thodg/libgit2

diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index b2c8731..90b5502 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ v0.21 + 1
   us to safely update a reflog with arbitrary contents, as we need to
   do for stash.
 
+* The index' tree cache is now filled upon read-tree and write-tree
+  and the cache is written to disk.
+
 * LF -> CRLF filter refuses to handle mixed-EOL files
 
 * LF -> CRLF filter now runs when * text = auto (with Git for Windows 1.9.4)
diff --git a/PROJECTS.md b/PROJECTS.md
index d699887..a2da659 100644
--- a/PROJECTS.md
+++ b/PROJECTS.md
@@ -88,8 +88,6 @@ might make good smaller projects by themselves.
 * Upgrade internal libxdiff code to latest from core Git
 * Improve index internals with hashtable lookup for files instead of
   using binary search every time
-* Make the index write the cache out to disk (with tests to gain
-  confidence that the caching invalidation works correctly)
 * Tree builder improvements:
     * Use a hash table when building instead of a list
     * Extend to allow building a tree hierarchy
diff --git a/src/index.c b/src/index.c
index 8b757f2..8a5bf61 100644
--- a/src/index.c
+++ b/src/index.c
@@ -405,6 +405,8 @@ int git_index_open(git_index **index_out, const char *index_path)
 		return -1;
 	}
 
+	git_pool_init(&index->tree_pool, 1, 0);
+
 	if (index_path != NULL) {
 		index->index_file_path = git__strdup(index_path);
 		if (!index->index_file_path)
@@ -435,6 +437,7 @@ int git_index_open(git_index **index_out, const char *index_path)
 	return 0;
 
 fail:
+	git_pool_clear(&index->tree_pool);
 	git_index_free(index);
 	return error;
 }
@@ -517,8 +520,8 @@ int git_index_clear(git_index *index)
 
 	assert(index);
 
-	git_tree_cache_free(index->tree);
 	index->tree = NULL;
+	git_pool_clear(&index->tree_pool);
 
 	if (git_mutex_lock(&index->lock) < 0) {
 		giterr_set(GITERR_OS, "Failed to lock index");
@@ -621,6 +624,9 @@ int git_index_read(git_index *index, int force)
 	if (error < 0)
 		return error;
 
+	index->tree = NULL;
+	git_pool_clear(&index->tree_pool);
+
 	error = git_index_clear(index);
 
 	if (!error)
@@ -1871,7 +1877,7 @@ static size_t read_extension(git_index *index, const char *buffer, size_t buffer
 	if (dest.signature[0] >= 'A' && dest.signature[0] <= 'Z') {
 		/* tree cache */
 		if (memcmp(dest.signature, INDEX_EXT_TREECACHE_SIG, 4) == 0) {
-			if (git_tree_cache_read(&index->tree, buffer + 8, dest.extension_size) < 0)
+			if (git_tree_cache_read(&index->tree, buffer + 8, dest.extension_size, &index->tree_pool) < 0)
 				return 0;
 		} else if (memcmp(dest.signature, INDEX_EXT_UNMERGED_SIG, 4) == 0) {
 			if (read_reuc(index, buffer + 8, dest.extension_size) < 0)
@@ -2108,16 +2114,13 @@ static int write_entries(git_index *index, git_filebuf *file)
 static int write_extension(git_filebuf *file, struct index_extension *header, git_buf *data)
 {
 	struct index_extension ondisk;
-	int error = 0;
 
 	memset(&ondisk, 0x0, sizeof(struct index_extension));
 	memcpy(&ondisk, header, 4);
 	ondisk.extension_size = htonl(header->extension_size);
 
-	if ((error = git_filebuf_write(file, &ondisk, sizeof(struct index_extension))) == 0)
-		error = git_filebuf_write(file, data->ptr, data->size);
-
-	return error;
+	git_filebuf_write(file, &ondisk, sizeof(struct index_extension));
+	return git_filebuf_write(file, data->ptr, data->size);
 }
 
 static int create_name_extension_data(git_buf *name_buf, git_index_name_entry *conflict_name)
@@ -2223,6 +2226,29 @@ done:
 	return error;
 }
 
