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IABSD.fr/src/sys/dev/softraid.c

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  • Author : deraadt
    Date : 2025-10-18 15:33:19
    Hash : c35d419d
    Message : more () for clarity; ok stsp

  • sys/dev/softraid.c 
  • /* $OpenBSD: softraid.c,v 1.438 2025/10/18 15:33:19 deraadt Exp $ */
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2007, 2008, 2009 Marco Peereboom <marco@peereboom.us>
 * Copyright (c) 2008 Chris Kuethe <ckuethe@openbsd.org>
 * Copyright (c) 2009 Joel Sing <jsing@openbsd.org>
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

#include "bio.h"

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/buf.h>
#include <sys/device.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/pool.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/disk.h>
#include <sys/rwlock.h>
#include <sys/queue.h>
#include <sys/fcntl.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
#include <sys/lock.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/sensors.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/conf.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <sys/task.h>
#include <sys/kthread.h>
#include <sys/dkio.h>
#include <sys/stdint.h>

#include <scsi/scsi_all.h>
#include <scsi/scsiconf.h>
#include <scsi/scsi_disk.h>

#include <dev/softraidvar.h>

#ifdef HIBERNATE
#include <lib/libsa/aes_xts.h>
#include <sys/hibernate.h>
#include <scsi/sdvar.h>
#endif /* HIBERNATE */

/* #define SR_FANCY_STATS */

#ifdef SR_DEBUG
#define SR_FANCY_STATS
uint32_t	sr_debug = 0
		    /* | SR_D_CMD */
		    /* | SR_D_MISC */
		    /* | SR_D_INTR */
		    /* | SR_D_IOCTL */
		    /* | SR_D_CCB */
		    /* | SR_D_WU */
		    /* | SR_D_META */
		    /* | SR_D_DIS */
		    /* | SR_D_STATE */
		    /* | SR_D_REBUILD */
		;
#endif

struct sr_softc	*softraid0;
struct sr_uuid	sr_bootuuid;
u_int8_t	sr_bootkey[SR_CRYPTO_MAXKEYBYTES];

int		sr_match(struct device *, void *, void *);
void		sr_attach(struct device *, struct device *, void *);
int		sr_detach(struct device *, int);
void		sr_map_root(void);

const struct cfattach softraid_ca = {
	sizeof(struct sr_softc), sr_match, sr_attach, sr_detach,
};

struct cfdriver softraid_cd = {
	NULL, "softraid", DV_DULL, CD_COCOVM
};

/* scsi & discipline */
void			sr_scsi_cmd(struct scsi_xfer *);
int			sr_scsi_probe(struct scsi_link *);
int			sr_scsi_ioctl(struct scsi_link *, u_long,
			    caddr_t, int);
int			sr_bio_ioctl(struct device *, u_long, caddr_t);
int			sr_bio_handler(struct sr_softc *,
			    struct sr_discipline *, u_long, struct bio *);
int			sr_ioctl_inq(struct sr_softc *, struct bioc_inq *);
int			sr_ioctl_vol(struct sr_softc *, struct bioc_vol *);
int			sr_ioctl_disk(struct sr_softc *, struct bioc_disk *);
int			sr_ioctl_setstate(struct sr_softc *,
			    struct bioc_setstate *);
int			sr_ioctl_createraid(struct sr_softc *,
			    struct bioc_createraid *, int, void *);
int			sr_ioctl_deleteraid(struct sr_softc *,
			    struct sr_discipline *, struct bioc_deleteraid *);
int			sr_ioctl_discipline(struct sr_softc *,
			    struct sr_discipline *, struct bioc_discipline *);
int			sr_ioctl_installboot(struct sr_softc *,
			    struct sr_discipline *, struct bioc_installboot *);
void			sr_chunks_unwind(struct sr_softc *,
			    struct sr_chunk_head *);
void			sr_discipline_free(struct sr_discipline *);
void			sr_discipline_shutdown(struct sr_discipline *, int, int);
int			sr_discipline_init(struct sr_discipline *, int);
int			sr_alloc_resources(struct sr_discipline *);
void			sr_free_resources(struct sr_discipline *);
void			sr_set_chunk_state(struct sr_discipline *, int, int);
void			sr_set_vol_state(struct sr_discipline *);

/* utility functions */
void			sr_shutdown(int);
void			sr_uuid_generate(struct sr_uuid *);
char			*sr_uuid_format(struct sr_uuid *);
void			sr_uuid_print(struct sr_uuid *, int);
void			sr_checksum_print(u_int8_t *);
int			sr_boot_assembly(struct sr_softc *);
int			sr_already_assembled(struct sr_discipline *);
int			sr_hotspare(struct sr_softc *, dev_t);
void			sr_hotspare_rebuild(struct sr_discipline *);
int			sr_rebuild_init(struct sr_discipline *, dev_t, int);
void			sr_rebuild_start(void *);
void			sr_rebuild_thread(void *);
void			sr_rebuild(struct sr_discipline *);
void			sr_roam_chunks(struct sr_discipline *);
int			sr_chunk_in_use(struct sr_softc *, dev_t);
int			sr_rw(struct sr_softc *, dev_t, char *, size_t,
			    daddr_t, long);
void			sr_wu_done_callback(void *);
struct sr_discipline	*sr_find_discipline(struct sr_softc *sc, const char *);

/* don't include these on RAMDISK */
#ifndef SMALL_KERNEL
void			sr_sensors_refresh(void *);
int			sr_sensors_create(struct sr_discipline *);
void			sr_sensors_delete(struct sr_discipline *);
#endif

/* metadata */
int			sr_meta_probe(struct sr_discipline *, dev_t *, int);
int			sr_meta_attach(struct sr_discipline *, int, int);
int			sr_meta_rw(struct sr_discipline *, dev_t, void *, long);
int			sr_meta_clear(struct sr_discipline *);
void			sr_meta_init(struct sr_discipline *, int, int);
void			sr_meta_init_complete(struct sr_discipline *);
void			sr_meta_opt_handler(struct sr_discipline *,
			    struct sr_meta_opt_hdr *);

/* hotplug magic */
void			sr_disk_attach(struct disk *, int);

struct sr_hotplug_list {
	void			(*sh_hotplug)(struct sr_discipline *,
				    struct disk *, int);
	struct sr_discipline	*sh_sd;

	SLIST_ENTRY(sr_hotplug_list) shl_link;
};
SLIST_HEAD(sr_hotplug_list_head, sr_hotplug_list);

struct			sr_hotplug_list_head	sr_hotplug_callbacks;
extern void		(*softraid_disk_attach)(struct disk *, int);

/* scsi glue */
const struct scsi_adapter sr_switch = {
	sr_scsi_cmd, NULL, sr_scsi_probe, NULL, sr_scsi_ioctl
};

/* native metadata format */
int			sr_meta_native_bootprobe(struct sr_softc *, dev_t,
			    struct sr_boot_chunk_head *);
#define SR_META_NOTCLAIMED	(0)
#define SR_META_CLAIMED		(1)
int			sr_meta_native_probe(struct sr_softc *,
			   struct sr_chunk *);
int			sr_meta_native_attach(struct sr_discipline *, int);
int			sr_meta_native_write(struct sr_discipline *, dev_t,
			    struct sr_metadata *,void *);

#ifdef SR_DEBUG
void			sr_meta_print(struct sr_metadata *);
#else
#define			sr_meta_print(m)
#endif

/* the metadata driver should remain stateless */
struct sr_meta_driver {
	daddr_t			smd_offset;	/* metadata location */
	u_int32_t		smd_size;	/* size of metadata */

	int			(*smd_probe)(struct sr_softc *,
				   struct sr_chunk *);
	int			(*smd_attach)(struct sr_discipline *, int);
	int			(*smd_detach)(struct sr_discipline *);
	int			(*smd_read)(struct sr_discipline *, dev_t,
				    struct sr_metadata *, void *);
	int			(*smd_write)(struct sr_discipline *, dev_t,
				    struct sr_metadata *, void *);
	int			(*smd_validate)(struct sr_discipline *,
				    struct sr_metadata *, void *);
} smd[] = {
	{ SR_META_OFFSET, SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE,
	  sr_meta_native_probe, sr_meta_native_attach, NULL,
	  sr_meta_native_read, sr_meta_native_write, NULL },
	{ 0, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }
};

int
sr_meta_attach(struct sr_discipline *sd, int chunk_no, int force)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
	struct sr_chunk_head	*cl;
	struct sr_chunk		*ch_entry, *chunk1, *chunk2;
	int			rv = 1, i = 0;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_attach(%d)\n", DEVNAME(sc), chunk_no);

	/* in memory copy of metadata */
	sd->sd_meta = malloc(SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE, M_DEVBUF,
	    M_ZERO | M_NOWAIT);
	if (!sd->sd_meta) {
		sr_error(sc, "could not allocate memory for metadata");
		goto bad;
	}

	if (sd->sd_meta_type != SR_META_F_NATIVE) {
		/* in memory copy of foreign metadata */
		sd->sd_meta_foreign = malloc(smd[sd->sd_meta_type].smd_size,
		    M_DEVBUF, M_ZERO | M_NOWAIT);
		if (!sd->sd_meta_foreign) {
			/* unwind frees sd_meta */
			sr_error(sc, "could not allocate memory for foreign "
			    "metadata");
			goto bad;
		}
	}

	/* we have a valid list now create an array index */
	cl = &sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_list;
	sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks = mallocarray(chunk_no, sizeof(struct sr_chunk *),
	    M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);

	/* fill out chunk array */
	i = 0;
	SLIST_FOREACH(ch_entry, cl, src_link)
		sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[i++] = ch_entry;

	/* attach metadata */
	if (smd[sd->sd_meta_type].smd_attach(sd, force))
		goto bad;

	/* Force chunks into correct order now that metadata is attached. */
	SLIST_INIT(cl);
	for (i = 0; i < chunk_no; i++) {
		ch_entry = sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[i];
		chunk2 = NULL;
		SLIST_FOREACH(chunk1, cl, src_link) {
			if (chunk1->src_meta.scmi.scm_chunk_id >
			    ch_entry->src_meta.scmi.scm_chunk_id)
				break;
			chunk2 = chunk1;
		}
		if (chunk2 == NULL)
			SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(cl, ch_entry, src_link);
		else
			SLIST_INSERT_AFTER(chunk2, ch_entry, src_link);
	}
	i = 0;
	SLIST_FOREACH(ch_entry, cl, src_link)
		sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[i++] = ch_entry;

	rv = 0;
bad:
	return (rv);
}

int
sr_meta_probe(struct sr_discipline *sd, dev_t *dt, int no_chunk)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
	struct vnode		*vn;
	struct sr_chunk		*ch_entry, *ch_prev = NULL;
	struct sr_chunk_head	*cl;
	char			devname[32];
	int			i, d, type, found, prevf, error;
	dev_t			dev;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_probe(%d)\n", DEVNAME(sc), no_chunk);

	if (no_chunk == 0)
		goto unwind;

	cl = &sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_list;

	for (d = 0, prevf = SR_META_F_INVALID; d < no_chunk; d++) {
		ch_entry = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_chunk), M_DEVBUF,
		    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
		/* keep disks in user supplied order */
		if (ch_prev)
			SLIST_INSERT_AFTER(ch_prev, ch_entry, src_link);
		else
			SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(cl, ch_entry, src_link);
		ch_prev = ch_entry;
		dev = dt[d];
		ch_entry->src_dev_mm = dev;

		if (dev == NODEV) {
			ch_entry->src_meta.scm_status = BIOC_SDOFFLINE;
			continue;
		} else {
			sr_meta_getdevname(sc, dev, devname, sizeof(devname));
			if (bdevvp(dev, &vn)) {
				sr_error(sc, "sr_meta_probe: cannot allocate "
				    "vnode");
				goto unwind;
			}

