const git_signature *git_tag_tagger(const git_tag *t)
 
 const char *git_tag_message(const git_tag *t)
 {
-	assert(t);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(t, NULL);
 	return t->message;
 }
 
@@ -259,8 +259,10 @@ static int git_tag_create__internal(
 
 	int error;
 
-	assert(repo && tag_name && target);
-	assert(!create_tag_annotation || (tagger && message));
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tag_name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(target);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(!create_tag_annotation || (tagger && message));
 
 	if (git_object_owner(target) != repo) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "the given target does not belong to this repository");
@@ -313,7 +315,12 @@ int git_tag_annotation_create(
 	const git_signature *tagger,
 	const char *message)
 {
-	assert(oid && repo && tag_name && target && tagger && message);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tag_name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(target);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tagger);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(message);
 
 	return write_tag_annotation(oid, repo, tag_name, target, tagger, message);
 }
@@ -339,7 +346,8 @@ int git_tag_create_from_buffer(git_oid *oid, git_repository *repo, const char *b
 	git_reference *new_ref = NULL;
 	git_buf ref_name = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	assert(oid && buffer);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(buffer);
 
 	memset(&tag, 0, sizeof(tag));
 
@@ -454,7 +462,8 @@ int git_tag_foreach(git_repository *repo, git_tag_foreach_cb cb, void *cb_data)
 {
 	tag_cb_data data;
 
-	assert(repo && cb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cb);
 
 	data.cb = cb;
 	data.cb_data = cb_data;
@@ -493,7 +502,9 @@ int git_tag_list_match(git_strarray *tag_names, const char *pattern, git_reposit
 	tag_filter_data filter;
 	git_vector taglist;
 
-	assert(tag_names && repo && pattern);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tag_names);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(pattern);
 
 	if ((error = git_vector_init(&taglist, 8, NULL)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -522,9 +533,36 @@ int git_tag_peel(git_object **tag_target, const git_tag *tag)
 	return git_object_peel(tag_target, (const git_object *)tag, GIT_OBJECT_ANY);
 }
 
+int git_tag_name_is_valid(int *valid, const char *name)
+{
+	git_buf ref_name = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	int error = 0;
+
+	GIT_ASSERT(valid);
+
+	/*
+	 * Discourage tag name starting with dash,
+	 * https://github.com/git/git/commit/4f0accd638b8d2
+	 */
+	if (!name || name[0] == '-')
+		goto done;
+
+	if ((error = git_buf_puts(&ref_name, GIT_REFS_TAGS_DIR)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_buf_puts(&ref_name, name)) < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	error = git_reference_name_is_valid(valid, ref_name.ptr);
+
+done:
+	git_buf_dispose(&ref_name);
+	return error;
+}
+
 /* Deprecated Functions */
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_tag_create_frombuffer(git_oid *oid, git_repository *repo, const char *buffer, int allow_ref_overwrite)
 {
 	return git_tag_create_from_buffer(oid, repo, buffer, allow_ref_overwrite);
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/thread-utils.c b/src/thread-utils.c
deleted file mode 100644
index e5ec6a8..0000000
--- a/src/thread-utils.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-
-#include "common.h"
-#include "thread-utils.h"
-
-#ifdef _WIN32
-#ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
-#	define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
-#endif
-#	include <windows.h>
-#elif defined(hpux) || defined(__hpux) || defined(_hpux)
-#	include <sys/pstat.h>
-#endif
-
-/*
- * By doing this in two steps we can at least get
- * the function to be somewhat coherent, even
- * with this disgusting nest of #ifdefs.
- */
-#ifndef _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN
-#	ifdef _SC_NPROC_ONLN
-#		define _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN _SC_NPROC_ONLN
-#	elif defined _SC_CRAY_NCPU
-#		define _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN _SC_CRAY_NCPU
-#	endif
-#endif
-
-int git_online_cpus(void)
-{
-#ifdef _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN
-	long ncpus;
-#endif
-
-#ifdef _WIN32
-	SYSTEM_INFO info;
-	GetSystemInfo(&info);
-
-	if ((int)info.dwNumberOfProcessors > 0)
-		return (int)info.dwNumberOfProcessors;
-#elif defined(hpux) || defined(__hpux) || defined(_hpux)
-	struct pst_dynamic psd;
-
-	if (!pstat_getdynamic(&psd, sizeof(psd), (size_t)1, 0))
-		return (int)psd.psd_proc_cnt;
-#endif
-
-#ifdef _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN
-	if ((ncpus = (long)sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN)) > 0)
-		return (int)ncpus;
-#endif
-
-	return 1;
-}
diff --git a/src/thread-utils.h b/src/thread-utils.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 035de69..0000000
--- a/src/thread-utils.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,246 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-#ifndef INCLUDE_thread_utils_h__
-#define INCLUDE_thread_utils_h__
-
-#if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(GIT_THREADS)
-# if (__GNUC__ < 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ < 1))
-#  error Atomic primitives do not exist on this version of gcc; configure libgit2 with -DTHREADSAFE=OFF
-# endif
-#endif
-
-/* Common operations even if threading has been disabled */
-typedef struct {
-#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
-	volatile long val;
-#else
-	volatile int val;
-#endif
-} git_atomic;
-
-#ifdef GIT_ARCH_64
-
-typedef struct {
-#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
-	__int64 val;
-#else
-	int64_t val;
-#endif
-} git_atomic64;
-
-typedef git_atomic64 git_atomic_ssize;
-
-#define git_atomic_ssize_add git_atomic64_add
-
-#else
-
-typedef git_atomic git_atomic_ssize;
-
-#define git_atomic_ssize_add git_atomic_add
-
-#endif
-
-#ifdef GIT_THREADS
-
-#ifdef GIT_WIN32
-#   include "win32/thread.h"
-#else
-#   include "unix/pthread.h"
-#endif
-
-GIT_INLINE(void) git_atomic_set(git_atomic *a, int val)
-{
-#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
-	InterlockedExchange(&a->val, (LONG)val);
-#elif defined(__GNUC__)
-	__sync_lock_test_and_set(&a->val, val);
-#else
-#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
-#endif
-}
-
-GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic_inc(git_atomic *a)
-{
-#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
-	return InterlockedIncrement(&a->val);
-#elif defined(__GNUC__)
-	return __sync_add_and_fetch(&a->val, 1);
-#else
-#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
-#endif
-}
-
-GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic_add(git_atomic *a, int32_t addend)
-{
-#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
-	return InterlockedExchangeAdd(&a->val, addend);
-#elif defined(__GNUC__)
-	return __sync_add_and_fetch(&a->val, addend);
-#else
-#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
-#endif
-}
-
-GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic_dec(git_atomic *a)
-{
-#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
-	return InterlockedDecrement(&a->val);
-#elif defined(__GNUC__)
-	return __sync_sub_and_fetch(&a->val, 1);
-#else
-#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
-#endif
-}
-
-GIT_INLINE(void *) git___compare_and_swap(
-	void * volatile *ptr, void *oldval, void *newval)
-{
-	volatile void *foundval;
-#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
-	foundval = InterlockedCompareExchangePointer((volatile PVOID *)ptr, newval, oldval);
-#elif defined(__GNUC__)
-	foundval = __sync_val_compare_and_swap(ptr, oldval, newval);
-#else
-#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
-#endif
-	return (foundval == oldval) ? oldval : newval;
-}
-
-GIT_INLINE(volatile void *) git___swap(
-	void * volatile *ptr, void *newval)
-{
-#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
-	return InterlockedExchangePointer(ptr, newval);
-#else
-	return __sync_lock_test_and_set(ptr, newval);
-#endif
-}
-
-#ifdef GIT_ARCH_64
-
-GIT_INLINE(int64_t) git_atomic64_add(git_atomic64 *a, int64_t addend)
-{
-#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
-	return InterlockedExchangeAdd64(&a->val, addend);
-#elif defined(__GNUC__)
-	return __sync_add_and_fetch(&a->val, addend);
-#else
-#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
-#endif
-}
-
-#endif
-
-#else
-
-#define git_thread unsigned int
-#define git_thread_create(thread, start_routine, arg) 0
-#define git_thread_join(id, status) (void)0
-
-/* Pthreads Mutex */
-#define git_mutex unsigned int
-GIT_INLINE(int) git_mutex_init(git_mutex *mutex) \
-	{ GIT_UNUSED(mutex); return 0; }
-GIT_INLINE(int) git_mutex_lock(git_mutex *mutex) \
-	{ GIT_UNUSED(mutex); return 0; }
-#define git_mutex_unlock(a) (void)0
-#define git_mutex_free(a) (void)0
-
-/* Pthreads condition vars */
-#define git_cond unsigned int
-#define git_cond_init(c, a)	(void)0
-#define git_cond_free(c) (void)0
-#define git_cond_wait(c, l)	(void)0
-#define git_cond_signal(c) (void)0
-#define git_cond_broadcast(c) (void)0
-
-/* Pthreads rwlock */
-#define git_rwlock unsigned int
-#define git_rwlock_init(a)		0
-#define git_rwlock_rdlock(a)	0
-#define git_rwlock_rdunlock(a)	(void)0
-#define git_rwlock_wrlock(a)	0
-#define git_rwlock_wrunlock(a)	(void)0
-#define git_rwlock_free(a)		(void)0
-#define GIT_RWLOCK_STATIC_INIT	0
-
-
-GIT_INLINE(void) git_atomic_set(git_atomic *a, int val)
-{
-	a->val = val;
-}
-
-GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic_inc(git_atomic *a)
-{
-	return ++a->val;
-}
-
-GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic_add(git_atomic *a, int32_t addend)
-{
-	a->val += addend;
-	return a->val;
-}
-
-GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic_dec(git_atomic *a)
-{
-	return --a->val;
-}
-
-GIT_INLINE(void *) git___compare_and_swap(
-	void * volatile *ptr, void *oldval, void *newval)
-{
-	if (*ptr == oldval)
-		*ptr = newval;
-	else
-		oldval = newval;
-	return oldval;
-}
-
-GIT_INLINE(volatile void *) git___swap(
-	void * volatile *ptr, void *newval)
-{
-	volatile void *old = *ptr;
-	*ptr = newval;
-	return old;
-}
-
-#ifdef GIT_ARCH_64
-
-GIT_INLINE(int64_t) git_atomic64_add(git_atomic64 *a, int64_t addend)
-{
-	a->val += addend;
-	return a->val;
-}
-
-#endif
-
-#endif
-
-GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic_get(git_atomic *a)
-{
-	return (int)a->val;
-}
-
-/* Atomically replace oldval with newval
- * @return oldval if it was replaced or newval if it was not
- */
-#define git__compare_and_swap(P,O,N) \
-	git___compare_and_swap((void * volatile *)P, O, N)
-
-#define git__swap(ptr, val) (void *)git___swap((void * volatile *)&ptr, val)
-
-extern int git_online_cpus(void);
-
-#if defined(GIT_THREADS) && defined(_MSC_VER)
-# define GIT_MEMORY_BARRIER MemoryBarrier()
-#elif defined(GIT_THREADS)
-# define GIT_MEMORY_BARRIER __sync_synchronize()
-#else
-# define GIT_MEMORY_BARRIER /* noop */
-#endif
-
-#endif
diff --git a/src/thread.c b/src/thread.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3171771
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thread.c
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+#if !defined(GIT_THREADS)
+
+#define TLSDATA_MAX 16
+
+typedef struct {
+	void *value;
+	void (GIT_SYSTEM_CALL *destroy_fn)(void *);
+} tlsdata_value;
+
+static tlsdata_value tlsdata_values[TLSDATA_MAX];
+static int tlsdata_cnt = 0;
+
+int git_tlsdata_init(git_tlsdata_key *key, void (GIT_SYSTEM_CALL *destroy_fn)(void *))
+{
+	if (tlsdata_cnt >= TLSDATA_MAX)
+		return -1;
+
+	tlsdata_values[tlsdata_cnt].value = NULL;
+	tlsdata_values[tlsdata_cnt].destroy_fn = destroy_fn;
+
+	*key = tlsdata_cnt;
+	tlsdata_cnt++;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_tlsdata_set(git_tlsdata_key key, void *value)
+{
+	if (key < 0 || key > tlsdata_cnt)
+		return -1;
+
+	tlsdata_values[key].value = value;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void *git_tlsdata_get(git_tlsdata_key key)
+{
+	if (key < 0 || key > tlsdata_cnt)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return tlsdata_values[key].value;
+}
+
+int git_tlsdata_dispose(git_tlsdata_key key)
+{
+	void *value;
+	void (*destroy_fn)(void *) = NULL;
+
+	if (key < 0 || key > tlsdata_cnt)
+		return -1;
+
+	value = tlsdata_values[key].value;
+	destroy_fn = tlsdata_values[key].destroy_fn;
+
+	tlsdata_values[key].value = NULL;
+	tlsdata_values[key].destroy_fn = NULL;
+
+	if (value && destroy_fn)
+		destroy_fn(value);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#elif defined(GIT_WIN32)
+
+int git_tlsdata_init(git_tlsdata_key *key, void (GIT_SYSTEM_CALL *destroy_fn)(void *))
+{
+	DWORD fls_index = FlsAlloc(destroy_fn);
+
+	if (fls_index == FLS_OUT_OF_INDEXES)
+		return -1;
+
+	*key = fls_index;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_tlsdata_set(git_tlsdata_key key, void *value)
+{
+	if (!FlsSetValue(key, value))
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void *git_tlsdata_get(git_tlsdata_key key)
+{
+	return FlsGetValue(key);
+}
+
+int git_tlsdata_dispose(git_tlsdata_key key)
+{
+	if (!FlsFree(key))
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#elif defined(_POSIX_THREADS)
+
+int git_tlsdata_init(git_tlsdata_key *key, void (GIT_SYSTEM_CALL *destroy_fn)(void *))
+{
+	if (pthread_key_create(key, destroy_fn) != 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_tlsdata_set(git_tlsdata_key key, void *value)
+{
+	if (pthread_setspecific(key, value) != 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void *git_tlsdata_get(git_tlsdata_key key)
+{
+	return pthread_getspecific(key);
+}
+
+int git_tlsdata_dispose(git_tlsdata_key key)
+{
+	if (pthread_key_delete(key) != 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#else
+# error unknown threading model
+#endif
diff --git a/src/thread.h b/src/thread.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b091c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thread.h
@@ -0,0 +1,479 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+#ifndef INCLUDE_thread_h__
+#define INCLUDE_thread_h__
+
+#if defined(GIT_THREADS)
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+
+# if (__clang_major__ < 3 || (__clang_major__ == 3 && __clang_minor__ < 1))
+#  error Atomic primitives do not exist on this version of clang; configure libgit2 with -DTHREADSAFE=OFF
+# else
+#  define GIT_BUILTIN_ATOMIC
+# endif
+
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+
+# if (__GNUC__ < 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ < 1))
+#  error Atomic primitives do not exist on this version of gcc; configure libgit2 with -DTHREADSAFE=OFF
+# elif (__GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 7))
+#  define GIT_BUILTIN_ATOMIC
+# else
+#  define GIT_BUILTIN_SYNC
+# endif
+
+#endif
+
+#endif /* GIT_THREADS */
+
+/* Common operations even if threading has been disabled */
+typedef struct {
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
+	volatile long val;
+#else
+	volatile int val;
+#endif
+} git_atomic32;
+
+#ifdef GIT_ARCH_64
+
+typedef struct {
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
+	volatile __int64 val;
+#else
+	volatile int64_t val;
+#endif
+} git_atomic64;
+
+typedef git_atomic64 git_atomic_ssize;
+
+#define git_atomic_ssize_set git_atomic64_set
+#define git_atomic_ssize_add git_atomic64_add
+#define git_atomic_ssize_get git_atomic64_get
+
+#else
+
+typedef git_atomic32 git_atomic_ssize;
+
+#define git_atomic_ssize_set git_atomic32_set
+#define git_atomic_ssize_add git_atomic32_add
+#define git_atomic_ssize_get git_atomic32_get
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef GIT_THREADS
+
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+#   include "win32/thread.h"
+#else
+#   include "unix/pthread.h"
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Atomically sets the contents of *a to be val.
+ */
+GIT_INLINE(void) git_atomic32_set(git_atomic32 *a, int val)
+{
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
+	InterlockedExchange(&a->val, (LONG)val);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_ATOMIC)
+	__atomic_store_n(&a->val, val, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_SYNC)
+	__sync_lock_test_and_set(&a->val, val);
+#else
+#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * Atomically increments the contents of *a by 1, and stores the result back into *a.
+ * @return the result of the operation.
+ */
+GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic32_inc(git_atomic32 *a)
+{
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
+	return InterlockedIncrement(&a->val);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_ATOMIC)
+	return __atomic_add_fetch(&a->val, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_SYNC)
+	return __sync_add_and_fetch(&a->val, 1);
+#else
+#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * Atomically adds the contents of *a and addend, and stores the result back into *a.
+ * @return the result of the operation.
+ */
+GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic32_add(git_atomic32 *a, int32_t addend)
+{
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
+	return InterlockedAdd(&a->val, addend);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_ATOMIC)
+	return __atomic_add_fetch(&a->val, addend, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_SYNC)
+	return __sync_add_and_fetch(&a->val, addend);
+#else
+#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * Atomically decrements the contents of *a by 1, and stores the result back into *a.
+ * @return the result of the operation.
+ */
+GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic32_dec(git_atomic32 *a)
+{
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
+	return InterlockedDecrement(&a->val);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_ATOMIC)
+	return __atomic_sub_fetch(&a->val, 1, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_SYNC)
+	return __sync_sub_and_fetch(&a->val, 1);
+#else
+#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * Atomically gets the contents of *a.
+ * @return the contents of *a.
+ */
+GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic32_get(git_atomic32 *a)
+{
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
+	return (int)InterlockedCompareExchange(&a->val, 0, 0);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_ATOMIC)
+	return __atomic_load_n(&a->val, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_SYNC)
+	return __sync_val_compare_and_swap(&a->val, 0, 0);
+#else
+#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
+#endif
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(void *) git_atomic__compare_and_swap(
+	void * volatile *ptr, void *oldval, void *newval)
+{
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
+	return InterlockedCompareExchangePointer((volatile PVOID *)ptr, newval, oldval);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_ATOMIC)
+	void *foundval = oldval;
+	__atomic_compare_exchange(ptr, &foundval, &newval, false, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
+	return foundval;
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_SYNC)
+	return __sync_val_compare_and_swap(ptr, oldval, newval);
+#else
+#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
+#endif
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(volatile void *) git_atomic__swap(
+	void * volatile *ptr, void *newval)
+{
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
+	return InterlockedExchangePointer(ptr, newval);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_ATOMIC)
+	void * volatile foundval = NULL;
+	__atomic_exchange(ptr, &newval, &foundval, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
+	return foundval;
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_SYNC)
+	return (volatile void *)__sync_lock_test_and_set(ptr, newval);
+#else
+#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
+#endif
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(volatile void *) git_atomic__load(void * volatile *ptr)
+{
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
+	void *newval = NULL, *oldval = NULL;
+	return (volatile void *)InterlockedCompareExchangePointer((volatile PVOID *)ptr, newval, oldval);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_ATOMIC)
+	return (volatile void *)__atomic_load_n(ptr, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_SYNC)
+	return (volatile void *)__sync_val_compare_and_swap(ptr, 0, 0);
+#else
+#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
+#endif
+}
+
+#ifdef GIT_ARCH_64
+
+/*
+ * Atomically adds the contents of *a and addend, and stores the result back into *a.
+ * @return the result of the operation.
+ */
+GIT_INLINE(int64_t) git_atomic64_add(git_atomic64 *a, int64_t addend)
+{
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
+	return InterlockedAdd64(&a->val, addend);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_ATOMIC)
+	return __atomic_add_fetch(&a->val, addend, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_SYNC)
+	return __sync_add_and_fetch(&a->val, addend);
+#else
+#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * Atomically sets the contents of *a to be val.
+ */
+GIT_INLINE(void) git_atomic64_set(git_atomic64 *a, int64_t val)
+{
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
+	InterlockedExchange64(&a->val, val);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_ATOMIC)
+	__atomic_store_n(&a->val, val, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_SYNC)
+	__sync_lock_test_and_set(&a->val, val);
+#else
+#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * Atomically gets the contents of *a.
+ * @return the contents of *a.
+ */
+GIT_INLINE(int64_t) git_atomic64_get(git_atomic64 *a)
+{
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32)
+	return (int64_t)InterlockedCompareExchange64(&a->val, 0, 0);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_ATOMIC)
+	return __atomic_load_n(&a->val, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
+#elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_SYNC)
+	return __sync_val_compare_and_swap(&a->val, 0, 0);
+#else
+#	error "Unsupported architecture for atomic operations"
+#endif
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#else
+
+#define git_threads_global_init git__noop
+
+#define git_thread unsigned int
+#define git_thread_create(thread, start_routine, arg) git__noop()
+#define git_thread_join(id, status) git__noop()
+
+/* Pthreads Mutex */
+#define git_mutex unsigned int
+#define git_mutex_init(a)	git__noop()
+#define git_mutex_init(a)	git__noop()
+#define git_mutex_lock(a)	git__noop()
+#define git_mutex_unlock(a)	git__noop()
+#define git_mutex_free(a)	git__noop()
+
+/* Pthreads condition vars */
+#define git_cond unsigned int
+#define git_cond_init(c)	git__noop()
+#define git_cond_free(c)	git__noop()
+#define git_cond_wait(c, l)	git__noop()
+#define git_cond_signal(c)	git__noop()
+#define git_cond_broadcast(c)	git__noop()
+
+/* Pthreads rwlock */
+#define git_rwlock unsigned int
+#define git_rwlock_init(a)	git__noop()
+#define git_rwlock_rdlock(a)	git__noop()
+#define git_rwlock_rdunlock(a)	git__noop()
+#define git_rwlock_wrlock(a)	git__noop()
+#define git_rwlock_wrunlock(a)	git__noop()
+#define git_rwlock_free(a)	git__noop()
+#define GIT_RWLOCK_STATIC_INIT	0
+
+
+GIT_INLINE(void) git_atomic32_set(git_atomic32 *a, int val)
+{
+	a->val = val;
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic32_inc(git_atomic32 *a)
+{
+	return ++a->val;
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic32_add(git_atomic32 *a, int32_t addend)
+{
+	a->val += addend;
+	return a->val;
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic32_dec(git_atomic32 *a)
+{
+	return --a->val;
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(int) git_atomic32_get(git_atomic32 *a)
+{
+	return (int)a->val;
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(void *) git_atomic__compare_and_swap(
+	void * volatile *ptr, void *oldval, void *newval)
+{
+	void *foundval = *ptr;
+	if (foundval == oldval)
+		*ptr = newval;
+	return foundval;
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(volatile void *) git_atomic__swap(
+	void * volatile *ptr, void *newval)
+{
+	volatile void *old = *ptr;
+	*ptr = newval;
+	return old;
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(volatile void *) git_atomic__load(void * volatile *ptr)
+{
+	return *ptr;
+}
+
+#ifdef GIT_ARCH_64
+
+GIT_INLINE(int64_t) git_atomic64_add(git_atomic64 *a, int64_t addend)
+{
+	a->val += addend;
+	return a->val;
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(void) git_atomic64_set(git_atomic64 *a, int64_t val)
+{
+	a->val = val;
+}
+
+GIT_INLINE(int64_t) git_atomic64_get(git_atomic64 *a)
+{
+	return (int64_t)a->val;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Atomically replace the contents of *ptr (if they are equal to oldval) with
+ * newval. ptr must point to a pointer or a value that is the same size as a
+ * pointer. This is semantically compatible with:
+ *
+ *   #define git_atomic_compare_and_swap(ptr, oldval, newval) \
+ *   ({                                                       \
+ *       void *foundval = *ptr;                               \
+ *       if (foundval == oldval)                              \
+ *           *ptr = newval;                                   \
+ *       foundval;                                            \
+ *   })
+ *
+ * @return the original contents of *ptr.
+ */
+#define git_atomic_compare_and_swap(ptr, oldval, newval) \
+	git_atomic__compare_and_swap((void * volatile *)ptr, oldval, newval)
+
+/*
+ * Atomically replace the contents of v with newval. v must be the same size as
+ * a pointer. This is semantically compatible with:
+ *
+ *   #define git_atomic_swap(v, newval) \
+ *   ({                                 \
+ *       volatile void *old = v;        \
+ *       v = newval;                    \
+ *       old;                           \
+ *   })
+ *
+ * @return the original contents of v.
+ */
+#define git_atomic_swap(v, newval) \
+	(void *)git_atomic__swap((void * volatile *)&(v), newval)
+
+/*
+ * Atomically reads the contents of v. v must be the same size as a pointer.
+ * This is semantically compatible with:
+ *
+ *   #define git_atomic_load(v) v
+ *
+ * @return the contents of v.
+ */
+#define git_atomic_load(v) \
+	(void *)git_atomic__load((void * volatile *)&(v))
+
+#if defined(GIT_THREADS)
+
+# if defined(GIT_WIN32)
+#  define GIT_MEMORY_BARRIER MemoryBarrier()
+# elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_ATOMIC)
+#  define GIT_MEMORY_BARRIER __atomic_thread_fence(__ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)
+# elif defined(GIT_BUILTIN_SYNC)
+#  define GIT_MEMORY_BARRIER __sync_synchronize()
+# endif
+
+#else
+
+# define GIT_MEMORY_BARRIER /* noop */
+
+#endif
+
+/* Thread-local data */
+
+#if !defined(GIT_THREADS)
+# define git_tlsdata_key int
+#elif defined(GIT_WIN32)
+# define git_tlsdata_key DWORD
+#elif defined(_POSIX_THREADS)
+# define git_tlsdata_key pthread_key_t
+#else
+# error unknown threading model
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Create a thread-local data key.  The destroy function will be
+ * called upon thread exit.  On some platforms, it may be called
+ * when all threads have deleted their keys.
+ *
+ * Note that the tlsdata functions do not set an error message on
+ * failure; this is because the error handling in libgit2 is itself
+ * handled by thread-local data storage.
+ *
+ * @param key the tlsdata key
+ * @param destroy_fn function pointer called upon thread exit
+ * @return 0 on success, non-zero on failure
+ */
+int git_tlsdata_init(git_tlsdata_key *key, void (GIT_SYSTEM_CALL *destroy_fn)(void *));
+
+/**
+ * Set a the thread-local value for the given key.
+ *
+ * @param key the tlsdata key to store data on
+ * @param value the pointer to store
+ * @return 0 on success, non-zero on failure
+ */
+int git_tlsdata_set(git_tlsdata_key key, void *value);
+
+/**
+ * Get the thread-local value for the given key.
+ *
+ * @param key the tlsdata key to retrieve the value of
+ * @return the pointer stored with git_tlsdata_set
+ */
+void *git_tlsdata_get(git_tlsdata_key key);
+
+/**
+ * Delete the given thread-local key.
+ *
+ * @param key the tlsdata key to dispose
+ * @return 0 on success, non-zero on failure
+ */
+int git_tlsdata_dispose(git_tlsdata_key key);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/threadstate.c b/src/threadstate.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6031e82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/threadstate.c
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include "threadstate.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
+
+/**
+ * Handle the thread-local state
+ *
+ * `git_threadstate_global_init` will be called as part
+ * of `git_libgit2_init` (which itself must be called
+ * before calling any other function in the library).
+ *
+ * This function allocates a TLS index to store the per-
+ * thread state.
+ *
+ * Any internal method that requires thread-local state
+ * will then call `git_threadstate_get()` which returns a
+ * pointer to the thread-local state structure; this
+ * structure is lazily allocated on each thread.
+ *
+ * This mechanism will register a shutdown handler
+ * (`git_threadstate_global_shutdown`) which will free the
+ * TLS index.  This shutdown handler will be called by
+ * `git_libgit2_shutdown`.
+ */
+
+static git_tlsdata_key tls_key;
+
+static void threadstate_dispose(git_threadstate *threadstate)
+{
+	if (!threadstate)
+		return;
+
+	git__free(threadstate->error_t.message);
+	threadstate->error_t.message = NULL;
+}
+
+static void GIT_SYSTEM_CALL threadstate_free(void *threadstate)
+{
+	threadstate_dispose(threadstate);
+	git__free(threadstate);
+}
+
+static void git_threadstate_global_shutdown(void)
+{
+	git_threadstate *threadstate;
+
+	threadstate = git_tlsdata_get(tls_key);
+	git_tlsdata_set(tls_key, NULL);
+
+	threadstate_dispose(threadstate);
+	git__free(threadstate);
+
+	git_tlsdata_dispose(tls_key);
+}
+
+int git_threadstate_global_init(void)
+{
+	if (git_tlsdata_init(&tls_key, &threadstate_free) != 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	return git_runtime_shutdown_register(git_threadstate_global_shutdown);
+}
+
+git_threadstate *git_threadstate_get(void)
+{
+	git_threadstate *threadstate;
+
+	if ((threadstate = git_tlsdata_get(tls_key)) != NULL)
+		return threadstate;
+
+	if ((threadstate = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_threadstate))) == NULL ||
+	    git_buf_init(&threadstate->error_buf, 0) < 0)
+		return NULL;
+
+	git_tlsdata_set(tls_key, threadstate);
+	return threadstate;
+}
diff --git a/src/threadstate.h b/src/threadstate.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..51810a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/threadstate.h
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+#ifndef INCLUDE_threadstate_h__
+#define INCLUDE_threadstate_h__
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+	git_error *last_error;
+	git_error error_t;
+	git_buf error_buf;
+	char oid_fmt[GIT_OID_HEXSZ+1];
+} git_threadstate;
+
+extern int git_threadstate_global_init(void);
+extern git_threadstate *git_threadstate_get(void);
+
+#define GIT_THREADSTATE (git_threadstate_get())
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/trace.c b/src/trace.c
index ec6a90a..efc7b01 100644
--- a/src/trace.c
+++ b/src/trace.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #include "trace.h"
 
 #include "buffer.h"
-#include "global.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
 #include "git2/trace.h"
 
 #ifdef GIT_TRACE
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ struct git_trace_data git_trace__data = {0};
 int git_trace_set(git_trace_level_t level, git_trace_cb callback)
 {
 #ifdef GIT_TRACE
-	assert(level == 0 || callback != NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(level == 0 || callback != NULL);
 
 	git_trace__data.level = level;
 	git_trace__data.callback = callback;
diff --git a/src/trace.h b/src/trace.h
index e15118e..a233aa2 100644
--- a/src/trace.h
+++ b/src/trace.h
@@ -23,28 +23,32 @@ extern struct git_trace_data git_trace__data;
 
 GIT_INLINE(void) git_trace__write_fmt(
 	git_trace_level_t level,
-	const char *fmt, ...)
+	const char *fmt,
+	va_list ap)
 {
 	git_trace_cb callback = git_trace__data.callback;
 	git_buf message = GIT_BUF_INIT;
-	va_list ap;
 
-	va_start(ap, fmt);
 	git_buf_vprintf(&message, fmt, ap);
-	va_end(ap);
 
 	callback(level, git_buf_cstr(&message));
 
 	git_buf_dispose(&message);
 }
 
-#define git_trace_level()		(git_trace__data.level)
-#define git_trace(l, ...)		{ \
-									if (git_trace__data.level >= l && \
-										git_trace__data.callback != NULL) { \
-										git_trace__write_fmt(l, __VA_ARGS__); \
-									} \
-								}
+#define git_trace_level()	(git_trace__data.level)
+
+GIT_INLINE(void) git_trace(git_trace_level_t level, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	if (git_trace__data.level >= level &&
+	    git_trace__data.callback != NULL) {
+		va_list ap;
+
+		va_start(ap, fmt);
+		git_trace__write_fmt(level, fmt, ap);
+		va_end(ap);
+	}
+}
 
 #else
 
@@ -56,8 +60,8 @@ GIT_INLINE(void) git_trace__null(
 	GIT_UNUSED(fmt);
 }
 
-#define git_trace_level()		((git_trace_level_t)0)
-#define git_trace			git_trace__null
+#define git_trace_level()	((git_trace_level_t)0)
+#define git_trace		git_trace__null
 
 #endif
 
diff --git a/src/transaction.c b/src/transaction.c
index 7367d12..98fa1ba 100644
--- a/src/transaction.c
+++ b/src/transaction.c
@@ -57,7 +57,9 @@ struct git_transaction {
 int git_transaction_config_new(git_transaction **out, git_config *cfg)
 {
 	git_transaction *tx;
-	assert(out && cfg);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cfg);
 
 	tx = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_transaction));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(tx);
@@ -74,9 +76,11 @@ int git_transaction_new(git_transaction **out, git_repository *repo)
 	git_pool pool;
 	git_transaction *tx = NULL;
 
-	assert(out && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
-	git_pool_init(&pool, 1);
+	if ((error = git_pool_init(&pool, 1)) < 0)
+		goto on_error;
 
 	tx = git_pool_mallocz(&pool, sizeof(git_transaction));
 	if (!tx) {
@@ -108,7 +112,8 @@ int git_transaction_lock_ref(git_transaction *tx, const char *refname)
 	int error;
 	transaction_node *node;
 
-	assert(tx && refname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refname);
 
 	node = git_pool_mallocz(&tx->pool, sizeof(transaction_node));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(node);
@@ -175,7 +180,9 @@ int git_transaction_set_target(git_transaction *tx, const char *refname, const g
 	int error;
 	transaction_node *node;
 
-	assert(tx && refname && target);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(target);
 
 	if ((error = find_locked(&node, tx, refname)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -194,7 +201,9 @@ int git_transaction_set_symbolic_target(git_transaction *tx, const char *refname
 	int error;
 	transaction_node *node;
 
-	assert(tx && refname && target);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(target);
 
 	if ((error = find_locked(&node, tx, refname)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -271,7 +280,9 @@ int git_transaction_set_reflog(git_transaction *tx, const char *refname, const g
 	int error;
 	transaction_node *node;
 
-	assert(tx && refname && reflog);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(refname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(reflog);
 
 	if ((error = find_locked(&node, tx, refname)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -319,7 +330,7 @@ int git_transaction_commit(git_transaction *tx)
 	transaction_node *node;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(tx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(tx);
 
 	if (tx->type == TRANSACTION_CONFIG) {
 		error = git_config_unlock(tx->cfg, true);
@@ -354,7 +365,8 @@ void git_transaction_free(git_transaction *tx)
 	transaction_node *node;
 	git_pool pool;
 
-	assert(tx);
+	if (!tx)
+		return;
 
 	if (tx->type == TRANSACTION_CONFIG) {
 		if (tx->cfg) {
diff --git a/src/transport.c b/src/transport.c
index 227ee7d..e128aa6 100644
--- a/src/transport.c
+++ b/src/transport.c
@@ -148,8 +148,8 @@ int git_transport_register(
 	size_t i;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(scheme);
-	assert(cb);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(scheme);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cb);
 
 	if ((error = git_buf_printf(&prefix, "%s://", scheme)) < 0)
 		goto on_error;
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ int git_transport_unregister(const char *scheme)
 	size_t i;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(scheme);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(scheme);
 
 	if ((error = git_buf_printf(&prefix, "%s://", scheme)) < 0)
 		goto done;
diff --git a/src/transports/auth_negotiate.c b/src/transports/auth_negotiate.c
index a04efce..3146993 100644
--- a/src/transports/auth_negotiate.c
+++ b/src/transports/auth_negotiate.c
@@ -65,7 +65,9 @@ static int negotiate_set_challenge(
 {
 	http_auth_negotiate_context *ctx = (http_auth_negotiate_context *)c;
 
-	assert(ctx && ctx->configured && challenge);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(challenge);
+	GIT_ASSERT(ctx->configured);
 
 	git__free(ctx->challenge);
 
@@ -108,7 +110,12 @@ static int negotiate_next_token(
 	size_t challenge_len;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(buf && ctx && ctx->configured && cred && cred->credtype == GIT_CREDENTIAL_DEFAULT);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(buf);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cred);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT(ctx->configured);
+	GIT_ASSERT(cred->credtype == GIT_CREDENTIAL_DEFAULT);
 
 	if (ctx->complete)
 		return 0;
@@ -202,7 +209,7 @@ static int negotiate_is_complete(git_http_auth_context *c)
 {
 	http_auth_negotiate_context *ctx = (http_auth_negotiate_context *)c;
 
-	assert(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
 
 	return (ctx->complete == 1);
 }
diff --git a/src/transports/auth_ntlm.c b/src/transports/auth_ntlm.c
index 645aa34..742db75 100644
--- a/src/transports/auth_ntlm.c
+++ b/src/transports/auth_ntlm.c
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
 #ifdef GIT_NTLM
 
-#include "ntlm.h"
+#include "ntlmclient.h"
 
 typedef struct {
 	git_http_auth_context parent;
@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ static int ntlm_set_challenge(
 {
 	http_auth_ntlm_context *ctx = (http_auth_ntlm_context *)c;
 
-	assert(ctx && challenge);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(challenge);
 
 	git__free(ctx->challenge);
 
@@ -46,14 +47,14 @@ static int ntlm_set_credentials(http_auth_ntlm_context *ctx, git_credential *_cr
 	char *domain = NULL, *domainuser = NULL;
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(_cred->credtype == GIT_CREDENTIAL_USERPASS_PLAINTEXT);
+	GIT_ASSERT(_cred->credtype == GIT_CREDENTIAL_USERPASS_PLAINTEXT);
 	cred = (git_credential_userpass_plaintext *)_cred;
 
 	if ((sep = strchr(cred->username, '\\')) != NULL) {
-		domain = strndup(cred->username, (sep - cred->username));
+		domain = git__strndup(cred->username, (sep - cred->username));
 		GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(domain);
 
-		domainuser = strdup(sep + 1);
+		domainuser = git__strdup(sep + 1);
 		GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(domainuser);
 
 		username = domainuser;
@@ -86,7 +87,10 @@ static int ntlm_next_token(
 	size_t challenge_len, msg_len;
 	int error = GIT_EAUTH;
 
-	assert(buf && ctx && ctx->ntlm);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(buf);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT(ctx->ntlm);
 
 	challenge_len = ctx->challenge ? strlen(ctx->challenge) : 0;
 
@@ -162,7 +166,7 @@ static int ntlm_is_complete(git_http_auth_context *c)
 {
 	http_auth_ntlm_context *ctx = (http_auth_ntlm_context *)c;
 
-	assert(ctx);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(ctx);
 	return (ctx->complete == true);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/transports/credential.c b/src/transports/credential.c
index 0cf50a0..6e00b02 100644
--- a/src/transports/credential.c
+++ b/src/transports/credential.c
@@ -85,7 +85,9 @@ int git_credential_userpass_plaintext_new(
 {
 	git_credential_userpass_plaintext *c;
 
-	assert(cred && username && password);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cred);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(username);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(password);
 
 	c = git__malloc(sizeof(git_credential_userpass_plaintext));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(c);
@@ -233,7 +235,9 @@ static int git_credential_ssh_key_type_new(
 {
 	git_credential_ssh_key *c;
 
-	assert(username && cred && privatekey);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(username);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cred);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(privatekey);
 
 	c = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_credential_ssh_key));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(c);
@@ -269,7 +273,9 @@ int git_credential_ssh_interactive_new(
 {
 	git_credential_ssh_interactive *c;
 
-	assert(out && username && prompt_callback);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(username);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(prompt_callback);
 
 	c = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_credential_ssh_interactive));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(c);
@@ -290,7 +296,8 @@ int git_credential_ssh_interactive_new(
 int git_credential_ssh_key_from_agent(git_credential **cred, const char *username) {
 	git_credential_ssh_key *c;
 
-	assert(username && cred);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(username);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cred);
 
 	c = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_credential_ssh_key));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(c);
@@ -317,7 +324,8 @@ int git_credential_ssh_custom_new(
 {
 	git_credential_ssh_custom *c;
 
-	assert(username && cred);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(username);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cred);
 
 	c = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_credential_ssh_custom));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(c);
@@ -347,7 +355,7 @@ int git_credential_default_new(git_credential **cred)
 {
 	git_credential_default *c;
 
-	assert(cred);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cred);
 
 	c = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_credential_default));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(c);
@@ -364,7 +372,7 @@ int git_credential_username_new(git_credential **cred, const char *username)
 	git_credential_username *c;
 	size_t len, allocsize;
 
-	assert(cred);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cred);
 
 	len = strlen(username);
 
@@ -391,6 +399,7 @@ void git_credential_free(git_credential *cred)
 
 /* Deprecated credential functions */
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_cred_has_username(git_credential *cred)
 {
 	return git_credential_has_username(cred);
@@ -474,3 +483,4 @@ void git_cred_free(git_credential *cred)
 {
 	git_credential_free(cred);
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/transports/credential_helpers.c b/src/transports/credential_helpers.c
index 6b975e1..6d34a4e 100644
--- a/src/transports/credential_helpers.c
+++ b/src/transports/credential_helpers.c
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ int git_credential_userpass(
 
 /* Deprecated credential functions */
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_cred_userpass(
 	git_credential **out,
 	const char *url,
@@ -64,3 +65,4 @@ int git_cred_userpass(
 	return git_credential_userpass(out, url, user_from_url,
 		allowed_types, payload);
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/src/transports/git.c b/src/transports/git.c
index e48b7f9..7c93155 100644
--- a/src/transports/git.c
+++ b/src/transports/git.c
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ static int _git_close(git_smart_subtransport *subtransport)
 {
 	git_subtransport *t = (git_subtransport *) subtransport;
 
-	assert(!t->current_stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT(!t->current_stream);
 
 	GIT_UNUSED(t);
 
@@ -338,8 +338,6 @@ static void _git_free(git_smart_subtransport *subtransport)
 {
 	git_subtransport *t = (git_subtransport *) subtransport;
 
-	assert(!t->current_stream);
-
 	git__free(t);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/transports/http.c b/src/transports/http.c
index e83d6d7..691bceb 100644
--- a/src/transports/http.c
+++ b/src/transports/http.c
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 #include "buffer.h"
 #include "net.h"
 #include "netops.h"
-#include "global.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "git2/sys/credential.h"
 #include "smart.h"
@@ -105,6 +104,11 @@ static int apply_url_credentials(
 	const char *username,
 	const char *password)
 {
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(username);
+
+	if (!password)
+		password = "";
+
 	if (allowed_types & GIT_CREDENTIAL_USERPASS_PLAINTEXT)
 		return git_credential_userpass_plaintext_new(cred, username, password);
 
@@ -139,8 +143,7 @@ static int handle_auth(
 	/* Start with URL-specified credentials, if there were any. */
 	if ((allowed_credtypes & GIT_CREDENTIAL_USERPASS_PLAINTEXT) &&
 	    !server->url_cred_presented &&
-	    server->url.username &&
-	    server->url.password) {
+	    server->url.username) {
 		error = apply_url_credentials(&server->cred, allowed_credtypes, server->url.username, server->url.password);
 		server->url_cred_presented = 1;
 
@@ -417,7 +420,7 @@ static int http_stream_read(
 		goto done;
 	}
 
-	assert (stream->state == HTTP_STATE_RECEIVING_RESPONSE);
+	GIT_ASSERT(stream->state == HTTP_STATE_RECEIVING_RESPONSE);
 
 	error = git_http_client_read_body(transport->http_client, buffer, buffer_size);
 
@@ -555,7 +558,7 @@ static int http_stream_write(
 		goto done;
 	}
 
-	assert(stream->state == HTTP_STATE_SENDING_REQUEST);
+	GIT_ASSERT(stream->state == HTTP_STATE_SENDING_REQUEST);
 
 	error = git_http_client_send_body(transport->http_client, buffer, len);
 
@@ -589,7 +592,7 @@ static int http_stream_read_response(
 		    (error = handle_response(&complete, stream, &response, false)) < 0)
 		    goto done;
 
-		assert(complete);
+		GIT_ASSERT(complete);
 		stream->state = HTTP_STATE_RECEIVING_RESPONSE;
 	}
 
@@ -638,7 +641,8 @@ static int http_action(
 	const http_service *service;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(out && t);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(t);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -721,7 +725,7 @@ int git_smart_subtransport_http(git_smart_subtransport **out, git_transport *own
 
 	GIT_UNUSED(param);
 
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 
 	transport = git__calloc(sizeof(http_subtransport), 1);
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(transport);
diff --git a/src/transports/http.h b/src/transports/http.h
index c02109c..5c360b8 100644
--- a/src/transports/http.h
+++ b/src/transports/http.h
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #define INCLUDE_transports_http_h__
 
 #include "buffer.h"
+#include "settings.h"
 #include "httpclient.h"
 
 #define GIT_HTTP_REPLAY_MAX 15
diff --git a/src/transports/httpclient.c b/src/transports/httpclient.c
index d8d7227..4612b43 100644
--- a/src/transports/httpclient.c
+++ b/src/transports/httpclient.c
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 #include "http_parser.h"
 #include "vector.h"
 #include "trace.h"
-#include "global.h"
 #include "httpclient.h"
 #include "http.h"
 #include "auth.h"
@@ -29,7 +28,18 @@ static git_http_auth_scheme auth_schemes[] = {
 	{ GIT_HTTP_AUTH_BASIC, "Basic", GIT_CREDENTIAL_USERPASS_PLAINTEXT, git_http_auth_basic },
 };
 
-#define GIT_READ_BUFFER_SIZE 8192
+/*
+ * Use a 16kb read buffer to match the maximum size of a TLS packet.  This
+ * is critical for compatibility with SecureTransport, which will always do
+ * a network read on every call, even if it has data buffered to return to
+ * you.  That buffered data may be the _end_ of a keep-alive response, so
+ * if SecureTransport performs another network read, it will wait until the
+ * server ultimately times out before it returns that buffered data to you.
+ * Since SecureTransport only reads a single TLS packet at a time, by
+ * calling it with a read buffer that is the maximum size of a TLS packet,
+ * we ensure that it will never buffer.
+ */
+#define GIT_READ_BUFFER_SIZE (16 * 1024)
 
 typedef struct {
 	git_net_url url;
@@ -135,7 +145,8 @@ bool git_http_response_is_redirect(git_http_response *response)
 
 void git_http_response_dispose(git_http_response *response)
 {
-	assert(response);
+	if (!response)
+		return;
 
 	git__free(response->content_type);
 	git__free(response->location);
@@ -389,7 +400,7 @@ static int on_body(http_parser *parser, const char *buf, size_t len)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	assert(ctx->output_size >= ctx->output_written);
+	GIT_ASSERT(ctx->output_size >= ctx->output_written);
 
 	max_len = min(ctx->output_size - ctx->output_written, len);
 	max_len = min(max_len, INT_MAX);
@@ -434,7 +445,7 @@ GIT_INLINE(int) client_write_request(git_http_client *client)
 				      0);
 }
 
-const char *name_for_method(git_http_method method)
+static const char *name_for_method(git_http_method method)
 {
 	switch (method) {
 	case GIT_HTTP_METHOD_GET:
@@ -587,6 +598,7 @@ static int apply_credentials(
 	} else if (!token.size) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "failed to respond to authentication challenge");
 		error = GIT_EAUTH;
+		error = -1;
 		goto done;
 	}
 
@@ -620,6 +632,26 @@ GIT_INLINE(int) apply_proxy_credentials(
 	                         request->proxy_credentials);
 }
 
+static int puts_host_and_port(git_buf *buf, git_net_url *url, bool force_port)
+{
+	bool ipv6 = git_net_url_is_ipv6(url);
+
+	if (ipv6)
+		git_buf_putc(buf, '[');
+
+	git_buf_puts(buf, url->host);
+
+	if (ipv6)
+		git_buf_putc(buf, ']');
+
+	if (force_port || !git_net_url_is_default_port(url)) {
+		git_buf_putc(buf, ':');
+		git_buf_puts(buf, url->port);
+	}
+
+	return git_buf_oom(buf) ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
 static int generate_connect_request(
 	git_http_client *client,
 	git_http_request *request)
@@ -630,14 +662,17 @@ static int generate_connect_request(
 	git_buf_clear(&client->request_msg);
 	buf = &client->request_msg;
 
-	git_buf_printf(buf, "CONNECT %s:%s HTTP/1.1\r\n",
-	               client->server.url.host, client->server.url.port);
+	git_buf_puts(buf, "CONNECT ");
+	puts_host_and_port(buf, &client->server.url, true);
+	git_buf_puts(buf, " HTTP/1.1\r\n");
 
 	git_buf_puts(buf, "User-Agent: ");
 	git_http__user_agent(buf);
 	git_buf_puts(buf, "\r\n");
 
-	git_buf_printf(buf, "Host: %s\r\n", client->proxy.url.host);
+	git_buf_puts(buf, "Host: ");
+	puts_host_and_port(buf, &client->proxy.url, false);
+	git_buf_puts(buf, "\r\n");
 
 	if ((error = apply_proxy_credentials(buf, client, request) < 0))
 		return -1;
@@ -647,6 +682,11 @@ static int generate_connect_request(
 	return git_buf_oom(buf) ? -1 : 0;
 }
 
+static bool use_connect_proxy(git_http_client *client)
+{
+    return client->proxy.url.host && !strcmp(client->server.url.scheme, "https");
+}
+
 static int generate_request(
 	git_http_client *client,
 	git_http_request *request)
@@ -655,7 +695,8 @@ static int generate_request(
 	size_t i;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(client && request);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(client);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(request);
 
 	git_buf_clear(&client->request_msg);
 	buf = &client->request_msg;
@@ -675,11 +716,8 @@ static int generate_request(
 	git_http__user_agent(buf);
 	git_buf_puts(buf, "\r\n");
 
-	git_buf_printf(buf, "Host: %s", request->url->host);
-
-	if (!git_net_url_is_default_port(request->url))
-		git_buf_printf(buf, ":%s", request->url->port);
-
+	git_buf_puts(buf, "Host: ");
+	puts_host_and_port(buf, request->url, false);
 	git_buf_puts(buf, "\r\n");
 
 	if (request->accept)
@@ -702,7 +740,8 @@ static int generate_request(
 		git_buf_printf(buf, "Expect: 100-continue\r\n");
 
 	if ((error = apply_server_credentials(buf, client, request)) < 0 ||
-	    (error = apply_proxy_credentials(buf, client, request)) < 0)
+	    (!use_connect_proxy(client) &&
+			(error = apply_proxy_credentials(buf, client, request)) < 0))
 		return error;
 
 	if (request->custom_headers) {
@@ -832,7 +871,10 @@ static int setup_hosts(
 {
 	int ret, diff = 0;
 
-	assert(client && request && request->url);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(client);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(request);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT(request->url);
 
 	if ((ret = server_setup_from_url(&client->server, request->url)) < 0)
 		return ret;
@@ -887,7 +929,7 @@ static int proxy_connect(
 	int error;
 
 	if (!client->proxy_connected || !client->keepalive) {
-		git_trace(GIT_TRACE_DEBUG, "Connecting to proxy %s:%s",
+		git_trace(GIT_TRACE_DEBUG, "Connecting to proxy %s port %s",
 			  client->proxy.url.host, client->proxy.url.port);
 
 		if ((error = server_create_stream(&client->proxy)) < 0 ||
@@ -912,7 +954,7 @@ static int proxy_connect(
 	    (error = git_http_client_skip_body(client)) < 0)
 		goto done;
 
-	assert(client->state == DONE);
+	GIT_ASSERT(client->state == DONE);
 
 	if (response.status == GIT_HTTP_STATUS_PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED) {
 		save_early_response(client, &response);
@@ -992,8 +1034,7 @@ static int http_client_connect(
 	reset_parser(client);
 
 	/* Reconnect to the proxy if necessary. */
-	use_proxy = client->proxy.url.host &&
-	            !strcmp(client->server.url.scheme, "https");
+	use_proxy = use_connect_proxy(client);
 
 	if (use_proxy) {
 		if (!client->proxy_connected || !client->keepalive ||
@@ -1008,7 +1049,7 @@ static int http_client_connect(
 			goto on_error;
 	}
 
-	git_trace(GIT_TRACE_DEBUG, "Connecting to remote %s:%s",
+	git_trace(GIT_TRACE_DEBUG, "Connecting to remote %s port %s",
 	          client->server.url.host, client->server.url.port);
 
 	if ((error = server_connect(client)) < 0)
@@ -1027,6 +1068,7 @@ on_error:
 
 GIT_INLINE(int) client_read(git_http_client *client)
 {
+	http_parser_context *parser_context = client->parser.data;
 	git_stream *stream;
 	char *buf = client->read_buf.ptr + client->read_buf.size;
 	size_t max_len;
@@ -1043,6 +1085,9 @@ GIT_INLINE(int) client_read(git_http_client *client)
 	max_len = client->read_buf.asize - client->read_buf.size;
 	max_len = min(max_len, INT_MAX);
 
+	if (parser_context->output_size)
+		max_len = min(max_len, parser_context->output_size);
+
 	if (max_len == 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "no room in output buffer");
 		return -1;
@@ -1105,11 +1150,6 @@ GIT_INLINE(int) client_read_and_parse(git_http_client *client)
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	if (parser->upgrade) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "server requested upgrade");
-		return -1;
-	}
-
 	if (ctx->parse_status == PARSE_STATUS_ERROR) {
 		client->connected = 0;
 		return ctx->error ? ctx->error : -1;
@@ -1128,7 +1168,7 @@ GIT_INLINE(int) client_read_and_parse(git_http_client *client)
 		 * final byte when paused in a callback.  Consume that byte.
 		 * https://github.com/nodejs/http-parser/issues/97
 		 */
-		assert(client->read_buf.size > parsed_len);
+		GIT_ASSERT(client->read_buf.size > parsed_len);
 
 		http_parser_pause(parser, 0);
 
@@ -1180,7 +1220,7 @@ static void complete_response_body(git_http_client *client)
 	/* If we're not keeping alive, don't bother. */
 	if (!client->keepalive) {
 		client->connected = 0;
-		return;
+		goto done;
 	}
 
 	parser_context.client = client;
@@ -1194,6 +1234,9 @@ static void complete_response_body(git_http_client *client)
 		git_error_clear();
 		client->connected = 0;
 	}
+
+done:
+	git_buf_clear(&client->read_buf);
 }
 
 int git_http_client_send_request(
@@ -1203,7 +1246,8 @@ int git_http_client_send_request(
 	git_http_response response = {0};
 	int error = -1;
 
-	assert(client && request);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(client);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(request);
 
 	/* If the client did not finish reading, clean up the stream. */
 	if (client->state == READING_BODY)
@@ -1274,7 +1318,7 @@ int git_http_client_send_body(
 	git_buf hdr = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(client);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(client);
 
 	/* If we're waiting for proxy auth, don't sending more requests. */
 	if (client->state == HAS_EARLY_RESPONSE)
@@ -1291,7 +1335,7 @@ int git_http_client_send_body(
 	server = &client->server;
 
 	if (client->request_body_len) {
-		assert(buffer_len <= client->request_body_remain);
+		GIT_ASSERT(buffer_len <= client->request_body_remain);
 
 		if ((error = stream_write(server, buffer, buffer_len)) < 0)
 			goto done;
@@ -1314,7 +1358,8 @@ static int complete_request(git_http_client *client)
 {
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(client && client->state == SENDING_BODY);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(client);
+	GIT_ASSERT(client->state == SENDING_BODY);
 
 	if (client->request_body_len && client->request_body_remain) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "truncated write");
@@ -1334,7 +1379,8 @@ int git_http_client_read_response(
 	http_parser_context parser_context = {0};
 	int error;
 
-	assert(response && client);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(response);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(client);
 
 	if (client->state == SENDING_BODY) {
 		if ((error = complete_request(client)) < 0)
@@ -1356,8 +1402,11 @@ int git_http_client_read_response(
 
 	git_http_response_dispose(response);
 
-	git_vector_free_deep(&client->server.auth_challenges);
-	git_vector_free_deep(&client->proxy.auth_challenges);
+	if (client->current_server == PROXY) {
+		git_vector_free_deep(&client->proxy.auth_challenges);
+	} else if(client->current_server == SERVER) {
+		git_vector_free_deep(&client->server.auth_challenges);
+	}
 
 	client->state = READING_RESPONSE;
 	client->keepalive = 0;
@@ -1371,7 +1420,7 @@ int git_http_client_read_response(
 			goto done;
 	}
 
-	assert(client->state == READING_BODY || client->state == DONE);
+	GIT_ASSERT(client->state == READING_BODY || client->state == DONE);
 
 done:
 	git_buf_dispose(&parser_context.parse_header_name);
@@ -1408,18 +1457,23 @@ int git_http_client_read_body(
 	client->parser.data = &parser_context;
 
 	/*
-	 * Clients expect to get a non-zero amount of data from us.
-	 * With a sufficiently small buffer, one might only read a chunk
-	 * length.  Loop until we actually have data to return.
+	 * Clients expect to get a non-zero amount of data from us,
+	 * so we either block until we have data to return, until we
+	 * hit EOF or there's an error.  Do this in a loop, since we
+	 * may end up reading only some stream metadata (like chunk
+	 * information).
 	 */
 	while (!parser_context.output_written) {
 		error = client_read_and_parse(client);
 
 		if (error <= 0)
 			goto done;
+
+		if (client->state == DONE)
+			break;
 	}
 
-	assert(parser_context.output_written <= INT_MAX);
+	GIT_ASSERT(parser_context.output_written <= INT_MAX);
 	error = (int)parser_context.output_written;
 
 done:
@@ -1455,7 +1509,7 @@ int git_http_client_skip_body(git_http_client *client)
 			              "unexpected data handled in callback");
 			error = -1;
 		}
-	} while (!error);
+	} while (error >= 0 && client->state != DONE);
 
 	if (error < 0)
 		client->connected = 0;
@@ -1473,7 +1527,7 @@ int git_http_client_new(
 {
 	git_http_client *client;
 
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 
 	client = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_http_client));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(client);
diff --git a/src/transports/httpclient.h b/src/transports/httpclient.h
index 2a83bee..6d0ef9e 100644
--- a/src/transports/httpclient.h
+++ b/src/transports/httpclient.h
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ extern int git_http_client_new(
 
 /*
  * Sends a request to the host specified by the request URL.  If the
- * method is POST, either the the content_length or the chunked flag must
+ * method is POST, either the content_length or the chunked flag must
  * be specified.  The body should be provided in subsequent calls to
  * git_http_client_send_body.
  *
diff --git a/src/transports/local.c b/src/transports/local.c
index 24af7f0..bb31b13 100644
--- a/src/transports/local.c
+++ b/src/transports/local.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ typedef struct {
 	char *url;
 	int direction;
 	int flags;
-	git_atomic cancelled;
+	git_atomic32 cancelled;
 	git_repository *repo;
 	git_transport_message_cb progress_cb;
 	git_transport_message_cb error_cb;
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ static int store_refs(transport_local *t)
 	git_remote_head *head;
 	git_strarray ref_names = {0};
 
-	assert(t);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(t);
 
 	if (git_reference_list(&ref_names, t->repo) < 0)
 		goto on_error;
@@ -185,12 +185,12 @@ static int store_refs(transport_local *t)
 	}
 
 	t->have_refs = 1;
-	git_strarray_free(&ref_names);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&ref_names);
 	return 0;
 
 on_error:
 	git_vector_free(&t->refs);
-	git_strarray_free(&ref_names);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&ref_names);
 	return -1;
 }
 
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ static void local_cancel(git_transport *transport)
 {
 	transport_local *t = (transport_local *)transport;
 
-	git_atomic_set(&t->cancelled, 1);
+	git_atomic32_set(&t->cancelled, 1);
 }
 
 static int local_close(git_transport *transport)
diff --git a/src/transports/smart.c b/src/transports/smart.c
index bb4d2a2..587f143 100644
--- a/src/transports/smart.c
+++ b/src/transports/smart.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ static int git_smart__recv_cb(gitno_buffer *buf)
 	size_t old_len, bytes_read;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(t->current_stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT(t->current_stream);
 
 	old_len = buf->offset;
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ static int git_smart__recv_cb(gitno_buffer *buf)
 	if (t->packetsize_cb && !t->cancelled.val) {
 		error = t->packetsize_cb(bytes_read, t->packetsize_payload);
 		if (error) {
-			git_atomic_set(&t->cancelled, 1);
+			git_atomic32_set(&t->cancelled, 1);
 			return GIT_EUSER;
 		}
 	}
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ static int git_smart__set_custom_headers(
 	size_t i;
 
 	if (t->custom_headers.count)
-		git_strarray_free(&t->custom_headers);
+		git_strarray_dispose(&t->custom_headers);
 
 	if (!custom_headers)
 		return 0;
@@ -226,6 +226,8 @@ static int git_smart__connect(
 	t->url = git__strdup(url);
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(t->url);
 
+	git_proxy_options_clear(&t->proxy);
+
 	if (git_proxy_options_dup(&t->proxy, proxy) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
@@ -346,7 +348,7 @@ int git_smart__negotiation_step(git_transport *transport, void *data, size_t len
 		return error;
 
 	/* If this is a stateful implementation, the stream we get back should be the same */
-	assert(t->rpc || t->current_stream == stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT(t->rpc || t->current_stream == stream);
 
 	/* Save off the current stream (i.e. socket) that we are working with */
 	t->current_stream = stream;
@@ -375,7 +377,7 @@ int git_smart__get_push_stream(transport_smart *t, git_smart_subtransport_stream
 		return error;
 
 	/* If this is a stateful implementation, the stream we get back should be the same */
-	assert(t->rpc || t->current_stream == *stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT(t->rpc || t->current_stream == *stream);
 
 	/* Save off the current stream (i.e. socket) that we are working with */
 	t->current_stream = *stream;
@@ -389,7 +391,7 @@ static void git_smart__cancel(git_transport *transport)
 {
 	transport_smart *t = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(transport, transport_smart, parent);
 
-	git_atomic_set(&t->cancelled, 1);
+	git_atomic32_set(&t->cancelled, 1);
 }
 
 static int git_smart__is_connected(git_transport *transport)
@@ -465,7 +467,7 @@ static void git_smart__free(git_transport *transport)
 	git_vector_free(refs);
 	git__free((char *)t->proxy.url);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&t->custom_headers);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&t->custom_headers);
 
 	git__free(t);
 }
@@ -481,7 +483,9 @@ int git_transport_smart_certificate_check(git_transport *transport, git_cert *ce
 {
 	transport_smart *t = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(transport, transport_smart, parent);
 
-	assert(transport && cert && hostname);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(transport);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(cert);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(hostname);
 
 	if (!t->certificate_check_cb)
 		return GIT_PASSTHROUGH;
@@ -493,7 +497,8 @@ int git_transport_smart_credentials(git_credential **out, git_transport *transpo
 {
 	transport_smart *t = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(transport, transport_smart, parent);
 
-	assert(out && transport);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(transport);
 
 	if (!t->cred_acquire_cb)
 		return GIT_PASSTHROUGH;
diff --git a/src/transports/smart.h b/src/transports/smart.h
index 18e0b7e..a05d4c9 100644
--- a/src/transports/smart.h
+++ b/src/transports/smart.h
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ typedef struct {
 	git_vector refs;
 	git_vector heads;
 	git_vector common;
-	git_atomic cancelled;
+	git_atomic32 cancelled;
 	packetsize_cb packetsize_cb;
 	void *packetsize_payload;
 	unsigned rpc : 1,
diff --git a/src/transports/smart_protocol.c b/src/transports/smart_protocol.c
index c01656d..91de163 100644
--- a/src/transports/smart_protocol.c
+++ b/src/transports/smart_protocol.c
@@ -64,7 +64,9 @@ int git_smart__store_refs(transport_smart *t, int flushes)
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		gitno_consume(buf, line_end);
+		if (gitno_consume(buf, line_end) < 0)
+			return -1;
+
 		if (pkt->type == GIT_PKT_ERR) {
 			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_NET, "remote error: %s", ((git_pkt_err *)pkt)->error);
 			git__free(pkt);
@@ -236,7 +238,9 @@ static int recv_pkt(git_pkt **out_pkt, git_pkt_type *out_type, gitno_buffer *buf
 		}
 	} while (error);
 
-	gitno_consume(buf, line_end);
+	if (gitno_consume(buf, line_end) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
 	if (out_type != NULL)
 		*out_type = pkt->type;
 	if (out_pkt != NULL)
@@ -531,7 +535,7 @@ int git_smart__download_pack(
 		/* We might have something in the buffer already from negotiate_fetch */
 		if (t->buffer.offset > 0 && !t->cancelled.val)
 			if (t->packetsize_cb(t->buffer.offset, t->packetsize_payload))
-				git_atomic_set(&t->cancelled, 1);
+				git_atomic32_set(&t->cancelled, 1);
 	}
 
 	if ((error = git_repository_odb__weakptr(&odb, repo)) < 0 ||
@@ -791,7 +795,8 @@ static int parse_report(transport_smart *transport, git_push *push)
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		gitno_consume(buf, line_end);
+		if (gitno_consume(buf, line_end) < 0)
+			return -1;
 
 		error = 0;
 
@@ -970,9 +975,10 @@ static int stream_thunk(void *buf, size_t size, void *data)
 
 	if (payload->cb) {
 		double current_time = git__timer();
+		double elapsed = current_time - payload->last_progress_report_time;
 		payload->last_bytes += size;
 
-		if ((current_time - payload->last_progress_report_time) >= MIN_PROGRESS_UPDATE_INTERVAL) {
+		if (elapsed < 0 || elapsed >= MIN_PROGRESS_UPDATE_INTERVAL) {
 			payload->last_progress_report_time = current_time;
 			error = payload->cb(payload->pb->nr_written, payload->pb->nr_objects, payload->last_bytes, payload->cb_payload);
 		}
diff --git a/src/transports/ssh.c b/src/transports/ssh.c
index a605aec..efa77a7 100644
--- a/src/transports/ssh.c
+++ b/src/transports/ssh.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #include <libssh2.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "global.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
 #include "git2.h"
 #include "buffer.h"
 #include "net.h"
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ static int ssh_stream_alloc(
 {
 	ssh_stream *s;
 
-	assert(stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(stream);
 
 	s = git__calloc(sizeof(ssh_stream), 1);
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(s);
@@ -404,8 +404,8 @@ static int _git_ssh_authenticate_session(
 		case GIT_CREDENTIAL_SSH_MEMORY: {
 			git_credential_ssh_key *c = (git_credential_ssh_key *)cred;
 
-			assert(c->username);
-			assert(c->privatekey);
+			GIT_ASSERT(c->username);
+			GIT_ASSERT(c->privatekey);
 
 			rc = libssh2_userauth_publickey_frommemory(
 				session,
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ static int _git_ssh_session_create(
 	LIBSSH2_SESSION* s;
 	git_socket_stream *socket = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(io, git_socket_stream, parent);
 
-	assert(session);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(session);
 
 	s = libssh2_session_init();
 	if (!s) {
@@ -563,9 +563,46 @@ post_extract:
 	if (t->owner->certificate_check_cb != NULL) {
 		git_cert_hostkey cert = {{ 0 }}, *cert_ptr;
 		const char *key;
+		size_t cert_len;
+		int cert_type;
 
 		cert.parent.cert_type = GIT_CERT_HOSTKEY_LIBSSH2;
 
+		key = libssh2_session_hostkey(session, &cert_len, &cert_type);
+		if (key != NULL) {
+			cert.type |= GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW;
+			cert.hostkey = key;
+			cert.hostkey_len = cert_len;
+			switch (cert_type) {
+				case LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_TYPE_RSA:
+					cert.raw_type = GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW_TYPE_RSA;
+					break;
+				case LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_TYPE_DSS:
+					cert.raw_type = GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW_TYPE_DSS;
+					break;
+					
+#ifdef LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_TYPE_ECDSA_256
+				case LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_TYPE_ECDSA_256:
+					cert.raw_type = GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW_TYPE_KEY_ECDSA_256;
+					break;
+				case LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_TYPE_ECDSA_384:
+					cert.raw_type = GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW_TYPE_KEY_ECDSA_384;
+					break;
+				case LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_KEY_ECDSA_521:
+					cert.raw_type = GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW_TYPE_KEY_ECDSA_521;
+					break;
+#endif
+					
+#ifdef LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_TYPE_ED25519
+				case LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_TYPE_ED25519:
+					cert.raw_type = GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW_TYPE_KEY_ED25519;
+					break;
+#endif
+				default:
+					cert.raw_type = GIT_CERT_SSH_RAW_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
+			}
+		}
+
 #ifdef LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_HASH_SHA256
 		key = libssh2_hostkey_hash(session, LIBSSH2_HOSTKEY_HASH_SHA256);
 		if (key != NULL) {
@@ -772,7 +809,7 @@ static int _ssh_close(git_smart_subtransport *subtransport)
 {
 	ssh_subtransport *t = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(subtransport, ssh_subtransport, parent);
 
-	assert(!t->current_stream);
+	GIT_ASSERT(!t->current_stream);
 
 	GIT_UNUSED(t);
 
@@ -783,8 +820,6 @@ static void _ssh_free(git_smart_subtransport *subtransport)
 {
 	ssh_subtransport *t = GIT_CONTAINER_OF(subtransport, ssh_subtransport, parent);
 
-	assert(!t->current_stream);
-
 	git__free(t->cmd_uploadpack);
 	git__free(t->cmd_receivepack);
 	git__free(t);
@@ -849,7 +884,7 @@ int git_smart_subtransport_ssh(
 #ifdef GIT_SSH
 	ssh_subtransport *t;
 
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 
 	GIT_UNUSED(param);
 
@@ -867,7 +902,7 @@ int git_smart_subtransport_ssh(
 	GIT_UNUSED(owner);
 	GIT_UNUSED(param);
 
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 	*out = NULL;
 
 	git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "cannot create SSH transport. Library was built without SSH support");
@@ -911,7 +946,7 @@ int git_transport_ssh_with_paths(git_transport **out, git_remote *owner, void *p
 	GIT_UNUSED(owner);
 	GIT_UNUSED(payload);
 
-	assert(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
 	*out = NULL;
 
 	git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "cannot create SSH transport. Library was built without SSH support");
@@ -934,8 +969,7 @@ int git_transport_ssh_global_init(void)
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	git__on_shutdown(shutdown_ssh);
-	return 0;
+	return git_runtime_shutdown_register(shutdown_ssh);
 
 #else
 
diff --git a/src/transports/winhttp.c b/src/transports/winhttp.c
index ce1eb39..ea2195a 100644
--- a/src/transports/winhttp.c
+++ b/src/transports/winhttp.c
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 #include "smart.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "repository.h"
-#include "global.h"
 #include "http.h"
 #include "git2/sys/credential.h"
 
@@ -41,14 +40,22 @@
 #define WINHTTP_IGNORE_REQUEST_TOTAL_LENGTH 0
 #endif
 
-#ifndef WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE_PROTOCOL_TLS_1_1
+#ifndef WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE_PROTOCOL_TLS1_1
 # define WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE_PROTOCOL_TLS1_1 0x00000200
 #endif
 
-#ifndef WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE_PROTOCOL_TLS_1_2
+#ifndef WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE_PROTOCOL_TLS1_2
 # define WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE_PROTOCOL_TLS1_2 0x00000800
 #endif
 
+#ifndef WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE_PROTOCOL_TLS1_3
+# define WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE_PROTOCOL_TLS1_3 0x00002000
+#endif
+
+#ifndef WINHTTP_NO_CLIENT_CERT_CONTEXT
+# define WINHTTP_NO_CLIENT_CERT_CONTEXT NULL
+#endif
+
 #ifndef HTTP_STATUS_PERMANENT_REDIRECT
 # define HTTP_STATUS_PERMANENT_REDIRECT 308
 #endif
@@ -108,7 +115,8 @@ typedef struct {
 	DWORD post_body_len;
 	unsigned sent_request : 1,
 		received_response : 1,
-		chunked : 1;
+		chunked : 1,
+		status_sending_request_reached: 1;
 } winhttp_stream;
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -265,7 +273,7 @@ static int acquire_fallback_cred(
 				pISM->lpVtbl->Release(pISM);
 			}
 