+static int write_tree_extension(git_index *index, git_filebuf *file)
+{
+	struct index_extension extension;
+	git_buf buf = GIT_BUF_INIT;
+	int error;
+
+	if (index->tree == NULL)
+		return 0;
+
+	if ((error = git_tree_cache_write(&buf, index->tree)) < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	memset(&extension, 0x0, sizeof(struct index_extension));
+	memcpy(&extension.signature, INDEX_EXT_TREECACHE_SIG, 4);
+	extension.extension_size = (uint32_t)buf.size;
+
+	error = write_extension(file, &extension, &buf);
+
+	git_buf_free(&buf);
+
+	return error;
+}
+
 static int write_index(git_index *index, git_filebuf *file)
 {
 	git_oid hash_final;
@@ -2245,7 +2271,9 @@ static int write_index(git_index *index, git_filebuf *file)
 	if (write_entries(index, file) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	/* TODO: write tree cache extension */
+	/* write the tree cache extension */
+	if (index->tree != NULL && write_tree_extension(index, file) < 0)
+		return -1;
 
 	/* write the rename conflict extension */
 	if (index->names.length > 0 && write_name_extension(index, file) < 0)
@@ -2271,6 +2299,7 @@ typedef struct read_tree_data {
 	git_vector *old_entries;
 	git_vector *new_entries;
 	git_vector_cmp entry_cmp;
+	git_tree_cache *tree;
 } read_tree_data;
 
 static int read_tree_cb(
@@ -2332,6 +2361,9 @@ int git_index_read_tree(git_index *index, const git_tree *tree)
 	data.new_entries = &entries;
 	data.entry_cmp   = index->entries_search;
 
+	index->tree = NULL;
+	git_pool_clear(&index->tree_pool);
+
 	if (index_sort_if_needed(index, true) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
@@ -2352,6 +2384,10 @@ int git_index_read_tree(git_index *index, const git_tree *tree)
 	}
 
 	git_vector_free(&entries);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = git_tree_cache_read_tree(&index->tree, tree, &index->tree_pool);
 
 	return error;
 }
diff --git a/src/index.h b/src/index.h
index 50a0b4b..2eb93fb 100644
--- a/src/index.h
+++ b/src/index.h
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ struct git_index {
 	unsigned int no_symlinks:1;
 
 	git_tree_cache *tree;
+	git_pool tree_pool;
 
 	git_vector names;
 	git_vector reuc;
diff --git a/src/tree-cache.c b/src/tree-cache.c
index 49afd6e..bf52b55 100644
--- a/src/tree-cache.c
+++ b/src/tree-cache.c
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
  */
 
 #include "tree-cache.h"
+#include "pool.h"
+#include "tree.h"
 
 static git_tree_cache *find_child(
 	const git_tree_cache *tree, const char *path, const char *end)
@@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ void git_tree_cache_invalidate_path(git_tree_cache *tree, const char *path)
 	if (tree == NULL)
 		return;
 
-	tree->entries = -1;
+	tree->entry_count = -1;
 
 	while (ptr != NULL) {
 		end = strchr(ptr, '/');
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ void git_tree_cache_invalidate_path(git_tree_cache *tree, const char *path)
 		if (tree == NULL) /* We don't have that tree */
 			return;
 
-		tree->entries = -1;
+		tree->entry_count = -1;
 		ptr = end + 1;
 	}
 }
@@ -69,12 +71,12 @@ const git_tree_cache *git_tree_cache_get(const git_tree_cache *tree, const char 
 }
 
 static int read_tree_internal(git_tree_cache **out,
-		const char **buffer_in, const char *buffer_end, git_tree_cache *parent)
+			      const char **buffer_in, const char *buffer_end,
+			      git_pool *pool)
 {
 	git_tree_cache *tree = NULL;
 	const char *name_start, *buffer;
 	int count;
-	size_t name_len;
 
 	buffer = name_start = *buffer_in;
 
@@ -84,23 +86,14 @@ static int read_tree_internal(git_tree_cache **out,
 	if (++buffer >= buffer_end)
 		goto corrupted;
 
-	name_len = strlen(name_start);
-	tree = git__malloc(sizeof(git_tree_cache) + name_len + 1);
-	GITERR_CHECK_ALLOC(tree);
-
-	memset(tree, 0x0, sizeof(git_tree_cache));
-	tree->parent = parent;
-
-	/* NUL-terminated tree name */
-	tree->namelen = name_len;
-	memcpy(tree->name, name_start, name_len);
-	tree->name[name_len] = '\0';
+	if (git_tree_cache_new(&tree, name_start, pool) < 0)
+		return -1;
 
 	/* Blank-terminated ASCII decimal number of entries in this tree */
 	if (git__strtol32(&count, buffer, &buffer, 10) < 0)
 		goto corrupted;
 