			/*
			 * XXX leaving dev open for now; move this to attach
			 * and figure out the open/close dance for unwind.
			 */
			error = VOP_OPEN(vn, FREAD | FWRITE, NOCRED, curproc);
			if (error) {
				DNPRINTF(SR_D_META,"%s: sr_meta_probe can't "
				    "open %s\n", DEVNAME(sc), devname);
				vput(vn);
				goto unwind;
			}

			strlcpy(ch_entry->src_devname, devname,
			    sizeof(ch_entry->src_devname));
			ch_entry->src_vn = vn;
		}

		/* determine if this is a device we understand */
		for (i = 0, found = SR_META_F_INVALID; smd[i].smd_probe; i++) {
			type = smd[i].smd_probe(sc, ch_entry);
			if (type == SR_META_F_INVALID)
				continue;
			else {
				found = type;
				break;
			}
		}

		if (found == SR_META_F_INVALID)
			goto unwind;
		if (prevf == SR_META_F_INVALID)
			prevf = found;
		if (prevf != found) {
			DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: prevf != found\n",
			    DEVNAME(sc));
			goto unwind;
		}
	}

	return (prevf);
unwind:
	return (SR_META_F_INVALID);
}

void
sr_meta_getdevname(struct sr_softc *sc, dev_t dev, char *buf, int size)
{
	int			maj, unit, part;
	char			*name;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_getdevname(%p, %d)\n",
	    DEVNAME(sc), buf, size);

	if (!buf)
		return;

	maj = major(dev);
	part = DISKPART(dev);
	unit = DISKUNIT(dev);

	name = findblkname(maj);
	if (name == NULL)
		return;

	snprintf(buf, size, "%s%d%c", name, unit, DL_PARTNUM2NAME(part));
}

int
sr_rw(struct sr_softc *sc, dev_t dev, char *buf, size_t size, daddr_t blkno,
    long flags)
{
	struct vnode		*vp;
	struct buf		b;
	size_t			bufsize, dma_bufsize;
	int			rv = 1;
	char			*dma_buf;
	int			s;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_MISC, "%s: sr_rw(0x%x, %p, %zu, %lld 0x%lx)\n",
	    DEVNAME(sc), dev, buf, size, (long long)blkno, flags);

	dma_bufsize = (size > MAXPHYS) ? MAXPHYS : size;
	dma_buf = dma_alloc(dma_bufsize, PR_WAITOK);

	if (bdevvp(dev, &vp)) {
		printf("%s: sr_rw: failed to allocate vnode\n", DEVNAME(sc));
		goto done;
	}

	while (size > 0) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_MISC, "%s: dma_buf %p, size %zu, blkno %lld)\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), dma_buf, size, (long long)blkno);

		bufsize = (size > MAXPHYS) ? MAXPHYS : size;
		if (flags == B_WRITE)
			memcpy(dma_buf, buf, bufsize);

		bzero(&b, sizeof(b));
		b.b_flags = flags | B_PHYS;
		b.b_proc = curproc;
		b.b_dev = dev;
		b.b_iodone = NULL;
		b.b_error = 0;
		b.b_blkno = blkno;
		b.b_data = dma_buf;
		b.b_bcount = bufsize;
		b.b_bufsize = bufsize;
		b.b_resid = bufsize;
		b.b_vp = vp;

		if ((b.b_flags & B_READ) == 0) {
			s = splbio();
			vp->v_numoutput++;
			splx(s);
		}

		VOP_STRATEGY(vp, &b);
		biowait(&b);

		if (b.b_flags & B_ERROR) {
			printf("%s: I/O error %d on dev 0x%x at block %llu\n",
			    DEVNAME(sc), b.b_error, dev, b.b_blkno);
			goto done;
		}

		if (flags == B_READ)
			memcpy(buf, dma_buf, bufsize);

		size -= bufsize;
		buf += bufsize;
		blkno += howmany(bufsize, DEV_BSIZE);
	}

	rv = 0;

done:
	if (vp)
		vput(vp);

	dma_free(dma_buf, dma_bufsize);

	return (rv);
}

int
sr_meta_rw(struct sr_discipline *sd, dev_t dev, void *md, long flags)
{
	int			rv = 1;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_rw(0x%x, %p, 0x%lx)\n",
	    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), dev, md, flags);

	if (md == NULL) {
		printf("%s: sr_meta_rw: invalid metadata pointer\n",
		    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc));
		goto done;
	}

	rv = sr_rw(sd->sd_sc, dev, md, SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE,
	    SR_META_OFFSET, flags);

done:
	return (rv);
}

int
sr_meta_clear(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
	struct sr_chunk_head	*cl = &sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_list;
	struct sr_chunk		*ch_entry;
	void			*m;
	int			rv = 1;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_clear\n", DEVNAME(sc));

	if (sd->sd_meta_type != SR_META_F_NATIVE) {
		sr_error(sc, "cannot clear foreign metadata");
		goto done;
	}

	m = malloc(SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
	SLIST_FOREACH(ch_entry, cl, src_link) {
		if (sr_meta_native_write(sd, ch_entry->src_dev_mm, m, NULL)) {
			/* XXX mark disk offline */
			DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_clear failed to "
			    "clear %s\n", DEVNAME(sc), ch_entry->src_devname);
			rv++;
			continue;
		}
		bzero(&ch_entry->src_meta, sizeof(ch_entry->src_meta));
	}

	bzero(sd->sd_meta, SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE);

	free(m, M_DEVBUF, SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE);
	rv = 0;
done:
	return (rv);
}

void
sr_meta_init(struct sr_discipline *sd, int level, int no_chunk)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
	struct sr_metadata	*sm = sd->sd_meta;
	struct sr_chunk_head	*cl = &sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_list;
	struct sr_meta_chunk	*scm;
	struct sr_chunk		*chunk;
	int			cid = 0;
	u_int64_t		max_chunk_sz = 0, min_chunk_sz = 0;
	u_int32_t		secsize = DEV_BSIZE;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_init\n", DEVNAME(sc));

	if (!sm)
		return;

	/* Initialise volume metadata. */
	sm->ssdi.ssd_magic = SR_MAGIC;
	sm->ssdi.ssd_version = SR_META_VERSION;
	sm->ssdi.ssd_vol_flags = sd->sd_meta_flags;
	sm->ssdi.ssd_volid = 0;
	sm->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no = no_chunk;
	sm->ssdi.ssd_level = level;

	sm->ssd_data_blkno = SR_DATA_OFFSET;
	sm->ssd_ondisk = 0;

	sr_uuid_generate(&sm->ssdi.ssd_uuid);

	/* Initialise chunk metadata and get min/max chunk sizes & secsize. */
	SLIST_FOREACH(chunk, cl, src_link) {
		scm = &chunk->src_meta;
		scm->scmi.scm_size = chunk->src_size;
		scm->scmi.scm_chunk_id = cid++;
		scm->scm_status = BIOC_SDONLINE;
		scm->scmi.scm_volid = 0;
		strlcpy(scm->scmi.scm_devname, chunk->src_devname,
		    sizeof(scm->scmi.scm_devname));
		memcpy(&scm->scmi.scm_uuid, &sm->ssdi.ssd_uuid,
		    sizeof(scm->scmi.scm_uuid));
		sr_checksum(sc, scm, &scm->scm_checksum,
		    sizeof(scm->scm_checksum));

		if (min_chunk_sz == 0)
			min_chunk_sz = scm->scmi.scm_size;
		if (chunk->src_secsize > secsize)
			secsize = chunk->src_secsize;
		min_chunk_sz = MIN(min_chunk_sz, scm->scmi.scm_size);
		max_chunk_sz = MAX(max_chunk_sz, scm->scmi.scm_size);
	}

	sm->ssdi.ssd_secsize = secsize;

	/* Equalize chunk sizes. */
	SLIST_FOREACH(chunk, cl, src_link)
		chunk->src_meta.scmi.scm_coerced_size = min_chunk_sz;

	sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_minsz = min_chunk_sz;
	sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_maxsz = max_chunk_sz;
}

void
sr_meta_init_complete(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
#ifdef SR_DEBUG
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
#endif
	struct sr_metadata	*sm = sd->sd_meta;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_complete\n", DEVNAME(sc));

	/* Complete initialisation of volume metadata. */
	strlcpy(sm->ssdi.ssd_vendor, "OPENBSD", sizeof(sm->ssdi.ssd_vendor));
	snprintf(sm->ssdi.ssd_product, sizeof(sm->ssdi.ssd_product),
	    "SR %s", sd->sd_name);
	snprintf(sm->ssdi.ssd_revision, sizeof(sm->ssdi.ssd_revision),
	    "%03d", sm->ssdi.ssd_version);
}

void
sr_meta_opt_handler(struct sr_discipline *sd, struct sr_meta_opt_hdr *om)
{
	if (om->som_type != SR_OPT_BOOT)
		panic("unknown optional metadata type");
}

void
sr_meta_save_callback(void *xsd)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = xsd;
	int			s;

	s = splbio();

	if (sr_meta_save(sd, SR_META_DIRTY))
		printf("%s: save metadata failed\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc));

	sd->sd_must_flush = 0;
	splx(s);
}

int
sr_meta_save(struct sr_discipline *sd, u_int32_t flags)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
	struct sr_metadata	*sm = sd->sd_meta, *m;
	struct sr_meta_driver	*s;
	struct sr_chunk		*src;
	struct sr_meta_chunk	*cm;
	struct sr_workunit	wu;
	struct sr_meta_opt_hdr	*omh;
	struct sr_meta_opt_item *omi;
	int			i;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_save %s\n",
	    DEVNAME(sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);

	if (!sm) {
		printf("%s: no in memory copy of metadata\n", DEVNAME(sc));
		goto bad;
	}

	/* meta scratchpad */
	s = &smd[sd->sd_meta_type];
	m = malloc(SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE, M_DEVBUF, M_ZERO | M_NOWAIT);
	if (!m) {
		printf("%s: could not allocate metadata scratch area\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc));
		goto bad;
	}

	/* from here on out metadata is updated */
restart:
	sm->ssd_ondisk++;
	sm->ssd_meta_flags = flags;
	memcpy(m, sm, sizeof(*m));

	/* Chunk metadata. */
	cm = (struct sr_meta_chunk *)(m + 1);
	for (i = 0; i < sm->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no; i++) {
		src = sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[i];
		memcpy(cm, &src->src_meta, sizeof(*cm));
		cm++;
	}

	/* Optional metadata. */
	omh = (struct sr_meta_opt_hdr *)(cm);
	SLIST_FOREACH(omi, &sd->sd_meta_opt, omi_link) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: saving optional metadata type %u with "
		    "length %u\n", DEVNAME(sc), omi->omi_som->som_type,
		    omi->omi_som->som_length);
		bzero(&omi->omi_som->som_checksum, MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH);
		sr_checksum(sc, omi->omi_som, &omi->omi_som->som_checksum,
		    omi->omi_som->som_length);
		memcpy(omh, omi->omi_som, omi->omi_som->som_length);
		omh = (struct sr_meta_opt_hdr *)((u_int8_t *)omh +
		    omi->omi_som->som_length);
	}

	for (i = 0; i < sm->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no; i++) {
		src = sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[i];

		/* skip disks that are offline */
		if (src->src_meta.scm_status == BIOC_SDOFFLINE)
			continue;

		/* calculate metadata checksum for correct chunk */
		m->ssdi.ssd_chunk_id = i;
		sr_checksum(sc, m, &m->ssd_checksum,
		    sizeof(struct sr_meta_invariant));

#ifdef SR_DEBUG
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_save %s: volid: %d "
		    "chunkid: %d checksum: ",
		    DEVNAME(sc), src->src_meta.scmi.scm_devname,
		    m->ssdi.ssd_volid, m->ssdi.ssd_chunk_id);

		if (sr_debug & SR_D_META)
			sr_checksum_print((u_int8_t *)&m->ssd_checksum);
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "\n");
		sr_meta_print(m);
#endif

		/* translate and write to disk */
		if (s->smd_write(sd, src->src_dev_mm, m, NULL /* XXX */)) {
			printf("%s: could not write metadata to %s\n",
			    DEVNAME(sc), src->src_devname);
			/* restart the meta write */
			src->src_meta.scm_status = BIOC_SDOFFLINE;
			/* XXX recalculate volume status */
			goto restart;
		}
	}