-			/* Only unitialize if the call to CoInitializeEx was successful. */
+			/* Only uninitialize if the call to CoInitializeEx was successful. */
 			if (SUCCEEDED(hCoInitResult))
 				CoUninitialize();
 		}
@@ -448,8 +456,14 @@ static int winhttp_stream_connect(winhttp_stream *s)
 		git_buf_puts(&processed_url, t->proxy.url.scheme);
 		git_buf_PUTS(&processed_url, "://");
 
+		if (git_net_url_is_ipv6(&t->proxy.url))
+			git_buf_putc(&processed_url, '[');
+
 		git_buf_puts(&processed_url, t->proxy.url.host);
 
+		if (git_net_url_is_ipv6(&t->proxy.url))
+			git_buf_putc(&processed_url, ']');
+
 		if (!git_net_url_is_default_port(&t->proxy.url))
 			git_buf_printf(&processed_url, ":%s", t->proxy.url.port);
 
@@ -704,46 +718,54 @@ static void CALLBACK winhttp_status(
 	DWORD status;
 
 	GIT_UNUSED(connection);
-	GIT_UNUSED(ctx);
 	GIT_UNUSED(info_len);
 
-	if (code != WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_SECURE_FAILURE)
-		return;
-
-	status = *((DWORD *)info);
-
-	if ((status & WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_FLAG_CERT_CN_INVALID))
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "SSL certificate issued for different common name");
-	else if ((status & WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_FLAG_CERT_DATE_INVALID))
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "SSL certificate has expired");
-	else if ((status & WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_FLAG_INVALID_CA))
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "SSL certificate signed by unknown CA");
-	else if ((status & WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_FLAG_INVALID_CERT))
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "SSL certificate is invalid");
-	else if ((status & WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_FLAG_CERT_REV_FAILED))
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "certificate revocation check failed");
-	else if ((status & WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_FLAG_CERT_REVOKED))
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "SSL certificate was revoked");
-	else if ((status & WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_FLAG_SECURITY_CHANNEL_ERROR))
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "security libraries could not be loaded");
-	else
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "unknown security error %lu", status);
+	switch (code) {
+		case WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_SECURE_FAILURE:
+			status = *((DWORD *)info);
+
+			if ((status & WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_FLAG_CERT_CN_INVALID))
+				git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "SSL certificate issued for different common name");
+			else if ((status & WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_FLAG_CERT_DATE_INVALID))
+				git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "SSL certificate has expired");
+			else if ((status & WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_FLAG_INVALID_CA))
+				git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "SSL certificate signed by unknown CA");
+			else if ((status & WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_FLAG_INVALID_CERT))
+				git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "SSL certificate is invalid");
+			else if ((status & WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_FLAG_CERT_REV_FAILED))
+				git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "certificate revocation check failed");
+			else if ((status & WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_FLAG_CERT_REVOKED))
+				git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "SSL certificate was revoked");
+			else if ((status & WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_FLAG_SECURITY_CHANNEL_ERROR))
+				git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "security libraries could not be loaded");
+			else
+				git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_HTTP, "unknown security error %lu", status);
+
+			break;
+		
+		case WINHTTP_CALLBACK_STATUS_SENDING_REQUEST:
+			((winhttp_stream *) ctx)->status_sending_request_reached = 1;
+
+			break;
+	}
 }
 
 static int winhttp_connect(
 	winhttp_subtransport *t)
 {
-	wchar_t *wide_host;
+	wchar_t *wide_host = NULL;
 	int32_t port;
-	wchar_t *wide_ua;
-	git_buf ua = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	wchar_t *wide_ua = NULL;
+	git_buf ipv6 = GIT_BUF_INIT, ua = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	const char *host;
 	int error = -1;
 	int default_timeout = TIMEOUT_INFINITE;
 	int default_connect_timeout = DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT;
 	DWORD protocols =
 		WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE_PROTOCOL_TLS1 |
 		WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE_PROTOCOL_TLS1_1 |
-		WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE_PROTOCOL_TLS1_2;
+		WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE_PROTOCOL_TLS1_2 |
+		WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE_PROTOCOL_TLS1_3;
 
 	t->session = NULL;
 	t->connection = NULL;
@@ -751,29 +773,33 @@ static int winhttp_connect(
 	/* Prepare port */
 	if (git__strntol32(&port, t->server.url.port,
 			   strlen(t->server.url.port), NULL, 10) < 0)
-		return -1;
+		goto on_error;
+
+	/* IPv6? Add braces around the host. */
+	if (git_net_url_is_ipv6(&t->server.url)) {
+		if (git_buf_printf(&ipv6, "[%s]", t->server.url.host) < 0)
+			goto on_error;
+
+		host = ipv6.ptr;
+	} else {
+		host = t->server.url.host;
+	}
 
 	/* Prepare host */
-	if (git__utf8_to_16_alloc(&wide_host, t->server.url.host) < 0) {
+	if (git__utf8_to_16_alloc(&wide_host, host) < 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "unable to convert host to wide characters");
-		return -1;
+		goto on_error;
 	}
 
 
-	if ((error = git_http__user_agent(&ua)) < 0) {
-		git__free(wide_host);
-		return error;
-	}
+	if (git_http__user_agent(&ua) < 0)
+		goto on_error;
 
 	if (git__utf8_to_16_alloc(&wide_ua, git_buf_cstr(&ua)) < 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "unable to convert host to wide characters");
-		git__free(wide_host);
-		git_buf_dispose(&ua);
-		return -1;
+		goto on_error;
 	}
 
-	git_buf_dispose(&ua);
-
 	/* Establish session */
 	t->session = WinHttpOpen(
 		wide_ua,
@@ -788,14 +814,20 @@ static int winhttp_connect(
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Do a best-effort attempt to enable TLS 1.2 but allow this to
-	 * fail; if TLS 1.2 support is not available for some reason,
+	 * Do a best-effort attempt to enable TLS 1.3 and 1.2 but allow this to
+	 * fail; if TLS 1.2 or 1.3 support is not available for some reason,
 	 * ignore the failure (it will keep the default protocols).
 	 */
-	WinHttpSetOption(t->session,
+	if (WinHttpSetOption(t->session,
 		WINHTTP_OPTION_SECURE_PROTOCOLS,
 		&protocols,
-		sizeof(protocols));
+		sizeof(protocols)) == FALSE) {
+		protocols &= ~WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE_PROTOCOL_TLS1_3;
+		WinHttpSetOption(t->session,
+			WINHTTP_OPTION_SECURE_PROTOCOLS,
+			&protocols,
+			sizeof(protocols));
+	}
 
 	if (!WinHttpSetTimeouts(t->session, default_timeout, default_connect_timeout, default_timeout, default_timeout)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to set timeouts for WinHTTP");
@@ -815,7 +847,12 @@ static int winhttp_connect(
 		goto on_error;
 	}
 
-	if (WinHttpSetStatusCallback(t->connection, winhttp_status, WINHTTP_CALLBACK_FLAG_SECURE_FAILURE, 0) == WINHTTP_INVALID_STATUS_CALLBACK) {
+	if (WinHttpSetStatusCallback(
+			t->connection,
+			winhttp_status,
+			WINHTTP_CALLBACK_FLAG_SECURE_FAILURE | WINHTTP_CALLBACK_FLAG_SEND_REQUEST,
+			0
+		) == WINHTTP_INVALID_STATUS_CALLBACK) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to set status callback");
 		goto on_error;
 	}
@@ -826,6 +863,8 @@ on_error:
 	if (error < 0)
 		winhttp_close_connection(t);
 
+	git_buf_dispose(&ua);
+	git_buf_dispose(&ipv6);
 	git__free(wide_host);
 	git__free(wide_ua);
 
@@ -847,12 +886,12 @@ static int do_send_request(winhttp_stream *s, size_t len, bool chunked)
 			success = WinHttpSendRequest(s->request,
 				WINHTTP_NO_ADDITIONAL_HEADERS, 0,
 				WINHTTP_NO_REQUEST_DATA, 0,
-				WINHTTP_IGNORE_REQUEST_TOTAL_LENGTH, 0);
+				WINHTTP_IGNORE_REQUEST_TOTAL_LENGTH, (DWORD_PTR)s);
 		} else {
 			success = WinHttpSendRequest(s->request,
 				WINHTTP_NO_ADDITIONAL_HEADERS, 0,
 				WINHTTP_NO_REQUEST_DATA, 0,
-				(DWORD)len, 0);
+				(DWORD)len, (DWORD_PTR)s);
 		}
 
 		if (success || GetLastError() != (DWORD)SEC_E_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL)
@@ -864,42 +903,71 @@ static int do_send_request(winhttp_stream *s, size_t len, bool chunked)
 
 static int send_request(winhttp_stream *s, size_t len, bool chunked)
 {
-	int request_failed = 0, cert_valid = 1, error = 0;
-	DWORD ignore_flags;
+	int request_failed = 1, error, attempts = 0;
+	DWORD ignore_flags, send_request_error;
 
 	git_error_clear();
-	if ((error = do_send_request(s, len, chunked)) < 0) {
-		if (GetLastError() != ERROR_WINHTTP_SECURE_FAILURE) {
-			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to send request");
-			return -1;
-		}
 
-		request_failed = 1;
-		cert_valid = 0;
-	}
+	while (request_failed && attempts++ < 3) {
+		int cert_valid = 1;
+		int client_cert_requested = 0;
+		request_failed = 0;
+		if ((error = do_send_request(s, len, chunked)) < 0) {
+			send_request_error = GetLastError();
+			request_failed = 1;
+			switch (send_request_error) {
+				case ERROR_WINHTTP_SECURE_FAILURE:
+					cert_valid = 0;
+					break;
+				case ERROR_WINHTTP_CLIENT_AUTH_CERT_NEEDED:
+					client_cert_requested = 1;
+					break;
+				default:
+					git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to send request");
+					return -1;
+			}
+		}
 
-	git_error_clear();
-	if ((error = certificate_check(s, cert_valid)) < 0) {
-		if (!git_error_last())
-			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "user cancelled certificate check");
+		/*
+		 * Only check the certificate if we were able to reach the sending request phase, or
+		 * received a secure failure error. Otherwise, the server certificate won't be available
+		 * since the request wasn't able to complete (e.g. proxy auth required)
+		 */
+		if (!cert_valid ||
+			(!request_failed && s->status_sending_request_reached)) {
+			git_error_clear();
+			if ((error = certificate_check(s, cert_valid)) < 0) {
+				if (!git_error_last())
+					git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "user cancelled certificate check");
 
-		return error;
-	}
+				return error;
+			}
+		}
 
-	/* if neither the request nor the certificate check returned errors, we're done */
-	if (!request_failed)
-		return 0;
+		/* if neither the request nor the certificate check returned errors, we're done */
+		if (!request_failed)
+			return 0;
 
-	ignore_flags = no_check_cert_flags;
+		if (!cert_valid) {
+			ignore_flags = no_check_cert_flags;
+			if (!WinHttpSetOption(s->request, WINHTTP_OPTION_SECURITY_FLAGS, &ignore_flags, sizeof(ignore_flags))) {
+				git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to set security options");
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
 
-	if (!WinHttpSetOption(s->request, WINHTTP_OPTION_SECURITY_FLAGS, &ignore_flags, sizeof(ignore_flags))) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to set security options");
-		return -1;
+		if (client_cert_requested) {
+			/*
+			 * Client certificates are not supported, explicitly tell the server that
+			 * (it's possible a client certificate was requested but is not required)
+			 */
+			if (!WinHttpSetOption(s->request, WINHTTP_OPTION_CLIENT_CERT_CONTEXT, WINHTTP_NO_CLIENT_CERT_CONTEXT, 0)) {
+				git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to set client cert context");
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
-	if ((error = do_send_request(s, len, chunked)) < 0)
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "failed to send request with unchecked certificate");
-
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -993,7 +1061,7 @@ replay:
 		}
 
 		if (s->chunked) {
-			assert(s->verb == post_verb);
+			GIT_ASSERT(s->verb == post_verb);
 
 			/* Flush, if necessary */
 			if (s->chunk_buffer_len > 0 &&
@@ -1044,7 +1112,7 @@ replay:
 				}
 
 				len -= bytes_read;
-				assert(bytes_read == bytes_written);
+				GIT_ASSERT(bytes_read == bytes_written);
 			}
 
 			git__free(buffer);
@@ -1156,7 +1224,7 @@ replay:
 			if (error < 0) {
 				return error;
 			} else if (!error) {
-				assert(t->server.cred);
+				GIT_ASSERT(t->server.cred);
 				winhttp_stream_close(s);
 				goto replay;
 			}
@@ -1170,7 +1238,7 @@ replay:
 			if (error < 0) {
 				return error;
 			} else if (!error) {
-				assert(t->proxy.cred);
+				GIT_ASSERT(t->proxy.cred);
 				winhttp_stream_close(s);
 				goto replay;
 			}
@@ -1256,7 +1324,7 @@ static int winhttp_stream_write_single(
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	assert((DWORD)len == bytes_written);
+	GIT_ASSERT((DWORD)len == bytes_written);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1355,7 +1423,7 @@ static int winhttp_stream_write_buffered(
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	assert((DWORD)len == bytes_written);
+	GIT_ASSERT((DWORD)len == bytes_written);
 
 	s->post_body_len += bytes_written;
 
@@ -1562,7 +1630,7 @@ static int winhttp_action(
 			break;
 
 		default:
-			assert(0);
+			GIT_ASSERT(0);
 	}
 
 	if (!ret)
diff --git a/src/tree.c b/src/tree.c
index 48468df..b1df79e 100644
--- a/src/tree.c
+++ b/src/tree.c
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ GIT_INLINE(git_filemode_t) normalize_filemode(git_filemode_t filemode)
 static int valid_entry_name(git_repository *repo, const char *filename)
 {
 	return *filename != '\0' &&
-		git_path_isvalid(repo, filename, 0,
+		git_path_validate(repo, filename, 0,
 		GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL | GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT | GIT_PATH_REJECT_SLASH);
 }
 
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ int git_tree_entry_dup(git_tree_entry **dest, const git_tree_entry *source)
 {
 	git_tree_entry *cpy;
 
-	assert(source);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(source);
 
 	cpy = alloc_entry(source->filename, source->filename_len, source->oid);
 	if (cpy == NULL)
@@ -261,19 +261,19 @@ git_filemode_t git_tree_entry_filemode_raw(const git_tree_entry *entry)
 
 const char *git_tree_entry_name(const git_tree_entry *entry)
 {
-	assert(entry);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(entry, NULL);
 	return entry->filename;
 }
 
 const git_oid *git_tree_entry_id(const git_tree_entry *entry)
 {
-	assert(entry);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(entry, NULL);
 	return entry->oid;
 }
 
 git_object_t git_tree_entry_type(const git_tree_entry *entry)
 {
-	assert(entry);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(entry, GIT_OBJECT_INVALID);
 
 	if (S_ISGITLINK(entry->attr))
 		return GIT_OBJECT_COMMIT;
@@ -288,7 +288,9 @@ int git_tree_entry_to_object(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	const git_tree_entry *entry)
 {
-	assert(entry && object_out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(entry);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(object_out);
+
 	return git_object_lookup(object_out, repo, entry->oid, GIT_OBJECT_ANY);
 }
 
@@ -306,7 +308,8 @@ static const git_tree_entry *entry_fromname(
 const git_tree_entry *git_tree_entry_byname(
 	const git_tree *tree, const char *filename)
 {
-	assert(tree && filename);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(tree, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(filename, NULL);
 
 	return entry_fromname(tree, filename, strlen(filename));
 }
@@ -314,7 +317,7 @@ const git_tree_entry *git_tree_entry_byname(
 const git_tree_entry *git_tree_entry_byindex(
 	const git_tree *tree, size_t idx)
 {
-	assert(tree);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(tree, NULL);
 	return git_array_get(tree->entries, idx);
 }
 
@@ -324,7 +327,7 @@ const git_tree_entry *git_tree_entry_byid(
 	size_t i;
 	const git_tree_entry *e;
 
-	assert(tree);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(tree, NULL);
 
 	git_array_foreach(tree->entries, i, e) {
 		if (memcmp(&e->oid->id, &id->id, sizeof(id->id)) == 0)
@@ -336,13 +339,13 @@ const git_tree_entry *git_tree_entry_byid(
 
 size_t git_tree_entrycount(const git_tree *tree)
 {
-	assert(tree);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(tree, 0);
 	return tree->entries.size;
 }
 
 size_t git_treebuilder_entrycount(git_treebuilder *bld)
 {
-	assert(bld);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(bld, 0);
 
 	return git_strmap_size(bld->map);
 }
@@ -489,6 +492,56 @@ static int check_entry(git_repository *repo, const char *filename, const git_oid
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int git_treebuilder__write_with_buffer(
+	git_oid *oid,
+	git_treebuilder *bld,
+	git_buf *buf)
+{
+	int error = 0;
+	size_t i, entrycount;
+	git_odb *odb;
+	git_tree_entry *entry;
+	git_vector entries = GIT_VECTOR_INIT;
+
+	git_buf_clear(buf);
+
+	entrycount = git_strmap_size(bld->map);
+	if ((error = git_vector_init(&entries, entrycount, entry_sort_cmp)) < 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (buf->asize == 0 &&
+	    (error = git_buf_grow(buf, entrycount * 72)) < 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	git_strmap_foreach_value(bld->map, entry, {
+		if ((error = git_vector_insert(&entries, entry)) < 0)
+			goto out;
+	});
+
+	git_vector_sort(&entries);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < entries.length && !error; ++i) {
+		entry = git_vector_get(&entries, i);
+
+		git_buf_printf(buf, "%o ", entry->attr);
+		git_buf_put(buf, entry->filename, entry->filename_len + 1);
+		git_buf_put(buf, (char *)entry->oid->id, GIT_OID_RAWSZ);
+
+		if (git_buf_oom(buf)) {
+			error = -1;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ((error = git_repository_odb__weakptr(&odb, bld->repo)) == 0)
+		error = git_odb_write(oid, odb, buf->ptr, buf->size, GIT_OBJECT_TREE);
+
+out:
+	git_vector_free(&entries);
+
+	return error;
+}
+
 static int append_entry(
 	git_treebuilder *bld,
 	const char *filename,
@@ -607,7 +660,7 @@ static int write_tree(
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (git_treebuilder_write_with_buffer(oid, bld, shared_buf) < 0)
+	if (git_treebuilder__write_with_buffer(oid, bld, shared_buf) < 0)
 		goto on_error;
 
 	git_treebuilder_free(bld);
@@ -626,7 +679,9 @@ int git_tree__write_index(
 	git_buf shared_buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	bool old_ignore_case = false;
 
-	assert(oid && index && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(index);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	if (git_index_has_conflicts(index)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INDEX,
@@ -680,7 +735,8 @@ int git_treebuilder_new(
 	git_treebuilder *bld;
 	size_t i;
 
-	assert(builder_p && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(builder_p);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	bld = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_treebuilder));
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(bld);
@@ -723,7 +779,9 @@ int git_treebuilder_insert(
 	git_tree_entry *entry;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(bld && id && filename);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(bld);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(id);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(filename);
 
 	if ((error = check_entry(bld->repo, filename, id, filemode)) < 0)
 		return error;
@@ -751,7 +809,9 @@ int git_treebuilder_insert(
 
 static git_tree_entry *treebuilder_get(git_treebuilder *bld, const char *filename)
 {
-	assert(bld && filename);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(bld, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(filename, NULL);
+
 	return git_strmap_get(bld->map, filename);
 }
 
@@ -775,63 +835,10 @@ int git_treebuilder_remove(git_treebuilder *bld, const char *filename)
 
 int git_treebuilder_write(git_oid *oid, git_treebuilder *bld)
 {
-	int error;
-	git_buf buffer = GIT_BUF_INIT;
-
-	error = git_treebuilder_write_with_buffer(oid, bld, &buffer);
-
-	git_buf_dispose(&buffer);
-	return error;
-}
-
-int git_treebuilder_write_with_buffer(git_oid *oid, git_treebuilder *bld, git_buf *tree)
-{
-	int error = 0;
-	size_t i, entrycount;
-	git_odb *odb;
-	git_tree_entry *entry;
-	git_vector entries = GIT_VECTOR_INIT;
-
-	assert(bld);
-	assert(tree);
-
-	git_buf_clear(tree);
-
-	entrycount = git_strmap_size(bld->map);
-	if ((error = git_vector_init(&entries, entrycount, entry_sort_cmp)) < 0)
-		goto out;
-
-	if (tree->asize == 0 &&
-	    (error = git_buf_grow(tree, entrycount * 72)) < 0)
-		goto out;
-
-	git_strmap_foreach_value(bld->map, entry, {
-		if ((error = git_vector_insert(&entries, entry)) < 0)
-			goto out;
-	});
-
-	git_vector_sort(&entries);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(oid);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(bld);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < entries.length && !error; ++i) {
-		entry = git_vector_get(&entries, i);
-
-		git_buf_printf(tree, "%o ", entry->attr);
-		git_buf_put(tree, entry->filename, entry->filename_len + 1);
-		git_buf_put(tree, (char *)entry->oid->id, GIT_OID_RAWSZ);
-
-		if (git_buf_oom(tree)) {
-			error = -1;
-			goto out;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if ((error = git_repository_odb__weakptr(&odb, bld->repo)) == 0)
-		error = git_odb_write(oid, odb, tree->ptr, tree->size, GIT_OBJECT_TREE);
-
-out:
-	git_vector_free(&entries);
-
-	return error;
+	return git_treebuilder__write_with_buffer(oid, bld, &bld->write_cache);
 }
 
 int git_treebuilder_filter(
@@ -842,7 +849,8 @@ int git_treebuilder_filter(
 	const char *filename;
 	git_tree_entry *entry;
 
-	assert(bld && filter);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(bld);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(filter);
 
 	git_strmap_foreach(bld->map, filename, entry, {
 			if (filter(entry, payload)) {
@@ -858,7 +866,7 @@ int git_treebuilder_clear(git_treebuilder *bld)
 {
 	git_tree_entry *e;
 
-	assert(bld);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(bld);
 
 	git_strmap_foreach_value(bld->map, e, git_tree_entry_free(e));
 	git_strmap_clear(bld->map);
@@ -871,6 +879,7 @@ void git_treebuilder_free(git_treebuilder *bld)
 	if (bld == NULL)
 		return;
 
+	git_buf_dispose(&bld->write_cache);
 	git_treebuilder_clear(bld);
 	git_strmap_free(bld->map);
 	git__free(bld);
@@ -1174,10 +1183,10 @@ int git_tree_create_updated(git_oid *out, git_repository *repo, git_tree *baseli
 
 		for (j = 0; j < steps_up; j++) {
 			tree_stack_entry *current, *popped = git_array_pop(stack);
-			assert(popped);
+			GIT_ASSERT(popped);
 
 			current = git_array_last(stack);
-			assert(current);
+			GIT_ASSERT(current);
 
 			if ((error = create_popped_tree(current, popped, &component)) < 0)
 				goto cleanup;
@@ -1242,8 +1251,9 @@ int git_tree_create_updated(git_oid *out, git_repository *repo, git_tree *baseli
 			}
 			case GIT_TREE_UPDATE_REMOVE:
 			{
+				tree_stack_entry *last = git_array_last(stack);
 				char *basename = git_path_basename(update->path);
-				error = git_treebuilder_remove(git_array_last(stack)->bld, basename);
+				error = git_treebuilder_remove(last->bld, basename);
 				git__free(basename);
 				break;
 			}
@@ -1295,3 +1305,16 @@ cleanup:
 	git_vector_free(&entries);
 	return error;
 }
+
+/* Deprecated Functions */
+
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
+
+int git_treebuilder_write_with_buffer(git_oid *oid, git_treebuilder *bld, git_buf *buf)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(buf);
+
+	return git_treebuilder_write(oid, bld);
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/tree.h b/src/tree.h
index 973ba15..2f3027b 100644
--- a/src/tree.h
+++ b/src/tree.h
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ struct git_tree {
 struct git_treebuilder {
 	git_repository *repo;
 	git_strmap *map;
+	git_buf write_cache;
 };
 
 GIT_INLINE(bool) git_tree_entry__is_tree(const struct git_tree_entry *e)
diff --git a/src/tsort.c b/src/tsort.c
index 8d1ed97..045efad 100644
--- a/src/tsort.c
+++ b/src/tsort.c
@@ -29,8 +29,6 @@ static int binsearch(
 	int l, c, r;
 	void *lx, *cx;
 
-	assert(size > 0);
-
 	l = 0;
 	r = (int)size - 1;
 	c = r >> 1;
diff --git a/src/unix/map.c b/src/unix/map.c
index 7f9076e..88f283c 100644
--- a/src/unix/map.c
+++ b/src/unix/map.c
@@ -66,8 +66,10 @@ int p_mmap(git_map *out, size_t len, int prot, int flags, int fd, off64_t offset
 
 int p_munmap(git_map *map)
 {
-	assert(map != NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(map);
 	munmap(map->data, map->len);
+	map->data = NULL;
+	map->len = 0;
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/unix/posix.h b/src/unix/posix.h
index d1f9024..7b3325e 100644
--- a/src/unix/posix.h
+++ b/src/unix/posix.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ typedef int GIT_SOCKET;
 # define st_atime_nsec st_atim.tv_nsec
 # define st_mtime_nsec st_mtim.tv_nsec
 # define st_ctime_nsec st_ctim.tv_nsec
-#elif !defined(GIT_USE_STAT_MTIME_NSEC) && defined(GIT_USE_NEC)
+#elif !defined(GIT_USE_STAT_MTIME_NSEC) && defined(GIT_USE_NSEC)
 # error GIT_USE_NSEC defined but unknown struct stat nanosecond type
 #endif
 
@@ -62,11 +62,23 @@ GIT_INLINE(int) p_fsync(int fd)
 #define p_snprintf snprintf
 #define p_mkstemp(p) mkstemp(p)
 #define p_chdir(p) chdir(p)
-#define p_chmod(p,m) chmod(p, m)
 #define p_rmdir(p) rmdir(p)
 #define p_access(p,m) access(p,m)
 #define p_ftruncate(fd, sz) ftruncate(fd, sz)
 
+/*
+ * Pre-Android 5 did not implement a virtual filesystem atop FAT
+ * partitions for Unix permissions, which causes chmod to fail. However,
+ * Unix permissions have no effect on Android anyway as file permissions
+ * are not actually managed this way, so treating it as a no-op across
+ * all Android is safe.
+ */
+#ifdef __ANDROID__
+# define p_chmod(p,m) 0
+#else
+# define p_chmod(p,m) chmod(p, m)
+#endif
+
 /* see win32/posix.h for explanation about why this exists */
 #define p_lstat_posixly(p,b) lstat(p,b)
 
@@ -89,4 +101,7 @@ GIT_INLINE(int) p_futimes(int f, const struct p_timeval t[2])
 # define p_futimes futimes
 #endif
 
+#define p_pread(f, d, s, o) pread(f, d, s, o)
+#define p_pwrite(f, d, s, o) pwrite(f, d, s, o)
+
 #endif
diff --git a/src/unix/pthread.h b/src/unix/pthread.h
index 233561b..55f4ae2 100644
--- a/src/unix/pthread.h
+++ b/src/unix/pthread.h
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ typedef struct {
 	pthread_t thread;
 } git_thread;
 
-#define git_threads_init() (void)0
+GIT_INLINE(int) git_threads_global_init(void) { return 0; }
+
 #define git_thread_create(git_thread_ptr, start_routine, arg) \
 	pthread_create(&(git_thread_ptr)->thread, NULL, start_routine, arg)
 #define git_thread_join(git_thread_ptr, status) \
diff --git a/src/utf8.c b/src/utf8.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..77065cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utf8.c
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include "utf8.h"
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+/*
+ * git_utf8_iterate is taken from the utf8proc project,
+ * http://www.public-software-group.org/utf8proc
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2009 Public Software Group e. V., Berlin, Germany
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+ * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the ""Software""),
+ * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+ * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+ * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+ * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+ * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+static const uint8_t utf8proc_utf8class[256] = {
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
+	2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
+	3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
+	4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
+};
+
+static int utf8_charlen(const uint8_t *str, size_t str_len)
+{
+	uint8_t length;
+	size_t i;
+
+	length = utf8proc_utf8class[str[0]];
+	if (!length)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (str_len > 0 && length > str_len)
+		return -1;
+
+	for (i = 1; i < length; i++) {
+		if ((str[i] & 0xC0) != 0x80)
+			return -1;
+	}
+
+	return (int)length;
+}
+
+int git_utf8_iterate(uint32_t *out, const char *_str, size_t str_len)
+{
+	const uint8_t *str = (const uint8_t *)_str;
+	uint32_t uc = 0;
+	int length;
+
+	*out = 0;
+
+	if ((length = utf8_charlen(str, str_len)) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	switch (length) {
+		case 1:
+			uc = str[0];
+			break;
+		case 2:
+			uc = ((str[0] & 0x1F) <<  6) + (str[1] & 0x3F);
+			if (uc < 0x80) uc = -1;
+			break;
+		case 3:
+			uc = ((str[0] & 0x0F) << 12) + ((str[1] & 0x3F) <<  6)
+				+ (str[2] & 0x3F);
+			if (uc < 0x800 || (uc >= 0xD800 && uc < 0xE000) ||
+					(uc >= 0xFDD0 && uc < 0xFDF0)) uc = -1;
+			break;
+		case 4:
+			uc = ((str[0] & 0x07) << 18) + ((str[1] & 0x3F) << 12)
+				+ ((str[2] & 0x3F) <<  6) + (str[3] & 0x3F);
+			if (uc < 0x10000 || uc >= 0x110000) uc = -1;
+			break;
+		default:
+			return -1;
+	}
+
+	if ((uc & 0xFFFF) >= 0xFFFE)
+		return -1;
+
+	*out = uc;
+	return length;
+}
+
+size_t git_utf8_char_length(const char *_str, size_t str_len)
+{
+	const uint8_t *str = (const uint8_t *)_str;
+	size_t offset = 0, count = 0;
+
+	while (offset < str_len) {
+		int length = utf8_charlen(str + offset, str_len - offset);
+
+		if (length < 0)
+			length = 1;
+
+		offset += length;
+		count++;
+	}
+
+	return count;
+}
+
+size_t git_utf8_valid_buf_length(const char *_str, size_t str_len)
+{
+	const uint8_t *str = (const uint8_t *)_str;
+	size_t offset = 0;
+
+	while (offset < str_len) {
+		int length = utf8_charlen(str + offset, str_len - offset);
+
+		if (length < 0)
+			break;
+
+		offset += length;
+	}
+
+	return offset;
+}
diff --git a/src/utf8.h b/src/utf8.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dff91b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utf8.h
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+#ifndef INCLUDE_utf8_h__
+#define INCLUDE_utf8_h__
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+/*
+ * Iterate through an UTF-8 string, yielding one codepoint at a time.
+ *
+ * @param out pointer where to store the current codepoint
+ * @param str current position in the string
+ * @param str_len size left in the string
+ * @return length in bytes of the read codepoint; -1 if the codepoint was invalid
+ */
+extern int git_utf8_iterate(uint32_t *out, const char *str, size_t str_len);
+
+/**
+ * Returns the number of characters in the given string.
+ *
+ * This function will count invalid codepoints; if any given byte is
+ * not part of a valid UTF-8 codepoint, then it will be counted toward
+ * the length in characters.
+ *
+ * In other words:
+ *   0x24 (U+0024 "$") has length 1
+ *   0xc2 0xa2 (U+00A2 "¢") has length 1
+ *   0x24 0xc2 0xa2 (U+0024 U+00A2 "$¢") has length 2
+ *   0xf0 0x90 0x8d 0x88 (U+10348 "ðˆ") has length 1
+ *   0x24 0xc0 0xc1 0x34 (U+0024 <invalid> <invalid> "4) has length 4
+ *
+ * @param str string to scan
+ * @param str_len size of the string
+ * @return length in characters of the string
+ */
+extern size_t git_utf8_char_length(const char *str, size_t str_len);
+
+/**
+ * Iterate through an UTF-8 string and stops after finding any invalid UTF-8
+ * codepoints.
+ *
+ * @param str string to scan
+ * @param str_len size of the string
+ * @return length in bytes of the string that contains valid data
+ */
+extern size_t git_utf8_valid_buf_length(const char *str, size_t str_len);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/util.c b/src/util.c
index 859e0a8..c7af296 100644
--- a/src/util.c
+++ b/src/util.c
@@ -13,6 +13,11 @@
 # include "win32/utf-conv.h"
 # include "win32/w32_buffer.h"
 
+# ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#  define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+# endif
+# include <windows.h>
+
 # ifdef HAVE_QSORT_S
 #  include <search.h>
 # endif
@@ -22,57 +27,15 @@
 # include <Shlwapi.h>
 #endif
 
-void git_strarray_free(git_strarray *array)
-{
-	size_t i;
-
-	if (array == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < array->count; ++i)
-		git__free(array->strings[i]);
-
-	git__free(array->strings);
-
-	memset(array, 0, sizeof(*array));
-}
-
-int git_strarray_copy(git_strarray *tgt, const git_strarray *src)
-{
-	size_t i;
-
-	assert(tgt && src);
-
-	memset(tgt, 0, sizeof(*tgt));
-
-	if (!src->count)
-		return 0;
-
-	tgt->strings = git__calloc(src->count, sizeof(char *));
-	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC(tgt->strings);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < src->count; ++i) {
-		if (!src->strings[i])
-			continue;
-
-		tgt->strings[tgt->count] = git__strdup(src->strings[i]);
-		if (!tgt->strings[tgt->count]) {
-			git_strarray_free(tgt);
-			memset(tgt, 0, sizeof(*tgt));
-			return -1;
-		}
-
-		tgt->count++;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
+#if defined(hpux) || defined(__hpux) || defined(_hpux)
+# include <sys/pstat.h>
+#endif
 
 int git__strntol64(int64_t *result, const char *nptr, size_t nptr_len, const char **endptr, int base)
 {
 	const char *p;
-	int64_t n, nn;
-	int c, ovfl, v, neg, ndig;
+	int64_t n, nn, v;
+	int c, ovfl, neg, ndig;
 
 	p = nptr;
 	neg = 0;
@@ -147,19 +110,11 @@ int git__strntol64(int64_t *result, const char *nptr, size_t nptr_len, const cha
 		if (v >= base)
 			break;
 		v = neg ? -v : v;
-		if (n > INT64_MAX / base || n < INT64_MIN / base) {
-			ovfl = 1;
-			/* Keep on iterating until the end of this number */
-			continue;
-		}
-		nn = n * base;
-		if ((v > 0 && nn > INT64_MAX - v) ||
-		    (v < 0 && nn < INT64_MIN - v)) {
+		if (git__multiply_int64_overflow(&nn, n, base) || git__add_int64_overflow(&n, nn, v)) {
 			ovfl = 1;
 			/* Keep on iterating until the end of this number */
 			continue;
 		}
-		n = nn + v;
 	}
 
 Return:
@@ -424,35 +379,48 @@ void git__hexdump(const char *buffer, size_t len)
 	last_line = (len % LINE_WIDTH);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < line_count; ++i) {
+		printf("%08" PRIxZ "  ", (i * LINE_WIDTH));
+
 		line = buffer + (i * LINE_WIDTH);
-		for (j = 0; j < LINE_WIDTH; ++j, ++line)
-			printf("%02X ", (unsigned char)*line & 0xFF);
+		for (j = 0; j < LINE_WIDTH; ++j, ++line) {
+			printf("%02x ", (unsigned char)*line & 0xFF);
+
+			if (j == (LINE_WIDTH / 2))
+				printf(" ");
+		}
 
-		printf("| ");
+		printf(" |");
 
 		line = buffer + (i * LINE_WIDTH);
 		for (j = 0; j < LINE_WIDTH; ++j, ++line)
 			printf("%c", (*line >= 32 && *line <= 126) ? *line : '.');
 
-		printf("\n");
+		printf("|\n");
 	}
 
 	if (last_line > 0) {
+		printf("%08" PRIxZ "  ", (line_count * LINE_WIDTH));
 
 		line = buffer + (line_count * LINE_WIDTH);
-		for (j = 0; j < last_line; ++j, ++line)
-			printf("%02X ", (unsigned char)*line & 0xFF);
+		for (j = 0; j < last_line; ++j, ++line) {
+			printf("%02x ", (unsigned char)*line & 0xFF);
+
+			if (j == (LINE_WIDTH / 2))
+				printf(" ");
+		}
 
+		if (j < (LINE_WIDTH / 2))
+			printf(" ");
 		for (j = 0; j < (LINE_WIDTH - last_line); ++j)
-			printf("	");
+			printf("   ");
 
-		printf("| ");
+		printf(" |");
 
 		line = buffer + (line_count * LINE_WIDTH);
 		for (j = 0; j < last_line; ++j, ++line)
 			printf("%c", (*line >= 32 && *line <= 126) ? *line : '.');
 
-		printf("\n");
+		printf("|\n");
 	}
 
 	printf("\n");
@@ -711,7 +679,7 @@ typedef struct {
 	void *payload;
 } git__qsort_r_glue;
 
-static int GIT_STDLIB_CALL git__qsort_r_glue_cmp(
+static int GIT_LIBGIT2_CALL git__qsort_r_glue_cmp(
 	void *payload, const void *a, const void *b)
 {
 	git__qsort_r_glue *glue = payload;
@@ -766,123 +734,6 @@ void git__qsort_r(
 #endif
 }
 
-/*
- * git__utf8_iterate is taken from the utf8proc project,
- * http://www.public-software-group.org/utf8proc
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2009 Public Software Group e. V., Berlin, Germany
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
- * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the ""Software""),
- * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
- * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
- * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
- * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
- * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
- * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
- */
-
-static const int8_t utf8proc_utf8class[256] = {
-	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
-	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
-	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
-	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
-	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
-	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
-	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
-	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
-	2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
-	3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
-	4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
-};
-
-int git__utf8_charlen(const uint8_t *str, size_t str_len)
-{
-	size_t length, i;
-
-	length = utf8proc_utf8class[str[0]];
-	if (!length)
-		return -1;
-
-	if (str_len > 0 && length > str_len)
-		return -1;
-
-	for (i = 1; i < length; i++) {
-		if ((str[i] & 0xC0) != 0x80)
-			return -1;
-	}
-
-	return (int)length;
-}
-
-int git__utf8_iterate(const uint8_t *str, int str_len, int32_t *dst)
-{
-	int length;
-	int32_t uc = -1;
-
-	*dst = -1;
-	length = git__utf8_charlen(str, str_len);
-	if (length < 0)
-		return -1;
-
-	switch (length) {
-		case 1:
-			uc = str[0];
-			break;
-		case 2:
-			uc = ((str[0] & 0x1F) <<  6) + (str[1] & 0x3F);
-			if (uc < 0x80) uc = -1;
-			break;
-		case 3:
-			uc = ((str[0] & 0x0F) << 12) + ((str[1] & 0x3F) <<  6)
-				+ (str[2] & 0x3F);
-			if (uc < 0x800 || (uc >= 0xD800 && uc < 0xE000) ||
-					(uc >= 0xFDD0 && uc < 0xFDF0)) uc = -1;
-			break;
-		case 4:
-			uc = ((str[0] & 0x07) << 18) + ((str[1] & 0x3F) << 12)
-				+ ((str[2] & 0x3F) <<  6) + (str[3] & 0x3F);
-			if (uc < 0x10000 || uc >= 0x110000) uc = -1;
-			break;
-	}
-
-	if (uc < 0 || ((uc & 0xFFFF) >= 0xFFFE))
-		return -1;
-
-	*dst = uc;
-	return length;
-}
-
-size_t git__utf8_valid_buf_length(const uint8_t *str, size_t str_len)
-{
-	size_t offset = 0;
-
-	while (offset < str_len) {
-		int length = git__utf8_charlen(str + offset, str_len - offset);
-
-		if (length < 0)
-			break;
-
-		offset += length;
-	}
-
-	return offset;
-}
-
 #ifdef GIT_WIN32
 int git__getenv(git_buf *out, const char *name)
 {
@@ -926,3 +777,43 @@ int git__getenv(git_buf *out, const char *name)
 	return git_buf_puts(out, val);
 }
 #endif
+
+/*
+ * By doing this in two steps we can at least get
+ * the function to be somewhat coherent, even
+ * with this disgusting nest of #ifdefs.
+ */
+#ifndef _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN
+#	ifdef _SC_NPROC_ONLN
+#		define _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN _SC_NPROC_ONLN
+#	elif defined _SC_CRAY_NCPU
+#		define _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN _SC_CRAY_NCPU
+#	endif
+#endif
+
+int git__online_cpus(void)
+{
+#ifdef _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN
+	long ncpus;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	SYSTEM_INFO info;
+	GetSystemInfo(&info);
+
+	if ((int)info.dwNumberOfProcessors > 0)
+		return (int)info.dwNumberOfProcessors;
+#elif defined(hpux) || defined(__hpux) || defined(_hpux)
+	struct pst_dynamic psd;
+
+	if (!pstat_getdynamic(&psd, sizeof(psd), (size_t)1, 0))
+		return (int)psd.psd_proc_cnt;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN
+	if ((ncpus = (long)sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN)) > 0)
+		return (int)ncpus;
+#endif
+
+	return 1;
+}
diff --git a/src/util.h b/src/util.h
index b49850d..a773536 100644
--- a/src/util.h
+++ b/src/util.h
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@
 #include "buffer.h"
 #include "common.h"
 #include "strnlen.h"
-#include "thread-utils.h"
+#include "thread.h"
 
 #define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x)/sizeof(x[0]))
 #define bitsizeof(x) (CHAR_BIT * sizeof(x))
-#define MSB(x, bits) ((x) & (~0ULL << (bitsizeof(x) - (bits))))
+#define MSB(x, bits) ((x) & (~UINT64_C(0) << (bitsizeof(x) - (bits))))
 #ifndef min
 # define min(a,b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
 #endif
@@ -169,29 +169,29 @@ extern int git__strncasecmp(const char *a, const char *b, size_t sz);
 extern int git__strcasesort_cmp(const char *a, const char *b);
 
 typedef struct {
-	git_atomic refcount;
+	git_atomic32 refcount;
 	void *owner;
 } git_refcount;
 
 typedef void (*git_refcount_freeptr)(void *r);
 
 #define GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(r) { \
-	git_atomic_inc(&(r)->rc.refcount);	\
+	git_atomic32_inc(&(r)->rc.refcount);	\
 }
 
 #define GIT_REFCOUNT_DEC(_r, do_free) { \
 	git_refcount *r = &(_r)->rc; \
-	int val = git_atomic_dec(&r->refcount); \
+	int val = git_atomic32_dec(&r->refcount); \
 	if (val <= 0 && r->owner == NULL) { do_free(_r); } \
 }
 
 #define GIT_REFCOUNT_OWN(r, o) { \
-	(r)->rc.owner = o; \
+	(void)git_atomic_swap((r)->rc.owner, o); \
 }
 
-#define GIT_REFCOUNT_OWNER(r) ((r)->rc.owner)
+#define GIT_REFCOUNT_OWNER(r) git_atomic_load((r)->rc.owner)
 
-#define GIT_REFCOUNT_VAL(r) git_atomic_get((r)->rc.refcount)
+#define GIT_REFCOUNT_VAL(r) git_atomic32_get((r)->rc.refcount)
 
 
 static signed char from_hex[] = {
@@ -317,27 +317,6 @@ extern int git__date_rfc2822_fmt(char *out, size_t len, const git_time *date);
 extern size_t git__unescape(char *str);
 
 /*
- * Iterate through an UTF-8 string, yielding one
- * codepoint at a time.
- *
- * @param str current position in the string
- * @param str_len size left in the string; -1 if the string is NULL-terminated
- * @param dst pointer where to store the current codepoint
- * @return length in bytes of the read codepoint; -1 if the codepoint was invalid
- */
-extern int git__utf8_iterate(const uint8_t *str, int str_len, int32_t *dst);
-
-/*
- * Iterate through an UTF-8 string and stops after finding any invalid UTF-8
- * codepoints.
- *
- * @param str string to scan
- * @param str_len size of the string
- * @return length in bytes of the string that contains valid data
- */
-extern size_t git__utf8_valid_buf_length(const uint8_t *str, size_t str_len);
-
-/*
  * Safely zero-out memory, making sure that the compiler
  * doesn't optimize away the operation.
  */
@@ -380,7 +359,7 @@ GIT_INLINE(double) git__timer(void)
    return (double)time * scaling_factor / 1.0E9;
 }
 
-#elif defined(AMIGA)
+#elif defined(__amigaos4__)
 
 #include <proto/timer.h>
 
@@ -397,23 +376,27 @@ GIT_INLINE(double) git__timer(void)
 
 GIT_INLINE(double) git__timer(void)
 {
-	struct timespec tp;
+	struct timeval tv;
 
-	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tp) == 0) {
+#ifdef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+	struct timespec tp;
+	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tp) == 0)
 		return (double) tp.tv_sec + (double) tp.tv_nsec / 1.0E9;
-	} else {
-		/* Fall back to using gettimeofday */
-		struct timeval tv;
-		struct timezone tz;
-		gettimeofday(&tv, &tz);
-		return (double)tv.tv_sec + (double)tv.tv_usec / 1.0E6;
-	}
+#endif
+
+	/* Fall back to using gettimeofday */
+	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
+	return (double)tv.tv_sec + (double)tv.tv_usec / 1.0E6;
 }
 
 #endif
 
 extern int git__getenv(git_buf *out, const char *name);
 
+extern int git__online_cpus(void);
+
+GIT_INLINE(int) git__noop(void) { return 0; }
+
 #include "alloc.h"
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/vector.c b/src/vector.c
index b51e764..4a4bc8c 100644
--- a/src/vector.c
+++ b/src/vector.c
@@ -53,7 +53,8 @@ int git_vector_size_hint(git_vector *v, size_t size_hint)
 
 int git_vector_dup(git_vector *v, const git_vector *src, git_vector_cmp cmp)
 {
-	assert(v && src);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(v);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(src);
 
 	v->_alloc_size = 0;
 	v->contents = NULL;
@@ -77,7 +78,8 @@ int git_vector_dup(git_vector *v, const git_vector *src, git_vector_cmp cmp)
 
 void git_vector_free(git_vector *v)
 {
-	assert(v);
+	if (!v)
+		return;
 
 	git__free(v->contents);
 	v->contents = NULL;
@@ -90,7 +92,8 @@ void git_vector_free_deep(git_vector *v)
 {
 	size_t i;
 
-	assert(v);
+	if (!v)
+		return;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < v->length; ++i) {
 		git__free(v->contents[i]);
@@ -102,7 +105,7 @@ void git_vector_free_deep(git_vector *v)
 
 int git_vector_init(git_vector *v, size_t initial_size, git_vector_cmp cmp)
 {
-	assert(v);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(v);
 
 	v->_alloc_size = 0;
 	v->_cmp = cmp;
@@ -131,7 +134,7 @@ void **git_vector_detach(size_t *size, size_t *asize, git_vector *v)
 
 int git_vector_insert(git_vector *v, void *element)
 {
-	assert(v);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(v);
 
 	if (v->length >= v->_alloc_size &&
 		resize_vector(v, compute_new_size(v)) < 0)
@@ -150,7 +153,8 @@ int git_vector_insert_sorted(
 	int result;
 	size_t pos;
 
-	assert(v && v->_cmp);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(v);
+	GIT_ASSERT(v->_cmp);
 
 	if (!git_vector_is_sorted(v))
 		git_vector_sort(v);
@@ -180,8 +184,6 @@ int git_vector_insert_sorted(
 
 void git_vector_sort(git_vector *v)
 {
-	assert(v);
-
 	if (git_vector_is_sorted(v) || !v->_cmp)
 		return;
 
@@ -196,7 +198,9 @@ int git_vector_bsearch2(
 	git_vector_cmp key_lookup,
 	const void *key)
 {
-	assert(v && key && key_lookup);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(v);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(key);
+	GIT_ASSERT(key_lookup);
 
 	/* need comparison function to sort the vector */
 	if (!v->_cmp)
@@ -212,7 +216,9 @@ int git_vector_search2(
 {
 	size_t i;
 
-	assert(v && key && key_lookup);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(v);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(key);
+	GIT_ASSERT(key_lookup);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < v->length; ++i) {
 		if (key_lookup(key, v->contents[i]) == 0) {
@@ -240,7 +246,7 @@ int git_vector_remove(git_vector *v, size_t idx)
 {
 	size_t shift_count;
 
-	assert(v);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(v);
 
 	if (idx >= v->length)
 		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
@@ -303,7 +309,6 @@ void git_vector_remove_matching(
 
 void git_vector_clear(git_vector *v)
 {
-	assert(v);
 	v->length = 0;
 	git_vector_set_sorted(v, 1);
 }
@@ -312,8 +317,6 @@ void git_vector_swap(git_vector *a, git_vector *b)
 {
 	git_vector t;
 
-	assert(a && b);
-
 	if (a != b) {
 		memcpy(&t, a, sizeof(t));
 		memcpy(a, b, sizeof(t));
@@ -340,7 +343,8 @@ int git_vector_insert_null(git_vector *v, size_t idx, size_t insert_len)
 {
 	size_t new_length;
 
-	assert(insert_len > 0 && idx <= v->length);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(insert_len > 0);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(idx <= v->length);
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&new_length, v->length, insert_len);
 
@@ -359,13 +363,13 @@ int git_vector_remove_range(git_vector *v, size_t idx, size_t remove_len)
 {
 	size_t new_length = v->length - remove_len;
 	size_t end_idx = 0;
-	
-	assert(remove_len > 0);
+
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(remove_len > 0);
 
 	if (git__add_sizet_overflow(&end_idx, idx, remove_len))
-		assert(0);
+		GIT_ASSERT(0);
 
-	assert(end_idx <= v->length);
+	GIT_ASSERT(end_idx <= v->length);
 
 	if (end_idx < v->length)
 		memmove(&v->contents[idx], &v->contents[end_idx],
diff --git a/src/vector.h b/src/vector.h
index cc4c314..3dcec3d 100644
--- a/src/vector.h
+++ b/src/vector.h
@@ -26,11 +26,13 @@ typedef struct git_vector {
 
 #define GIT_VECTOR_INIT {0}
 
-int git_vector_init(git_vector *v, size_t initial_size, git_vector_cmp cmp);
+GIT_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int git_vector_init(
+	git_vector *v, size_t initial_size, git_vector_cmp cmp);
 void git_vector_free(git_vector *v);
 void git_vector_free_deep(git_vector *v); /* free each entry and self */
 void git_vector_clear(git_vector *v);
-int git_vector_dup(git_vector *v, const git_vector *src, git_vector_cmp cmp);
+GIT_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int git_vector_dup(
+	git_vector *v, const git_vector *src, git_vector_cmp cmp);
 void git_vector_swap(git_vector *a, git_vector *b);
 int git_vector_size_hint(git_vector *v, size_t size_hint);
 
diff --git a/src/win32/findfile.c b/src/win32/findfile.c
index 7f077e1..f541a03 100644
--- a/src/win32/findfile.c
+++ b/src/win32/findfile.c
@@ -53,7 +53,9 @@ static wchar_t* win32_walkpath(wchar_t *path, wchar_t *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
 	wchar_t term, *base = path;
 
-	assert(path && buf && buflen);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(path, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(buf, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(buflen, NULL);
 
 	term = (*path == L'"') ? *path++ : L';';
 
@@ -109,7 +111,7 @@ static int win32_find_git_in_registry(
 	HKEY hKey;
 	int error = GIT_ENOTFOUND;
 
-	assert(buf);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(buf);
 
 	if (!RegOpenKeyExW(hive, key, 0, KEY_READ, &hKey)) {
 		DWORD dwType, cbData;
diff --git a/src/win32/git2.rc b/src/win32/git2.rc
index 3571bc6..d273afd 100644
--- a/src/win32/git2.rc
+++ b/src/win32/git2.rc
@@ -2,14 +2,29 @@
 #include "../../include/git2/version.h"
 
 #ifndef LIBGIT2_FILENAME
-# define LIBGIT2_FILENAME "git2"
+# ifdef __GNUC__
+#  define LIBGIT2_FILENAME git2
+# else
+#  define LIBGIT2_FILENAME "git2"
+# endif
 #endif
 
 #ifndef LIBGIT2_COMMENTS
 # define LIBGIT2_COMMENTS "For more information visit http://libgit2.github.com/"
 #endif
 
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+# define _STR(x) #x
+# define STR(x) _STR(x)
+#else
+# define STR(x) x
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+VS_VERSION_INFO		VERSIONINFO
+#else
 VS_VERSION_INFO		VERSIONINFO	MOVEABLE IMPURE LOADONCALL DISCARDABLE
+#endif
   FILEVERSION		LIBGIT2_VER_MAJOR,LIBGIT2_VER_MINOR,LIBGIT2_VER_REVISION,LIBGIT2_VER_PATCH
   PRODUCTVERSION	LIBGIT2_VER_MAJOR,LIBGIT2_VER_MINOR,LIBGIT2_VER_REVISION,LIBGIT2_VER_PATCH
   FILEFLAGSMASK		VS_FFI_FILEFLAGSMASK
@@ -29,9 +44,9 @@ BEGIN
     BEGIN
       VALUE "FileDescription",	"libgit2 - the Git linkable library\0"
       VALUE "FileVersion",	LIBGIT2_VERSION "\0"
-      VALUE "InternalName",	LIBGIT2_FILENAME ".dll\0"
+      VALUE "InternalName",	STR(LIBGIT2_FILENAME) ".dll\0"
       VALUE "LegalCopyright",	"Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.\0"
-      VALUE "OriginalFilename",	LIBGIT2_FILENAME ".dll\0"
+      VALUE "OriginalFilename",	STR(LIBGIT2_FILENAME) ".dll\0"
       VALUE "ProductName",	"libgit2\0"
       VALUE "ProductVersion",	LIBGIT2_VERSION "\0"
       VALUE "Comments",		LIBGIT2_COMMENTS "\0"
diff --git a/src/win32/map.c b/src/win32/map.c
index e2ce737..2aabc9b 100644
--- a/src/win32/map.c
+++ b/src/win32/map.c
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ int p_munmap(git_map *map)
 {
 	int error = 0;
 
-	assert(map != NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(map);
 
 	if (map->data) {
 		if (!UnmapViewOfFile(map->data)) {
diff --git a/src/win32/msvc-compat.h b/src/win32/msvc-compat.h
index 4cf471f..03f9f36 100644
--- a/src/win32/msvc-compat.h
+++ b/src/win32/msvc-compat.h
@@ -23,6 +23,14 @@ typedef SSIZE_T ssize_t;
 
 #endif
 
-#define GIT_STDLIB_CALL __cdecl
+/*
+ * Offer GIT_LIBGIT2_CALL for our calling conventions (__cdecl, always).
+ * This is useful for providing callbacks to userspace code.
+ *
+ * Offer GIT_SYSTEM_CALL for the system calling conventions (__stdcall on
+ * Win32).  Useful for providing callbacks to system libraries.
+ */
+#define GIT_LIBGIT2_CALL __cdecl
+#define GIT_SYSTEM_CALL NTAPI
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/win32/path_w32.c b/src/win32/path_w32.c
index eda85ab..e6640c8 100644
--- a/src/win32/path_w32.c
+++ b/src/win32/path_w32.c
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@
 #define path__is_unc(p) \
 	(((p)[0] == '\\' && (p)[1] == '\\') || ((p)[0] == '/' && (p)[1] == '/'))
 
+#define path__startswith_slash(p) \
+	((p)[0] == '\\' || (p)[0] == '/')
+
 GIT_INLINE(int) path__cwd(wchar_t *path, int size)
 {
 	int len;
@@ -148,7 +151,7 @@ int git_win32_path_canonicalize(git_win32_path path)
 	return (int)(to - path);
 }
 
-int git_win32_path__cwd(wchar_t *out, size_t len)
+static int win32_path_cwd(wchar_t *out, size_t len)
 {
 	int cwd_len;
 
@@ -167,7 +170,7 @@ int git_win32_path__cwd(wchar_t *out, size_t len)
 		 * '\'s, but we we add a 'UNC' specifier to the path, plus
 		 * a trailing directory separator, plus a NUL.
 		 */
-		if (cwd_len > MAX_PATH - 4) {
+		if (cwd_len > GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX - 4) {
 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
 			return -1;
 		}
@@ -184,7 +187,7 @@ int git_win32_path__cwd(wchar_t *out, size_t len)
 	 * working directory.  (One character for the directory separator,
 	 * one for the null.
 	 */
-	else if (cwd_len > MAX_PATH - 2) {
+	else if (cwd_len > GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX - 2) {
 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
 		return -1;
 	}
@@ -202,13 +205,13 @@ int git_win32_path_from_utf8(git_win32_path out, const char *src)
 
 	/* See if this is an absolute path (beginning with a drive letter) */
 	if (git_path_is_absolute(src)) {
-		if (git__utf8_to_16(dest, MAX_PATH, src) < 0)
+		if (git__utf8_to_16(dest, GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX, src) < 0)
 			goto on_error;
 	}
 	/* File-prefixed NT-style paths beginning with \\?\ */
 	else if (path__is_nt_namespace(src)) {
 		/* Skip the NT prefix, the destination already contains it */
-		if (git__utf8_to_16(dest, MAX_PATH, src + PATH__NT_NAMESPACE_LEN) < 0)
+		if (git__utf8_to_16(dest, GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX, src + PATH__NT_NAMESPACE_LEN) < 0)
 			goto on_error;
 	}
 	/* UNC paths */
@@ -217,12 +220,12 @@ int git_win32_path_from_utf8(git_win32_path out, const char *src)
 		dest += 4;
 
 		/* Skip the leading "\\" */
-		if (git__utf8_to_16(dest, MAX_PATH - 2, src + 2) < 0)
+		if (git__utf8_to_16(dest, GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX - 2, src + 2) < 0)
 			goto on_error;
 	}
 	/* Absolute paths omitting the drive letter */
-	else if (src[0] == '\\' || src[0] == '/') {
-		if (path__cwd(dest, MAX_PATH) < 0)
+	else if (path__startswith_slash(src)) {
+		if (path__cwd(dest, GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX) < 0)
 			goto on_error;
 
 		if (!git_path_is_absolute(dest)) {
@@ -231,19 +234,19 @@ int git_win32_path_from_utf8(git_win32_path out, const char *src)
 		}
 
 		/* Skip the drive letter specification ("C:") */
-		if (git__utf8_to_16(dest + 2, MAX_PATH - 2, src) < 0)
+		if (git__utf8_to_16(dest + 2, GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX - 2, src) < 0)
 			goto on_error;
 	}
 	/* Relative paths */
 	else {
 		int cwd_len;
 
-		if ((cwd_len = git_win32_path__cwd(dest, MAX_PATH)) < 0)
+		if ((cwd_len = win32_path_cwd(dest, GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX)) < 0)
 			goto on_error;
 
 		dest[cwd_len++] = L'\\';
 
-		if (git__utf8_to_16(dest + cwd_len, MAX_PATH - cwd_len, src) < 0)
+		if (git__utf8_to_16(dest + cwd_len, GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX - cwd_len, src) < 0)
 			goto on_error;
 	}
 
@@ -257,6 +260,30 @@ on_error:
 	return -1;
 }
 
+int git_win32_path_relative_from_utf8(git_win32_path out, const char *src)
+{
+	wchar_t *dest = out, *p;
+	int len;
+
+	/* Handle absolute paths */
+	if (git_path_is_absolute(src) ||
+	    path__is_nt_namespace(src) ||
+	    path__is_unc(src) ||
+	    path__startswith_slash(src)) {
+		return git_win32_path_from_utf8(out, src);
+	}
+
+	if ((len = git__utf8_to_16(dest, GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX, src)) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	for (p = dest; p < (dest + len); p++) {
+		if (*p == L'/')
+			*p = L'\\';
+	}
+
+	return len;
+}
+
 int git_win32_path_to_utf8(git_win32_utf8_path dest, const wchar_t *src)
 {
 	char *out = dest;
@@ -354,14 +381,14 @@ int git_win32_path_readlink_w(git_win32_path dest, const git_win32_path path)
 
 	switch (reparse_buf->ReparseTag) {
 	case IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK:
-		target = reparse_buf->SymbolicLinkReparseBuffer.PathBuffer +
-			(reparse_buf->SymbolicLinkReparseBuffer.SubstituteNameOffset / sizeof(WCHAR));
-		target_len = reparse_buf->SymbolicLinkReparseBuffer.SubstituteNameLength / sizeof(WCHAR);
+		target = reparse_buf->ReparseBuffer.SymbolicLink.PathBuffer +
+			(reparse_buf->ReparseBuffer.SymbolicLink.SubstituteNameOffset / sizeof(WCHAR));
+		target_len = reparse_buf->ReparseBuffer.SymbolicLink.SubstituteNameLength / sizeof(WCHAR);
 	break;
 	case IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT:
-		target = reparse_buf->MountPointReparseBuffer.PathBuffer +
-			(reparse_buf->MountPointReparseBuffer.SubstituteNameOffset / sizeof(WCHAR));
-		target_len = reparse_buf->MountPointReparseBuffer.SubstituteNameLength / sizeof(WCHAR);
+		target = reparse_buf->ReparseBuffer.MountPoint.PathBuffer +
+			(reparse_buf->ReparseBuffer.MountPoint.SubstituteNameOffset / sizeof(WCHAR));
+		target_len = reparse_buf->ReparseBuffer.MountPoint.SubstituteNameLength / sizeof(WCHAR);
 	break;
 	default:
 		errno = EINVAL;
@@ -465,14 +492,12 @@ size_t git_win32_path_remove_namespace(wchar_t *str, size_t len)
 		prefix_len = CONST_STRLEN(unc_prefix);
 	}
 
-	if (remainder) {
-		/*
-		 * Sanity check that the new string isn't longer than the old one.
-		 * (This could only happen due to programmer error introducing a
-		 * prefix longer than the namespace it replaces.)
-		 */
-		assert(len >= remainder_len + prefix_len);
-
+	/*
+	 * Sanity check that the new string isn't longer than the old one.
+	 * (This could only happen due to programmer error introducing a
+	 * prefix longer than the namespace it replaces.)
+	 */
+	if (remainder && len >= remainder_len + prefix_len) {
 		if (prefix)
 			memmove(str, prefix, prefix_len * sizeof(wchar_t));
 
diff --git a/src/win32/path_w32.h b/src/win32/path_w32.h
index afd0aa1..4fadf8d 100644
--- a/src/win32/path_w32.h
+++ b/src/win32/path_w32.h
@@ -8,10 +8,11 @@
 #define INCLUDE_win32_path_w32_h__
 
 #include "common.h"
-#include "vector.h"
 
 /**
- * Create a Win32 path (in UCS-2 format) from a UTF-8 string.
+ * Create a Win32 path (in UCS-2 format) from a UTF-8 string.  If the given
+ * path is relative, then it will be turned into an absolute path by having
+ * the current working directory prepended.
  *
  * @param dest The buffer to receive the wide string.
  * @param src The UTF-8 string to convert.
@@ -20,12 +21,25 @@
 extern int git_win32_path_from_utf8(git_win32_path dest, const char *src);
 
 /**
+ * Create a Win32 path (in UCS-2 format) from a UTF-8 string.  If the given
+ * path is relative, then it will not be turned into an absolute path.
+ *
+ * @param dest The buffer to receive the wide string.
+ * @param src The UTF-8 string to convert.
+ * @return The length of the wide string, in characters (not counting the NULL terminator), or < 0 for failure
+ */
+extern int git_win32_path_relative_from_utf8(git_win32_path dest, const char *src);
+
+/**
  * Canonicalize a Win32 UCS-2 path so that it is suitable for delivery to the
  * Win32 APIs: remove multiple directory separators, squashing to a single one,
  * strip trailing directory separators, ensure directory separators are all
  * canonical (always backslashes, never forward slashes) and process any
  * directory entries of '.' or '..'.
  *
+ * Note that this is intended to be used on absolute Windows paths, those
+ * that start with `C:\`, `\\server\share`, `\\?\`, etc.
+ *
  * This processes the buffer in place.
  *
  * @param path The buffer to process
diff --git a/src/win32/posix_w32.c b/src/win32/posix_w32.c
index 29641bd..7fcc472 100644
--- a/src/win32/posix_w32.c
+++ b/src/win32/posix_w32.c
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 #include "utf-conv.h"
 #include "repository.h"
 #include "reparse.h"
-#include "global.h"
 #include "buffer.h"
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <io.h>
@@ -447,8 +446,7 @@ int p_symlink(const char *target, const char *path)
 	 * relative symlinks, this is not someting we want.
 	 */
 	if (git_win32_path_from_utf8(path_w, path) < 0 ||
-	    git__utf8_to_16(target_w, MAX_PATH, target) < 0 ||
-	    git_win32_path_canonicalize(target_w) < 0)
+	    git_win32_path_relative_from_utf8(target_w, target) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	dwFlags = SYMBOLIC_LINK_FLAG_ALLOW_UNPRIVILEGED_CREATE;
@@ -545,6 +543,13 @@ int p_open(const char *path, int flags, ...)
 	mode_t mode = 0;
 	struct open_opts opts = {0};
 
+	#ifdef GIT_DEBUG_STRICT_OPEN
+	if (strstr(path, "//") != NULL) {
+		errno = EACCES;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	#endif
+
 	if (git_win32_path_from_utf8(wpath, path) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
@@ -983,3 +988,73 @@ int p_inet_pton(int af, const char *src, void *dst)
 	errno = EINVAL;
 	return -1;
 }
+
+ssize_t p_pread(int fd, void *data, size_t size, off64_t offset)
+{
+	HANDLE fh;
+	DWORD rsize = 0;
+	OVERLAPPED ov = {0};
+	LARGE_INTEGER pos = {0};
+	off64_t final_offset = 0;
+
+	/* Fail if the final offset would have overflowed to match POSIX semantics. */
+	if (!git__is_ssizet(size) || git__add_int64_overflow(&final_offset, offset, (int64_t)size)) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;	
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Truncate large writes to the maximum allowable size: the caller
+	 * needs to always call this in a loop anyways.
+	 */
+	if (size > INT32_MAX) {
+		size = INT32_MAX;
+	}
+
+	pos.QuadPart = offset;
+	ov.Offset = pos.LowPart;
+	ov.OffsetHigh = pos.HighPart;
+	fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
+
+	if (ReadFile(fh, data, (DWORD)size, &rsize, &ov)) {
+		return (ssize_t)rsize;
+	}
+
+	set_errno();
+	return -1;
+}
+
+ssize_t p_pwrite(int fd, const void *data, size_t size, off64_t offset)
+{
+	HANDLE fh;
+	DWORD wsize = 0;
+	OVERLAPPED ov = {0};
+	LARGE_INTEGER pos = {0};
+	off64_t final_offset = 0;
+
+	/* Fail if the final offset would have overflowed to match POSIX semantics. */
+	if (!git__is_ssizet(size) || git__add_int64_overflow(&final_offset, offset, (int64_t)size)) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;	
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Truncate large writes to the maximum allowable size: the caller
+	 * needs to always call this in a loop anyways.
+	 */
+	if (size > INT32_MAX) {
+		size = INT32_MAX;
+	}
+
+	pos.QuadPart = offset;
+	ov.Offset = pos.LowPart;
+	ov.OffsetHigh = pos.HighPart;
+	fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
+
+	if (WriteFile(fh, data, (DWORD)size, &wsize, &ov)) {
+		return (ssize_t)wsize;
+	}
+
+	set_errno();
+	return -1;
+}
diff --git a/src/win32/precompiled.h b/src/win32/precompiled.h
index 314383d..806b169 100644
--- a/src/win32/precompiled.h
+++ b/src/win32/precompiled.h
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include "common.h"
 
-#include <assert.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
diff --git a/src/win32/reparse.h b/src/win32/reparse.h
index 5f7408a..2331231 100644
--- a/src/win32/reparse.h
+++ b/src/win32/reparse.h
@@ -26,18 +26,18 @@ typedef struct _GIT_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER {
 			USHORT PrintNameLength;
 			ULONG  Flags;
 			WCHAR  PathBuffer[1];
-		} SymbolicLinkReparseBuffer;
+		} SymbolicLink;
 		struct {
 			USHORT SubstituteNameOffset;
 			USHORT SubstituteNameLength;
 			USHORT PrintNameOffset;
 			USHORT PrintNameLength;
 			WCHAR  PathBuffer[1];
-		} MountPointReparseBuffer;
+		} MountPoint;
 		struct {
 			UCHAR DataBuffer[1];
-		} GenericReparseBuffer;
-	};
+		} Generic;
+	} ReparseBuffer;
 } GIT_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER;
 
 #define REPARSE_DATA_HEADER_SIZE			8
diff --git a/src/win32/thread.c b/src/win32/thread.c
index 42dba7f..f5cacd3 100644
--- a/src/win32/thread.c
+++ b/src/win32/thread.c
@@ -6,8 +6,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "thread.h"
-
-#include "../global.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
 
 #define CLEAN_THREAD_EXIT 0x6F012842
 
@@ -19,6 +18,8 @@ static win32_srwlock_fn win32_srwlock_release_shared;
 static win32_srwlock_fn win32_srwlock_acquire_exclusive;
 static win32_srwlock_fn win32_srwlock_release_exclusive;
 
+static DWORD fls_index;
+
 /* The thread procedure stub used to invoke the caller's procedure
  * and capture the return value for later collection. Windows will
  * only hold a DWORD, but we need to be able to store an entire
@@ -28,14 +29,19 @@ static DWORD WINAPI git_win32__threadproc(LPVOID lpParameter)
 	git_thread *thread = lpParameter;
 
 	/* Set the current thread for `git_thread_exit` */
-	GIT_GLOBAL->current_thread = thread;
+	FlsSetValue(fls_index, thread);
 
 	thread->result = thread->proc(thread->param);
 
 	return CLEAN_THREAD_EXIT;
 }
 
-int git_threads_init(void)
+static void git_threads_global_shutdown(void)
+{
+	FlsFree(fls_index);
+}
+
+int git_threads_global_init(void)
 {
 	HMODULE hModule = GetModuleHandleW(L"kernel32");
 
@@ -52,7 +58,10 @@ int git_threads_init(void)
 			GetProcAddress(hModule, "ReleaseSRWLockExclusive");
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	if ((fls_index = FlsAlloc(NULL)) == FLS_OUT_OF_INDEXES)
+		return -1;
+
+	return git_runtime_shutdown_register(git_threads_global_shutdown);
 }
 
 int git_thread_create(
@@ -85,10 +94,7 @@ int git_thread_join(
 
 	/* Check for the thread having exited uncleanly. If exit was unclean,
 	 * then we don't have a return value to give back to the caller. */
-	if (exit != CLEAN_THREAD_EXIT) {
-		assert(false);
-		thread->result = NULL;
-	}
+	GIT_ASSERT(exit == CLEAN_THREAD_EXIT);
 
 	if (value_ptr)
 		*value_ptr = thread->result;
@@ -99,8 +105,11 @@ int git_thread_join(
 
 void git_thread_exit(void *value)
 {
-	assert(GIT_GLOBAL->current_thread);
-	GIT_GLOBAL->current_thread->result = value;
+	git_thread *thread = FlsGetValue(fls_index);
+
+	if (thread)
+		thread->result = value;
+
 	ExitThread(CLEAN_THREAD_EXIT);
 }
 
@@ -137,7 +146,7 @@ int git_cond_init(git_cond *cond)
 {
 	/* This is an auto-reset event. */
 	*cond = CreateEventW(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
-	assert(*cond);
+	GIT_ASSERT(*cond);
 
 	/* If we can't create the event, claim that the reason was out-of-memory.
 	 * The actual reason can be fetched with GetLastError(). */
@@ -152,7 +161,7 @@ int git_cond_free(git_cond *cond)
 		return EINVAL;
 
 	closed = CloseHandle(*cond);
-	assert(closed);
+	GIT_ASSERT(closed);
 	GIT_UNUSED(closed);
 