-	tree->entries = count;
+	tree->entry_count = count;
 
 	if (*buffer != ' ' || ++buffer >= buffer_end)
 		goto corrupted;
@@ -115,7 +108,7 @@ static int read_tree_internal(git_tree_cache **out,
 		goto corrupted;
 
 	/* The SHA1 is only there if it's not invalidated */
-	if (tree->entries >= 0) {
+	if (tree->entry_count >= 0) {
 		/* 160-bit SHA-1 for this tree and it's children */
 		if (buffer + GIT_OID_RAWSZ > buffer_end)
 			goto corrupted;
@@ -128,13 +121,13 @@ static int read_tree_internal(git_tree_cache **out,
 	if (tree->children_count > 0) {
 		unsigned int i;
 
-		tree->children = git__malloc(tree->children_count * sizeof(git_tree_cache *));
+		tree->children = git_pool_malloc(pool, tree->children_count * sizeof(git_tree_cache *));
 		GITERR_CHECK_ALLOC(tree->children);
 
 		memset(tree->children, 0x0, tree->children_count * sizeof(git_tree_cache *));
 
 		for (i = 0; i < tree->children_count; ++i) {
-			if (read_tree_internal(&tree->children[i], &buffer, buffer_end, tree) < 0)
+			if (read_tree_internal(&tree->children[i], &buffer, buffer_end, pool) < 0)
 				goto corrupted;
 		}
 	}
@@ -144,16 +137,15 @@ static int read_tree_internal(git_tree_cache **out,
 	return 0;
 
  corrupted:
-	git_tree_cache_free(tree);
 	giterr_set(GITERR_INDEX, "Corrupted TREE extension in index");
 	return -1;
 }
 
-int git_tree_cache_read(git_tree_cache **tree, const char *buffer, size_t buffer_size)
+int git_tree_cache_read(git_tree_cache **tree, const char *buffer, size_t buffer_size, git_pool *pool)
 {
 	const char *buffer_end = buffer + buffer_size;
 
-	if (read_tree_internal(tree, &buffer, buffer_end, NULL) < 0)
+	if (read_tree_internal(tree, &buffer, buffer_end, pool) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (buffer < buffer_end) {
@@ -164,19 +156,141 @@ int git_tree_cache_read(git_tree_cache **tree, const char *buffer, size_t buffer
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void git_tree_cache_free(git_tree_cache *tree)
+static int read_tree_recursive(git_tree_cache *cache, const git_tree *tree, git_pool *pool)
 {
-	unsigned int i;
+	git_repository *repo;
+	size_t i, j, nentries, ntrees;
+	int error;
+
+	repo = git_tree_owner(tree);
+
+	git_oid_cpy(&cache->oid, git_tree_id(tree));
+	nentries = git_tree_entrycount(tree);
+
+	/*
+	 * We make sure we know how many trees we need to allocate for
+	 * so we don't have to realloc and change the pointers for the
+	 * parents.
+	 */
+	ntrees = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < nentries; i++) {
+		const git_tree_entry *entry;
+
+		entry = git_tree_entry_byindex(tree, i);
+		if (git_tree_entry_filemode(entry) == GIT_FILEMODE_TREE)
+			ntrees++;
+	}
 
-	if (tree == NULL)
+	cache->children_count = ntrees;
+	cache->children = git_pool_mallocz(pool, ntrees * sizeof(git_tree_cache *));
+	GITERR_CHECK_ALLOC(cache->children);
+
+	j = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < nentries; i++) {
+		const git_tree_entry *entry;
+		git_tree *subtree;
+
+		entry = git_tree_entry_byindex(tree, i);
+		if (git_tree_entry_filemode(entry) != GIT_FILEMODE_TREE)
+			continue;
+
+		if ((error = git_tree_cache_new(&cache->children[j], git_tree_entry_name(entry), pool)) < 0)
+			return error;
+
+		if ((error = git_tree_lookup(&subtree, repo, git_tree_entry_id(entry))) < 0)
+			return error;
+
+		error = read_tree_recursive(cache->children[j], subtree, pool);
+		git_tree_free(subtree);
+		j++;
+
+		if (error < 0)
+			return error;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_tree_cache_read_tree(git_tree_cache **out, const git_tree *tree, git_pool *pool)
+{
+	int error;
+	git_tree_cache *cache;
+
+	if ((error = git_tree_cache_new(&cache, "", pool)) < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	if ((error = read_tree_recursive(cache, tree, pool)) < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	*out = cache;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_tree_cache_new(git_tree_cache **out, const char *name, git_pool *pool)
+{
+	size_t name_len;
+	git_tree_cache *tree;
+
+	name_len = strlen(name);
+	tree = git_pool_malloc(pool, sizeof(git_tree_cache) + name_len + 1);
+	GITERR_CHECK_ALLOC(tree);
+
+	memset(tree, 0x0, sizeof(git_tree_cache));
+	/* NUL-terminated tree name */
+	tree->namelen = name_len;
+	memcpy(tree->name, name, name_len);
+	tree->name[name_len] = '\0';
+
+	*out = tree;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Recursively recalculate the total entry count, which we need to
+ * write out to the index
+ */
+static void recount_entries(git_tree_cache *tree)
+{
+	size_t i;
+	ssize_t entry_count;
+	git_tree_cache *child;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < tree->children_count; i++)
+		recount_entries(tree->children[i]);
+
+	if (tree->entry_count == -1)
 		return;
 