	/* not all disciplines have sync */
	if (sd->sd_scsi_sync) {
		bzero(&wu, sizeof(wu));
		wu.swu_flags |= SR_WUF_FAKE;
		wu.swu_dis = sd;
		sd->sd_scsi_sync(&wu);
	}
	free(m, M_DEVBUF, SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE);
	return (0);
bad:
	return (1);
}

int
sr_meta_read(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
	struct sr_chunk_head	*cl = &sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_list;
	struct sr_metadata	*sm;
	struct sr_chunk		*ch_entry;
	struct sr_meta_chunk	*cp;
	struct sr_meta_driver	*s;
	void			*fm = NULL;
	int			no_disk = 0, got_meta = 0;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_read\n", DEVNAME(sc));

	sm = malloc(SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
	s = &smd[sd->sd_meta_type];
	if (sd->sd_meta_type != SR_META_F_NATIVE)
		fm = malloc(s->smd_size, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);

	cp = (struct sr_meta_chunk *)(sm + 1);
	SLIST_FOREACH(ch_entry, cl, src_link) {
		/* skip disks that are offline */
		if (ch_entry->src_meta.scm_status == BIOC_SDOFFLINE) {
			DNPRINTF(SR_D_META,
			    "%s: %s chunk marked offline, spoofing status\n",
			    DEVNAME(sc), ch_entry->src_devname);
			cp++; /* adjust chunk pointer to match failure */
			continue;
		} else if (s->smd_read(sd, ch_entry->src_dev_mm, sm, fm)) {
			/* read and translate */
			/* XXX mark chunk offline, elsewhere!! */
			ch_entry->src_meta.scm_status = BIOC_SDOFFLINE;
			cp++; /* adjust chunk pointer to match failure */
			DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_read failed\n",
			    DEVNAME(sc));
			continue;
		}

		if (sm->ssdi.ssd_magic != SR_MAGIC) {
			DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_read !SR_MAGIC\n",
			    DEVNAME(sc));
			continue;
		}

		/* validate metadata */
		if (sr_meta_validate(sd, ch_entry->src_dev_mm, sm, fm)) {
			DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: invalid metadata\n",
			    DEVNAME(sc));
			no_disk = -1;
			goto done;
		}

		/* assume first chunk contains metadata */
		if (got_meta == 0) {
			sr_meta_opt_load(sc, sm, &sd->sd_meta_opt);
			memcpy(sd->sd_meta, sm, sizeof(*sd->sd_meta));
			got_meta = 1;
		}

		memcpy(&ch_entry->src_meta, cp, sizeof(ch_entry->src_meta));

		no_disk++;
		cp++;
	}

	free(sm, M_DEVBUF, SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE);
	free(fm, M_DEVBUF, s->smd_size);

done:
	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_read found %d parts\n", DEVNAME(sc),
	    no_disk);
	return (no_disk);
}

void
sr_meta_opt_load(struct sr_softc *sc, struct sr_metadata *sm,
    struct sr_meta_opt_head *som)
{
	struct sr_meta_opt_hdr	*omh;
	struct sr_meta_opt_item *omi;
	u_int8_t		checksum[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
	int			i;

	/* Process optional metadata. */
	omh = (struct sr_meta_opt_hdr *)((u_int8_t *)(sm + 1) +
	    sizeof(struct sr_meta_chunk) * sm->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no);
	for (i = 0; i < sm->ssdi.ssd_opt_no; i++) {

		omi = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_meta_opt_item), M_DEVBUF,
		    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
		SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(som, omi, omi_link);

		if (omh->som_length == 0) {

			/* Load old fixed length optional metadata. */
			DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: old optional metadata of type "
			    "%u\n", DEVNAME(sc), omh->som_type);

			/* Validate checksum. */
			sr_checksum(sc, (void *)omh, &checksum,
			    SR_OLD_META_OPT_SIZE - MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH);
			if (bcmp(&checksum, (void *)omh + SR_OLD_META_OPT_MD5,
			    sizeof(checksum)))
				panic("%s: invalid optional metadata checksum",
				    DEVNAME(sc));

			/* Determine correct length. */
			switch (omh->som_type) {
			case SR_OPT_CRYPTO:
				omh->som_length = sizeof(struct sr_meta_crypto);
				break;
			case SR_OPT_BOOT:
				omh->som_length = sizeof(struct sr_meta_boot);
				break;
			case SR_OPT_KEYDISK:
				omh->som_length =
				    sizeof(struct sr_meta_keydisk);
				break;
			default:
				panic("unknown old optional metadata type %u",
				    omh->som_type);
			}

			omi->omi_som = malloc(omh->som_length, M_DEVBUF,
			    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
			memcpy((u_int8_t *)omi->omi_som + sizeof(*omi->omi_som),
			    (u_int8_t *)omh + SR_OLD_META_OPT_OFFSET,
			    omh->som_length - sizeof(*omi->omi_som));
			omi->omi_som->som_type = omh->som_type;
			omi->omi_som->som_length = omh->som_length;

			omh = (struct sr_meta_opt_hdr *)((void *)omh +
			    SR_OLD_META_OPT_SIZE);
		} else {

			/* Load variable length optional metadata. */
			DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: optional metadata of type %u, "
			    "length %u\n", DEVNAME(sc), omh->som_type,
			    omh->som_length);
			omi->omi_som = malloc(omh->som_length, M_DEVBUF,
			    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
			memcpy(omi->omi_som, omh, omh->som_length);

			/* Validate checksum. */
			memcpy(&checksum, &omi->omi_som->som_checksum,
			    MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH);
			bzero(&omi->omi_som->som_checksum, MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH);
			sr_checksum(sc, omi->omi_som,
			    &omi->omi_som->som_checksum, omh->som_length);
			if (bcmp(&checksum, &omi->omi_som->som_checksum,
			    sizeof(checksum)))
				panic("%s: invalid optional metadata checksum",
				    DEVNAME(sc));

			omh = (struct sr_meta_opt_hdr *)((void *)omh +
			    omh->som_length);
		}
	}
}

int
sr_meta_validate(struct sr_discipline *sd, dev_t dev, struct sr_metadata *sm,
    void *fm)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
	struct sr_meta_driver	*s;
#ifdef SR_DEBUG
	struct sr_meta_chunk	*mc;
#endif
	u_int8_t		checksum[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
	char			devname[32];
	int			rv = 1;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_validate(%p)\n", DEVNAME(sc), sm);

	sr_meta_getdevname(sc, dev, devname, sizeof(devname));

	s = &smd[sd->sd_meta_type];
	if (sd->sd_meta_type != SR_META_F_NATIVE)
		if (s->smd_validate(sd, sm, fm)) {
			sr_error(sc, "invalid foreign metadata");
			goto done;
		}

	/*
	 * at this point all foreign metadata has been translated to the native
	 * format and will be treated just like the native format
	 */

	if (sm->ssdi.ssd_magic != SR_MAGIC) {
		sr_error(sc, "not valid softraid metadata");
		goto done;
	}

	/* Verify metadata checksum. */
	sr_checksum(sc, sm, &checksum, sizeof(struct sr_meta_invariant));
	if (bcmp(&checksum, &sm->ssd_checksum, sizeof(checksum))) {
		sr_error(sc, "invalid metadata checksum");
		goto done;
	}

	/* Handle changes between versions. */
	if (sm->ssdi.ssd_version == 3) {

		/*
		 * Version 3 - update metadata version and fix up data blkno
		 * value since this did not exist in version 3.
		 */
		if (sm->ssd_data_blkno == 0)
			sm->ssd_data_blkno = SR_META_V3_DATA_OFFSET;
		sm->ssdi.ssd_secsize = DEV_BSIZE;

	} else if (sm->ssdi.ssd_version == 4) {

		/*
		 * Version 4 - original metadata format did not store
		 * data blkno so fix this up if necessary.
		 */
		if (sm->ssd_data_blkno == 0)
			sm->ssd_data_blkno = SR_DATA_OFFSET;
		sm->ssdi.ssd_secsize = DEV_BSIZE;

	} else if (sm->ssdi.ssd_version == 5) {

		/*
		 * Version 5 - variable length optional metadata. Migration
		 * from earlier fixed length optional metadata is handled
		 * in sr_meta_read().
		 */
		sm->ssdi.ssd_secsize = DEV_BSIZE;

	} else if (sm->ssdi.ssd_version == SR_META_VERSION) {

		/*
		 * Version 6 - store & report a sector size.
		 */

	} else {

		sr_error(sc, "cannot read metadata version %u on %s, "
		    "expected version %u or earlier",
		    sm->ssdi.ssd_version, devname, SR_META_VERSION);
		goto done;

	}

	/* Update version number and revision string. */
	sm->ssdi.ssd_version = SR_META_VERSION;
	snprintf(sm->ssdi.ssd_revision, sizeof(sm->ssdi.ssd_revision),
	    "%03d", SR_META_VERSION);

#ifdef SR_DEBUG
	/* warn if disk changed order */
	mc = (struct sr_meta_chunk *)(sm + 1);
	if (strncmp(mc[sm->ssdi.ssd_chunk_id].scmi.scm_devname, devname,
	    sizeof(mc[sm->ssdi.ssd_chunk_id].scmi.scm_devname)))
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: roaming device %s -> %s\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), mc[sm->ssdi.ssd_chunk_id].scmi.scm_devname,
		    devname);
#endif

	/* we have meta data on disk */
	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_validate valid metadata %s\n",
	    DEVNAME(sc), devname);

	rv = 0;
done:
	return (rv);
}

int
sr_meta_native_bootprobe(struct sr_softc *sc, dev_t devno,
    struct sr_boot_chunk_head *bch)
{
	struct vnode		*vn;
	struct disklabel	*label = NULL;
	struct sr_metadata	*md = NULL;
	struct sr_discipline	*fake_sd = NULL;
	struct sr_boot_chunk	*bc;
	char			devname[32];
	dev_t			chrdev, rawdev;
	int			error, i;
	int			rv = SR_META_NOTCLAIMED;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_native_bootprobe\n", DEVNAME(sc));

	/*
	 * Use character raw device to avoid SCSI complaints about missing
	 * media on removable media devices.
	 */
	chrdev = blktochr(devno);
	rawdev = MAKEDISKDEV(major(chrdev), DISKUNIT(devno), RAW_PART);
	if (cdevvp(rawdev, &vn)) {
		sr_error(sc, "sr_meta_native_bootprobe: cannot allocate vnode");
		goto done;
	}

	/* open device */
	error = VOP_OPEN(vn, FREAD, NOCRED, curproc);
	if (error) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_native_bootprobe open "
		    "failed\n", DEVNAME(sc));
		vput(vn);
		goto done;
	}

	label = malloc(sizeof(*label), M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);

	/* get disklabel */
	error = VOP_IOCTL(vn, DIOCGDINFO, (caddr_t)label, FREAD, NOCRED,
	    curproc);
	if (error) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_native_bootprobe ioctl "
		    "failed\n", DEVNAME(sc));
		VOP_CLOSE(vn, FREAD, NOCRED, curproc);
		vput(vn);
		goto done;
	}

	/* we are done, close device */
	error = VOP_CLOSE(vn, FREAD, NOCRED, curproc);
	if (error) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_native_bootprobe close "
		    "failed\n", DEVNAME(sc));
		vput(vn);
		goto done;
	}
	vput(vn);

	md = malloc(SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE, M_DEVBUF, M_ZERO | M_NOWAIT);
	if (md == NULL) {
		sr_error(sc, "not enough memory for metadata buffer");
		goto done;
	}

	/* create fake sd to use utility functions */
	fake_sd = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_discipline), M_DEVBUF,
	    M_ZERO | M_NOWAIT);
	if (fake_sd == NULL) {
		sr_error(sc, "not enough memory for fake discipline");
		goto done;
	}
	fake_sd->sd_sc = sc;
	fake_sd->sd_meta_type = SR_META_F_NATIVE;

	for (i = 0; i < MAXPARTITIONS; i++) {
		if (label->d_partitions[i].p_fstype != FS_RAID)
			continue;