 	*cond = NULL;
@@ -174,7 +183,7 @@ int git_cond_wait(git_cond *cond, git_mutex *mutex)
 		return error;
 
 	wait_result = WaitForSingleObject(*cond, INFINITE);
-	assert(WAIT_OBJECT_0 == wait_result);
+	GIT_ASSERT(WAIT_OBJECT_0 == wait_result);
 	GIT_UNUSED(wait_result);
 
 	return git_mutex_lock(mutex);
@@ -188,7 +197,7 @@ int git_cond_signal(git_cond *cond)
 		return EINVAL;
 
 	signaled = SetEvent(*cond);
-	assert(signaled);
+	GIT_ASSERT(signaled);
 	GIT_UNUSED(signaled);
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/src/win32/thread.h b/src/win32/thread.h
index 41cbf01..8305036 100644
--- a/src/win32/thread.h
+++ b/src/win32/thread.h
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ typedef struct {
 	} native;
 } git_rwlock;
 
-int git_threads_init(void);
+int git_threads_global_init(void);
 
 int git_thread_create(git_thread *GIT_RESTRICT,
 	void *(*) (void *),
diff --git a/src/win32/w32_buffer.c b/src/win32/w32_buffer.c
index b78a7e6..f270a1e 100644
--- a/src/win32/w32_buffer.c
+++ b/src/win32/w32_buffer.c
@@ -32,13 +32,13 @@ int git_buf_put_w(git_buf *buf, const wchar_t *string_w, size_t len_w)
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	assert(string_w);
+	GIT_ASSERT(string_w);
 
 	/* Measure the string necessary for conversion */
 	if ((utf8_len = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, WC_ERR_INVALID_CHARS, string_w, (int)len_w, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL)) == 0)
 		return 0;
 
-	assert(utf8_len > 0);
+	GIT_ASSERT(utf8_len > 0);
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&new_size, buf->size, (size_t)utf8_len);
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_ALLOC_ADD(&new_size, new_size, 1);
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ int git_buf_put_w(git_buf *buf, const wchar_t *string_w, size_t len_w)
 			CP_UTF8, WC_ERR_INVALID_CHARS, string_w, (int)len_w, &buf->ptr[buf->size], utf8_len, NULL, NULL)) == 0)
 		return handle_wc_error();
 
-	assert(utf8_write_len == utf8_len);
+	GIT_ASSERT(utf8_write_len == utf8_len);
 
 	buf->size += utf8_write_len;
 	buf->ptr[buf->size] = '\0';
diff --git a/src/win32/w32_common.h b/src/win32/w32_common.h
index f9e74b9..c20b3e8 100644
--- a/src/win32/w32_common.h
+++ b/src/win32/w32_common.h
@@ -8,24 +8,33 @@
 #ifndef INCLUDE_win32_w32_common_h__
 #define INCLUDE_win32_w32_common_h__
 
+#include <git2/common.h>
+
+/*
+ * 4096 is the max allowed Git path. `MAX_PATH` (260) is the typical max allowed
+ * Windows path length, however win32 Unicode APIs generally allow up to 32,767
+ * if prefixed with "\\?\" (i.e. converted to an NT-style name).
+ */
+#define GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX GIT_PATH_MAX
+
 /*
- * Provides a large enough buffer to support Windows paths:  MAX_PATH is
- * 260, corresponding to a maximum path length of 259 characters plus a
- * NULL terminator.  Prefixing with "\\?\" adds 4 characters, but if the
- * original was a UNC path, then we turn "\\server\share" into
+ * Provides a large enough buffer to support Windows Git paths:
+ * GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX is 4096, corresponding to a maximum path length of 4095
+ * characters plus a NULL terminator.  Prefixing with "\\?\" adds 4 characters,
+ * but if the original was a UNC path, then we turn "\\server\share" into
  * "\\?\UNC\server\share".  So we replace the first two characters with
- * 8 characters, a net gain of 6, so the maximum length is MAX_PATH+6.
+ * 8 characters, a net gain of 6, so the maximum length is GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX+6.
  */
-#define GIT_WIN_PATH_UTF16		MAX_PATH+6
+#define GIT_WIN_PATH_UTF16		GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX+6
 
-/* Maximum size of a UTF-8 Win32 path.  We remove the "\\?\" or "\\?\UNC\"
- * prefixes for presentation, bringing us back to 259 (non-NULL)
+/* Maximum size of a UTF-8 Win32 Git path.  We remove the "\\?\" or "\\?\UNC\"
+ * prefixes for presentation, bringing us back to 4095 (non-NULL)
  * characters.  UTF-8 does have 4-byte sequences, but they are encoded in
  * UTF-16 using surrogate pairs, which takes up the space of two characters.
  * Two characters in the range U+0800 -> U+FFFF take up more space in UTF-8
  * (6 bytes) than one surrogate pair (4 bytes).
  */
-#define GIT_WIN_PATH_UTF8		(259 * 3 + 1)
+#define GIT_WIN_PATH_UTF8		((GIT_WIN_PATH_MAX - 1) * 3 + 1)
 
 /*
  * The length of a Windows "shortname", for 8.3 compatibility.
diff --git a/src/win32/w32_crtdbg_stacktrace.c b/src/win32/w32_crtdbg_stacktrace.c
deleted file mode 100644
index cdb5ac1..0000000
--- a/src/win32/w32_crtdbg_stacktrace.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,345 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-
-#include "w32_crtdbg_stacktrace.h"
-
-#if defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
-#include "w32_stack.h"
-
-#define CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__UID_LEN (15)
-
-/**
- * The stacktrace of an allocation can be distilled
- * to a unique id based upon the stackframe pointers
- * and ignoring any size arguments. We will use these
- * UIDs as the (char const*) __FILE__ argument we
- * give to the CRT malloc routines.
- */
-typedef struct {
-	char uid[CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__UID_LEN + 1];
-} git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__uid;
-
-/**
- * All mallocs with the same stacktrace will be de-duped
- * and aggregated into this row.
- */
-typedef struct {
-	git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__uid uid; /* must be first */
-	git_win32__stack__raw_data raw_data;
-	unsigned int count_allocs; /* times this alloc signature seen since init */
-	unsigned int count_allocs_at_last_checkpoint; /* times since last mark */
-	unsigned int transient_count_leaks; /* sum of leaks */
-} git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__row;
-
-static CRITICAL_SECTION g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs;
-
-/**
- * CRTDBG memory leak tracking takes a "char const * const file_name"
- * and stores the pointer in the heap data (instead of allocing a copy
- * for itself).  Normally, this is not a problem, since we usually pass
- * in __FILE__.  But I'm going to lie to it and pass in the address of
- * the UID in place of the file_name.  Also, I do not want to alloc the
- * stacktrace data (because we are called from inside our alloc routines).
- * Therefore, I'm creating a very large static pool array to store row
- * data. This also eliminates the temptation to realloc it (and move the
- * UID pointers).
- *
- * And to efficiently look for duplicates we need an index on the rows
- * so we can bsearch it.  Again, without mallocing.
- *
- * If we observe more than MY_ROW_LIMIT unique malloc signatures, we
- * fall through and use the traditional __FILE__ processing and don't
- * try to de-dup them.  If your testing hits this limit, just increase
- * it and try again.
- */
-
-#define MY_ROW_LIMIT (1024 * 1024)
-static git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__row  g_cs_rows[MY_ROW_LIMIT];
-static git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__row *g_cs_index[MY_ROW_LIMIT];
-
-static unsigned int g_cs_end = MY_ROW_LIMIT;
-static unsigned int g_cs_ins = 0; /* insertion point == unique allocs seen */
-static unsigned int g_count_total_allocs = 0; /* number of allocs seen */
-static unsigned int g_transient_count_total_leaks = 0; /* number of total leaks */
-static unsigned int g_transient_count_dedup_leaks = 0; /* number of unique leaks */
-static bool g_limit_reached = false; /* had allocs after we filled row table */
-
-static unsigned int g_checkpoint_id = 0; /* to better label leak checkpoints */
-static bool g_transient_leaks_since_mark = false; /* payload for hook */
-
-/**
- * Compare function for bsearch on g_cs_index table.
- */
-static int row_cmp(const void *v1, const void *v2)
-{
-	git_win32__stack__raw_data *d1 = (git_win32__stack__raw_data*)v1;
-	git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__row *r2 = (git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__row *)v2;
-
-	return (git_win32__stack_compare(d1, &r2->raw_data));
-}
-
-/**
- * Unique insert the new data into the row and index tables.
- * We have to sort by the stackframe data itself, not the uid.
- */
-static git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__row * insert_unique(
-	const git_win32__stack__raw_data *pdata)
-{
-	size_t pos;
-	if (git__bsearch(g_cs_index, g_cs_ins, pdata, row_cmp, &pos) < 0) {
-		/* Append new unique item to row table. */
-		memcpy(&g_cs_rows[g_cs_ins].raw_data, pdata, sizeof(*pdata));
-		sprintf(g_cs_rows[g_cs_ins].uid.uid, "##%08lx", g_cs_ins);
-
-		/* Insert pointer to it into the proper place in the index table. */
-		if (pos < g_cs_ins)
-			memmove(&g_cs_index[pos+1], &g_cs_index[pos], (g_cs_ins - pos)*sizeof(g_cs_index[0]));
-		g_cs_index[pos] = &g_cs_rows[g_cs_ins];
-
-		g_cs_ins++;
-	}
-
-	g_cs_index[pos]->count_allocs++;
-
-	return g_cs_index[pos];
-}
-
-/**
- * Hook function to receive leak data from the CRT. (This includes
- * both "<file_name>:(<line_number>)" data, but also each of the
- * various headers and fields.
- *
- * Scan this for the special "##<pos>" UID forms that we substituted
- * for the "<file_name>".  Map <pos> back to the row data and
- * increment its leak count.
- *
- * See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/74kabxyx.aspx
- *
- * We suppress the actual crtdbg output.
- */
-static int __cdecl report_hook(int nRptType, char *szMsg, int *retVal)
-{
-	static int hook_result = TRUE; /* FALSE to get stock dump; TRUE to suppress. */
-	unsigned int pos;
-
-	*retVal = 0; /* do not invoke debugger */
-
-	if ((szMsg[0] != '#') || (szMsg[1] != '#'))
-		return hook_result;
-
-	if (sscanf(&szMsg[2], "%08lx", &pos) < 1)
-		return hook_result;
-	if (pos >= g_cs_ins)
-		return hook_result;
-
-	if (g_transient_leaks_since_mark) {
-		if (g_cs_rows[pos].count_allocs == g_cs_rows[pos].count_allocs_at_last_checkpoint)
-			return hook_result;
-	}
-
-	g_cs_rows[pos].transient_count_leaks++;
-
-	if (g_cs_rows[pos].transient_count_leaks == 1)
-		g_transient_count_dedup_leaks++;
-
-	g_transient_count_total_leaks++;
-
-	return hook_result;
-}
-
-/**
- * Write leak data to all of the various places we need.
- * We force the caller to sprintf() the message first
- * because we want to avoid fprintf() because it allocs.
- */
-static void my_output(const char *buf)
-{
-	fwrite(buf, strlen(buf), 1, stderr);
-	OutputDebugString(buf);
-}
-
-/**
- * For each row with leaks, dump a stacktrace for it.
- */
-static void dump_summary(const char *label)
-{
-	unsigned int k;
-	char buf[10 * 1024];
-
-	if (g_transient_count_total_leaks == 0)
-		return;
-
-	fflush(stdout);
-	fflush(stderr);
-	my_output("\n");
-
-	if (g_limit_reached) {
-		sprintf(buf,
-				"LEAK SUMMARY: de-dup row table[%d] filled. Increase MY_ROW_LIMIT.\n",
-				MY_ROW_LIMIT);
-		my_output(buf);
-	}
-
-	if (!label)
-		label = "";
-
-	if (g_transient_leaks_since_mark) {
-		sprintf(buf, "LEAK CHECKPOINT %d: leaks %d unique %d: %s\n",
-				g_checkpoint_id, g_transient_count_total_leaks, g_transient_count_dedup_leaks, label);
-		my_output(buf);
-	} else {
-		sprintf(buf, "LEAK SUMMARY: TOTAL leaks %d de-duped %d: %s\n",
-				g_transient_count_total_leaks, g_transient_count_dedup_leaks, label);
-		my_output(buf);
-	}
-	my_output("\n");
-
-	for (k = 0; k < g_cs_ins; k++) {
-		if (g_cs_rows[k].transient_count_leaks > 0) {
-			sprintf(buf, "LEAK: %s leaked %d of %d times:\n",
-					g_cs_rows[k].uid.uid,
-					g_cs_rows[k].transient_count_leaks,
-					g_cs_rows[k].count_allocs);
-			my_output(buf);
-
-			if (git_win32__stack_format(
-					buf, sizeof(buf), &g_cs_rows[k].raw_data,
-					NULL, NULL) >= 0) {
-				my_output(buf);
-			}
-
-			my_output("\n");
-		}
-	}
-
-	fflush(stderr);
-}
-
-void git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace_init(void)
-{
-	InitializeCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
-
-	EnterCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
-
-	_CrtSetDbgFlag(_CRTDBG_ALLOC_MEM_DF | _CRTDBG_LEAK_CHECK_DF);
-
-	_CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_ASSERT, _CRTDBG_MODE_DEBUG | _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE);
-	_CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_ERROR,  _CRTDBG_MODE_DEBUG | _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE);
-	_CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_WARN,   _CRTDBG_MODE_DEBUG | _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE);
-
-	_CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_ASSERT, _CRTDBG_FILE_STDERR);
-	_CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_ERROR,  _CRTDBG_FILE_STDERR);
-	_CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_WARN,   _CRTDBG_FILE_STDERR);
-
-	LeaveCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
-}
-
-int git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
-	git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace_options opt,
-	const char *label)
-{
-	_CRT_REPORT_HOOK old;
-	unsigned int k;
-	int r = 0;
-
-#define IS_BIT_SET(o,b) (((o) & (b)) != 0)
-
-	bool b_set_mark         = IS_BIT_SET(opt, GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__SET_MARK);
-	bool b_leaks_since_mark = IS_BIT_SET(opt, GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_SINCE_MARK);
-	bool b_leaks_total      = IS_BIT_SET(opt, GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_TOTAL);
-	bool b_quiet            = IS_BIT_SET(opt, GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__QUIET);
-
-	if (b_leaks_since_mark && b_leaks_total) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "cannot combine LEAKS_SINCE_MARK and LEAKS_TOTAL.");
-		return GIT_ERROR;
-	}
-	if (!b_set_mark && !b_leaks_since_mark && !b_leaks_total) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "nothing to do.");
-		return GIT_ERROR;
-	}
-
-	EnterCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
-
-	if (b_leaks_since_mark || b_leaks_total) {
-		/* All variables with "transient" in the name are per-dump counters
-		 * and reset before each dump.  This lets us handle checkpoints.
-		 */
-		g_transient_count_total_leaks = 0;
-		g_transient_count_dedup_leaks = 0;
-		for (k = 0; k < g_cs_ins; k++) {
-			g_cs_rows[k].transient_count_leaks = 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	g_transient_leaks_since_mark = b_leaks_since_mark;
-
-	old = _CrtSetReportHook(report_hook);
-	_CrtDumpMemoryLeaks();
-	_CrtSetReportHook(old);
-
-	if (b_leaks_since_mark || b_leaks_total) {
-		r = g_transient_count_dedup_leaks;
-
-		if (!b_quiet)
-			dump_summary(label);
-	}
-
-	if (b_set_mark) {
-		for (k = 0; k < g_cs_ins; k++) {
-			g_cs_rows[k].count_allocs_at_last_checkpoint = g_cs_rows[k].count_allocs;
-		}
-
-		g_checkpoint_id++;
-	}
-
-	LeaveCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
-
-	return r;
-}
-
-void git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace_cleanup(void)
-{
-	/* At shutdown/cleanup, dump cummulative leak info
-	 * with everything since startup.  This might generate
-	 * extra noise if the caller has been doing checkpoint
-	 * dumps, but it might also eliminate some false
-	 * positives for resources previously reported during
-	 * checkpoints.
-	 */
-	git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_TOTAL,
-		"CLEANUP");
-
-	DeleteCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
-}
-
-const char *git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace(int skip, const char *file)
-{
-	git_win32__stack__raw_data new_data;
-	git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__row *row;
-	const char * result = file;
-
-	if (git_win32__stack_capture(&new_data, skip+1) < 0)
-		return result;
-
-	EnterCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
-
-	if (g_cs_ins < g_cs_end) {
-		row = insert_unique(&new_data);
-		result = row->uid.uid;
-	} else {
-		g_limit_reached = true;
-	}
-
-	g_count_total_allocs++;
-
-	LeaveCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
-
-	return result;
-}
-
-#endif
diff --git a/src/win32/w32_crtdbg_stacktrace.h b/src/win32/w32_crtdbg_stacktrace.h
deleted file mode 100644
index d65154b..0000000
--- a/src/win32/w32_crtdbg_stacktrace.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-#ifndef INCLUDE_win32_w32_crtdbg_stacktrace_h__
-#define INCLUDE_win32_w32_crtdbg_stacktrace_h__
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#if defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
-
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <crtdbg.h>
-
-#include "git2/errors.h"
-#include "strnlen.h"
-
-/* MSVC CRTDBG memory leak reporting.
- *
- * We DO NOT use the "_CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC" macro described in the MSVC
- * documentation because all allocs/frees in libgit2 already go through
- * the "git__" routines defined in this file.  Simply using the normal
- * reporting mechanism causes all leaks to be attributed to a routine
- * here in util.h (ie, the actual call to calloc()) rather than the
- * caller of git__calloc().
- *
- * Therefore, we declare a set of "git__crtdbg__" routines to replace
- * the corresponding "git__" routines and re-define the "git__" symbols
- * as macros.  This allows us to get and report the file:line info of
- * the real caller.
- *
- * We DO NOT replace the "git__free" routine because it needs to remain
- * a function pointer because it is used as a function argument when
- * setting up various structure "destructors".
- *
- * We also DO NOT use the "_CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC" macro because it causes
- * "free" to be remapped to "_free_dbg" and this causes problems for
- * structures which define a field named "free".
- *
- * Finally, CRTDBG must be explicitly enabled and configured at program
- * startup.  See tests/main.c for an example.
- */
-
-/**
- * Initialize our memory leak tracking and de-dup data structures.
- * This should ONLY be called by git_libgit2_init().
- */
-void git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace_init(void);
-
-/**
- * Shutdown our memory leak tracking and dump summary data.
- * This should ONLY be called by git_libgit2_shutdown().
- *
- * We explicitly call _CrtDumpMemoryLeaks() during here so
- * that we can compute summary data for the leaks. We print
- * the stacktrace of each unique leak.
- *
- * This cleanup does not happen if the app calls exit()
- * without calling the libgit2 shutdown code.
- *
- * This info we print here is independent of any automatic
- * reporting during exit() caused by _CRTDBG_LEAK_CHECK_DF.
- * Set it in your app if you also want traditional reporting.
- */
-void git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace_cleanup(void);
-
-/**
- * Checkpoint options.
- */
-typedef enum git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace_options {
-	/**
-	 * Set checkpoint marker.
-	 */
-	GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__SET_MARK         = (1 << 0),
-
-	/**
-	 * Dump leaks since last checkpoint marker.
-	 * May not be combined with __LEAKS_TOTAL.
-	 *
-	 * Note that this may generate false positives for global TLS
-	 * error state and other global caches that aren't cleaned up
-	 * until the thread/process terminates.  So when using this
-	 * around a region of interest, also check the final (at exit)
-	 * dump before digging into leaks reported here.
-	 */
-	GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_SINCE_MARK = (1 << 1),
-
-	/**
-	 * Dump leaks since init.  May not be combined
-	 * with __LEAKS_SINCE_MARK.
-	 */
-	GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_TOTAL      = (1 << 2),
-
-	/**
-	 * Suppress printing during dumps.
-	 * Just return leak count.
-	 */
-	GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__QUIET            = (1 << 3),
-
-} git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace_options;
-
-/**
- * Checkpoint memory state and/or dump unique stack traces of
- * current memory leaks.
- *
- * @return number of unique leaks (relative to requested starting
- * point) or error.
- */
-GIT_EXTERN(int) git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
-	git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace_options opt,
-	const char *label);
-
-/**
- * Construct stacktrace and append it to the global buffer.
- * Return pointer to start of this string.  On any error or
- * lack of buffer space, just return the given file buffer
- * so it will behave as usual.
- *
- * This should ONLY be called by our internal memory allocations
- * routines.
- */
-const char *git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace(int skip, const char *file);
-
-#endif
-#endif
diff --git a/src/win32/w32_leakcheck.c b/src/win32/w32_leakcheck.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c8425b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/win32/w32_leakcheck.c
@@ -0,0 +1,581 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#include "w32_leakcheck.h"
+
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK)
+
+#include "Windows.h"
+#include "Dbghelp.h"
+#include "win32/posix.h"
+#include "hash.h"
+#include "runtime.h"
+
+/* Stack frames (for stack tracing, below) */
+
+static bool   g_win32_stack_initialized = false;
+static HANDLE g_win32_stack_process = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+static git_win32_leakcheck_stack_aux_cb_alloc  g_aux_cb_alloc  = NULL;
+static git_win32_leakcheck_stack_aux_cb_lookup g_aux_cb_lookup = NULL;
+
+int git_win32_leakcheck_stack_set_aux_cb(
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_aux_cb_alloc cb_alloc,
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_aux_cb_lookup cb_lookup)
+{
+	g_aux_cb_alloc = cb_alloc;
+	g_aux_cb_lookup = cb_lookup;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Load symbol table data.  This should be done in the primary
+ * thread at startup (under a lock if there are other threads
+ * active).
+ */
+void git_win32_leakcheck_stack_init(void)
+{
+	if (!g_win32_stack_initialized) {
+		g_win32_stack_process = GetCurrentProcess();
+		SymSetOptions(SYMOPT_LOAD_LINES);
+		SymInitialize(g_win32_stack_process, NULL, TRUE);
+		g_win32_stack_initialized = true;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Cleanup symbol table data.  This should be done in the
+ * primary thead at shutdown (under a lock if there are other
+ * threads active).
+ */
+void git_win32_leakcheck_stack_cleanup(void)
+{
+	if (g_win32_stack_initialized) {
+		SymCleanup(g_win32_stack_process);
+		g_win32_stack_process = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+		g_win32_stack_initialized = false;
+	}
+}
+
+int git_win32_leakcheck_stack_capture(git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data *pdata, int skip)
+{
+	if (!g_win32_stack_initialized) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "git_win32_stack not initialized.");
+		return GIT_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	memset(pdata, 0, sizeof(*pdata));
+	pdata->nr_frames = RtlCaptureStackBackTrace(
+		skip+1, GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACK_MAX_FRAMES, pdata->frames, NULL);
+
+	/* If an "aux" data provider was registered, ask it to capture
+	 * whatever data it needs and give us an "aux_id" to it so that
+	 * we can refer to it later when reporting.
+	 */
+	if (g_aux_cb_alloc)
+		(g_aux_cb_alloc)(&pdata->aux_id);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_win32_leakcheck_stack_compare(
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data *d1,
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data *d2)
+{
+	return memcmp(d1, d2, sizeof(*d1));
+}
+
+int git_win32_leakcheck_stack_format(
+	char *pbuf, size_t buf_len,
+	const git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data *pdata,
+	const char *prefix, const char *suffix)
+{
+#define MY_MAX_FILENAME 255
+
+	/* SYMBOL_INFO has char FileName[1] at the end.  The docs say to
+	 * to malloc it with extra space for your desired max filename.
+	 */
+	struct {
+		SYMBOL_INFO symbol;
+		char extra[MY_MAX_FILENAME + 1];
+	} s;
+
+	IMAGEHLP_LINE64 line;
+	size_t buf_used = 0;
+	unsigned int k;
+	char detail[MY_MAX_FILENAME * 2]; /* filename plus space for function name and formatting */
+	size_t detail_len;
+
+	if (!g_win32_stack_initialized) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "git_win32_stack not initialized.");
+		return GIT_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	if (!prefix)
+		prefix = "\t";
+	if (!suffix)
+		suffix = "\n";
+
+	memset(pbuf, 0, buf_len);
+
+	memset(&s, 0, sizeof(s));
+	s.symbol.MaxNameLen = MY_MAX_FILENAME;
+	s.symbol.SizeOfStruct = sizeof(SYMBOL_INFO);
+
+	memset(&line, 0, sizeof(line));
+	line.SizeOfStruct = sizeof(IMAGEHLP_LINE64);
+
+	for (k=0; k < pdata->nr_frames; k++) {
+		DWORD64 frame_k = (DWORD64)pdata->frames[k];
+		DWORD dwUnused;
+
+		if (SymFromAddr(g_win32_stack_process, frame_k, 0, &s.symbol) &&
+			SymGetLineFromAddr64(g_win32_stack_process, frame_k, &dwUnused, &line)) {
+			const char *pslash;
+			const char *pfile;
+
+			pslash = strrchr(line.FileName, '\\');
+			pfile = ((pslash) ? (pslash+1) : line.FileName);
+			p_snprintf(detail, sizeof(detail), "%s%s:%d> %s%s",
+					   prefix, pfile, line.LineNumber, s.symbol.Name, suffix);
+		} else {
+			/* This happens when we cross into another module.
+			 * For example, in CLAR tests, this is typically
+			 * the CRT startup code.  Just print an unknown
+			 * frame and continue.
+			 */
+			p_snprintf(detail, sizeof(detail), "%s??%s", prefix, suffix);
+		}
+		detail_len = strlen(detail);
+
+		if (buf_len < (buf_used + detail_len + 1)) {
+			/* we don't have room for this frame in the buffer, so just stop. */
+			break;
+		}
+
+		memcpy(&pbuf[buf_used], detail, detail_len);
+		buf_used += detail_len;
+	}
+
+	/* "aux_id" 0 is reserved to mean no aux data. This is needed to handle
+	 * allocs that occur before the aux callbacks were registered.
+	 */
+	if (pdata->aux_id > 0) {
+		p_snprintf(detail, sizeof(detail), "%saux_id: %d%s",
+				   prefix, pdata->aux_id, suffix);
+		detail_len = strlen(detail);
+		if ((buf_used + detail_len + 1) < buf_len) {
+			memcpy(&pbuf[buf_used], detail, detail_len);
+			buf_used += detail_len;
+		}
+
+		/* If an "aux" data provider is still registered, ask it to append its detailed
+		 * data to the end of ours using the "aux_id" it gave us when this de-duped
+		 * item was created.
+		 */
+		if (g_aux_cb_lookup)
+			(g_aux_cb_lookup)(pdata->aux_id, &pbuf[buf_used], (buf_len - buf_used - 1));
+	}
+
+	return GIT_OK;
+}
+
+int git_win32_leakcheck_stack(
+	char * pbuf, size_t buf_len,
+	int skip,
+	const char *prefix, const char *suffix)
+{
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data data;
+	int error;
+
+	if ((error = git_win32_leakcheck_stack_capture(&data, skip)) < 0)
+		return error;
+	if ((error = git_win32_leakcheck_stack_format(pbuf, buf_len, &data, prefix, suffix)) < 0)
+		return error;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Strack tracing */
+
+#define STACKTRACE_UID_LEN (15)
+
+/**
+ * The stacktrace of an allocation can be distilled
+ * to a unique id based upon the stackframe pointers
+ * and ignoring any size arguments. We will use these
+ * UIDs as the (char const*) __FILE__ argument we
+ * give to the CRT malloc routines.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+	char uid[STACKTRACE_UID_LEN + 1];
+} git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_uid;
+
+/**
+ * All mallocs with the same stacktrace will be de-duped
+ * and aggregated into this row.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_uid uid; /* must be first */
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data raw_data;
+	unsigned int count_allocs; /* times this alloc signature seen since init */
+	unsigned int count_allocs_at_last_checkpoint; /* times since last mark */
+	unsigned int transient_count_leaks; /* sum of leaks */
+} git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_row;
+
+static CRITICAL_SECTION g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs;
+
+/**
+ * CRTDBG memory leak tracking takes a "char const * const file_name"
+ * and stores the pointer in the heap data (instead of allocing a copy
+ * for itself).  Normally, this is not a problem, since we usually pass
+ * in __FILE__.  But I'm going to lie to it and pass in the address of
+ * the UID in place of the file_name.  Also, I do not want to alloc the
+ * stacktrace data (because we are called from inside our alloc routines).
+ * Therefore, I'm creating a very large static pool array to store row
+ * data. This also eliminates the temptation to realloc it (and move the
+ * UID pointers).
+ *
+ * And to efficiently look for duplicates we need an index on the rows
+ * so we can bsearch it.  Again, without mallocing.
+ *
+ * If we observe more than MY_ROW_LIMIT unique malloc signatures, we
+ * fall through and use the traditional __FILE__ processing and don't
+ * try to de-dup them.  If your testing hits this limit, just increase
+ * it and try again.
+ */
+
+#define MY_ROW_LIMIT (2 * 1024 * 1024)
+static git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_row  g_cs_rows[MY_ROW_LIMIT];
+static git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_row *g_cs_index[MY_ROW_LIMIT];
+
+static unsigned int g_cs_end = MY_ROW_LIMIT;
+static unsigned int g_cs_ins = 0; /* insertion point == unique allocs seen */
+static unsigned int g_count_total_allocs = 0; /* number of allocs seen */
+static unsigned int g_transient_count_total_leaks = 0; /* number of total leaks */
+static unsigned int g_transient_count_dedup_leaks = 0; /* number of unique leaks */
+static bool g_limit_reached = false; /* had allocs after we filled row table */
+
+static unsigned int g_checkpoint_id = 0; /* to better label leak checkpoints */
+static bool g_transient_leaks_since_mark = false; /* payload for hook */
+
+/**
+ * Compare function for bsearch on g_cs_index table.
+ */
+static int row_cmp(const void *v1, const void *v2)
+{
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data *d1 = (git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data*)v1;
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_row *r2 = (git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_row *)v2;
+
+	return (git_win32_leakcheck_stack_compare(d1, &r2->raw_data));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Unique insert the new data into the row and index tables.
+ * We have to sort by the stackframe data itself, not the uid.
+ */
+static git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_row * insert_unique(
+	const git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data *pdata)
+{
+	size_t pos;
+	if (git__bsearch(g_cs_index, g_cs_ins, pdata, row_cmp, &pos) < 0) {
+		/* Append new unique item to row table. */
+		memcpy(&g_cs_rows[g_cs_ins].raw_data, pdata, sizeof(*pdata));
+		sprintf(g_cs_rows[g_cs_ins].uid.uid, "##%08lx", g_cs_ins);
+
+		/* Insert pointer to it into the proper place in the index table. */
+		if (pos < g_cs_ins)
+			memmove(&g_cs_index[pos+1], &g_cs_index[pos], (g_cs_ins - pos)*sizeof(g_cs_index[0]));
+		g_cs_index[pos] = &g_cs_rows[g_cs_ins];
+
+		g_cs_ins++;
+	}
+
+	g_cs_index[pos]->count_allocs++;
+
+	return g_cs_index[pos];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Hook function to receive leak data from the CRT. (This includes
+ * both "<file_name>:(<line_number>)" data, but also each of the
+ * various headers and fields.
+ *
+ * Scan this for the special "##<pos>" UID forms that we substituted
+ * for the "<file_name>".  Map <pos> back to the row data and
+ * increment its leak count.
+ *
+ * See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/74kabxyx.aspx
+ *
+ * We suppress the actual crtdbg output.
+ */
+static int __cdecl report_hook(int nRptType, char *szMsg, int *retVal)
+{
+	static int hook_result = TRUE; /* FALSE to get stock dump; TRUE to suppress. */
+	unsigned int pos;
+
+	*retVal = 0; /* do not invoke debugger */
+
+	if ((szMsg[0] != '#') || (szMsg[1] != '#'))
+		return hook_result;
+
+	if (sscanf(&szMsg[2], "%08lx", &pos) < 1)
+		return hook_result;
+	if (pos >= g_cs_ins)
+		return hook_result;
+
+	if (g_transient_leaks_since_mark) {
+		if (g_cs_rows[pos].count_allocs == g_cs_rows[pos].count_allocs_at_last_checkpoint)
+			return hook_result;
+	}
+
+	g_cs_rows[pos].transient_count_leaks++;
+
+	if (g_cs_rows[pos].transient_count_leaks == 1)
+		g_transient_count_dedup_leaks++;
+
+	g_transient_count_total_leaks++;
+
+	return hook_result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Write leak data to all of the various places we need.
+ * We force the caller to sprintf() the message first
+ * because we want to avoid fprintf() because it allocs.
+ */
+static void my_output(const char *buf)
+{
+	fwrite(buf, strlen(buf), 1, stderr);
+	OutputDebugString(buf);
+}
+
+/**
+ * For each row with leaks, dump a stacktrace for it.
+ */
+static void dump_summary(const char *label)
+{
+	unsigned int k;
+	char buf[10 * 1024];
+
+	if (g_transient_count_total_leaks == 0)
+		return;
+
+	fflush(stdout);
+	fflush(stderr);
+	my_output("\n");
+
+	if (g_limit_reached) {
+		sprintf(buf,
+				"LEAK SUMMARY: de-dup row table[%d] filled. Increase MY_ROW_LIMIT.\n",
+				MY_ROW_LIMIT);
+		my_output(buf);
+	}
+
+	if (!label)
+		label = "";
+
+	if (g_transient_leaks_since_mark) {
+		sprintf(buf, "LEAK CHECKPOINT %d: leaks %d unique %d: %s\n",
+				g_checkpoint_id, g_transient_count_total_leaks, g_transient_count_dedup_leaks, label);
+		my_output(buf);
+	} else {
+		sprintf(buf, "LEAK SUMMARY: TOTAL leaks %d de-duped %d: %s\n",
+				g_transient_count_total_leaks, g_transient_count_dedup_leaks, label);
+		my_output(buf);
+	}
+	my_output("\n");
+
+	for (k = 0; k < g_cs_ins; k++) {
+		if (g_cs_rows[k].transient_count_leaks > 0) {
+			sprintf(buf, "LEAK: %s leaked %d of %d times:\n",
+					g_cs_rows[k].uid.uid,
+					g_cs_rows[k].transient_count_leaks,
+					g_cs_rows[k].count_allocs);
+			my_output(buf);
+
+			if (git_win32_leakcheck_stack_format(
+					buf, sizeof(buf), &g_cs_rows[k].raw_data,
+					NULL, NULL) >= 0) {
+				my_output(buf);
+			}
+
+			my_output("\n");
+		}
+	}
+
+	fflush(stderr);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize our memory leak tracking and de-dup data structures.
+ * This should ONLY be called by git_libgit2_init().
+ */
+void git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_init(void)
+{
+	InitializeCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
+
+	EnterCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
+
+	_CrtSetDbgFlag(_CRTDBG_ALLOC_MEM_DF | _CRTDBG_LEAK_CHECK_DF);
+
+	_CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_ASSERT, _CRTDBG_MODE_DEBUG | _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE);
+	_CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_ERROR,  _CRTDBG_MODE_DEBUG | _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE);
+	_CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_WARN,   _CRTDBG_MODE_DEBUG | _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE);
+
+	_CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_ASSERT, _CRTDBG_FILE_STDERR);
+	_CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_ERROR,  _CRTDBG_FILE_STDERR);
+	_CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_WARN,   _CRTDBG_FILE_STDERR);
+
+	LeaveCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
+}
+
+int git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_dump(
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_options opt,
+	const char *label)
+{
+	_CRT_REPORT_HOOK old;
+	unsigned int k;
+	int r = 0;
+
+#define IS_BIT_SET(o,b) (((o) & (b)) != 0)
+
+	bool b_set_mark         = IS_BIT_SET(opt, GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_SET_MARK);
+	bool b_leaks_since_mark = IS_BIT_SET(opt, GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_SINCE_MARK);
+	bool b_leaks_total      = IS_BIT_SET(opt, GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_TOTAL);
+	bool b_quiet            = IS_BIT_SET(opt, GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_QUIET);
+
+	if (b_leaks_since_mark && b_leaks_total) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "cannot combine LEAKS_SINCE_MARK and LEAKS_TOTAL.");
+		return GIT_ERROR;
+	}
+	if (!b_set_mark && !b_leaks_since_mark && !b_leaks_total) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "nothing to do.");
+		return GIT_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	EnterCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
+
+	if (b_leaks_since_mark || b_leaks_total) {
+		/* All variables with "transient" in the name are per-dump counters
+		 * and reset before each dump.  This lets us handle checkpoints.
+		 */
+		g_transient_count_total_leaks = 0;
+		g_transient_count_dedup_leaks = 0;
+		for (k = 0; k < g_cs_ins; k++) {
+			g_cs_rows[k].transient_count_leaks = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	g_transient_leaks_since_mark = b_leaks_since_mark;
+
+	old = _CrtSetReportHook(report_hook);
+	_CrtDumpMemoryLeaks();
+	_CrtSetReportHook(old);
+
+	if (b_leaks_since_mark || b_leaks_total) {
+		r = g_transient_count_dedup_leaks;
+
+		if (!b_quiet)
+			dump_summary(label);
+	}
+
+	if (b_set_mark) {
+		for (k = 0; k < g_cs_ins; k++) {
+			g_cs_rows[k].count_allocs_at_last_checkpoint = g_cs_rows[k].count_allocs;
+		}
+
+		g_checkpoint_id++;
+	}
+
+	LeaveCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Shutdown our memory leak tracking and dump summary data.
+ * This should ONLY be called by git_libgit2_shutdown().
+ *
+ * We explicitly call _CrtDumpMemoryLeaks() during here so
+ * that we can compute summary data for the leaks. We print
+ * the stacktrace of each unique leak.
+ *
+ * This cleanup does not happen if the app calls exit()
+ * without calling the libgit2 shutdown code.
+ *
+ * This info we print here is independent of any automatic
+ * reporting during exit() caused by _CRTDBG_LEAK_CHECK_DF.
+ * Set it in your app if you also want traditional reporting.
+ */
+void git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_cleanup(void)
+{
+	/* At shutdown/cleanup, dump cumulative leak info
+	 * with everything since startup.  This might generate
+	 * extra noise if the caller has been doing checkpoint
+	 * dumps, but it might also eliminate some false
+	 * positives for resources previously reported during
+	 * checkpoints.
+	 */
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_dump(
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_TOTAL,
+		"CLEANUP");
+
+	DeleteCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
+}
+
+const char *git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace(int skip, const char *file)
+{
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data new_data;
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_row *row;
+	const char * result = file;
+
+	if (git_win32_leakcheck_stack_capture(&new_data, skip+1) < 0)
+		return result;
+
+	EnterCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
+
+	if (g_cs_ins < g_cs_end) {
+		row = insert_unique(&new_data);
+		result = row->uid.uid;
+	} else {
+		g_limit_reached = true;
+	}
+
+	g_count_total_allocs++;
+
+	LeaveCriticalSection(&g_crtdbg_stacktrace_cs);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static void git_win32_leakcheck_global_shutdown(void)
+{
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_cleanup();
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_cleanup();
+}
+
+bool git_win32_leakcheck_has_leaks(void)
+{
+	return (g_transient_count_total_leaks > 0);
+}
+
+int git_win32_leakcheck_global_init(void)
+{
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_init();
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_init();
+
+	return git_runtime_shutdown_register(git_win32_leakcheck_global_shutdown);
+}
+
+#else
+
+int git_win32_leakcheck_global_init(void)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/win32/w32_leakcheck.h b/src/win32/w32_leakcheck.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb45e36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/win32/w32_leakcheck.h
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
+ * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
+ */
+
+#ifndef INCLUDE_win32_leakcheck_h__
+#define INCLUDE_win32_leakcheck_h__
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+/* Initialize the win32 leak checking system. */
+int git_win32_leakcheck_global_init(void);
+
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK)
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <crtdbg.h>
+
+#include "git2/errors.h"
+#include "strnlen.h"
+
+bool git_win32_leakcheck_has_leaks(void);
+
+/* Stack frames (for stack tracing, below) */
+
+/**
+ * This type defines a callback to be used to augment a C stacktrace
+ * with "aux" data. This can be used, for example, to allow LibGit2Sharp
+ * (or other interpreted consumer libraries) to give us C# stacktrace
+ * data for the PInvoke.
+ *
+ * This callback will be called during crtdbg-instrumented allocs.
+ *
+ * @param aux_id [out] A returned "aux_id" representing a unique
+ * (de-duped at the C# layer) stacktrace.  "aux_id" 0 is reserved
+ * to mean no aux stacktrace data.
+ */
+typedef void (*git_win32_leakcheck_stack_aux_cb_alloc)(unsigned int *aux_id);
+
+/**
+ * This type defines a callback to be used to augment the output of
+ * a stacktrace.  This will be used to request the C# layer format
+ * the C# stacktrace associated with "aux_id" into the provided
+ * buffer.
+ *
+ * This callback will be called during leak reporting.
+ *
+ * @param aux_id The "aux_id" key associated with a stacktrace.
+ * @param aux_msg A buffer where a formatted message should be written.
+ * @param aux_msg_len The size of the buffer.
+ */
+typedef void (*git_win32_leakcheck_stack_aux_cb_lookup)(unsigned int aux_id, char *aux_msg, size_t aux_msg_len);
+
+/**
+ * Register an "aux" data provider to augment our C stacktrace data.
+ *
+ * This can be used, for example, to allow LibGit2Sharp (or other
+ * interpreted consumer libraries) to give us the C# stacktrace of
+ * the PInvoke.
+ *
+ * If you choose to use this feature, it should be registered during
+ * initialization and not changed for the duration of the process.
+ */
+int git_win32_leakcheck_stack_set_aux_cb(
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_aux_cb_alloc cb_alloc,
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_aux_cb_lookup cb_lookup);
+
+/**
+ * Maximum number of stackframes to record for a
+ * single stacktrace.
+ */
+#define GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACK_MAX_FRAMES 30
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper containing the raw unprocessed stackframe
+ * data for a single stacktrace and any "aux_id".
+ *
+ * I put the aux_id first so leaks will be sorted by it.
+ * So, for example, if a specific callstack in C# leaks
+ * a repo handle, all of the pointers within the associated
+ * repo pointer will be grouped together.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+	unsigned int aux_id;
+	unsigned int nr_frames;
+	void *frames[GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACK_MAX_FRAMES];
+} git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data;
+
+/**
+ * Capture raw stack trace data for the current process/thread.
+ *
+ * @param skip Number of initial frames to skip.  Pass 0 to
+ * begin with the caller of this routine. Pass 1 to begin
+ * with its caller.  And so on.
+ */
+int git_win32_leakcheck_stack_capture(git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data *pdata, int skip);
+
+/**
+ * Compare 2 raw stacktraces with the usual -1,0,+1 result.
+ * This includes any "aux_id" values in the comparison, so that
+ * our de-dup is also "aux" context relative.
+ */
+int git_win32_leakcheck_stack_compare(
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data *d1,
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data *d2);
+
+/**
+ * Format raw stacktrace data into buffer WITHOUT using any mallocs.
+ *
+ * @param prefix String written before each frame; defaults to "\t".
+ * @param suffix String written after each frame; defaults to "\n".
+ */
+int git_win32_leakcheck_stack_format(
+	char *pbuf, size_t buf_len,
+	const git_win32_leakcheck_stack_raw_data *pdata,
+	const char *prefix, const char *suffix);
+
+/**
+ * Convenience routine to capture and format stacktrace into
+ * a buffer WITHOUT using any mallocs.  This is primarily a
+ * wrapper for testing.
+ *
+ * @param skip Number of initial frames to skip. Pass 0 to
+ * begin with the caller of this routine.  Pass 1 to begin
+ * with its caller.  And so on.
+ * @param prefix String written before each frame; defaults to "\t".
+ * @param suffix String written after each frame; defaults to "\n".
+ */
+int git_win32_leakcheck_stack(
+	char * pbuf, size_t buf_len,
+	int skip,
+	const char *prefix, const char *suffix);
+
+/* Stack tracing */
+
+/* MSVC CRTDBG memory leak reporting.
+ *
+ * We DO NOT use the "_CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC" macro described in the MSVC
+ * documentation because all allocs/frees in libgit2 already go through
+ * the "git__" routines defined in this file.  Simply using the normal
+ * reporting mechanism causes all leaks to be attributed to a routine
+ * here in util.h (ie, the actual call to calloc()) rather than the
+ * caller of git__calloc().
+ *
+ * Therefore, we declare a set of "git__crtdbg__" routines to replace
+ * the corresponding "git__" routines and re-define the "git__" symbols
+ * as macros.  This allows us to get and report the file:line info of
+ * the real caller.
+ *
+ * We DO NOT replace the "git__free" routine because it needs to remain
+ * a function pointer because it is used as a function argument when
+ * setting up various structure "destructors".
+ *
+ * We also DO NOT use the "_CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC" macro because it causes
+ * "free" to be remapped to "_free_dbg" and this causes problems for
+ * structures which define a field named "free".
+ *
+ * Finally, CRTDBG must be explicitly enabled and configured at program
+ * startup.  See tests/main.c for an example.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Checkpoint options.
+ */
+typedef enum git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_options {
+	/**
+	 * Set checkpoint marker.
+	 */
+	GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_SET_MARK         = (1 << 0),
+
+	/**
+	 * Dump leaks since last checkpoint marker.
+	 * May not be combined with _LEAKS_TOTAL.
+	 *
+	 * Note that this may generate false positives for global TLS
+	 * error state and other global caches that aren't cleaned up
+	 * until the thread/process terminates.  So when using this
+	 * around a region of interest, also check the final (at exit)
+	 * dump before digging into leaks reported here.
+	 */
+	GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_SINCE_MARK = (1 << 1),
+
+	/**
+	 * Dump leaks since init.  May not be combined
+	 * with _LEAKS_SINCE_MARK.
+	 */
+	GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_TOTAL      = (1 << 2),
+
+	/**
+	 * Suppress printing during dumps.
+	 * Just return leak count.
+	 */
+	GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_QUIET            = (1 << 3),
+
+} git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_options;
+
+/**
+ * Checkpoint memory state and/or dump unique stack traces of
+ * current memory leaks.
+ *
+ * @return number of unique leaks (relative to requested starting
+ * point) or error.
+ */
+int git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_dump(
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_options opt,
+	const char *label);
+
+/**
+ * Construct stacktrace and append it to the global buffer.
+ * Return pointer to start of this string.  On any error or
+ * lack of buffer space, just return the given file buffer
+ * so it will behave as usual.
+ *
+ * This should ONLY be called by our internal memory allocations
+ * routines.
+ */
+const char *git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace(int skip, const char *file);
+
+#endif
+#endif
diff --git a/src/win32/w32_stack.c b/src/win32/w32_stack.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 78c78db..0000000
--- a/src/win32/w32_stack.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,188 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-
-#include "w32_stack.h"
-
-#if defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
-#include "Windows.h"
-#include "Dbghelp.h"
-#include "win32/posix.h"
-#include "hash.h"
-
-static bool   g_win32_stack_initialized = false;
-static HANDLE g_win32_stack_process = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-static git_win32__stack__aux_cb_alloc  g_aux_cb_alloc  = NULL;
-static git_win32__stack__aux_cb_lookup g_aux_cb_lookup = NULL;
-
-int git_win32__stack__set_aux_cb(
-	git_win32__stack__aux_cb_alloc cb_alloc,
-	git_win32__stack__aux_cb_lookup cb_lookup)
-{
-	g_aux_cb_alloc = cb_alloc;
-	g_aux_cb_lookup = cb_lookup;
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-void git_win32__stack_init(void)
-{
-	if (!g_win32_stack_initialized) {
-		g_win32_stack_process = GetCurrentProcess();
-		SymSetOptions(SYMOPT_LOAD_LINES);
-		SymInitialize(g_win32_stack_process, NULL, TRUE);
-		g_win32_stack_initialized = true;
-	}
-}
-
-void git_win32__stack_cleanup(void)
-{
-	if (g_win32_stack_initialized) {
-		SymCleanup(g_win32_stack_process);
-		g_win32_stack_process = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-		g_win32_stack_initialized = false;
-	}
-}
-
-int git_win32__stack_capture(git_win32__stack__raw_data *pdata, int skip)
-{
-	if (!g_win32_stack_initialized) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "git_win32_stack not initialized.");
-		return GIT_ERROR;
-	}
-
-	memset(pdata, 0, sizeof(*pdata));
-	pdata->nr_frames = RtlCaptureStackBackTrace(
-		skip+1, GIT_WIN32__STACK__MAX_FRAMES, pdata->frames, NULL);
-
-	/* If an "aux" data provider was registered, ask it to capture
-	 * whatever data it needs and give us an "aux_id" to it so that
-	 * we can refer to it later when reporting.
-	 */
-	if (g_aux_cb_alloc)
-		(g_aux_cb_alloc)(&pdata->aux_id);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int git_win32__stack_compare(
-	git_win32__stack__raw_data *d1,
-	git_win32__stack__raw_data *d2)
-{
-	return memcmp(d1, d2, sizeof(*d1));
-}
-
-int git_win32__stack_format(
-	char *pbuf, size_t buf_len,
-	const git_win32__stack__raw_data *pdata,
-	const char *prefix, const char *suffix)
-{
-#define MY_MAX_FILENAME 255
-
-	/* SYMBOL_INFO has char FileName[1] at the end.  The docs say to
-	 * to malloc it with extra space for your desired max filename.
-	 */
-	struct {
-		SYMBOL_INFO symbol;
-		char extra[MY_MAX_FILENAME + 1];
-	} s;
-
-	IMAGEHLP_LINE64 line;
-	size_t buf_used = 0;
-	unsigned int k;
-	char detail[MY_MAX_FILENAME * 2]; /* filename plus space for function name and formatting */
-	size_t detail_len;
-
-	if (!g_win32_stack_initialized) {
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, "git_win32_stack not initialized.");
-		return GIT_ERROR;
-	}
-
-	if (!prefix)
-		prefix = "\t";
-	if (!suffix)
-		suffix = "\n";
-
-	memset(pbuf, 0, buf_len);
-
-	memset(&s, 0, sizeof(s));
-	s.symbol.MaxNameLen = MY_MAX_FILENAME;
-	s.symbol.SizeOfStruct = sizeof(SYMBOL_INFO);
-
-	memset(&line, 0, sizeof(line));
-	line.SizeOfStruct = sizeof(IMAGEHLP_LINE64);
-
-	for (k=0; k < pdata->nr_frames; k++) {
-		DWORD64 frame_k = (DWORD64)pdata->frames[k];
-		DWORD dwUnused;
-
-		if (SymFromAddr(g_win32_stack_process, frame_k, 0, &s.symbol) &&
-			SymGetLineFromAddr64(g_win32_stack_process, frame_k, &dwUnused, &line)) {
-			const char *pslash;
-			const char *pfile;
-
-			pslash = strrchr(line.FileName, '\\');
-			pfile = ((pslash) ? (pslash+1) : line.FileName);
-			p_snprintf(detail, sizeof(detail), "%s%s:%d> %s%s",
-					   prefix, pfile, line.LineNumber, s.symbol.Name, suffix);
-		} else {
-			/* This happens when we cross into another module.
-			 * For example, in CLAR tests, this is typically
-			 * the CRT startup code.  Just print an unknown
-			 * frame and continue.
-			 */
-			p_snprintf(detail, sizeof(detail), "%s??%s", prefix, suffix);
-		}
-		detail_len = strlen(detail);
-
-		if (buf_len < (buf_used + detail_len + 1)) {
-			/* we don't have room for this frame in the buffer, so just stop. */
-			break;
-		}
-
-		memcpy(&pbuf[buf_used], detail, detail_len);
-		buf_used += detail_len;
-	}
-
-	/* "aux_id" 0 is reserved to mean no aux data. This is needed to handle
-	 * allocs that occur before the aux callbacks were registered.
-	 */
-	if (pdata->aux_id > 0) {
-		p_snprintf(detail, sizeof(detail), "%saux_id: %d%s",
-				   prefix, pdata->aux_id, suffix);
-		detail_len = strlen(detail);
-		if ((buf_used + detail_len + 1) < buf_len) {
-			memcpy(&pbuf[buf_used], detail, detail_len);
-			buf_used += detail_len;
-		}
-
-		/* If an "aux" data provider is still registered, ask it to append its detailed
-		 * data to the end of ours using the "aux_id" it gave us when this de-duped
-		 * item was created.
-		 */
-		if (g_aux_cb_lookup)
-			(g_aux_cb_lookup)(pdata->aux_id, &pbuf[buf_used], (buf_len - buf_used - 1));
-	}
-
-	return GIT_OK;
-}
-
-int git_win32__stack(
-	char * pbuf, size_t buf_len,
-	int skip,
-	const char *prefix, const char *suffix)
-{
-	git_win32__stack__raw_data data;
-	int error;
-
-	if ((error = git_win32__stack_capture(&data, skip)) < 0)
-		return error;
-	if ((error = git_win32__stack_format(pbuf, buf_len, &data, prefix, suffix)) < 0)
-		return error;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-#endif
diff --git a/src/win32/w32_stack.h b/src/win32/w32_stack.h
deleted file mode 100644
index c2565c2..0000000
--- a/src/win32/w32_stack.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,140 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
- * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
- */
-
-#ifndef INCLUDE_win32_w32_stack_h__
-#define INCLUDE_win32_w32_stack_h__
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#if defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
-
-/**
- * This type defines a callback to be used to augment a C stacktrace
- * with "aux" data. This can be used, for example, to allow LibGit2Sharp
- * (or other interpreted consumer libraries) to give us C# stacktrace
- * data for the PInvoke.
- *
- * This callback will be called during crtdbg-instrumented allocs.
- *
- * @param aux_id [out] A returned "aux_id" representing a unique
- * (de-duped at the C# layer) stacktrace.  "aux_id" 0 is reserved
- * to mean no aux stacktrace data.
- */
-typedef void (*git_win32__stack__aux_cb_alloc)(unsigned int *aux_id);
-
-/**
- * This type defines a callback to be used to augment the output of
- * a stacktrace.  This will be used to request the C# layer format
- * the C# stacktrace associated with "aux_id" into the provided
- * buffer.
- *
- * This callback will be called during leak reporting.
- *
- * @param aux_id The "aux_id" key associated with a stacktrace.
- * @param aux_msg A buffer where a formatted message should be written.
- * @param aux_msg_len The size of the buffer.
- */
-typedef void (*git_win32__stack__aux_cb_lookup)(unsigned int aux_id, char *aux_msg, size_t aux_msg_len);
-
-/**
- * Register an "aux" data provider to augment our C stacktrace data.
- *
- * This can be used, for example, to allow LibGit2Sharp (or other
- * interpreted consumer libraries) to give us the C# stacktrace of
- * the PInvoke.
- *
- * If you choose to use this feature, it should be registered during
- * initialization and not changed for the duration of the process.
- */
-GIT_EXTERN(int) git_win32__stack__set_aux_cb(
-	git_win32__stack__aux_cb_alloc cb_alloc,
-	git_win32__stack__aux_cb_lookup cb_lookup);
-
-/**
- * Maximum number of stackframes to record for a
- * single stacktrace.
- */
-#define GIT_WIN32__STACK__MAX_FRAMES 30
-
-/**
- * Wrapper containing the raw unprocessed stackframe
- * data for a single stacktrace and any "aux_id".
- *
- * I put the aux_id first so leaks will be sorted by it.
- * So, for example, if a specific callstack in C# leaks
- * a repo handle, all of the pointers within the associated
- * repo pointer will be grouped together.
- */
-typedef struct {
-	unsigned int aux_id;
-	unsigned int nr_frames;
-	void *frames[GIT_WIN32__STACK__MAX_FRAMES];
-} git_win32__stack__raw_data;
-
-
-/**
- * Load symbol table data.  This should be done in the primary
- * thread at startup (under a lock if there are other threads
- * active).
- */
-void git_win32__stack_init(void);
-
-/**
- * Cleanup symbol table data.  This should be done in the
- * primary thead at shutdown (under a lock if there are other
- * threads active).
- */
-void git_win32__stack_cleanup(void);
-
-
-/**
- * Capture raw stack trace data for the current process/thread.
- *
- * @param skip Number of initial frames to skip.  Pass 0 to
- * begin with the caller of this routine. Pass 1 to begin
- * with its caller.  And so on.
- */
-int git_win32__stack_capture(git_win32__stack__raw_data *pdata, int skip);
-
-/**
- * Compare 2 raw stacktraces with the usual -1,0,+1 result.
- * This includes any "aux_id" values in the comparison, so that
- * our de-dup is also "aux" context relative.
- */
-int git_win32__stack_compare(
-	git_win32__stack__raw_data *d1,
-	git_win32__stack__raw_data *d2);
-
-/**
- * Format raw stacktrace data into buffer WITHOUT using any mallocs.
- *
- * @param prefix String written before each frame; defaults to "\t".
- * @param suffix String written after each frame; defaults to "\n".
- */
-int git_win32__stack_format(
-	char *pbuf, size_t buf_len,
-	const git_win32__stack__raw_data *pdata,
-	const char *prefix, const char *suffix);
-
-/**
- * Convenience routine to capture and format stacktrace into
- * a buffer WITHOUT using any mallocs.  This is primarily a
- * wrapper for testing.
- *
- * @param skip Number of initial frames to skip. Pass 0 to
- * begin with the caller of this routine.  Pass 1 to begin
- * with its caller.  And so on.
- * @param prefix String written before each frame; defaults to "\t".
- * @param suffix String written after each frame; defaults to "\n".
- */
-int git_win32__stack(
-	char * pbuf, size_t buf_len,
-	int skip,
-	const char *prefix, const char *suffix);
-
-#endif /* GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG */
-#endif
diff --git a/src/win32/w32_util.h b/src/win32/w32_util.h
index d7f9d3d..1321d30 100644
--- a/src/win32/w32_util.h
+++ b/src/win32/w32_util.h
@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ GIT_INLINE(void) git_win32__filetime_to_timespec(
 	const FILETIME *ft,
 	struct timespec *ts)
 {
-	long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
-	winTime -= 116444736000000000LL; /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
+	int64_t winTime = ((int64_t)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
+	winTime -= INT64_C(116444736000000000); /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 	ts->tv_sec = (time_t)(winTime / 10000000);
 #ifdef GIT_USE_NSEC
 	ts->tv_nsec = (winTime % 10000000) * 100;
@@ -87,11 +87,11 @@ GIT_INLINE(void) git_win32__filetime_to_timespec(
 GIT_INLINE(void) git_win32__timeval_to_filetime(
 	FILETIME *ft, const struct p_timeval tv)
 {
-	long long ticks = (tv.tv_sec * 10000000LL) +
-		(tv.tv_usec * 10LL) + 116444736000000000LL;
+	int64_t ticks = (tv.tv_sec * INT64_C(10000000)) +
+		(tv.tv_usec * INT64_C(10)) + INT64_C(116444736000000000);
 
-	ft->dwHighDateTime = ((ticks >> 32) & 0xffffffffLL);
-	ft->dwLowDateTime = (ticks & 0xffffffffLL);
+	ft->dwHighDateTime = ((ticks >> 32) & INT64_C(0xffffffff));
+	ft->dwLowDateTime = (ticks & INT64_C(0xffffffff));
 }
 
 GIT_INLINE(void) git_win32__stat_init(
diff --git a/src/worktree.c b/src/worktree.c
index ef4ebfd..fe8db77 100644
--- a/src/worktree.c
+++ b/src/worktree.c
@@ -37,12 +37,13 @@ int git_worktree_list(git_strarray *wts, git_repository *repo)
 	size_t i, len;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(wts && repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(wts);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
 
 	wts->count = 0;
 	wts->strings = NULL;
 
-	if ((error = git_buf_printf(&path, "%s/worktrees/", repo->commondir)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&path, repo->commondir, "worktrees/")) < 0)
 		goto exit;
 	if (!git_path_exists(path.ptr) || git_path_is_empty_dir(path.ptr))
 		goto exit;
@@ -73,7 +74,8 @@ char *git_worktree__read_link(const char *base, const char *file)
 {
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT, buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	assert(base && file);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(base, NULL);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(file, NULL);
 
 	if (git_buf_joinpath(&path, base, file) < 0)
 		goto err;
@@ -106,7 +108,9 @@ static int write_wtfile(const char *base, const char *file, const git_buf *buf)
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int err;
 
-	assert(base && file && buf);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(base);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(file);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(buf);
 
 	if ((err = git_buf_joinpath(&path, base, file)) < 0)
 		goto out;
@@ -131,16 +135,19 @@ static int open_worktree_dir(git_worktree **out, const char *parent, const char 
 		goto out;
 	}
 
+	if ((error = git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, dir)) < 0)
+		goto out;
+
 	if ((wt = git__calloc(1, sizeof(*wt))) == NULL) {
 		error = -1;
 		goto out;
 	}
 
-	if ((wt->name = git__strdup(name)) == NULL
-	    || (wt->commondir_path = git_worktree__read_link(dir, "commondir")) == NULL
-	    || (wt->gitlink_path = git_worktree__read_link(dir, "gitdir")) == NULL
-	    || (parent && (wt->parent_path = git__strdup(parent)) == NULL)
-	    || (wt->worktree_path = git_path_dirname(wt->gitlink_path)) == NULL) {
+	if ((wt->name = git__strdup(name)) == NULL ||
+	    (wt->commondir_path = git_worktree__read_link(dir, "commondir")) == NULL ||
+	    (wt->gitlink_path = git_worktree__read_link(dir, "gitdir")) == NULL ||
+	    (parent && (wt->parent_path = git__strdup(parent)) == NULL) ||
+	    (wt->worktree_path = git_path_dirname(wt->gitlink_path)) == NULL) {
 		error = -1;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -149,7 +156,10 @@ static int open_worktree_dir(git_worktree **out, const char *parent, const char 
 		goto out;
 	wt->gitdir_path = git_buf_detach(&gitdir);
 
-	wt->locked = !!git_worktree_is_locked(NULL, wt);
+	if ((error = git_worktree_is_locked(NULL, wt)) < 0)
+		goto out;
+	wt->locked = !!error;
+	error = 0;
 
 	*out = wt;
 
@@ -167,11 +177,12 @@ int git_worktree_lookup(git_worktree **out, git_repository *repo, const char *na
 	git_worktree *wt = NULL;
 	int error;
 
-	assert(repo && name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
-	if ((error = git_buf_printf(&path, "%s/worktrees/%s", repo->commondir, name)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_buf_join3(&path, '/', repo->commondir, "worktrees", name)) < 0)
 		goto out;
 
 	if ((error = (open_worktree_dir(out, git_repository_workdir(repo), path.ptr, name))) < 0)
@@ -234,7 +245,7 @@ void git_worktree_free(git_worktree *wt)
 
 int git_worktree_validate(const git_worktree *wt)
 {
-	assert(wt);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(wt);
 
 	if (!is_worktree_dir(wt->gitdir_path)) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_WORKTREE,
@@ -257,6 +268,13 @@ int git_worktree_validate(const git_worktree *wt)
 		return GIT_ERROR;
 	}
 
+	if (!git_path_exists(wt->worktree_path)) {
+		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_WORKTREE,
+			"worktree directory '%s' does not exist",
+			wt->worktree_path);
+		return GIT_ERROR;
+	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -268,11 +286,13 @@ int git_worktree_add_options_init(git_worktree_add_options *opts,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 int git_worktree_add_init_options(git_worktree_add_options *opts,
 	unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_worktree_add_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 int git_worktree_add(git_worktree **out, git_repository *repo,
 	const char *name, const char *worktree,
@@ -292,7 +312,10 @@ int git_worktree_add(git_worktree **out, git_repository *repo,
 	if (opts)
 		memcpy(&wtopts, opts, sizeof(wtopts));
 
-	assert(out && repo && name && worktree);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(out);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(repo);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(name);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(worktree);
 
 	*out = NULL;
 
@@ -403,20 +426,24 @@ out:
 int git_worktree_lock(git_worktree *wt, const char *reason)
 {
 	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT, path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
-	int err;
+	int error;
 
-	assert(wt);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(wt);
 
-	if ((err = git_worktree_is_locked(NULL, wt)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_worktree_is_locked(NULL, wt)) < 0)
 		goto out;
+	if (error) {
+		error = GIT_ELOCKED;
+		goto out;
+	}
 
-	if ((err = git_buf_joinpath(&path, wt->gitdir_path, "locked")) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&path, wt->gitdir_path, "locked")) < 0)
 		goto out;
 
 	if (reason)
 		git_buf_attach_notowned(&buf, reason, strlen(reason));
 
-	if ((err = git_futils_writebuffer(&buf, path.ptr, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY, 0644)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_futils_writebuffer(&buf, path.ptr, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY, 0644)) < 0)
 		goto out;
 
 	wt->locked = 1;
@@ -424,16 +451,19 @@ int git_worktree_lock(git_worktree *wt, const char *reason)
 out:
 	git_buf_dispose(&path);
 
-	return err;
+	return error;
 }
 
 int git_worktree_unlock(git_worktree *wt)
 {
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	int error;
 
-	assert(wt);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(wt);
 
-	if (!git_worktree_is_locked(NULL, wt))
+	if ((error = git_worktree_is_locked(NULL, wt)) < 0)
+		return error;
+	if (!error)
 		return 1;
 
 	if (git_buf_joinpath(&path, wt->gitdir_path, "locked") < 0)
@@ -454,33 +484,36 @@ int git_worktree_unlock(git_worktree *wt)
 int git_worktree_is_locked(git_buf *reason, const git_worktree *wt)
 {
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
-	int ret;
+	int error, locked;
 
-	assert(wt);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(wt);
 
 	if (reason)
 		git_buf_clear(reason);
 
-	if ((ret = git_buf_joinpath(&path, wt->gitdir_path, "locked")) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_buf_joinpath(&path, wt->gitdir_path, "locked")) < 0)
+		goto out;
+	locked = git_path_exists(path.ptr);
+	if (locked && reason &&
+	    (error = git_futils_readbuffer(reason, path.ptr)) < 0)
 		goto out;
-	if ((ret = git_path_exists(path.ptr)) && reason)
-		git_futils_readbuffer(reason, path.ptr);
 
+	error = locked;
 out:
 	git_buf_dispose(&path);
 
-	return ret;
+	return error;
 }
 
 const char *git_worktree_name(const git_worktree *wt)
 {
-	assert(wt);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(wt, NULL);
 	return wt->name;
 }
 
 const char *git_worktree_path(const git_worktree *wt)
 {
-	assert(wt);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(wt, NULL);
 	return wt->worktree_path;
 }
 
@@ -493,16 +526,17 @@ int git_worktree_prune_options_init(
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int git_worktree_pruneinit_options(git_worktree_prune_options *opts,
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
+int git_worktree_prune_init_options(git_worktree_prune_options *opts,
 	unsigned int version)
 {
 	return git_worktree_prune_options_init(opts, version);
 }
+#endif
 
 int git_worktree_is_prunable(git_worktree *wt,
 	git_worktree_prune_options *opts)
 {
-	git_buf reason = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	git_worktree_prune_options popts = GIT_WORKTREE_PRUNE_OPTIONS_INIT;
 
 	GIT_ERROR_CHECK_VERSION(
@@ -512,20 +546,24 @@ int git_worktree_is_prunable(git_worktree *wt,
 	if (opts)
 		memcpy(&popts, opts, sizeof(popts));
 
-	if ((popts.flags & GIT_WORKTREE_PRUNE_LOCKED) == 0 &&
-		git_worktree_is_locked(&reason, wt))
-	{
-		if (!reason.size)
-			git_buf_attach_notowned(&reason, "no reason given", 15);
-		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_WORKTREE, "not pruning locked working tree: '%s'", reason.ptr);
-		git_buf_dispose(&reason);
+	if ((popts.flags & GIT_WORKTREE_PRUNE_LOCKED) == 0) {
+		git_buf reason = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+		int error;
 
-		return 0;
+		if ((error = git_worktree_is_locked(&reason, wt)) < 0)
+			return error;
+
+		if (error) {
+			if (!reason.size)
+				git_buf_attach_notowned(&reason, "no reason given", 15);
+			git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_WORKTREE, "not pruning locked working tree: '%s'", reason.ptr);
+			git_buf_dispose(&reason);
+			return 0;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if ((popts.flags & GIT_WORKTREE_PRUNE_VALID) == 0 &&
-		git_worktree_validate(wt) == 0)
-	{
+	    git_worktree_validate(wt) == 0) {
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_WORKTREE, "not pruning valid working tree");
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -554,7 +592,7 @@ int git_worktree_prune(git_worktree *wt,
 	}
 
 	/* Delete gitdir in parent repository */
-	if ((err = git_buf_printf(&path, "%s/worktrees/%s", wt->commondir_path, wt->name)) < 0)
+	if ((err = git_buf_join3(&path, '/', wt->commondir_path, "worktrees", wt->name)) < 0)
 		goto out;
 	if (!git_path_exists(path.ptr))
 	{
diff --git a/src/zstream.c b/src/zstream.c
index 975ead2..a567567 100644
--- a/src/zstream.c
+++ b/src/zstream.c
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ int git_zstream_get_output(void *out, size_t *out_len, git_zstream *zstream)
 	}
 
 	/* either we finished the input or we did not flush the data */
-	assert(zstream->in_len > 0 || zstream->flush == Z_FINISH);
+	GIT_ASSERT(zstream->in_len > 0 || zstream->flush == Z_FINISH);
 
 	/* set out_size to number of bytes actually written to output */
 	*out_len = *out_len - out_remain;
diff --git a/tests/CMakeLists.txt b/tests/CMakeLists.txt
index 6f8a18e..600c617 100644
--- a/tests/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/tests/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+SET(Python_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS 3 2.7)
 FIND_PACKAGE(PythonInterp)
 
 IF(NOT PYTHONINTERP_FOUND)
@@ -9,6 +10,7 @@ SET(CLAR_FIXTURES "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/resources/")
 SET(CLAR_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}")
 ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DCLAR_FIXTURE_PATH=\"${CLAR_FIXTURES}\")
 ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DCLAR_TMPDIR=\"libgit2_tests\")
+ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DCLAR_WIN32_LONGPATHS)
 ADD_DEFINITIONS(-D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64)
 
 # Ensure that we do not use deprecated functions internally
diff --git a/tests/apply/apply_helpers.h b/tests/apply/apply_helpers.h
index 2d0019a..8209477 100644
--- a/tests/apply/apply_helpers.h
+++ b/tests/apply/apply_helpers.h
@@ -474,6 +474,15 @@
 	"-asparagus which had been laid by, boil it until these last articles are\n" \
 	"-sufficiently done, thicken with flour, butter and milk, and serve it up.\n"
 