-	if (tree->children != NULL) {
-		for (i = 0; i < tree->children_count; ++i)
-			git_tree_cache_free(tree->children[i]);
+	entry_count = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < tree->children_count; i++) {
+		child = tree->children[i];
+
+		if (child->entry_count == -1)
+			continue;
 
-		git__free(tree->children);
+		entry_count += tree->children[i]->children_count;
 	}
 
-	git__free(tree);
+	tree->entry_count = entry_count;
+}
+
+static void write_tree(git_buf *out, git_tree_cache *tree)
+{
+	size_t i;
+
+	git_buf_printf(out, "%s%c%zd %"PRIuZ"\n", tree->name, 0, tree->entry_count, tree->children_count);
+
+	if (tree->entry_count != -1)
+		git_buf_put(out, (const char *) &tree->oid, GIT_OID_RAWSZ);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < tree->children_count; i++)
+		write_tree(out, tree->children[i]);
+}
+
+int git_tree_cache_write(git_buf *out, git_tree_cache *tree)
+{
+	recount_entries(tree);
+	write_tree(out, tree);
+
+	return git_buf_oom(out) ? -1 : 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/tree-cache.h b/src/tree-cache.h
index 7801712..c44ca7c 100644
--- a/src/tree-cache.h
+++ b/src/tree-cache.h
@@ -9,22 +9,29 @@
 #define INCLUDE_tree_cache_h__
 
 #include "common.h"
+#include "pool.h"
+#include "buffer.h"
 #include "git2/oid.h"
 
-typedef struct {
-	struct git_tree_cache *parent;
+typedef struct git_tree_cache {
 	struct git_tree_cache **children;
 	size_t children_count;
 
-	ssize_t entries;
+	ssize_t entry_count;
 	git_oid oid;
 	size_t namelen;
 	char name[GIT_FLEX_ARRAY];
 } git_tree_cache;
 
-int git_tree_cache_read(git_tree_cache **tree, const char *buffer, size_t buffer_size);
+int git_tree_cache_write(git_buf *out, git_tree_cache *tree);
+int git_tree_cache_read(git_tree_cache **tree, const char *buffer, size_t buffer_size, git_pool *pool);
 void git_tree_cache_invalidate_path(git_tree_cache *tree, const char *path);
 const git_tree_cache *git_tree_cache_get(const git_tree_cache *tree, const char *path);
+int git_tree_cache_new(git_tree_cache **out, const char *name, git_pool *pool);
+/**
+ * Read a tree as the root of the tree cache (like for `git read-tree`)
+ */
+int git_tree_cache_read_tree(git_tree_cache **out, const git_tree *tree, git_pool *pool);
 void git_tree_cache_free(git_tree_cache *tree);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/tree.c b/src/tree.c
index 28190d6..6b06dfd 100644
--- a/src/tree.c
+++ b/src/tree.c
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ static int write_tree(
 	const git_tree_cache *cache;
 
 	cache = git_tree_cache_get(index->tree, dirname);
-	if (cache != NULL && cache->entries >= 0){
+	if (cache != NULL && cache->entry_count >= 0){
 		git_oid_cpy(oid, &cache->oid);
 		return (int)find_next_dir(dirname, index, start);
 	}
@@ -579,6 +579,7 @@ int git_tree__write_index(
 	git_oid *oid, git_index *index, git_repository *repo)
 {
 	int ret;
+	git_tree *tree;
 	bool old_ignore_case = false;
 
 	assert(oid && index && repo);
@@ -589,7 +590,7 @@ int git_tree__write_index(
 		return GIT_EUNMERGED;
 	}
 