		/* open partition */
		rawdev = MAKEDISKDEV(major(devno), DISKUNIT(devno), i);
		if (bdevvp(rawdev, &vn)) {
			sr_error(sc, "sr_meta_native_bootprobe: cannot "
			    "allocate vnode for partition");
			goto done;
		}
		error = VOP_OPEN(vn, FREAD, NOCRED, curproc);
		if (error) {
			DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_native_bootprobe "
			    "open failed, partition %d\n",
			    DEVNAME(sc), i);
			vput(vn);
			continue;
		}

		if (sr_meta_native_read(fake_sd, rawdev, md, NULL)) {
			sr_error(sc, "native bootprobe could not read native "
			    "metadata");
			VOP_CLOSE(vn, FREAD, NOCRED, curproc);
			vput(vn);
			continue;
		}

		/* are we a softraid partition? */
		if (md->ssdi.ssd_magic != SR_MAGIC) {
			VOP_CLOSE(vn, FREAD, NOCRED, curproc);
			vput(vn);
			continue;
		}

		sr_meta_getdevname(sc, rawdev, devname, sizeof(devname));
		if (sr_meta_validate(fake_sd, rawdev, md, NULL) == 0) {
			/* XXX fix M_WAITOK, this is boot time */
			bc = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_boot_chunk),
			    M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
			bc->sbc_metadata = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_metadata),
			    M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
			memcpy(bc->sbc_metadata, md, sizeof(struct sr_metadata));
			bc->sbc_mm = rawdev;
			SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(bch, bc, sbc_link);
			rv = SR_META_CLAIMED;
		}

		/* we are done, close partition */
		VOP_CLOSE(vn, FREAD, NOCRED, curproc);
		vput(vn);
	}

done:
	free(label, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*label));
	free(fake_sd, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(struct sr_discipline));
	free(md, M_DEVBUF, SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE);

	return (rv);
}

int
sr_boot_assembly(struct sr_softc *sc)
{
	struct sr_boot_volume_head bvh;
	struct sr_boot_chunk_head bch, kdh;
	struct sr_boot_volume	*bv, *bv1, *bv2;
	struct sr_boot_chunk	*bc, *bcnext, *bc1, *bc2;
	struct sr_disk_head	sdklist;
	struct sr_disk		*sdk;
	struct disk		*dk;
	struct bioc_createraid	bcr;
	struct sr_meta_chunk	*hm;
	struct sr_chunk_head	*cl;
	struct sr_chunk		*hotspare, *chunk, *last;
	u_int64_t		*ondisk = NULL;
	dev_t			*devs = NULL;
	void			*data;
	char			devname[32];
	int			rv = 0, i;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_boot_assembly\n", DEVNAME(sc));

	SLIST_INIT(&sdklist);
	SLIST_INIT(&bvh);
	SLIST_INIT(&bch);
	SLIST_INIT(&kdh);

	dk = TAILQ_FIRST(&disklist);
	while (dk != NULL) {

		/* See if this disk has been checked. */
		SLIST_FOREACH(sdk, &sdklist, sdk_link)
			if (sdk->sdk_devno == dk->dk_devno)
				break;

		if (sdk != NULL || dk->dk_devno == NODEV) {
			dk = TAILQ_NEXT(dk, dk_link);
			continue;
		}

		/* Add this disk to the list that we've checked. */
		sdk = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_disk), M_DEVBUF,
		    M_NOWAIT | M_ZERO);
		if (sdk == NULL)
			goto unwind;
		sdk->sdk_devno = dk->dk_devno;
		SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&sdklist, sdk, sdk_link);

		/* Only check sd(4) and wd(4) devices. */
		if (strncmp(dk->dk_name, "sd", 2) &&
		    strncmp(dk->dk_name, "wd", 2)) {
			dk = TAILQ_NEXT(dk, dk_link);
			continue;
		}

		/* native softraid uses partitions */
		rw_enter_write(&sc->sc_lock);
		bio_status_init(&sc->sc_status, &sc->sc_dev);
		sr_meta_native_bootprobe(sc, dk->dk_devno, &bch);
		rw_exit_write(&sc->sc_lock);

		/* probe non-native disks if native failed. */

		/* Restart scan since we may have slept. */
		dk = TAILQ_FIRST(&disklist);
	}

	/*
	 * Create a list of volumes and associate chunks with each volume.
	 */
	for (bc = SLIST_FIRST(&bch); bc != NULL; bc = bcnext) {

		bcnext = SLIST_NEXT(bc, sbc_link);
		SLIST_REMOVE(&bch, bc, sr_boot_chunk, sbc_link);
		bc->sbc_chunk_id = bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_chunk_id;

		/* Handle key disks separately. */
		if (bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_level == SR_KEYDISK_LEVEL) {
			SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&kdh, bc, sbc_link);
			continue;
		}

		SLIST_FOREACH(bv, &bvh, sbv_link) {
			if (bcmp(&bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_uuid,
			    &bv->sbv_uuid,
			    sizeof(bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_uuid)) == 0)
				break;
		}

		if (bv == NULL) {
			bv = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_boot_volume),
			    M_DEVBUF, M_NOWAIT | M_ZERO);
			if (bv == NULL) {
				printf("%s: failed to allocate boot volume\n",
				    DEVNAME(sc));
				goto unwind;
			}

			bv->sbv_level = bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_level;
			bv->sbv_volid = bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_volid;
			bv->sbv_chunk_no = bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no;
			bv->sbv_flags = bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_vol_flags;
			memcpy(&bv->sbv_uuid, &bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_uuid,
			    sizeof(bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_uuid));
			SLIST_INIT(&bv->sbv_chunks);

			/* Maintain volume order. */
			bv2 = NULL;
			SLIST_FOREACH(bv1, &bvh, sbv_link) {
				if (bv1->sbv_volid > bv->sbv_volid)
					break;
				bv2 = bv1;
			}
			if (bv2 == NULL) {
				DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: insert volume %u "
				    "at head\n", DEVNAME(sc), bv->sbv_volid);
				SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&bvh, bv, sbv_link);
			} else {
				DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: insert volume %u "
				    "after %u\n", DEVNAME(sc), bv->sbv_volid,
				    bv2->sbv_volid);
				SLIST_INSERT_AFTER(bv2, bv, sbv_link);
			}
		}

		/* Maintain chunk order. */
		bc2 = NULL;
		SLIST_FOREACH(bc1, &bv->sbv_chunks, sbc_link) {
			if (bc1->sbc_chunk_id > bc->sbc_chunk_id)
				break;
			bc2 = bc1;
		}
		if (bc2 == NULL) {
			DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: volume %u insert chunk %u "
			    "at head\n", DEVNAME(sc), bv->sbv_volid,
			    bc->sbc_chunk_id);
			SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&bv->sbv_chunks, bc, sbc_link);
		} else {
			DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: volume %u insert chunk %u "
			    "after %u\n", DEVNAME(sc), bv->sbv_volid,
			    bc->sbc_chunk_id, bc2->sbc_chunk_id);
			SLIST_INSERT_AFTER(bc2, bc, sbc_link);
		}

		bv->sbv_chunks_found++;
	}

	/* Allocate memory for device and ondisk version arrays. */
	devs = mallocarray(BIOC_CRMAXLEN, sizeof(dev_t), M_DEVBUF,
	    M_NOWAIT);
	if (devs == NULL) {
		printf("%s: failed to allocate device array\n", DEVNAME(sc));
		goto unwind;
	}
	ondisk = mallocarray(BIOC_CRMAXLEN, sizeof(u_int64_t), M_DEVBUF,
	    M_NOWAIT);
	if (ondisk == NULL) {
		printf("%s: failed to allocate ondisk array\n", DEVNAME(sc));
		goto unwind;
	}

	/*
	 * Assemble hotspare "volumes".
	 */
	SLIST_FOREACH(bv, &bvh, sbv_link) {

		/* Check if this is a hotspare "volume". */
		if (bv->sbv_level != SR_HOTSPARE_LEVEL ||
		    bv->sbv_chunk_no != 1)
			continue;

#ifdef SR_DEBUG
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: assembling hotspare volume ",
		    DEVNAME(sc));
		if (sr_debug & SR_D_META)
			sr_uuid_print(&bv->sbv_uuid, 0);
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, " volid %u with %u chunks\n",
		    bv->sbv_volid, bv->sbv_chunk_no);
#endif

		/* Create hotspare chunk metadata. */
		hotspare = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_chunk), M_DEVBUF,
		    M_NOWAIT | M_ZERO);
		if (hotspare == NULL) {
			printf("%s: failed to allocate hotspare\n",
			    DEVNAME(sc));
			goto unwind;
		}

		bc = SLIST_FIRST(&bv->sbv_chunks);
		sr_meta_getdevname(sc, bc->sbc_mm, devname, sizeof(devname));
		hotspare->src_dev_mm = bc->sbc_mm;
		strlcpy(hotspare->src_devname, devname,
		    sizeof(hotspare->src_devname));
		hotspare->src_size = bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_size;

		hm = &hotspare->src_meta;
		hm->scmi.scm_volid = SR_HOTSPARE_VOLID;
		hm->scmi.scm_chunk_id = 0;
		hm->scmi.scm_size = bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_size;
		hm->scmi.scm_coerced_size = bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_size;
		strlcpy(hm->scmi.scm_devname, devname,
		    sizeof(hm->scmi.scm_devname));
		memcpy(&hm->scmi.scm_uuid, &bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_uuid,
		    sizeof(struct sr_uuid));

		sr_checksum(sc, hm, &hm->scm_checksum,
		    sizeof(struct sr_meta_chunk_invariant));

		hm->scm_status = BIOC_SDHOTSPARE;

		/* Add chunk to hotspare list. */
		rw_enter_write(&sc->sc_hs_lock);
		cl = &sc->sc_hotspare_list;
		if (SLIST_EMPTY(cl))
			SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(cl, hotspare, src_link);
		else {
			SLIST_FOREACH(chunk, cl, src_link)
				last = chunk;
			SLIST_INSERT_AFTER(last, hotspare, src_link);
		}
		sc->sc_hotspare_no++;
		rw_exit_write(&sc->sc_hs_lock);

	}

	/*
	 * Assemble RAID volumes.
	 */
	SLIST_FOREACH(bv, &bvh, sbv_link) {

		bzero(&bcr, sizeof(bcr));
		data = NULL;

		/* Check if this is a hotspare "volume". */
		if (bv->sbv_level == SR_HOTSPARE_LEVEL &&
		    bv->sbv_chunk_no == 1)
			continue;

		/*
		 * Skip volumes that are marked as no auto assemble, unless
		 * this was the volume which we actually booted from.
		 */
		if (bcmp(&sr_bootuuid, &bv->sbv_uuid, sizeof(sr_bootuuid)) != 0)
			if (bv->sbv_flags & BIOC_SCNOAUTOASSEMBLE)
				continue;

#ifdef SR_DEBUG
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: assembling volume ", DEVNAME(sc));
		if (sr_debug & SR_D_META)
			sr_uuid_print(&bv->sbv_uuid, 0);
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, " volid %u with %u chunks\n",
		    bv->sbv_volid, bv->sbv_chunk_no);
#endif

		/*
		 * If this is a crypto volume, try to find a matching
		 * key disk...
		 */
		bcr.bc_key_disk = NODEV;
		if (bv->sbv_level == 'C' || bv->sbv_level == 0x1C) {
			SLIST_FOREACH(bc, &kdh, sbc_link) {
				if (bcmp(&bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_uuid,
				    &bv->sbv_uuid,
				    sizeof(bc->sbc_metadata->ssdi.ssd_uuid))
				    == 0)
					bcr.bc_key_disk = bc->sbc_mm;
			}
		}

		for (i = 0; i < BIOC_CRMAXLEN; i++) {
			devs[i] = NODEV; /* mark device as illegal */
			ondisk[i] = 0;
		}