+#define DIFF_ADD_INVALID_FILENAME \
+	"diff --git a/.git/hello_world.txt b/.git/hello_world.txt\n" \
+	"new file mode 100644\n" \
+	"index 0000000..f75ba05\n" \
+	"--- /dev/null\n" \
+	"+++ b/.git/hello_world.txt\n" \
+	"@@ -0,0 +1 @@\n" \
+	"+Hello, world.\n"
+
 void validate_apply_workdir(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	struct merge_index_entry *workdir_entries,
diff --git a/tests/apply/both.c b/tests/apply/both.c
index 400df5e..1089632 100644
--- a/tests/apply/both.c
+++ b/tests/apply/both.c
@@ -734,3 +734,14 @@ void test_apply_both__cant_remove_file_twice(void)
 
 	git_diff_free(diff);
 }
+
+void test_apply_both__cant_add_invalid_filename(void)
+{
+	git_diff *diff;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_diff_from_buffer(&diff, DIFF_ADD_INVALID_FILENAME,
+		strlen(DIFF_ADD_INVALID_FILENAME)));
+	cl_git_fail(git_apply(repo, diff, GIT_APPLY_LOCATION_BOTH, NULL));
+
+	git_diff_free(diff);
+}
diff --git a/tests/apply/fromdiff.c b/tests/apply/fromdiff.c
index e9329f6..69dfe09 100644
--- a/tests/apply/fromdiff.c
+++ b/tests/apply/fromdiff.c
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 
 #include "apply.h"
 #include "repository.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 
 #include "../patch/patch_common.h"
 
diff --git a/tests/apply/fromfile.c b/tests/apply/fromfile.c
index 477e283..ae519ea 100644
--- a/tests/apply/fromfile.c
+++ b/tests/apply/fromfile.c
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 #include "patch.h"
 #include "patch_parse.h"
 #include "repository.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 
 #include "../patch/patch_common.h"
 
diff --git a/tests/apply/partial.c b/tests/apply/partial.c
index 466a927..548faaa 100644
--- a/tests/apply/partial.c
+++ b/tests/apply/partial.c
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 
 #include "apply.h"
 #include "repository.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 
 #include "../patch/patch_common.h"
 
diff --git a/tests/attr/lookup.c b/tests/attr/lookup.c
index 6063468..bfb2e87 100644
--- a/tests/attr/lookup.c
+++ b/tests/attr/lookup.c
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ void test_attr_lookup__simple(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_s(cl_fixture("attr/attr0"), file->entry->path);
 	cl_assert(file->rules.length == 1);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_attr_path__init(&path, "test", NULL, GIT_DIR_FLAG_UNKNOWN));
+	cl_git_pass(git_attr_path__init(&path, NULL, "test", NULL, GIT_DIR_FLAG_UNKNOWN));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("test", path.path);
 	cl_assert_equal_s("test", path.basename);
 	cl_assert(!path.is_dir);
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ static void run_test_cases(git_attr_file *file, struct attr_expected *cases, int
 	int error;
 
 	for (c = cases; c->path != NULL; c++) {
-		cl_git_pass(git_attr_path__init(&path, c->path, NULL, GIT_DIR_FLAG_UNKNOWN));
+		cl_git_pass(git_attr_path__init(&path, NULL, c->path, NULL, GIT_DIR_FLAG_UNKNOWN));
 
 		if (force_dir)
 			path.is_dir = 1;
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ void test_attr_lookup__match_variants(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_s(cl_fixture("attr/attr1"), file->entry->path);
 	cl_assert(file->rules.length == 10);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_attr_path__init(&path, "/testing/for/pat0", NULL, GIT_DIR_FLAG_UNKNOWN));
+	cl_git_pass(git_attr_path__init(&path, NULL, "/testing/for/pat0", NULL, GIT_DIR_FLAG_UNKNOWN));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("pat0", path.basename);
 
 	run_test_cases(file, cases, 0);
@@ -236,6 +236,7 @@ void test_attr_lookup__check_attr_examples(void)
 void test_attr_lookup__from_buffer(void)
 {
 	git_attr_file *file;
+	git_attr_file_source source = {0};
 
 	struct attr_expected cases[] = {
 		{ "abc", "foo", EXPECT_TRUE, NULL },
@@ -250,7 +251,7 @@ void test_attr_lookup__from_buffer(void)
 		{ NULL, NULL, 0, NULL }
 	};
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_attr_file__new(&file, NULL, 0));
+	cl_git_pass(git_attr_file__new(&file, NULL, &source));
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_attr_file__parse_buffer(NULL, file, "a* foo\nabc bar\n* baz", true));
 
diff --git a/tests/attr/repo.c b/tests/attr/repo.c
index 36beeb0..eabc033 100644
--- a/tests/attr/repo.c
+++ b/tests/attr/repo.c
@@ -71,11 +71,11 @@ void test_attr_repo__get_one(void)
 	}
 
 	cl_assert(git_attr_cache__is_cached(
-		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE, ".git/info/attributes"));
+		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE, ".git/info/attributes"));
 	cl_assert(git_attr_cache__is_cached(
-		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE, ".gitattributes"));
+		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE, ".gitattributes"));
 	cl_assert(git_attr_cache__is_cached(
-		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE, "sub/.gitattributes"));
+		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE, "sub/.gitattributes"));
 }
 
 void test_attr_repo__get_one_start_deep(void)
@@ -92,11 +92,11 @@ void test_attr_repo__get_one_start_deep(void)
 	}
 
 	cl_assert(git_attr_cache__is_cached(
-		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE, ".git/info/attributes"));
+		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE, ".git/info/attributes"));
 	cl_assert(git_attr_cache__is_cached(
-		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE, ".gitattributes"));
+		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE, ".gitattributes"));
 	cl_assert(git_attr_cache__is_cached(
-		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE, "sub/.gitattributes"));
+		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE, "sub/.gitattributes"));
 }
 
 void test_attr_repo__get_many(void)
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ void test_attr_repo__sysdir_with_session(void)
 	g_repo = cl_git_sandbox_reopen();
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_attr_session__init(&session, g_repo));
-	cl_git_pass(git_attr_get_many_with_session(values, g_repo, &session, 0, "file", ARRAY_SIZE(attrs), attrs));
+	cl_git_pass(git_attr_get_many_with_session(values, g_repo, &session, NULL, "file", ARRAY_SIZE(attrs), attrs));
 
 	cl_assert_equal_s(values[0], "1");
 	cl_assert_equal_s(values[1], "2");
diff --git a/tests/blame/blame_helpers.c b/tests/blame/blame_helpers.c
index 61e8735..6b3ce67 100644
--- a/tests/blame/blame_helpers.c
+++ b/tests/blame/blame_helpers.c
@@ -31,13 +31,13 @@ void check_blame_hunk_index(git_repository *repo, git_blame *blame, int idx,
 	}
 
 	if (hunk->final_start_line_number != start_line) {
-		hunk_message(idx, hunk, "mismatched start line number: expected %d, got %d",
+		hunk_message(idx, hunk, "mismatched start line number: expected %"PRIuZ", got %"PRIuZ,
 				start_line, hunk->final_start_line_number);
 	}
 	cl_assert_equal_i(hunk->final_start_line_number, start_line);
 
 	if (hunk->lines_in_hunk != len) {
-		hunk_message(idx, hunk, "mismatched line count: expected %d, got %d",
+		hunk_message(idx, hunk, "mismatched line count: expected %"PRIuZ", got %"PRIuZ,
 				len, hunk->lines_in_hunk);
 	}
 	cl_assert_equal_i(hunk->lines_in_hunk, len);
diff --git a/tests/blame/blame_helpers.h b/tests/blame/blame_helpers.h
index fd5a35d..5b34b4a 100644
--- a/tests/blame/blame_helpers.h
+++ b/tests/blame/blame_helpers.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #include "clar_libgit2.h"
 #include "blame.h"
 
-void hunk_message(size_t idx, const git_blame_hunk *hunk, const char *fmt, ...);
+void hunk_message(size_t idx, const git_blame_hunk *hunk, const char *fmt, ...) GIT_FORMAT_PRINTF(3, 4);
 
 void check_blame_hunk_index(
 		git_repository *repo,
diff --git a/tests/blame/buffer.c b/tests/blame/buffer.c
index 340b1dc..06d5042 100644
--- a/tests/blame/buffer.c
+++ b/tests/blame/buffer.c
@@ -17,6 +17,32 @@ void test_blame_buffer__cleanup(void)
 	git_repository_free(g_repo);
 }
 
+void test_blame_buffer__index(void)
+{
+	const git_blame_hunk *hunk;
+	const char *buffer = "Hello\nWorld!";
+
+	/*
+	 * We need to open a different file from the ones used in other tests. Close
+	 * the one opened in test_blame_buffer__initialize() to avoid a leak.
+	 */
+	git_blame_free(g_fileblame);
+	g_fileblame = NULL;
+	cl_git_pass(git_blame_file(&g_fileblame, g_repo, "file.txt", NULL));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_blame_buffer(&g_bufferblame, g_fileblame, buffer, strlen(buffer)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(2, git_blame_get_hunk_count(g_bufferblame));
+
+	check_blame_hunk_index(g_repo, g_bufferblame, 0,  1, 1, 0, "836bc00b", "file.txt");
+	hunk = git_blame_get_hunk_byline(g_bufferblame, 1);
+	cl_assert(hunk);
+	cl_assert_equal_s("lhchavez", hunk->final_signature->name);
+	check_blame_hunk_index(g_repo, g_bufferblame, 1,  2, 1, 0, "00000000", "file.txt");
+	hunk = git_blame_get_hunk_byline(g_bufferblame, 2);
+	cl_assert(hunk);
+	cl_assert(hunk->final_signature == NULL);
+}
+
 void test_blame_buffer__added_line(void)
 {
 	const git_blame_hunk *hunk;
diff --git a/tests/blame/simple.c b/tests/blame/simple.c
index 16e7bc4..6b13ccc 100644
--- a/tests/blame/simple.c
+++ b/tests/blame/simple.c
@@ -239,6 +239,24 @@ void test_blame_simple__can_restrict_lines_min(void)
 }
 
 /*
+ * $ git blame -n c.txt
+ *    orig line no                          final line no
+ * commit    V  author      timestamp                  V
+ * 702c7aa5  1 (Carl Schwan 2020-01-29 01:52:31 +0100  4
+ */
+void test_blame_simple__can_ignore_whitespace_change(void)
+{
+	git_blame_options opts = GIT_BLAME_OPTIONS_INIT;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&g_repo, cl_fixture("blametest.git")));
+
+	opts.flags |= GIT_BLAME_IGNORE_WHITESPACE;
+	cl_git_pass(git_blame_file(&g_blame, g_repo, "c.txt", &opts));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(1, git_blame_get_hunk_count(g_blame));
+	check_blame_hunk_index(g_repo, g_blame, 0,  1, 4, 0, "702c7aa5", "c.txt");
+}
+
+/*
  * $ git blame -n b.txt -L ,6
  *    orig line no                          final line no
  * commit    V  author     timestamp                  V
diff --git a/tests/checkout/crlf.c b/tests/checkout/crlf.c
index 65e13a6..4950201 100644
--- a/tests/checkout/crlf.c
+++ b/tests/checkout/crlf.c
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ done:
 		git_buf details = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 		git_buf_printf(&details, "filename=%s, system=%s, autocrlf=%s, attrs={%s}",
 			git_path_basename(actual_path->ptr), systype, cd->autocrlf, cd->attrs);
-		clar__fail(__FILE__, __LINE__,
+		clar__fail(__FILE__, __func__, __LINE__,
 			"checked out contents did not match expected", details.ptr, 0);
 		git_buf_dispose(&details);
 	}
diff --git a/tests/checkout/head.c b/tests/checkout/head.c
index 7991230..5b3a034 100644
--- a/tests/checkout/head.c
+++ b/tests/checkout/head.c
@@ -109,6 +109,32 @@ void test_checkout_head__do_not_remove_untracked_file_in_subdir(void)
 	cl_assert(git_path_isfile("testrepo/tracked/subdir/untracked"));
 }
 
+void test_checkout_head__do_remove_untracked_paths(void)
+{
+	git_checkout_options opts = GIT_CHECKOUT_OPTIONS_INIT;
+	git_index *index;
+	char *paths[] = {"tracked/untracked"};
+
+	cl_git_pass(p_mkdir("testrepo/tracked", 0755));
+	cl_git_pass(p_mkdir("testrepo/tracked/subdir", 0755));
+	cl_git_mkfile("testrepo/tracked/tracked", "tracked\n");
+	cl_git_mkfile("testrepo/tracked/untracked", "untracked\n");
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_index(&index, g_repo));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add_bypath(index, "tracked/tracked"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_write(index));
+
+	git_index_free(index);
+
+	opts.checkout_strategy = GIT_CHECKOUT_FORCE | GIT_CHECKOUT_REMOVE_UNTRACKED;
+	opts.paths.strings = paths;
+	opts.paths.count = 1;
+	cl_git_pass(git_checkout_head(g_repo, &opts));
+
+	cl_assert(git_path_isfile("testrepo/tracked/tracked"));
+	cl_assert(!git_path_isfile("testrepo/tracked/untracked"));
+}
+
 void test_checkout_head__do_remove_tracked_subdir(void)
 {
 	git_checkout_options opts = GIT_CHECKOUT_OPTIONS_INIT;
diff --git a/tests/checkout/index.c b/tests/checkout/index.c
index a76c471..5089753 100644
--- a/tests/checkout/index.c
+++ b/tests/checkout/index.c
@@ -89,6 +89,61 @@ void test_checkout_index__can_remove_untracked_files(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_path_isdir("./testrepo/dir"));
 }
 
+void test_checkout_index__can_disable_pathspec_match(void)
+{
+	char *files_to_checkout[] = { "test10.txt", "test11.txt"};
+	git_checkout_options opts = GIT_CHECKOUT_OPTIONS_INIT;
+	git_object *objects;
+	git_index *index;
+
+	/* reset to beginning of history (i.e. just a README file) */
+	opts.checkout_strategy = GIT_CHECKOUT_FORCE | GIT_CHECKOUT_REMOVE_UNTRACKED;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_revparse_single(&objects, g_repo, "8496071c1b46c854b31185ea97743be6a8774479"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_checkout_tree(g_repo, objects, &opts));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_set_head_detached(g_repo, git_object_id(objects)));
+	git_object_free(objects);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_index(&index, g_repo));
+
+	/* We create 4 files and commit them */
+	cl_git_mkfile("testrepo/test9.txt", "original\n");
+	cl_git_mkfile("testrepo/test10.txt", "original\n");
+	cl_git_mkfile("testrepo/test11.txt", "original\n");
+	cl_git_mkfile("testrepo/test12.txt", "original\n");
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add_bypath(index, "test9.txt"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add_bypath(index, "test10.txt"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add_bypath(index, "test11.txt"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add_bypath(index, "test12.txt"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_write(index));
+
+	cl_repo_commit_from_index(NULL, g_repo, NULL, 0, "commit our test files");
+
+	/* We modify the content of all 4 of our files */
+	cl_git_rewritefile("testrepo/test9.txt", "modified\n");
+	cl_git_rewritefile("testrepo/test10.txt", "modified\n");
+	cl_git_rewritefile("testrepo/test11.txt", "modified\n");
+	cl_git_rewritefile("testrepo/test12.txt", "modified\n");
+
+	/* We checkout only test10.txt and test11.txt */
+	opts.checkout_strategy =
+		GIT_CHECKOUT_FORCE |
+		GIT_CHECKOUT_DISABLE_PATHSPEC_MATCH;
+	opts.paths.strings = files_to_checkout;
+	opts.paths.count = ARRAY_SIZE(files_to_checkout);
+	cl_git_pass(git_checkout_index(g_repo, NULL, &opts));
+
+	/* The only files that have been reverted to their original content
+	   should be test10.txt and test11.txt */
+	check_file_contents("testrepo/test9.txt", "modified\n");
+	check_file_contents("testrepo/test10.txt", "original\n");
+	check_file_contents("testrepo/test11.txt", "original\n");
+	check_file_contents("testrepo/test12.txt", "modified\n");
+
+	git_index_free(index);
+}
+
 void test_checkout_index__honor_the_specified_pathspecs(void)
 {
 	git_checkout_options opts = GIT_CHECKOUT_OPTIONS_INIT;
diff --git a/tests/checkout/tree.c b/tests/checkout/tree.c
index 380d251..f8d9abe 100644
--- a/tests/checkout/tree.c
+++ b/tests/checkout/tree.c
@@ -917,7 +917,7 @@ void test_checkout_tree__extremely_long_file_name(void)
 {
 	/* A utf-8 string with 83 characters, but 249 bytes. */
 	const char *longname = "\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97\xe5\x8f\x97";
-	char path[1024];
+	char path[1024] = {0};
 
 	g_opts.checkout_strategy = GIT_CHECKOUT_FORCE;
 	cl_git_pass(git_revparse_single(&g_object, g_repo, "long-file-name"));
diff --git a/tests/clar.c b/tests/clar.c
index ead13f4..ca508d0 100644
--- a/tests/clar.c
+++ b/tests/clar.c
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ fixture_path(const char *base, const char *fixture_name);
 
 struct clar_error {
 	const char *file;
+	const char *function;
 	size_t line_number;
 	const char *error_msg;
 	char *description;
@@ -140,6 +141,8 @@ static struct {
 	int tests_ran;
 	int suites_ran;
 
+	enum cl_output_format output_format;
+
 	int report_errors_only;
 	int exit_on_error;
 	int report_suite_names;
@@ -293,6 +296,7 @@ clar_run_suite(const struct clar_suite *suite, const char *filter)
 	const struct clar_func *test = suite->tests;
 	size_t i, matchlen;
 	struct clar_report *report;
+	int exact = 0;
 
 	if (!suite->enabled)
 		return;
@@ -317,6 +321,11 @@ clar_run_suite(const struct clar_suite *suite, const char *filter)
 			while (*filter == ':')
 				++filter;
 			matchlen = strlen(filter);
+
+			if (matchlen && filter[matchlen - 1] == '$') {
+				exact = 1;
+				matchlen--;
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -324,6 +333,9 @@ clar_run_suite(const struct clar_suite *suite, const char *filter)
 		if (filter && strncmp(test[i].name, filter, matchlen))
 			continue;
 
+		if (exact && strlen(test[i].name) != matchlen)
+			continue;
+
 		_clar.active_test = test[i].name;
 
 		report = calloc(1, sizeof(struct clar_report));
@@ -361,6 +373,7 @@ clar_usage(const char *arg)
 	printf("  -v            Increase verbosity (show suite names)\n");
 	printf("  -q            Only report tests that had an error\n");
 	printf("  -Q            Quit as soon as a test fails\n");
+	printf("  -t            Display results in tap format\n");
 	printf("  -l            Print suite names\n");
 	printf("  -r[filename]  Write summary file (to the optional filename)\n");
 	exit(-1);
@@ -376,7 +389,7 @@ clar_parse_args(int argc, char **argv)
 		char *argument = argv[i];
 
 		if (argument[0] != '-' || argument[1] == '\0'
-		    || strchr("sixvqQlr", argument[1]) == NULL) {
+		    || strchr("sixvqQtlr", argument[1]) == NULL) {
 			clar_usage(argv[0]);
 		}
 	}
@@ -459,6 +472,10 @@ clar_parse_args(int argc, char **argv)
 			_clar.exit_on_error = 1;
 			break;
 
+		case 't':
+			_clar.output_format = CL_OUTPUT_TAP;
+			break;
+
 		case 'l': {
 			size_t j;
 			printf("Test suites (use -s<name> to run just one):\n");
@@ -487,6 +504,9 @@ clar_parse_args(int argc, char **argv)
 void
 clar_test_init(int argc, char **argv)
 {
+	if (argc > 1)
+		clar_parse_args(argc, argv);
+
 	clar_print_init(
 		(int)_clar_callback_count,
 		(int)_clar_suite_count,
@@ -498,9 +518,6 @@ clar_test_init(int argc, char **argv)
 		_clar.summary_filename = strdup(_clar.summary_filename);
 	}
 
-	if (argc > 1)
-		clar_parse_args(argc, argv);
-
 	if (_clar.write_summary &&
 	    !(_clar.summary = clar_summary_init(_clar.summary_filename))) {
 		clar_print_onabort("Failed to open the summary file\n");
@@ -596,6 +613,7 @@ void clar__skip(void)
 
 void clar__fail(
 	const char *file,
+	const char *function,
 	size_t line,
 	const char *error_msg,
 	const char *description,
@@ -612,6 +630,7 @@ void clar__fail(
 	_clar.last_report->last_error = error;
 
 	error->file = file;
+	error->function = function;
 	error->line_number = line;
 	error->error_msg = error_msg;
 
@@ -628,6 +647,7 @@ void clar__fail(
 void clar__assert(
 	int condition,
 	const char *file,
+	const char *function,
 	size_t line,
 	const char *error_msg,
 	const char *description,
@@ -636,11 +656,12 @@ void clar__assert(
 	if (condition)
 		return;
 
-	clar__fail(file, line, error_msg, description, should_abort);
+	clar__fail(file, function, line, error_msg, description, should_abort);
 }
 
 void clar__assert_equal(
 	const char *file,
+	const char *function,
 	size_t line,
 	const char *err,
 	int should_abort,
@@ -751,7 +772,7 @@ void clar__assert_equal(
 	va_end(args);
 
 	if (!is_equal)
-		clar__fail(file, line, err, buf, should_abort);
+		clar__fail(file, function, line, err, buf, should_abort);
 }
 
 void cl_set_cleanup(void (*cleanup)(void *), void *opaque)
diff --git a/tests/clar.h b/tests/clar.h
index 20ff4c8..8c22382 100644
--- a/tests/clar.h
+++ b/tests/clar.h
@@ -16,6 +16,11 @@ enum cl_test_status {
 	CL_TEST_NOTRUN,
 };
 
+enum cl_output_format {
+	CL_OUTPUT_CLAP,
+	CL_OUTPUT_TAP,
+};
+
 /** Setup clar environment */
 void clar_test_init(int argc, char *argv[]);
 int clar_test_run(void);
@@ -81,16 +86,16 @@ const char *cl_fixture_basename(const char *fixture_name);
 /**
  * Assertion macros with explicit error message
  */
-#define cl_must_pass_(expr, desc) clar__assert((expr) >= 0, __FILE__, __LINE__, "Function call failed: " #expr, desc, 1)
-#define cl_must_fail_(expr, desc) clar__assert((expr) < 0, __FILE__, __LINE__, "Expected function call to fail: " #expr, desc, 1)
-#define cl_assert_(expr, desc) clar__assert((expr) != 0, __FILE__, __LINE__, "Expression is not true: " #expr, desc, 1)
+#define cl_must_pass_(expr, desc) clar__assert((expr) >= 0, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__, "Function call failed: " #expr, desc, 1)
+#define cl_must_fail_(expr, desc) clar__assert((expr) < 0, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__, "Expected function call to fail: " #expr, desc, 1)
+#define cl_assert_(expr, desc) clar__assert((expr) != 0, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__, "Expression is not true: " #expr, desc, 1)
 
 /**
  * Check macros with explicit error message
  */
-#define cl_check_pass_(expr, desc) clar__assert((expr) >= 0, __FILE__, __LINE__, "Function call failed: " #expr, desc, 0)
-#define cl_check_fail_(expr, desc) clar__assert((expr) < 0, __FILE__, __LINE__, "Expected function call to fail: " #expr, desc, 0)
-#define cl_check_(expr, desc) clar__assert((expr) != 0, __FILE__, __LINE__, "Expression is not true: " #expr, desc, 0)
+#define cl_check_pass_(expr, desc) clar__assert((expr) >= 0, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__, "Function call failed: " #expr, desc, 0)
+#define cl_check_fail_(expr, desc) clar__assert((expr) < 0, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__, "Expected function call to fail: " #expr, desc, 0)
+#define cl_check_(expr, desc) clar__assert((expr) != 0, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__, "Expression is not true: " #expr, desc, 0)
 
 /**
  * Assertion macros with no error message
@@ -109,38 +114,39 @@ const char *cl_fixture_basename(const char *fixture_name);
 /**
  * Forced failure/warning
  */
-#define cl_fail(desc) clar__fail(__FILE__, __LINE__, "Test failed.", desc, 1)
-#define cl_warning(desc) clar__fail(__FILE__, __LINE__, "Warning during test execution:", desc, 0)
+#define cl_fail(desc) clar__fail(__FILE__, __func__, __LINE__, "Test failed.", desc, 1)
+#define cl_warning(desc) clar__fail(__FILE__, __func__, __LINE__, "Warning during test execution:", desc, 0)
 
 #define cl_skip() clar__skip()
 
 /**
  * Typed assertion macros
  */
-#define cl_assert_equal_s(s1,s2) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #s1 " != " #s2, 1, "%s", (s1), (s2))
-#define cl_assert_equal_s_(s1,s2,note) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #s1 " != " #s2 " (" #note ")", 1, "%s", (s1), (s2))
+#define cl_assert_equal_s(s1,s2) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #s1 " != " #s2, 1, "%s", (s1), (s2))
+#define cl_assert_equal_s_(s1,s2,note) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #s1 " != " #s2 " (" #note ")", 1, "%s", (s1), (s2))
 
-#define cl_assert_equal_wcs(wcs1,wcs2) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #wcs1 " != " #wcs2, 1, "%ls", (wcs1), (wcs2))
-#define cl_assert_equal_wcs_(wcs1,wcs2,note) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #wcs1 " != " #wcs2 " (" #note ")", 1, "%ls", (wcs1), (wcs2))
+#define cl_assert_equal_wcs(wcs1,wcs2) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #wcs1 " != " #wcs2, 1, "%ls", (wcs1), (wcs2))
+#define cl_assert_equal_wcs_(wcs1,wcs2,note) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #wcs1 " != " #wcs2 " (" #note ")", 1, "%ls", (wcs1), (wcs2))
 
-#define cl_assert_equal_strn(s1,s2,len) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #s1 " != " #s2, 1, "%.*s", (s1), (s2), (int)(len))
-#define cl_assert_equal_strn_(s1,s2,len,note) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #s1 " != " #s2 " (" #note ")", 1, "%.*s", (s1), (s2), (int)(len))
+#define cl_assert_equal_strn(s1,s2,len) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #s1 " != " #s2, 1, "%.*s", (s1), (s2), (int)(len))
+#define cl_assert_equal_strn_(s1,s2,len,note) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #s1 " != " #s2 " (" #note ")", 1, "%.*s", (s1), (s2), (int)(len))
 
-#define cl_assert_equal_wcsn(wcs1,wcs2,len) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #wcs1 " != " #wcs2, 1, "%.*ls", (wcs1), (wcs2), (int)(len))
-#define cl_assert_equal_wcsn_(wcs1,wcs2,len,note) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #wcs1 " != " #wcs2 " (" #note ")", 1, "%.*ls", (wcs1), (wcs2), (int)(len))
+#define cl_assert_equal_wcsn(wcs1,wcs2,len) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #wcs1 " != " #wcs2, 1, "%.*ls", (wcs1), (wcs2), (int)(len))
+#define cl_assert_equal_wcsn_(wcs1,wcs2,len,note) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,"String mismatch: " #wcs1 " != " #wcs2 " (" #note ")", 1, "%.*ls", (wcs1), (wcs2), (int)(len))
 
-#define cl_assert_equal_i(i1,i2) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__LINE__,#i1 " != " #i2, 1, "%d", (int)(i1), (int)(i2))
-#define cl_assert_equal_i_(i1,i2,note) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__LINE__,#i1 " != " #i2 " (" #note ")", 1, "%d", (i1), (i2))
-#define cl_assert_equal_i_fmt(i1,i2,fmt) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__LINE__,#i1 " != " #i2, 1, (fmt), (int)(i1), (int)(i2))
+#define cl_assert_equal_i(i1,i2) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,#i1 " != " #i2, 1, "%d", (int)(i1), (int)(i2))
+#define cl_assert_equal_i_(i1,i2,note) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,#i1 " != " #i2 " (" #note ")", 1, "%d", (i1), (i2))
+#define cl_assert_equal_i_fmt(i1,i2,fmt) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,#i1 " != " #i2, 1, (fmt), (int)(i1), (int)(i2))
 
-#define cl_assert_equal_b(b1,b2) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__LINE__,#b1 " != " #b2, 1, "%d", (int)((b1) != 0),(int)((b2) != 0))
+#define cl_assert_equal_b(b1,b2) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,#b1 " != " #b2, 1, "%d", (int)((b1) != 0),(int)((b2) != 0))
 
-#define cl_assert_equal_p(p1,p2) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"Pointer mismatch: " #p1 " != " #p2, 1, "%p", (p1), (p2))
+#define cl_assert_equal_p(p1,p2) clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,"Pointer mismatch: " #p1 " != " #p2, 1, "%p", (p1), (p2))
 
 void clar__skip(void);
 
 void clar__fail(
 	const char *file,
+	const char *func,
 	size_t line,
 	const char *error,
 	const char *description,
@@ -149,6 +155,7 @@ void clar__fail(
 void clar__assert(
 	int condition,
 	const char *file,
+	const char *func,
 	size_t line,
 	const char *error,
 	const char *description,
@@ -156,6 +163,7 @@ void clar__assert(
 
 void clar__assert_equal(
 	const char *file,
+	const char *func,
 	size_t line,
 	const char *err,
 	int should_abort,
diff --git a/tests/clar/fs.h b/tests/clar/fs.h
index 7c7dde6..44ede45 100644
--- a/tests/clar/fs.h
+++ b/tests/clar/fs.h
@@ -1,5 +1,19 @@
+/*
+ * By default, use a read/write loop to copy files on POSIX systems.
+ * On Linux, use sendfile by default as it's slightly faster.  On
+ * macOS, we avoid fcopyfile by default because it's slightly slower.
+ */
+#undef USE_FCOPYFILE
+#define USE_SENDFILE 1
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
 
+#ifdef CLAR_WIN32_LONGPATHS
+# define CLAR_MAX_PATH 4096
+#else
+# define CLAR_MAX_PATH MAX_PATH
+#endif
+
 #define RM_RETRY_COUNT	5
 #define RM_RETRY_DELAY	10
 
@@ -40,21 +54,48 @@ fs_rmdir_rmdir(WCHAR *_wpath)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void translate_path(WCHAR *path, size_t path_size)
+{
+    size_t path_len, i;
+
+    if (wcsncmp(path, L"\\\\?\\", 4) == 0)
+	return;
+
+    path_len = wcslen(path);
+    cl_assert(path_size > path_len + 4);
+
+    for (i = path_len; i > 0; i--) {
+	WCHAR c = path[i - 1];
+
+	if (c == L'/')
+	    path[i + 3] = L'\\';
+	else
+	    path[i + 3] = path[i - 1];
+    }
+
+    path[0] = L'\\';
+    path[1] = L'\\';
+    path[2] = L'?';
+    path[3] = L'\\';
+    path[path_len + 4] = L'\0';
+}
+
 static void
 fs_rmdir_helper(WCHAR *_wsource)
 {
-	WCHAR buffer[MAX_PATH];
+	WCHAR buffer[CLAR_MAX_PATH];
 	HANDLE find_handle;
 	WIN32_FIND_DATAW find_data;
 	size_t buffer_prefix_len;
 
 	/* Set up the buffer and capture the length */
-	wcscpy_s(buffer, MAX_PATH, _wsource);
-	wcscat_s(buffer, MAX_PATH, L"\\");
+	wcscpy_s(buffer, CLAR_MAX_PATH, _wsource);
+	translate_path(buffer, CLAR_MAX_PATH);
+	wcscat_s(buffer, CLAR_MAX_PATH, L"\\");
 	buffer_prefix_len = wcslen(buffer);
 
 	/* FindFirstFile needs a wildcard to match multiple items */
-	wcscat_s(buffer, MAX_PATH, L"*");
+	wcscat_s(buffer, CLAR_MAX_PATH, L"*");
 	find_handle = FindFirstFileW(buffer, &find_data);
 	cl_assert(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE != find_handle);
 
@@ -64,7 +105,7 @@ fs_rmdir_helper(WCHAR *_wsource)
 		if (fs__dotordotdot(find_data.cFileName))
 			continue;
 
-		wcscpy_s(buffer + buffer_prefix_len, MAX_PATH - buffer_prefix_len, find_data.cFileName);
+		wcscpy_s(buffer + buffer_prefix_len, CLAR_MAX_PATH - buffer_prefix_len, find_data.cFileName);
 
 		if (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY & find_data.dwFileAttributes)
 			fs_rmdir_helper(buffer);
@@ -115,7 +156,7 @@ fs_rm_wait(WCHAR *_wpath)
 static void
 fs_rm(const char *_source)
 {
-	WCHAR wsource[MAX_PATH];
+	WCHAR wsource[CLAR_MAX_PATH];
 	DWORD attrs;
 
 	/* The input path is UTF-8. Convert it to wide characters
@@ -125,7 +166,9 @@ fs_rm(const char *_source)
 				_source,
 				-1, /* Indicates NULL termination */
 				wsource,
-				MAX_PATH));
+				CLAR_MAX_PATH));
+
+	translate_path(wsource, CLAR_MAX_PATH);
 
 	/* Does the item exist? If not, we have no work to do */
 	attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wsource);
@@ -150,21 +193,23 @@ fs_rm(const char *_source)
 static void
 fs_copydir_helper(WCHAR *_wsource, WCHAR *_wdest)
 {
-	WCHAR buf_source[MAX_PATH], buf_dest[MAX_PATH];
+	WCHAR buf_source[CLAR_MAX_PATH], buf_dest[CLAR_MAX_PATH];
 	HANDLE find_handle;
 	WIN32_FIND_DATAW find_data;
 	size_t buf_source_prefix_len, buf_dest_prefix_len;
 
-	wcscpy_s(buf_source, MAX_PATH, _wsource);
-	wcscat_s(buf_source, MAX_PATH, L"\\");
+	wcscpy_s(buf_source, CLAR_MAX_PATH, _wsource);
+	wcscat_s(buf_source, CLAR_MAX_PATH, L"\\");
+	translate_path(buf_source, CLAR_MAX_PATH);
 	buf_source_prefix_len = wcslen(buf_source);
 
-	wcscpy_s(buf_dest, MAX_PATH, _wdest);
-	wcscat_s(buf_dest, MAX_PATH, L"\\");
+	wcscpy_s(buf_dest, CLAR_MAX_PATH, _wdest);
+	wcscat_s(buf_dest, CLAR_MAX_PATH, L"\\");
+	translate_path(buf_dest, CLAR_MAX_PATH);
 	buf_dest_prefix_len = wcslen(buf_dest);
 
 	/* Get an enumerator for the items in the source. */
-	wcscat_s(buf_source, MAX_PATH, L"*");
+	wcscat_s(buf_source, CLAR_MAX_PATH, L"*");
 	find_handle = FindFirstFileW(buf_source, &find_data);
 	cl_assert(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE != find_handle);
 
@@ -177,8 +222,8 @@ fs_copydir_helper(WCHAR *_wsource, WCHAR *_wdest)
 		if (fs__dotordotdot(find_data.cFileName))
 			continue;
 
-		wcscpy_s(buf_source + buf_source_prefix_len, MAX_PATH - buf_source_prefix_len, find_data.cFileName);
-		wcscpy_s(buf_dest + buf_dest_prefix_len, MAX_PATH - buf_dest_prefix_len, find_data.cFileName);
+		wcscpy_s(buf_source + buf_source_prefix_len, CLAR_MAX_PATH - buf_source_prefix_len, find_data.cFileName);
+		wcscpy_s(buf_dest + buf_dest_prefix_len, CLAR_MAX_PATH - buf_dest_prefix_len, find_data.cFileName);
 
 		if (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY & find_data.dwFileAttributes)
 			fs_copydir_helper(buf_source, buf_dest);
@@ -197,7 +242,7 @@ fs_copydir_helper(WCHAR *_wsource, WCHAR *_wdest)
 static void
 fs_copy(const char *_source, const char *_dest)
 {
-	WCHAR wsource[MAX_PATH], wdest[MAX_PATH];
+	WCHAR wsource[CLAR_MAX_PATH], wdest[CLAR_MAX_PATH];
 	DWORD source_attrs, dest_attrs;
 	HANDLE find_handle;
 	WIN32_FIND_DATAW find_data;
@@ -209,14 +254,17 @@ fs_copy(const char *_source, const char *_dest)
 				_source,
 				-1,
 				wsource,
-				MAX_PATH));
+				CLAR_MAX_PATH));
 
 	cl_assert(MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8,
 				MB_ERR_INVALID_CHARS,
 				_dest,
 				-1,
 				wdest,
-				MAX_PATH));
+				CLAR_MAX_PATH));
+
+	translate_path(wsource, CLAR_MAX_PATH);
+	translate_path(wdest, CLAR_MAX_PATH);
 
 	/* Check the source for existence */
 	source_attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wsource);
@@ -230,8 +278,8 @@ fs_copy(const char *_source, const char *_dest)
 		 * Use FindFirstFile to parse the path */
 		find_handle = FindFirstFileW(wsource, &find_data);
 		cl_assert(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE != find_handle);
-		wcscat_s(wdest, MAX_PATH, L"\\");
-		wcscat_s(wdest, MAX_PATH, find_data.cFileName);
+		wcscat_s(wdest, CLAR_MAX_PATH, L"\\");
+		wcscat_s(wdest, CLAR_MAX_PATH, find_data.cFileName);
 		FindClose(find_handle);
 
 		/* Check the new target for existence */
@@ -254,74 +302,213 @@ cl_fs_cleanup(void)
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+#if defined(__linux__)
+# include <sys/sendfile.h>
+#endif
 
-static int
-shell_out(char * const argv[])
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+# include <copyfile.h>
+#endif
+
+static void basename_r(const char **out, int *out_len, const char *in)
 {
-	int status, piderr;
-	pid_t pid;
+	size_t in_len = strlen(in), start_pos;
+
+	for (in_len = strlen(in); in_len; in_len--) {
+		if (in[in_len - 1] != '/')
+			break;
+	}
+
+	for (start_pos = in_len; start_pos; start_pos--) {
+		if (in[start_pos - 1] == '/')
+			break;
+	}
 
-	pid = fork();
+	cl_assert(in_len - start_pos < INT_MAX);
 
-	if (pid < 0) {
-		fprintf(stderr,
-			"System error: `fork()` call failed (%d) - %s\n",
-			errno, strerror(errno));
-		exit(-1);
+	if (in_len - start_pos > 0) {
+		*out = &in[start_pos];
+		*out_len = (in_len - start_pos);
+	} else {
+		*out = "/";
+		*out_len = 1;
 	}
+}
+
+static char *joinpath(const char *dir, const char *base, int base_len)
+{
+	char *out;
+	int len;
+
+	if (base_len == -1) {
+		size_t bl = strlen(base);
 
-	if (pid == 0) {
-		execv(argv[0], argv);
+		cl_assert(bl < INT_MAX);
+		base_len = (int)bl;
 	}
 
-	do {
-		piderr = waitpid(pid, &status, WUNTRACED);
-	} while (piderr < 0 && (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR));
+	len = strlen(dir) + base_len + 2;
+	cl_assert(len > 0);
 
-	return WEXITSTATUS(status);
+	cl_assert(out = malloc(len));
+	cl_assert(snprintf(out, len, "%s/%.*s", dir, base_len, base) < len);
+
+	return out;
 }
 
 static void
-fs_copy(const char *_source, const char *dest)
+fs_copydir_helper(const char *source, const char *dest, int dest_mode)
 {
-	char *argv[5];
-	char *source;
-	size_t source_len;
+	DIR *source_dir;
+	struct dirent *d;
 
-	source = strdup(_source);
-	source_len = strlen(source);
+	mkdir(dest, dest_mode);
 
-	if (source[source_len - 1] == '/')
-		source[source_len - 1] = 0;
+	cl_assert_(source_dir = opendir(source), "Could not open source dir");
+	while ((d = (errno = 0, readdir(source_dir))) != NULL) {
+		char *child;
 
-	argv[0] = "/bin/cp";
-	argv[1] = "-R";
-	argv[2] = source;
-	argv[3] = (char *)dest;
-	argv[4] = NULL;
+		if (!strcmp(d->d_name, ".") || !strcmp(d->d_name, ".."))
+			continue;
 
-	cl_must_pass_(
-		shell_out(argv),
-		"Failed to copy test fixtures to sandbox"
-	);
+		child = joinpath(source, d->d_name, -1);
+		fs_copy(child, dest);
+		free(child);
+	}
+
+	cl_assert_(errno == 0, "Failed to iterate source dir");
 
-	free(source);
+	closedir(source_dir);
 }
 
 static void
-fs_rm(const char *source)
+fs_copyfile_helper(const char *source, size_t source_len, const char *dest, int dest_mode)
 {
-	char *argv[4];
+	int in, out;
+
+	cl_must_pass((in = open(source, O_RDONLY)));
+	cl_must_pass((out = open(dest, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, dest_mode)));
+
+#if USE_FCOPYFILE && defined(__APPLE__)
+	((void)(source_len)); /* unused */
+	cl_must_pass(fcopyfile(in, out, 0, COPYFILE_DATA));
+#elif USE_SENDFILE && defined(__linux__)
+	{
+		ssize_t ret = 0;
+
+		while (source_len && (ret = sendfile(out, in, NULL, source_len)) > 0) {
+			source_len -= (size_t)ret;
+		}
+		cl_assert(ret >= 0);
+	}
+#else
+	{
+		char buf[131072];
+		ssize_t ret;
+
+		((void)(source_len)); /* unused */
 
-	argv[0] = "/bin/rm";
-	argv[1] = "-Rf";
-	argv[2] = (char *)source;
-	argv[3] = NULL;
+		while ((ret = read(in, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
+			size_t len = (size_t)ret;
 
-	cl_must_pass_(
-		shell_out(argv),
-		"Failed to cleanup the sandbox"
-	);
+			while (len && (ret = write(out, buf, len)) > 0) {
+				cl_assert(ret <= (ssize_t)len);
+				len -= ret;
+			}
+			cl_assert(ret >= 0);
+		}
+		cl_assert(ret == 0);
+	}
+#endif
+
+	close(in);
+	close(out);
+}
+
+static void
+fs_copy(const char *source, const char *_dest)
+{
+	char *dbuf = NULL;
+	const char *dest = NULL;
+	struct stat source_st, dest_st;
+
+	cl_must_pass_(lstat(source, &source_st), "Failed to stat copy source");
+
+	if (lstat(_dest, &dest_st) == 0) {
+		const char *base;
+		int base_len;
+
+		/* Target exists and is directory; append basename */
+		cl_assert(S_ISDIR(dest_st.st_mode));
+
+		basename_r(&base, &base_len, source);
+		cl_assert(base_len < INT_MAX);
+
+		dbuf = joinpath(_dest, base, base_len);
+		dest = dbuf;
+	} else if (errno != ENOENT) {
+		cl_fail("Cannot copy; cannot stat destination");
+	} else {
+		dest = _dest;
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(source_st.st_mode)) {
+		fs_copydir_helper(source, dest, source_st.st_mode);
+	} else {
+		fs_copyfile_helper(source, source_st.st_size, dest, source_st.st_mode);
+	}
+
+	free(dbuf);
+}
+
+static void
+fs_rmdir_helper(const char *path)
+{
+	DIR *dir;
+	struct dirent *d;
+
+	cl_assert_(dir = opendir(path), "Could not open dir");
+	while ((d = (errno = 0, readdir(dir))) != NULL) {
+		char *child;
+
+		if (!strcmp(d->d_name, ".") || !strcmp(d->d_name, ".."))
+			continue;
+
+		child = joinpath(path, d->d_name, -1);
+		fs_rm(child);
+		free(child);
+	}
+
+	cl_assert_(errno == 0, "Failed to iterate source dir");
+	closedir(dir);
+
+	cl_must_pass_(rmdir(path), "Could not remove directory");
+}
+
+static void
+fs_rm(const char *path)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (lstat(path, &st)) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			return;
+
+		cl_fail("Cannot copy; cannot stat destination");
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+		fs_rmdir_helper(path);
+	} else {
+		cl_must_pass(unlink(path));
+	}
 }
 
 void
diff --git a/tests/clar/print.h b/tests/clar/print.h
index 2e2b620..dbfd276 100644
--- a/tests/clar/print.h
+++ b/tests/clar/print.h
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
+/* clap: clar protocol, the traditional clar output format */
 
-static void clar_print_init(int test_count, int suite_count, const char *suite_names)
+static void clar_print_clap_init(int test_count, int suite_count, const char *suite_names)
 {
 	(void)test_count;
 	printf("Loaded %d suites: %s\n", (int)suite_count, suite_names);
 	printf("Started (test status codes: OK='.' FAILURE='F' SKIPPED='S')\n");
 }
 
-static void clar_print_shutdown(int test_count, int suite_count, int error_count)
+static void clar_print_clap_shutdown(int test_count, int suite_count, int error_count)
 {
 	(void)test_count;
 	(void)suite_count;
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ static void clar_print_shutdown(int test_count, int suite_count, int error_count
 	clar_report_all();
 }
 
-static void clar_print_error(int num, const struct clar_report *report, const struct clar_error *error)
+static void clar_print_clap_error(int num, const struct clar_report *report, const struct clar_error *error)
 {
 	printf("  %d) Failure:\n", num);
 
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ static void clar_print_error(int num, const struct clar_report *report, const st
 	fflush(stdout);
 }
 
-static void clar_print_ontest(const char *test_name, int test_number, enum cl_test_status status)
+static void clar_print_clap_ontest(const char *test_name, int test_number, enum cl_test_status status)
 {
 	(void)test_name;
 	(void)test_number;
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ static void clar_print_ontest(const char *test_name, int test_number, enum cl_te
 	fflush(stdout);
 }
 
-static void clar_print_onsuite(const char *suite_name, int suite_index)
+static void clar_print_clap_onsuite(const char *suite_name, int suite_index)
 {
 	if (_clar.report_suite_names)
 		printf("\n%s", suite_name);
@@ -58,10 +59,142 @@ static void clar_print_onsuite(const char *suite_name, int suite_index)
 	(void)suite_index;
 }
 
+static void clar_print_clap_onabort(const char *fmt, va_list arg)
+{
+	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, arg);
+}
+
+/* tap: test anywhere protocol format */
+
+static void clar_print_tap_init(int test_count, int suite_count, const char *suite_names)
+{
+	(void)test_count;
+	(void)suite_count;
+	(void)suite_names;
+	printf("TAP version 13\n");
+}
+
+static void clar_print_tap_shutdown(int test_count, int suite_count, int error_count)
+{
+	(void)suite_count;
+	(void)error_count;
+
+	printf("1..%d\n", test_count);
+}
+
+static void clar_print_tap_error(int num, const struct clar_report *report, const struct clar_error *error)
+{
+	(void)num;
+	(void)report;
+	(void)error;
+}
+
+static void print_escaped(const char *str)
+{
+	char *c;
+
+	while ((c = strchr(str, '\'')) != NULL) {
+		printf("%.*s", (int)(c - str), str);
+		printf("''");
+		str = c + 1;
+	}
+
+	printf("%s", str);
+}
+
+static void clar_print_tap_ontest(const char *test_name, int test_number, enum cl_test_status status)
+{
+	const struct clar_error *error = _clar.last_report->errors;
+
+	(void)test_name;
+	(void)test_number;
+
+	switch(status) {
+	case CL_TEST_OK:
+		printf("ok %d - %s::%s\n", test_number, _clar.active_suite, test_name);
+		break;
+	case CL_TEST_FAILURE:
+		printf("not ok %d - %s::%s\n", test_number, _clar.active_suite, test_name);
+
+		printf("    ---\n");
+		printf("    reason: |\n");
+		printf("      %s\n", error->error_msg);
+
+		if (error->description)
+			printf("      %s\n", error->description);
+
+		printf("    at:\n");
+		printf("      file: '"); print_escaped(error->file); printf("'\n");
+		printf("      line: %" PRIuZ "\n", error->line_number);
+		printf("      function: '%s'\n", error->function);
+		printf("    ---\n");
+
+		break;
+	case CL_TEST_SKIP:
+	case CL_TEST_NOTRUN:
+		printf("ok %d - # SKIP %s::%s\n", test_number, _clar.active_suite, test_name);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+static void clar_print_tap_onsuite(const char *suite_name, int suite_index)
+{
+	printf("# start of suite %d: %s\n", suite_index, suite_name);
+}
+
+static void clar_print_tap_onabort(const char *fmt, va_list arg)
+{
+	printf("Bail out! ");
+	vprintf(fmt, arg);
+	fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+/* indirection between protocol output selection */
+
+#define PRINT(FN, ...) do { \
+		switch (_clar.output_format) { \
+			case CL_OUTPUT_CLAP: \
+				clar_print_clap_##FN (__VA_ARGS__); \
+				break; \
+			case CL_OUTPUT_TAP: \
+				clar_print_tap_##FN (__VA_ARGS__); \
+				break; \
+			default: \
+				abort(); \
+		} \
+	} while (0)
+
+static void clar_print_init(int test_count, int suite_count, const char *suite_names)
+{
+	PRINT(init, test_count, suite_count, suite_names);
+}
+
+static void clar_print_shutdown(int test_count, int suite_count, int error_count)
+{
+	PRINT(shutdown, test_count, suite_count, error_count);
+}
+
+static void clar_print_error(int num, const struct clar_report *report, const struct clar_error *error)
+{
+	PRINT(error, num, report, error);
+}
+
+static void clar_print_ontest(const char *test_name, int test_number, enum cl_test_status status)
+{
+	PRINT(ontest, test_name, test_number, status);
+}
+
+static void clar_print_onsuite(const char *suite_name, int suite_index)
+{
+	PRINT(onsuite, suite_name, suite_index);
+}
+
 static void clar_print_onabort(const char *msg, ...)
 {
 	va_list argp;
 	va_start(argp, msg);
-	vfprintf(stderr, msg, argp);
+	PRINT(onabort, msg, argp);
 	va_end(argp);
 }
diff --git a/tests/clar/sandbox.h b/tests/clar/sandbox.h
index 2114819..0ba1479 100644
--- a/tests/clar/sandbox.h
+++ b/tests/clar/sandbox.h
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #include <sys/syslimits.h>
 #endif
 
-static char _clar_path[4096];
+static char _clar_path[4096 + 1];
 
 static int
 is_valid_tmp_path(const char *path)
@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ find_tmp_path(char *buffer, size_t length)
 			if (length >= PATH_MAX && realpath(env, buffer) != NULL)
 				return 0;
 #endif
-			strncpy(buffer, env, length);
+			strncpy(buffer, env, length - 1);
+			buffer[length - 1] = '\0';
 			return 0;
 		}
 	}
@@ -50,7 +51,8 @@ find_tmp_path(char *buffer, size_t length)
 		if (length >= PATH_MAX && realpath("/tmp", buffer) != NULL)
 			return 0;
 #endif
-		strncpy(buffer, "/tmp", length);
+		strncpy(buffer, "/tmp", length - 1);
+		buffer[length - 1] = '\0';
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -65,7 +67,8 @@ find_tmp_path(char *buffer, size_t length)
 
 	/* This system doesn't like us, try to use the current directory */
 	if (is_valid_tmp_path(".")) {
-		strncpy(buffer, ".", length);
+		strncpy(buffer, ".", length - 1);
+		buffer[length - 1] = '\0';
 		return 0;
 	}
 
diff --git a/tests/clar_libgit2.c b/tests/clar_libgit2.c
index 4723a06..c4550c3 100644
--- a/tests/clar_libgit2.c
+++ b/tests/clar_libgit2.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #include "git2/sys/repository.h"
 
 void cl_git_report_failure(
-	int error, int expected, const char *file, int line, const char *fncall)
+	int error, int expected, const char *file, const char *func, int line, const char *fncall)
 {
 	char msg[4096];
 	const git_error *last = git_error_last();
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ void cl_git_report_failure(
 	else
 		p_snprintf(msg, 4096, "no error, expected non-zero return");
 
-	clar__assert(0, file, line, fncall, msg, 1);
+	clar__assert(0, file, func, line, fncall, msg, 1);
 }
 
 void cl_git_mkfile(const char *filename, const char *content)
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ const char* cl_git_fixture_url(const char *fixturename)
 
 const char* cl_git_path_url(const char *path)
 {
-	static char url[4096];
+	static char url[4096 + 1];
 
 	const char *in_buf;
 	git_buf path_buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
@@ -311,9 +311,10 @@ const char* cl_git_path_url(const char *path)
 		in_buf++;
 	}
 
-	cl_assert(url_buf.size < 4096);
+	cl_assert(url_buf.size < sizeof(url) - 1);
 
-	strncpy(url, git_buf_cstr(&url_buf), 4096);
+	strncpy(url, git_buf_cstr(&url_buf), sizeof(url) - 1);
+	url[sizeof(url) - 1] = '\0';
 	git_buf_dispose(&url_buf);
 	git_buf_dispose(&path_buf);
 	return url;
@@ -507,6 +508,7 @@ void clar__assert_equal_file(
 	int ignore_cr,
 	const char *path,
 	const char *file,
+	const char *func,
 	int line)
 {
 	char buf[4000];
@@ -519,7 +521,7 @@ void clar__assert_equal_file(
 
 	while ((bytes = p_read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) != 0) {
 		clar__assert(
-			bytes > 0, file, line, "error reading from file", path, 1);
+			bytes > 0, file, func, line, "error reading from file", path, 1);
 
 		if (ignore_cr)
 			bytes = strip_cr_from_buf(buf, bytes);
@@ -532,7 +534,7 @@ void clar__assert_equal_file(
 				buf, sizeof(buf), "file content mismatch at byte %"PRIdZ,
 				(ssize_t)(total_bytes + pos));
 			p_close(fd);
-			clar__fail(file, line, path, buf, 1);
+			clar__fail(file, func, line, path, buf, 1);
 		}
 
 		expected_data += bytes;
@@ -541,8 +543,8 @@ void clar__assert_equal_file(
 
 	p_close(fd);
 
-	clar__assert(!bytes, file, line, "error reading from file", path, 1);
-	clar__assert_equal(file, line, "mismatched file length", 1, "%"PRIuZ,
+	clar__assert(!bytes, file, func, line, "error reading from file", path, 1);
+	clar__assert_equal(file, func, line, "mismatched file length", 1, "%"PRIuZ,
 		(size_t)expected_bytes, (size_t)total_bytes);
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/clar_libgit2.h b/tests/clar_libgit2.h
index 12175c6..e3b7bd9 100644
--- a/tests/clar_libgit2.h
+++ b/tests/clar_libgit2.h
@@ -12,15 +12,15 @@
  *
  * Use this wrapper around all `git_` library calls that return error codes!
  */
-#define cl_git_pass(expr) cl_git_expect((expr), 0, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#define cl_git_pass(expr) cl_git_expect((expr), 0, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 
-#define cl_git_fail_with(error, expr) cl_git_expect((expr), error, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#define cl_git_fail_with(error, expr) cl_git_expect((expr), error, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 
-#define cl_git_expect(expr, expected, file, line) do { \
+#define cl_git_expect(expr, expected, file, func, line) do { \
 	int _lg2_error; \
 	git_error_clear(); \
 	if ((_lg2_error = (expr)) != expected) \
-		cl_git_report_failure(_lg2_error, expected, file, line, "Function call failed: " #expr); \
+		cl_git_report_failure(_lg2_error, expected, file, func, line, "Function call failed: " #expr); \
 	} while (0)
 
 /**
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 #define cl_git_fail(expr) do { \
 	if ((expr) == 0) \
 		git_error_clear(), \
-		cl_git_report_failure(0, 0, __FILE__, __LINE__, "Function call succeeded: " #expr); \
+		cl_git_report_failure(0, 0, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__, "Function call succeeded: " #expr); \
 	} while (0)
 
 /**
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 	int _win32_res; \
 	if ((_win32_res = (expr)) == 0) { \
 		git_error_set(GIT_ERROR_OS, "Returned: %d, system error code: %lu", _win32_res, GetLastError()); \
-		cl_git_report_failure(_win32_res, 0, __FILE__, __LINE__, "System call failed: " #expr); \
+		cl_git_report_failure(_win32_res, 0, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__, "System call failed: " #expr); \
 	} \
 	} while(0)
 
@@ -58,22 +58,24 @@
 typedef struct {
 	int error;
 	const char *file;
+	const char *func;
 	int line;
 	const char *expr;
 	char error_msg[4096];
 } cl_git_thread_err;
 
 #ifdef GIT_THREADS
-# define cl_git_thread_pass(threaderr, expr) cl_git_thread_pass_(threaderr, (expr), __FILE__, __LINE__)
+# define cl_git_thread_pass(threaderr, expr) cl_git_thread_pass_(threaderr, (expr), __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 #else
 # define cl_git_thread_pass(threaderr, expr) cl_git_pass(expr)
 #endif
 
-#define cl_git_thread_pass_(__threaderr, __expr, __file, __line) do { \
+#define cl_git_thread_pass_(__threaderr, __expr, __file, __func, __line) do { \
 	git_error_clear(); \
 	if ((((cl_git_thread_err *)__threaderr)->error = (__expr)) != 0) { \
 		const git_error *_last = git_error_last(); \
 		((cl_git_thread_err *)__threaderr)->file = __file; \
+		((cl_git_thread_err *)__threaderr)->func = __func; \
 		((cl_git_thread_err *)__threaderr)->line = __line; \
 		((cl_git_thread_err *)__threaderr)->expr = "Function call failed: " #__expr; \
 		p_snprintf(((cl_git_thread_err *)__threaderr)->error_msg, 4096, "thread 0x%" PRIxZ " - error %d - %s", \
@@ -87,38 +89,39 @@ GIT_INLINE(void) cl_git_thread_check(void *data)
 {
 	cl_git_thread_err *threaderr = (cl_git_thread_err *)data;
 	if (threaderr->error != 0)
-		clar__assert(0, threaderr->file, threaderr->line, threaderr->expr, threaderr->error_msg, 1);
+		clar__assert(0, threaderr->file, threaderr->func, threaderr->line, threaderr->expr, threaderr->error_msg, 1);
 }
 
-void cl_git_report_failure(int, int, const char *, int, const char *);
+void cl_git_report_failure(int, int, const char *, const char *, int, const char *);
 
-#define cl_assert_at_line(expr,file,line) \
-	clar__assert((expr) != 0, file, line, "Expression is not true: " #expr, NULL, 1)
+#define cl_assert_at_line(expr,file,func,line) \
+	clar__assert((expr) != 0, file, func, line, "Expression is not true: " #expr, NULL, 1)
 
 GIT_INLINE(void) clar__assert_in_range(
 	int lo, int val, int hi,
-	const char *file, int line, const char *err, int should_abort)
+	const char *file, const char *func, int line,
+	const char *err, int should_abort)
 {
 	if (lo > val || hi < val) {
 		char buf[128];
 		p_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d not in [%d,%d]", val, lo, hi);
-		clar__fail(file, line, err, buf, should_abort);
+		clar__fail(file, func, line, err, buf, should_abort);
 	}
 }
 
 #define cl_assert_equal_sz(sz1,sz2) do { \
 	size_t __sz1 = (size_t)(sz1), __sz2 = (size_t)(sz2); \
-	clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__LINE__,#sz1 " != " #sz2, 1, "%"PRIuZ, __sz1, __sz2); \
+	clar__assert_equal(__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,#sz1 " != " #sz2, 1, "%"PRIuZ, __sz1, __sz2); \
 } while (0)
 
 #define cl_assert_in_range(L,V,H) \
-	clar__assert_in_range((L),(V),(H),__FILE__,__LINE__,"Range check: " #V " in [" #L "," #H "]", 1)
+	clar__assert_in_range((L),(V),(H),__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__,"Range check: " #V " in [" #L "," #H "]", 1)
 
 #define cl_assert_equal_file(DATA,SIZE,PATH) \
-	clar__assert_equal_file(DATA,SIZE,0,PATH,__FILE__,(int)__LINE__)
+	clar__assert_equal_file(DATA,SIZE,0,PATH,__FILE__,__func__,(int)__LINE__)
 
 #define cl_assert_equal_file_ignore_cr(DATA,SIZE,PATH) \
-	clar__assert_equal_file(DATA,SIZE,1,PATH,__FILE__,(int)__LINE__)
+	clar__assert_equal_file(DATA,SIZE,1,PATH,__FILE__,__func__,(int)__LINE__)
 
 void clar__assert_equal_file(
 	const char *expected_data,
@@ -126,10 +129,11 @@ void clar__assert_equal_file(
 	int ignore_cr,
 	const char *path,
 	const char *file,
+	const char *func,
 	int line);
 
 GIT_INLINE(void) clar__assert_equal_oid(
-	const char *file, int line, const char *desc,
+	const char *file, const char *func, int line, const char *desc,
 	const git_oid *one, const git_oid *two)
 {
 	if (git_oid_cmp(one, two)) {
@@ -138,12 +142,12 @@ GIT_INLINE(void) clar__assert_equal_oid(
 		git_oid_fmt(&err[1], one);
 		git_oid_fmt(&err[47], two);
 
-		clar__fail(file, line, desc, err, 1);
+		clar__fail(file, func, line, desc, err, 1);
 	}
 }
 
 #define cl_assert_equal_oid(one, two) \
-	clar__assert_equal_oid(__FILE__, __LINE__, \
+	clar__assert_equal_oid(__FILE__, __func__, __LINE__, \
 		"OID mismatch: " #one " != " #two, (one), (two))
 
 /*
diff --git a/tests/clar_libgit2_trace.c b/tests/clar_libgit2_trace.c
index d4d8d2c..8eb6d4e 100644
--- a/tests/clar_libgit2_trace.c
+++ b/tests/clar_libgit2_trace.c
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ void _cl_trace_cb__event_handler(
 	switch (ev) {
 	case CL_TRACE__SUITE_BEGIN:
 		git_trace(GIT_TRACE_TRACE, "\n\n%s\n%s: Begin Suite", HR, suite_name);
-#if 0 && defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
+#if 0 && defined(GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK)
 		git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
 			GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__SET_MARK,
 			suite_name);
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ void _cl_trace_cb__event_handler(
 		break;
 
 	case CL_TRACE__SUITE_END:
-#if 0 && defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
+#if 0 && defined(GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK)
 		/* As an example of checkpointing, dump leaks within this suite.
 		 * This may generate false positives for things like the global
 		 * TLS error state and maybe the odb cache since they aren't
diff --git a/tests/clone/empty.c b/tests/clone/empty.c
index 8e59d2b..94847bc 100644
--- a/tests/clone/empty.c
+++ b/tests/clone/empty.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include "git2/clone.h"
 #include "repository.h"
+#include "repo/repo_helpers.h"
 
 static git_clone_options g_options;
 static git_repository *g_repo;
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ void test_clone_empty__initialize(void)
 
 void test_clone_empty__cleanup(void)
 {
+	cl_fixture_cleanup("tmp_global_path");
 	cl_git_sandbox_cleanup();
 }
 
@@ -66,6 +68,21 @@ void test_clone_empty__can_clone_an_empty_local_repo_barely(void)
 		expected_tracked_branch_name));
 }
 
+void test_clone_empty__respects_initialbranch_config(void)
+{
+	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+
+	create_tmp_global_config("tmp_global_path", "init.defaultbranch", "my_default_branch");
+
+	cl_set_cleanup(&cleanup_repository, "./empty");
+
+	g_options.bare = true;
+	cl_git_pass(git_clone(&g_repo_cloned, "./empty_bare.git", "./empty", &g_options));
+	cl_git_pass(git_branch_upstream_name(&buf, g_repo_cloned, "refs/heads/my_default_branch"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s("refs/remotes/origin/my_default_branch", buf.ptr);
+	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
+}
+
 void test_clone_empty__can_clone_an_empty_local_repo(void)
 {
 	cl_set_cleanup(&cleanup_repository, "./empty");
diff --git a/tests/clone/nonetwork.c b/tests/clone/nonetwork.c
index 7ca4908..ec12fee 100644
--- a/tests/clone/nonetwork.c
+++ b/tests/clone/nonetwork.c
@@ -158,6 +158,8 @@ void test_clone_nonetwork__can_prevent_the_checkout_of_a_standard_repo(void)
 
 void test_clone_nonetwork__can_checkout_given_branch(void)
 {
+	git_reference *remote_head;
+
 	g_options.checkout_branch = "test";
 	cl_git_pass(git_clone(&g_repo, cl_git_fixture_url("testrepo.git"), "./foo", &g_options));
 
@@ -167,6 +169,12 @@ void test_clone_nonetwork__can_checkout_given_branch(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_s(git_reference_name(g_ref), "refs/heads/test");
 
 	cl_assert(git_path_exists("foo/readme.txt"));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&remote_head, g_repo, "refs/remotes/origin/HEAD"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC, git_reference_type(remote_head));
+	cl_assert_equal_s("refs/remotes/origin/master", git_reference_symbolic_target(remote_head));
+
+	git_reference_free(remote_head);
 }
 
 static int clone_cancel_fetch_transfer_progress_cb(
diff --git a/tests/config/global.c b/tests/config/global.c
index b64b716..ed47d02 100644
--- a/tests/config/global.c
+++ b/tests/config/global.c
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ void test_config_global__lock_missing_global_config(void)
 	git_config_entry *entry;
 	git_transaction *transaction;
 
-	p_unlink("home/.gitconfig"); /* No global config */
+	(void)p_unlink("home/.gitconfig"); /* No global config */
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_config_open_default(&cfg));
 	cl_git_pass(git_config_lock(&transaction, cfg));
diff --git a/tests/config/include.c b/tests/config/include.c
index e2b0fc9..b702d62 100644
--- a/tests/config/include.c
+++ b/tests/config/include.c
@@ -178,6 +178,30 @@ void test_config_include__rewriting_include_refreshes_values(void)
 	cl_git_pass(p_unlink("second"));
 }
 
+void test_config_include__rewriting_include_twice_refreshes_values(void)
+{
+	cl_git_mkfile("top-level", "[include]\npath = included");
+	cl_git_mkfile("included", "[foo]\nbar = first-value");
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_open_ondisk(&cfg, "top-level"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_string_buf(&buf, cfg, "foo.bar"));
+
+	git_buf_clear(&buf);
+	cl_git_mkfile("included", "[foo]\nother = value2");
+	cl_git_fail(git_config_get_string_buf(&buf, cfg, "foo.bar"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_string_buf(&buf, cfg, "foo.other"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(buf.ptr, "value2");
+
+	git_buf_clear(&buf);
+	cl_git_mkfile("included", "[foo]\nanother = bar");
+	cl_git_fail(git_config_get_string_buf(&buf, cfg, "foo.other"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_string_buf(&buf, cfg, "foo.another"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(buf.ptr, "bar");
+
+	cl_git_pass(p_unlink("top-level"));
+	cl_git_pass(p_unlink("included"));
+}
+
 void test_config_include__included_variables_cannot_be_deleted(void)
 {
 	cl_git_mkfile("top-level", "[include]\npath = included\n");
diff --git a/tests/config/new.c b/tests/config/new.c
index 2f5d83d..22c330f 100644
--- a/tests/config/new.c
+++ b/tests/config/new.c
@@ -30,5 +30,5 @@ void test_config_new__write_new_config(void)
 	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
 	git_config_free(config);
 
-	p_unlink(TEST_CONFIG);
+	cl_must_pass(p_unlink(TEST_CONFIG));
 }
diff --git a/tests/config/read.c b/tests/config/read.c
index 008dfd9..badf511 100644
--- a/tests/config/read.c
+++ b/tests/config/read.c
@@ -849,6 +849,23 @@ void test_config_read__invalid_quoted_third_section(void)
 	git_config_free(cfg);
 }
 
+void test_config_read__unreadable_file_ignored(void)
+{
+	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_config *cfg;
+	int ret;
+
+	cl_set_cleanup(&clean_test_config, NULL);
+	cl_git_mkfile("./testconfig", "[some] var = value\n[some \"OtheR\"] var = value");
+	cl_git_pass(p_chmod("./testconfig", 0));
+
+	ret = git_config_open_ondisk(&cfg, "./test/config");
+	cl_assert(ret == 0 || ret == GIT_ENOTFOUND);
+
+	git_config_free(cfg);
+	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
+}
+
 void test_config_read__single_line(void)
 {
 	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
@@ -911,3 +928,79 @@ void test_config_read__nosection(void)
 	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
 	git_config_free(cfg);
 }
+
+enum {
+	MAP_TRUE = 0,
+	MAP_FALSE = 1,
+	MAP_ALWAYS = 2
+};
+
+static git_configmap _test_map1[] = {
+	{GIT_CONFIGMAP_STRING, "always", MAP_ALWAYS},
+	{GIT_CONFIGMAP_FALSE, NULL, MAP_FALSE},
+	{GIT_CONFIGMAP_TRUE, NULL, MAP_TRUE},
+};
+
+static git_configmap _test_map2[] = {
+	{GIT_CONFIGMAP_INT32, NULL, 0},
+};
+
+void test_config_read__get_mapped(void)
+{
+	git_config *cfg;
+	int val;
+	int known_good;
+
+	cl_set_cleanup(&clean_test_config, NULL);
+	cl_git_mkfile("./testconfig", "[header]\n"
+								  "  key1 = 1\n"
+								  "  key2 = true\n"
+								  "  key3\n"
+								  "  key4 = always\n"
+								  "  key5 = false\n"
+								  "  key6 = 0\n"
+								  "  key7 = never\n"
+								  "  key8 = On\n"
+								  "  key9 = off\n");
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_open_ondisk(&cfg, "./testconfig"));
+
+	/* check parsing bool and string */
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key1", _test_map1, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(val, MAP_TRUE);
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key2", _test_map1, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(val, MAP_TRUE);
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key3", _test_map1, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(val, MAP_TRUE);
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key8", _test_map1, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(val, MAP_TRUE);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key4", _test_map1, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(val, MAP_ALWAYS);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key5", _test_map1, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(val, MAP_FALSE);
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key6", _test_map1, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(val, MAP_FALSE);
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key9", _test_map1, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(val, MAP_FALSE);
+
+	cl_git_fail(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key7", _test_map1, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map1)));
+
+	/* check parsing int values */
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key1", _test_map2, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map2)));
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_int32(&known_good, cfg, "header.key1"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(val, known_good);
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key6", _test_map2, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map2)));
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_int32(&known_good, cfg, "header.key6"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(val, known_good);
+
+	cl_git_fail(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key2", _test_map2, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map2)));
+	cl_git_fail(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key3", _test_map2, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map2)));
+	cl_git_fail(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key4", _test_map2, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map2)));
+	cl_git_fail(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key5", _test_map2, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map2)));
+	cl_git_fail(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key7", _test_map2, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map2)));
+	cl_git_fail(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key8", _test_map2, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map2)));
+	cl_git_fail(git_config_get_mapped(&val, cfg, "header.key9", _test_map2, ARRAY_SIZE(_test_map2)));
+
+	git_config_free(cfg);
+}
diff --git a/tests/config/stress.c b/tests/config/stress.c
index 28c3c4a..577452e 100644
--- a/tests/config/stress.c
+++ b/tests/config/stress.c
@@ -59,6 +59,11 @@ void test_config_stress__comments(void)
 	assert_config_value(config, "some.section.multi", "hi, this is a ; multiline comment # with ;\n special chars and other stuff !@#");
 	assert_config_value(config, "some.section.multi2", "good, this is a ; multiline comment # with ;\n special chars and other stuff !@#");
 	assert_config_value(config, "some.section.back", "this is \ba phrase");
+	assert_config_value(config, "some.section.dollar", "some $sign");
+	assert_config_value(config, "some.section.multiquotes", "!ls  x                     ls  # comment2                     $HOME");
+	assert_config_value(config, "some.section.multiquotes2", "!ls  x                      ls  \"# comment2                      $HOME\"");
+	assert_config_value(config, "some.section.multiquotes3", "hi # ho there are # more quotes");
+	assert_config_value(config, "some.section.quotecomment", "hi # ho there are # more");
 
 	git_config_free(config);
 }
diff --git a/tests/core/assert.c b/tests/core/assert.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef75624
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/core/assert.c
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+#ifdef GIT_ASSERT_HARD
+# undef GIT_ASSERT_HARD
+#endif
+
+#define GIT_ASSERT_HARD 0
+
+#include "clar_libgit2.h"
+
+static const char *hello_world = "hello, world";
+static const char *fail = "FAIL";
+
+static int dummy_fn(const char *myarg)
+{
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(myarg);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG(myarg != hello_world);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const char *fn_returns_string(const char *myarg)
+{
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(myarg, fail);
+	GIT_ASSERT_ARG_WITH_RETVAL(myarg != hello_world, fail);
+
+	return myarg;
+}
+
+static int bad_math(void)
+{
+	GIT_ASSERT(1 + 1 == 3);
+	return 42;
+}
+
+static const char *bad_returns_string(void)
+{
+	GIT_ASSERT_WITH_RETVAL(1 + 1 == 3, NULL);
+	return hello_world;
+}
+
+void test_core_assert__argument(void)
+{
+	cl_git_fail(dummy_fn(NULL));
+	cl_assert(git_error_last());
+	cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, git_error_last()->klass);
+	cl_assert_equal_s("invalid argument: 'myarg'", git_error_last()->message);
+
+	cl_git_fail(dummy_fn(hello_world));
+	cl_assert(git_error_last());
+	cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, git_error_last()->klass);
+	cl_assert_equal_s("invalid argument: 'myarg != hello_world'", git_error_last()->message);
+
+	cl_git_pass(dummy_fn("foo"));
+}
+
+void test_core_assert__argument_with_non_int_return_type(void)
+{
+	const char *foo = "foo";
+
+	cl_assert_equal_p(fail, fn_returns_string(NULL));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, git_error_last()->klass);
+	cl_assert_equal_s("invalid argument: 'myarg'", git_error_last()->message);
+
+	cl_assert_equal_p(fail, fn_returns_string(hello_world));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, git_error_last()->klass);
+	cl_assert_equal_s("invalid argument: 'myarg != hello_world'", git_error_last()->message);
+
+	cl_assert_equal_p(foo, fn_returns_string(foo));
+}
+
+void test_core_assert__argument_with_void_return_type(void)
+{
+	const char *foo = "foo";
+
+	git_error_clear();
+	fn_returns_string(hello_world);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_ERROR_INVALID, git_error_last()->klass);
+	cl_assert_equal_s("invalid argument: 'myarg != hello_world'", git_error_last()->message);
+
+	git_error_clear();
+	cl_assert_equal_p(foo, fn_returns_string(foo));
+	cl_assert_equal_p(NULL, git_error_last());
+}
+
+void test_core_assert__internal(void)
+{
+	cl_git_fail(bad_math());
+	cl_assert(git_error_last());
+	cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_ERROR_INTERNAL, git_error_last()->klass);
+	cl_assert_equal_s("unrecoverable internal error: '1 + 1 == 3'", git_error_last()->message);
+
+	cl_assert_equal_p(NULL, bad_returns_string());
+	cl_assert(git_error_last());
+	cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_ERROR_INTERNAL, git_error_last()->klass);
+	cl_assert_equal_s("unrecoverable internal error: '1 + 1 == 3'", git_error_last()->message);
+}
diff --git a/tests/core/buffer.c b/tests/core/buffer.c
index 4e895af..22fa75e 100644
--- a/tests/core/buffer.c
+++ b/tests/core/buffer.c
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include "clar_libgit2.h"
 #include "buffer.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 #include "git2/sys/hashsig.h"
 #include "futils.h"
 