-	if (index->tree != NULL && index->tree->entries >= 0) {
+	if (index->tree != NULL && index->tree->entry_count >= 0) {
 		git_oid_cpy(oid, &index->tree->oid);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -609,7 +610,21 @@ int git_tree__write_index(
 	if (old_ignore_case)
 		git_index__set_ignore_case(index, true);
 
-	return ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
+	index->tree = NULL;
+
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	git_pool_clear(&index->tree_pool);
+
+	if ((ret = git_tree_lookup(&tree, repo, oid)) < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	/* Read the tree cache into the index */
+	ret = git_tree_cache_read_tree(&index->tree, tree, &index->tree_pool);
+	git_tree_free(tree);
+
+	return ret;
 }
 
 int git_treebuilder_create(git_treebuilder **builder_p, const git_tree *source)
diff --git a/tests/index/cache.c b/tests/index/cache.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17a61a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/index/cache.c
@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+#include "clar_libgit2.h"
+#include "git2.h"
+#include "index.h"
+#include "tree-cache.h"
+
+static git_repository *g_repo;
+
+void test_index_cache__initialize(void)
+{
+	g_repo = cl_git_sandbox_init("testrepo");
+}
+
+void test_index_cache__cleanup(void)
+{
+	cl_git_sandbox_cleanup();
+	g_repo = NULL;
+}
+
+void test_index_cache__write_extension_at_root(void)
+{
+	git_index *index;
+	git_tree *tree;
+	git_oid id;
+	const char *tree_id_str = "45dd856fdd4d89b884c340ba0e047752d9b085d6";
+	const char *index_file = "index-tree";
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_open(&index, index_file));
+	cl_assert(index->tree == NULL);
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, tree_id_str));
+	cl_git_pass(git_tree_lookup(&tree, g_repo, &id));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_read_tree(index, tree));
+	git_tree_free(tree);
+
+	cl_assert(index->tree);
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_write(index));
+	git_index_free(index);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_open(&index, index_file));
+	cl_assert(index->tree);
+
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, index->tree->entry_count);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, index->tree->children_count);
+
+	cl_assert(git_oid_equal(&id, &index->tree->oid));
+
+	cl_git_pass(p_unlink(index_file));
+	git_index_free(index);
+}
+
+void test_index_cache__write_extension_invalidated_root(void)
+{
+	git_index *index;
+	git_tree *tree;
+	git_oid id;
+	const char *tree_id_str = "45dd856fdd4d89b884c340ba0e047752d9b085d6";
+	const char *index_file = "index-tree-invalidated";
+	git_index_entry entry;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_open(&index, index_file));
+	cl_assert(index->tree == NULL);
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, tree_id_str));
+	cl_git_pass(git_tree_lookup(&tree, g_repo, &id));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_read_tree(index, tree));
+	git_tree_free(tree);
+
+	cl_assert(index->tree);
+
+	memset(&entry, 0x0, sizeof(git_index_entry));
+	git_oid_cpy(&entry.id, &git_index_get_byindex(index, 0)->id);
+	entry.mode = GIT_FILEMODE_BLOB;
+	entry.path = "some-new-file.txt";
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add(index, &entry));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_i(-1, index->tree->entry_count);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_write(index));
+	git_index_free(index);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_open(&index, index_file));
+	cl_assert(index->tree);
+
+	cl_assert_equal_i(-1, index->tree->entry_count);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, index->tree->children_count);
+
+	cl_assert(git_oid_cmp(&id, &index->tree->oid));
+
+	cl_git_pass(p_unlink(index_file));
+	git_index_free(index);
+}
+
+void test_index_cache__read_tree_no_children(void)
+{
+	git_index *index;
+	git_index_entry entry;
+	git_tree *tree;
+	git_oid id;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_new(&index));
+	cl_assert(index->tree == NULL);
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&id, "45dd856fdd4d89b884c340ba0e047752d9b085d6"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_tree_lookup(&tree, g_repo, &id));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_read_tree(index, tree));
+	git_tree_free(tree);
+
+	cl_assert(index->tree);
+	cl_assert(git_oid_equal(&id, &index->tree->oid));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, index->tree->children_count);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, index->tree->entry_count); /* 0 is a placeholder here */
+
+	memset(&entry, 0x0, sizeof(git_index_entry));
+	entry.path = "new.txt";