		SLIST_FOREACH(bc, &bv->sbv_chunks, sbc_link) {
			if (devs[bc->sbc_chunk_id] != NODEV) {
				bv->sbv_chunks_found--;
				sr_meta_getdevname(sc, bc->sbc_mm, devname,
				    sizeof(devname));
				printf("%s: found duplicate chunk %u for "
				    "volume %u on device %s\n", DEVNAME(sc),
				    bc->sbc_chunk_id, bv->sbv_volid, devname);
			}

			if (devs[bc->sbc_chunk_id] == NODEV ||
			    bc->sbc_metadata->ssd_ondisk >
			    ondisk[bc->sbc_chunk_id]) {
				devs[bc->sbc_chunk_id] = bc->sbc_mm;
				ondisk[bc->sbc_chunk_id] =
				    bc->sbc_metadata->ssd_ondisk;
				DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: using ondisk "
				    "metadata version %llu for chunk %u\n",
				    DEVNAME(sc), ondisk[bc->sbc_chunk_id],
				    bc->sbc_chunk_id);
			}
		}

		if (bv->sbv_chunk_no != bv->sbv_chunks_found) {
			printf("%s: not all chunks were provided; "
			    "attempting to bring volume %d online\n",
			    DEVNAME(sc), bv->sbv_volid);
		}

		bcr.bc_level = bv->sbv_level;
		bcr.bc_dev_list_len = bv->sbv_chunk_no * sizeof(dev_t);
		bcr.bc_dev_list = devs;
		bcr.bc_flags = BIOC_SCDEVT |
		    (bv->sbv_flags & BIOC_SCNOAUTOASSEMBLE);

		if ((bv->sbv_level == 'C' || bv->sbv_level == 0x1C) &&
		    bcmp(&sr_bootuuid, &bv->sbv_uuid, sizeof(sr_bootuuid)) == 0)
			data = sr_bootkey;

		rw_enter_write(&sc->sc_lock);
		bio_status_init(&sc->sc_status, &sc->sc_dev);
		sr_ioctl_createraid(sc, &bcr, 0, data);
		rw_exit_write(&sc->sc_lock);

		rv++;
	}

	/* done with metadata */
unwind:
	/* Free boot volumes and associated chunks. */
	for (bv1 = SLIST_FIRST(&bvh); bv1 != NULL; bv1 = bv2) {
		bv2 = SLIST_NEXT(bv1, sbv_link);
		for (bc1 = SLIST_FIRST(&bv1->sbv_chunks); bc1 != NULL;
		    bc1 = bc2) {
			bc2 = SLIST_NEXT(bc1, sbc_link);
			free(bc1->sbc_metadata, M_DEVBUF,
			    sizeof(*bc1->sbc_metadata));
			free(bc1, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*bc1));
		}
		free(bv1, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*bv1));
	}
	/* Free keydisks chunks. */
	for (bc1 = SLIST_FIRST(&kdh); bc1 != NULL; bc1 = bc2) {
		bc2 = SLIST_NEXT(bc1, sbc_link);
		free(bc1->sbc_metadata, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*bc1->sbc_metadata));
		free(bc1, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*bc1));
	}
	/* Free unallocated chunks. */
	for (bc1 = SLIST_FIRST(&bch); bc1 != NULL; bc1 = bc2) {
		bc2 = SLIST_NEXT(bc1, sbc_link);
		free(bc1->sbc_metadata, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*bc1->sbc_metadata));
		free(bc1, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*bc1));
	}

	while (!SLIST_EMPTY(&sdklist)) {
		sdk = SLIST_FIRST(&sdklist);
		SLIST_REMOVE_HEAD(&sdklist, sdk_link);
		free(sdk, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*sdk));
	}

	free(devs, M_DEVBUF, BIOC_CRMAXLEN * sizeof(dev_t));
	free(ondisk, M_DEVBUF, BIOC_CRMAXLEN * sizeof(u_int64_t));

	return (rv);
}

void
sr_map_root(void)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = softraid0;
	struct sr_discipline	*sd;
	struct sr_meta_opt_item	*omi;
	struct sr_meta_boot	*sbm;
	u_char			duid[8];
	int			i;

	if (sc == NULL)
		return;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_MISC, "%s: sr_map_root\n", DEVNAME(sc));

	bzero(duid, sizeof(duid));
	if (bcmp(rootduid, duid, sizeof(duid)) == 0) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_MISC, "%s: root duid is zero\n", DEVNAME(sc));
		return;
	}

	TAILQ_FOREACH(sd, &sc->sc_dis_list, sd_link) {
		SLIST_FOREACH(omi, &sd->sd_meta_opt, omi_link) {
			if (omi->omi_som->som_type != SR_OPT_BOOT)
				continue;
			sbm = (struct sr_meta_boot *)omi->omi_som;
			for (i = 0; i < SR_MAX_BOOT_DISKS; i++) {
				if (bcmp(rootduid, sbm->sbm_boot_duid[i],
				    sizeof(rootduid)) == 0) {
					memcpy(rootduid, sbm->sbm_root_duid,
					    sizeof(rootduid));
					DNPRINTF(SR_D_MISC, "%s: root duid "
					    "mapped to %s\n", DEVNAME(sc),
					    duid_format(rootduid));
					return;
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

int
sr_meta_native_probe(struct sr_softc *sc, struct sr_chunk *ch_entry)
{
	struct disklabel	*label;
	char			*devname;
	int			error, part;
	u_int64_t		size;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_native_probe(%s)\n",
	   DEVNAME(sc), ch_entry->src_devname);

	devname = ch_entry->src_devname;
	part = DISKPART(ch_entry->src_dev_mm);

	label = malloc(sizeof(*label), M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);

	/* get disklabel */
	error = VOP_IOCTL(ch_entry->src_vn, DIOCGDINFO, (caddr_t)label, FREAD,
	    NOCRED, curproc);
	if (error) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: %s can't obtain disklabel\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), devname);
		goto unwind;
	}
	memcpy(ch_entry->src_duid, label->d_uid, sizeof(ch_entry->src_duid));

	/* make sure the partition is of the right type */
	if (label->d_partitions[part].p_fstype != FS_RAID) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META,
		    "%s: %s partition not of type RAID (%d)\n", DEVNAME(sc),
		    devname,
		    label->d_partitions[part].p_fstype);
		goto unwind;
	}

	size = DL_SECTOBLK(label, DL_GETPSIZE(&label->d_partitions[part]));
	if (size <= SR_DATA_OFFSET) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: %s partition too small\n", DEVNAME(sc),
		    devname);
		goto unwind;
	}
	size -= SR_DATA_OFFSET;
	if (size > INT64_MAX) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: %s partition too large\n", DEVNAME(sc),
		    devname);
		goto unwind;
	}
	ch_entry->src_size = size;
	ch_entry->src_secsize = label->d_secsize;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: probe found %s size %lld\n", DEVNAME(sc),
	    devname, (long long)size);

	free(label, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*label));
	return (SR_META_F_NATIVE);
unwind:
	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: invalid device: %s\n", DEVNAME(sc),
	    devname ? devname : "nodev");
	free(label, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*label));
	return (SR_META_F_INVALID);
}

int
sr_meta_native_attach(struct sr_discipline *sd, int force)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
	struct sr_chunk_head	*cl = &sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_list;
	struct sr_metadata	*md = NULL;
	struct sr_chunk		*ch_entry, *ch_next;
	struct sr_uuid		uuid;
	u_int64_t		version = 0;
	int			sr, not_sr, rv = 1, d, expected = -1, old_meta = 0;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_native_attach\n", DEVNAME(sc));

	md = malloc(SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE, M_DEVBUF, M_ZERO | M_NOWAIT);
	if (md == NULL) {
		sr_error(sc, "not enough memory for metadata buffer");
		goto bad;
	}

	bzero(&uuid, sizeof uuid);

	sr = not_sr = d = 0;
	SLIST_FOREACH(ch_entry, cl, src_link) {
		if (ch_entry->src_dev_mm == NODEV)
			continue;

		if (sr_meta_native_read(sd, ch_entry->src_dev_mm, md, NULL)) {
			sr_error(sc, "could not read native metadata");
			goto bad;
		}

		if (md->ssdi.ssd_magic == SR_MAGIC) {
			sr++;
			ch_entry->src_meta.scmi.scm_chunk_id =
			    md->ssdi.ssd_chunk_id;
			if (d == 0) {
				memcpy(&uuid, &md->ssdi.ssd_uuid, sizeof uuid);
				expected = md->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no;
				version = md->ssd_ondisk;
				d++;
				continue;
			} else if (bcmp(&md->ssdi.ssd_uuid, &uuid,
			    sizeof uuid)) {
				sr_error(sc, "not part of the same volume");
				goto bad;
			}
			if (md->ssd_ondisk != version) {
				old_meta++;
				version = MAX(md->ssd_ondisk, version);
			}
		} else
			not_sr++;
	}

	if (sr && not_sr && !force) {
		sr_error(sc, "not all chunks are of the native metadata "
		    "format");
		goto bad;
	}

	/* mixed metadata versions; mark bad disks offline */
	if (old_meta) {
		d = 0;
		for (ch_entry = SLIST_FIRST(cl); ch_entry != NULL;
		    ch_entry = ch_next, d++) {
			ch_next = SLIST_NEXT(ch_entry, src_link);

			/* XXX do we want to read this again? */
			if (ch_entry->src_dev_mm == NODEV)
				panic("src_dev_mm == NODEV");
			if (sr_meta_native_read(sd, ch_entry->src_dev_mm, md,
			    NULL))
				sr_warn(sc, "could not read native metadata");
			if (md->ssd_ondisk != version)
				sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[d]->src_meta.scm_status =
				    BIOC_SDOFFLINE;
		}
	}

	if (expected != sr && !force && expected != -1) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: not all chunks were provided, trying "
		    "anyway\n", DEVNAME(sc));
	}

	rv = 0;
bad:
	free(md, M_DEVBUF, SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE);
	return (rv);
}

int
sr_meta_native_read(struct sr_discipline *sd, dev_t dev,
    struct sr_metadata *md, void *fm)
{
#ifdef SR_DEBUG
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
#endif
	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_native_read(0x%x, %p)\n",
	    DEVNAME(sc), dev, md);

	return (sr_meta_rw(sd, dev, md, B_READ));
}

int
sr_meta_native_write(struct sr_discipline *sd, dev_t dev,
    struct sr_metadata *md, void *fm)
{
#ifdef SR_DEBUG
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
#endif
	DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_meta_native_write(0x%x, %p)\n",
	    DEVNAME(sc), dev, md);

	return (sr_meta_rw(sd, dev, md, B_WRITE));
}

void
sr_hotplug_register(struct sr_discipline *sd, void *func)
{
	struct sr_hotplug_list	*mhe;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_MISC, "%s: sr_hotplug_register: %p\n",
	    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), func);

	/* make sure we aren't on the list yet */
	SLIST_FOREACH(mhe, &sr_hotplug_callbacks, shl_link)
		if (mhe->sh_hotplug == func)
			return;

	mhe = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_hotplug_list), M_DEVBUF,
	    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
	mhe->sh_hotplug = func;
	mhe->sh_sd = sd;
	SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&sr_hotplug_callbacks, mhe, shl_link);
}

void
sr_hotplug_unregister(struct sr_discipline *sd, void *func)
{
	struct sr_hotplug_list	*mhe;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_MISC, "%s: sr_hotplug_unregister: %s %p\n",
	    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname, func);

	/* make sure we are on the list yet */
	SLIST_FOREACH(mhe, &sr_hotplug_callbacks, shl_link) {
		if (mhe->sh_hotplug == func)
			break;
	}
	if (mhe != NULL) {
		SLIST_REMOVE(&sr_hotplug_callbacks, mhe,
		    sr_hotplug_list, shl_link);
		free(mhe, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*mhe));
	}
}

void
sr_disk_attach(struct disk *diskp, int action)
{
	struct sr_hotplug_list	*mhe;