@@ -644,37 +643,37 @@ void test_core_buffer__11(void)
 
 	t.strings = t1;
 	t.count = 3;
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_common_prefix(&a, &t));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_common_prefix(&a, &t));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(a.ptr, "");
 
 	t.strings = t2;
 	t.count = 3;
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_common_prefix(&a, &t));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_common_prefix(&a, &t));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(a.ptr, "some");
 
 	t.strings = t3;
 	t.count = 3;
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_common_prefix(&a, &t));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_common_prefix(&a, &t));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(a.ptr, "");
 
 	t.strings = t4;
 	t.count = 3;
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_common_prefix(&a, &t));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_common_prefix(&a, &t));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(a.ptr, "happ");
 
 	t.strings = t5;
 	t.count = 3;
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_common_prefix(&a, &t));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_common_prefix(&a, &t));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(a.ptr, "happ");
 
 	t.strings = t6;
 	t.count = 3;
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_common_prefix(&a, &t));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_common_prefix(&a, &t));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(a.ptr, "");
 
 	t.strings = t7;
 	t.count = 3;
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_common_prefix(&a, &t));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_common_prefix(&a, &t));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(a.ptr, "");
 
 	git_buf_dispose(&a);
@@ -709,19 +708,19 @@ void test_core_buffer__puts_escaped(void)
 	git_buf a = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
 	git_buf_clear(&a);
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_puts_escaped(&a, "this is a test", "", ""));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_puts_escaped(&a, "this is a test", "", ""));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("this is a test", a.ptr);
 
 	git_buf_clear(&a);
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_puts_escaped(&a, "this is a test", "t", "\\"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_puts_escaped(&a, "this is a test", "t", "\\"));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("\\this is a \\tes\\t", a.ptr);
 
 	git_buf_clear(&a);
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_puts_escaped(&a, "this is a test", "i ", "__"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_puts_escaped(&a, "this is a test", "i ", "__"));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("th__is__ __is__ a__ test", a.ptr);
 
 	git_buf_clear(&a);
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_puts_escape_regex(&a, "^match\\s*[A-Z]+.*"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_puts_escape_regex(&a, "^match\\s*[A-Z]+.*"));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("\\^match\\\\s\\*\\[A-Z\\]\\+\\.\\*", a.ptr);
 
 	git_buf_dispose(&a);
@@ -731,7 +730,7 @@ static void assert_unescape(char *expected, char *to_unescape) {
 	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_buf_sets(&buf, to_unescape));
-	git_buf_text_unescape(&buf);
+	git_buf_unescape(&buf);
 	cl_assert_equal_s(expected, buf.ptr);
 	cl_assert_equal_sz(strlen(expected), buf.size);
 
@@ -864,20 +863,20 @@ void test_core_buffer__classify_with_utf8(void)
 	git_buf b;
 
 	b.ptr = data0; b.size = b.asize = data0len;
-	cl_assert(!git_buf_text_is_binary(&b));
-	cl_assert(!git_buf_text_contains_nul(&b));
+	cl_assert(!git_buf_is_binary(&b));
+	cl_assert(!git_buf_contains_nul(&b));
 
 	b.ptr = data1; b.size = b.asize = data1len;
-	cl_assert(!git_buf_text_is_binary(&b));
-	cl_assert(!git_buf_text_contains_nul(&b));
+	cl_assert(!git_buf_is_binary(&b));
+	cl_assert(!git_buf_contains_nul(&b));
 
 	b.ptr = data2; b.size = b.asize = data2len;
-	cl_assert(git_buf_text_is_binary(&b));
-	cl_assert(git_buf_text_contains_nul(&b));
+	cl_assert(git_buf_is_binary(&b));
+	cl_assert(git_buf_contains_nul(&b));
 
 	b.ptr = data3; b.size = b.asize = data3len;
-	cl_assert(!git_buf_text_is_binary(&b));
-	cl_assert(!git_buf_text_contains_nul(&b));
+	cl_assert(!git_buf_is_binary(&b));
+	cl_assert(!git_buf_contains_nul(&b));
 }
 
 #define SIMILARITY_TEST_DATA_1 \
@@ -1074,80 +1073,80 @@ void test_core_buffer__lf_and_crlf_conversions(void)
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, "lf\nlf\nlf\nlf\n");
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf("lf\r\nlf\r\nlf\r\nlf\r\n", tgt);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf(src.ptr, tgt);
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, "\nlf\nlf\nlf\nlf\nlf");
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf("\r\nlf\r\nlf\r\nlf\r\nlf\r\nlf", tgt);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf(src.ptr, tgt);
 
 	/* CRLF source */
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, "crlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\n");
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf("crlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\n", tgt);
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, "crlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\n");
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf("crlf\ncrlf\ncrlf\ncrlf\n", tgt);
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, "\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf");
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf("\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf", tgt);
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, "\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf");
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf("\ncrlf\ncrlf\ncrlf\ncrlf\ncrlf", tgt);
 
 	/* CRLF in LF text */
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, "\nlf\nlf\ncrlf\r\nlf\nlf\ncrlf\r\n");
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf("\r\nlf\r\nlf\r\ncrlf\r\nlf\r\nlf\r\ncrlf\r\n", tgt);
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, "\nlf\nlf\ncrlf\r\nlf\nlf\ncrlf\r\n");
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf("\nlf\nlf\ncrlf\nlf\nlf\ncrlf\n", tgt);
 
 	/* LF in CRLF text */
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, "\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\nlf\ncrlf\r\ncrlf");
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf("\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf\r\nlf\r\ncrlf\r\ncrlf", tgt);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf("\ncrlf\ncrlf\nlf\ncrlf\ncrlf", tgt);
 
 	/* bare CR test */
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, "\rcrlf\r\nlf\nlf\ncr\rcrlf\r\nlf\ncr\r");
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf("\rcrlf\r\nlf\r\nlf\r\ncr\rcrlf\r\nlf\r\ncr\r", tgt);
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, "\rcrlf\r\nlf\nlf\ncr\rcrlf\r\nlf\ncr\r");
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf("\rcrlf\nlf\nlf\ncr\rcrlf\nlf\ncr\r", tgt);
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, "\rcr\r");
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf(src.ptr, tgt);
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf("\rcr\r", tgt);
 
 	git_buf_dispose(&src);
@@ -1156,37 +1155,37 @@ void test_core_buffer__lf_and_crlf_conversions(void)
 	/* blob correspondence tests */
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, ALL_CRLF_TEXT_RAW);
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf(ALL_CRLF_TEXT_AS_CRLF, tgt);
 	git_buf_sets(&src, ALL_CRLF_TEXT_RAW);
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf(ALL_CRLF_TEXT_AS_LF, tgt);
 	git_buf_dispose(&src);
 	git_buf_dispose(&tgt);
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, ALL_LF_TEXT_RAW);
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf(ALL_LF_TEXT_AS_CRLF, tgt);
 	git_buf_sets(&src, ALL_LF_TEXT_RAW);
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf(ALL_LF_TEXT_AS_LF, tgt);
 	git_buf_dispose(&src);
 	git_buf_dispose(&tgt);
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, MORE_CRLF_TEXT_RAW);
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf(MORE_CRLF_TEXT_AS_CRLF, tgt);
 	git_buf_sets(&src, MORE_CRLF_TEXT_RAW);
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf(MORE_CRLF_TEXT_AS_LF, tgt);
 	git_buf_dispose(&src);
 	git_buf_dispose(&tgt);
 
 	git_buf_sets(&src, MORE_LF_TEXT_RAW);
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_lf_to_crlf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf(MORE_LF_TEXT_AS_CRLF, tgt);
 	git_buf_sets(&src, MORE_LF_TEXT_RAW);
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_crlf_to_lf(&tgt, &src));
 	check_buf(MORE_LF_TEXT_AS_LF, tgt);
 	git_buf_dispose(&src);
 	git_buf_dispose(&tgt);
diff --git a/tests/core/encoding.c b/tests/core/encoding.c
index a677afe..6cec246 100644
--- a/tests/core/encoding.c
+++ b/tests/core/encoding.c
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ void test_core_encoding__decode(void)
 	cl_assert(size == 4);
 
 	buf = (unsigned char *)"\xaa\xaa\xfe\xdc\xbaXY";
-	cl_assert(git_decode_varint(buf, &size) == 1489279344088ULL);
+	cl_assert(git_decode_varint(buf, &size) == UINT64_C(1489279344088));
 	cl_assert(size == 6);
 
 	buf = (unsigned char *)"\xaa\xaa\xaa\xaa\xaa\xaa\xaa\xfe\xdc\xbaXY";
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ void test_core_encoding__encode(void)
 	cl_assert(git_encode_varint(buf, 100, 267869656) == 4);
 	cl_assert(!memcmp(buf, "\xfe\xdc\xbaX", 4));
 
-	cl_assert(git_encode_varint(buf, 100, 1489279344088ULL) == 6);
+	cl_assert(git_encode_varint(buf, 100, UINT64_C(1489279344088)) == 6);
 	cl_assert(!memcmp(buf, "\xaa\xaa\xfe\xdc\xbaX", 6));
 
-	cl_assert(git_encode_varint(buf, 1, 1489279344088ULL) == -1);
+	cl_assert(git_encode_varint(buf, 1, UINT64_C(1489279344088)) == -1);
 }
diff --git a/tests/core/integer.c b/tests/core/integer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..18364ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/core/integer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+#include "clar_libgit2.h"
+
+void test_core_integer__multiply_int64_no_overflow(void)
+{
+#if !defined(git__multiply_int64_overflow)
+	int64_t result = 0;
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x0), INT64_C(0x0)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x0), INT64_C(0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x0), INT64_C(-0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x0), INT64_C(0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x0), INT64_C(-0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x0), INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x0), INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x0), INT64_C(0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x0), INT64_C(-0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x0), INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x0), INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x0), INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x1), INT64_C(0x0)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x1), INT64_C(0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x1));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x1), INT64_C(-0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x1));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x1), INT64_C(0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x2));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x1), INT64_C(-0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x2));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x1), INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x1), INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x1), INT64_C(0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x1), INT64_C(-0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x1), INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x1), INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x1), INT64_C(0x0)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x1), INT64_C(0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x1));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x1), INT64_C(-0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x1));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x1), INT64_C(0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x2));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x1), INT64_C(-0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x2));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x1), INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x1), INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x1), INT64_C(0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x1), INT64_C(-0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x1), INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x1), INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x2), INT64_C(0x0)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x2), INT64_C(0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x2));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x2), INT64_C(-0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x2));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x2), INT64_C(0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x4));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x2), INT64_C(-0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x4));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x2), INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0xffffffffffffffe));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x2), INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0xffffffffffffffe));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x2), INT64_C(0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x1000000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x2), INT64_C(-0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x1000000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x2), INT64_C(0x0)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x2), INT64_C(0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x2));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x2), INT64_C(-0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x2));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x2), INT64_C(0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x4));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x2), INT64_C(-0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x4));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x2), INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0xffffffffffffffe));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x2), INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0xffffffffffffffe));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x2), INT64_C(0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x1000000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x2), INT64_C(-0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x1000000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x2), INT64_C(-0x4000000000000000)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x0)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0xffffffffffffffe));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0xffffffffffffffe));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x0)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0xffffffffffffffe));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0xffffffffffffffe));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000), INT64_C(0x0)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000), INT64_C(0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000), INT64_C(-0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000), INT64_C(0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x1000000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000), INT64_C(-0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x1000000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000), INT64_C(0x0)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000), INT64_C(0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000), INT64_C(-0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000), INT64_C(0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x1000000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000), INT64_C(-0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x1000000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x0)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x4000000000000000), INT64_C(0x2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x0)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000), INT64_C(0x0)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(0x0));
+#endif
+}
+
+void test_core_integer__multiply_int64_overflow(void)
+{
+#if !defined(git__multiply_int64_overflow)
+	int64_t result = 0;
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x2), INT64_C(0x4000000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x2), INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x2), INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x2), INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x2), INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x2), INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x2), INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000), INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000), INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000), INT64_C(0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000), INT64_C(-0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000), INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000), INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x800000000000000), INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000), INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000), INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000), INT64_C(0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000), INT64_C(-0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000), INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000), INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x800000000000000), INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x4000000000000000), INT64_C(0x2)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x2)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x2)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x2)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x2)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff), INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000), INT64_C(0x2)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000), INT64_C(-0x2)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000), INT64_C(0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000), INT64_C(-0x7ffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000), INT64_C(0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000), INT64_C(-0x800000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000), INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000), INT64_C(-0x7fffffffffffffff)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000), INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000)));
+#endif
+}
+
+void test_core_integer__multiply_int64_edge_cases(void)
+{
+#if !defined(git__multiply_int64_overflow)
+	int64_t result = 0;
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000), INT64_C(-0x1)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000));
+	cl_assert(!git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x1), INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(0x1), INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000)));
+	cl_assert(git__multiply_int64_overflow(&result, INT64_C(-0x8000000000000000), INT64_C(0x1)));
+#endif
+}
diff --git a/tests/core/link.c b/tests/core/link.c
index 1e5ed45..0493edf 100644
--- a/tests/core/link.c
+++ b/tests/core/link.c
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ static void do_junction(const char *old, const char *new)
 	reparse_buf = LocalAlloc(LMEM_FIXED|LMEM_ZEROINIT, reparse_buflen);
 	cl_assert(reparse_buf);
 
-	subst_utf16 = reparse_buf->MountPointReparseBuffer.PathBuffer;
+	subst_utf16 = reparse_buf->ReparseBuffer.MountPoint.PathBuffer;
 	print_utf16 = subst_utf16 + subst_utf16_len + 1;
 
 	ret = git__utf8_to_16(subst_utf16, subst_utf16_len + 1,
@@ -135,10 +135,10 @@ static void do_junction(const char *old, const char *new)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(print_utf16_len, ret);
 
 	reparse_buf->ReparseTag = IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT;
-	reparse_buf->MountPointReparseBuffer.SubstituteNameOffset = 0;
-	reparse_buf->MountPointReparseBuffer.SubstituteNameLength = subst_byte_len;
-	reparse_buf->MountPointReparseBuffer.PrintNameOffset = (USHORT)(subst_byte_len + sizeof(WCHAR));
-	reparse_buf->MountPointReparseBuffer.PrintNameLength = print_byte_len;
+	reparse_buf->ReparseBuffer.MountPoint.SubstituteNameOffset = 0;
+	reparse_buf->ReparseBuffer.MountPoint.SubstituteNameLength = subst_byte_len;
+	reparse_buf->ReparseBuffer.MountPoint.PrintNameOffset = (USHORT)(subst_byte_len + sizeof(WCHAR));
+	reparse_buf->ReparseBuffer.MountPoint.PrintNameLength = print_byte_len;
 	reparse_buf->ReparseDataLength = reparse_buflen - REPARSE_DATA_HEADER_SIZE;
 
 	cl_win32_pass(DeviceIoControl(handle, FSCTL_SET_REPARSE_POINT,
diff --git a/tests/core/mkdir.c b/tests/core/mkdir.c
index ce11953..3f04c2a 100644
--- a/tests/core/mkdir.c
+++ b/tests/core/mkdir.c
@@ -150,10 +150,11 @@ static void cleanup_chmod_root(void *ref)
 	git_futils_rmdir_r("r", NULL, GIT_RMDIR_EMPTY_HIERARCHY);
 }
 
-#define check_mode(X,A) check_mode_at_line((X), (A), __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#define check_mode(X,A) check_mode_at_line((X), (A), __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 
 static void check_mode_at_line(
-	mode_t expected, mode_t actual, const char *file, int line)
+	mode_t expected, mode_t actual,
+	const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	/* FAT filesystems don't support exec bit, nor group/world bits */
 	if (!cl_is_chmod_supported()) {
@@ -162,7 +163,7 @@ static void check_mode_at_line(
 	}
 
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		file, line, "expected_mode != actual_mode", 1,
+		file, func, line, "expected_mode != actual_mode", 1,
 		"%07o", (int)expected, (int)(actual & 0777));
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/core/path.c b/tests/core/path.c
index 2e5a4ab..eac3573 100644
--- a/tests/core/path.c
+++ b/tests/core/path.c
@@ -32,15 +32,6 @@ check_basename(const char *A, const char *B)
 }
 
 static void
-check_topdir(const char *A, const char *B)
-{
-	const char *dir;
-
-	cl_assert((dir = git_path_topdir(A)) != NULL);
-	cl_assert_equal_s(B, dir);
-}
-
-static void
 check_joinpath(const char *path_a, const char *path_b, const char *expected_path)
 {
 	git_buf joined_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
@@ -119,23 +110,6 @@ void test_core_path__01_basename(void)
 	check_basename(REP1024("/abc"), "abc");
 }
 
-/* get the latest component in a path */
-void test_core_path__02_topdir(void)
-{
-	check_topdir(".git/", ".git/");
-	check_topdir("/.git/", ".git/");
-	check_topdir("usr/local/.git/", ".git/");
-	check_topdir("./.git/", ".git/");
-	check_topdir("/usr/.git/", ".git/");
-	check_topdir("/", "/");
-	check_topdir("a/", "a/");
-
-	cl_assert(git_path_topdir("/usr/.git") == NULL);
-	cl_assert(git_path_topdir(".") == NULL);
-	cl_assert(git_path_topdir("") == NULL);
-	cl_assert(git_path_topdir("a") == NULL);
-}
-
 /* properly join path components */
 void test_core_path__05_joins(void)
 {
@@ -285,7 +259,7 @@ void test_core_path__08_self_join(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_buf_joinpath(&path, path.ptr + 4, "somethinglongenoughtorealloc"));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(path.ptr, "/baz/somethinglongenoughtorealloc");
 	cl_assert(asize < path.asize);
-	
+
 	git_buf_dispose(&path);
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/core/posix.c b/tests/core/posix.c
index 764ca19..1bb1e9c 100644
--- a/tests/core/posix.c
+++ b/tests/core/posix.c
@@ -190,6 +190,26 @@ void test_core_posix__symlink_resolves_to_correct_type(void)
 	git_buf_dispose(&contents);
 }
 
+void test_core_posix__relative_symlink(void)
+{
+	git_buf contents = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!git_path_supports_symlinks(clar_sandbox_path()))
+		clar__skip();
+
+	cl_must_pass(git_futils_mkdir("dir", 0777, 0));
+	cl_git_mkfile("file", "contents");
+	cl_git_pass(p_symlink("../file", "dir/link"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_futils_readbuffer(&contents, "dir/link"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(contents.ptr, "contents");
+
+	cl_must_pass(p_unlink("file"));
+	cl_must_pass(p_unlink("dir/link"));
+	cl_must_pass(p_rmdir("dir"));
+
+	git_buf_dispose(&contents);
+}
+
 void test_core_posix__symlink_to_file_across_dirs(void)
 {
 	git_buf contents = GIT_BUF_INIT;
diff --git a/tests/core/sha1.c b/tests/core/sha1.c
index f81d408..196b003 100644
--- a/tests/core/sha1.c
+++ b/tests/core/sha1.c
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ void test_core_sha1__detect_collision_attack(void)
 	git_oid oid, expected;
 
 #ifdef GIT_SHA1_COLLISIONDETECT
-	GIT_UNUSED(expected);
+	GIT_UNUSED(&expected);
 	cl_git_fail(sha1_file(&oid, FIXTURE_DIR "/shattered-1.pdf"));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("SHA1 collision attack detected", git_error_last()->message);
 #else
diff --git a/tests/core/sortedcache.c b/tests/core/sortedcache.c
index 35e92ec..d5bbcea 100644
--- a/tests/core/sortedcache.c
+++ b/tests/core/sortedcache.c
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ void test_core_sortedcache__name_only(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(
 		GIT_ENOTFOUND, git_sortedcache_lookup_index(&pos, sc, "abc"));
 
-	git_sortedcache_clear(sc, true);
+	cl_git_pass(git_sortedcache_clear(sc, true));
 
 	cl_assert_equal_sz(0, git_sortedcache_entrycount(sc));
 	cl_assert(git_sortedcache_entry(sc, 0) == NULL);
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ void test_core_sortedcache__in_memory(void)
 
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, free_count);
 
-	git_sortedcache_clear(sc, true);
+	cl_git_pass(git_sortedcache_clear(sc, true));
 
 	cl_assert_equal_i(5, free_count);
 
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ static void sortedcache_test_reload(git_sortedcache *sc)
 
 	cl_assert(git_sortedcache_lockandload(sc, &buf) > 0);
 
-	git_sortedcache_clear(sc, false); /* clear once we already have lock */
+	cl_git_pass(git_sortedcache_clear(sc, false)); /* clear once we already have lock */
 
 	for (scan = buf.ptr; *scan; scan = after + 1) {
 		int val = strtol(scan, &after, 0);
diff --git a/tests/core/strtol.c b/tests/core/strtol.c
index 25dbe46..851b91b 100644
--- a/tests/core/strtol.c
+++ b/tests/core/strtol.c
@@ -30,8 +30,9 @@ void test_core_strtol__int32(void)
 {
 	assert_l32_parses("123", 123, 10);
 	assert_l32_parses("  +123 ", 123, 10);
+	assert_l32_parses("  -123 ", -123, 10);
 	assert_l32_parses("  +2147483647 ", 2147483647, 10);
-	assert_l32_parses("  -2147483648 ", -2147483648LL, 10);
+	assert_l32_parses("  -2147483648 ", INT64_C(-2147483648), 10);
 	assert_l32_parses("A", 10, 16);
 	assert_l32_parses("1x1", 1, 10);
 
@@ -46,10 +47,11 @@ void test_core_strtol__int64(void)
 {
 	assert_l64_parses("123", 123, 10);
 	assert_l64_parses("  +123 ", 123, 10);
+	assert_l64_parses("  -123 ", -123, 10);
 	assert_l64_parses("  +2147483647 ", 2147483647, 10);
-	assert_l64_parses("  -2147483648 ", -2147483648LL, 10);
-	assert_l64_parses("  2147483657 ", 2147483657LL, 10);
-	assert_l64_parses("  -2147483657 ", -2147483657LL, 10);
+	assert_l64_parses("  -2147483648 ", INT64_C(-2147483648), 10);
+	assert_l64_parses("  2147483657 ", INT64_C(2147483657), 10);
+	assert_l64_parses("  -2147483657 ", INT64_C(-2147483657), 10);
 	assert_l64_parses(" 9223372036854775807  ", INT64_MAX, 10);
 	assert_l64_parses("   -9223372036854775808  ", INT64_MIN, 10);
 	assert_l64_parses("   0x7fffffffffffffff  ", INT64_MAX, 16);
diff --git a/tests/core/structinit.c b/tests/core/structinit.c
index f9da823..b6377bd 100644
--- a/tests/core/structinit.c
+++ b/tests/core/structinit.c
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ static void options_cmp(void *one, void *two, size_t size, const char *name)
 
 			p_snprintf(desc, 1024, "Difference in %s at byte %" PRIuZ ": macro=%u / func=%u",
 				name, i, ((char *)one)[i], ((char *)two)[i]);
-			clar__fail(__FILE__, __LINE__,
+			clar__fail(__FILE__, __func__, __LINE__,
 				"Difference between macro and function options initializer",
 				desc, 0);
 			return;
@@ -82,6 +82,11 @@ void test_core_structinit__compare(void)
 		git_blame_options, GIT_BLAME_OPTIONS_VERSION, \
 		GIT_BLAME_OPTIONS_INIT, git_blame_options_init);
 
+	/* blob_filter_options */
+	CHECK_MACRO_FUNC_INIT_EQUAL( \
+		git_blob_filter_options, GIT_BLOB_FILTER_OPTIONS_VERSION, \
+		GIT_BLOB_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT, git_blob_filter_options_init);
+
 	/* checkout */
 	CHECK_MACRO_FUNC_INIT_EQUAL( \
 		git_checkout_options, GIT_CHECKOUT_OPTIONS_VERSION, \
diff --git a/tests/core/useragent.c b/tests/core/useragent.c
index c6c5220..2ce935b 100644
--- a/tests/core/useragent.c
+++ b/tests/core/useragent.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #include "clar_libgit2.h"
-#include "global.h"
+#include "settings.h"
 
 void test_core_useragent__get(void)
 {
diff --git a/tests/core/utf8.c b/tests/core/utf8.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..021828e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/core/utf8.c
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#include "clar_libgit2.h"
+
+void test_core_utf8__char_length(void)
+{
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, git_utf8_char_length("", 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(1, git_utf8_char_length("$", 1));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(5, git_utf8_char_length("abcde", 5));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(1, git_utf8_char_length("\xc2\xa2", 2));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(2, git_utf8_char_length("\x24\xc2\xa2", 3));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(1, git_utf8_char_length("\xf0\x90\x8d\x88", 4));
+
+	/* uncontinued character counted as single characters */
+	cl_assert_equal_i(2, git_utf8_char_length("\x24\xc2", 2));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(3, git_utf8_char_length("\x24\xc2\xc2\xa2", 4));
+
+	/* invalid characters are counted as single characters */
+	cl_assert_equal_i(4, git_utf8_char_length("\x24\xc0\xc0\x34", 4));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(4, git_utf8_char_length("\x24\xf5\xfd\xc2", 4));
+}
diff --git a/tests/core/vector.c b/tests/core/vector.c
index a7e1a03..08cd2c1 100644
--- a/tests/core/vector.c
+++ b/tests/core/vector.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ void test_core_vector__0(void)
 {
 	git_vector x;
 	int i;
-	git_vector_init(&x, 1, NULL);
+	cl_git_pass(git_vector_init(&x, 1, NULL));
 	for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
 		git_vector_insert(&x, (void*) 0xabc);
 	}
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ void test_core_vector__1(void)
 {
 	git_vector x;
 	/* make initial capacity exact for our insertions. */
-	git_vector_init(&x, 3, NULL);
+	cl_git_pass(git_vector_init(&x, 3, NULL));
 	git_vector_insert(&x, (void*) 0xabc);
 	git_vector_insert(&x, (void*) 0xdef);
 	git_vector_insert(&x, (void*) 0x123);
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ void test_core_vector__3(void)
 {
 	git_vector x;
 	intptr_t i;
-	git_vector_init(&x, 1, &compare_them);
+	cl_git_pass(git_vector_init(&x, 1, &compare_them));
 
 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i += 2) {
 		git_vector_insert_sorted(&x, (void*)(i + 1), NULL);
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ void test_core_vector__4(void)
 {
 	git_vector x;
 	intptr_t i;
-	git_vector_init(&x, 1, &compare_them);
+	cl_git_pass(git_vector_init(&x, 1, &compare_them));
 
 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i += 2) {
 		git_vector_insert_sorted(&x, (void*)(i + 1), NULL);
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ void test_core_vector__5(void)
 	git_vector x;
 	int i;
 
-	git_vector_init(&x, 1, &compare_structs);
+	cl_git_pass(git_vector_init(&x, 1, &compare_structs));
 
 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i += 2)
 		git_vector_insert_sorted(&x, alloc_struct(i), &merge_structs);
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ void test_core_vector__remove_matching(void)
 	size_t i;
 	void *compare;
 
-	git_vector_init(&x, 1, NULL);
+	cl_git_pass(git_vector_init(&x, 1, NULL));
 	git_vector_insert(&x, (void*) 0x001);
 
 	cl_assert(x.length == 1);
diff --git a/tests/core/wildmatch.c b/tests/core/wildmatch.c
index e7897c6..7c56ee7 100644
--- a/tests/core/wildmatch.c
+++ b/tests/core/wildmatch.c
@@ -3,21 +3,21 @@
 #include "wildmatch.h"
 
 #define assert_matches(string, pattern, wildmatch, iwildmatch, pathmatch, ipathmatch) \
-	assert_matches_(string, pattern, wildmatch, iwildmatch, pathmatch, ipathmatch, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+	assert_matches_(string, pattern, wildmatch, iwildmatch, pathmatch, ipathmatch, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 
 static void assert_matches_(const char *string, const char *pattern,
 		char expected_wildmatch, char expected_iwildmatch,
 		char expected_pathmatch, char expected_ipathmatch,
-		const char *file, size_t line)
+		const char *file, const char *func, size_t line)
 {
 	if (wildmatch(pattern, string, WM_PATHNAME) == expected_wildmatch)
-		clar__fail(file, line, "Test failed (wildmatch).", string, 1);
+		clar__fail(file, func, line, "Test failed (wildmatch).", string, 1);
 	if (wildmatch(pattern, string, WM_PATHNAME|WM_CASEFOLD) == expected_iwildmatch)
-		clar__fail(file, line, "Test failed (iwildmatch).", string, 1);
+		clar__fail(file, func, line, "Test failed (iwildmatch).", string, 1);
 	if (wildmatch(pattern, string, 0) == expected_pathmatch)
-		clar__fail(file, line, "Test failed (pathmatch).", string, 1);
+		clar__fail(file, func, line, "Test failed (pathmatch).", string, 1);
 	if (wildmatch(pattern, string, WM_CASEFOLD) == expected_ipathmatch)
-		clar__fail(file, line, "Test failed (ipathmatch).", string, 1);
+		clar__fail(file, func, line, "Test failed (ipathmatch).", string, 1);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/tests/core/zstream.c b/tests/core/zstream.c
index bcbb45f..3cbcea1 100644
--- a/tests/core/zstream.c
+++ b/tests/core/zstream.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ static const char *data = "This is a test test test of This is a test";
 static void assert_zlib_equal_(
 	const void *expected, size_t e_len,
 	const void *compressed, size_t c_len,
-	const char *msg, const char *file, int line)
+	const char *msg, const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	z_stream stream;
 	char *expanded = git__calloc(1, e_len + INFLATE_EXTRA);
@@ -26,21 +26,21 @@ static void assert_zlib_equal_(
 	inflateEnd(&stream);
 
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		file, line, msg, 1,
+		file, func, line, msg, 1,
 		"%d", (int)stream.total_out, (int)e_len);
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		file, line, "Buffer len was not exact match", 1,
+		file, func, line, "Buffer len was not exact match", 1,
 		"%d", (int)stream.avail_out, (int)INFLATE_EXTRA);
 
 	clar__assert(
 		memcmp(expanded, expected, e_len) == 0,
-		file, line, "uncompressed data did not match", NULL, 1);
+		file, func, line, "uncompressed data did not match", NULL, 1);
 
 	git__free(expanded);
 }
 
 #define assert_zlib_equal(E,EL,C,CL) \
-	assert_zlib_equal_(E, EL, C, CL, #EL " != " #CL, __FILE__, (int)__LINE__)
+	assert_zlib_equal_(E, EL, C, CL, #EL " != " #CL, __FILE__, __func__, (int)__LINE__)
 
 void test_core_zstream__basic(void)
 {
diff --git a/tests/diff/format_email.c b/tests/diff/format_email.c
index 28f840a..bdfc4ca 100644
--- a/tests/diff/format_email.c
+++ b/tests/diff/format_email.c
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ void test_diff_format_email__binary(void)
 	"Subject: [PATCH] Modified binary file\n" \
 	"\n" \
 	"---\n" \
-	" binary.bin | Bin 3 -> 0 bytes\n" \
+	" binary.bin | Bin 3 -> 5 bytes\n" \
 	" 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)\n" \
 	"\n" \
 	"diff --git a/binary.bin b/binary.bin\n" \
@@ -496,7 +496,6 @@ void test_diff_format_email__binary(void)
 	"--\n" \
 	"libgit2 " LIBGIT2_VERSION "\n" \
 	"\n";
-	/* TODO: Actually 0 bytes here should be 5!. Seems like we don't load the new content for binary files? */
 
 	opts.summary = "Modified binary file";
 
diff --git a/tests/diff/parse.c b/tests/diff/parse.c
index b004d1e..6b6e664 100644
--- a/tests/diff/parse.c
+++ b/tests/diff/parse.c
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 #include "patch.h"
 #include "patch_parse.h"
 #include "diff_helpers.h"
-#include "../src/diff.h"
 
 #include "../patch/patch_common.h"
 
@@ -108,6 +107,29 @@ void test_diff_parse__no_extended_headers(void)
 	git_diff_free(diff);
 }
 
+void test_diff_parse__add_delete_no_index(void)
+{
+	const char *content =
+	    "diff --git a/file.txt b/file.txt\n"
+	    "new file mode 100644\n"
+	    "--- /dev/null\n"
+	    "+++ b/file.txt\n"
+	    "@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@\n"
+	    "+one\n"
+	    "+two\n"
+	    "diff --git a/otherfile.txt b/otherfile.txt\n"
+	    "deleted file mode 100644\n"
+	    "--- a/otherfile.txt\n"
+	    "+++ /dev/null\n"
+	    "@@ -1,1 +0,0 @@\n"
+	    "-three\n";
+	git_diff *diff;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_diff_from_buffer(
+		&diff, content, strlen(content)));
+	git_diff_free(diff);
+}
+
 void test_diff_parse__invalid_patches_fails(void)
 {
 	test_parse_invalid_diff(PATCH_CORRUPT_MISSING_NEW_FILE);
@@ -319,20 +341,20 @@ void test_diff_parse__patch_roundtrip_succeeds(void)
 	git_buf_dispose(&diffbuf);
 }
 
-#define cl_assert_equal_i_src(i1,i2,file,line) clar__assert_equal(file,line,#i1 " != " #i2, 1, "%d", (int)(i1), (int)(i2))
+#define cl_assert_equal_i_src(i1,i2,file,func,line) clar__assert_equal(file,func,line,#i1 " != " #i2, 1, "%d", (int)(i1), (int)(i2))
 
-static void cl_git_assert_lineinfo_(int old_lineno, int new_lineno, int num_lines, git_patch *patch, size_t hunk_idx, size_t line_idx, const char *file, int lineno)
+static void cl_git_assert_lineinfo_(int old_lineno, int new_lineno, int num_lines, git_patch *patch, size_t hunk_idx, size_t line_idx, const char *file, const char *func, int lineno)
 {
 	const git_diff_line *line;
 
-	cl_git_expect(git_patch_get_line_in_hunk(&line, patch, hunk_idx, line_idx), 0, file, lineno);
-	cl_assert_equal_i_src(old_lineno, line->old_lineno, file, lineno);
-	cl_assert_equal_i_src(new_lineno, line->new_lineno, file, lineno);
-	cl_assert_equal_i_src(num_lines, line->num_lines, file, lineno);
+	cl_git_expect(git_patch_get_line_in_hunk(&line, patch, hunk_idx, line_idx), 0, file, func, lineno);
+	cl_assert_equal_i_src(old_lineno, line->old_lineno, file, func, lineno);
+	cl_assert_equal_i_src(new_lineno, line->new_lineno, file, func, lineno);
+	cl_assert_equal_i_src(num_lines, line->num_lines, file, func, lineno);
 }
 
 #define cl_git_assert_lineinfo(old, new, num, p, h, l) \
-	cl_git_assert_lineinfo_(old,new,num,p,h,l,__FILE__,__LINE__)
+	cl_git_assert_lineinfo_(old,new,num,p,h,l,__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__)
 
 
 void test_diff_parse__issue4672(void)
diff --git a/tests/diff/patch.c b/tests/diff/patch.c
index 7eb3536..d288bba 100644
--- a/tests/diff/patch.c
+++ b/tests/diff/patch.c
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 #include "diff_helpers.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "repository.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 
 static git_repository *g_repo = NULL;
 
diff --git a/tests/diff/rename.c b/tests/diff/rename.c
index df32eeb..bd25d29 100644
--- a/tests/diff/rename.c
+++ b/tests/diff/rename.c
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include "clar_libgit2.h"
 #include "diff_helpers.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 
 static git_repository *g_repo = NULL;
 
@@ -22,6 +21,8 @@ void test_diff_rename__cleanup(void)
 #define RENAME_MODIFICATION_COMMIT "19dd32dfb1520a64e5bbaae8dce6ef423dfa2f13"
 #define REWRITE_DELETE_COMMIT "84d8efa38af7ace2b302de0adbda16b1f1cd2e1b"
 #define DELETE_RENAME_COMMIT "be053a189b0bbde545e0a3f59ce00b46ad29ce0d"
+#define BREAK_REWRITE_BASE_COMMIT "db98035f715427eef1f5e17f03e1801c05301e9e"
+#define BREAK_REWRITE_COMMIT "7e7bfb88ba9bc65fd700fee1819cf1c317aafa56"
 
 /*
  * Renames repo has:
@@ -513,7 +514,7 @@ void test_diff_rename__working_directory_changes(void)
 	cl_git_pass(
 		git_futils_readbuffer(&old_content, "renames/songof7cities.txt"));
 	cl_git_pass(
-		git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(&content, &old_content));
+		git_buf_lf_to_crlf(&content, &old_content));
 	cl_git_pass(
 		git_futils_writebuffer(&content, "renames/songof7cities.txt", 0, 0));
 
@@ -1978,3 +1979,56 @@ void test_diff_rename__delete_and_rename(void)
 	git_tree_free(old_tree);
 	git_tree_free(new_tree);
 }
+
+/*
+ * The break_rewrite branch contains a testcase reduced from
+ * a real-world scenario, rather than being "constructed" like
+ * the above tests seem to be. There are two commits layered
+ * on top of the repo's initial commit; the base commit which
+ * clears out the files from the initial commit and installs
+ * four files. And then there's the modification commit which
+ * mutates the files in such a way as to trigger the bug in
+ * libgit2.
+ * commit db98035f715427eef1f5e17f03e1801c05301e9e
+ *   serving.txt     (deleted)
+ *   sevencities.txt (deleted)
+ *   AAA             (313 lines)
+ *   BBB             (314 lines)
+ *   CCC             (704 lines)
+ *   DDD             (314 lines, identical to BBB)
+ * commit 7e7bfb88ba9bc65fd700fee1819cf1c317aafa56
+ *   This deletes CCC and makes slight modifications
+ *   to AAA, BBB, and DDD. The find_best_matches loop
+ *   for git_diff_find_similar computes the following:
+ *   CCC    moved to    AAA     (similarity 91)
+ *   CCC    copied to   AAA     (similarity 91)
+ *   DDD    moved to    BBB     (similarity 52)
+ *   CCC    copied to   BBB     (similarity 90)
+ *   BBB    moved to    DDD     (similarity 52)
+ *   CCC    copied to   DDD     (similarity 90)
+ * The code to rewrite the diffs by resolving these
+ * copies/renames would resolve the BBB <-> DDD moves
+ * but then still leave BBB as a rename target for
+ * the deleted file CCC. Since the split flag on BBB
+ * was cleared, this would trigger an error.
+ */
+void test_diff_rename__break_rewrite(void)
+{
+	const char *old_sha = BREAK_REWRITE_BASE_COMMIT;
+	const char *new_sha = BREAK_REWRITE_COMMIT;
+	git_tree *old_tree, *new_tree;
+	git_diff *diff;
+	git_diff_find_options find_opts = GIT_DIFF_FIND_OPTIONS_INIT;
+
+	old_tree = resolve_commit_oid_to_tree(g_repo, old_sha);
+	new_tree = resolve_commit_oid_to_tree(g_repo, new_sha);
+
+	find_opts.flags = GIT_DIFF_FIND_RENAMES | GIT_DIFF_FIND_COPIES | GIT_DIFF_BREAK_REWRITES | GIT_DIFF_BREAK_REWRITES_FOR_RENAMES_ONLY;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_diff_tree_to_tree(&diff, g_repo, old_tree, new_tree, NULL));
+	cl_git_pass(git_diff_find_similar(diff, &find_opts));
+
+	git_diff_free(diff);
+	git_tree_free(old_tree);
+	git_tree_free(new_tree);
+}
diff --git a/tests/diff/stats.c b/tests/diff/stats.c
index 1503556..5457267 100644
--- a/tests/diff/stats.c
+++ b/tests/diff/stats.c
@@ -298,9 +298,8 @@ void test_diff_stats__binary(void)
 {
 	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	const char *stat =
-	" binary.bin | Bin 3 -> 0 bytes\n"
+	" binary.bin | Bin 3 -> 5 bytes\n"
 	" 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)\n";
-	/* TODO: Actually 0 bytes here should be 5!. Seems like we don't load the new content for binary files? */
 
 	diff_stats_from_commit_oid(
 		&_stats, "8d7523f6fcb2404257889abe0d96f093d9f524f9", false);
@@ -343,3 +342,38 @@ void test_diff_stats__mode_change(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_s(stat, git_buf_cstr(&buf));
 	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
 }
+
+void test_diff_stats__new_file(void)
+{
+	git_diff *diff;
+	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+
+	const char *input =
+	"---\n"
+	" Gurjeet Singh | 1 +\n"
+	" 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)\n"
+	" create mode 100644 Gurjeet Singh\n"
+	"\n"
+	"diff --git a/Gurjeet Singh b/Gurjeet Singh\n"
+	"new file mode 100644\n"
+	"index 0000000..6d0ecfd\n"
+	"--- /dev/null\n"
+	"+++ b/Gurjeet Singh	\n"
+	"@@ -0,0 +1 @@\n"
+	"+I'm about to try git send-email\n"
+	"-- \n"
+	"2.21.0\n";
+
+	const char *stat =
+	" Gurjeet Singh | 1 +\n"
+	" 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)\n"
+	" create mode 100644 Gurjeet Singh\n";
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_diff_from_buffer(&diff, input, strlen(input)));
+	cl_git_pass(git_diff_get_stats(&_stats, diff));
+	cl_git_pass(git_diff_stats_to_buf(&buf, _stats, GIT_DIFF_STATS_FULL | GIT_DIFF_STATS_INCLUDE_SUMMARY, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(stat, git_buf_cstr(&buf));
+
+	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
+	git_diff_free(diff);
+}
diff --git a/tests/diff/submodules.c b/tests/diff/submodules.c
index 8899d3f..93223ef 100644
--- a/tests/diff/submodules.c
+++ b/tests/diff/submodules.c
@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ void test_diff_submodules__cleanup(void)
 #define get_buf_ptr(buf) ((buf)->asize ? (buf)->ptr : NULL)
 
 static void check_diff_patches_at_line(
-	git_diff *diff, const char **expected, const char *file, int line)
+	git_diff *diff, const char **expected,
+	const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	const git_diff_delta *delta;
 	git_patch *patch = NULL;
@@ -30,34 +31,34 @@ static void check_diff_patches_at_line(
 		cl_assert((delta = git_patch_get_delta(patch)) != NULL);
 
 		if (delta->status == GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED) {
-			cl_assert_at_line(expected[d] == NULL, file, line);
+			cl_assert_at_line(expected[d] == NULL, file, func, line);
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		if (expected[d] && !strcmp(expected[d], "<SKIP>"))
 			continue;
 		if (expected[d] && !strcmp(expected[d], "<UNTRACKED>")) {
-			cl_assert_at_line(delta->status == GIT_DELTA_UNTRACKED, file, line);
+			cl_assert_at_line(delta->status == GIT_DELTA_UNTRACKED, file, func, line);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (expected[d] && !strcmp(expected[d], "<END>")) {
 			cl_git_pass(git_patch_to_buf(&buf, patch));
-			cl_assert_at_line(!strcmp(expected[d], "<END>"), file, line);
+			cl_assert_at_line(!strcmp(expected[d], "<END>"), file, func, line);
 		}
 
 		cl_git_pass(git_patch_to_buf(&buf, patch));
 
 		clar__assert_equal(
-			file, line, "expected diff did not match actual diff", 1,
+			file, func, line, "expected diff did not match actual diff", 1,
 			"%s", expected[d], get_buf_ptr(&buf));
 		git_buf_dispose(&buf);
 	}
 
-	cl_assert_at_line(expected[d] && !strcmp(expected[d], "<END>"), file, line);
+	cl_assert_at_line(expected[d] && !strcmp(expected[d], "<END>"), file, func, line);
 }
 
 #define check_diff_patches(diff, exp) \
-	check_diff_patches_at_line(diff, exp, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+	check_diff_patches_at_line(diff, exp, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 
 void test_diff_submodules__unmodified_submodule(void)
 {
diff --git a/tests/diff/tree.c b/tests/diff/tree.c
index 2359a83..dfe4d25 100644
--- a/tests/diff/tree.c
+++ b/tests/diff/tree.c
@@ -524,3 +524,52 @@ void test_diff_tree__diff_configs(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(7, expect.line_adds);
 	cl_assert_equal_i(15, expect.line_dels);
 }
+
+void test_diff_tree__diff_tree_with_empty_dir_entry_succeeds(void)
+{
+	const char *content = "This is a blob\n";
+	const git_diff_delta *delta;
+	git_oid empty_tree, invalid_tree, blob;
+	git_buf patch = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_treebuilder *builder;
+
+	g_repo = cl_git_sandbox_init("empty_standard_repo");
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_blob_create_from_buffer(&blob, g_repo, content, strlen(content)));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_new(&builder, g_repo, NULL));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_write(&empty_tree, builder));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_insert(NULL, builder, "empty_tree", &empty_tree, GIT_FILEMODE_TREE));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_insert(NULL, builder, "blob", &blob, GIT_FILEMODE_BLOB));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_write(&invalid_tree, builder));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_tree_lookup(&a, g_repo, &empty_tree));
+	cl_git_pass(git_tree_lookup(&b, g_repo, &invalid_tree));
+	cl_git_pass(git_diff_tree_to_tree(&diff, g_repo, a, b, NULL));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_diff_foreach(diff,
+		diff_file_cb, diff_binary_cb, diff_hunk_cb, diff_line_cb, &expect));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(1, expect.files);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, expect.file_status[GIT_DELTA_MODIFIED]);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(1, expect.hunks);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(1, expect.lines);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, expect.line_ctxt);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(1, expect.line_adds);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, expect.line_dels);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_diff_to_buf(&patch, diff, GIT_DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(patch.ptr,
+		"diff --git a/blob b/blob\n"
+		"new file mode 100644\n"
+		"index 0000000..bbf2e80\n"
+		"--- /dev/null\n"
+		"+++ b/blob\n"
+		"@@ -0,0 +1 @@\n"
+		"+This is a blob\n");
+
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_diff_num_deltas(diff), 1);
+	delta = git_diff_get_delta(diff, 0);
+	cl_assert_equal_s(delta->new_file.path, "blob");
+
+	git_treebuilder_free(builder);
+	git_buf_dispose(&patch);
+}
diff --git a/tests/diff/workdir.c b/tests/diff/workdir.c
index 8b04452..00c52ff 100644
--- a/tests/diff/workdir.c
+++ b/tests/diff/workdir.c
@@ -1876,9 +1876,9 @@ void test_diff_workdir__binary_detection(void)
 	git_buf b = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	int i;
 	git_buf data[10] = {
-		{ "1234567890", 0, 0 },         /* 0 - all ascii text control */
-		{ "\xC3\x85\xC3\xBC\xE2\x80\xA0\x48\xC3\xB8\xCF\x80\xCE\xA9", 0, 0 },            /* 1 - UTF-8 multibyte text */
-		{ "\xEF\xBB\xBF\xC3\x9C\xE2\xA4\x92\xC6\x92\x38\xC2\xA3\xE2\x82\xAC", 0, 0 }, /* 2 - UTF-8 with BOM */
+		{ "1234567890", 0, 10 },         /* 0 - all ascii text control */
+		{ "\xC3\x85\xC3\xBC\xE2\x80\xA0\x48\xC3\xB8\xCF\x80\xCE\xA9", 0, 14 },            /* 1 - UTF-8 multibyte text */
+		{ "\xEF\xBB\xBF\xC3\x9C\xE2\xA4\x92\xC6\x92\x38\xC2\xA3\xE2\x82\xAC", 0, 16 }, /* 2 - UTF-8 with BOM */
 		{ STR999Z, 0, 1000 },           /* 3 - ASCII with NUL at 1000 */
 		{ STR3999Z, 0, 4000 },          /* 4 - ASCII with NUL at 4000 */
 		{ STR4000 STR3999Z "x", 0, 8001 }, /* 5 - ASCII with NUL at 8000 */
@@ -2160,3 +2160,81 @@ void test_diff_workdir__symlink_changed_on_non_symlink_platform(void)
 	git_tree_free(tree);
 	git_vector_free(&pathlist);
 }
+
+void test_diff_workdir__order(void)
+{
+	git_diff_options opts = GIT_DIFF_OPTIONS_INIT;
+	git_buf patch = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_oid tree_oid, blob_oid;
+	git_treebuilder *builder;
+	git_tree *tree;
+	git_diff *diff;
+
+	g_repo = cl_git_sandbox_init("empty_standard_repo");
+
+	/* Build tree with a single file "abc.txt" */
+	cl_git_pass(git_blob_create_from_buffer(&blob_oid, g_repo, "foo\n", 4));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_new(&builder, g_repo, NULL));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_insert(NULL, builder, "abc.txt", &blob_oid, GIT_FILEMODE_BLOB));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_write(&tree_oid, builder));
+	cl_git_pass(git_tree_lookup(&tree, g_repo, &tree_oid));
+
+	/* Create a directory that sorts before and one that sorts after "abc.txt" */
+	cl_git_mkfile("empty_standard_repo/abc.txt", "bar\n");
+	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir("empty_standard_repo/abb", 0777));
+	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir("empty_standard_repo/abd", 0777));
+
+	opts.flags = GIT_DIFF_INCLUDE_UNTRACKED;
+	cl_git_pass(git_diff_tree_to_workdir(&diff, g_repo, tree, &opts));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_i(1, git_diff_num_deltas(diff));
+	cl_git_pass(git_diff_to_buf(&patch, diff, GIT_DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(patch.ptr,
+		"diff --git a/abc.txt b/abc.txt\n"
+		"index 257cc56..5716ca5 100644\n"
+		"--- a/abc.txt\n"
+		"+++ b/abc.txt\n"
+		"@@ -1 +1 @@\n"
+		"-foo\n"
+		"+bar\n");
+
+	git_treebuilder_free(builder);
+	git_buf_dispose(&patch);
+	git_diff_free(diff);
+	git_tree_free(tree);
+}
+
+void test_diff_workdir__ignore_blank_lines(void)
+{
+	git_diff_options opts = GIT_DIFF_OPTIONS_INIT;
+	git_diff *diff;
+	git_patch *patch;
+	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+
+	g_repo = cl_git_sandbox_init("rebase");
+	cl_git_rewritefile("rebase/gravy.txt", "GRAVY SOUP.\n\n\nGet eight pounds of coarse lean beef--wash it clean and lay it in your\n\npot, put in the same ingredients as for the shin soup, with the same\nquantity of water, and follow the process directed for that. Strain the\nsoup through a sieve, and serve it up clear, with nothing more than\ntoasted bread in it; two table-spoonsful of mushroom catsup will add a\nfine flavour to the soup!\n");
+
+	/* Perform the diff normally */
+	cl_git_pass(git_diff_index_to_workdir(&diff, g_repo, NULL, &opts));
+	cl_git_pass(git_patch_from_diff(&patch, diff, 0));
+	cl_git_pass(git_patch_to_buf(&buf, patch));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_s("diff --git a/gravy.txt b/gravy.txt\nindex c4e6cca..3c617e6 100644\n--- a/gravy.txt\n+++ b/gravy.txt\n@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@\n GRAVY SOUP.\n \n+\n Get eight pounds of coarse lean beef--wash it clean and lay it in your\n+\n pot, put in the same ingredients as for the shin soup, with the same\n quantity of water, and follow the process directed for that. Strain the\n soup through a sieve, and serve it up clear, with nothing more than\n toasted bread in it; two table-spoonsful of mushroom catsup will add a\n-fine flavour to the soup.\n+fine flavour to the soup!\n", buf.ptr);
+
+	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
+	git_patch_free(patch);
+	git_diff_free(diff);
+
+	/* Perform the diff ignoring blank lines */
+	opts.flags |= GIT_DIFF_IGNORE_BLANK_LINES;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_diff_index_to_workdir(&diff, g_repo, NULL, &opts));
+	cl_git_pass(git_patch_from_diff(&patch, diff, 0));
+	cl_git_pass(git_patch_to_buf(&buf, patch));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_s("diff --git a/gravy.txt b/gravy.txt\nindex c4e6cca..3c617e6 100644\n--- a/gravy.txt\n+++ b/gravy.txt\n@@ -5,4 +7,4 @@ pot, put in the same ingredients as for the shin soup, with the same\n quantity of water, and follow the process directed for that. Strain the\n soup through a sieve, and serve it up clear, with nothing more than\n toasted bread in it; two table-spoonsful of mushroom catsup will add a\n-fine flavour to the soup.\n+fine flavour to the soup!\n", buf.ptr);
+
+	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
+	git_patch_free(patch);
+	git_diff_free(diff);
+}
diff --git a/tests/fetchhead/nonetwork.c b/tests/fetchhead/nonetwork.c
index 6cea6d1..6881af4 100644
--- a/tests/fetchhead/nonetwork.c
+++ b/tests/fetchhead/nonetwork.c
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ void test_fetchhead_nonetwork__write(void)
 	int equals = 0;
 	size_t i;
 
-	git_vector_init(&fetchhead_vector, 6, NULL);
+	cl_git_pass(git_vector_init(&fetchhead_vector, 6, NULL));
 
 	cl_set_cleanup(&cleanup_repository, "./test1");
 	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "./test1", 0));
@@ -319,6 +319,16 @@ static int assert_master_for_merge(const char *ref, const char *url, const git_o
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int assert_none_for_merge(const char *ref, const char *url, const git_oid *id, unsigned int is_merge, void *data)
+{
+	GIT_UNUSED(ref);
+	GIT_UNUSED(url);
+	GIT_UNUSED(id);
+	GIT_UNUSED(data);
+
+	return is_merge ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
 void test_fetchhead_nonetwork__unborn_with_upstream(void)
 {
 	git_repository *repo;
@@ -366,6 +376,25 @@ void test_fetchhead_nonetwork__fetch_into_repo_with_symrefs(void)
 	cl_git_sandbox_cleanup();
 }
 
+void test_fetchhead_nonetwork__fetch_into_repo_with_invalid_head(void)
+{
+	git_remote *remote;
+	char *strings[] = { "refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" };
+	git_strarray refspecs = { strings, 1 };
+
+	cl_set_cleanup(&cleanup_repository, "./test1");
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "./test1", 0));
+
+	/* HEAD pointing to nonexistent branch */
+	cl_git_rewritefile("./test1/.git/HEAD", "ref: refs/heads/\n");
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_remote_create_anonymous(&remote, g_repo, cl_fixture("testrepo.git")));
+	cl_git_pass(git_remote_fetch(remote, &refspecs, NULL, NULL));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_fetchhead_foreach(g_repo, assert_none_for_merge, NULL));
+
+	git_remote_free(remote);
+}
+
 void test_fetchhead_nonetwork__quote_in_branch_name(void)
 {
 	cl_set_cleanup(&cleanup_repository, "./test1");
diff --git a/tests/filter/bare.c b/tests/filter/bare.c
index 430931e..f8e3423 100644
--- a/tests/filter/bare.c
+++ b/tests/filter/bare.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ void test_filter_bare__initialize(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&g_repo, "crlf.git"));
 
 	filter_opts.flags |= GIT_BLOB_FILTER_NO_SYSTEM_ATTRIBUTES;
-	filter_opts.flags |= GIT_BLOB_FILTER_ATTTRIBUTES_FROM_HEAD;
+	filter_opts.flags |= GIT_BLOB_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_HEAD;
 }
 
 void test_filter_bare__cleanup(void)
@@ -132,3 +132,63 @@ void test_filter_bare__sanitizes(void)
 	git_blob_free(blob);
 }
 
+void test_filter_bare__from_specific_commit_one(void)
+{
+	git_blob_filter_options opts = GIT_BLOB_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT;
+	git_blob *blob;
+	git_buf buf = { 0 };
+	git_oid commit_id;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&commit_id, "b8986fec0f7bde90f78ac72706e782d82f24f2f0"));
+
+	opts.flags |= GIT_BLOB_FILTER_NO_SYSTEM_ATTRIBUTES;
+	opts.flags |= GIT_BLOB_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_COMMIT;
+	opts.commit_id = &commit_id;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_revparse_single(
+		(git_object **)&blob, g_repo, "055c872")); /* ident */
+
+	cl_assert_equal_s("$Id$\n", git_blob_rawcontent(blob));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_blob_filter(&buf, blob, "ident.bin", &opts));
+	cl_assert_equal_s("$Id$\n", buf.ptr);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_blob_filter(&buf, blob, "ident.identlf", &opts));
+	cl_assert_equal_s("$Id: 055c8729cdcc372500a08db659c045e16c4409fb $\n", buf.ptr);
+
+	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
+	git_blob_free(blob);
+}
+
+void test_filter_bare__from_specific_commit_with_no_attributes_file(void)
+{
+	git_blob_filter_options opts = GIT_BLOB_FILTER_OPTIONS_INIT;
+	git_blob *blob;
+	git_buf buf = { 0 };
+	git_oid commit_id;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&commit_id, "5afb6a14a864e30787857dd92af837e8cdd2cb1b"));
+
+	opts.flags |= GIT_BLOB_FILTER_NO_SYSTEM_ATTRIBUTES;
+	opts.flags |= GIT_BLOB_FILTER_ATTRIBUTES_FROM_COMMIT;
+	opts.commit_id = &commit_id;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_revparse_single(
+		(git_object **)&blob, g_repo, "799770d")); /* all-lf */
+
+	cl_assert_equal_s(ALL_LF_TEXT_RAW, git_blob_rawcontent(blob));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_blob_filter(&buf, blob, "file.bin", &opts));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(ALL_LF_TEXT_RAW, buf.ptr);
+
+	/* we never convert CRLF -> LF on platforms that have LF */
+	cl_git_pass(git_blob_filter(&buf, blob, "file.lf", &opts));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(ALL_LF_TEXT_RAW, buf.ptr);
+
+	/* we never convert CRLF -> LF on platforms that have LF */
+	cl_git_pass(git_blob_filter(&buf, blob, "file.crlf", &opts));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(ALL_LF_TEXT_RAW, buf.ptr);
+
+	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
+	git_blob_free(blob);
+}
diff --git a/tests/filter/crlf.c b/tests/filter/crlf.c
index a266005..bc9c7f2 100644
--- a/tests/filter/crlf.c
+++ b/tests/filter/crlf.c
@@ -23,7 +23,9 @@ void test_filter_crlf__to_worktree(void)
 {
 	git_filter_list *fl;
 	git_filter *crlf;
-	git_buf in = { 0 }, out = { 0 };
+	git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	const char *in;
+	size_t in_len;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_new(
 		&fl, g_repo, GIT_FILTER_TO_WORKTREE, 0));
@@ -33,10 +35,10 @@ void test_filter_crlf__to_worktree(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_push(fl, crlf, NULL));
 
-	in.ptr = "Some text\nRight here\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Some text\nRight here\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 
 	cl_assert_equal_s("Some text\r\nRight here\r\n", out.ptr);
 
@@ -48,7 +50,9 @@ void test_filter_crlf__to_odb(void)
 {
 	git_filter_list *fl;
 	git_filter *crlf;
-	git_buf in = { 0 }, out = { 0 };
+	git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	const char *in;
+	size_t in_len;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_new(
 		&fl, g_repo, GIT_FILTER_TO_ODB, 0));
@@ -58,10 +62,10 @@ void test_filter_crlf__to_odb(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_push(fl, crlf, NULL));
 
-	in.ptr = "Some text\r\nRight here\r\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Some text\r\nRight here\r\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 
 	cl_assert_equal_s("Some text\nRight here\n", out.ptr);
 
@@ -73,7 +77,9 @@ void test_filter_crlf__with_safecrlf(void)
 {
 	git_filter_list *fl;
 	git_filter *crlf;
-	git_buf in = {0}, out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	const char *in;
+	size_t in_len;
 
 	cl_repo_set_bool(g_repo, "core.safecrlf", true);
 
@@ -86,31 +92,31 @@ void test_filter_crlf__with_safecrlf(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_push(fl, crlf, NULL));
 
 	/* Normalized \r\n succeeds with safecrlf */
-	in.ptr = "Normal\r\nCRLF\r\nline-endings.\r\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Normal\r\nCRLF\r\nline-endings.\r\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("Normal\nCRLF\nline-endings.\n", out.ptr);
 
 	/* Mix of line endings fails with safecrlf */
-	in.ptr = "Mixed\nup\r\nLF\nand\r\nCRLF\nline-endings.\r\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Mixed\nup\r\nLF\nand\r\nCRLF\nline-endings.\r\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_fail(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_fail(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(git_error_last()->klass, GIT_ERROR_FILTER);
 
 	/* Normalized \n fails for autocrlf=true when safecrlf=true */
-	in.ptr = "Normal\nLF\nonly\nline-endings.\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Normal\nLF\nonly\nline-endings.\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_fail(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_fail(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(git_error_last()->klass, GIT_ERROR_FILTER);
 
 	/* String with \r but without \r\n does not fail with safecrlf */
-	in.ptr = "Normal\nCR only\rand some more\nline-endings.\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Normal\nCR only\rand some more\nline-endings.\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("Normal\nCR only\rand some more\nline-endings.\n", out.ptr);
 
 	git_filter_list_free(fl);
@@ -121,7 +127,9 @@ void test_filter_crlf__with_safecrlf_and_unsafe_allowed(void)
 {
 	git_filter_list *fl;
 	git_filter *crlf;
-	git_buf in = {0}, out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	const char *in;
+	size_t in_len;
 
 	cl_repo_set_bool(g_repo, "core.safecrlf", true);
 
@@ -134,25 +142,25 @@ void test_filter_crlf__with_safecrlf_and_unsafe_allowed(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_push(fl, crlf, NULL));
 
 	/* Normalized \r\n succeeds with safecrlf */
-	in.ptr = "Normal\r\nCRLF\r\nline-endings.\r\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Normal\r\nCRLF\r\nline-endings.\r\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("Normal\nCRLF\nline-endings.\n", out.ptr);
 
 	/* Mix of line endings fails with safecrlf, but allowed to pass */
-	in.ptr = "Mixed\nup\r\nLF\nand\r\nCRLF\nline-endings.\r\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Mixed\nup\r\nLF\nand\r\nCRLF\nline-endings.\r\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 	/* TODO: check for warning */
 	cl_assert_equal_s("Mixed\nup\nLF\nand\nCRLF\nline-endings.\n", out.ptr);
 
 	/* Normalized \n fails with safecrlf, but allowed to pass */
-	in.ptr = "Normal\nLF\nonly\nline-endings.\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Normal\nLF\nonly\nline-endings.\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 	/* TODO: check for warning */
 	cl_assert_equal_s("Normal\nLF\nonly\nline-endings.\n", out.ptr);
 
@@ -164,7 +172,9 @@ void test_filter_crlf__no_safecrlf(void)
 {
 	git_filter_list *fl;
 	git_filter *crlf;
-	git_buf in = {0}, out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	const char *in;
+	size_t in_len;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_new(
 		&fl, g_repo, GIT_FILTER_TO_ODB, 0));
@@ -175,24 +185,24 @@ void test_filter_crlf__no_safecrlf(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_push(fl, crlf, NULL));
 
 	/* Normalized \r\n succeeds with safecrlf */
-	in.ptr = "Normal\r\nCRLF\r\nline-endings.\r\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Normal\r\nCRLF\r\nline-endings.\r\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("Normal\nCRLF\nline-endings.\n", out.ptr);
 
 	/* Mix of line endings fails with safecrlf */
-	in.ptr = "Mixed\nup\r\nLF\nand\r\nCRLF\nline-endings.\r\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Mixed\nup\r\nLF\nand\r\nCRLF\nline-endings.\r\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("Mixed\nup\nLF\nand\nCRLF\nline-endings.\n", out.ptr);
 
 	/* Normalized \n fails with safecrlf */
-	in.ptr = "Normal\nLF\nonly\nline-endings.\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Normal\nLF\nonly\nline-endings.\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("Normal\nLF\nonly\nline-endings.\n", out.ptr);
 
 	git_filter_list_free(fl);
@@ -203,7 +213,9 @@ void test_filter_crlf__safecrlf_warn(void)
 {
 	git_filter_list *fl;
 	git_filter *crlf;
-	git_buf in = {0}, out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	const char *in;
+	size_t in_len;
 
 	cl_repo_set_string(g_repo, "core.safecrlf", "warn");
 
@@ -216,26 +228,26 @@ void test_filter_crlf__safecrlf_warn(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_push(fl, crlf, NULL));
 
 	/* Normalized \r\n succeeds with safecrlf=warn */
-	in.ptr = "Normal\r\nCRLF\r\nline-endings.\r\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Normal\r\nCRLF\r\nline-endings.\r\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("Normal\nCRLF\nline-endings.\n", out.ptr);
 
 	/* Mix of line endings succeeds with safecrlf=warn */
-	in.ptr = "Mixed\nup\r\nLF\nand\r\nCRLF\nline-endings.\r\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Mixed\nup\r\nLF\nand\r\nCRLF\nline-endings.\r\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 	/* TODO: check for warning */
 	cl_assert_equal_s("Mixed\nup\nLF\nand\nCRLF\nline-endings.\n", out.ptr);
 
 	/* Normalized \n is reversible, so does not fail with safecrlf=warn */
-	in.ptr = "Normal\nLF\nonly\nline-endings.\n";
-	in.size = strlen(in.ptr);
+	in = "Normal\nLF\nonly\nline-endings.\n";
+	in_len = strlen(in);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
-	cl_assert_equal_s(in.ptr, out.ptr);
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(in, out.ptr);
 
 	git_filter_list_free(fl);
 	git_buf_dispose(&out);
diff --git a/tests/filter/custom.c b/tests/filter/custom.c
index fe2025f..57cef33 100644
--- a/tests/filter/custom.c
+++ b/tests/filter/custom.c
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 #include "posix.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "filter.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 #include "git2/sys/filter.h"
 #include "git2/sys/repository.h"
 #include "custom_helpers.h"
@@ -95,13 +94,17 @@ static void register_custom_filters(void)
 void test_filter_custom__to_odb(void)
 {
 	git_filter_list *fl;
-	git_buf out = { 0 };
-	git_buf in = GIT_BUF_INIT_CONST(workdir_data, strlen(workdir_data));
+	git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	const char *in;
+	size_t in_len;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_load(
 		&fl, g_repo, NULL, "herofile", GIT_FILTER_TO_ODB, 0));
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	in = workdir_data;
+	in_len = strlen(workdir_data);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 
 	cl_assert_equal_i(BITFLIPPED_AND_REVERSED_DATA_LEN, out.size);
 
@@ -115,14 +118,17 @@ void test_filter_custom__to_odb(void)
 void test_filter_custom__to_workdir(void)
 {
 	git_filter_list *fl;
-	git_buf out = { 0 };
-	git_buf in = GIT_BUF_INIT_CONST(
-		bitflipped_and_reversed_data, BITFLIPPED_AND_REVERSED_DATA_LEN);
+	git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	const char *in;
+	size_t in_len;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_load(
 		&fl, g_repo, NULL, "herofile", GIT_FILTER_TO_WORKTREE, 0));
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	in = (char *)bitflipped_and_reversed_data;
+	in_len = BITFLIPPED_AND_REVERSED_DATA_LEN;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, in, in_len));
 
 	cl_assert_equal_i(strlen(workdir_data), out.size);
 
@@ -246,12 +252,16 @@ void test_filter_custom__erroneous_filter_fails(void)
 {
 	git_filter_list *filters;
 	git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
-	git_buf in = GIT_BUF_INIT_CONST(workdir_data, strlen(workdir_data));
+	const char *in;
+	size_t in_len;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_load(
 		&filters, g_repo, NULL, "villain", GIT_FILTER_TO_WORKTREE, 0));
 
-	cl_git_fail(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, filters, &in));
+	in = workdir_data;
+	in_len = strlen(workdir_data);
+
+	cl_git_fail(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, filters, in, in_len));
 
 	git_filter_list_free(filters);
 	git_buf_dispose(&out);
diff --git a/tests/filter/custom_helpers.c b/tests/filter/custom_helpers.c
index d7f2afe..233ba32 100644
--- a/tests/filter/custom_helpers.c
+++ b/tests/filter/custom_helpers.c
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include "clar_libgit2.h"
 #include "posix.h"
 #include "filter.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 #include "git2/sys/filter.h"
 
 #define VERY_SECURE_ENCRYPTION(b) ((b) ^ 0xff)
diff --git a/tests/filter/stream.c b/tests/filter/stream.c
index 226092c..b6a4c3c 100644
--- a/tests/filter/stream.c
+++ b/tests/filter/stream.c
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 #include "posix.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "filter.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 #include "git2/sys/filter.h"
 #include "git2/sys/repository.h"
 
diff --git a/tests/filter/wildcard.c b/tests/filter/wildcard.c
index 3c25ea2..ca1ba1a 100644
--- a/tests/filter/wildcard.c
+++ b/tests/filter/wildcard.c
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 #include "posix.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "filter.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 #include "git2/sys/filter.h"
 #include "git2/sys/repository.h"
 #include "custom_helpers.h"
@@ -123,13 +122,12 @@ static git_filter *create_wildcard_filter(void)
 void test_filter_wildcard__reverse(void)
 {
 	git_filter_list *fl;
-	git_buf in = GIT_BUF_INIT, out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_load(
 		&fl, g_repo, NULL, "hero-reverse-foo", GIT_FILTER_TO_ODB, 0));
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_put(&in, (char *)input, DATA_LEN));
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, (char *)input, DATA_LEN));
 
 	cl_assert_equal_i(DATA_LEN, out.size);
 
