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IABSD.fr/src/usr.bin/lex/nfa.c
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/* $OpenBSD: nfa.c,v 1.15 2026/05/26 15:59:22 renaud Exp $ */ /* nfa - NFA construction routines */ /* Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California. */ /* All rights reserved. */ /* This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by */ /* Vern Paxson. */ /* The United States Government has rights in this work pursuant */ /* to contract no. DE-AC03-76SF00098 between the United States */ /* Department of Energy and the University of California. */ /* This file is part of flex. */ /* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without */ /* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions */ /* are met: */ /* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright */ /* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. */ /* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright */ /* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the */ /* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. */ /* Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors */ /* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software */ /* without specific prior written permission. */ /* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR */ /* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED */ /* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR */ /* PURPOSE. */ #include "flexdef.h" /* declare functions that have forward references */ int dupmachine PROTO((int)); void mkxtion PROTO((int, int)); /* add_accept - add an accepting state to a machine * * accepting_number becomes mach's accepting number. */ void add_accept(int mach, int accepting_number) { /* * Hang the accepting number off an epsilon state. if it is * associated with a state that has a non-epsilon out-transition, * then the state will accept BEFORE it makes that transition, i.e., * one character too soon. */ if (transchar[finalst[mach]] == SYM_EPSILON) accptnum[finalst[mach]] = accepting_number; else { int astate = mkstate(SYM_EPSILON); accptnum[astate] = accepting_number; (void) link_machines(mach, astate); } } /* copysingl - make a given number of copies of a singleton machine * * synopsis * * newsng = copysingl( singl, num ); * * newsng - a new singleton composed of num copies of singl * singl - a singleton machine * num - the number of copies of singl to be present in newsng */ int copysingl(int singl, int num) { int copy, i; copy = mkstate(SYM_EPSILON); for (i = 1; i <= num; ++i) copy = link_machines(copy, dupmachine(singl)); return copy; } /* dumpnfa - debugging routine to write out an nfa */ void dumpnfa(int state1) { int sym, tsp1, tsp2, anum, ns; fprintf(stderr, _ ("\n\n********** beginning dump of nfa with start state %d\n"), state1); /* * We probably should loop starting at firstst[state1] and going to * lastst[state1], but they're not maintained properly when we "or" * all of the rules together. So we use our knowledge that the * machine starts at state 1 and ends at lastnfa. */ /* for ( ns = firstst[state1]; ns <= lastst[state1]; ++ns ) */ for (ns = 1; ns <= lastnfa; ++ns) { fprintf(stderr, _("state # %4d\t"), ns); sym = transchar[ns]; tsp1 = trans1[ns]; tsp2 = trans2[ns]; anum = accptnum[ns]; fprintf(stderr, "%3d: %4d, %4d", sym, tsp1, tsp2); if (anum != NIL) fprintf(stderr, " [%d]", anum); fprintf(stderr, "\n"); } fprintf(stderr, _("********** end of dump\n")); } /* dupmachine - make a duplicate of a given machine * * synopsis * * copy = dupmachine( mach ); * * copy - holds duplicate of mach * mach - machine to be duplicated * * note that the copy of mach is NOT an exact duplicate; rather, all the * transition states values are adjusted so that the copy is self-contained, * as the original should have been. * * also note that the original MUST be contiguous, with its low and high * states accessible by the arrays firstst and lastst */ int dupmachine(int mach) { int i, init, state_offset; int state = 0; int last = lastst[mach]; for (i = firstst[mach]; i <= last; ++i) { state = mkstate(transchar[i]); if (trans1[i] != NO_TRANSITION) { mkxtion(finalst[state], trans1[i] + state - i); if (transchar[i] == SYM_EPSILON && trans2[i] != NO_TRANSITION) mkxtion(finalst[state], trans2[i] + state - i); } accptnum[state] = accptnum[i]; } if (state == 0) flexfatal(_("empty machine in dupmachine()")); state_offset = state - i + 1; init = mach + state_offset; firstst[init] = firstst[mach] + state_offset; finalst[init] = finalst[mach] + state_offset; lastst[init] = lastst[mach] + state_offset; return init; } /* finish_rule - finish up the processing for a rule * * An accepting number is added to the given machine. If variable_trail_rule * is true then the rule has trailing context and both the head and trail * are variable size. Otherwise if headcnt or trailcnt is non-zero then * the machine recognizes a pattern with trailing context and headcnt is * the number of characters in the matched part of the pattern, or zero * if the matched part has variable length. trailcnt is the number of * trailing context characters in the pattern, or zero if the trailing * context has variable length. */ void finish_rule(int mach, int variable_trail_rule, int headcnt, int trailcnt, int pcont_act) { char action_text[MAXLINE]; add_accept(mach, num_rules); /* * We did this in new_rule(), but it often gets the wrong number * because we do it before we start parsing the current rule. */ rule_linenum[num_rules] = linenum; /* * If this is a continued action, then the line-number has already * been updated, giving us the wrong number. */ if (continued_action) --rule_linenum[num_rules]; /* * If the previous rule was continued action, then we inherit the * previous newline flag, possibly overriding the current one. */ if (pcont_act && rule_has_nl[num_rules - 1]) rule_has_nl[num_rules] = true; snprintf(action_text, sizeof(action_text), "case %d:\n", num_rules); add_action(action_text); if (rule_has_nl[num_rules]) { snprintf(action_text, sizeof(action_text), "/* rule %d can match eol */\n", num_rules); add_action(action_text); } if (variable_trail_rule) { rule_type[num_rules] = RULE_VARIABLE; if (performance_report > 0) fprintf(stderr, _ ("Variable trailing context rule at line %d\n"), rule_linenum[num_rules]); variable_trailing_context_rules = true; } else { rule_type[num_rules] = RULE_NORMAL; if (headcnt > 0 || trailcnt > 0) { /* * Do trailing context magic to not match the * trailing characters. */ char *scanner_cp = "YY_G(yy_c_buf_p) = yy_cp"; char *scanner_bp = "yy_bp"; add_action ("*yy_cp = YY_G(yy_hold_char); /* undo effects of setting up yytext */\n"); if (headcnt > 0) { if (rule_has_nl[num_rules]) { snprintf(action_text, sizeof(action_text), "YY_LINENO_REWIND_TO(%s + %d);\n", scanner_bp, headcnt); add_action(action_text); } snprintf(action_text, sizeof(action_text), "%s = %s + %d;\n", scanner_cp, scanner_bp, headcnt); add_action(action_text); } else { if (rule_has_nl[num_rules]) { snprintf(action_text, sizeof(action_text), "YY_LINENO_REWIND_TO(yy_cp - %d);\n", trailcnt); add_action(action_text); } snprintf(action_text, sizeof(action_text), "%s -= %d;\n", scanner_cp, trailcnt); add_action(action_text); } add_action ("YY_DO_BEFORE_ACTION; /* set up yytext again */\n"); } } /* * Okay, in the action code at this point yytext and yyleng have * their proper final values for this rule, so here's the point to do * any user action. But don't do it for continued actions, as * that'll result in multiple YY_RULE_SETUP's. */ if (!continued_action) add_action("YY_RULE_SETUP\n"); line_directive_out((FILE *) 0, 1); } /* link_machines - connect two machines together * * synopsis * * new = link_machines( first, last ); * * new - a machine constructed by connecting first to last * first - the machine whose successor is to be last * last - the machine whose predecessor is to be first * * note: this routine concatenates the machine first with the machine * last to produce a machine new which will pattern-match first first * and then last, and will fail if either of the sub-patterns fails. * FIRST is set to new by the operation. last is unmolested. */ int link_machines(int first, int last) { if (first == NIL) return last; else if (last == NIL) return first; else { mkxtion(finalst[first], last); finalst[first] = finalst[last]; lastst[first] = MAX(lastst[first], lastst[last]); firstst[first] = MIN(firstst[first], firstst[last]); return first; } } /* mark_beginning_as_normal - mark each "beginning" state in a machine * as being a "normal" (i.e., not trailing context- * associated) states * * The "beginning" states are the epsilon closure of the first state */ void mark_beginning_as_normal(int mach) { switch (state_type[mach]) { case STATE_NORMAL: /* Oh, we've already visited here. */ return; case STATE_TRAILING_CONTEXT: state_type[mach] = STATE_NORMAL; if (transchar[mach] == SYM_EPSILON) { if (trans1[mach] != NO_TRANSITION) mark_beginning_as_normal(trans1[mach]); if (trans2[mach] != NO_TRANSITION) mark_beginning_as_normal(trans2[mach]); } break; default: flexerror(_ ("bad state type in mark_beginning_as_normal()")); break; } } /* mkbranch - make a machine that branches to two machines * * synopsis * * branch = mkbranch( first, second ); * * branch - a machine which matches either first's pattern or second's * first, second - machines whose patterns are to be or'ed (the | operator) * * Note that first and second are NEITHER destroyed by the operation. Also, * the resulting machine CANNOT be used with any other "mk" operation except * more mkbranch's. Compare with mkor() */ int mkbranch(int first, int second) { int eps; if (first == NO_TRANSITION) return second; else if (second == NO_TRANSITION) return first; eps = mkstate(SYM_EPSILON); mkxtion(eps, first); mkxtion(eps, second); return eps; } /* mkclos - convert a machine into a closure * * synopsis * new = mkclos( state ); * * new - a new state which matches the closure of "state" */ int mkclos(int state) { return mkopt(mkposcl(state)); } /* mkopt - make a machine optional * * synopsis * * new = mkopt( mach ); * * new - a machine which optionally matches whatever mach matched * mach - the machine to make optional * * notes: * 1. mach must be the last machine created * 2. mach is destroyed by the call */ int mkopt(int mach) { int eps; if (!SUPER_FREE_EPSILON(finalst[mach])) { eps = mkstate(SYM_EPSILON); mach = link_machines(mach, eps); } /* * Can't skimp on the following if FREE_EPSILON(mach) is true because * some state interior to "mach" might point back to the beginning * for a closure. */ eps = mkstate(SYM_EPSILON); mach = link_machines(eps, mach); mkxtion(mach, finalst[mach]); return mach; } /* mkor - make a machine that matches either one of two machines * * synopsis * * new = mkor( first, second ); * * new - a machine which matches either first's pattern or second's * first, second - machines whose patterns are to be or'ed (the | operator) * * note that first and second are both destroyed by the operation * the code is rather convoluted because an attempt is made to minimize * the number of epsilon states needed */ int mkor(int first, int second) { int eps, orend; if (first == NIL) return second; else if (second == NIL) return first; else { /* * See comment in mkopt() about why we can't use the first * state of "first" or "second" if they satisfy * "FREE_EPSILON". */ eps = mkstate(SYM_EPSILON); first = link_machines(eps, first); mkxtion(first, second); if (SUPER_FREE_EPSILON(finalst[first]) && accptnum[finalst[first]] == NIL) { orend = finalst[first]; mkxtion(finalst[second], orend); } else if (SUPER_FREE_EPSILON(finalst[second]) && accptnum[finalst[second]] == NIL) { orend = finalst[second]; mkxtion(finalst[first], orend); } else { eps = mkstate(SYM_EPSILON); first = link_machines(first, eps); orend = finalst[first]; mkxtion(finalst[second], orend); } } finalst[first] = orend; return first; } /* mkposcl - convert a machine into a positive closure * * synopsis * new = mkposcl( state ); * * new - a machine matching the positive closure of "state" */ int mkposcl(int state) { int eps; if (SUPER_FREE_EPSILON(finalst[state])) { mkxtion(finalst[state], state); return state; } else { eps = mkstate(SYM_EPSILON); mkxtion(eps, state); return link_machines(state, eps); } } /* mkrep - make a replicated machine * * synopsis * new = mkrep( mach, lb, ub ); * * new - a machine that matches whatever "mach" matched from "lb" * number of times to "ub" number of times * * note * if "ub" is INFINITE_REPEAT then "new" matches "lb" or more occurrences of "mach" */ int mkrep(int mach, int lb, int ub) { int base_mach, tail, copy, i; base_mach = copysingl(mach, lb - 1); if (lb < 0 || (ub < 0 && ub != INFINITE_REPEAT)) flexfatal(_("negative repetition value")); if (ub == INFINITE_REPEAT) { copy = dupmachine(mach); mach = link_machines(mach, link_machines(base_mach, mkclos(copy))); } else { tail = mkstate(SYM_EPSILON); for (i = lb; i < ub; ++i) { copy = dupmachine(mach); tail = mkopt(link_machines(copy, tail)); } mach = link_machines(mach, link_machines(base_mach, tail)); } return mach; } /* mkstate - create a state with a transition on a given symbol * * synopsis * * state = mkstate( sym ); * * state - a new state matching sym * sym - the symbol the new state is to have an out-transition on * * note that this routine makes new states in ascending order through the * state array (and increments LASTNFA accordingly). The routine DUPMACHINE * relies on machines being made in ascending order and that they are * CONTIGUOUS. Change it and you will have to rewrite DUPMACHINE (kludge * that it admittedly is) */ int mkstate(int sym) { if (++lastnfa >= current_mns) { if ((current_mns += MNS_INCREMENT) >= maximum_mns) lerrif(_ ("input rules are too complicated (>= %d NFA states)"), current_mns); ++num_reallocs; firstst = reallocate_integer_array(firstst, current_mns); lastst = reallocate_integer_array(lastst, current_mns); finalst = reallocate_integer_array(finalst, current_mns); transchar = reallocate_integer_array(transchar, current_mns); trans1 = reallocate_integer_array(trans1, current_mns); trans2 = reallocate_integer_array(trans2, current_mns); accptnum = reallocate_integer_array(accptnum, current_mns); assoc_rule = reallocate_integer_array(assoc_rule, current_mns); state_type = reallocate_integer_array(state_type, current_mns); } firstst[lastnfa] = lastnfa; finalst[lastnfa] = lastnfa; lastst[lastnfa] = lastnfa; transchar[lastnfa] = sym; trans1[lastnfa] = NO_TRANSITION; trans2[lastnfa] = NO_TRANSITION; accptnum[lastnfa] = NIL; assoc_rule[lastnfa] = num_rules; state_type[lastnfa] = current_state_type; /* * Fix up equivalence classes base on this transition. Note that any * character which has its own transition gets its own equivalence * class. Thus only characters which are only in character classes * have a chance at being in the same equivalence class. E.g. "a|b" * puts 'a' and 'b' into two different equivalence classes. "[ab]" * puts them in the same equivalence class (barring other differences * elsewhere in the input). */ if (sym < 0) { /* * We don't have to update the equivalence classes since that * was already done when the ccl was created for the first * time. */ } else if (sym == SYM_EPSILON) ++numeps; else { check_char(sym); if (useecs) /* Map NUL's to csize. */ mkechar(sym ? sym : csize, nextecm, ecgroup); } return lastnfa; } /* mkxtion - make a transition from one state to another * * synopsis * * mkxtion( statefrom, stateto ); * * statefrom - the state from which the transition is to be made * stateto - the state to which the transition is to be made */ void mkxtion(int statefrom, int stateto) { if (trans1[statefrom] == NO_TRANSITION) trans1[statefrom] = stateto; else if ((transchar[statefrom] != SYM_EPSILON) || (trans2[statefrom] != NO_TRANSITION)) flexfatal(_("found too many transitions in mkxtion()")); else { /* second out-transition for an epsilon state */ ++eps2; trans2[statefrom] = stateto; } } /* new_rule - initialize for a new rule */ void new_rule(void) { if (++num_rules >= current_max_rules) { ++num_reallocs; current_max_rules += MAX_RULES_INCREMENT; rule_type = reallocate_integer_array(rule_type, current_max_rules); rule_linenum = reallocate_integer_array(rule_linenum, current_max_rules); rule_useful = reallocate_integer_array(rule_useful, current_max_rules); rule_has_nl = reallocate_bool_array(rule_has_nl, current_max_rules); } if (num_rules > MAX_RULE) lerrif(_("too many rules (> %d)!"), MAX_RULE); rule_linenum[num_rules] = linenum; rule_useful[num_rules] = false; rule_has_nl[num_rules] = false; }