	SLIST_FOREACH(mhe, &sr_hotplug_callbacks, shl_link)
		if (mhe->sh_sd->sd_ready)
			mhe->sh_hotplug(mhe->sh_sd, diskp, action);
}

int
sr_match(struct device *parent, void *match, void *aux)
{
	return (1);
}

void
sr_attach(struct device *parent, struct device *self, void *aux)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = (void *)self;
	struct scsibus_attach_args saa;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_MISC, "\n%s: sr_attach", DEVNAME(sc));

	if (softraid0 == NULL)
		softraid0 = sc;

	rw_init(&sc->sc_lock, "sr_lock");
	rw_init(&sc->sc_hs_lock, "sr_hs_lock");

	SLIST_INIT(&sr_hotplug_callbacks);
	TAILQ_INIT(&sc->sc_dis_list);
	SLIST_INIT(&sc->sc_hotspare_list);

#if NBIO > 0
	if (bio_register(&sc->sc_dev, sr_bio_ioctl) != 0)
		printf("%s: controller registration failed", DEVNAME(sc));
#endif /* NBIO > 0 */

#ifndef SMALL_KERNEL
	strlcpy(sc->sc_sensordev.xname, DEVNAME(sc),
	    sizeof(sc->sc_sensordev.xname));
	sensordev_install(&sc->sc_sensordev);
#endif /* SMALL_KERNEL */

	printf("\n");

	saa.saa_adapter_softc = sc;
	saa.saa_adapter = &sr_switch;
	saa.saa_adapter_target = SDEV_NO_ADAPTER_TARGET;
	saa.saa_adapter_buswidth = SR_MAX_LD;
	saa.saa_luns = 1;
	saa.saa_openings = 0;
	saa.saa_pool = NULL;
	saa.saa_quirks = saa.saa_flags = 0;
	saa.saa_wwpn = saa.saa_wwnn = 0;

	sc->sc_scsibus = (struct scsibus_softc *)config_found(&sc->sc_dev, &saa,
	    scsiprint);

	softraid_disk_attach = sr_disk_attach;

	sr_boot_assembly(sc);

	explicit_bzero(sr_bootkey, sizeof(sr_bootkey));
}

int
sr_detach(struct device *self, int flags)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = (void *)self;
	int			rv;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_MISC, "%s: sr_detach\n", DEVNAME(sc));

	softraid_disk_attach = NULL;

	sr_shutdown(0);

#ifndef SMALL_KERNEL
	if (sc->sc_sensor_task != NULL)
		sensor_task_unregister(sc->sc_sensor_task);
	sensordev_deinstall(&sc->sc_sensordev);
#endif /* SMALL_KERNEL */

	if (sc->sc_scsibus != NULL) {
		rv = config_detach((struct device *)sc->sc_scsibus, flags);
		if (rv != 0)
			return (rv);
		sc->sc_scsibus = NULL;
	}

	return (0);
}

void
sr_info(struct sr_softc *sc, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list			ap;

	rw_assert_wrlock(&sc->sc_lock);

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	bio_status(&sc->sc_status, 0, BIO_MSG_INFO, fmt, &ap);
	va_end(ap);
}

void
sr_warn(struct sr_softc *sc, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list			ap;

	rw_assert_wrlock(&sc->sc_lock);

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	bio_status(&sc->sc_status, 1, BIO_MSG_WARN, fmt, &ap);
	va_end(ap);
}

void
sr_error(struct sr_softc *sc, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list			ap;

	rw_assert_wrlock(&sc->sc_lock);

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	bio_status(&sc->sc_status, 1, BIO_MSG_ERROR, fmt, &ap);
	va_end(ap);
}

int
sr_ccb_alloc(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	struct sr_ccb		*ccb;
	int			i;

	if (!sd)
		return (1);

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_CCB, "%s: sr_ccb_alloc\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc));

	if (sd->sd_ccb)
		return (1);

	sd->sd_ccb = mallocarray(sd->sd_max_wu,
	    sd->sd_max_ccb_per_wu * sizeof(struct sr_ccb),
	    M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
	TAILQ_INIT(&sd->sd_ccb_freeq);
	for (i = 0; i < sd->sd_max_wu * sd->sd_max_ccb_per_wu; i++) {
		ccb = &sd->sd_ccb[i];
		ccb->ccb_dis = sd;
		sr_ccb_put(ccb);
	}

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_CCB, "%s: sr_ccb_alloc ccb: %d\n",
	    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), sd->sd_max_wu * sd->sd_max_ccb_per_wu);

	return (0);
}

void
sr_ccb_free(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	struct sr_ccb		*ccb;

	if (!sd)
		return;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_CCB, "%s: sr_ccb_free %p\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), sd);

	while ((ccb = TAILQ_FIRST(&sd->sd_ccb_freeq)) != NULL)
		TAILQ_REMOVE(&sd->sd_ccb_freeq, ccb, ccb_link);

	free(sd->sd_ccb, M_DEVBUF, sd->sd_max_wu * sd->sd_max_ccb_per_wu *
	    sizeof(struct sr_ccb));
}

struct sr_ccb *
sr_ccb_get(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	struct sr_ccb		*ccb;
	int			s;

	s = splbio();

	ccb = TAILQ_FIRST(&sd->sd_ccb_freeq);
	if (ccb) {
		TAILQ_REMOVE(&sd->sd_ccb_freeq, ccb, ccb_link);
		ccb->ccb_state = SR_CCB_INPROGRESS;
	}

	splx(s);

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_CCB, "%s: sr_ccb_get: %p\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc),
	    ccb);

	return (ccb);
}

void
sr_ccb_put(struct sr_ccb *ccb)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = ccb->ccb_dis;
	int			s;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_CCB, "%s: sr_ccb_put: %p\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc),
	    ccb);

	s = splbio();

	ccb->ccb_wu = NULL;
	ccb->ccb_state = SR_CCB_FREE;
	ccb->ccb_target = -1;
	ccb->ccb_opaque = NULL;

	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&sd->sd_ccb_freeq, ccb, ccb_link);

	splx(s);
}

struct sr_ccb *
sr_ccb_rw(struct sr_discipline *sd, int chunk, daddr_t blkno,
    long len, u_int8_t *data, int xsflags, int ccbflags)
{
	struct sr_chunk		*sc = sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[chunk];
	struct sr_ccb		*ccb = NULL;
	int			s;

	ccb = sr_ccb_get(sd);
	if (ccb == NULL)
		goto out;

	ccb->ccb_flags = ccbflags;
	ccb->ccb_target = chunk;

	ccb->ccb_buf.b_flags = B_PHYS | B_CALL;
	if (ISSET(xsflags, SCSI_DATA_IN))
		ccb->ccb_buf.b_flags |= B_READ;
	else
		ccb->ccb_buf.b_flags |= B_WRITE;

	ccb->ccb_buf.b_blkno = blkno + sd->sd_meta->ssd_data_blkno;
	ccb->ccb_buf.b_bcount = len;
	ccb->ccb_buf.b_bufsize = len;
	ccb->ccb_buf.b_resid = len;
	ccb->ccb_buf.b_data = data;
	ccb->ccb_buf.b_error = 0;
	ccb->ccb_buf.b_iodone = sd->sd_scsi_intr;
	ccb->ccb_buf.b_proc = curproc;
	ccb->ccb_buf.b_dev = sc->src_dev_mm;
	ccb->ccb_buf.b_vp = sc->src_vn;
	ccb->ccb_buf.b_bq = NULL;

	if (!ISSET(ccb->ccb_buf.b_flags, B_READ)) {
		s = splbio();
		ccb->ccb_buf.b_vp->v_numoutput++;
		splx(s);
	}

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_DIS, "%s: %s %s ccb "
	    "b_bcount %ld b_blkno %lld b_flags 0x%0lx b_data %p\n",
	    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname, sd->sd_name,
	    ccb->ccb_buf.b_bcount, (long long)ccb->ccb_buf.b_blkno,
	    ccb->ccb_buf.b_flags, ccb->ccb_buf.b_data);

out:
	return ccb;
}

void
sr_ccb_done(struct sr_ccb *ccb)
{
	struct sr_workunit	*wu = ccb->ccb_wu;
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = wu->swu_dis;
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_INTR, "%s: %s %s ccb done b_bcount %ld b_resid %zu"
	    " b_flags 0x%0lx block %lld target %d\n",
	    DEVNAME(sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname, sd->sd_name,
	    ccb->ccb_buf.b_bcount, ccb->ccb_buf.b_resid, ccb->ccb_buf.b_flags,
	    (long long)ccb->ccb_buf.b_blkno, ccb->ccb_target);

	splassert(IPL_BIO);

	if (ccb->ccb_target == -1)
		panic("%s: invalid target on wu: %p", DEVNAME(sc), wu);

	if (ccb->ccb_buf.b_flags & B_ERROR) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_INTR, "%s: i/o error on block %lld target %d\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), (long long)ccb->ccb_buf.b_blkno,
		    ccb->ccb_target);
		if (ISSET(sd->sd_capabilities, SR_CAP_REDUNDANT))
			sd->sd_set_chunk_state(sd, ccb->ccb_target,
			    BIOC_SDOFFLINE);
		else
			printf("%s: %s: i/o error %d @ %s block %lld\n",
			    DEVNAME(sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname,
			    ccb->ccb_buf.b_error, sd->sd_name,
			    (long long)ccb->ccb_buf.b_blkno);
		ccb->ccb_state = SR_CCB_FAILED;
		wu->swu_ios_failed++;
	} else {
		ccb->ccb_state = SR_CCB_OK;
		wu->swu_ios_succeeded++;
	}

	wu->swu_ios_complete++;
}

int
sr_wu_alloc(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	struct sr_workunit	*wu;
	int			i, no_wu;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_WU, "%s: sr_wu_alloc %p %d\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc),
	    sd, sd->sd_max_wu);

	no_wu = sd->sd_max_wu;
	sd->sd_wu_pending = no_wu;

	mtx_init(&sd->sd_wu_mtx, IPL_BIO);
	TAILQ_INIT(&sd->sd_wu);
	TAILQ_INIT(&sd->sd_wu_freeq);
	TAILQ_INIT(&sd->sd_wu_pendq);
	TAILQ_INIT(&sd->sd_wu_defq);

	for (i = 0; i < no_wu; i++) {
		wu = malloc(sd->sd_wu_size, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&sd->sd_wu, wu, swu_next);
		TAILQ_INIT(&wu->swu_ccb);
		wu->swu_dis = sd;
		task_set(&wu->swu_task, sr_wu_done_callback, wu);
		sr_wu_put(sd, wu);
	}

	return (0);
}

void
sr_wu_free(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	struct sr_workunit	*wu;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_WU, "%s: sr_wu_free %p\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), sd);

	while ((wu = TAILQ_FIRST(&sd->sd_wu_freeq)) != NULL)
		TAILQ_REMOVE(&sd->sd_wu_freeq, wu, swu_link);
	while ((wu = TAILQ_FIRST(&sd->sd_wu_pendq)) != NULL)
		TAILQ_REMOVE(&sd->sd_wu_pendq, wu, swu_link);
	while ((wu = TAILQ_FIRST(&sd->sd_wu_defq)) != NULL)
		TAILQ_REMOVE(&sd->sd_wu_defq, wu, swu_link);

	while ((wu = TAILQ_FIRST(&sd->sd_wu)) != NULL) {
		TAILQ_REMOVE(&sd->sd_wu, wu, swu_next);
		free(wu, M_DEVBUF, sd->sd_wu_size);
	}
}

void *
sr_wu_get(void *xsd)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = (struct sr_discipline *)xsd;
	struct sr_workunit	*wu;

	mtx_enter(&sd->sd_wu_mtx);
	wu = TAILQ_FIRST(&sd->sd_wu_freeq);
	if (wu) {
		TAILQ_REMOVE(&sd->sd_wu_freeq, wu, swu_link);
		sd->sd_wu_pending++;
	}
	mtx_leave(&sd->sd_wu_mtx);