@@ -138,19 +136,17 @@ void test_filter_wildcard__reverse(void)
 
 	git_filter_list_free(fl);
 	git_buf_dispose(&out);
-	git_buf_dispose(&in);
 }
 
 void test_filter_wildcard__flip(void)
 {
 	git_filter_list *fl;
-	git_buf in = GIT_BUF_INIT, out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_load(
 		&fl, g_repo, NULL, "hero-flip-foo", GIT_FILTER_TO_ODB, 0));
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_put(&in, (char *)input, DATA_LEN));
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, (char *)input, DATA_LEN));
 
 	cl_assert_equal_i(DATA_LEN, out.size);
 
@@ -159,19 +155,17 @@ void test_filter_wildcard__flip(void)
 
 	git_filter_list_free(fl);
 	git_buf_dispose(&out);
-	git_buf_dispose(&in);
 }
 
 void test_filter_wildcard__none(void)
 {
 	git_filter_list *fl;
-	git_buf in = GIT_BUF_INIT, out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_load(
 		&fl, g_repo, NULL, "none-foo", GIT_FILTER_TO_ODB, 0));
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_put(&in, (char *)input, DATA_LEN));
-	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_data(&out, fl, &in));
+	cl_git_pass(git_filter_list_apply_to_buffer(&out, fl, (char *)input, DATA_LEN));
 
 	cl_assert_equal_i(DATA_LEN, out.size);
 
@@ -180,5 +174,4 @@ void test_filter_wildcard__none(void)
 
 	git_filter_list_free(fl);
 	git_buf_dispose(&out);
-	git_buf_dispose(&in);
 }
diff --git a/tests/graph/commit_graph.c b/tests/graph/commit_graph.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ff157e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/graph/commit_graph.c
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#include "clar_libgit2.h"
+
+#include <git2.h>
+
+#include "commit_graph.h"
+
+void test_graph_commit_graph__parse(void)
+{
+	git_repository *repo;
+	struct git_commit_graph_file *file;
+	struct git_commit_graph_entry e, parent;
+	git_oid id;
+	git_buf commit_graph_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&repo, cl_fixture("testrepo.git")));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_joinpath(&commit_graph_path, git_repository_path(repo), "objects/info/commit-graph"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_graph_file_open(&file, git_buf_cstr(&commit_graph_path)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_commit_graph_file_needs_refresh(file, git_buf_cstr(&commit_graph_path)), 0);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, "5001298e0c09ad9c34e4249bc5801c75e9754fa5"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_graph_entry_find(&e, file, &id, GIT_OID_HEXSZ));
+	cl_assert_equal_oid(&e.sha1, &id);
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, "418382dff1ffb8bdfba833f4d8bbcde58b1e7f47"));
+	cl_assert_equal_oid(&e.tree_oid, &id);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(e.generation, 1);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(e.commit_time, UINT64_C(1273610423));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(e.parent_count, 0);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, "be3563ae3f795b2b4353bcce3a527ad0a4f7f644"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_graph_entry_find(&e, file, &id, GIT_OID_HEXSZ));
+	cl_assert_equal_oid(&e.sha1, &id);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(e.generation, 5);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(e.commit_time, UINT64_C(1274813907));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(e.parent_count, 2);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, "9fd738e8f7967c078dceed8190330fc8648ee56a"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_graph_entry_parent(&parent, file, &e, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_oid(&parent.sha1, &id);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(parent.generation, 4);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, "c47800c7266a2be04c571c04d5a6614691ea99bd"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_graph_entry_parent(&parent, file, &e, 1));
+	cl_assert_equal_oid(&parent.sha1, &id);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(parent.generation, 3);
+
+	git_commit_graph_file_free(file);
+	git_repository_free(repo);
+	git_buf_dispose(&commit_graph_path);
+}
+
+void test_graph_commit_graph__parse_octopus_merge(void)
+{
+	git_repository *repo;
+	struct git_commit_graph_file *file;
+	struct git_commit_graph_entry e, parent;
+	git_oid id;
+	git_buf commit_graph_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&repo, cl_fixture("merge-recursive/.gitted")));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_joinpath(&commit_graph_path, git_repository_path(repo), "objects/info/commit-graph"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_graph_file_open(&file, git_buf_cstr(&commit_graph_path)));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, "d71c24b3b113fd1d1909998c5bfe33b86a65ee03"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_graph_entry_find(&e, file, &id, GIT_OID_HEXSZ));
+	cl_assert_equal_oid(&e.sha1, &id);
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, "348f16ffaeb73f319a75cec5b16a0a47d2d5e27c"));
+	cl_assert_equal_oid(&e.tree_oid, &id);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(e.generation, 7);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(e.commit_time, UINT64_C(1447083009));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(e.parent_count, 3);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, "ad2ace9e15f66b3d1138922e6ffdc3ea3f967fa6"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_graph_entry_parent(&parent, file, &e, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_oid(&parent.sha1, &id);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(parent.generation, 6);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, "483065df53c0f4a02cdc6b2910b05d388fc17ffb"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_graph_entry_parent(&parent, file, &e, 1));
+	cl_assert_equal_oid(&parent.sha1, &id);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(parent.generation, 2);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, "815b5a1c80ca749d705c7aa0cb294a00cbedd340"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_graph_entry_parent(&parent, file, &e, 2));
+	cl_assert_equal_oid(&parent.sha1, &id);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(parent.generation, 6);
+
+	git_commit_graph_file_free(file);
+	git_repository_free(repo);
+	git_buf_dispose(&commit_graph_path);
+}
diff --git a/tests/graph/reachable_from_any.c b/tests/graph/reachable_from_any.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c84164
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/graph/reachable_from_any.c
@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+#include "clar_libgit2.h"
+
+#include <git2.h>
+
+#include "commit_graph.h"
+#include "bitvec.h"
+#include "vector.h"
+
+static git_repository *repo;
+
+#define TEST_REPO_PATH "merge-recursive"
+
+void test_graph_reachable_from_any__initialize(void)
+{
+	git_oid oid;
+	git_commit *commit;
+
+	repo = cl_git_sandbox_init(TEST_REPO_PATH);
+
+	git_oid_fromstr(&oid, "539bd011c4822c560c1d17cab095006b7a10f707");
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_lookup(&commit, repo, &oid));
+	cl_git_pass(git_reset(repo, (git_object *)commit, GIT_RESET_HARD, NULL));
+	git_commit_free(commit);
+}
+
+void test_graph_reachable_from_any__cleanup(void)
+{
+	cl_git_sandbox_cleanup();
+}
+
+void test_graph_reachable_from_any__returns_correct_result(void)
+{
+	git_object *branchA1, *branchA2, *branchB1, *branchB2, *branchC1, *branchC2, *branchH1,
+			*branchH2;
+	git_oid descendants[7];
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_revparse_single(&branchA1, repo, "branchA-1"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_revparse_single(&branchA2, repo, "branchA-2"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_revparse_single(&branchB1, repo, "branchB-1"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_revparse_single(&branchB2, repo, "branchB-2"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_revparse_single(&branchC1, repo, "branchC-1"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_revparse_single(&branchC2, repo, "branchC-2"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_revparse_single(&branchH1, repo, "branchH-1"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_revparse_single(&branchH2, repo, "branchH-2"));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_i(
+			git_graph_reachable_from_any(
+					repo, git_object_id(branchH1), git_object_id(branchA1), 1),
+			0);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(
+			git_graph_reachable_from_any(
+					repo, git_object_id(branchH1), git_object_id(branchA2), 1),
+			0);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_cpy(&descendants[0], git_object_id(branchA1)));
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_cpy(&descendants[1], git_object_id(branchA2)));
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_cpy(&descendants[2], git_object_id(branchB1)));
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_cpy(&descendants[3], git_object_id(branchB2)));
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_cpy(&descendants[4], git_object_id(branchC1)));
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_cpy(&descendants[5], git_object_id(branchC2)));
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_cpy(&descendants[6], git_object_id(branchH2)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(
+			git_graph_reachable_from_any(repo, git_object_id(branchH2), descendants, 6),
+			0);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(
+			git_graph_reachable_from_any(repo, git_object_id(branchH2), descendants, 7),
+			1);
+
+	git_object_free(branchA1);
+	git_object_free(branchA2);
+	git_object_free(branchB1);
+	git_object_free(branchB2);
+	git_object_free(branchC1);
+	git_object_free(branchC2);
+	git_object_free(branchH1);
+	git_object_free(branchH2);
+}
+
+struct exhaustive_state {
+	git_odb *db;
+	git_vector commits;
+};
+
+/** Get all commits from the repository. */
+static int exhaustive_commits(const git_oid *id, void *payload)
+{
+	struct exhaustive_state *mc = (struct exhaustive_state *)payload;
+	size_t header_len;
+	git_object_t header_type;
+	int error = 0;
+
+	error = git_odb_read_header(&header_len, &header_type, mc->db, id);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	if (header_type == GIT_OBJECT_COMMIT) {
+		git_commit *commit = NULL;
+
+		cl_git_pass(git_commit_lookup(&commit, repo, id));
+		cl_git_pass(git_vector_insert(&mc->commits, commit));
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/** Compare the `git_oid`s of two `git_commit` objects. */
+static int commit_id_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return git_oid_cmp(
+			git_commit_id((const git_commit *)a), git_commit_id((const git_commit *)b));
+}
+
+/** Find a `git_commit` whose ID matches the provided `git_oid` key. */
+static int id_commit_id_cmp(const void *key, const void *commit)
+{
+	return git_oid_cmp((const git_oid *)key, git_commit_id((const git_commit *)commit));
+}
+
+void test_graph_reachable_from_any__exhaustive(void)
+{
+	struct exhaustive_state mc = {
+			.db = NULL,
+			.commits = GIT_VECTOR_INIT,
+	};
+	size_t child_idx, commit_count;
+	size_t n_descendants;
+	git_commit *child_commit;
+	git_bitvec reachable;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_odb(&mc.db, repo));
+	cl_git_pass(git_odb_foreach(mc.db, &exhaustive_commits, &mc));
+	git_vector_set_cmp(&mc.commits, commit_id_cmp);
+	git_vector_sort(&mc.commits);
+	cl_git_pass(git_bitvec_init(
+			&reachable,
+			git_vector_length(&mc.commits) * git_vector_length(&mc.commits)));
+
+	commit_count = git_vector_length(&mc.commits);
+	git_vector_foreach (&mc.commits, child_idx, child_commit) {
+		unsigned int parent_i;
+
+		/* We treat each commit as being able to reach itself. */
+		git_bitvec_set(&reachable, child_idx * commit_count + child_idx, true);
+
+		for (parent_i = 0; parent_i < git_commit_parentcount(child_commit); ++parent_i) {
+			size_t parent_idx = -1;
+			cl_git_pass(git_vector_bsearch2(
+					&parent_idx,
+					&mc.commits,
+					id_commit_id_cmp,
+					git_commit_parent_id(child_commit, parent_i)));
+
+			/* We have established that parent_idx is reachable from child_idx */
+			git_bitvec_set(&reachable, parent_idx * commit_count + child_idx, true);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Floyd-Warshall */
+	{
+		size_t i, j, k;
+		for (k = 0; k < commit_count; ++k) {
+			for (i = 0; i < commit_count; ++i) {
+				if (!git_bitvec_get(&reachable, i * commit_count + k))
+					continue;
+				for (j = 0; j < commit_count; ++j) {
+					if (!git_bitvec_get(&reachable, k * commit_count + j))
+						continue;
+					git_bitvec_set(&reachable, i * commit_count + j, true);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Try 1000 subsets of 1 through 10 entries each. */
+	srand(0x223ddc4b);
+	for (n_descendants = 1; n_descendants < 10; ++n_descendants) {
+		size_t test_iteration;
+		git_oid descendants[10];
+
+		for (test_iteration = 0; test_iteration < 1000; ++test_iteration) {
+			size_t descendant_i;
+			size_t child_idx, parent_idx;
+			int expected_reachable = false, actual_reachable;
+			git_commit *child_commit, *parent_commit;
+
+			parent_idx = rand() % commit_count;
+			parent_commit = (git_commit *)git_vector_get(&mc.commits, parent_idx);
+			for (descendant_i = 0; descendant_i < n_descendants; ++descendant_i) {
+				child_idx = rand() % commit_count;
+				child_commit = (git_commit *)git_vector_get(&mc.commits, child_idx);
+				expected_reachable |= git_bitvec_get(
+						&reachable, parent_idx * commit_count + child_idx);
+				git_oid_cpy(&descendants[descendant_i],
+					    git_commit_id(child_commit));
+			}
+
+			actual_reachable = git_graph_reachable_from_any(
+					repo,
+					git_commit_id(parent_commit),
+					descendants,
+					n_descendants);
+			if (actual_reachable != expected_reachable) {
+				git_buf error_message_buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+				char parent_oidbuf[9] = {0}, child_oidbuf[9] = {0};
+
+				cl_git_pass(git_oid_nfmt(
+						parent_oidbuf, 8, git_commit_id(parent_commit)));
+				git_buf_printf(&error_message_buf,
+					       "git_graph_reachable_from_any(\"%s\", %zu, "
+					       "{",
+					       parent_oidbuf,
+					       n_descendants);
+				for (descendant_i = 0; descendant_i < n_descendants;
+				     ++descendant_i) {
+					cl_git_pass(
+							git_oid_nfmt(child_oidbuf,
+								     8,
+								     &descendants[descendant_i]));
+					git_buf_printf(&error_message_buf, " \"%s\"", child_oidbuf);
+				}
+				git_buf_printf(&error_message_buf,
+					       " }) = %d, expected = %d",
+					       actual_reachable,
+					       expected_reachable);
+				cl_check_(actual_reachable == expected_reachable,
+					  git_buf_cstr(&error_message_buf));
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	git_vector_foreach (&mc.commits, child_idx, child_commit)
+		git_commit_free(child_commit);
+	git_bitvec_free(&reachable);
+	git_vector_free(&mc.commits);
+	git_odb_free(mc.db);
+}
diff --git a/tests/ignore/path.c b/tests/ignore/path.c
index 864fba4..d55bdc5 100644
--- a/tests/ignore/path.c
+++ b/tests/ignore/path.c
@@ -17,19 +17,20 @@ void test_ignore_path__cleanup(void)
 }
 
 static void assert_is_ignored_(
-	bool expected, const char *filepath, const char *file, int line)
+	bool expected, const char *filepath,
+	const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	int is_ignored = 0;
 
 	cl_git_expect(
-		git_ignore_path_is_ignored(&is_ignored, g_repo, filepath), 0, file, line);
+		git_ignore_path_is_ignored(&is_ignored, g_repo, filepath), 0, file, func, line);
 
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		file, line, "expected != is_ignored", 1, "%d",
+		file, func, line, "expected != is_ignored", 1, "%d",
 		(int)(expected != 0), (int)(is_ignored != 0));
 }
 #define assert_is_ignored(expected, filepath) \
-	assert_is_ignored_(expected, filepath, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+	assert_is_ignored_(expected, filepath, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 
 void test_ignore_path__honor_temporary_rules(void)
 {
@@ -255,7 +256,7 @@ void test_ignore_path__globs_without_star(void)
 void test_ignore_path__skip_gitignore_directory(void)
 {
 	cl_git_rewritefile("attr/.git/info/exclude", "/NewFolder\n/NewFolder/NewFolder");
-	p_unlink("attr/.gitignore");
+	cl_must_pass(p_unlink("attr/.gitignore"));
 	cl_assert(!git_path_exists("attr/.gitignore"));
 	p_mkdir("attr/.gitignore", 0777);
 	cl_git_mkfile("attr/.gitignore/garbage.txt", "new_file\n");
@@ -268,12 +269,11 @@ void test_ignore_path__skip_gitignore_directory(void)
 
 void test_ignore_path__subdirectory_gitignore(void)
 {
-	p_unlink("attr/.gitignore");
+	cl_must_pass(p_unlink("attr/.gitignore"));
 	cl_assert(!git_path_exists("attr/.gitignore"));
 	cl_git_mkfile(
 		"attr/.gitignore",
 		"file1\n");
-	p_mkdir("attr/dir", 0777);
 	cl_git_mkfile(
 		"attr/dir/.gitignore",
 		"file2/\n");
@@ -575,3 +575,11 @@ void test_ignore_path__negative_prefix_rule(void)
 	assert_is_ignored(true, "ff");
 	assert_is_ignored(false, "f");
 }
+
+void test_ignore_path__negative_more_specific(void)
+{
+	cl_git_rewritefile("attr/.gitignore", "*.txt\n!/dir/test.txt\n");
+	assert_is_ignored(true, "test.txt");
+	assert_is_ignored(false, "dir/test.txt");
+	assert_is_ignored(true, "outer/dir/test.txt");
+}
diff --git a/tests/ignore/status.c b/tests/ignore/status.c
index 5e67c12..83e821b 100644
--- a/tests/ignore/status.c
+++ b/tests/ignore/status.c
@@ -17,21 +17,22 @@ void test_ignore_status__cleanup(void)
 }
 
 static void assert_ignored_(
-	bool expected, const char *filepath, const char *file, int line)
+	bool expected, const char *filepath,
+	const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	int is_ignored = 0;
 	cl_git_expect(
-		git_status_should_ignore(&is_ignored, g_repo, filepath), 0, file, line);
+		git_status_should_ignore(&is_ignored, g_repo, filepath), 0, file, func, line);
 	clar__assert(
 		(expected != 0) == (is_ignored != 0),
-		file, line, "expected != is_ignored", filepath, 1);
+		file, func, line, "expected != is_ignored", filepath, 1);
 }
 #define assert_ignored(expected, filepath) \
-	assert_ignored_(expected, filepath, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+	assert_ignored_(expected, filepath, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 #define assert_is_ignored(filepath) \
-	assert_ignored_(true, filepath, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+	assert_ignored_(true, filepath, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 #define refute_is_ignored(filepath) \
-	assert_ignored_(false, filepath, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+	assert_ignored_(false, filepath, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 
 void test_ignore_status__0(void)
 {
@@ -69,9 +70,9 @@ void test_ignore_status__0(void)
 
 	/* confirm that ignore files were cached */
 	cl_assert(git_attr_cache__is_cached(
-		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE, ".git/info/exclude"));
+		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE, ".git/info/exclude"));
 	cl_assert(git_attr_cache__is_cached(
-		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE__FROM_FILE, ".gitignore"));
+		g_repo, GIT_ATTR_FILE_SOURCE_FILE, ".gitignore"));
 }
 
 
diff --git a/tests/index/addall.c b/tests/index/addall.c
index c62c3cf..6f95f63 100644
--- a/tests/index/addall.c
+++ b/tests/index/addall.c
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ static void check_status_at_line(
 	git_repository *repo,
 	size_t index_adds, size_t index_dels, size_t index_mods,
 	size_t wt_adds, size_t wt_dels, size_t wt_mods, size_t ignores,
-	size_t conflicts, const char *file, int line)
+	size_t conflicts, const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	index_status_counts vals;
 
@@ -84,25 +84,25 @@ static void check_status_at_line(
 	cl_git_pass(git_status_foreach(repo, index_status_cb, &vals));
 
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		file,line,"wrong index adds", 1, "%"PRIuZ, index_adds, vals.index_adds);
+		file,func,line,"wrong index adds", 1, "%"PRIuZ, index_adds, vals.index_adds);
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		file,line,"wrong index dels", 1, "%"PRIuZ, index_dels, vals.index_dels);
+		file,func,line,"wrong index dels", 1, "%"PRIuZ, index_dels, vals.index_dels);
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		file,line,"wrong index mods", 1, "%"PRIuZ, index_mods, vals.index_mods);
+		file,func,line,"wrong index mods", 1, "%"PRIuZ, index_mods, vals.index_mods);
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		file,line,"wrong workdir adds", 1, "%"PRIuZ, wt_adds, vals.wt_adds);
+		file,func,line,"wrong workdir adds", 1, "%"PRIuZ, wt_adds, vals.wt_adds);
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		file,line,"wrong workdir dels", 1, "%"PRIuZ, wt_dels, vals.wt_dels);
+		file,func,line,"wrong workdir dels", 1, "%"PRIuZ, wt_dels, vals.wt_dels);
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		file,line,"wrong workdir mods", 1, "%"PRIuZ, wt_mods, vals.wt_mods);
+		file,func,line,"wrong workdir mods", 1, "%"PRIuZ, wt_mods, vals.wt_mods);
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		file,line,"wrong ignores", 1, "%"PRIuZ, ignores, vals.ignores);
+		file,func,line,"wrong ignores", 1, "%"PRIuZ, ignores, vals.ignores);
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		file,line,"wrong conflicts", 1, "%"PRIuZ, conflicts, vals.conflicts);
+		file,func,line,"wrong conflicts", 1, "%"PRIuZ, conflicts, vals.conflicts);
 }
 
 #define check_status(R,IA,ID,IM,WA,WD,WM,IG,C) \
-	check_status_at_line(R,IA,ID,IM,WA,WD,WM,IG,C,__FILE__,__LINE__)
+	check_status_at_line(R,IA,ID,IM,WA,WD,WM,IG,C,__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__)
 
 static void check_stat_data(git_index *index, const char *path, bool match)
 {
@@ -318,11 +318,9 @@ void test_index_addall__files_in_folders(void)
 
 void test_index_addall__hidden_files(void)
 {
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
 	git_index *index;
 
-	GIT_UNUSED(index);
-
-#ifdef GIT_WIN32
 	addall_create_test_repo(true);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_repository_index(&index, g_repo));
diff --git a/tests/index/bypath.c b/tests/index/bypath.c
index 21d3d3e..b32a0a7 100644
--- a/tests/index/bypath.c
+++ b/tests/index/bypath.c
@@ -49,13 +49,10 @@ void test_index_bypath__add_submodule_unregistered(void)
 
 void test_index_bypath__add_hidden(void)
 {
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
 	const git_index_entry *entry;
 	bool hidden;
 
-	GIT_UNUSED(entry);
-	GIT_UNUSED(hidden);
-
-#ifdef GIT_WIN32
 	cl_git_mkfile("submod2/hidden_file", "you can't see me");
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_win32__hidden(&hidden, "submod2/hidden_file"));
diff --git a/tests/index/crlf.c b/tests/index/crlf.c
index 7aa6be4..26c19d7 100644
--- a/tests/index/crlf.c
+++ b/tests/index/crlf.c
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ done:
 		git_buf details = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 		git_buf_printf(&details, "filename=%s, system=%s, autocrlf=%s, safecrlf=%s, attrs={%s}",
 			basename, cd->systype, cd->autocrlf, cd->safecrlf, cd->attrs);
-		clar__fail(__FILE__, __LINE__,
+		clar__fail(__FILE__, __func__, __LINE__,
 			"index contents did not match expected", details.ptr, 0);
 		git_buf_dispose(&details);
 	}
diff --git a/tests/index/filemodes.c b/tests/index/filemodes.c
index af1f803..3d2bb4a 100644
--- a/tests/index/filemodes.c
+++ b/tests/index/filemodes.c
@@ -51,11 +51,11 @@ static void replace_file_with_mode(
 	git_buf_dispose(&content);
 }
 
-#define add_and_check_mode(I,F,X) add_and_check_mode_(I,F,X,__FILE__,__LINE__)
+#define add_and_check_mode(I,F,X) add_and_check_mode_(I,F,X,__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__)
 
 static void add_and_check_mode_(
 	git_index *index, const char *filename, unsigned int expect_mode,
-	const char *file, int line)
+	const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	size_t pos;
 	const git_index_entry *entry;
@@ -63,11 +63,11 @@ static void add_and_check_mode_(
 	cl_git_pass(git_index_add_bypath(index, filename));
 
 	clar__assert(!git_index_find(&pos, index, filename),
-		file, line, "Cannot find index entry", NULL, 1);
+		file, func, line, "Cannot find index entry", NULL, 1);
 
 	entry = git_index_get_byindex(index, pos);
 
-	clar__assert_equal(file, line, "Expected mode does not match index",
+	clar__assert_equal(file, func, line, "Expected mode does not match index",
 		1, "%07o", (unsigned int)entry->mode, (unsigned int)expect_mode);
 }
 
@@ -153,11 +153,11 @@ void test_index_filemodes__trusted(void)
 	git_index_free(index);
 }
 
-#define add_entry_and_check_mode(I,FF,X) add_entry_and_check_mode_(I,FF,X,__FILE__,__LINE__)
+#define add_entry_and_check_mode(I,FF,X) add_entry_and_check_mode_(I,FF,X,__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__)
 
 static void add_entry_and_check_mode_(
 	git_index *index, bool from_file, git_filemode_t mode,
-	const char *file, int line)
+	const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	size_t pos;
 	const git_index_entry* entry;
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ static void add_entry_and_check_mode_(
 	if (from_file)
 	{
 		clar__assert(!git_index_find(&pos, index, "exec_off"),
-			file, line, "Cannot find original index entry", NULL, 1);
+			file, func, line, "Cannot find original index entry", NULL, 1);
 
 		entry = git_index_get_byindex(index, pos);
 
@@ -184,21 +184,21 @@ static void add_entry_and_check_mode_(
 	if (from_file)
 	{
 		clar__assert(!git_index_add(index, &new_entry),
-			file, line, "Cannot add index entry", NULL, 1);
+			file, func, line, "Cannot add index entry", NULL, 1);
 	}
 	else
 	{
 		const char *content = "hey there\n";
 		clar__assert(!git_index_add_from_buffer(index, &new_entry, content, strlen(content)),
-			file, line, "Cannot add index entry from buffer", NULL, 1);
+			file, func, line, "Cannot add index entry from buffer", NULL, 1);
 	}
 
 	clar__assert(!git_index_find(&pos, index, "filemodes/explicit_test"),
-		file, line, "Cannot find new index entry", NULL, 1);
+		file, func, line, "Cannot find new index entry", NULL, 1);
 
 	entry = git_index_get_byindex(index, pos);
 
-	clar__assert_equal(file, line, "Expected mode does not match index",
+	clar__assert_equal(file, func, line, "Expected mode does not match index",
 		1, "%07o", (unsigned int)entry->mode, (unsigned int)mode);
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/index/nsec.c b/tests/index/nsec.c
index dee1509..6edcf03 100644
--- a/tests/index/nsec.c
+++ b/tests/index/nsec.c
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ static bool should_expect_nsecs(void)
 
 	expect = try_create_file_with_nsec_timestamp(nsec_path.ptr);
 
-	p_unlink(nsec_path.ptr);
+	cl_must_pass(p_unlink(nsec_path.ptr));
 
 	git_buf_dispose(&nsec_path);
 
diff --git a/tests/index/tests.c b/tests/index/tests.c
index 4c9deaa..d9d8371 100644
--- a/tests/index/tests.c
+++ b/tests/index/tests.c
@@ -566,8 +566,7 @@ void test_index_tests__cannot_add_invalid_filename(void)
 {
 	git_repository *repo;
 
-	p_mkdir("invalid", 0700);
-
+	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir("invalid", 0700));
 	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&repo, "./invalid", 0));
 	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir("./invalid/subdir", 0777));
 
diff --git a/tests/index/version.c b/tests/index/version.c
index 3827df8..b6c0b79 100644
--- a/tests/index/version.c
+++ b/tests/index/version.c
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ void test_index_version__can_write_v4(void)
 	    "xz",
 	    "xyzzyx"
 	};
+	git_repository *repo;
 	git_index_entry entry;
 	git_index *index;
 	size_t i;
@@ -63,7 +64,8 @@ void test_index_version__can_write_v4(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_index_write(index));
 	git_index_free(index);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_index(&index, g_repo));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&repo, git_repository_path(g_repo)));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_index(&index, repo));
 	cl_assert(git_index_version(index) == 4);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(paths); i++) {
@@ -74,6 +76,7 @@ void test_index_version__can_write_v4(void)
 	}
 
 	git_index_free(index);
+	git_repository_free(repo);
 }
 
 void test_index_version__v4_uses_path_compression(void)
diff --git a/tests/iterator/workdir.c b/tests/iterator/workdir.c
index 72f8bf4..82ee363 100644
--- a/tests/iterator/workdir.c
+++ b/tests/iterator/workdir.c
@@ -637,13 +637,14 @@ void test_iterator_workdir__filesystem2(void)
 	git_iterator_free(i);
 }
 
-/* Lots of empty dirs, or nearly empty ones, make the old workdir
- * iterator cry.  Also, segfault.
+/*
+ * Lots of empty dirs, or nearly empty ones, make the old workdir
+ * iterator cry. Also, segfault.
  */
 void test_iterator_workdir__filesystem_gunk(void)
 {
-	git_iterator *i;
 	git_buf parent = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_iterator *i;
 	int n;
 
 	if (!cl_is_env_set("GITTEST_INVASIVE_SPEED"))
@@ -653,19 +654,18 @@ void test_iterator_workdir__filesystem_gunk(void)
 
 	for (n = 0; n < 100000; n++) {
 		git_buf_clear(&parent);
-		git_buf_printf(&parent, "%s/refs/heads/foo/%d/subdir",
-			git_repository_path(g_repo), n);
-		cl_assert(!git_buf_oom(&parent));
-
+		cl_git_pass(git_buf_printf(&parent, "%s/refs/heads/foo/%d/subdir", git_repository_path(g_repo), n));
 		cl_git_pass(git_futils_mkdir(parent.ptr, 0775, GIT_MKDIR_PATH));
 	}
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_iterator_for_filesystem(&i, "testrepo/.git/refs", NULL));
 
-	/* should only have 16 items, since we're not asking for trees to be
+	/*
+	 * Should only have 17 items, since we're not asking for trees to be
 	 * returned.  the goal of this test is simply to not crash.
 	 */
-	expect_iterator_items(i, 16, NULL, 15, NULL);
+	expect_iterator_items(i, 17, NULL, 16, NULL);
+
 	git_iterator_free(i);
 	git_buf_dispose(&parent);
 }
@@ -1024,7 +1024,7 @@ static void create_paths(const char *root, int depth)
 	int i;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_buf_puts(&fullpath, root));
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_putc(&fullpath, '/'));
+	cl_git_pass(git_path_to_dir(&fullpath));
 
 	root_len = fullpath.size;
 
diff --git a/tests/mailmap/parsing.c b/tests/mailmap/parsing.c
index e2ab05c..ba3b3a2 100644
--- a/tests/mailmap/parsing.c
+++ b/tests/mailmap/parsing.c
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 #include "repository.h"
 #include "git2/sys/repository.h"
 #include "mailmap_testdata.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 
 static git_repository *g_repo;
 static git_mailmap *g_mailmap;
@@ -109,7 +108,7 @@ void test_mailmap_parsing__windows_string(void)
 
 	/* Parse with windows-style line endings */
 	git_buf_attach_notowned(&unixbuf, string_mailmap, strlen(string_mailmap));
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_text_lf_to_crlf(&winbuf, &unixbuf));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_lf_to_crlf(&winbuf, &unixbuf));
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_mailmap_from_buffer(&g_mailmap, winbuf.ptr, winbuf.size));
 	git_buf_dispose(&winbuf);
diff --git a/tests/main.c b/tests/main.c
index 00b2bae..56751c2 100644
--- a/tests/main.c
+++ b/tests/main.c
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 #include "clar_libgit2.h"
 #include "clar_libgit2_trace.h"
 
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK
+# include "win32/w32_leakcheck.h"
+#endif
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
 int __cdecl main(int argc, char *argv[])
 #else
@@ -14,7 +18,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
 	res = git_libgit2_init();
 	if (res < 0) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "failed to init libgit2");
+		const git_error *err = git_error_last();
+		const char *msg = err ? err->message : "unknown failure";
+		fprintf(stderr, "failed to init libgit2: %s\n", msg);
 		return res;
 	}
 
@@ -29,6 +35,11 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	cl_global_trace_disable();
 	git_libgit2_shutdown();
 
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK
+	if (git_win32_leakcheck_has_leaks())
+		res = res || 1;
+#endif
+
 	at_exit_cmd = getenv("CLAR_AT_EXIT");
 	if (at_exit_cmd != NULL) {
 		int at_exit = system(at_exit_cmd);
diff --git a/tests/merge/trees/renames.c b/tests/merge/trees/renames.c
index e0b12af..eef7bc9 100644
--- a/tests/merge/trees/renames.c
+++ b/tests/merge/trees/renames.c
@@ -274,3 +274,80 @@ void test_merge_trees_renames__submodules(void)
 	cl_assert(merge_test_index(index, merge_index_entries, 7));
 	git_index_free(index);
 }
+
+void test_merge_trees_renames__cache_recomputation(void)
+{
+	git_oid blob, binary, ancestor_oid, theirs_oid, ours_oid;
+	git_merge_options opts = GIT_MERGE_OPTIONS_INIT;
+	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_treebuilder *builder;
+	git_tree *ancestor_tree, *their_tree, *our_tree;
+	git_index *index;
+	size_t blob_size;
+	void *data;
+	size_t i;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&blob, "a2d8d1824c68541cca94ffb90f79291eba495921"));
+
+	/*
+	 * Create a 50MB blob that consists of NUL bytes only. It is important
+	 * that this blob is of a special format, most importantly it cannot
+	 * contain more than four non-consecutive newlines or NUL bytes. This
+	 * is because of git_hashsig's inner workings where all files with less
+	 * than four "lines" are deemed to small.
+	 */
+	blob_size = 50 * 1024 * 1024;
+	cl_assert(data = git__calloc(blob_size, 1));
+	cl_git_pass(git_blob_create_from_buffer(&binary, repo, data, blob_size));
+
+	/*
+	 * Create the common ancestor, which has 1000 dummy blobs and the binary
+	 * blob. The dummy blobs serve as potential rename targets for the
+	 * dummy blob.
+	 */
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_new(&builder, repo, NULL));
+	for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+		cl_git_pass(git_buf_printf(&path, "%"PRIuZ".txt", i));
+		cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_insert(NULL, builder, path.ptr, &blob, GIT_FILEMODE_BLOB));
+		git_buf_clear(&path);
+	}
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_insert(NULL, builder, "original.bin", &binary, GIT_FILEMODE_BLOB));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_write(&ancestor_oid, builder));
+
+	/* We now the binary blob in our tree. */
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_remove(builder, "original.bin"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_insert(NULL, builder, "renamed.bin", &binary, GIT_FILEMODE_BLOB));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_write(&ours_oid, builder));
+
+	git_treebuilder_free(builder);
+
+	/* And move everything into a subdirectory in their tree. */
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_new(&builder, repo, NULL));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_insert(NULL, builder, "subdir", &ancestor_oid, GIT_FILEMODE_TREE));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_write(&theirs_oid, builder));
+
+	/*
+	 * Now merge ancestor, ours and theirs. As `git_hashsig` refuses to
+	 * create a hash signature for the 50MB binary file, we historically
+	 * didn't cache the hashsig computation for it. As a result, we now
+	 * started looking up the 50MB blob and scanning it at least 1000
+	 * times, which takes a long time.
+	 *
+	 * The number of 1000 blobs is chosen in such a way that it's
+	 * noticeable when the bug creeps in again, as it takes around 12
+	 * minutes on my machine to compute the following merge.
+	 */
+	opts.target_limit = 5000;
+	cl_git_pass(git_tree_lookup(&ancestor_tree, repo, &ancestor_oid));
+	cl_git_pass(git_tree_lookup(&their_tree, repo, &theirs_oid));
+	cl_git_pass(git_tree_lookup(&our_tree, repo, &ours_oid));
+	cl_git_pass(git_merge_trees(&index, repo, ancestor_tree, our_tree, their_tree, &opts));
+
+	git_treebuilder_free(builder);
+	git_buf_dispose(&path);
+	git_index_free(index);
+	git_tree_free(ancestor_tree);
+	git_tree_free(their_tree);
+	git_tree_free(our_tree);
+	git__free(data);
+}
diff --git a/tests/merge/workdir/setup.c b/tests/merge/workdir/setup.c
index ad29fcd..0b85f27 100644
--- a/tests/merge/workdir/setup.c
+++ b/tests/merge/workdir/setup.c
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ static bool test_file_contents(const char *filename, const char *expected)
 	git_buf file_path_buf = GIT_BUF_INIT, file_buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	bool equals;
 	
-	git_buf_printf(&file_path_buf, "%s/%s", git_repository_path(repo), filename);
+	git_buf_joinpath(&file_path_buf, git_repository_path(repo), filename);
 	
 	cl_git_pass(git_futils_readbuffer(&file_buf, file_path_buf.ptr));
 	equals = (strcmp(file_buf.ptr, expected) == 0);
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void write_file_contents(const char *filename, const char *output)
 {
 	git_buf file_path_buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	git_buf_printf(&file_path_buf, "%s/%s", git_repository_path(repo),
+	git_buf_joinpath(&file_path_buf, git_repository_path(repo),
 		filename);
 	cl_git_rewritefile(file_path_buf.ptr, output);
 
diff --git a/tests/network/fetchlocal.c b/tests/network/fetchlocal.c
index 8043080..13f0310 100644
--- a/tests/network/fetchlocal.c
+++ b/tests/network/fetchlocal.c
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ void test_network_fetchlocal__complete(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(19, (int)refnames.count);
 	cl_assert(callcount > 0);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&refnames);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refnames);
 	git_remote_free(origin);
 	git_repository_free(repo);
 }
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ void test_network_fetchlocal__prune(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_list(&refnames, repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(19, (int)refnames.count);
 	cl_assert(callcount > 0);
-	git_strarray_free(&refnames);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refnames);
 	git_remote_free(origin);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&ref, remote_repo, "refs/heads/br2"));
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ void test_network_fetchlocal__prune(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_list(&refnames, repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(18, (int)refnames.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&refnames);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refnames);
 	git_remote_free(origin);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&ref, remote_repo, "refs/heads/packed"));
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ void test_network_fetchlocal__prune(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_list(&refnames, repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(17, (int)refnames.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&refnames);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refnames);
 	git_remote_free(origin);
 
 	git_repository_free(repo);
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ void test_network_fetchlocal__prune_overlapping(void)
 	assert_ref_exists(repo, "refs/remotes/origin/pr/42");
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_list(&refnames, repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(20, (int)refnames.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&refnames);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refnames);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_config_delete_multivar(config, "remote.origin.fetch", "refs"));
 	cl_git_pass(git_config_set_multivar(config, "remote.origin.fetch", "^$", "refs/pull/*/head:refs/remotes/origin/pr/*"));
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ void test_network_fetchlocal__prune_overlapping(void)
 	assert_ref_exists(repo, "refs/remotes/origin/pr/42");
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_list(&refnames, repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(20, (int)refnames.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&refnames);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refnames);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_config_delete_multivar(config, "remote.origin.fetch", "refs"));
 	cl_git_pass(git_config_set_multivar(config, "remote.origin.fetch", "^$", "refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*"));
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ void test_network_fetchlocal__prune_overlapping(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_fetch(origin, NULL, &options, NULL));
 
 	git_config_free(config);
-	git_strarray_free(&refnames);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refnames);
 	git_remote_free(origin);
 	git_repository_free(repo);
 }
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ void test_network_fetchlocal__fetchprune(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_list(&refnames, repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(19, (int)refnames.count);
 	cl_assert(callcount > 0);
-	git_strarray_free(&refnames);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refnames);
 	git_remote_free(origin);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&ref, remote_repo, "refs/heads/br2"));
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ void test_network_fetchlocal__fetchprune(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_list(&refnames, repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(18, (int)refnames.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&refnames);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refnames);
 	git_remote_free(origin);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&ref, remote_repo, "refs/heads/packed"));
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ void test_network_fetchlocal__fetchprune(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_list(&refnames, repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(17, (int)refnames.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&refnames);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refnames);
 	git_remote_free(origin);
 
 	git_repository_free(repo);
@@ -333,13 +333,13 @@ void test_network_fetchlocal__partial(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_create(&origin, repo, GIT_REMOTE_ORIGIN, url));
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_fetch(origin, NULL, &options, NULL));
 
-	git_strarray_free(&refnames);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refnames);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_list(&refnames, repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(20, (int)refnames.count); /* 18 remote + 1 local */
 	cl_assert(callcount > 0);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&refnames);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refnames);
 	git_remote_free(origin);
 }
 
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ void test_network_fetchlocal__multi_remotes(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_list(&refnames, repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(33, (int)refnames.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&refnames);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refnames);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_set_url(repo, "test_with_pushurl", cl_git_fixture_url("testrepo.git")));
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_lookup(&test2, repo, "test_with_pushurl"));
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ void test_network_fetchlocal__multi_remotes(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_list(&refnames, repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(45, (int)refnames.count);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&refnames);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refnames);
 	git_remote_free(test);
 	git_remote_free(test2);
 }
diff --git a/tests/network/refspecs.c b/tests/network/refspecs.c
index 7347590..d9e0d9e 100644
--- a/tests/network/refspecs.c
+++ b/tests/network/refspecs.c
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ static void assert_refspec(unsigned int direction, const char *input, bool is_ex
 	if (is_expected_to_be_valid)
 		cl_assert_equal_i(0, error);
 	else
-		cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_ERROR, error);
+		cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, error);
 }
 
 void test_network_refspecs__parsing(void)
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ static void assert_invalid_rtransform(const char *refspec, const char *name)
 	git_refspec spec;
 	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	git_refspec__parse(&spec, refspec, true);
+	cl_git_pass(git_refspec__parse(&spec, refspec, true));
 	cl_git_fail(git_refspec_rtransform(&buf, &spec, name));
 
 	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
diff --git a/tests/network/remote/isvalidname.c b/tests/network/remote/isvalidname.c
index c26fbd0..a3080f6 100644
--- a/tests/network/remote/isvalidname.c
+++ b/tests/network/remote/isvalidname.c
@@ -1,17 +1,24 @@
 #include "clar_libgit2.h"
 
+static int is_valid_name(const char *name)
+{
+	int valid = 0;
+	cl_git_pass(git_remote_name_is_valid(&valid, name));
+	return valid;
+}
+
 void test_network_remote_isvalidname__can_detect_invalid_formats(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_remote_is_valid_name("/"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_remote_is_valid_name("//"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_remote_is_valid_name(".lock"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_remote_is_valid_name("a.lock"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_remote_is_valid_name("/no/leading/slash"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_remote_is_valid_name("no/trailing/slash/"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("/"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("//"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name(".lock"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("a.lock"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("/no/leading/slash"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("no/trailing/slash/"));
 }
 
 void test_network_remote_isvalidname__wont_hopefully_choke_on_valid_formats(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_i(true, git_remote_is_valid_name("webmatrix"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(true, git_remote_is_valid_name("yishaigalatzer/rules"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, is_valid_name("webmatrix"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, is_valid_name("yishaigalatzer/rules"));
 }
diff --git a/tests/network/remote/remotes.c b/tests/network/remote/remotes.c
index a29281d..0694a6f 100644
--- a/tests/network/remote/remotes.c
+++ b/tests/network/remote/remotes.c
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ static int urlresolve_callback(git_buf *url_resolved, const char *url, int direc
 	cl_assert(strcmp(url, "git://github.com/libgit2/libgit2") == 0);
 	cl_assert(strcmp(payload, "payload") == 0);
 	cl_assert(url_resolved->size == 0);
-	
+
 	if (direction == GIT_DIRECTION_PUSH)
 		git_buf_sets(url_resolved, "pushresolve");
 	if (direction == GIT_DIRECTION_FETCH)
@@ -215,11 +215,11 @@ void test_network_remote_remotes__dup(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_get_fetch_refspecs(&array, _remote));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(1, (int)array.count);
 	cl_assert_equal_s("+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/test/*", array.strings[0]);
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_get_push_refspecs(&array, _remote));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, (int)array.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 
 	git_remote_free(dup);
 }
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ void test_network_remote_remotes__list(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_list(&list, _repo));
 	cl_assert(list.count == 5);
-	git_strarray_free(&list);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&list);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_repository_config(&cfg, _repo));
 
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ void test_network_remote_remotes__list(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_list(&list, _repo));
 	cl_assert(list.count == 7);
-	git_strarray_free(&list);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&list);
 
 	git_config_free(cfg);
 }
@@ -466,13 +466,13 @@ void test_network_remote_remotes__query_refspecs(void)
 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
 		cl_assert_equal_s(fetch_refspecs[i], array.strings[i]);
 	}
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_get_push_refspecs(&array, remote));
 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
 		cl_assert_equal_s(push_refspecs[i], array.strings[i]);
 	}
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 
 	git_remote_free(remote);
 	git_remote_delete(_repo, "test");
diff --git a/tests/network/remote/rename.c b/tests/network/remote/rename.c
index 0449575..1fd2aff 100644
--- a/tests/network/remote/rename.c
+++ b/tests/network/remote/rename.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ void test_network_remote_rename__renaming_a_remote_moves_related_configuration_s
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_rename(&problems, _repo, _remote_name, "just/renamed"));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, problems.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&problems);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&problems);
 
 	assert_config_entry_existence(_repo, "remote.test.fetch", false);
 	assert_config_entry_existence(_repo, "remote.just/renamed.fetch", true);
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ void test_network_remote_rename__renaming_a_remote_updates_branch_related_config
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_rename(&problems, _repo, _remote_name, "just/renamed"));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, problems.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&problems);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&problems);
 
 	assert_config_entry_value(_repo, "branch.master.remote", "just/renamed");
 }
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ void test_network_remote_rename__renaming_a_remote_updates_default_fetchrefspec(
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_rename(&problems, _repo, _remote_name, "just/renamed"));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, problems.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&problems);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&problems);
 
 	assert_config_entry_value(_repo, "remote.just/renamed.fetch", "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/just/renamed/*");
 }
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ void test_network_remote_rename__renaming_a_remote_without_a_fetchrefspec_doesnt
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_rename(&problems, _repo, _remote_name, "just/renamed"));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, problems.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&problems);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&problems);
 
 	assert_config_entry_existence(_repo, "remote.just/renamed.fetch", false);
 }
@@ -90,11 +90,11 @@ void test_network_remote_rename__renaming_a_remote_notifies_of_non_default_fetch
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_rename(&problems, _repo, _remote_name, "just/renamed"));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(1, problems.count);
 	cl_assert_equal_s("+refs/*:refs/*", problems.strings[0]);
-	git_strarray_free(&problems);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&problems);
 
 	assert_config_entry_value(_repo, "remote.just/renamed.fetch", "+refs/*:refs/*");
 
-	git_strarray_free(&problems);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&problems);
 }
 
 void test_network_remote_rename__new_name_can_contain_dots(void)
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ void test_network_remote_rename__new_name_can_contain_dots(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_rename(&problems, _repo, _remote_name, "just.renamed"));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, problems.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&problems);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&problems);
 	assert_config_entry_existence(_repo, "remote.just.renamed.fetch", true);
 }
 
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ void test_network_remote_rename__renamed_name_is_persisted(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_rename(&problems, _repo, _remote_name, "just/renamed"));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, problems.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&problems);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&problems);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&another_repo, "testrepo.git"));
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_lookup(&renamed, _repo, "just/renamed"));
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ void test_network_remote_rename__renaming_a_remote_moves_the_underlying_referenc
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_rename(&problems, _repo, _remote_name, "just/renamed"));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, problems.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&problems);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&problems);
 
 	cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_ENOTFOUND, git_reference_lookup(&underlying, _repo, "refs/remotes/test/master"));
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&underlying, _repo, "refs/remotes/just/renamed/master"));
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ void test_network_remote_rename__overwrite_ref_in_target(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_rename(&problems, _repo, _remote_name, "renamed"));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, problems.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&problems);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&problems);
 
 	/* make sure there's only one remote-tracking branch */
 	cl_git_pass(git_branch_iterator_new(&iter, _repo, GIT_BRANCH_REMOTE));
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ void test_network_remote_rename__symref_head(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_rename(&problems, _repo, _remote_name, "renamed"));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, problems.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&problems);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&problems);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_vector_init(&refs, 2, (git_vector_cmp) git_reference_cmp));
 	cl_git_pass(git_branch_iterator_new(&iter, _repo, GIT_BRANCH_REMOTE));
diff --git a/tests/network/urlparse.c b/tests/network/urlparse.c
index 1570788..91c1a52 100644
--- a/tests/network/urlparse.c
+++ b/tests/network/urlparse.c
@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@ void test_network_urlparse__cleanup(void)
 	git_net_url_dispose(&conndata);
 }
 
-void test_network_urlparse__trivial(void)
+/* Hostname */
+
+void test_network_urlparse__hostname_trivial(void)
 {
 	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://example.com/resource"));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
@@ -25,7 +27,7 @@ void test_network_urlparse__trivial(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
 }
 
-void test_network_urlparse__root(void)
+void test_network_urlparse__hostname_root(void)
 {
 	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://example.com/"));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
@@ -37,7 +39,7 @@ void test_network_urlparse__root(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
 }
 
-void test_network_urlparse__implied_root(void)
+void test_network_urlparse__hostname_implied_root(void)
 {
 	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://example.com"));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
@@ -49,7 +51,7 @@ void test_network_urlparse__implied_root(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
 }
 
-void test_network_urlparse__implied_root_custom_port(void)
+void test_network_urlparse__hostname_implied_root_custom_port(void)
 {
 	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://example.com:42"));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
@@ -61,7 +63,7 @@ void test_network_urlparse__implied_root_custom_port(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
 }
 
-void test_network_urlparse__implied_root_empty_port(void)
+void test_network_urlparse__hostname_implied_root_empty_port(void)
 {
 	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://example.com:"));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ void test_network_urlparse__implied_root_empty_port(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
 }
 
-void test_network_urlparse__encoded_password(void)
+void test_network_urlparse__hostname_encoded_password(void)
 {
 	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
 				"https://user:pass%2fis%40bad@hostname.com:1234/"));
@@ -86,7 +88,7 @@ void test_network_urlparse__encoded_password(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
 }
 
-void test_network_urlparse__user(void)
+void test_network_urlparse__hostname_user(void)
 {
 	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
 				"https://user@example.com/resource"));
@@ -99,7 +101,7 @@ void test_network_urlparse__user(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
 }
 
-void test_network_urlparse__user_pass(void)
+void test_network_urlparse__hostname_user_pass(void)
 {
 	/* user:pass@hostname.tld/resource */
 	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
@@ -113,7 +115,7 @@ void test_network_urlparse__user_pass(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
 }
 
-void test_network_urlparse__port(void)
+void test_network_urlparse__hostname_port(void)
 {
 	/* hostname.tld:port/resource */
 	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
@@ -127,7 +129,7 @@ void test_network_urlparse__port(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
 }
 
-void test_network_urlparse__empty_port(void)
+void test_network_urlparse__hostname_empty_port(void)
 {
 	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://example.com:/resource"));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
@@ -139,7 +141,7 @@ void test_network_urlparse__empty_port(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
 }
 
-void test_network_urlparse__user_port(void)
+void test_network_urlparse__hostname_user_port(void)
 {
 	/* user@hostname.tld:port/resource */
 	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@ void test_network_urlparse__user_port(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
 }
 
-void test_network_urlparse__user_pass_port(void)
+void test_network_urlparse__hostname_user_pass_port(void)
 {
 	/* user:pass@hostname.tld:port/resource */
 	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
@@ -166,3 +168,390 @@ void test_network_urlparse__user_pass_port(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.password, "pass");
 	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
 }
+
+/* IPv4 addresses */
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv4_trivial(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://192.168.1.1/resource"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "192.168.1.1");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "80");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/resource");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.username, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv4_root(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://192.168.1.1/"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "192.168.1.1");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "80");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.username, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv4_implied_root(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://192.168.1.1"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "192.168.1.1");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "80");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.username, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv4_implied_root_custom_port(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://192.168.1.1:42"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "192.168.1.1");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "42");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.username, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv4_implied_root_empty_port(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://192.168.1.1:"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "192.168.1.1");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "80");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.username, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv4_encoded_password(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass%2fis%40bad@192.168.1.1:1234/"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "https");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "192.168.1.1");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "1234");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.username, "user");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.password, "pass/is@bad");
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv4_user(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user@192.168.1.1/resource"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "https");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "192.168.1.1");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "443");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/resource");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.username, "user");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv4_user_pass(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass@192.168.1.1/resource"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "https");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "192.168.1.1");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "443");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/resource");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.username, "user");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.password, "pass");
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv4_port(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://192.168.1.1:9191/resource"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "https");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "192.168.1.1");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "9191");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/resource");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.username, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv4_empty_port(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://192.168.1.1:/resource"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "192.168.1.1");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "80");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/resource");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.username, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv4_user_port(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user@192.168.1.1:9191/resource"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "https");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "192.168.1.1");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "9191");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/resource");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.username, "user");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv4_user_pass_port(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass@192.168.1.1:9191/resource"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "https");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "192.168.1.1");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "9191");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/resource");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.username, "user");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.password, "pass");
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
+}
+
+/* IPv6 addresses */
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv6_trivial(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]/resource"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "80");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/resource");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.username, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv6_root(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]/"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "80");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.username, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv6_implied_root(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "80");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.username, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv6_implied_root_custom_port(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]:42"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "42");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.username, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv6_implied_root_empty_port(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]:"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "80");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.username, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv6_encoded_password(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass%2fis%40bad@[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]:1234/"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "https");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "1234");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.username, "user");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.password, "pass/is@bad");
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv6_user(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user@[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]/resource"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "https");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "443");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/resource");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.username, "user");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv6_user_pass(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass@[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]/resource"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "https");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "443");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/resource");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.username, "user");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.password, "pass");
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv6_port(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]:9191/resource"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "https");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "9191");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/resource");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.username, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv6_empty_port(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]:/resource"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "http");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "80");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/resource");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.username, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 1);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv6_user_port(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user@[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]:9191/resource"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "https");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "9191");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/resource");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.username, "user");
+	cl_assert_equal_p(conndata.password, NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv6_user_pass_port(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass@[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]:9191/resource"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.scheme, "https");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.host, "fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.port, "9191");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.path, "/resource");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.username, "user");
+	cl_assert_equal_s(conndata.password, "pass");
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_net_url_is_default_port(&conndata), 0);
+}
+
+void test_network_urlparse__ipv6_invalid_addresses(void)
+{
+	/* Opening bracket missing */
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]/"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]:42"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]:"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass%2fis%40bad@fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]:1234/"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user@fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass@fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]:9191/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]:/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user@fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]:9191/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass@fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]:9191/resource"));
+
+	/* Closing bracket missing */
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001/"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001:42"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001:"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass%2fis%40bad@[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001:1234/"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user@[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass@[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001:9191/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001:/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user@[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001:9191/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass@[fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001:9191/resource"));
+	/* Both brackets missing */
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001/"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001:42"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001:"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass%2fis%40bad@fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001:1234/"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user@fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass@fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001:9191/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"http://fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001:/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user@fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001:9191/resource"));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata,
+		"https://user:pass@fe80::dcad:beff:fe00:0001:9191/resource"));
+
+	/* Invalid chracter inside address */
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EINVALIDSPEC, git_net_url_parse(&conndata, "http://[fe8o::dcad:beff:fe00:0001]/resource"));
+}
diff --git a/tests/notes/notes.c b/tests/notes/notes.c
index f245766..af96867 100644
--- a/tests/notes/notes.c
+++ b/tests/notes/notes.c
@@ -400,15 +400,11 @@ void test_notes_notes__can_read_a_note_from_a_commit(void)
 	git_note *note;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&oid, "4a202b346bb0fb0db7eff3cffeb3c70babbd2045"));
-
 	cl_git_pass(git_note_commit_create(&notes_commit_oid, NULL, _repo, NULL, _sig, _sig, &oid, "I decorate 4a20\n", 1));
-
-	git_commit_lookup(&notes_commit, _repo, &notes_commit_oid);
-
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_lookup(&notes_commit, _repo, &notes_commit_oid));
 	cl_assert(notes_commit);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_note_commit_read(&note, _repo, notes_commit, &oid));
-
 	cl_assert_equal_s(git_note_message(note), "I decorate 4a20\n");
 
 	git_commit_free(notes_commit);
@@ -457,7 +453,7 @@ void test_notes_notes__can_insert_a_note_in_an_existing_fanout(void)
 	git_note *_note;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&target_oid, "08b041783f40edfe12bb406c9c9a8a040177c125"));
-	
+
 	for (i = 0; i <  MESSAGES_COUNT; i++) {
 		cl_git_pass(git_note_create(&note_oid, _repo, "refs/notes/fanout", _sig, _sig, &target_oid, messages[i], 0));
 		cl_git_pass(git_note_read(&_note, _repo, "refs/notes/fanout", &target_oid));
@@ -511,7 +507,7 @@ void test_notes_notes__can_remove_a_note_from_commit(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_note_commit_create(&notes_commit_oid, NULL, _repo, NULL, _sig, _sig, &oid, "I decorate 4a20\n", 0));
 
-	git_commit_lookup(&existing_notes_commit, _repo, &notes_commit_oid);
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_lookup(&existing_notes_commit, _repo, &notes_commit_oid));
 
 	cl_assert(existing_notes_commit);
 
@@ -547,7 +543,7 @@ void test_notes_notes__removing_a_note_which_doesnt_exists_returns_ENOTFOUND(voi
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&target_oid, "8496071c1b46c854b31185ea97743be6a8774479"));
 	cl_git_pass(git_note_remove(_repo, "refs/notes/fanout", _sig, _sig, &target_oid));
-	
+
 	error = git_note_remove(_repo, "refs/notes/fanout", _sig, _sig, &target_oid);
 	cl_git_fail(error);
 	cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_ENOTFOUND, error);
diff --git a/tests/object/blob/filter.c b/tests/object/blob/filter.c
index 0f0f484..a8e3d30 100644
--- a/tests/object/blob/filter.c
+++ b/tests/object/blob/filter.c
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include "clar_libgit2.h"
 #include "posix.h"
 #include "blob.h"
-#include "buf_text.h"
 
 static git_repository *g_repo = NULL;
 
@@ -44,9 +43,9 @@ static git_buf_text_stats g_crlf_filtered_stats[CRLF_NUM_TEST_OBJECTS] = {
 	{ 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 6, 0 },
 	{ 0, 0, 4, 4, 1, 31, 0 },
 	{ 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 9, 5 },
-	{ GIT_BOM_UTF8, 0, 0, 1, 0, 16, 0 },
-	{ GIT_BOM_UTF8, 0, 2, 2, 2, 27, 0 },
-	{ GIT_BOM_UTF16_BE, 5, 0, 0, 0, 7, 5 },
+	{ GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF8, 0, 0, 1, 0, 16, 0 },
+	{ GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF8, 0, 2, 2, 2, 27, 0 },
+	{ GIT_BUF_BOM_UTF16_BE, 5, 0, 0, 0, 7, 5 },
 };
 
 void test_object_blob_filter__initialize(void)
@@ -97,7 +96,7 @@ void test_object_blob_filter__stats(void)
 	for (i = 0; i < CRLF_NUM_TEST_OBJECTS; i++) {
 		cl_git_pass(git_blob_lookup(&blob, g_repo, &g_crlf_oids[i]));
 		cl_git_pass(git_blob__getbuf(&buf, blob));
-		git_buf_text_gather_stats(&stats, &buf, false);
+		git_buf_gather_text_stats(&stats, &buf, false);
 		cl_assert_equal_i(
 			0, memcmp(&g_crlf_filtered_stats[i], &stats, sizeof(stats)));
 		git_blob_free(blob);
diff --git a/tests/object/cache.c b/tests/object/cache.c
index 3ccc325..08bf036 100644
--- a/tests/object/cache.c
+++ b/tests/object/cache.c
@@ -244,15 +244,15 @@ static void *cache_quick(void *arg)
 
 void test_object_cache__fast_thread_rush(void)
 {
-	int try, th, data[THREADCOUNT*2];
+	int try, th, data[THREADCOUNT];
 #ifdef GIT_THREADS
-	git_thread t[THREADCOUNT*2];
+	git_thread t[THREADCOUNT];
 #endif
 
 	for (try = 0; try < REPEAT; ++try) {
 		cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&g_repo, cl_fixture("testrepo.git")));
 
-		for (th = 0; th < THREADCOUNT*2; ++th) {
+		for (th = 0; th < THREADCOUNT; ++th) {
 			data[th] = th;
 #ifdef GIT_THREADS
 			cl_git_pass(
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ void test_object_cache__fast_thread_rush(void)
 		}
 
 #ifdef GIT_THREADS
-		for (th = 0; th < THREADCOUNT*2; ++th) {
+		for (th = 0; th < THREADCOUNT; ++th) {
 			void *rval;
 			cl_git_pass(git_thread_join(&t[th], &rval));
 			cl_assert_equal_i(th, *((int *)rval));
diff --git a/tests/object/commit/commitstagedfile.c b/tests/object/commit/commitstagedfile.c
index 63ecfee..f7ff05c 100644
--- a/tests/object/commit/commitstagedfile.c
+++ b/tests/object/commit/commitstagedfile.c
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ void test_object_commit_commitstagedfile__generate_predictable_object_ids(void)
 	 * tree 2b297e643c551e76cfa1f93810c50811382f9117
 	 * author nulltoken <emeric.fermas@gmail.com> 1323847743 +0100
 	 * committer nulltoken <emeric.fermas@gmail.com> 1323847743 +0100
-	 * 
+	 *
 	 *     Initial commit
-	 * 
+	 *
 	 * diff --git a/test.txt b/test.txt
 	 * new file mode 100644
 	 * index 0000000..9daeafb
@@ -141,14 +141,14 @@ static void assert_commit_tree_has_n_entries(git_commit *c, int count)
 	git_tree_free(tree);
 }
 
-static void assert_commit_is_head_(git_commit *c, const char *file, int line)
+static void assert_commit_is_head_(git_commit *c, const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	git_commit *head;
 	cl_git_pass(git_revparse_single((git_object **)&head, repo, "HEAD"));
-	clar__assert(git_oid_equal(git_commit_id(c), git_commit_id(head)), file, line, "Commit is not the HEAD", NULL, 1);
+	clar__assert(git_oid_equal(git_commit_id(c), git_commit_id(head)), file, func, line, "Commit is not the HEAD", NULL, 1);
 	git_commit_free(head);
 }
-#define assert_commit_is_head(C) assert_commit_is_head_((C),__FILE__,__LINE__)
+#define assert_commit_is_head(C) assert_commit_is_head_((C),__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__)
 
 void test_object_commit_commitstagedfile__amend_commit(void)
 {
diff --git a/tests/object/tag/list.c b/tests/object/tag/list.c
index b8d507f..d15f092 100644
--- a/tests/object/tag/list.c
+++ b/tests/object/tag/list.c
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ static void ensure_tag_pattern_match(git_repository *repo,
 	int already_found[MAX_USED_TAGS] = { 0 };
 	git_strarray tag_list;
 	int error = 0;
-	size_t sucessfully_found = 0;
+	size_t successfully_found = 0;
 	size_t i, j;
 
 	cl_assert(data->expected_matches <= MAX_USED_TAGS);
@@ -42,15 +42,15 @@ static void ensure_tag_pattern_match(git_repository *repo,
 			if (!already_found[j] && !strcmp(data->expected_results[j], tag_list.strings[i]))
 			{
 				already_found[j] = 1;
-				sucessfully_found++;
+				successfully_found++;
 				break;
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	cl_assert_equal_i((int)sucessfully_found, (int)data->expected_matches);
+	cl_assert_equal_i((int)successfully_found, (int)data->expected_matches);
 
 exit:
-	git_strarray_free(&tag_list);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&tag_list);
 	cl_git_pass(error);
 }
 
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ void test_object_tag_list__list_all(void)
 
 	cl_assert_equal_i((int)tag_list.count, 6);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&tag_list);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&tag_list);
 }
 
 static const struct pattern_match_t matches[] = {
diff --git a/tests/object/tree/write.c b/tests/object/tree/write.c
index 7b0b8ca..1bc5a50 100644
--- a/tests/object/tree/write.c
+++ b/tests/object/tree/write.c
@@ -453,7 +453,8 @@ static void test_invalid_objects(bool should_allow_invalid)
 	git_oid valid_blob_id, invalid_blob_id, valid_tree_id, invalid_tree_id;
 
 #define assert_allowed(expr) \
-	clar__assert(!(expr) == should_allow_invalid, __FILE__, __LINE__, \
+	clar__assert(!(expr) == should_allow_invalid, \
+		__FILE__, __func__, __LINE__, \
 		(should_allow_invalid ? \
 		 "Expected function call to succeed: " #expr : \
 		 "Expected function call to fail: " #expr), \
diff --git a/tests/odb/foreach.c b/tests/odb/foreach.c
index 7a45a57..0211238 100644
--- a/tests/odb/foreach.c
+++ b/tests/odb/foreach.c
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ void test_odb_foreach__files_in_objects_dir(void)
 	cl_fixture_sandbox("testrepo.git");
 	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&repo, "testrepo.git"));
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_printf(&buf, "%s/objects/somefile", git_repository_path(repo)));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_joinpath(&buf, git_repository_path(repo), "objects/somefile"));
 	cl_git_mkfile(buf.ptr, "");
 	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
 
diff --git a/tests/odb/sorting.c b/tests/odb/sorting.c
index 6af8b0d..e027230 100644
--- a/tests/odb/sorting.c
+++ b/tests/odb/sorting.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "clar_libgit2.h"
 #include "git2/sys/odb_backend.h"
+#include "odb.h"
 
 typedef struct {
 	git_odb_backend base;
@@ -43,6 +44,11 @@ void test_odb_sorting__cleanup(void)
 {
 	git_odb_free(_odb);
 	_odb = NULL;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_SET_ODB_LOOSE_PRIORITY,
+	                             GIT_ODB_DEFAULT_LOOSE_PRIORITY));
+	cl_git_pass(git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_SET_ODB_PACKED_PRIORITY,
+	                             GIT_ODB_DEFAULT_PACKED_PRIORITY));
 }
 
 void test_odb_sorting__basic_backends_sorting(void)
@@ -68,3 +74,26 @@ void test_odb_sorting__alternate_backends_sorting(void)
 
 	check_backend_sorting(_odb);
 }
+
+void test_odb_sorting__override_default_backend_priority(void)
+{
+	git_odb *new_odb;
+	git_odb_backend *loose, *packed, *backend;
+	cl_git_pass(git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_SET_ODB_LOOSE_PRIORITY, 5));
+	cl_git_pass(git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_SET_ODB_PACKED_PRIORITY, 3));
+	git_odb_backend_pack(&packed, "./testrepo.git/objects");
+	git_odb_backend_loose(&loose, "./testrepo.git/objects", -1, 0, 0, 0);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_odb_open(&new_odb, cl_fixture("testrepo.git/objects")));
+	cl_assert_equal_sz(2, git_odb_num_backends(new_odb));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_odb_get_backend(&backend, new_odb, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_p(loose->read, backend->read);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_odb_get_backend(&backend, new_odb, 1));
+	cl_assert_equal_p(packed->read, backend->read);
+
+	git_odb_free(new_odb);
+	loose->free(loose);
+	packed->free(packed);
+}
diff --git a/tests/online/badssl.c b/tests/online/badssl.c
index 6524fcd..6735e9c 100644
--- a/tests/online/badssl.c
+++ b/tests/online/badssl.c
@@ -67,14 +67,9 @@ void test_online_badssl__old_cipher(void)
 	git_clone_options opts = GIT_CLONE_OPTIONS_INIT;
 	opts.fetch_opts.callbacks.certificate_check = cert_check_assert_invalid;
 
-	/* FIXME: we don't actually reject RC4 anywhere, figure out what to tweak */
-	cl_skip();
-
 	if (!g_has_ssl)
 		cl_skip();
 
-	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_ECERTIFICATE,
-			 git_clone(&g_repo, "https://rc4.badssl.com/fake.git", "./fake", NULL));
-	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_ECERTIFICATE,
-			 git_clone(&g_repo, "https://rc4.badssl.com/fake.git", "./fake", &opts));
+	cl_git_fail(git_clone(&g_repo, "https://rc4.badssl.com/fake.git", "./fake", NULL));
+	cl_git_fail(git_clone(&g_repo, "https://rc4.badssl.com/fake.git", "./fake", &opts));
 }
diff --git a/tests/online/clone.c b/tests/online/clone.c
index 034d0c2..6de687b 100644
--- a/tests/online/clone.c
+++ b/tests/online/clone.c
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #define BB_REPO_URL "https://libgit3@bitbucket.org/libgit2/testgitrepository.git"
 #define BB_REPO_URL_WITH_PASS "https://libgit3:libgit3@bitbucket.org/libgit2/testgitrepository.git"
 #define BB_REPO_URL_WITH_WRONG_PASS "https://libgit3:wrong@bitbucket.org/libgit2/testgitrepository.git"
+#define GOOGLESOURCE_REPO_URL "https://chromium.googlesource.com/external/github.com/sergi/go-diff"
 
 #define SSH_REPO_URL "ssh://github.com/libgit2/TestGitRepository"
 
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ static int fetch_progress(const git_indexer_progress *stats, void *payload)
 void test_online_clone__can_checkout_a_cloned_repo(void)
 {
 	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
-	git_reference *head;
+	git_reference *head, *remote_head;
 	bool checkout_progress_cb_was_called = false,
 		  fetch_progress_cb_was_called = false;
 
@@ -194,9 +195,14 @@ void test_online_clone__can_checkout_a_cloned_repo(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC, git_reference_type(head));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("refs/heads/master", git_reference_symbolic_target(head));
 
+	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&remote_head, g_repo, "refs/remotes/origin/HEAD"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC, git_reference_type(remote_head));
+	cl_assert_equal_s("refs/remotes/origin/master", git_reference_symbolic_target(remote_head));
+
 	cl_assert_equal_i(true, checkout_progress_cb_was_called);
 	cl_assert_equal_i(true, fetch_progress_cb_was_called);
 
+	git_reference_free(remote_head);
 	git_reference_free(head);
 	git_buf_dispose(&path);
 }
@@ -463,6 +469,13 @@ void test_online_clone__bitbucket_falls_back_to_specified_creds(void)
 	cl_fixture_cleanup("./foo");
 }
 
+void test_online_clone__googlesource(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_clone(&g_repo, GOOGLESOURCE_REPO_URL, "./foo", &g_options));
+	git_repository_free(g_repo); g_repo = NULL;
+	cl_fixture_cleanup("./foo");
+}
+
 static int cancel_at_half(const git_indexer_progress *stats, void *payload)
 {
 	GIT_UNUSED(payload);
@@ -856,6 +869,28 @@ void test_online_clone__proxy_credentials_in_environment(void)
 	git_buf_dispose(&url);
 }
 
+void test_online_clone__proxy_credentials_in_url_https(void)
+{
+	git_buf url = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!_remote_proxy_host || !_remote_proxy_user || !_remote_proxy_pass)
+		cl_skip();
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_printf(&url, "%s://%s:%s@%s/",
+		_remote_proxy_scheme ? _remote_proxy_scheme : "http",
+		_remote_proxy_user, _remote_proxy_pass, _remote_proxy_host));
+
+	g_options.fetch_opts.proxy_opts.type = GIT_PROXY_SPECIFIED;
+	g_options.fetch_opts.proxy_opts.url = url.ptr;
+	g_options.fetch_opts.proxy_opts.certificate_check = proxy_cert_cb;
+	g_options.fetch_opts.callbacks.certificate_check = ssl_cert;
+	called_proxy_creds = 0;
+	cl_git_pass(git_clone(&g_repo, "https://github.com/libgit2/TestGitRepository", "./foo", &g_options));
+	cl_assert(called_proxy_creds == 0);
+
+	git_buf_dispose(&url);
+}
+
 void test_online_clone__proxy_auto_not_detected(void)
 {
 	g_options.fetch_opts.proxy_opts.type = GIT_PROXY_AUTO;
diff --git a/tests/online/fetch.c b/tests/online/fetch.c
index f939a16..67dfd69 100644
--- a/tests/online/fetch.c
+++ b/tests/online/fetch.c
@@ -3,9 +3,19 @@
 static git_repository *_repo;
 static int counter;
 