+	entry.mode = GIT_FILEMODE_BLOB;
+	git_oid_fromstr(&entry.id, "45b983be36b73c0788dc9cbcb76cbb80fc7bb057");
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add(index, &entry));
+	cl_assert_equal_i(-1, index->tree->entry_count);
+
+	git_index_free(index);
+}
+
+void test_index_cache__two_levels(void)
+{
+	git_tree *tree;
+	git_oid tree_id;
+	git_index *index;
+	git_index_entry entry;
+	const git_tree_cache *tree_cache;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_index(&index, g_repo));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_clear(index));
+
+	memset(&entry, 0x0, sizeof(entry));
+	entry.mode = GIT_FILEMODE_BLOB;
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&entry.id, "a8233120f6ad708f843d861ce2b7228ec4e3dec6"));
+	entry.path = "top-level.txt";
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add(index, &entry));
+
+	entry.path = "subdir/file.txt";
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add(index, &entry));
+
+	/* the read-tree fills the tree cache */
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_write_tree(&tree_id, index));
+	cl_git_pass(git_tree_lookup(&tree, g_repo, &tree_id));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_read_tree(index, tree));
+	git_tree_free(tree);
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_write(index));
+
+	/* we now must have cache entries for "" and "subdir" */
+	cl_assert(index->tree);
+	cl_assert(git_tree_cache_get(index->tree, "subdir"));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_read(index, true));
+	/* we must still have cache entries for "" and "subdir", since we wrote it out */
+	cl_assert(index->tree);
+	cl_assert(git_tree_cache_get(index->tree, "subdir"));
+
+	entry.path = "top-level.txt";
+	cl_git_pass(git_oid_fromstr(&entry.id, "3697d64be941a53d4ae8f6a271e4e3fa56b022cc"));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add(index, &entry));
+
+	/* writ out the index after we invalidate the root */
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_write(index));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_read(index, true));
+
+	/* the cache for the subtree must still be valid, even if the root isn't */
+	cl_assert(index->tree);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(-1, index->tree->entry_count);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(1, index->tree->children_count);
+	tree_cache = git_tree_cache_get(index->tree, "subdir");
+	cl_assert(tree_cache);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, tree_cache->entry_count);
+}
+
+void test_index_cache__read_tree_children(void)
+{
+	git_index *index;
+	git_index_entry entry;
+	git_tree *tree;
+	const git_tree_cache *cache;
+	git_oid tree_id;
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_repository_index(&index, g_repo));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_clear(index));
+	cl_assert(index->tree == NULL);
+
+
+	/* add a bunch of entries at different levels */
+	memset(&entry, 0x0, sizeof(git_index_entry));
+	entry.path = "top-level";
+	entry.mode = GIT_FILEMODE_BLOB;
+	git_oid_fromstr(&entry.id, "45b983be36b73c0788dc9cbcb76cbb80fc7bb057");
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add(index, &entry));
+
+
+	entry.path = "subdir/some-file";
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add(index, &entry));
+
+	entry.path = "subdir/even-deeper/some-file";
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add(index, &entry));
+
+	entry.path = "subdir2/some-file";
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add(index, &entry));
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_write_tree(&tree_id, index));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_clear(index));
+	cl_assert(index->tree == NULL);
+
+	cl_git_pass(git_tree_lookup(&tree, g_repo, &tree_id));
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_read_tree(index, tree));
+	git_tree_free(tree);
+
+	cl_assert(index->tree);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(2, index->tree->children_count);
+
+	/* override with a slightly different id, also dummy */
+	entry.path = "subdir/some-file";
+	git_oid_fromstr(&entry.id, "45b983be36b73c0788dc9cbcb76cbb80fc7bb058");
+	cl_git_pass(git_index_add(index, &entry));
+
+	cl_assert_equal_i(-1, index->tree->entry_count);
+
+	cache = git_tree_cache_get(index->tree, "subdir");
+	cl_assert(cache);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(-1, cache->entry_count);
+
+	cache = git_tree_cache_get(index->tree, "subdir/even-deeper");
+	cl_assert(cache);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, cache->entry_count);
+
+	cache = git_tree_cache_get(index->tree, "subdir2");
+	cl_assert(cache);
+	cl_assert_equal_i(0, cache->entry_count);
+
+	git_index_free(index);
+}