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_WU, "%s: sr_wu_get: %p\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), wu);

	return (wu);
}

void
sr_wu_put(void *xsd, void *xwu)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = (struct sr_discipline *)xsd;
	struct sr_workunit	*wu = (struct sr_workunit *)xwu;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_WU, "%s: sr_wu_put: %p\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), wu);

	sr_wu_release_ccbs(wu);
	sr_wu_init(sd, wu);

	mtx_enter(&sd->sd_wu_mtx);
	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&sd->sd_wu_freeq, wu, swu_link);
	sd->sd_wu_pending--;
	mtx_leave(&sd->sd_wu_mtx);
}

void
sr_wu_init(struct sr_discipline *sd, struct sr_workunit *wu)
{
	int			s;

	s = splbio();
	if (wu->swu_cb_active == 1)
		panic("%s: sr_wu_init got active wu", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc));
	splx(s);

	wu->swu_xs = NULL;
	wu->swu_state = SR_WU_FREE;
	wu->swu_flags = 0;
	wu->swu_blk_start = 0;
	wu->swu_blk_end = 0;
	wu->swu_collider = NULL;
}

void
sr_wu_enqueue_ccb(struct sr_workunit *wu, struct sr_ccb *ccb)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = wu->swu_dis;
	int			s;

	s = splbio();
	if (wu->swu_cb_active == 1)
		panic("%s: sr_wu_enqueue_ccb got active wu",
		    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc));
	ccb->ccb_wu = wu;
	wu->swu_io_count++;
	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&wu->swu_ccb, ccb, ccb_link);
	splx(s);
}

void
sr_wu_release_ccbs(struct sr_workunit *wu)
{
	struct sr_ccb		*ccb;

	/* Return all ccbs that are associated with this workunit. */
	while ((ccb = TAILQ_FIRST(&wu->swu_ccb)) != NULL) {
		TAILQ_REMOVE(&wu->swu_ccb, ccb, ccb_link);
		sr_ccb_put(ccb);
	}

	wu->swu_io_count = 0;
	wu->swu_ios_complete = 0;
	wu->swu_ios_failed = 0;
	wu->swu_ios_succeeded = 0;
}

void
sr_wu_done(struct sr_workunit *wu)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = wu->swu_dis;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_INTR, "%s: sr_wu_done count %d completed %d failed %d\n",
	    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), wu->swu_io_count, wu->swu_ios_complete,
	    wu->swu_ios_failed);

	if (wu->swu_ios_complete < wu->swu_io_count)
		return;

	task_add(sd->sd_taskq, &wu->swu_task);
}

void
sr_wu_done_callback(void *xwu)
{
	struct sr_workunit	*wu = xwu;
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = wu->swu_dis;
	struct scsi_xfer	*xs = wu->swu_xs;
	struct sr_workunit	*wup;
	int			s;

	/*
	 * The SR_WUF_DISCIPLINE or SR_WUF_REBUILD flag must be set if
	 * the work unit is not associated with a scsi_xfer.
	 */
	KASSERT(xs != NULL ||
	    (wu->swu_flags & (SR_WUF_DISCIPLINE|SR_WUF_REBUILD)));

	s = splbio();

	if (xs != NULL) {
		if (wu->swu_ios_failed)
			xs->error = XS_DRIVER_STUFFUP;
		else
			xs->error = XS_NOERROR;
	}

	if (sd->sd_scsi_wu_done) {
		if (sd->sd_scsi_wu_done(wu) == SR_WU_RESTART)
			goto done;
	}

	/* Remove work unit from pending queue. */
	TAILQ_FOREACH(wup, &sd->sd_wu_pendq, swu_link)
		if (wup == wu)
			break;
	if (wup == NULL)
		panic("%s: wu %p not on pending queue",
		    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), wu);
	TAILQ_REMOVE(&sd->sd_wu_pendq, wu, swu_link);

	if (wu->swu_collider) {
		if (wu->swu_ios_failed)
			sr_raid_recreate_wu(wu->swu_collider);

		/* XXX Should the collider be failed if this xs failed? */
		sr_raid_startwu(wu->swu_collider);
	}

	/*
	 * If a discipline provides its own sd_scsi_done function, then it
	 * is responsible for calling sr_scsi_done() once I/O is complete.
	 */
	if (wu->swu_flags & SR_WUF_REBUILD)
		wu->swu_flags |= SR_WUF_REBUILDIOCOMP;
	if (wu->swu_flags & SR_WUF_WAKEUP)
		wakeup(wu);
	if (sd->sd_scsi_done)
		sd->sd_scsi_done(wu);
	else if (wu->swu_flags & SR_WUF_DISCIPLINE)
		sr_scsi_wu_put(sd, wu);
	else if (!(wu->swu_flags & SR_WUF_REBUILD))
		sr_scsi_done(sd, xs);

done:
	splx(s);
}

struct sr_workunit *
sr_scsi_wu_get(struct sr_discipline *sd, int flags)
{
	return scsi_io_get(&sd->sd_iopool, flags);
}

void
sr_scsi_wu_put(struct sr_discipline *sd, struct sr_workunit *wu)
{
	scsi_io_put(&sd->sd_iopool, wu);

	if (sd->sd_sync && sd->sd_wu_pending == 0)
		wakeup(sd);
}

void
sr_scsi_done(struct sr_discipline *sd, struct scsi_xfer *xs)
{
	DNPRINTF(SR_D_DIS, "%s: sr_scsi_done: xs %p\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), xs);

	if (xs->error == XS_NOERROR)
		xs->resid = 0;

	scsi_done(xs);

	if (sd->sd_sync && sd->sd_wu_pending == 0)
		wakeup(sd);
}

void
sr_scsi_cmd(struct scsi_xfer *xs)
{
	struct scsi_link	*link = xs->sc_link;
	struct sr_softc		*sc = link->bus->sb_adapter_softc;
	struct sr_workunit	*wu = xs->io;
	struct sr_discipline	*sd;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_CMD, "%s: sr_scsi_cmd target %d xs %p flags %#x\n",
	    DEVNAME(sc), link->target, xs, xs->flags);

	sd = sc->sc_targets[link->target];
	if (sd == NULL)
		panic("%s: sr_scsi_cmd NULL discipline", DEVNAME(sc));

	if (sd->sd_deleted) {
		printf("%s: %s device is being deleted, failing io\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);
		goto stuffup;
	}

	/* scsi layer *can* re-send wu without calling sr_wu_put(). */
	sr_wu_release_ccbs(wu);
	sr_wu_init(sd, wu);
	wu->swu_state = SR_WU_INPROGRESS;
	wu->swu_xs = xs;

	switch (xs->cmd.opcode) {
	case READ_COMMAND:
	case READ_10:
	case READ_16:
	case WRITE_COMMAND:
	case WRITE_10:
	case WRITE_16:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_CMD, "%s: sr_scsi_cmd: READ/WRITE %02x\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), xs->cmd.opcode);
		if (sd->sd_scsi_rw(wu))
			goto stuffup;
		break;

	case SYNCHRONIZE_CACHE:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_CMD, "%s: sr_scsi_cmd: SYNCHRONIZE_CACHE\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc));
		if (sd->sd_scsi_sync(wu))
			goto stuffup;
		goto complete;

	case TEST_UNIT_READY:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_CMD, "%s: sr_scsi_cmd: TEST_UNIT_READY\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc));
		if (sd->sd_scsi_tur(wu))
			goto stuffup;
		goto complete;

	case START_STOP:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_CMD, "%s: sr_scsi_cmd: START_STOP\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc));
		if (sd->sd_scsi_start_stop(wu))
			goto stuffup;
		goto complete;

	case INQUIRY:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_CMD, "%s: sr_scsi_cmd: INQUIRY\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc));
		if (sd->sd_scsi_inquiry(wu))
			goto stuffup;
		goto complete;

	case READ_CAPACITY:
	case READ_CAPACITY_16:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_CMD, "%s: sr_scsi_cmd READ CAPACITY 0x%02x\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), xs->cmd.opcode);
		if (sd->sd_scsi_read_cap(wu))
			goto stuffup;
		goto complete;

	case REQUEST_SENSE:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_CMD, "%s: sr_scsi_cmd REQUEST SENSE\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc));
		if (sd->sd_scsi_req_sense(wu))
			goto stuffup;
		goto complete;

	default:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_CMD, "%s: unsupported scsi command %x\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), xs->cmd.opcode);
		/* XXX might need to add generic function to handle others */
		goto stuffup;
	}

	return;
stuffup:
	if (sd->sd_scsi_sense.error_code) {
		xs->error = XS_SENSE;
		memcpy(&xs->sense, &sd->sd_scsi_sense, sizeof(xs->sense));
		bzero(&sd->sd_scsi_sense, sizeof(sd->sd_scsi_sense));
	} else {
		xs->error = XS_DRIVER_STUFFUP;
	}
complete:
	sr_scsi_done(sd, xs);
}

int
sr_scsi_probe(struct scsi_link *link)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = link->bus->sb_adapter_softc;
	struct sr_discipline	*sd;

	KASSERT(link->target < SR_MAX_LD && link->lun == 0);

	sd = sc->sc_targets[link->target];
	if (sd == NULL)
		return (ENODEV);

	link->pool = &sd->sd_iopool;
	if (sd->sd_openings)
		link->openings = sd->sd_openings(sd);
	else
		link->openings = sd->sd_max_wu;

	return (0);
}

int
sr_scsi_ioctl(struct scsi_link *link, u_long cmd, caddr_t addr, int flag)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = link->bus->sb_adapter_softc;
	struct sr_discipline	*sd;

	sd = sc->sc_targets[link->target];
	if (sd == NULL)
		return (ENODEV);

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "%s: %s sr_scsi_ioctl cmd: %#lx\n",
	    DEVNAME(sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname, cmd);

	/* Pass bio ioctls through to the bio handler. */
	if (IOCGROUP(cmd) == 'B')
		return (sr_bio_handler(sc, sd, cmd, (struct bio *)addr));

	switch (cmd) {
	case DIOCGCACHE:
	case DIOCSCACHE:
		return (EOPNOTSUPP);
	default:
		return (ENOTTY);
	}
}

int
sr_bio_ioctl(struct device *dev, u_long cmd, caddr_t addr)
{
	struct sr_softc *sc = (struct sr_softc *) dev;
	DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "%s: sr_bio_ioctl\n", DEVNAME(sc));

	return sr_bio_handler(sc, NULL, cmd, (struct bio *)addr);
}

int
sr_bio_handler(struct sr_softc *sc, struct sr_discipline *sd, u_long cmd,
    struct bio *bio)
{
	int			rv = 0;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "%s: sr_bio_handler ", DEVNAME(sc));

	rw_enter_write(&sc->sc_lock);

	bio_status_init(&sc->sc_status, &sc->sc_dev);

	switch (cmd) {
	case BIOCINQ:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "inq\n");
		rv = sr_ioctl_inq(sc, (struct bioc_inq *)bio);
		break;

	case BIOCVOL:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "vol\n");
		rv = sr_ioctl_vol(sc, (struct bioc_vol *)bio);
		break;

	case BIOCDISK:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "disk\n");
		rv = sr_ioctl_disk(sc, (struct bioc_disk *)bio);
		break;

	case BIOCALARM:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "alarm\n");
		/*rv = sr_ioctl_alarm(sc, (struct bioc_alarm *)bio); */
		break;

	case BIOCBLINK:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "blink\n");
		/*rv = sr_ioctl_blink(sc, (struct bioc_blink *)bio); */
		break;

	case BIOCSETSTATE:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "setstate\n");
		rv = sr_ioctl_setstate(sc, (struct bioc_setstate *)bio);
		break;

	case BIOCCREATERAID:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "createraid\n");
		rv = sr_ioctl_createraid(sc, (struct bioc_createraid *)bio,
		    1, NULL);
		break;

	case BIOCDELETERAID:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "deleteraid\n");
		rv = sr_ioctl_deleteraid(sc, sd, (struct bioc_deleteraid *)bio);
		break;

	case BIOCDISCIPLINE:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "discipline\n");
		rv = sr_ioctl_discipline(sc, sd, (struct bioc_discipline *)bio);
		break;

	case BIOCINSTALLBOOT:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "installboot\n");
		rv = sr_ioctl_installboot(sc, sd,
		    (struct bioc_installboot *)bio);
		break;

	default:
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "invalid ioctl\n");
		rv = ENOTTY;
	}

	sc->sc_status.bs_status = (rv ? BIO_STATUS_ERROR : BIO_STATUS_SUCCESS);

	if (sc->sc_status.bs_msg_count > 0)
		rv = 0;

	memcpy(&bio->bio_status, &sc->sc_status, sizeof(struct bio_status));

	rw_exit_write(&sc->sc_lock);

	return (rv);
}

int
sr_ioctl_inq(struct sr_softc *sc, struct bioc_inq *bi)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd;
	int			vol = 0, disk = 0;