+static char *_remote_proxy_scheme = NULL;
+static char *_remote_proxy_host = NULL;
+static char *_remote_proxy_user = NULL;
+static char *_remote_proxy_pass = NULL;
+
 void test_online_fetch__initialize(void)
 {
 	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&_repo, "./fetch", 0));
+
+    _remote_proxy_scheme = cl_getenv("GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_SCHEME");
+    _remote_proxy_host = cl_getenv("GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_HOST");
+    _remote_proxy_user = cl_getenv("GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_USER");
+    _remote_proxy_pass = cl_getenv("GITTEST_REMOTE_PROXY_PASS");
 }
 
 void test_online_fetch__cleanup(void)
@@ -14,6 +24,11 @@ void test_online_fetch__cleanup(void)
 	_repo = NULL;
 
 	cl_fixture_cleanup("./fetch");
+
+    git__free(_remote_proxy_scheme);
+    git__free(_remote_proxy_host);
+    git__free(_remote_proxy_user);
+    git__free(_remote_proxy_pass);
 }
 
 static int update_tips(const char *refname, const git_oid *a, const git_oid *b, void *data)
@@ -207,3 +222,28 @@ void test_online_fetch__twice(void)
 
 	git_remote_free(remote);
 }
+
+void test_online_fetch__proxy(void)
+{
+    git_remote *remote;
+    git_buf url = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+    git_fetch_options fetch_opts;
+
+    if (!_remote_proxy_host || !_remote_proxy_user || !_remote_proxy_pass)
+        cl_skip();
+
+    cl_git_pass(git_buf_printf(&url, "%s://%s:%s@%s/",
+        _remote_proxy_scheme ? _remote_proxy_scheme : "http",
+        _remote_proxy_user, _remote_proxy_pass, _remote_proxy_host));
+
+    cl_git_pass(git_fetch_options_init(&fetch_opts, GIT_FETCH_OPTIONS_VERSION));
+    fetch_opts.proxy_opts.type = GIT_PROXY_SPECIFIED;
+    fetch_opts.proxy_opts.url = url.ptr;
+
+    cl_git_pass(git_remote_create(&remote, _repo, "test", "https://github.com/libgit2/TestGitRepository.git"));
+    cl_git_pass(git_remote_connect(remote, GIT_DIRECTION_FETCH, NULL, &fetch_opts.proxy_opts, NULL));
+    cl_git_pass(git_remote_fetch(remote, NULL, &fetch_opts, NULL));
+
+    git_remote_free(remote);
+    git_buf_dispose(&url);
+}
diff --git a/tests/online/fetchhead.c b/tests/online/fetchhead.c
index 32e7419..b619931 100644
--- a/tests/online/fetchhead.c
+++ b/tests/online/fetchhead.c
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ static size_t count_references(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_list(&array, g_repo));
 	refs = array.count;
 
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 
 	return refs;
 }
diff --git a/tests/online/push_util.c b/tests/online/push_util.c
index fe9af2c..b39f781 100644
--- a/tests/online/push_util.c
+++ b/tests/online/push_util.c
@@ -58,12 +58,14 @@ int record_update_tips_cb(const char *refname, const git_oid *a, const git_oid *
 int create_deletion_refspecs(git_vector *out, const git_remote_head **heads, size_t heads_len)
 {
 	git_buf del_spec = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	int valid;
 	size_t i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < heads_len; i++) {
 		const git_remote_head *head = heads[i];
 		/* Ignore malformed ref names (which also saves us from tag^{} */
-		if (!git_reference_is_valid_name(head->name))
+		cl_git_pass(git_reference_name_is_valid(&valid, head->name));
+		if (!valid)
 			return 0;
 
 		/* Create a refspec that deletes a branch in the remote */
diff --git a/tests/online/remotes.c b/tests/online/remotes.c
index d79eb1f..f7fe414 100644
--- a/tests/online/remotes.c
+++ b/tests/online/remotes.c
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ void test_online_remotes__single_branch(void)
 	}
 	cl_assert_equal_i(1, count);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&refs);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refs);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_lookup(&remote, repo, "origin"));
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_get_fetch_refspecs(&refs, remote));
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ void test_online_remotes__single_branch(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(1, refs.count);
 	cl_assert_equal_s(REFSPEC, refs.strings[0]);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&refs);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refs);
 	git_remote_free(remote);
 	git_repository_free(repo);
 }
diff --git a/tests/pack/filelimit.c b/tests/pack/filelimit.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e0b77e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/pack/filelimit.c
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+#include "clar_libgit2.h"
+#include "mwindow.h"
+
+#include <git2.h>
+#include "git2/sys/commit.h"
+#include "git2/sys/mempack.h"
+
+static size_t expected_open_mwindow_files = 0;
+static size_t original_mwindow_file_limit = 0;
+
+extern git_mutex git__mwindow_mutex;
+extern git_mwindow_ctl git_mwindow__mem_ctl;
+
+void test_pack_filelimit__initialize_tiny(void)
+{
+	expected_open_mwindow_files = 1;
+	cl_git_pass(git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_GET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT, &original_mwindow_file_limit));
+	cl_git_pass(git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_SET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT, expected_open_mwindow_files));
+}
+
+void test_pack_filelimit__initialize_medium(void)
+{
+	expected_open_mwindow_files = 10;
+	cl_git_pass(git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_GET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT, &original_mwindow_file_limit));
+	cl_git_pass(git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_SET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT, expected_open_mwindow_files));
+}
+
+void test_pack_filelimit__initialize_unlimited(void)
+{
+	expected_open_mwindow_files = 15;
+	cl_git_pass(git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_GET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT, &original_mwindow_file_limit));
+	cl_git_pass(git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_SET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT, 0));
+}
+
+void test_pack_filelimit__cleanup(void)
+{
+	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	cl_git_pass(git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_SET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT, original_mwindow_file_limit));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_joinpath(&path, clar_sandbox_path(), "repo.git"));
+	cl_fixture_cleanup(path.ptr);
+	git_buf_dispose(&path);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a packfile with one commit, one tree, and two blobs. The first blob
+ * (README.md) has the same content in all commits, but the second one
+ * (file.txt) has a different content in each commit.
+ */
+void create_packfile_commit(
+		git_repository *repo,
+		git_oid *out_commit_id,
+		git_oid *parent_id,
+		size_t commit_index,
+		size_t commit_count)
+{
+	git_buf file_contents = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_treebuilder *treebuilder;
+	git_packbuilder *packbuilder;
+	git_signature *s;
+	git_oid oid, tree_id, commit_id;
+	const git_oid *parents[] = { parent_id };
+	size_t parent_count = parent_id ? 1 : 0;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_new(&treebuilder, repo, NULL));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_blob_create_from_buffer(&oid, repo, "", 0));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_insert(NULL, treebuilder, "README.md", &oid, 0100644));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_printf(&file_contents, "Commit %zd/%zd", commit_index, commit_count));
+	cl_git_pass(git_blob_create_from_buffer(&oid, repo, file_contents.ptr, file_contents.size));
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_insert(NULL, treebuilder, "file.txt", &oid, 0100644));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_write(&tree_id, treebuilder));
+	cl_git_pass(git_signature_now(&s, "alice", "alice@example.com"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_create_from_ids(&commit_id, repo, "refs/heads/master", s, s,
+			NULL, file_contents.ptr, &tree_id, parent_count, parents));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_packbuilder_new(&packbuilder, repo));
+	cl_git_pass(git_packbuilder_insert_commit(packbuilder, &commit_id));
+	cl_git_pass(git_packbuilder_write(packbuilder, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_cpy(out_commit_id, &commit_id));
+
+	git_buf_dispose(&file_contents);
+	git_treebuilder_free(treebuilder);
+	git_packbuilder_free(packbuilder);
+	git_signature_free(s);
+}
+
+void test_pack_filelimit__open_repo_with_multiple_packfiles(void)
+{
+	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_mwindow_ctl *ctl = &git_mwindow__mem_ctl;
+	git_repository *repo;
+	git_revwalk *walk;
+	git_oid id, *parent_id = NULL;
+	size_t i;
+	const size_t commit_count = 16;
+	unsigned int open_windows;
+
+	/*
+	 * Create a repository and populate it with 16 commits, each in its own
+	 * packfile.
+	 */
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_joinpath(&path, clar_sandbox_path(), "repo.git"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&repo, path.ptr, true));
+	for (i = 0; i < commit_count; ++i) {
+		create_packfile_commit(repo, &id, parent_id, i + 1, commit_count);
+		parent_id = &id;
+	}
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_revwalk_new(&walk, repo));
+	cl_git_pass(git_revwalk_sorting(walk, GIT_SORT_TOPOLOGICAL));
+	cl_git_pass(git_revwalk_push_ref(walk, "refs/heads/master"));
+
+	/* Walking the repository requires eventually opening each of the packfiles. */
+	i = 0;
+	while (git_revwalk_next(&id, walk) == 0)
+		++i;
+	cl_assert_equal_i(commit_count, i);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_mutex_lock(&git__mwindow_mutex));
+	/*
+	 * Adding an assert while holding a lock will cause the whole process to
+	 * deadlock. Copy the value and do the assert after releasing the lock.
+	 */
+	open_windows = ctl->open_windows;
+	cl_git_pass(git_mutex_unlock(&git__mwindow_mutex));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_i(expected_open_mwindow_files, open_windows);
+
+	git_buf_dispose(&path);
+	git_revwalk_free(walk);
+	git_repository_free(repo);
+}
diff --git a/tests/pack/midx.c b/tests/pack/midx.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d7efbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/pack/midx.c
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#include "clar_libgit2.h"
+
+#include <git2.h>
+
+#include "midx.h"
+
+void test_pack_midx__parse(void)
+{
+	git_repository *repo;
+	struct git_midx_file *idx;
+	struct git_midx_entry e;
+	git_oid id;
+	git_buf midx_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&repo, cl_fixture("testrepo.git")));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_joinpath(&midx_path, git_repository_path(repo), "objects/pack/multi-pack-index"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_midx_open(&idx, git_buf_cstr(&midx_path)));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_midx_needs_refresh(idx, git_buf_cstr(&midx_path)), 0);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, "5001298e0c09ad9c34e4249bc5801c75e9754fa5"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_midx_entry_find(&e, idx, &id, GIT_OID_HEXSZ));
+	cl_assert_equal_oid(&e.sha1, &id);
+	cl_assert_equal_s(
+			(const char *)git_vector_get(&idx->packfile_names, e.pack_index),
+			"pack-d7c6adf9f61318f041845b01440d09aa7a91e1b5.idx");
+
+	git_midx_free(idx);
+	git_repository_free(repo);
+	git_buf_dispose(&midx_path);
+}
+
+void test_pack_midx__lookup(void)
+{
+	git_repository *repo;
+	git_commit *commit;
+	git_oid id;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&repo, cl_fixture("testrepo.git")));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, "5001298e0c09ad9c34e4249bc5801c75e9754fa5"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_commit_lookup_prefix(&commit, repo, &id, GIT_OID_HEXSZ));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(git_commit_message(commit), "packed commit one\n");
+
+	git_commit_free(commit);
+	git_repository_free(repo);
+}
diff --git a/tests/pack/packbuilder.c b/tests/pack/packbuilder.c
index 32f0612..5f5441a 100644
--- a/tests/pack/packbuilder.c
+++ b/tests/pack/packbuilder.c
@@ -151,6 +151,15 @@ void test_pack_packbuilder__get_hash(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_s(hex, "7f5fa362c664d68ba7221259be1cbd187434b2f0");
 }
 
+void test_pack_packbuilder__write_default_path(void)
+{
+	seed_packbuilder();
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_packbuilder_write(_packbuilder, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL));
+	cl_assert(git_path_exists("objects/pack/pack-7f5fa362c664d68ba7221259be1cbd187434b2f0.idx"));
+	cl_assert(git_path_exists("objects/pack/pack-7f5fa362c664d68ba7221259be1cbd187434b2f0.pack"));
+}
+
 static void test_write_pack_permission(mode_t given, mode_t expected)
 {
 	struct stat statbuf;
diff --git a/tests/pack/threadsafety.c b/tests/pack/threadsafety.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd6a61f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/pack/threadsafety.c
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#include "clar_libgit2.h"
+#include "pool.h"
+
+#include <git2.h>
+#include "git2/sys/commit.h"
+#include "git2/sys/mempack.h"
+
+static size_t original_mwindow_file_limit = 0;
+
+void test_pack_threadsafety__initialize(void)
+{
+	size_t open_mwindow_files = 1;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_GET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT, &original_mwindow_file_limit));
+	cl_git_pass(git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_SET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT, open_mwindow_files));
+}
+
+void test_pack_threadsafety__cleanup(void)
+{
+	cl_git_pass(git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_SET_MWINDOW_FILE_LIMIT, original_mwindow_file_limit));
+}
+
+#ifdef GIT_THREADS
+static void *get_status(void *arg)
+{
+	const char *repo_path = (const char *)arg;
+	git_repository *repo;
+	git_status_list *status;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&repo, repo_path));
+	cl_git_pass(git_status_list_new(&status, repo, NULL));
+	git_status_list_free(status);
+	git_repository_free(repo);
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+#endif
+
+void test_pack_threadsafety__open_repo_in_multiple_threads(void)
+{
+#ifdef GIT_THREADS
+	const char *repo_path = cl_fixture("../..");
+	git_repository *repo;
+	git_thread threads[8];
+	size_t i;
+
+	/* If we can't open the libgit2 repo or if it isn't a full repo
+	 * with proper history, just skip this test */
+	if (git_repository_open(&repo, repo_path) < 0)
+		cl_skip();
+	if (git_repository_is_shallow(repo))
+		cl_skip();
+	git_repository_free(repo);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(threads); i++)
+		git_thread_create(&threads[i], get_status, (void *)repo_path);
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(threads); i++)
+		git_thread_join(&threads[i], NULL);
+#else
+	cl_skip();
+#endif
+}
diff --git a/tests/patch/patch_common.h b/tests/patch/patch_common.h
index 7315247..1e03889 100644
--- a/tests/patch/patch_common.h
+++ b/tests/patch/patch_common.h
@@ -579,6 +579,14 @@
 	"rename from file.txt\n" \
 	"rename to newfile.txt\n"
 
+#define PATCH_RENAME_EXACT_WITH_MODE \
+	"diff --git a/RENAMED.md b/README.md\n" \
+	"old mode 100644\n" \
+	"new mode 100755\n" \
+	"similarity index 100%\n" \
+	"rename from RENAMED.md\n" \
+	"rename to README.md\n"
+
 #define PATCH_RENAME_SIMILAR \
 	"diff --git a/file.txt b/newfile.txt\n" \
 	"similarity index 77%\n" \
diff --git a/tests/patch/print.c b/tests/patch/print.c
index c4ff479..b0a9339 100644
--- a/tests/patch/print.c
+++ b/tests/patch/print.c
@@ -107,6 +107,12 @@ void test_patch_print__rename_exact(void)
 		strlen(PATCH_RENAME_EXACT));
 }
 
+void test_patch_print__rename_exact_with_mode(void)
+{
+	patch_print_from_patchfile(PATCH_RENAME_EXACT_WITH_MODE,
+		strlen(PATCH_RENAME_EXACT_WITH_MODE));
+}
+
 void test_patch_print__rename_similar(void)
 {
 	patch_print_from_patchfile(PATCH_RENAME_SIMILAR,
diff --git a/tests/path/core.c b/tests/path/core.c
index 48b518c..c875a86 100644
--- a/tests/path/core.c
+++ b/tests/path/core.c
@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 #include "clar_libgit2.h"
 #include "path.h"
 
+void test_path_core__cleanup(void)
+{
+	cl_git_sandbox_cleanup();
+}
+
 static void test_make_relative(
 	const char *expected_path,
 	const char *path,
@@ -44,266 +49,322 @@ void test_path_core__make_relative(void)
 
 	test_make_relative("/path/to/foo.c", "/path/to/foo.c", "d:/path/to", GIT_ENOTFOUND);
 	test_make_relative("d:/path/to/foo.c", "d:/path/to/foo.c", "/path/to", GIT_ENOTFOUND);
-	
+
 	test_make_relative("/path/to/foo.c", "/path/to/foo.c", "not-a-rooted-path", GIT_ENOTFOUND);
 	test_make_relative("not-a-rooted-path", "not-a-rooted-path", "/path/to", GIT_ENOTFOUND);
-	
+
 	test_make_relative("/path", "/path", "pathtofoo", GIT_ENOTFOUND);
 	test_make_relative("path", "path", "pathtofoo", GIT_ENOTFOUND);
 }
 
 void test_path_core__isvalid_standard(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar/file.txt", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar/.file", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar/file.txt", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar/.file", 0, 0));
 }
 
 void test_path_core__isvalid_empty_dir_component(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo//bar", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo//bar", 0, 0));
 
 	/* leading slash */
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "/", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "/foo", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "/foo/bar", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "/", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "/foo", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "/foo/bar", 0, 0));
 
 	/* trailing slash */
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar/", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar/", 0, 0));
 }
 
 void test_path_core__isvalid_dot_and_dotdot(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "./foo", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/.", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "./foo", 0, 0));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "..", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "../foo", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/..", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "../foo", 0, 0));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "./foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "./foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "..", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "../foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/..", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "../foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "./foo", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/.", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "./foo", 0, 0));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "..", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "../foo", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/..", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "../foo", 0, 0));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "./foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "./foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "..", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "../foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/..", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "../foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAVERSAL));
 }
 
 void test_path_core__isvalid_dot_git(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git/foo", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/.git", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/.git/bar", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/.GIT/bar", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar/.Git", 0, 0));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_LITERAL));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git/foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_LITERAL));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/.git", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_LITERAL));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/.git/bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_LITERAL));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/.GIT/bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_LITERAL));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar/.Git", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_LITERAL));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "!git", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/!git", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "!git/bar", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".tig", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/.tig", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".tig/bar", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git/foo", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/.git", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/.git/bar", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/.GIT/bar", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar/.Git", 0, 0));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_LITERAL));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git/foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_LITERAL));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/.git", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_LITERAL));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/.git/bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_LITERAL));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/.GIT/bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_LITERAL));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar/.Git", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_LITERAL));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "!git", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/!git", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "!git/bar", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".tig", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/.tig", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".tig/bar", 0, 0));
 }
 
 void test_path_core__isvalid_backslash(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo\\file.txt", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar\\file.txt", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar\\", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo\\file.txt", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar\\file.txt", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar\\", 0, 0));
 
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo\\file.txt", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_BACKSLASH));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar\\file.txt", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_BACKSLASH));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar\\", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_BACKSLASH));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo\\file.txt", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_BACKSLASH));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar\\file.txt", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_BACKSLASH));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar\\", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_BACKSLASH));
 }
 
 void test_path_core__isvalid_trailing_dot(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo.", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo...", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar.", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo./bar", 0, 0));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_DOT));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo...", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_DOT));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_DOT));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo./bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_DOT));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo.", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo...", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar.", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo./bar", 0, 0));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_DOT));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo...", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_DOT));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_DOT));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo./bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_DOT));
 }
 
 void test_path_core__isvalid_trailing_space(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo ", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo   ", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar ", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, " ", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo /bar", 0, 0));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo ", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_SPACE));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo   ", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_SPACE));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar ", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_SPACE));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, " ", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_SPACE));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo /bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_SPACE));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo ", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo   ", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar ", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, " ", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo /bar", 0, 0));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo ", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_SPACE));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo   ", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_SPACE));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar ", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_SPACE));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, " ", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_SPACE));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo /bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_SPACE));
 }
 
 void test_path_core__isvalid_trailing_colon(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo:", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar:", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ":", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo:/bar", 0, 0));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo:", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_COLON));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo/bar:", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_COLON));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ":", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_COLON));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "foo:/bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_COLON));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo:", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar:", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ":", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo:/bar", 0, 0));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo:", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_COLON));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo/bar:", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_COLON));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ":", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_COLON));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "foo:/bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_TRAILING_COLON));
 }
 
 void test_path_core__isvalid_dotgit_ntfs(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git ", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git.", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git.. .", 0, 0));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "git~1", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "git~1 ", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "git~1.", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "git~1.. .", 0, 0));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git ", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git.. .", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "git~1", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "git~1 ", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "git~1.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "git~1.. .", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git ", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git.", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git.. .", 0, 0));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "git~1", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "git~1 ", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "git~1.", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "git~1.. .", 0, 0));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git ", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git.. .", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "git~1", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "git~1 ", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "git~1.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "git~1.. .", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
 }
 
 void test_path_core__isvalid_dos_paths(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux.", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux:", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux.asdf", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux.asdf\\zippy", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux:asdf\\foobar", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "con", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "prn", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "nul", 0, 0));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux:", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux.asdf", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux.asdf\\zippy", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux:asdf\\foobar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "con", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "prn", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "nul", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux1", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux1", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "auxn", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "aux\\foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux.", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux:", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux.asdf", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux.asdf\\zippy", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux:asdf\\foobar", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "con", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "prn", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "nul", 0, 0));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux:", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux.asdf", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux.asdf\\zippy", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux:asdf\\foobar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "con", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "prn", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "nul", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux1", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux1", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "auxn", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "aux\\foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
 }
 
 void test_path_core__isvalid_dos_paths_withnum(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1.", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1:", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1.asdf", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1.asdf\\zippy", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1:asdf\\foobar", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1\\foo", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "lpt1", 0, 0));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1:", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1.asdf", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1.asdf\\zippy", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1:asdf\\foobar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1/foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "lpt1", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com0", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com0", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com10", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com10", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "comn", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "com1\\foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "lpt0", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "lpt10", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "lptn", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1.", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1:", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1.asdf", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1.asdf\\zippy", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1:asdf\\foobar", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1\\foo", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "lpt1", 0, 0));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1:", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1.asdf", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1.asdf\\zippy", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1:asdf\\foobar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1/foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "lpt1", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "com0", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "com0", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "com10", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "com10", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "comn", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "com1\\foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "lpt0", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "lpt10", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "lptn", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOS_PATHS));
 }
 
 void test_path_core__isvalid_nt_chars(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf\001foo", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf\037bar", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf<bar", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf>foo", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf:foo", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf\"bar", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf|foo", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf?bar", 0, 0));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf*bar", 0, 0));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf\001foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf\037bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf<bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf>foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf:foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf\"bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf|foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf?bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "asdf*bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf\001foo", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf\037bar", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf<bar", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf>foo", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf:foo", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf\"bar", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf|foo", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf?bar", 0, 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf*bar", 0, 0));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf\001foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf\037bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf<bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf>foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf:foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf\"bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf|foo", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf?bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "asdf*bar", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_NT_CHARS));
 }
 
 void test_path_core__isvalid_dotgit_with_hfs_ignorables(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git\xe2\x80\x8c", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".gi\xe2\x80\x8dT", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".g\xe2\x80\x8eIt", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".\xe2\x80\x8fgIt", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "\xe2\x80\xaa.gIt", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "\xe2\x80\xab.\xe2\x80\xacG\xe2\x80\xadI\xe2\x80\xaet", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "\xe2\x81\xab.\xe2\x80\xaaG\xe2\x81\xabI\xe2\x80\xact", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "\xe2\x81\xad.\xe2\x80\xaeG\xef\xbb\xbfIT", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".g", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".gi", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, " .git", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "..git\xe2\x80\x8c", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".gi\xe2\x80\x8dT.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".g\xe2\x80It", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".\xe2gIt", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, "\xe2\x80\xaa.gi", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".gi\x80\x8dT", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".gi\x8dT", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".g\xe2i\x80T\x8e", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git\xe2\x80\xbf", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".git\xe2\xab\x81", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git\xe2\x80\x8c", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".gi\xe2\x80\x8dT", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".g\xe2\x80\x8eIt", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".\xe2\x80\x8fgIt", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "\xe2\x80\xaa.gIt", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "\xe2\x80\xab.\xe2\x80\xacG\xe2\x80\xadI\xe2\x80\xaet", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "\xe2\x81\xab.\xe2\x80\xaaG\xe2\x81\xabI\xe2\x80\xact", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, "\xe2\x81\xad.\xe2\x80\xaeG\xef\xbb\xbfIT", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".g", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".gi", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, " .git", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "..git\xe2\x80\x8c", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".gi\xe2\x80\x8dT.", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".g\xe2\x80It", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".\xe2gIt", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, "\xe2\x80\xaa.gi", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".gi\x80\x8dT", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".gi\x8dT", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".g\xe2i\x80T\x8e", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git\xe2\x80\xbf", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".git\xe2\xab\x81", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+}
+
+void test_path_core__validate_workdir(void)
+{
+	cl_must_pass(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "/foo/bar"));
+	cl_must_pass(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "C:\\Foo\\Bar"));
+	cl_must_pass(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "\\\\?\\C:\\Foo\\Bar"));
+	cl_must_pass(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "\\\\?\\C:\\Foo\\Bar"));
+	cl_must_pass(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "\\\\?\\UNC\\server\\C$\\folder"));
+
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+	/*
+	 * In the absense of a repo configuration, 259 character paths
+	 * succeed. >= 260 character paths fail.
+	 */
+	cl_must_pass(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "C:\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\ok.txt"));
+	cl_must_pass(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "C:\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\260.txt"));
+	cl_must_fail(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "C:\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\longer_than_260.txt"));
+
+	/* count characters, not bytes */
+	cl_must_pass(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "C:\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\\260.txt"));
+	cl_must_fail(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "C:\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\\long.txt"));
+#else
+	cl_must_pass(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "/c/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/ok.txt"));
+	cl_must_pass(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "/c/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/260.txt"));
+	cl_must_pass(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "/c/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/longer_than_260.txt"));
+	cl_must_pass(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "C:\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\\260.txt"));
+	cl_must_pass(git_path_validate_workdir(NULL, "C:\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\aaaaaaaaa\\\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\xc2\xa2\\long.txt"));
+#endif
+}
+
+void test_path_core__validate_workdir_with_core_longpath(void)
+{
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+	git_repository *repo;
+	git_config *config;
+
+	repo = cl_git_sandbox_init("empty_bare.git");
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&repo, "empty_bare.git"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_config(&config, repo));
+
+	/* fail by default */
+	cl_must_fail(git_path_validate_workdir(repo, "/c/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/longer_than_260.txt"));
+
+	/* set core.longpaths explicitly on */
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_set_bool(config, "core.longpaths", 1));
+	cl_must_pass(git_path_validate_workdir(repo, "/c/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/longer_than_260.txt"));
+
+	/* set core.longpaths explicitly off */
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_set_bool(config, "core.longpaths", 0));
+	cl_must_fail(git_path_validate_workdir(repo, "/c/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaa/longer_than_260.txt"));
+
+	git_config_free(config);
+	git_repository_free(repo);
+#endif
 }
 
 static void test_join_unrooted(
diff --git a/tests/path/dotgit.c b/tests/path/dotgit.c
index ceb7330..2f9fcae 100644
--- a/tests/path/dotgit.c
+++ b/tests/path/dotgit.c
@@ -113,8 +113,8 @@ void test_path_dotgit__dotgit_modules(void)
 
 void test_path_dotgit__dotgit_modules_symlink(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".gitmodules", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS|GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".gitmodules", S_IFLNK, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".gitmodules", S_IFLNK, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
-	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_isvalid(NULL, ".gitmodules . .::$DATA", S_IFLNK, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(true, git_path_validate(NULL, ".gitmodules", 0, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS|GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".gitmodules", S_IFLNK, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_HFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".gitmodules", S_IFLNK, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
+	cl_assert_equal_b(false, git_path_validate(NULL, ".gitmodules . .::$DATA", S_IFLNK, GIT_PATH_REJECT_DOT_GIT_NTFS));
 }
diff --git a/tests/path/win32.c b/tests/path/win32.c
index 3ed7d7a..46b5c9f 100644
--- a/tests/path/win32.c
+++ b/tests/path/win32.c
@@ -21,6 +21,21 @@ void test_utf8_to_utf16(const char *utf8_in, const wchar_t *utf16_expected)
 #endif
 }
 
+void test_utf8_to_utf16_relative(const char* utf8_in, const wchar_t* utf16_expected)
+{
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+	git_win32_path path_utf16;
+	int path_utf16len;
+
+	cl_assert((path_utf16len = git_win32_path_relative_from_utf8(path_utf16, utf8_in)) >= 0);
+	cl_assert_equal_wcs(utf16_expected, path_utf16);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(wcslen(utf16_expected), path_utf16len);
+#else
+	GIT_UNUSED(utf8_in);
+	GIT_UNUSED(utf16_expected);
+#endif
+}
+
 void test_path_win32__utf8_to_utf16(void)
 {
 #ifdef GIT_WIN32
@@ -63,13 +78,11 @@ void test_path_win32__honors_max_path(void)
 #ifdef GIT_WIN32
 	git_win32_path path_utf16;
 
-	test_utf8_to_utf16("C:\\This path is 259 chars and is the max length in windows\\0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij",
-		L"\\\\?\\C:\\This path is 259 chars and is the max length in windows\\0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij");
-	test_utf8_to_utf16("\\\\unc\\paths may also be 259 characters including the server\\123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij",
-		L"\\\\?\\UNC\\unc\\paths may also be 259 characters including the server\\123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16("C:\\This path is 261 characters which is fine for our path handling functions which cope with paths longer than MAX_PATH\\0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghijk",
+		L"\\\\?\\C:\\This path is 261 characters which is fine for our path handling functions which cope with paths longer than MAX_PATH\\0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghijk");
+
+	cl_check_fail(git_win32_path_from_utf8(path_utf16, "C:\\This path is 4097 chars and exceeds our maximum path length on Windows which is limited to 4096 characters\\alas\\0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij01"));
 
-	cl_check_fail(git_win32_path_from_utf8(path_utf16, "C:\\This path is 260 chars and is sadly too long for windows\\0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij"));
-	cl_check_fail(git_win32_path_from_utf8(path_utf16, "\\\\unc\\paths are also bound by 260 character restrictions\\including the server name portion\\bcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij0123456789abcdefghij"));
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -129,6 +142,31 @@ void test_path_win32__absolute_from_relative(void)
 #endif
 }
 
+void test_path_win32__keeps_relative(void)
+{
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+	/* Relative paths stay relative */
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("Foo", L"Foo");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("..\\..\\Foo", L"..\\..\\Foo");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("Foo\\..", L"Foo\\..");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("Foo\\..\\..", L"Foo\\..\\..");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("Foo\\Bar", L"Foo\\Bar");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("Foo\\..\\Bar", L"Foo\\..\\Bar");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("../../Foo", L"..\\..\\Foo");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("Foo/..", L"Foo\\..");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("Foo/../..", L"Foo\\..\\..");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("Foo/Bar", L"Foo\\Bar");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("Foo/../Bar", L"Foo\\..\\Bar");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("Foo/../Bar/", L"Foo\\..\\Bar\\");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("", L"");
+
+	/* Absolute paths are canonicalized */
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("\\Foo", L"\\\\?\\C:\\Foo");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("/Foo/Bar/", L"\\\\?\\C:\\Foo\\Bar");
+	test_utf8_to_utf16_relative("\\\\server\\c$\\unc\\path", L"\\\\?\\UNC\\server\\c$\\unc\\path");
+#endif
+}
+
 #ifdef GIT_WIN32
 static void test_canonicalize(const wchar_t *in, const wchar_t *expected)
 {
@@ -203,16 +241,6 @@ void test_path_win32__canonicalize(void)
 	test_canonicalize(L"C:/Foo/Bar", L"C:\\Foo\\Bar");
 	test_canonicalize(L"C:/", L"C:\\");
 
-	test_canonicalize(L"Foo\\\\Bar\\\\Asdf\\\\", L"Foo\\Bar\\Asdf");
-	test_canonicalize(L"Foo\\\\Bar\\\\..\\\\Asdf\\", L"Foo\\Asdf");
-	test_canonicalize(L"Foo\\\\Bar\\\\.\\\\Asdf\\", L"Foo\\Bar\\Asdf");
-	test_canonicalize(L"Foo\\\\..\\Bar\\\\.\\\\Asdf\\", L"Bar\\Asdf");
-	test_canonicalize(L"\\", L"");
-	test_canonicalize(L"", L"");
-	test_canonicalize(L"Foo\\..\\..\\..\\..", L"");
-	test_canonicalize(L"..\\..\\..\\..", L"");
-	test_canonicalize(L"\\..\\..\\..\\..", L"");
-
 	test_canonicalize(L"\\\\?\\C:\\Foo\\Bar", L"\\\\?\\C:\\Foo\\Bar");
 	test_canonicalize(L"\\\\?\\C:\\Foo\\Bar\\", L"\\\\?\\C:\\Foo\\Bar");
 	test_canonicalize(L"\\\\?\\C:\\\\Foo\\.\\Bar\\\\..\\", L"\\\\?\\C:\\Foo");
diff --git a/tests/refs/basic.c b/tests/refs/basic.c
index ed0c0bd..9e4c229 100644
--- a/tests/refs/basic.c
+++ b/tests/refs/basic.c
@@ -42,3 +42,44 @@ void test_refs_basic__reference_realloc(void)
 	git_reference_free(new_ref);
 	git_reference_free(ref);
 }
+
+void test_refs_basic__longpaths(void)
+{
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+	const char *base;
+	size_t base_len, extra_len;
+	ssize_t remain_len, i;
+	git_buf refname = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_reference *one = NULL, *two = NULL;
+	git_oid id;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, "099fabac3a9ea935598528c27f866e34089c2eff"));
+
+	base = git_repository_path(g_repo);
+	base_len = git_utf8_char_length(base, strlen(base));
+	extra_len = CONST_STRLEN("logs/refs/heads/") + CONST_STRLEN(".lock");
+
+	remain_len = (ssize_t)MAX_PATH - (base_len + extra_len);
+	cl_assert(remain_len > 0);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_puts(&refname, "refs/heads/"));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < remain_len; i++) {
+		cl_git_pass(git_buf_putc(&refname, 'a'));
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The full path to the reflog lockfile is 260 characters,
+	 * this is permitted.
+	 */
+	cl_git_pass(git_reference_create(&one, g_repo, refname.ptr, &id, 0, NULL));
+
+	/* Adding one more character gives us a path that is too long. */
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_putc(&refname, 'z'));
+	cl_git_fail(git_reference_create(&two, g_repo, refname.ptr, &id, 0, NULL));
+
+	git_reference_free(one);
+	git_reference_free(two);
+	git_buf_dispose(&refname);
+#endif
+}
diff --git a/tests/refs/branches/name.c b/tests/refs/branches/name.c
index 176f836..290916e 100644
--- a/tests/refs/branches/name.c
+++ b/tests/refs/branches/name.c
@@ -43,3 +43,20 @@ void test_refs_branches_name__error_when_ref_is_no_branch(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&ref,repo,"refs/notes/fanout"));
 	cl_git_fail(git_branch_name(&name,ref));
 }
+
+static int name_is_valid(const char *name)
+{
+	int valid;
+	cl_git_pass(git_branch_name_is_valid(&valid, name));
+	return valid;
+}
+
+void test_refs_branches_is_name_valid(void)
+{
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, name_is_valid("master"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, name_is_valid("test/master"));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, name_is_valid(""));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, name_is_valid("HEAD"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, name_is_valid("-dash"));
+}
diff --git a/tests/refs/branches/upstream.c b/tests/refs/branches/upstream.c
index 928a9ff..919705e 100644
--- a/tests/refs/branches/upstream.c
+++ b/tests/refs/branches/upstream.c
@@ -71,6 +71,31 @@ void test_refs_branches_upstream__upstream_remote(void)
 	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
 }
 
+void test_refs_branches_upstream__upstream_merge(void)
+{
+	git_reference *branch;
+	git_repository *repository;
+	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+
+	repository = cl_git_sandbox_init("testrepo.git");
+
+	/* check repository */
+	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&branch, repository, "refs/heads/test"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_branch_set_upstream(branch, "test/master"));
+
+	assert_config_entry_value(repository, "branch.test.remote", "test");
+	assert_config_entry_value(repository, "branch.test.merge", "refs/heads/master");
+
+	git_reference_free(branch);
+
+	/* check merge branch */
+	cl_git_pass(git_branch_upstream_merge(&buf, repository, "refs/heads/test"));
+	cl_assert_equal_s("refs/heads/master", buf.ptr);
+	git_buf_dispose(&buf);
+
+	cl_git_sandbox_cleanup();
+}
+
 void test_refs_branches_upstream__upstream_remote_empty_value(void)
 {
 	git_repository *repository;
diff --git a/tests/refs/create.c b/tests/refs/create.c
index 20ac579..01eb62a 100644
--- a/tests/refs/create.c
+++ b/tests/refs/create.c
@@ -212,17 +212,12 @@ void test_refs_create__oid_unknown_fails_by_default(void)
 
 void test_refs_create__propagate_eexists(void)
 {
-	int error;
 	git_oid oid;
-	git_reference *ref;
 
 	/* Make sure it works for oid and for symbolic both */
-	git_oid_fromstr(&oid, current_master_tip);
-	error = git_reference_create(&ref, g_repo, current_head_target, &oid, false, NULL);
-	cl_assert(error == GIT_EEXISTS);
-
-	error = git_reference_symbolic_create(&ref, g_repo, "HEAD", current_head_target, false, NULL);
-	cl_assert(error == GIT_EEXISTS);
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&oid, current_master_tip));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EEXISTS, git_reference_create(NULL, g_repo, current_head_target, &oid, false, NULL));
+	cl_git_fail_with(GIT_EEXISTS, git_reference_symbolic_create(NULL, g_repo, "HEAD", current_head_target, false, NULL));
 }
 
 void test_refs_create__existing_dir_propagates_edirectory(void)
diff --git a/tests/refs/isvalidname.c b/tests/refs/isvalidname.c
index 65c70ba..063f0f7 100644
--- a/tests/refs/isvalidname.c
+++ b/tests/refs/isvalidname.c
@@ -1,31 +1,38 @@
 #include "clar_libgit2.h"
 
+static bool is_valid_name(const char *name)
+{
+	int valid;
+	cl_git_pass(git_reference_name_is_valid(&valid, name));
+	return valid;
+}
+
 void test_refs_isvalidname__can_detect_invalid_formats(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_reference_is_valid_name("refs/tags/0.17.0^{}"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_reference_is_valid_name("TWO/LEVELS"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_reference_is_valid_name("ONE.LEVEL"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_reference_is_valid_name("HEAD/"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_reference_is_valid_name("NO_TRAILING_UNDERSCORE_"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_reference_is_valid_name("_NO_LEADING_UNDERSCORE"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_reference_is_valid_name("HEAD/aa"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_reference_is_valid_name("lower_case"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_reference_is_valid_name("/stupid/name/master"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_reference_is_valid_name("/"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_reference_is_valid_name("//"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_reference_is_valid_name(""));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_reference_is_valid_name("refs/heads/sub.lock/webmatrix"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("refs/tags/0.17.0^{}"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("TWO/LEVELS"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("ONE.LEVEL"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("HEAD/"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("NO_TRAILING_UNDERSCORE_"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("_NO_LEADING_UNDERSCORE"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("HEAD/aa"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("lower_case"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("/stupid/name/master"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("/"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("//"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name(""));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, is_valid_name("refs/heads/sub.lock/webmatrix"));
 }
 
 void test_refs_isvalidname__wont_hopefully_choke_on_valid_formats(void)
 {
-	cl_assert_equal_i(true, git_reference_is_valid_name("refs/tags/0.17.0"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(true, git_reference_is_valid_name("refs/LEVELS"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(true, git_reference_is_valid_name("HEAD"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(true, git_reference_is_valid_name("ONE_LEVEL"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(true, git_reference_is_valid_name("refs/stash"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(true, git_reference_is_valid_name("refs/remotes/origin/bim_with_3d@11296"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(true, git_reference_is_valid_name("refs/master{yesterday"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(true, git_reference_is_valid_name("refs/master}yesterday"));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(true, git_reference_is_valid_name("refs/master{yesterday}"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, is_valid_name("refs/tags/0.17.0"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, is_valid_name("refs/LEVELS"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, is_valid_name("HEAD"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, is_valid_name("ONE_LEVEL"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, is_valid_name("refs/stash"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, is_valid_name("refs/remotes/origin/bim_with_3d@11296"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, is_valid_name("refs/master{yesterday"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, is_valid_name("refs/master}yesterday"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, is_valid_name("refs/master{yesterday}"));
 }
diff --git a/tests/refs/list.c b/tests/refs/list.c
index 725d381..8085ff8 100644
--- a/tests/refs/list.c
+++ b/tests/refs/list.c
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ void test_refs_list__all(void)
 	 * loose, but we only list it once */
 	cl_assert_equal_i((int)ref_list.count, 19);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&ref_list);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&ref_list);
 }
 
 void test_refs_list__do_not_retrieve_references_which_name_end_with_a_lock_extension(void)
@@ -53,5 +53,5 @@ void test_refs_list__do_not_retrieve_references_which_name_end_with_a_lock_exten
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_list(&ref_list, g_repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i((int)ref_list.count, 19);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&ref_list);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&ref_list);
 }
diff --git a/tests/refs/listall.c b/tests/refs/listall.c
index c696fbb..9da8d1a 100644
--- a/tests/refs/listall.c
+++ b/tests/refs/listall.c
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ static void ensure_no_refname_starts_with_a_forward_slash(const char *path)
 	for (i = 0; i < ref_list.count; i++)
 		cl_assert(git__prefixcmp(ref_list.strings[i], "/") != 0);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&ref_list);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&ref_list);
 	git_repository_free(repo);
 }
 
@@ -42,6 +42,6 @@ void test_refs_listall__from_repository_with_no_trailing_newline(void)
 
 	cl_assert(ref_list.count > 0);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&ref_list);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&ref_list);
 	git_repository_free(repo);
 }
diff --git a/tests/refs/namespaces.c b/tests/refs/namespaces.c
index bb6bb1c..19456b5 100644
--- a/tests/refs/namespaces.c
+++ b/tests/refs/namespaces.c
@@ -32,5 +32,5 @@ void test_refs_namespaces__namespace_doesnt_show_normal_refs(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_repository_set_namespace(g_repo, "namespace"));
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_list(&ref_list, g_repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, ref_list.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&ref_list);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&ref_list);
 }
diff --git a/tests/refs/races.c b/tests/refs/races.c
index 04a1bc1..4767893 100644
--- a/tests/refs/races.c
+++ b/tests/refs/races.c
@@ -22,6 +22,24 @@ void test_refs_races__cleanup(void)
    cl_git_sandbox_cleanup();
 }
 
+void test_refs_races__create_matching_zero_old(void)
+{
+	git_reference *ref;
+	git_oid id, zero_id;
+
+	git_oid_fromstr(&id, commit_id);
+	git_oid_fromstr(&zero_id, "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000");
+
+	cl_git_fail(git_reference_create_matching(&ref, g_repo, refname, &id, 1, &zero_id, NULL));
+	git_reference_free(ref);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_reference_create_matching(&ref, g_repo, other_refname, &id, 1, &zero_id, NULL));
+	git_reference_free(ref);
+
+	cl_git_fail(git_reference_create_matching(&ref, g_repo, other_refname, &id, 1, &zero_id, NULL));
+	git_reference_free(ref);
+}
+
 void test_refs_races__create_matching(void)
 {
 	git_reference *ref, *ref2, *ref3;
diff --git a/tests/refs/reflog/messages.c b/tests/refs/reflog/messages.c
index 43f59a8..53b8c6f 100644
--- a/tests/refs/reflog/messages.c
+++ b/tests/refs/reflog/messages.c
@@ -24,11 +24,8 @@ void test_refs_reflog_messages__cleanup(void)
 void test_refs_reflog_messages__setting_head_updates_reflog(void)
 {
 	git_object *tag;
-	git_signature *sig;
 	git_annotated_commit *annotated;
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_signature_now(&sig, "me", "foo@example.com"));
-
 	cl_git_pass(git_repository_set_head(g_repo, "refs/heads/haacked")); /* 4 */
 	cl_git_pass(git_repository_set_head(g_repo, "refs/heads/unborn"));
 	cl_git_pass(git_revparse_single(&tag, g_repo, "tags/test"));
@@ -68,7 +65,6 @@ void test_refs_reflog_messages__setting_head_updates_reflog(void)
 
 	git_annotated_commit_free(annotated);
 	git_object_free(tag);
-	git_signature_free(sig);
 }
 
 void test_refs_reflog_messages__setting_head_to_same_target_ignores_reflog(void)
@@ -87,12 +83,9 @@ void test_refs_reflog_messages__setting_head_to_same_target_ignores_reflog(void)
 
 void test_refs_reflog_messages__detaching_writes_reflog(void)
 {
-	git_signature *sig;
 	git_oid id;
 	const char *msg;
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_signature_now(&sig, "me", "foo@example.com"));
-
 	msg = "checkout: moving from master to e90810b8df3e80c413d903f631643c716887138d";
 	git_oid_fromstr(&id, "e90810b8df3e80c413d903f631643c716887138d");
 	cl_git_pass(git_repository_set_head_detached(g_repo, &id));
@@ -107,8 +100,6 @@ void test_refs_reflog_messages__detaching_writes_reflog(void)
 		"e90810b8df3e80c413d903f631643c716887138d",
 		"258f0e2a959a364e40ed6603d5d44fbb24765b10",
 		NULL, msg);
-
-	git_signature_free(sig);
 }
 
 void test_refs_reflog_messages__orphan_branch_does_not_count(void)
diff --git a/tests/refs/reflog/reflog_helpers.c b/tests/refs/reflog/reflog_helpers.c
index 6eba8ec..aecb78b 100644
--- a/tests/refs/reflog/reflog_helpers.c
+++ b/tests/refs/reflog/reflog_helpers.c
@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ size_t reflog_entrycount(git_repository *repo, const char *name)
 
 void cl_reflog_check_entry_(git_repository *repo, const char *reflog, size_t idx,
 	const char *old_spec, const char *new_spec,
-	const char *email, const char *message, const char *file, int line)
+	const char *email, const char *message,
+	const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	git_reflog *log;
 	const git_reflog_entry *entry;
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ void cl_reflog_check_entry_(git_repository *repo, const char *reflog, size_t idx
 	cl_git_pass(git_reflog_read(&log, repo, reflog));
 	entry = git_reflog_entry_byindex(log, idx);
 	if (entry == NULL)
-		clar__fail(file, line, "Reflog has no such entry", NULL, 1);
+		clar__fail(file, func, line, "Reflog has no such entry", NULL, 1);
 
 	if (old_spec) {
 		git_object *obj = NULL;
@@ -92,7 +93,7 @@ void cl_reflog_check_entry_(git_repository *repo, const char *reflog, size_t idx
 			git_buf_printf(&result, "\tMessage: \"%s\" != \"%s\"\n", message, entry_msg);
 	}
 	if (git_buf_len(&result) != 0)
-		clar__fail(file, line, "Reflog entry mismatch", git_buf_cstr(&result), 1);
+		clar__fail(file, func, line, "Reflog entry mismatch", git_buf_cstr(&result), 1);
 
 	git_buf_dispose(&result);
 	git_reflog_free(log);
diff --git a/tests/refs/revparse.c b/tests/refs/revparse.c
index 3c4ed9a..bc6e0a4 100644
--- a/tests/refs/revparse.c
+++ b/tests/refs/revparse.c
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ static void test_id_inrepo(
 	const char *spec,
 	const char *expected_left,
 	const char *expected_right,
-	git_revparse_mode_t expected_flags,
+	git_revspec_t expected_flags,
 	git_repository *repo)
 {
 	git_revspec revspec;
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ static void test_object_and_ref(const char *spec, const char *expected_oid, cons
 static void test_rangelike(const char *rangelike,
 						   const char *expected_left,
 						   const char *expected_right,
-						   git_revparse_mode_t expected_revparseflags)
+						   git_revspec_t expected_revparseflags)
 {
 	char objstr[64] = {0};
 	git_revspec revspec;
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ static void test_id(
 	const char *spec,
 	const char *expected_left,
 	const char *expected_right,
-	git_revparse_mode_t expected_flags)
+	git_revspec_t expected_flags)
 {
 	test_id_inrepo(spec, expected_left, expected_right, expected_flags, g_repo);
 }
@@ -735,53 +735,53 @@ void test_refs_revparse__range(void)
 	test_rangelike("be3563a^1..be3563a",
 	               "9fd738e8f7967c078dceed8190330fc8648ee56a",
 	               "be3563ae3f795b2b4353bcce3a527ad0a4f7f644",
-	               GIT_REVPARSE_RANGE);
+	               GIT_REVSPEC_RANGE);
 
 	test_rangelike("be3563a^1...be3563a",
 	               "9fd738e8f7967c078dceed8190330fc8648ee56a",
 	               "be3563ae3f795b2b4353bcce3a527ad0a4f7f644",
-	               GIT_REVPARSE_RANGE | GIT_REVPARSE_MERGE_BASE);
+	               GIT_REVSPEC_RANGE | GIT_REVSPEC_MERGE_BASE);
 
 	test_rangelike("be3563a^1.be3563a", NULL, NULL, 0);
 }
 
 void test_refs_revparse__parses_range_operator(void)
 {
-	test_id("HEAD", "a65fedf39aefe402d3bb6e24df4d4f5fe4547750", NULL, GIT_REVPARSE_SINGLE);
+	test_id("HEAD", "a65fedf39aefe402d3bb6e24df4d4f5fe4547750", NULL, GIT_REVSPEC_SINGLE);
 	test_id("HEAD~3..HEAD",
 		"4a202b346bb0fb0db7eff3cffeb3c70babbd2045",
 		"a65fedf39aefe402d3bb6e24df4d4f5fe4547750",
-		GIT_REVPARSE_RANGE);
+		GIT_REVSPEC_RANGE);
 
 	test_id("HEAD~3...HEAD",
 		"4a202b346bb0fb0db7eff3cffeb3c70babbd2045",
 		"a65fedf39aefe402d3bb6e24df4d4f5fe4547750",
-		GIT_REVPARSE_RANGE | GIT_REVPARSE_MERGE_BASE);
+		GIT_REVSPEC_RANGE | GIT_REVSPEC_MERGE_BASE);
 
 	test_id("HEAD~3..",
 		"4a202b346bb0fb0db7eff3cffeb3c70babbd2045",
 		"a65fedf39aefe402d3bb6e24df4d4f5fe4547750",
-		GIT_REVPARSE_RANGE);
+		GIT_REVSPEC_RANGE);
 
 	test_id("HEAD~3...",
 		"4a202b346bb0fb0db7eff3cffeb3c70babbd2045",
 		"a65fedf39aefe402d3bb6e24df4d4f5fe4547750",
-		GIT_REVPARSE_RANGE | GIT_REVPARSE_MERGE_BASE);
+		GIT_REVSPEC_RANGE | GIT_REVSPEC_MERGE_BASE);
 
 	test_id("..HEAD~3",
 		"a65fedf39aefe402d3bb6e24df4d4f5fe4547750",
 		"4a202b346bb0fb0db7eff3cffeb3c70babbd2045",
-		GIT_REVPARSE_RANGE);
+		GIT_REVSPEC_RANGE);
 
 	test_id("...HEAD~3",
 		"a65fedf39aefe402d3bb6e24df4d4f5fe4547750",
 		"4a202b346bb0fb0db7eff3cffeb3c70babbd2045",
-		GIT_REVPARSE_RANGE | GIT_REVPARSE_MERGE_BASE);
+		GIT_REVSPEC_RANGE | GIT_REVSPEC_MERGE_BASE);
 
 	test_id("...",
 		"a65fedf39aefe402d3bb6e24df4d4f5fe4547750",
 		"a65fedf39aefe402d3bb6e24df4d4f5fe4547750",
-		GIT_REVPARSE_RANGE | GIT_REVPARSE_MERGE_BASE);
+		GIT_REVSPEC_RANGE | GIT_REVSPEC_MERGE_BASE);
 
 	test_invalid_revspec("..");
 }
diff --git a/tests/refs/tags/name.c b/tests/refs/tags/name.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ca5df7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/refs/tags/name.c
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#include "clar_libgit2.h"
+
+static int name_is_valid(const char *name)
+{
+	int valid;
+	cl_git_pass(git_tag_name_is_valid(&valid, name));
+	return valid;
+}
+
+void test_refs_tags_is_name_valid(void)
+{
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, name_is_valid("sometag"));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(true, name_is_valid("test/sometag"));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, name_is_valid(""));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, name_is_valid("-dash"));
+}
diff --git a/tests/remote/create.c b/tests/remote/create.c
index 5109623..f92be9d 100644
--- a/tests/remote/create.c
+++ b/tests/remote/create.c
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ void test_remote_create__with_fetchspec(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(1, array.count);
 	cl_assert_equal_i(section_count + 2, count_config_entries_match(_repo, "remote\\."));
 
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 	git_remote_free(remote);
 }
 
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ void test_remote_create__with_empty_fetchspec(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, array.count);
 	cl_assert_equal_i(section_count + 1, count_config_entries_match(_repo, "remote\\."));
 
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 	git_remote_free(remote);
 }
 
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ void test_remote_create__anonymous(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, array.count);
 	cl_assert_equal_i(section_count, count_config_entries_match(_repo, "remote\\."));
 
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 	git_remote_free(remote);
 }
 
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ void test_remote_create__detached(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, array.count);
 	cl_assert_equal_i(section_count, count_config_entries_match(_repo, "remote\\."));
 
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 	git_remote_free(remote);
 }
 
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ void test_remote_create__with_opts_named(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(1, array.count);
 	cl_assert_equal_s("+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/test-new/*", array.strings[0]);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 	git_remote_free(remote);
 }
 
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ void test_remote_create__with_opts_named_and_fetchspec(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(1, array.count);
 	cl_assert_equal_s("+refs/*:refs/*", array.strings[0]);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 	git_remote_free(remote);
 }
 
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ void test_remote_create__with_opts_named_no_fetchspec(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_get_fetch_refspecs(&array, remote));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, array.count);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 	git_remote_free(remote);
 }
 
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ void test_remote_create__with_opts_anonymous(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_get_fetch_refspecs(&array, remote));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, array.count);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 	git_remote_free(remote);
 }
 
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ void test_remote_create__with_opts_detached(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_get_fetch_refspecs(&array, remote));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, array.count);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 
 	git_remote_free(remote);
 
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ void test_remote_create__with_opts_detached(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_get_fetch_refspecs(&array, remote));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, array.count);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&array);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&array);
 
 	git_remote_free(remote);
 }
diff --git a/tests/remote/fetch.c b/tests/remote/fetch.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e825ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/remote/fetch.c
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+#include "../clar_libgit2.h"
+
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "repository.h"
+
+static git_repository *repo1;
+static git_repository *repo2;
+static char* repo1_path;
+static char* repo2_path;
+
+static const char *REPO1_REFNAME = "refs/heads/main";
+static const char *REPO2_REFNAME = "refs/remotes/repo1/main";
+static char *FORCE_FETCHSPEC = "+refs/heads/main:refs/remotes/repo1/main";
+static char *NON_FORCE_FETCHSPEC = "refs/heads/main:refs/remotes/repo1/main";
+
+void test_remote_fetch__initialize(void) {
+	git_config *c;
+	git_buf repo1_path_buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_buf repo2_path_buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	const char *sandbox = clar_sandbox_path();
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_joinpath(&repo1_path_buf, sandbox, "fetchtest_repo1"));
+	repo1_path = git_buf_detach(&repo1_path_buf);
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&repo1, repo1_path, true));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_joinpath(&repo2_path_buf, sandbox, "fetchtest_repo2"));
+	repo2_path = git_buf_detach(&repo2_path_buf);
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&repo2, repo2_path, true));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_config(&c, repo1));
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_set_string(c, "user.email", "some@email"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_set_string(c, "user.name", "some@name"));
+	git_config_free(c);
+	git_buf_dispose(&repo1_path_buf);
+	git_buf_dispose(&repo2_path_buf);
+}
+
+void test_remote_fetch__cleanup(void) {
+	git_repository_free(repo1);
+	git_repository_free(repo2);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_futils_rmdir_r(repo1_path, NULL, GIT_RMDIR_REMOVE_FILES));
+	free(repo1_path);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_futils_rmdir_r(repo2_path, NULL, GIT_RMDIR_REMOVE_FILES));
+	free(repo2_path);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * This checks that the '+' flag on fetchspecs is respected. We create a
+ * repository that has a reference to two commits, one a child of the other.
+ * We fetch this repository into a second repository. Then we reset the
+ * reference in the first repository and run the fetch again. If the '+' flag
+ * is used then the reference in the second repository will change, but if it
+ * is not then it should stay the same.
+ *
+ * @param commit1id A pointer to an OID which will be populated with the first
+ *                  commit.
+ * @param commit2id A pointer to an OID which will be populated with the second
+ *                  commit, which is a descendant of the first.
+ * @param force     Whether to use a spec with '+' prefixed to force the refs
+ *                  to update
+ */
+void do_time_travelling_fetch(git_oid *commit1id, git_oid *commit2id,
+		bool force) {
+	char *refspec_strs = {
+		force ? FORCE_FETCHSPEC : NON_FORCE_FETCHSPEC,
+	};
+	git_strarray refspecs = {
+		.count = 1,
+		.strings = &refspec_strs,
+	};
+
+	/* create two commits in repo 1 and a reference to them */
+	{
+		git_oid empty_tree_id;
+		git_tree *empty_tree;
+		git_signature *sig;
+		git_treebuilder *tb;
+		cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_new(&tb, repo1, NULL));
+		cl_git_pass(git_treebuilder_write(&empty_tree_id, tb));
+		cl_git_pass(git_tree_lookup(&empty_tree, repo1, &empty_tree_id));
+		cl_git_pass(git_signature_default(&sig, repo1));
+		cl_git_pass(git_commit_create(commit1id, repo1, REPO1_REFNAME, sig, 
+					sig, NULL, "one", empty_tree, 0, NULL));
+		cl_git_pass(git_commit_create_v(commit2id, repo1, REPO1_REFNAME, sig, 
+					sig, NULL, "two", empty_tree, 1, commit1id));
+
+		git_tree_free(empty_tree);
+		git_signature_free(sig);
+		git_treebuilder_free(tb);
+	}
+
+	/* fetch the reference via the remote */
+	{
+		git_remote *remote;
+
+		cl_git_pass(git_remote_create_anonymous(&remote, repo2,
+					git_repository_path(repo1)));
+		cl_git_pass(git_remote_fetch(remote, &refspecs, NULL, "some message"));
+
+		git_remote_free(remote);
+	}
+
+	/* assert that repo2 references the second commit */
+	{
+		const git_oid *target;
+		git_reference *ref;
+		cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&ref, repo2, REPO2_REFNAME));
+		target = git_reference_target(ref);
+		cl_assert_equal_b(git_oid_cmp(target, commit2id), 0);
+		git_reference_free(ref);
+	}
+
+	/* set the reference in repo1 to point to the older commit */
+	{
+		git_reference *ref;
+		git_reference *ref2;
+		cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&ref, repo1, REPO1_REFNAME));
+		cl_git_pass(git_reference_set_target(&ref2, ref, commit1id, 
+					"rollback"));
+		git_reference_free(ref);
+		git_reference_free(ref2);
+	}
+
+	/* fetch the reference again */
+	{
+		git_remote *remote;
+
+		cl_git_pass(git_remote_create_anonymous(&remote, repo2,
+					git_repository_path(repo1)));
+		cl_git_pass(git_remote_fetch(remote, &refspecs, NULL, "some message"));
+
+		git_remote_free(remote);
+	}
+}
+
+void test_remote_fetch__dont_update_refs_if_not_descendant_and_not_force(void) {
+	const git_oid *target;
+	git_oid commit1id;
+	git_oid commit2id;
+	git_reference *ref;
+
+	do_time_travelling_fetch(&commit1id, &commit2id, false);
+
+	/* assert that the reference in repo2 has not changed */
+	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&ref, repo2, REPO2_REFNAME));
+	target = git_reference_target(ref);
+	cl_assert_equal_b(git_oid_cmp(target, &commit2id), 0);
+
+	git_reference_free(ref);
+}
+
+void test_remote_fetch__do_update_refs_if_not_descendant_and_force(void) {
+	const git_oid *target;
+	git_oid commit1id;
+	git_oid commit2id;
+	git_reference *ref;
+
+	do_time_travelling_fetch(&commit1id, &commit2id, true);
+
+	/* assert that the reference in repo2 has changed */
+	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&ref, repo2, REPO2_REFNAME));
+	target = git_reference_target(ref);
+	cl_assert_equal_b(git_oid_cmp(target, &commit1id), 0);
+
+	git_reference_free(ref);
+}
diff --git a/tests/remote/list.c b/tests/remote/list.c
index 5abb951..4a6be3d 100644
--- a/tests/remote/list.c
+++ b/tests/remote/list.c
@@ -25,17 +25,17 @@ void test_remote_list__always_checks_disk_config(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_list(&remotes, _repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_sz(remotes.count, 1);
-	git_strarray_free(&remotes);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&remotes);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_create(&remote, _repo, "valid-name", TEST_URL));
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_list(&remotes, _repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_sz(remotes.count, 2);
-	git_strarray_free(&remotes);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&remotes);
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_list(&remotes, repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_sz(remotes.count, 2);
-	git_strarray_free(&remotes);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&remotes);
 
 	git_repository_free(repo);
 	git_remote_free(remote);
diff --git a/tests/repo/env.c b/tests/repo/env.c
index 0246616..43defc1 100644
--- a/tests/repo/env.c
+++ b/tests/repo/env.c
@@ -53,44 +53,44 @@ static int GIT_FORMAT_PRINTF(2, 3) cl_setenv_printf(const char *name, const char
  * from the caller rather than those of the helper. The expression strings
  * distinguish between the possible failures within the helper. */
 
-static void env_pass_(const char *path, const char *file, int line)
+static void env_pass_(const char *path, const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	git_repository *repo;
-	cl_git_expect(git_repository_open_ext(NULL, path, GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_FROM_ENV, NULL), 0, file, line);
-	cl_git_expect(git_repository_open_ext(&repo, path, GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_FROM_ENV, NULL), 0, file, line);
-	cl_assert_at_line(git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(repo), "attr/.git/") == 0, file, line);
-	cl_assert_at_line(git__suffixcmp(git_repository_workdir(repo), "attr/") == 0, file, line);
-	cl_assert_at_line(!git_repository_is_bare(repo), file, line);
+	cl_git_expect(git_repository_open_ext(NULL, path, GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_FROM_ENV, NULL), 0, file, func, line);
+	cl_git_expect(git_repository_open_ext(&repo, path, GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_FROM_ENV, NULL), 0, file, func, line);
+	cl_assert_at_line(git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(repo), "attr/.git/") == 0, file, func, line);
+	cl_assert_at_line(git__suffixcmp(git_repository_workdir(repo), "attr/") == 0, file, func, line);
+	cl_assert_at_line(!git_repository_is_bare(repo), file, func, line);
 	git_repository_free(repo);
 }
-#define env_pass(path) env_pass_((path), __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#define env_pass(path) env_pass_((path), __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 
-#define cl_git_fail_at_line(expr, file, line) clar__assert((expr) < 0, file, line, "Expected function call to fail: " #expr, NULL, 1)
+#define cl_git_fail_at_line(expr, file, func, line) clar__assert((expr) < 0, file, func, line, "Expected function call to fail: " #expr, NULL, 1)
 
-static void env_fail_(const char *path, const char *file, int line)
+static void env_fail_(const char *path, const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	git_repository *repo;
-	cl_git_fail_at_line(git_repository_open_ext(NULL, path, GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_FROM_ENV, NULL), file, line);
-	cl_git_fail_at_line(git_repository_open_ext(&repo, path, GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_FROM_ENV, NULL), file, line);
+	cl_git_fail_at_line(git_repository_open_ext(NULL, path, GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_FROM_ENV, NULL), file, func, line);
+	cl_git_fail_at_line(git_repository_open_ext(&repo, path, GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_FROM_ENV, NULL), file, func, line);
 }
-#define env_fail(path) env_fail_((path), __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#define env_fail(path) env_fail_((path), __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 
 static void env_cd_(
 	const char *path,
-	void (*passfail_)(const char *, const char *, int),
-	const char *file, int line)
+	void (*passfail_)(const char *, const char *, const char *, int),
+	const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	git_buf cwd_buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 	cl_git_pass(git_path_prettify_dir(&cwd_buf, ".", NULL));
 	cl_must_pass(p_chdir(path));
-	passfail_(NULL, file, line);
+	passfail_(NULL, file, func, line);
 	cl_must_pass(p_chdir(git_buf_cstr(&cwd_buf)));
 	git_buf_dispose(&cwd_buf);
 }
-#define env_cd_pass(path) env_cd_((path), env_pass_, __FILE__, __LINE__)
-#define env_cd_fail(path) env_cd_((path), env_fail_, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#define env_cd_pass(path) env_cd_((path), env_pass_, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
+#define env_cd_fail(path) env_cd_((path), env_fail_, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 
-static void env_check_objects_(bool a, bool t, bool p, const char *file, int line)
+static void env_check_objects_(bool a, bool t, bool p, const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	git_repository *repo;
 	git_oid oid_a, oid_t, oid_p;
@@ -98,32 +98,32 @@ static void env_check_objects_(bool a, bool t, bool p, const char *file, int lin
 	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&oid_a, "45141a79a77842c59a63229403220a4e4be74e3d"));
 	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&oid_t, "1385f264afb75a56a5bec74243be9b367ba4ca08"));
 	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&oid_p, "0df1a5865c8abfc09f1f2182e6a31be550e99f07"));
-	cl_git_expect(git_repository_open_ext(&repo, "attr", GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_FROM_ENV, NULL), 0, file, line);
+	cl_git_expect(git_repository_open_ext(&repo, "attr", GIT_REPOSITORY_OPEN_FROM_ENV, NULL), 0, file, func, line);
 
 	if (a) {
-		cl_git_expect(git_object_lookup(&object, repo, &oid_a, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB), 0, file, line);
+		cl_git_expect(git_object_lookup(&object, repo, &oid_a, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB), 0, file, func, line);
 		git_object_free(object);
 	} else {
-		cl_git_fail_at_line(git_object_lookup(&object, repo, &oid_a, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB), file, line);
+		cl_git_fail_at_line(git_object_lookup(&object, repo, &oid_a, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB), file, func, line);
 	}
 
 	if (t) {
-		cl_git_expect(git_object_lookup(&object, repo, &oid_t, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB), 0, file, line);
+		cl_git_expect(git_object_lookup(&object, repo, &oid_t, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB), 0, file, func, line);
 		git_object_free(object);
 	} else {
-		cl_git_fail_at_line(git_object_lookup(&object, repo, &oid_t, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB), file, line);
+		cl_git_fail_at_line(git_object_lookup(&object, repo, &oid_t, GIT_OBJECT_BLOB), file, func, line);
 	}
 
 	if (p) {
-		cl_git_expect(git_object_lookup(&object, repo, &oid_p, GIT_OBJECT_COMMIT), 0, file, line);
+		cl_git_expect(git_object_lookup(&object, repo, &oid_p, GIT_OBJECT_COMMIT), 0, file, func, line);
 		git_object_free(object);
 	} else {
-		cl_git_fail_at_line(git_object_lookup(&object, repo, &oid_p, GIT_OBJECT_COMMIT), file, line);
+		cl_git_fail_at_line(git_object_lookup(&object, repo, &oid_p, GIT_OBJECT_COMMIT), file, func, line);
 	}
 
 	git_repository_free(repo);
 }
-#define env_check_objects(a, t, t2) env_check_objects_((a), (t), (t2), __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#define env_check_objects(a, t, t2) env_check_objects_((a), (t), (t2), __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 
 void test_repo_env__open(void)
 {
diff --git a/tests/repo/getters.c b/tests/repo/getters.c
index b8ede12..d401bb8 100644
--- a/tests/repo/getters.c
+++ b/tests/repo/getters.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "clar_libgit2.h"
+#include "repo/repo_helpers.h"
 
 void test_repo_getters__is_empty_correctly_deals_with_pristine_looking_repos(void)
 {
@@ -23,6 +24,18 @@ void test_repo_getters__is_empty_can_detect_used_repositories(void)
 	git_repository_free(repo);
 }
 
+void test_repo_getters__is_empty_can_detect_repositories_with_defaultbranch_config_empty(void)
+{
+	git_repository *repo;
+
+	create_tmp_global_config("tmp_global_path", "init.defaultBranch", "");
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&repo, cl_fixture("testrepo.git")));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(false, git_repository_is_empty(repo));
+
+	git_repository_free(repo);
+}
+
 void test_repo_getters__retrieving_the_odb_honors_the_refcount(void)
 {
 	git_odb *odb;
diff --git a/tests/repo/init.c b/tests/repo/init.c
index 5a95229..1aa326f 100644
--- a/tests/repo/init.c
+++ b/tests/repo/init.c
@@ -11,30 +11,30 @@ enum repo_mode {
 	BARE_REPOSITORY = 1
 };
 
-static git_repository *_repo = NULL;
-static git_buf _global_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+static git_repository *g_repo = NULL;
+static git_buf g_global_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
 void test_repo_init__initialize(void)
 {
-	_repo = NULL;
+	g_repo = NULL;
 
 	git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_GET_SEARCH_PATH, GIT_CONFIG_LEVEL_GLOBAL,
-			 &_global_path);
+			 &g_global_path);
 }
 
 void test_repo_init__cleanup(void)
 {
 	git_libgit2_opts(GIT_OPT_SET_SEARCH_PATH, GIT_CONFIG_LEVEL_GLOBAL,
-		_global_path.ptr);
-	git_buf_dispose(&_global_path);
+		g_global_path.ptr);
+	git_buf_dispose(&g_global_path);
 
 	cl_fixture_cleanup("tmp_global_path");
 }
 
 static void cleanup_repository(void *path)
 {
-	git_repository_free(_repo);
-	_repo = NULL;
+	git_repository_free(g_repo);
+	g_repo = NULL;
 
 	cl_fixture_cleanup((const char *)path);
 }
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ static void ensure_repository_init(
 
 	cl_assert(!git_path_isdir(working_directory));
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&_repo, working_directory, is_bare));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, working_directory, is_bare));
 
-	workdir = git_repository_workdir(_repo);
+	workdir = git_repository_workdir(g_repo);
 	if (workdir != NULL || expected_working_directory != NULL) {
 		cl_assert(
 			git__suffixcmp(workdir, expected_working_directory) == 0
@@ -59,19 +59,19 @@ static void ensure_repository_init(
 	}
 
 	cl_assert(
-		git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(_repo), expected_path_repository) == 0
+		git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(g_repo), expected_path_repository) == 0
 	);
 
-	cl_assert(git_repository_is_bare(_repo) == is_bare);
+	cl_assert(git_repository_is_bare(g_repo) == is_bare);
 
 #ifdef GIT_WIN32
 	if (!is_bare) {
-		DWORD fattrs = GetFileAttributes(git_repository_path(_repo));
+		DWORD fattrs = GetFileAttributes(git_repository_path(g_repo));
 		cl_assert((fattrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN) != 0);
 	}
 #endif
 
-	cl_assert(git_repository_is_empty(_repo));
+	cl_assert(git_repository_is_empty(g_repo));
 }
 
 void test_repo_init__standard_repo(void)
@@ -112,13 +112,14 @@ void test_repo_init__bare_repo_escaping_current_workdir(void)
 	cl_git_pass(chdir(git_buf_cstr(&path_repository)));
 
 	/* Initialize a bare repo with a relative path escaping out of the current working directory */
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&_repo, "../d/e.git", 1));
-	cl_git_pass(git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(_repo), "/a/b/d/e.git/"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "../d/e.git", 1));
+	cl_git_pass(git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(g_repo), "/a/b/d/e.git/"));
 
-	git_repository_free(_repo);
+	git_repository_free(g_repo);
+	g_repo = NULL;
 
 	/* Open a bare repo with a relative path escaping out of the current working directory */
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&_repo, "../d/e.git"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&g_repo, "../d/e.git"));
 
 	cl_git_pass(chdir(git_buf_cstr(&path_current_workdir)));
 
@@ -133,11 +134,12 @@ void test_repo_init__reinit_bare_repo(void)
 	cl_set_cleanup(&cleanup_repository, "reinit.git");
 
 	/* Initialize the repository */
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&_repo, "reinit.git", 1));
-	git_repository_free(_repo);
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "reinit.git", 1));
+	git_repository_free(g_repo);
+	g_repo = NULL;
 
 	/* Reinitialize the repository */
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&_repo, "reinit.git", 1));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "reinit.git", 1));
 }
 
 void test_repo_init__reinit_too_recent_bare_repo(void)
@@ -145,8 +147,8 @@ void test_repo_init__reinit_too_recent_bare_repo(void)
 	git_config *config;
 
 	/* Initialize the repository */
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&_repo, "reinit.git", 1));
-	git_repository_config(&config, _repo);
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "reinit.git", 1));
+	git_repository_config(&config, g_repo);
 
 	/*
 	 * Hack the config of the repository to make it look like it has
@@ -155,10 +157,11 @@ void test_repo_init__reinit_too_recent_bare_repo(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_config_set_int32(config, "core.repositoryformatversion", 42));
 
 	git_config_free(config);
-	git_repository_free(_repo);
+	git_repository_free(g_repo);
+	g_repo = NULL;
 
 	/* Try to reinitialize the repository */
-	cl_git_fail(git_repository_init(&_repo, "reinit.git", 1));
+	cl_git_fail(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "reinit.git", 1));
 
 	cl_fixture_cleanup("reinit.git");
 }
@@ -172,15 +175,15 @@ void test_repo_init__additional_templates(void)
 	ensure_repository_init("tester", 0, "tester/.git/", "tester/");
 
 	cl_git_pass(
-		git_buf_joinpath(&path, git_repository_path(_repo), "description"));
+		git_buf_joinpath(&path, git_repository_path(g_repo), "description"));
 	cl_assert(git_path_isfile(git_buf_cstr(&path)));
 
 	cl_git_pass(
-		git_buf_joinpath(&path, git_repository_path(_repo), "info/exclude"));
+		git_buf_joinpath(&path, git_repository_path(g_repo), "info/exclude"));
 	cl_assert(git_path_isfile(git_buf_cstr(&path)));
 
 	cl_git_pass(
-		git_buf_joinpath(&path, git_repository_path(_repo), "hooks"));
+		git_buf_joinpath(&path, git_repository_path(g_repo), "hooks"));
 	cl_assert(git_path_isdir(git_buf_cstr(&path)));
 	/* won't confirm specific contents of hooks dir since it may vary */
 
@@ -197,9 +200,9 @@ static void assert_config_entry_on_init_bytype(
 
 	cl_set_cleanup(&cleanup_repository, "config_entry");
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&_repo, repo_path, is_bare));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, repo_path, is_bare));
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_config(&config, _repo));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_config(&config, g_repo));
 	error = git_config_get_bool(&current_value, config, config_key);
 	git_config_free(config);
 
@@ -215,7 +218,8 @@ static void assert_config_entry_on_init(
 	const char *config_key, int expected_value)
 {
 	assert_config_entry_on_init_bytype(config_key, expected_value, true);
-	git_repository_free(_repo);
+	git_repository_free(g_repo);
+	g_repo = NULL;
 
 	assert_config_entry_on_init_bytype(config_key, expected_value, false);
 }
@@ -262,10 +266,10 @@ void test_repo_init__symlinks_win32_enabled_by_global_config(void)
 	 * Create a new repository (can't use `assert_config_on_init` since we
 	 * want to examine configuration levels with more granularity.)
 	 */
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&_repo, "config_entry/test.non.bare.git", false));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "config_entry/test.non.bare.git", false));
 
 	/* Ensure that core.symlinks remains set (via the global config). */
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_config(&config, _repo));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_config(&config, g_repo));
 	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_bool(&val, config, "core.symlinks"));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(1, val);
 
@@ -278,6 +282,9 @@ void test_repo_init__symlinks_win32_enabled_by_global_config(void)
 	git_config_free(repo_config);
 
 	git_config_free(config);
+
+	git_repository_free(g_repo);
+	g_repo = NULL;
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -324,18 +331,18 @@ void test_repo_init__reinit_doesnot_overwrite_ignorecase(void)
 
 	/* Init a new repo */
 	cl_set_cleanup(&cleanup_repository, "not.overwrite.git");
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&_repo, "not.overwrite.git", 1));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "not.overwrite.git", 1));
 
 	/* Change the "core.ignorecase" config value to something unlikely */
-	git_repository_config(&config, _repo);
+	git_repository_config(&config, g_repo);
 	git_config_set_int32(config, "core.ignorecase", 42);
 	git_config_free(config);
-	git_repository_free(_repo);
-	_repo = NULL;
+	git_repository_free(g_repo);
+	g_repo = NULL;
 
 	/* Reinit the repository */
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&_repo, "not.overwrite.git", 1));
-	git_repository_config(&config, _repo);
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "not.overwrite.git", 1));
+	git_repository_config(&config, g_repo);
 
 	/* Ensure the "core.ignorecase" config value hasn't been updated */
 	cl_git_pass(git_config_get_int32(&current_value, config, "core.ignorecase"));
@@ -350,26 +357,26 @@ void test_repo_init__reinit_overwrites_filemode(void)
 
 	/* Init a new repo */
 	cl_set_cleanup(&cleanup_repository, "overwrite.git");
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&_repo, "overwrite.git", 1));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "overwrite.git", 1));
 
 	/* Change the "core.filemode" config value to something unlikely */
-	cl_repo_set_bool(_repo, "core.filemode", !expected);
+	cl_repo_set_bool(g_repo, "core.filemode", !expected);
 
-	git_repository_free(_repo);
-	_repo = NULL;
+	git_repository_free(g_repo);
+	g_repo = NULL;
 
 	/* Reinit the repository */
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&_repo, "overwrite.git", 1));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "overwrite.git", 1));
 
 	/* Ensure the "core.filemode" config value has been reset */
-	current_value = cl_repo_get_bool(_repo, "core.filemode");
+	current_value = cl_repo_get_bool(g_repo, "core.filemode");
 	cl_assert_equal_i(expected, current_value);
 }
 
 void test_repo_init__sets_logAllRefUpdates_according_to_type_of_repository(void)
 {
 	assert_config_entry_on_init_bytype("core.logallrefupdates", GIT_ENOTFOUND, true);
-	git_repository_free(_repo);
+	git_repository_free(g_repo);
 	assert_config_entry_on_init_bytype("core.logallrefupdates", true, false);
 }
 
@@ -378,16 +385,16 @@ void test_repo_init__extended_0(void)
 	git_repository_init_options opts = GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_OPTIONS_INIT;
 
 	/* without MKDIR this should fail */
-	cl_git_fail(git_repository_init_ext(&_repo, "extended", &opts));
+	cl_git_fail(git_repository_init_ext(&g_repo, "extended", &opts));
 
 	/* make the directory first, then it should succeed */
 	cl_git_pass(git_futils_mkdir("extended", 0775, 0));
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init_ext(&_repo, "extended", &opts));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init_ext(&g_repo, "extended", &opts));
 
-	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_workdir(_repo), "/extended/"));
-	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(_repo), "/extended/.git/"));
-	cl_assert(!git_repository_is_bare(_repo));
-	cl_assert(git_repository_is_empty(_repo));
+	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_workdir(g_repo), "/extended/"));
+	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(g_repo), "/extended/.git/"));
+	cl_assert(!git_repository_is_bare(g_repo));
+	cl_assert(git_repository_is_empty(g_repo));
 
 	cleanup_repository("extended");
 }
@@ -407,33 +414,33 @@ void test_repo_init__extended_1(void)
 	opts.initial_head = "development";
 	opts.origin_url = "https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2.git";
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init_ext(&_repo, "root/b/c.git", &opts));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init_ext(&g_repo, "root/b/c.git", &opts));
 
-	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_workdir(_repo), "/c_wd/"));
-	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(_repo), "/c.git/"));
+	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_workdir(g_repo), "/c_wd/"));
+	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(g_repo), "/c.git/"));
 	cl_assert(git_path_isfile("root/b/c_wd/.git"));
-	cl_assert(!git_repository_is_bare(_repo));
+	cl_assert(!git_repository_is_bare(g_repo));
 	/* repo will not be counted as empty because we set head to "development" */
-	cl_assert(!git_repository_is_empty(_repo));
+	cl_assert(!git_repository_is_empty(g_repo));
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_path_lstat(git_repository_path(_repo), &st));
+	cl_git_pass(git_path_lstat(git_repository_path(g_repo), &st));
 	cl_assert(S_ISDIR(st.st_mode));
 	if (cl_is_chmod_supported())
 		cl_assert((S_ISGID & st.st_mode) == S_ISGID);
 	else
 		cl_assert((S_ISGID & st.st_mode) == 0);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&ref, _repo, "HEAD"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&ref, g_repo, "HEAD"));
 	cl_assert(git_reference_type(ref) == GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC);
 	cl_assert_equal_s("refs/heads/development", git_reference_symbolic_target(ref));
 	git_reference_free(ref);
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_remote_lookup(&remote, _repo, "origin"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_remote_lookup(&remote, g_repo, "origin"));
 	cl_assert_equal_s("origin", git_remote_name(remote));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(opts.origin_url, git_remote_url(remote));
 	git_remote_free(remote);
 
-	git_repository_free(_repo);
+	git_repository_free(g_repo);
 	cl_fixture_cleanup("root");
 }
 
@@ -449,17 +456,17 @@ void test_repo_init__relative_gitdir(void)
 		GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_NO_DOTGIT_DIR;
 
 	/* make the directory first, then it should succeed */
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init_ext(&_repo, "root/b/my_repository", &opts));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init_ext(&g_repo, "root/b/my_repository", &opts));
 
-	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_workdir(_repo), "root/b/c_wd/"));
-	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(_repo), "root/b/my_repository/"));
-	cl_assert(!git_repository_is_bare(_repo));
-	cl_assert(git_repository_is_empty(_repo));
+	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_workdir(g_repo), "root/b/c_wd/"));
+	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(g_repo), "root/b/my_repository/"));
+	cl_assert(!git_repository_is_bare(g_repo));
+	cl_assert(git_repository_is_empty(g_repo));
 
 	/* Verify that the gitlink and worktree entries are relative */
 
 	/* Verify worktree */
-	assert_config_entry_value(_repo, "core.worktree", "../c_wd/");
+	assert_config_entry_value(g_repo, "core.worktree", "../c_wd/");
 
 	/* Verify gitlink */
 	cl_git_pass(git_futils_readbuffer(&dot_git_content, "root/b/c_wd/.git"));
@@ -485,18 +492,18 @@ void test_repo_init__relative_gitdir_2(void)
 		GIT_REPOSITORY_INIT_NO_DOTGIT_DIR;
 
 	/* make the directory first, then it should succeed */
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init_ext(&_repo, "root/b/my_repository", &opts));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init_ext(&g_repo, "root/b/my_repository", &opts));
 	git_buf_dispose(&full_path);
 
-	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_workdir(_repo), "root/b/c_wd/"));
-	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(_repo), "root/b/my_repository/"));
-	cl_assert(!git_repository_is_bare(_repo));
-	cl_assert(git_repository_is_empty(_repo));
+	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_workdir(g_repo), "root/b/c_wd/"));
+	cl_assert(!git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(g_repo), "root/b/my_repository/"));
+	cl_assert(!git_repository_is_bare(g_repo));
+	cl_assert(git_repository_is_empty(g_repo));
 
 	/* Verify that the gitlink and worktree entries are relative */
 
 	/* Verify worktree */
-	assert_config_entry_value(_repo, "core.worktree", "../c_wd/");
+	assert_config_entry_value(g_repo, "core.worktree", "../c_wd/");
 
 	/* Verify gitlink */
 	cl_git_pass(git_futils_readbuffer(&dot_git_content, "root/b/c_wd/.git"));
@@ -513,11 +520,11 @@ void test_repo_init__can_reinit_an_initialized_repository(void)
 	cl_set_cleanup(&cleanup_repository, "extended");
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_futils_mkdir("extended", 0775, 0));
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&_repo, "extended", false));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "extended", false));
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&reinit, "extended", false));
 
-	cl_assert_equal_s(git_repository_path(_repo), git_repository_path(reinit));
+	cl_assert_equal_s(git_repository_path(g_repo), git_repository_path(reinit));
 
 	git_repository_free(reinit);
 }
@@ -529,10 +536,10 @@ void test_repo_init__init_with_initial_commit(void)
 	cl_set_cleanup(&cleanup_repository, "committed");
 
 	/* Initialize the repository */
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&_repo, "committed", 0));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "committed", 0));
 
 	/* Index will be automatically created when requested for a new repo */
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_index(&index, _repo));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_index(&index, g_repo));
 
 	/* Create a file so we can commit it
 	 *
@@ -558,7 +565,7 @@ void test_repo_init__init_with_initial_commit(void)
 	/* Make sure we're ready to use git_signature_default :-) */
 	{
 		git_config *cfg, *local;
-		cl_git_pass(git_repository_config(&cfg, _repo));
+		cl_git_pass(git_repository_config(&cfg, g_repo));
 		cl_git_pass(git_config_open_level(&local, cfg, GIT_CONFIG_LEVEL_LOCAL));
 		cl_git_pass(git_config_set_string(local, "user.name", "Test User"));
 		cl_git_pass(git_config_set_string(local, "user.email", "t@example.com"));
@@ -572,12 +579,12 @@ void test_repo_init__init_with_initial_commit(void)
 		git_oid tree_id, commit_id;
 		git_tree *tree;
 
-		cl_git_pass(git_signature_default(&sig, _repo));
+		cl_git_pass(git_signature_default(&sig, g_repo));
 		cl_git_pass(git_index_write_tree(&tree_id, index));
-		cl_git_pass(git_tree_lookup(&tree, _repo, &tree_id));
+		cl_git_pass(git_tree_lookup(&tree, g_repo, &tree_id));
 
 		cl_git_pass(git_commit_create_v(
-			&commit_id, _repo, "HEAD", sig, sig,
+			&commit_id, g_repo, "HEAD", sig, sig,
 			NULL, "First", tree, 0));
 
 		git_tree_free(tree);
@@ -665,3 +672,67 @@ void test_repo_init__unwriteable_directory(void)
 	clar__skip();
 #endif
 }
+
+void test_repo_init__defaultbranch_config(void)
+{
+	git_reference *head;
+
+	cl_set_cleanup(&cleanup_repository, "repo");
+
+	create_tmp_global_config("tmp_global_path", "init.defaultbranch", "my_default_branch");
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "repo", 0));
+	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&head, g_repo, "HEAD"));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_s("refs/heads/my_default_branch", git_reference_symbolic_target(head));
+
+	git_reference_free(head);
+}
+
+void test_repo_init__defaultbranch_config_empty(void)
+{
+	git_reference *head;
+
+	cl_set_cleanup(&cleanup_repository, "repo");
+
+	create_tmp_global_config("tmp_global_path", "init.defaultbranch", "");
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&g_repo, "repo", 0));
+	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&head, g_repo, "HEAD"));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_s("refs/heads/master", git_reference_symbolic_target(head));
+
+	git_reference_free(head);
+}
+
+void test_repo_init__longpath(void)
+{
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+	size_t padding = CONST_STRLEN("objects/pack/pack-.pack.lock") + GIT_OID_HEXSZ;
+	size_t max, i;
+	git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_repository *one = NULL, *two = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Files within repositories need to fit within MAX_PATH;
+	 * that means a repo path must be at most (MAX_PATH - 18).
+	 */
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_puts(&path, clar_sandbox_path()));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_putc(&path, '/'));
+
+	max = ((MAX_PATH) - path.size) - padding;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < max - 1; i++)
+		cl_git_pass(git_buf_putc(&path, 'a'));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_init(&one, path.ptr, 1));
+
+	/* Paths longer than this are rejected */
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_putc(&path, 'z'));
+	cl_git_fail(git_repository_init(&two, path.ptr, 1));
+
+	git_repository_free(one);
+	git_repository_free(two);
+	git_buf_dispose(&path);
+#endif
+}
diff --git a/tests/repo/open.c b/tests/repo/open.c
index 448ccdc..881a23d 100644
--- a/tests/repo/open.c
+++ b/tests/repo/open.c
@@ -35,7 +35,53 @@ void test_repo_open__format_version_1(void)
 
 	git_config_free(config);
 	git_repository_free(repo);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&repo, "empty_bare.git"));
+	cl_assert(git_repository_path(repo) != NULL);
+	cl_assert(git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(repo), "/") == 0);
+	git_repository_free(repo);
+}
+
+void test_repo_open__format_version_1_with_valid_extension(void)
+{
+	git_repository *repo;
+	git_config *config;
+
+	repo = cl_git_sandbox_init("empty_bare.git");
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&repo, "empty_bare.git"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_config(&config, repo));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_set_int32(config, "core.repositoryformatversion", 1));
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_set_int32(config, "extensions.noop", 1));
+
+	git_config_free(config);
+	git_repository_free(repo);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&repo, "empty_bare.git"));
+	cl_assert(git_repository_path(repo) != NULL);
+	cl_assert(git__suffixcmp(git_repository_path(repo), "/") == 0);
+	git_repository_free(repo);
+}
+
+void test_repo_open__format_version_1_with_invalid_extension(void)
+{
+	git_repository *repo;
+	git_config *config;
+
+	repo = cl_git_sandbox_init("empty_bare.git");
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_open(&repo, "empty_bare.git"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_config(&config, repo));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_set_int32(config, "core.repositoryformatversion", 1));
+	cl_git_pass(git_config_set_int32(config, "extensions.invalid", 1));
+
+	git_config_free(config);
+	git_repository_free(repo);
+
 	cl_git_fail(git_repository_open(&repo, "empty_bare.git"));
+	git_repository_free(repo);
 }
 
 void test_repo_open__standard_empty_repo_through_gitdir(void)
diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/1d/81379086fd6d91ee027e883cf6f4703a107dfb b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/1d/81379086fd6d91ee027e883cf6f4703a107dfb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a35dd56
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/34/73c3e21e76492d09b80b7c75569edc275dffcf b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/34/73c3e21e76492d09b80b7c75569edc275dffcf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..887deff
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/40/fcae7fb84378fdb037dc6a3ccbb33669c3f26d b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/40/fcae7fb84378fdb037dc6a3ccbb33669c3f26d
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index 0000000..27fc76b
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/46/ef45f4ae55c1f5dca64b9e1d7ca77c1798069b b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/46/ef45f4ae55c1f5dca64b9e1d7ca77c1798069b
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..487ac57
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/4b/0ca755f5bfd69ed6074f268b05bb0542a42c68 b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/4b/0ca755f5bfd69ed6074f268b05bb0542a42c68
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..698f5b1
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/4d/8400b7ce2d15ef5045c2775ed33e82a326786e b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/4d/8400b7ce2d15ef5045c2775ed33e82a326786e
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e754df
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/6b/52ee554131a5e7bacd15553fbd22408c5a8a6f b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/6b/52ee554131a5e7bacd15553fbd22408c5a8a6f
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b53aa04
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/70/2c7aa5250abc42be69ef78ee8fa47a346cb2ce b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/70/2c7aa5250abc42be69ef78ee8fa47a346cb2ce
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f6f2da
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/77/c796837eb003c81d2cd8a6577ef4e7edc61222 b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/77/c796837eb003c81d2cd8a6577ef4e7edc61222
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae5f740
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/7e/135d94af53b6c5edbae6a77df8a0f09375e823 b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/7e/135d94af53b6c5edbae6a77df8a0f09375e823
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b374ed1
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/83/6bc00b06cb60eb0f629e237ad2b58adb2cfc7e b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/83/6bc00b06cb60eb0f629e237ad2b58adb2cfc7e
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71f9c98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/83/6bc00b06cb60eb0f629e237ad2b58adb2cfc7e
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+xK
+1D]çÙÍB$ODÁ{¤{:Œà¢Oï€Ì¬Õ£àA·y¾uíìú"¢RA‘ˆÌ4Ö1„œØf/‰Å“]UϲȣëÔêX
+ŒM¬ÖÈ–,–sFc8©òêS[ô}⩼å£78p›OÚ„.%§÷fZÛua—\uùÝ®ƒú’JF€
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/92/5bddd7a536a66eecb32faa41abd5bc9c192311 b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/92/5bddd7a536a66eecb32faa41abd5bc9c192311
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aba34fa
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/a3/4ead35680be7b9704fc4c6d750d182e228e02b b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/a3/4ead35680be7b9704fc4c6d750d182e228e02b
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..121934e
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/a4/641ad869ffad601aa8347e0770e949bb6d90df b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/a4/641ad869ffad601aa8347e0770e949bb6d90df
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index 0000000..e54827c
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/a8/ba8436b5d8ccbdfd5be597c194e7bb8e0a092f b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/a8/ba8436b5d8ccbdfd5be597c194e7bb8e0a092f
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0bab0ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/a8/ba8436b5d8ccbdfd5be597c194e7bb8e0a092f
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+x+)JMU04¶`040031QHÔ+©(aàÙµåJü5¹Ð…'3ëçÏÙP%ô0Ī 	¬à½Ñ}_ՉΓÍE{þ4ºÙ©œrª -3'¬æ§šý^ÃuUÛ'Ëݘ’¿aÝn®ÏP5¥é5÷æ?ŽŸÉöp¦‡ÍÑ9íÊÚ_$*£Û\9ˆ
\ No newline at end of file
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new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4610c26
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/c3/8d3c99946b74173f9b037279f07d505195563f b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/c3/8d3c99946b74173f9b037279f07d505195563f
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..04fd9cc
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/c4/c13c153a611418325c70d6e630fed373546c4d b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/c4/c13c153a611418325c70d6e630fed373546c4d
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index 0000000..ba52060
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/d2/bc4f27cbb72260eeec350087d81a60a122efe9 b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/d2/bc4f27cbb72260eeec350087d81a60a122efe9
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4d6c6d
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/d3/c7316f0075debfe53b25e58f56b0a4b46e18c3 b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/d3/c7316f0075debfe53b25e58f56b0a4b46e18c3
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73f00ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/d3/c7316f0075debfe53b25e58f56b0a4b46e18c3
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
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\ÃÁΰ¥0òµßœè¼Ý[–$Y‘¤Rï4Mß«Ë9?ò¶{·–·äÙ.µÅ)æuià>$¥9{ÿs
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/d6/7268771ef5244f4aa224df29d4e4ae0bed2fd8 b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/d6/7268771ef5244f4aa224df29d4e4ae0bed2fd8
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new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f3e52be
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new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1c0f00
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/f0/5190494260c2f6b6d045ac9bf27cb6d7e0abcc b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/f0/5190494260c2f6b6d045ac9bf27cb6d7e0abcc
new file mode 100644
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index 0000000..942a7ee
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/fa/01940156471352d5483b4f26b7c849dfaa7eef b/tests/resources/blametest.git/objects/fa/01940156471352d5483b4f26b7c849dfaa7eef
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b392e44
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diff --git a/tests/resources/blametest.git/refs/heads/master b/tests/resources/blametest.git/refs/heads/master
index d1bc4ca..9d17158 100644
--- a/tests/resources/blametest.git/refs/heads/master
+++ b/tests/resources/blametest.git/refs/heads/master
@@ -1 +1 @@
-6653ff42313eb5c82806f145391b18a9699800c7
+d93e87a0863c7ec5e772f99e72ca9efddf0ca718
diff --git a/tests/resources/config/config12 b/tests/resources/config/config12
index 6917880..2e92762 100644
--- a/tests/resources/config/config12
+++ b/tests/resources/config/config12
@@ -11,3 +11,13 @@ and other stuff !@#"
 multiline comment # with ;\n special chars \
 and other stuff !@#"  #^^^
       back = "this is \ba phrase"
+      dollar = some $sign
+      multiquotes = !ls  "x" \
+                    ls  "# comment2" \
+                    $HOME
+      multiquotes2 = !ls  "x" \
+                     ls  "\"# comment2" \
+                     $HOME\"
+     multiquotes3 = hi "# ho" there "are #" more \
+quotes
+     quotecomment = hi "# ho" there "are #" more # and a real comment
diff --git a/tests/resources/crlf.git/objects/05/5c8729cdcc372500a08db659c045e16c4409fb b/tests/resources/crlf.git/objects/05/5c8729cdcc372500a08db659c045e16c4409fb
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diff --git a/tests/resources/crlf.git/objects/44/b0be18671a284f1156117b6338edac2663341c b/tests/resources/crlf.git/objects/44/b0be18671a284f1156117b6338edac2663341c
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diff --git a/tests/resources/crlf.git/objects/55/1b8fce462bba005ab6d34a2244d8a3f6b03dd0 b/tests/resources/crlf.git/objects/55/1b8fce462bba005ab6d34a2244d8a3f6b03dd0
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7501c88
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diff --git a/tests/resources/crlf.git/objects/b8/986fec0f7bde90f78ac72706e782d82f24f2f0 b/tests/resources/crlf.git/objects/b8/986fec0f7bde90f78ac72706e782d82f24f2f0
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d745d20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/resources/crlf.git/objects/b8/986fec0f7bde90f78ac72706e782d82f24f2f0
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+x¥M
+Â0…]çs%3ÓDtá
¼À$™bÁ6¥F¼¾Q¼»÷ï¥2McònSWU`Ž6*ö¾C¡žĽGì¢w®×,‰|SŒÉ,²ê\‰¦à˜Ù#‹ôYö®8t);
qÈÁȳÞÊ
+—ü’5ÃõV¦G™á -ý¨“~‹ŸÛ¥2=ù`ÑÁÖ²µ¦¥mlÕ?1æœ3Ècn¶
ºHã]aïjÞ@U
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/resources/crlf.git/refs/heads/ident b/tests/resources/crlf.git/refs/heads/ident
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8732f0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/resources/crlf.git/refs/heads/ident
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+b8986fec0f7bde90f78ac72706e782d82f24f2f0
diff --git a/tests/resources/crlf.git/refs/heads/no-ident b/tests/resources/crlf.git/refs/heads/no-ident
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa9a673
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/resources/crlf.git/refs/heads/no-ident
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+1ec507638b806aba45d6142082885f2a9e88322d
diff --git a/tests/resources/merge-recursive/.gitted/objects/info/commit-graph b/tests/resources/merge-recursive/.gitted/objects/info/commit-graph
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da055f1
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/resources/merge-recursive/.gitted/objects/info/commit-graph differ
diff --git a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/ORIG_HEAD b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/ORIG_HEAD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..642c319
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/ORIG_HEAD
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+19dd32dfb1520a64e5bbaae8dce6ef423dfa2f13
diff --git a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/index b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/index
index 72363c0..5882a8d 100644
Binary files a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/index and b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/index differ
diff --git a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/logs/HEAD b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/logs/HEAD
index e697922..e6da678 100644
--- a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/logs/HEAD
+++ b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/logs/HEAD
@@ -2,3 +2,8 @@
 31e47d8c1fa36d7f8d537b96158e3f024de0a9f2 2bc7f351d20b53f1c72c16c4b036e491c478c49a Russell Belfer <rb@github.com> 1351024817 -0700	commit: copy and rename with no change
 2bc7f351d20b53f1c72c16c4b036e491c478c49a 1c068dee5790ef1580cfc4cd670915b48d790084 Russell Belfer <rb@github.com> 1361485758 -0800	commit: rewrites, copies with changes, etc.
 1c068dee5790ef1580cfc4cd670915b48d790084 19dd32dfb1520a64e5bbaae8dce6ef423dfa2f13 Russell Belfer <rb@github.com> 1361486360 -0800	commit: more renames and smallish modifications
+19dd32dfb1520a64e5bbaae8dce6ef423dfa2f13 31e47d8c1fa36d7f8d537b96158e3f024de0a9f2 Kartikaya Gupta <kats@pancake.staktrace.com> 1618486966 -0400	checkout: moving from master to break_rewrite
+31e47d8c1fa36d7f8d537b96158e3f024de0a9f2 db98035f715427eef1f5e17f03e1801c05301e9e Kartikaya Gupta <kats@pancake.staktrace.com> 1618487039 -0400	commit: This test needs to start with a minimum of four files
+db98035f715427eef1f5e17f03e1801c05301e9e 7e7bfb88ba9bc65fd700fee1819cf1c317aafa56 Kartikaya Gupta <kats@pancake.staktrace.com> 1618487097 -0400	commit: Copy/modify files around
+7e7bfb88ba9bc65fd700fee1819cf1c317aafa56 19dd32dfb1520a64e5bbaae8dce6ef423dfa2f13 Kartikaya Gupta <kats@pancake.staktrace.com> 1618487105 -0400	checkout: moving from break_rewrite to master
+19dd32dfb1520a64e5bbaae8dce6ef423dfa2f13 19dd32dfb1520a64e5bbaae8dce6ef423dfa2f13 Kartikaya Gupta <kats@pancake.staktrace.com> 1618487271 -0400	reset: moving to HEAD
diff --git a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/41/2a2eaf2c13103ea976b3b02c17abee7a358432 b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/41/2a2eaf2c13103ea976b3b02c17abee7a358432
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0d3334
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/41/2a2eaf2c13103ea976b3b02c17abee7a358432 differ
diff --git a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/5a/71babaaac78a758b52576a60cea3c218c8b546 b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/5a/71babaaac78a758b52576a60cea3c218c8b546
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e685bfa
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/5a/71babaaac78a758b52576a60cea3c218c8b546 differ
diff --git a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/7e/7bfb88ba9bc65fd700fee1819cf1c317aafa56 b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/7e/7bfb88ba9bc65fd700fee1819cf1c317aafa56
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e53c843
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/7e/7bfb88ba9bc65fd700fee1819cf1c317aafa56
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+x¥ŽKn„0³ö)ú™éö)Š"e1‹9EcÚ
+bÀÈ4nî0ËWR•^®Ë2)ØŽ>´‰€'ËV¸ØLŽÐ	÷±܀׎<ˆDv!ygÍÆMV…qèºP"o£H¡„b¹TJHƒC’^úW<¹é4óÉð86eøšY÷Ÿ×̳ÜvåYg¹åº|u”|ŠØGøDh.z½Uy·c~ëvÞ—:Nå„2½dnõXGó©T´
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/bf/102db0c9c0c1513909a90e0611b5dddfc87c93 b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/bf/102db0c9c0c1513909a90e0611b5dddfc87c93
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69ddd68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/bf/102db0c9c0c1513909a90e0611b5dddfc87c93
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+x+)JMU042a040031Qpttd83ƒÿ×Ñ–fÓ®œ-°[yéï³ÚËéPi'''†¨Â]»Vï*í
+ÏJ8·øĉ­nPiggg†×›·¯—U=á©«Ÿ”¡vR%bû¹¿	Pi¬º¼:6Ž
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/cc/980ffac5f1393696d4cd703ea9d2fde67dd367 b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/cc/980ffac5f1393696d4cd703ea9d2fde67dd367
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac7a005
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/cc/980ffac5f1393696d4cd703ea9d2fde67dd367 differ
diff --git a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/db/98035f715427eef1f5e17f03e1801c05301e9e b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/db/98035f715427eef1f5e17f03e1801c05301e9e
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..48bc2e1
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/db/98035f715427eef1f5e17f03e1801c05301e9e differ
diff --git a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/eb/b3b7af1d25c8492d2f626826c92458b7cefd60 b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/eb/b3b7af1d25c8492d2f626826c92458b7cefd60
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..813e7ad
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/eb/b3b7af1d25c8492d2f626826c92458b7cefd60 differ
diff --git a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/ed/2a95c4a6c295b9afcea50baff63ec544ccf600 b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/ed/2a95c4a6c295b9afcea50baff63ec544ccf600
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4f439e2
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/ed/2a95c4a6c295b9afcea50baff63ec544ccf600 differ
diff --git a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/f6/7e2f70efe89665e829ea0d77c46965ad1307e4 b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/f6/7e2f70efe89665e829ea0d77c46965ad1307e4
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1cad213
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/objects/f6/7e2f70efe89665e829ea0d77c46965ad1307e4 differ
diff --git a/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/refs/heads/break_rewrite b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/refs/heads/break_rewrite
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d170915
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/resources/renames/.gitted/refs/heads/break_rewrite
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+7e7bfb88ba9bc65fd700fee1819cf1c317aafa56
diff --git a/tests/resources/testrepo.git/objects/info/commit-graph b/tests/resources/testrepo.git/objects/info/commit-graph
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ef31d8
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/resources/testrepo.git/objects/info/commit-graph differ
diff --git a/tests/resources/testrepo.git/objects/pack/multi-pack-index b/tests/resources/testrepo.git/objects/pack/multi-pack-index
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95102ae
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/resources/testrepo.git/objects/pack/multi-pack-index differ
diff --git a/tests/revwalk/basic.c b/tests/revwalk/basic.c
index ee70ec6..2c8d885 100644
--- a/tests/revwalk/basic.c
+++ b/tests/revwalk/basic.c
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ void test_revwalk_basic__big_timestamp(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_peel((git_object **) &tip, head, GIT_OBJECT_COMMIT));
 
 	/* Commit with a far-ahead timestamp, we should be able to parse it in the revwalk */
-	cl_git_pass(git_signature_new(&sig, "Joe", "joe@example.com", 2399662595ll, 0));
+	cl_git_pass(git_signature_new(&sig, "Joe", "joe@example.com", INT64_C(2399662595), 0));
 	cl_git_pass(git_commit_tree(&tree, tip));
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_commit_create(&id, _repo, "HEAD", sig, sig, NULL, "some message", tree, 1,
diff --git a/tests/status/status_helpers.h b/tests/status/status_helpers.h
index 242076c..464266a 100644
--- a/tests/status/status_helpers.h
+++ b/tests/status/status_helpers.h
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ typedef struct {
 	const char** expected_paths;
 	int expected_entry_count;
 	const char *file;
+	const char *func;
 	int line;
 	bool debug;
 } status_entry_counts;
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ typedef struct {
 	(counts).expected_statuses = (statuses); \
 	(counts).expected_paths = (paths); \
 	(counts).file = __FILE__; \
+	(counts).func = __func__; \
 	(counts).line = __LINE__; \
 	} while (0)
 
diff --git a/tests/status/submodules.c b/tests/status/submodules.c
index 12edce2..38a3947 100644
--- a/tests/status/submodules.c
+++ b/tests/status/submodules.c
@@ -71,12 +71,12 @@ static int cb_status__match(const char *p, unsigned int s, void *payload)
 	int idx = counts->entry_count++;
 
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		counts->file, counts->line,
+		counts->file, counts->func, counts->line,
 		"Status path mismatch", 1,
 		"%s", counts->expected_paths[idx], p);
 
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		counts->file, counts->line,
+		counts->file, counts->func, counts->line,
 		"Status code mismatch", 1,
 		"%o", counts->expected_statuses[idx], s);
 
diff --git a/tests/status/worktree.c b/tests/status/worktree.c
index 7711b2d..d9fce44 100644
--- a/tests/status/worktree.c
+++ b/tests/status/worktree.c
@@ -605,6 +605,45 @@ void test_status_worktree__filemode_changes(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, counts.wrong_sorted_path);
 }
 
+void test_status_worktree__filemode_non755(void)
+{
+	git_repository *repo = cl_git_sandbox_init("filemodes");
+	status_entry_counts counts;
+	git_status_options opts = GIT_STATUS_OPTIONS_INIT;
+	git_buf executable_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	git_buf nonexecutable_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!cl_is_chmod_supported())
+		return;
+
+	opts.flags = GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_UNTRACKED |
+		GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_IGNORED |
+		GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_UNMODIFIED;
+
+	git_buf_joinpath(&executable_path, git_repository_workdir(repo), "exec_on");
+	cl_must_pass(p_chmod(git_buf_cstr(&executable_path), 0744));
+	git_buf_dispose(&executable_path);
+
+	git_buf_joinpath(&nonexecutable_path, git_repository_workdir(repo), "exec_off");
+
+	cl_must_pass(p_chmod(git_buf_cstr(&nonexecutable_path), 0655));
+	git_buf_dispose(&nonexecutable_path);
+
+	memset(&counts, 0, sizeof(counts));
+	counts.expected_entry_count = filemode_count;
+	counts.expected_paths = filemode_paths;
+	counts.expected_statuses = filemode_statuses;
+
+	cl_git_pass(
+		git_status_foreach_ext(repo, &opts, cb_status__normal, &counts)
+	);
+
+	cl_assert_equal_i(counts.expected_entry_count, counts.entry_count);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, counts.wrong_status_flags_count);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, counts.wrong_sorted_path);
+}
+
+
 static int cb_status__interrupt(const char *p, unsigned int s, void *payload)
 {
 	volatile int *count = (int *)payload;
@@ -949,7 +988,7 @@ void test_status_worktree__sorting_by_case(void)
 
 void test_status_worktree__long_filenames(void)
 {
-	char path[260*4+1];
+	char path[260*4+1] = {0};
 	const char *expected_paths[] = {path};
 	const unsigned int expected_statuses[] = {GIT_STATUS_WT_NEW};
 
diff --git a/tests/stream/deprecated.c b/tests/stream/deprecated.c
index 2c2bbfd..fecd1be 100644
--- a/tests/stream/deprecated.c
+++ b/tests/stream/deprecated.c
@@ -1,19 +1,18 @@
-#undef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
-
 #include "clar_libgit2.h"
 #include "git2/sys/stream.h"
 #include "streams/tls.h"
 #include "streams/socket.h"
 #include "stream.h"
 
-static git_stream test_stream;
-static int ctor_called;
-
 void test_stream_deprecated__cleanup(void)
 {
 	cl_git_pass(git_stream_register(GIT_STREAM_TLS | GIT_STREAM_STANDARD, NULL));
 }
 
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
+static git_stream test_stream;
+static int ctor_called;
+
 static int test_stream_init(git_stream **out, const char *host, const char *port)
 {
 	GIT_UNUSED(host);
@@ -24,9 +23,11 @@ static int test_stream_init(git_stream **out, const char *host, const char *port
 
 	return 0;
 }
+#endif
 
 void test_stream_deprecated__register_tls(void)
 {
+#ifndef GIT_DEPRECATE_HARD
 	git_stream *stream;
 	int error;
 
@@ -55,4 +56,5 @@ void test_stream_deprecated__register_tls(void)
 	cl_assert(&test_stream != stream);
 
 	git_stream_free(stream);
+#endif
 }
diff --git a/tests/submodule/add.c b/tests/submodule/add.c
index f4d1e3b..fc458f8 100644
--- a/tests/submodule/add.c
+++ b/tests/submodule/add.c
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ void test_submodule_add__url_relative(void)
 	/* make sure we don't default to origin - rename origin -> test_remote */
 	cl_git_pass(git_remote_rename(&problems, g_repo, "origin", "test_remote"));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, problems.count);
-	git_strarray_free(&problems);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&problems);
 	cl_git_fail(git_remote_lookup(&remote, g_repo, "origin"));
 
 	cl_git_pass(
diff --git a/tests/submodule/lookup.c b/tests/submodule/lookup.c
index 6f7506d..f49ebb4 100644
--- a/tests/submodule/lookup.c
+++ b/tests/submodule/lookup.c
@@ -42,6 +42,46 @@ void test_submodule_lookup__simple_lookup(void)
 	assert_submodule_exists(g_repo, "sm_added_and_uncommited/");
 }
 
+void test_submodule_lookup__can_be_dupped(void)
+{
+	git_submodule *sm;
+	git_submodule *sm_duplicate;
+	const char *oid = "480095882d281ed676fe5b863569520e54a7d5c0";
+
+	/* Check original */
+	cl_git_pass(git_submodule_lookup(&sm, g_repo, "sm_unchanged"));
+	cl_assert(git_submodule_owner(sm) == g_repo);
+	cl_assert_equal_s("sm_unchanged", git_submodule_name(sm));
+	cl_assert(git__suffixcmp(git_submodule_path(sm), "sm_unchanged") == 0);
+	cl_assert(git__suffixcmp(git_submodule_url(sm), "/submod2_target") == 0);
+
+	cl_assert(git_oid_streq(git_submodule_index_id(sm), oid) == 0);
+	cl_assert(git_oid_streq(git_submodule_head_id(sm), oid) == 0);
+	cl_assert(git_oid_streq(git_submodule_wd_id(sm), oid) == 0);
+
+	cl_assert(git_submodule_ignore(sm) == GIT_SUBMODULE_IGNORE_NONE);
+	cl_assert(git_submodule_update_strategy(sm) == GIT_SUBMODULE_UPDATE_CHECKOUT);
+
+	/* Duplicate and free original */
+	cl_assert(git_submodule_dup(&sm_duplicate, sm) == 0);
+	git_submodule_free(sm);
+
+	/* Check duplicate */
+	cl_assert(git_submodule_owner(sm_duplicate) == g_repo);
+	cl_assert_equal_s("sm_unchanged", git_submodule_name(sm_duplicate));
+	cl_assert(git__suffixcmp(git_submodule_path(sm_duplicate), "sm_unchanged") == 0);
+	cl_assert(git__suffixcmp(git_submodule_url(sm_duplicate), "/submod2_target") == 0);
+
+	cl_assert(git_oid_streq(git_submodule_index_id(sm_duplicate), oid) == 0);
+	cl_assert(git_oid_streq(git_submodule_head_id(sm_duplicate), oid) == 0);
+	cl_assert(git_oid_streq(git_submodule_wd_id(sm_duplicate), oid) == 0);
+
+	cl_assert(git_submodule_ignore(sm_duplicate) == GIT_SUBMODULE_IGNORE_NONE);
+	cl_assert(git_submodule_update_strategy(sm_duplicate) == GIT_SUBMODULE_UPDATE_CHECKOUT);
+
+	git_submodule_free(sm_duplicate);
+}
+
 void test_submodule_lookup__accessors(void)
 {
 	git_submodule *sm;
diff --git a/tests/submodule/submodule_helpers.c b/tests/submodule/submodule_helpers.c
index 4bb0648..1d47596 100644
--- a/tests/submodule/submodule_helpers.c
+++ b/tests/submodule/submodule_helpers.c
@@ -199,22 +199,22 @@ git_repository *setup_fixture_submodule_with_path(void)
 
 void assert__submodule_exists(
 	git_repository *repo, const char *name,
-	const char *msg, const char *file, int line)
+	const char *msg, const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	git_submodule *sm;
 	int error = git_submodule_lookup(&sm, repo, name);
 	if (error)
-		cl_git_report_failure(error, 0, file, line, msg);
-	cl_assert_at_line(sm != NULL, file, line);
+		cl_git_report_failure(error, 0, file, func, line, msg);
+	cl_assert_at_line(sm != NULL, file, func, line);
 	git_submodule_free(sm);
 }
 
 void refute__submodule_exists(
 	git_repository *repo, const char *name, int expected_error,
-	const char *msg, const char *file, int line)
+	const char *msg, const char *file, const char *func, int line)
 {
 	clar__assert_equal(
-		file, line, msg, 1, "%i",
+		file, func, line, msg, 1, "%i",
 		expected_error, (int)(git_submodule_lookup(NULL, repo, name)));
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/submodule/submodule_helpers.h b/tests/submodule/submodule_helpers.h
index d112b0c..3c3f062 100644
--- a/tests/submodule/submodule_helpers.h
+++ b/tests/submodule/submodule_helpers.h
@@ -10,16 +10,16 @@ extern git_repository *setup_fixture_submodule_with_path(void);
 
 extern unsigned int get_submodule_status(git_repository *, const char *);
 
-extern void assert__submodule_exists(
-	git_repository *, const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
+extern void assert__submodule_exists(git_repository *, const char *,
+	const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
 
 #define assert_submodule_exists(repo,name)								\
-	assert__submodule_exists(repo, name, "git_submodule_lookup(" #name ") failed", __FILE__, __LINE__)
+	assert__submodule_exists(repo, name, "git_submodule_lookup(" #name ") failed", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 
-extern void refute__submodule_exists(
-	git_repository *, const char *, int err, const char *, const char *, int);
+extern void refute__submodule_exists(git_repository *, const char *,
+	int err, const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
 
 #define refute_submodule_exists(repo,name,code) \
-	refute__submodule_exists(repo, name, code, "expected git_submodule_lookup(" #name ") to fail with error " #code, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+	refute__submodule_exists(repo, name, code, "expected git_submodule_lookup(" #name ") to fail with error " #code, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
 
 extern void dump_submodules(git_repository *repo);
diff --git a/tests/threads/atomic.c b/tests/threads/atomic.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d04a77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/threads/atomic.c
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+#include "clar_libgit2.h"
+
+void test_threads_atomic__atomic32_set(void)
+{
+	git_atomic32 v = {0};
+	git_atomic32_set(&v, 1);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(v.val, 1);
+}
+
+void test_threads_atomic__atomic32_get(void)
+{
+	git_atomic32 v = {1};
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_atomic32_get(&v), 1);
+}
+
+void test_threads_atomic__atomic32_inc(void)
+{
+	git_atomic32 v = {0};
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_atomic32_inc(&v), 1);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(v.val, 1);
+}
+
+void test_threads_atomic__atomic32_add(void)
+{
+	git_atomic32 v = {0};
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_atomic32_add(&v, 1), 1);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(v.val, 1);
+}
+
+void test_threads_atomic__atomic32_dec(void)
+{
+	git_atomic32 v = {1};
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_atomic32_dec(&v), 0);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(v.val, 0);
+}
+
+void test_threads_atomic__atomic64_set(void)
+{
+#ifndef GIT_ARCH_64
+	cl_skip();
+#else
+	git_atomic64 v = {0};
+	git_atomic64_set(&v, 1);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(v.val, 1);
+#endif
+}
+
+void test_threads_atomic__atomic64_get(void)
+{
+#ifndef GIT_ARCH_64
+	cl_skip();
+#else
+	git_atomic64 v = {1};
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_atomic64_get(&v), 1);
+#endif
+}
+
+void test_threads_atomic__atomic64_add(void)
+{
+#ifndef GIT_ARCH_64
+	cl_skip();
+#else
+	git_atomic64 v = {0};
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_atomic64_add(&v, 1), 1);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(v.val, 1);
+#endif
+}
+
+void test_threads_atomic__cas_pointer(void)
+{
+	int *value = NULL;
+	int newvalue1 = 1, newvalue2 = 2;
+
+	/* value is updated */
+	cl_assert_equal_p(git_atomic_compare_and_swap(&value, NULL, &newvalue1), NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(value, &newvalue1);
+
+	/* value is not updated */
+	cl_assert_equal_p(git_atomic_compare_and_swap(&value, NULL, &newvalue2), &newvalue1);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(value, &newvalue1);
+}
+
+void test_threads_atomic__cas_intptr(void)
+{
+	intptr_t value = 0;
+	intptr_t oldvalue;
+	intptr_t newvalue;
+
+	/* value is updated */
+	oldvalue = 0;
+	newvalue = 1;
+	cl_assert_equal_i((intptr_t)git_atomic_compare_and_swap(&value, (void *)oldvalue, (void *)newvalue), 0);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(value, 1);
+
+	/* value is not updated */
+	oldvalue = 0;
+	newvalue = 2;
+	cl_assert_equal_i((intptr_t)git_atomic_compare_and_swap(&value, (void *)oldvalue, (void *)newvalue), 1);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(value, 1);
+}
+
+void test_threads_atomic__swap(void)
+{
+	int *value = NULL;
+	int newvalue = 1;
+
+	cl_assert_equal_p(git_atomic_swap(value, &newvalue), NULL);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(value, &newvalue);
+
+	cl_assert_equal_p(git_atomic_swap(value, NULL), &newvalue);
+	cl_assert_equal_p(value, NULL);
+}
+
+void test_threads_atomic__load_ptr(void)
+{
+	int value = 1;
+	int *ptr = &value;
+	cl_assert_equal_p(git_atomic_load(ptr), &value);
+}
+
+void test_threads_atomic__load_intptr(void)
+{
+	intptr_t value = 1;
+	cl_assert_equal_i((intptr_t)git_atomic_load(value), 1);
+}
diff --git a/tests/threads/basic.c b/tests/threads/basic.c
index ed4fd2f..2d7ddc2 100644
--- a/tests/threads/basic.c
+++ b/tests/threads/basic.c
@@ -54,6 +54,12 @@ static void *return_normally(void *param)
 {
 	return param;
 }
+
+static void *exit_abruptly(void *param)
+{
+	git_thread_exit(param);
+	return NULL;
+}
 #endif
 
 void test_threads_basic__exit(void)
@@ -70,7 +76,7 @@ void test_threads_basic__exit(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_sz(424242, (size_t)result);
 
 	/* Ensure that the return value of `git_thread_exit` is returned. */
-	cl_git_pass(git_thread_create(&thread, return_normally, (void *)232323));
+	cl_git_pass(git_thread_create(&thread, exit_abruptly, (void *)232323));
 	cl_git_pass(git_thread_join(&thread, &result));
 	cl_assert_equal_sz(232323, (size_t)result);
 #endif
diff --git a/tests/threads/diff.c b/tests/threads/diff.c
index 6996427..04c8cb9 100644
--- a/tests/threads/diff.c
+++ b/tests/threads/diff.c
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 static git_repository *_repo;
 static git_tree *_a, *_b;
-static git_atomic _counts[4];
+static git_atomic32 _counts[4];
 static int _check_counts;
 #ifdef GIT_WIN32
 static int _retries;
@@ -66,10 +66,10 @@ static void free_trees(void)
 	git_tree_free(_b); _b = NULL;
 
 	if (_check_counts) {
-		cl_assert_equal_i(288, git_atomic_get(&_counts[0]));
-		cl_assert_equal_i(112, git_atomic_get(&_counts[1]));
-		cl_assert_equal_i( 80, git_atomic_get(&_counts[2]));
-		cl_assert_equal_i( 96, git_atomic_get(&_counts[3]));
+		cl_assert_equal_i(288, git_atomic32_get(&_counts[0]));
+		cl_assert_equal_i(112, git_atomic32_get(&_counts[1]));
+		cl_assert_equal_i( 80, git_atomic32_get(&_counts[2]));
+		cl_assert_equal_i( 96, git_atomic32_get(&_counts[3]));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -107,14 +107,14 @@ static void *run_index_diffs(void *arg)
 	/* keep some diff stats to make sure results are as expected */
 
 	i = git_diff_num_deltas(diff);
-	git_atomic_add(&_counts[0], (int32_t)i);
+	git_atomic32_add(&_counts[0], (int32_t)i);
 	exp[0] = (int)i;
 
 	while (i > 0) {
 		switch (git_diff_get_delta(diff, --i)->status) {
-		case GIT_DELTA_MODIFIED: exp[1]++; git_atomic_inc(&_counts[1]); break;
-		case GIT_DELTA_ADDED:    exp[2]++; git_atomic_inc(&_counts[2]); break;
-		case GIT_DELTA_DELETED:  exp[3]++; git_atomic_inc(&_counts[3]); break;
+		case GIT_DELTA_MODIFIED: exp[1]++; git_atomic32_inc(&_counts[1]); break;
+		case GIT_DELTA_ADDED:    exp[2]++; git_atomic32_inc(&_counts[2]); break;
+		case GIT_DELTA_DELETED:  exp[3]++; git_atomic32_inc(&_counts[3]); break;
 		default: break;
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/tests/threads/thread_helpers.h b/tests/threads/thread_helpers.h
index 3c13cfb..0f23a4c 100644
--- a/tests/threads/thread_helpers.h
+++ b/tests/threads/thread_helpers.h
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#include "thread-utils.h"
+#include "thread.h"
 
 void run_in_parallel(
 	int repeats,
diff --git a/tests/threads/tlsdata.c b/tests/threads/tlsdata.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c69b44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/threads/tlsdata.c
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#include "clar_libgit2.h"
+
+#include "thread_helpers.h"
+
+void test_threads_tlsdata__can_set_and_get(void)
+{
+	git_tlsdata_key key_one, key_two, key_three;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_tlsdata_init(&key_one, NULL));
+	cl_git_pass(git_tlsdata_init(&key_two, NULL));
+	cl_git_pass(git_tlsdata_init(&key_three, NULL));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_tlsdata_set(key_one, (void *)(size_t)42424242));
+	cl_git_pass(git_tlsdata_set(key_two, (void *)(size_t)0xdeadbeef));
+	cl_git_pass(git_tlsdata_set(key_three, (void *)(size_t)98761234));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_sz((size_t)42424242, git_tlsdata_get(key_one));
+	cl_assert_equal_sz((size_t)0xdeadbeef, git_tlsdata_get(key_two));
+	cl_assert_equal_sz((size_t)98761234, git_tlsdata_get(key_three));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_tlsdata_dispose(key_one));
+	cl_git_pass(git_tlsdata_dispose(key_two));
+	cl_git_pass(git_tlsdata_dispose(key_three));
+}
+
+#ifdef GIT_THREADS
+
+static void *set_and_get(void *param)
+{
+	git_tlsdata_key *tlsdata_key = (git_tlsdata_key *)param;
+	int val;
+
+	if (git_tlsdata_set(*tlsdata_key, &val) != 0 ||
+	    git_tlsdata_get(*tlsdata_key) != &val)
+		return (void *)0;
+
+	return (void *)1;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#define THREAD_COUNT 10
+
+void test_threads_tlsdata__threads(void)
+{
+#ifdef GIT_THREADS
+	git_thread thread[THREAD_COUNT];
+	git_tlsdata_key tlsdata;
+	int i;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_tlsdata_init(&tlsdata, NULL));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < THREAD_COUNT; i++)
+		cl_git_pass(git_thread_create(&thread[i], set_and_get, &tlsdata));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < THREAD_COUNT; i++) {
+		void *result;
+
+		cl_git_pass(git_thread_join(&thread[i], &result));
+		cl_assert_equal_sz(1, (size_t)result);
+	}
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_tlsdata_dispose(tlsdata));
+#endif
+}
diff --git a/tests/trace/windows/stacktrace.c b/tests/trace/windows/stacktrace.c
index 756ac68..0a77ef9 100644
--- a/tests/trace/windows/stacktrace.c
+++ b/tests/trace/windows/stacktrace.c
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 #include "clar_libgit2.h"
-#include "win32/w32_stack.h"
-#include "win32/w32_crtdbg_stacktrace.h"
+#include "win32/w32_leakcheck.h"
 
-#if defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK)
 static void a(void)
 {
 	char buf[10000];
 
-	cl_assert(git_win32__stack(buf, sizeof(buf), 0, NULL, NULL) == 0);
+	cl_assert(git_win32_leakcheck_stack(buf, sizeof(buf), 0, NULL, NULL) == 0);
 
 #if 0
 	fprintf(stderr, "Stacktrace from [%s:%d]:\n%s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, buf);
@@ -27,7 +26,7 @@ static void c(void)
 
 void test_trace_windows_stacktrace__basic(void)
 {
-#if defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK)
 	c();
 #endif
 }
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ void test_trace_windows_stacktrace__basic(void)
 
 void test_trace_windows_stacktrace__leaks(void)
 {
-#if defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK)
 	void * p1;
 	void * p2;
 	void * p3;
@@ -47,84 +46,85 @@ void test_trace_windows_stacktrace__leaks(void)
 	/* remember outstanding leaks due to set setup
 	 * and set mark/checkpoint.
 	 */
-	before = git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__QUIET |
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_TOTAL |
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__SET_MARK,
+	before = git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_dump(
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_QUIET |
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_TOTAL |
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_SET_MARK,
 		NULL);
 
 	p1 = git__malloc(5);
-	leaks = git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__QUIET |
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
+	leaks = git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_dump(
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_QUIET |
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
 		"p1");
-	cl_assert((leaks == 1));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(1, leaks);
 
 	p2 = git__malloc(5);
-	leaks = git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__QUIET |
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
+	leaks = git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_dump(
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_QUIET |
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
 		"p1,p2");
-	cl_assert((leaks == 2));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(2, leaks);
 
 	p3 = git__malloc(5);
-	leaks = git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__QUIET |
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
+	leaks = git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_dump(
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_QUIET |
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
 		"p1,p2,p3");
-	cl_assert((leaks == 3));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(3, leaks);
 
 	git__free(p2);
-	leaks = git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__QUIET |
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
+	leaks = git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_dump(
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_QUIET |
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
 		"p1,p3");
-	cl_assert((leaks == 2));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(2, leaks);
 
 	/* move the mark. only new leaks should appear afterwards */
-	error = git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__SET_MARK,
+	error = git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_dump(
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_SET_MARK,
 		NULL);
-	cl_assert((error == 0));
+	/* cannot use cl_git_pass() since that may allocate memory. */
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, error);
 
-	leaks = git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__QUIET |
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
+	leaks = git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_dump(
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_QUIET |
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
 		"not_p1,not_p3");
-	cl_assert((leaks == 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, leaks);
 
 	p4 = git__malloc(5);
-	leaks = git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__QUIET |
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
+	leaks = git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_dump(
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_QUIET |
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
 		"p4,not_p1,not_p3");
-	cl_assert((leaks == 1));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(1, leaks);
 
 	git__free(p1);
 	git__free(p3);
-	leaks = git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__QUIET |
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
+	leaks = git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_dump(
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_QUIET |
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
 		"p4");
-	cl_assert((leaks == 1));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(1, leaks);
 
 	git__free(p4);
-	leaks = git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__QUIET |
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
+	leaks = git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_dump(
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_QUIET |
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_SINCE_MARK,
 		"end");
-	cl_assert((leaks == 0));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, leaks);
 
 	/* confirm current absolute leaks count matches beginning value. */
-	after = git_win32__crtdbg_stacktrace__dump(
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__QUIET |
-		GIT_WIN32__CRTDBG_STACKTRACE__LEAKS_TOTAL,
+	after = git_win32_leakcheck_stacktrace_dump(
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_QUIET |
+		GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK_STACKTRACE_LEAKS_TOTAL,
 		"total");
-	cl_assert((before == after));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(before, after);
 #endif
 }
 
-#if defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK)
 static void aux_cb_alloc__1(unsigned int *aux_id)
 {
 	static unsigned int aux_counter = 0;
@@ -141,12 +141,12 @@ static void aux_cb_lookup__1(unsigned int aux_id, char *aux_msg, size_t aux_msg_
 
 void test_trace_windows_stacktrace__aux1(void)
 {
-#if defined(GIT_MSVC_CRTDBG)
-	git_win32__stack__set_aux_cb(aux_cb_alloc__1, aux_cb_lookup__1);
+#if defined(GIT_WIN32_LEAKCHECK)
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_set_aux_cb(aux_cb_alloc__1, aux_cb_lookup__1);
 	c();
 	c();
 	c();
 	c();
-	git_win32__stack__set_aux_cb(NULL, NULL);
+	git_win32_leakcheck_stack_set_aux_cb(NULL, NULL);
 #endif
 }
diff --git a/tests/win32/longpath.c b/tests/win32/longpath.c
index 80ae08d..ebfcc4d 100644
--- a/tests/win32/longpath.c
+++ b/tests/win32/longpath.c
@@ -4,9 +4,12 @@
 #include "clone.h"
 #include "buffer.h"
 #include "futils.h"
+#include "repository.h"
 
 static git_buf path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
+#define LONG_FILENAME "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.txt"
+
 void test_win32_longpath__initialize(void)
 {
 #ifdef GIT_WIN32
@@ -29,34 +32,61 @@ void test_win32_longpath__initialize(void)
 void test_win32_longpath__cleanup(void)
 {
 	git_buf_dispose(&path);
+	cl_git_sandbox_cleanup();
 }
 
-#ifdef GIT_WIN32
-void assert_name_too_long(void)
+void test_win32_longpath__errmsg_on_checkout(void)
 {
-	const git_error *err;
-	size_t expected_len, actual_len;
-	char *expected_msg;
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+	git_repository *repo;
 
-	err = git_error_last();
-	actual_len = strlen(err->message);
+	cl_git_fail(git_clone(&repo, cl_fixture("testrepo.git"), path.ptr, NULL));
+	cl_assert(git__prefixcmp(git_error_last()->message, "path too long") == 0);
+#endif
+}
 
-	expected_msg = git_win32_get_error_message(ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE);
-	expected_len = strlen(expected_msg);
+void test_win32_longpath__workdir_path_validated(void)
+{
+#ifdef GIT_WIN32
+	git_repository *repo = cl_git_sandbox_init("testrepo");
+	git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
-	/* check the suffix */
-	cl_assert_equal_s(expected_msg, err->message + (actual_len - expected_len));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_workdir_path(&out, repo, "a.txt"));
 
-	git__free(expected_msg);
-}
+	/* even if the repo path is a drive letter, this is too long */
+	cl_git_fail(git_repository_workdir_path(&out, repo, LONG_FILENAME));
+	cl_assert(git__prefixcmp(git_error_last()->message, "path too long") == 0);
+
+	cl_repo_set_bool(repo, "core.longpaths", true);
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_workdir_path(&out, repo, "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.txt"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_workdir_path(&out, repo, LONG_FILENAME));
+	git_buf_dispose(&out);
 #endif
+}
 
-void test_win32_longpath__errmsg_on_checkout(void)
+void test_win32_longpath__status_and_add(void)
 {
 #ifdef GIT_WIN32
-	git_repository *repo;
+	git_repository *repo = cl_git_sandbox_init("testrepo");
+	git_index *index;
+	git_buf out = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	unsigned int status_flags;
 
-	cl_git_fail(git_clone(&repo, cl_fixture("testrepo.git"), path.ptr, NULL));
-	assert_name_too_long();
+	cl_repo_set_bool(repo, "core.longpaths", true);
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_workdir_path(&out, repo, LONG_FILENAME));
+
+	cl_git_rewritefile(out.ptr, "This is a long path.\r\n");
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_status_file(&status_flags, repo, LONG_FILENAME));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_STATUS_WT_NEW, status_flags);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_index(&index, repo));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add_bypath(index, LONG_FILENAME));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_status_file(&status_flags, repo, LONG_FILENAME));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(GIT_STATUS_INDEX_NEW, status_flags);
+
+	git_index_free(index);
+	git_buf_dispose(&out);
 #endif
 }
diff --git a/tests/worktree/bare.c b/tests/worktree/bare.c
index 2a0e882..7234dff 100644
--- a/tests/worktree/bare.c
+++ b/tests/worktree/bare.c
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ void test_worktree_bare__list(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_worktree_list(&wts, g_repo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(wts.count, 0);
 
-	git_strarray_free(&wts);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&wts);
 }
 
 void test_worktree_bare__add(void)
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ void test_worktree_bare__add(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(0, git_repository_is_bare(wtrepo));
 	cl_assert_equal_i(1, git_repository_is_worktree(wtrepo));
 
-	git_strarray_free(&wts);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&wts);
 	git_worktree_free(wt);
 	git_repository_free(wtrepo);
 }
diff --git a/tests/worktree/merge.c b/tests/worktree/merge.c
index 4b74382..2a12060 100644
--- a/tests/worktree/merge.c
+++ b/tests/worktree/merge.c
@@ -70,9 +70,9 @@ void test_worktree_merge__merge_setup(void)
 		    ours, (const git_annotated_commit **)&theirs, 1));
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(merge_files); i++) {
-		git_buf_clear(&path);
-		cl_git_pass(git_buf_printf(&path, "%s/%s",
-			    fixture.worktree->gitdir, merge_files[i]));
+		cl_git_pass(git_buf_joinpath(&path,
+		            fixture.worktree->gitdir,
+		            merge_files[i]));
 		cl_assert(git_path_exists(path.ptr));
 	}
 
diff --git a/tests/worktree/refs.c b/tests/worktree/refs.c
index e62149d..27dc667 100644
--- a/tests/worktree/refs.c
+++ b/tests/worktree/refs.c
@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ void test_worktree_refs__list(void)
 	}
 
 exit:
-	git_strarray_free(&refs);
-	git_strarray_free(&wtrefs);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&refs);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&wtrefs);
 	cl_git_pass(error);
 }
 
@@ -163,7 +163,10 @@ void test_worktree_refs__renaming_reference_updates_worktree_heads(void)
 	cl_git_pass(git_branch_lookup(&branch, fixture.repo,
 		    "testrepo-worktree", GIT_BRANCH_LOCAL));
 	cl_git_pass(git_reference_rename(&renamed, branch, "refs/heads/renamed", 0, NULL));
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_head(&head, fixture.worktree));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&head, fixture.worktree, GIT_HEAD_FILE));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(git_reference_type(head), GIT_REFERENCE_SYMBOLIC);
+	cl_assert_equal_s(git_reference_symbolic_target(head), "refs/heads/renamed");
 
 	git_reference_free(head);
 	git_reference_free(branch);
diff --git a/tests/worktree/repository.c b/tests/worktree/repository.c
index ca56413..c4eeadd 100644
--- a/tests/worktree/repository.c
+++ b/tests/worktree/repository.c
@@ -50,9 +50,12 @@ void test_worktree_repository__head_detached(void)
 
 	cl_assert(git_repository_head_detached(fixture.worktree));
 	cl_assert(git_repository_head_detached_for_worktree(fixture.repo, "testrepo-worktree"));
-	cl_git_fail(git_repository_head_for_worktree(&head, fixture.repo, "testrepo-worktree"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_head_for_worktree(&head, fixture.repo, "testrepo-worktree"));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_oid(&ref->target.oid, &head->target.oid);
 
 	git_reference_free(ref);
+	git_reference_free(head);
 }
 
 void test_worktree_repository__head_detached_fails_for_invalid_worktree(void)
diff --git a/tests/worktree/worktree.c b/tests/worktree/worktree.c
index 5e99dbf..9b87bfa 100644
--- a/tests/worktree/worktree.c
+++ b/tests/worktree/worktree.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ void test_worktree_worktree__list(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(wts.count, 1);
 	cl_assert_equal_s(wts.strings[0], "testrepo-worktree");
 
-	git_strarray_free(&wts);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&wts);
 }
 
 void test_worktree_worktree__list_with_invalid_worktree_dirs(void)
@@ -44,8 +44,9 @@ void test_worktree_worktree__list_with_invalid_worktree_dirs(void)
 	git_strarray wts;
 	size_t i, j, len;
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_printf(&path, "%s/worktrees/invalid",
-		    fixture.repo->commondir));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_joinpath(&path,
+	            fixture.repo->commondir,
+	            "worktrees/invalid"));
 	cl_git_pass(p_mkdir(path.ptr, 0755));
 
 	len = path.size;
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ void test_worktree_worktree__list_with_invalid_worktree_dirs(void)
 		cl_git_pass(git_worktree_list(&wts, fixture.worktree));
 		cl_assert_equal_i(wts.count, 1);
 		cl_assert_equal_s(wts.strings[0], "testrepo-worktree");
-		git_strarray_free(&wts);
+		git_strarray_dispose(&wts);
 
 		for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(filesets[i]); j++) {
 			git_buf_truncate(&path, len);
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ void test_worktree_worktree__list_in_worktree_repo(void)
 	cl_assert_equal_i(wts.count, 1);
 	cl_assert_equal_s(wts.strings[0], "testrepo-worktree");
 
-	git_strarray_free(&wts);
+	git_strarray_dispose(&wts);
 }
 
 void test_worktree_worktree__list_without_worktrees(void)
@@ -145,9 +146,9 @@ void test_worktree_worktree__open_invalid_commondir(void)
 	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT, path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_buf_sets(&buf, "/path/to/nonexistent/commondir"));
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_printf(&path,
-		    "%s/worktrees/testrepo-worktree/commondir",
-		    fixture.repo->commondir));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_joinpath(&path,
+	            fixture.repo->commondir,
+	            "worktrees/testrepo-worktree/commondir"));
 	cl_git_pass(git_futils_writebuffer(&buf, path.ptr, O_RDWR, 0644));
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_worktree_lookup(&wt, fixture.repo, "testrepo-worktree"));
@@ -165,9 +166,9 @@ void test_worktree_worktree__open_invalid_gitdir(void)
 	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT, path = GIT_BUF_INIT;
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_buf_sets(&buf, "/path/to/nonexistent/gitdir"));
-	cl_git_pass(git_buf_printf(&path,
-		    "%s/worktrees/testrepo-worktree/gitdir",
-		    fixture.repo->commondir));
+	cl_git_pass(git_buf_joinpath(&path,
+	            fixture.repo->commondir,
+	            "worktrees/testrepo-worktree/gitdir"));
 	cl_git_pass(git_futils_writebuffer(&buf, path.ptr, O_RDWR, 0644));
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_worktree_lookup(&wt, fixture.repo, "testrepo-worktree"));
@@ -380,7 +381,7 @@ void test_worktree_worktree__name(void)
 
 	cl_git_pass(git_worktree_lookup(&wt, fixture.repo, "testrepo-worktree"));
 	cl_assert_equal_s(git_worktree_name(wt), "testrepo-worktree");
-	
+
 	git_worktree_free(wt);
 }
 
@@ -581,45 +582,44 @@ void test_worktree_worktree__prune_worktree(void)
 	git_worktree_free(wt);
 }
 
-static int read_head_ref(git_repository *repo, const char *path, void *payload)
+static int foreach_worktree_cb(git_repository *worktree, void *payload)
 {
-	git_vector *refs = (git_vector *) payload;
-	git_reference *head;
-
-	GIT_UNUSED(repo);
+	int *counter = (int *)payload;
 
-	cl_git_pass(git_reference__read_head(&head, repo, path));
+	switch (*counter) {
+	case 0:
+		cl_assert_equal_s(git_repository_path(fixture.repo),
+				  git_repository_path(worktree));
+		cl_assert(!git_repository_is_worktree(worktree));
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		cl_assert_equal_s(git_repository_path(fixture.worktree),
+				  git_repository_path(worktree));
+		cl_assert(git_repository_is_worktree(worktree));
+		break;
+	default:
+		cl_fail("more worktrees found than expected");
+	}
 
-	git_vector_insert(refs, head);
+	(*counter)++;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void test_worktree_worktree__foreach_head_gives_same_results_in_wt_and_repo(void)
+void test_worktree_worktree__foreach_worktree_lists_all_worktrees(void)
 {
-	git_vector repo_refs = GIT_VECTOR_INIT, worktree_refs = GIT_VECTOR_INIT;
-	git_reference *heads[2];
-	size_t i;
-
-	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&heads[0], fixture.repo, GIT_HEAD_FILE));
-	cl_git_pass(git_reference_lookup(&heads[1], fixture.worktree, GIT_HEAD_FILE));
-
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_foreach_head(fixture.repo, read_head_ref, 0, &repo_refs));
-	cl_git_pass(git_repository_foreach_head(fixture.worktree, read_head_ref, 0, &worktree_refs));
-
-	cl_assert_equal_i(repo_refs.length, ARRAY_SIZE(heads));
-	cl_assert_equal_i(worktree_refs.length, ARRAY_SIZE(heads));
+	int counter = 0;
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_foreach_worktree(fixture.repo, foreach_worktree_cb, &counter));
+}
 
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(heads); i++) {
-		cl_assert_equal_s(heads[i]->name, ((git_reference *) repo_refs.contents[i])->name);
-		cl_assert_equal_s(heads[i]->name, ((git_reference *) repo_refs.contents[i])->name);
-		cl_assert_equal_s(heads[i]->name, ((git_reference *) worktree_refs.contents[i])->name);
+void test_worktree_worktree__validate_invalid_worktreedir(void)
+{
+	git_worktree *wt;
 
-		git_reference_free(heads[i]);
-		git_reference_free(repo_refs.contents[i]);
-		git_reference_free(worktree_refs.contents[i]);
-	}
+	cl_git_pass(git_worktree_lookup(&wt, fixture.repo, "testrepo-worktree"));
+	p_rename("testrepo-worktree", "testrepo-worktree-tmp");
+	cl_git_fail(git_worktree_validate(wt));
+	p_rename("testrepo-worktree-tmp", "testrepo-worktree");
 
-	git_vector_free(&repo_refs);
-	git_vector_free(&worktree_refs);
+	git_worktree_free(wt);
 }