	TAILQ_FOREACH(sd, &sc->sc_dis_list, sd_link) {
		vol++;
		disk += sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no;
	}

	strlcpy(bi->bi_dev, sc->sc_dev.dv_xname, sizeof(bi->bi_dev));
	bi->bi_novol = vol + sc->sc_hotspare_no;
	bi->bi_nodisk = disk + sc->sc_hotspare_no;

	return (0);
}

int
sr_ioctl_vol(struct sr_softc *sc, struct bioc_vol *bv)
{
	int			vol = -1, rv = EINVAL;
	struct sr_discipline	*sd;
	struct sr_chunk		*hotspare;

	TAILQ_FOREACH(sd, &sc->sc_dis_list, sd_link) {
		vol++;
		if (vol != bv->bv_volid)
			continue;

		bv->bv_status = sd->sd_vol_status;
		bv->bv_size = sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_size << DEV_BSHIFT;
		bv->bv_level = sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_level;
		bv->bv_nodisk = sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no;

#ifdef CRYPTO
		if (sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_level == 'C' &&
		    sd->mds.mdd_crypto.key_disk != NULL)
			bv->bv_nodisk++;
		else if (sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_level == 0x1C &&
		    sd->mds.mdd_raid1c.sr1c_crypto.key_disk != NULL)
			bv->bv_nodisk++;
#endif
		if (bv->bv_status == BIOC_SVREBUILD)
			bv->bv_percent = sr_rebuild_percent(sd);

		strlcpy(bv->bv_dev, sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname,
		    sizeof(bv->bv_dev));
		strlcpy(bv->bv_vendor, sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_vendor,
		    sizeof(bv->bv_vendor));
		rv = 0;
		goto done;
	}

	/* Check hotspares list. */
	SLIST_FOREACH(hotspare, &sc->sc_hotspare_list, src_link) {
		vol++;
		if (vol != bv->bv_volid)
			continue;

		bv->bv_status = BIOC_SVONLINE;
		bv->bv_size = hotspare->src_meta.scmi.scm_size << DEV_BSHIFT;
		bv->bv_level = -1;	/* Hotspare. */
		bv->bv_nodisk = 1;
		strlcpy(bv->bv_dev, hotspare->src_meta.scmi.scm_devname,
		    sizeof(bv->bv_dev));
		strlcpy(bv->bv_vendor, hotspare->src_meta.scmi.scm_devname,
		    sizeof(bv->bv_vendor));
		rv = 0;
		goto done;
	}

done:
	return (rv);
}

int
sr_ioctl_disk(struct sr_softc *sc, struct bioc_disk *bd)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd;
	struct sr_chunk		*src, *hotspare;
	int			vol = -1, rv = EINVAL;

	if (bd->bd_diskid < 0)
		goto done;

	TAILQ_FOREACH(sd, &sc->sc_dis_list, sd_link) {
		vol++;
		if (vol != bd->bd_volid)
			continue;

		if (bd->bd_diskid < sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no)
			src = sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[bd->bd_diskid];
#ifdef CRYPTO
		else if (bd->bd_diskid == sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no &&
		    sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_level == 'C' &&
		    sd->mds.mdd_crypto.key_disk != NULL)
			src = sd->mds.mdd_crypto.key_disk;
		else if (bd->bd_diskid == sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no &&
		    sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_level == 0x1C &&
		    sd->mds.mdd_raid1c.sr1c_crypto.key_disk != NULL)
			src = sd->mds.mdd_crypto.key_disk;
#endif
		else
			break;

		bd->bd_status = src->src_meta.scm_status;
		bd->bd_size = src->src_meta.scmi.scm_size << DEV_BSHIFT;
		bd->bd_channel = vol;
		bd->bd_target = bd->bd_diskid;
		strlcpy(bd->bd_vendor, src->src_meta.scmi.scm_devname,
		    sizeof(bd->bd_vendor));
		rv = 0;
		goto done;
	}

	/* Check hotspares list. */
	SLIST_FOREACH(hotspare, &sc->sc_hotspare_list, src_link) {
		vol++;
		if (vol != bd->bd_volid)
			continue;

		if (bd->bd_diskid != 0)
			break;

		bd->bd_status = hotspare->src_meta.scm_status;
		bd->bd_size = hotspare->src_meta.scmi.scm_size << DEV_BSHIFT;
		bd->bd_channel = vol;
		bd->bd_target = bd->bd_diskid;
		strlcpy(bd->bd_vendor, hotspare->src_meta.scmi.scm_devname,
		    sizeof(bd->bd_vendor));
		rv = 0;
		goto done;
	}

done:
	return (rv);
}

int
sr_ioctl_setstate(struct sr_softc *sc, struct bioc_setstate *bs)
{
	int			rv = EINVAL;
	int			vol = -1, found, c;
	struct sr_discipline	*sd;
	struct sr_chunk		*ch_entry;
	struct sr_chunk_head	*cl;

	if (bs->bs_other_id_type == BIOC_SSOTHER_UNUSED)
		goto done;

	if (bs->bs_status == BIOC_SSHOTSPARE) {
		rv = sr_hotspare(sc, (dev_t)bs->bs_other_id);
		goto done;
	}

	TAILQ_FOREACH(sd, &sc->sc_dis_list, sd_link) {
		vol++;
		if (vol == bs->bs_volid)
			break;
	}
	if (sd == NULL)
		goto done;

	switch (bs->bs_status) {
	case BIOC_SSOFFLINE:
		/* Take chunk offline */
		found = c = 0;
		cl = &sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_list;
		SLIST_FOREACH(ch_entry, cl, src_link) {
			if (ch_entry->src_dev_mm == bs->bs_other_id) {
				found = 1;
				break;
			}
			c++;
		}
		if (found == 0) {
			sr_error(sc, "chunk not part of array");
			goto done;
		}

		/* XXX: check current state first */
		sd->sd_set_chunk_state(sd, c, BIOC_SDOFFLINE);

		if (sr_meta_save(sd, SR_META_DIRTY)) {
			sr_error(sc, "could not save metadata for %s",
			    sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);
			goto done;
		}
		rv = 0;
		break;

	case BIOC_SDSCRUB:
		break;

	case BIOC_SSREBUILD:
		rv = sr_rebuild_init(sd, (dev_t)bs->bs_other_id, 0);
		break;

	default:
		sr_error(sc, "unsupported state request %d", bs->bs_status);
	}

done:
	return (rv);
}

int
sr_chunk_in_use(struct sr_softc *sc, dev_t dev)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd;
	struct sr_chunk		*chunk;
	int			i;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_MISC, "%s: sr_chunk_in_use(%d)\n", DEVNAME(sc), dev);

	if (dev == NODEV)
		return BIOC_SDINVALID;

	/* See if chunk is already in use. */
	TAILQ_FOREACH(sd, &sc->sc_dis_list, sd_link) {
		for (i = 0; i < sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no; i++) {
			chunk = sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[i];
			if (chunk->src_dev_mm == dev)
				return chunk->src_meta.scm_status;
		}
	}

	/* Check hotspares list. */
	SLIST_FOREACH(chunk, &sc->sc_hotspare_list, src_link)
		if (chunk->src_dev_mm == dev)
			return chunk->src_meta.scm_status;

	return BIOC_SDINVALID;
}

int
sr_hotspare(struct sr_softc *sc, dev_t dev)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = NULL;
	struct sr_metadata	*sm = NULL;
	struct sr_meta_chunk    *hm;
	struct sr_chunk_head	*cl;
	struct sr_chunk		*chunk, *last, *hotspare = NULL;
	struct sr_uuid		uuid;
	struct disklabel	*label = NULL;
	struct vnode		*vn;
	u_int64_t		size;
	char			devname[32];
	int			rv = EINVAL;
	int			c, part, open = 0;

	/*
	 * Add device to global hotspares list.
	 */

	sr_meta_getdevname(sc, dev, devname, sizeof(devname));

	/* Make sure chunk is not already in use. */
	c = sr_chunk_in_use(sc, dev);
	if (c != BIOC_SDINVALID && c != BIOC_SDOFFLINE) {
		if (c == BIOC_SDHOTSPARE)
			sr_error(sc, "%s is already a hotspare", devname);
		else
			sr_error(sc, "%s is already in use", devname);
		goto done;
	}

	/* XXX - See if there is an existing degraded volume... */

	/* Open device. */
	if (bdevvp(dev, &vn)) {
		sr_error(sc, "sr_hotspare: cannot allocate vnode");
		goto done;
	}
	if (VOP_OPEN(vn, FREAD | FWRITE, NOCRED, curproc)) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META,"%s: sr_hotspare cannot open %s\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), devname);
		vput(vn);
		goto fail;
	}
	open = 1; /* close dev on error */

	label = malloc(sizeof(*label), M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);

	/* Get partition details. */
	part = DISKPART(dev);
	if (VOP_IOCTL(vn, DIOCGDINFO, (caddr_t)label, FREAD,
	    NOCRED, curproc)) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_hotspare ioctl failed\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc));
		goto fail;
	}
	if (label->d_partitions[part].p_fstype != FS_RAID) {
		sr_error(sc, "%s partition not of type RAID (%d)",
		    devname, label->d_partitions[part].p_fstype);
		goto fail;
	}

	/* Calculate partition size. */
	size = DL_SECTOBLK(label, DL_GETPSIZE(&label->d_partitions[part]));
	if (size <= SR_DATA_OFFSET) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: %s partition too small\n", DEVNAME(sc),
		    devname);
		goto fail;
	}
	size -= SR_DATA_OFFSET;
	if (size > INT64_MAX) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: %s partition too large\n", DEVNAME(sc),
		    devname);
		goto fail;
	}

	/*
	 * Create and populate chunk metadata.
	 */

	sr_uuid_generate(&uuid);
	hotspare = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_chunk), M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);

	hotspare->src_dev_mm = dev;
	hotspare->src_vn = vn;
	strlcpy(hotspare->src_devname, devname, sizeof(hm->scmi.scm_devname));
	hotspare->src_size = size;

	hm = &hotspare->src_meta;
	hm->scmi.scm_volid = SR_HOTSPARE_VOLID;
	hm->scmi.scm_chunk_id = 0;
	hm->scmi.scm_size = size;
	hm->scmi.scm_coerced_size = size;
	strlcpy(hm->scmi.scm_devname, devname, sizeof(hm->scmi.scm_devname));
	memcpy(&hm->scmi.scm_uuid, &uuid, sizeof(struct sr_uuid));

	sr_checksum(sc, hm, &hm->scm_checksum,
	    sizeof(struct sr_meta_chunk_invariant));

	hm->scm_status = BIOC_SDHOTSPARE;

	/*
	 * Create and populate our own discipline and metadata.
	 */

	sm = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_metadata), M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
	sm->ssdi.ssd_magic = SR_MAGIC;
	sm->ssdi.ssd_version = SR_META_VERSION;
	sm->ssd_ondisk = 0;
	sm->ssdi.ssd_vol_flags = 0;
	memcpy(&sm->ssdi.ssd_uuid, &uuid, sizeof(struct sr_uuid));
	sm->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no = 1;
	sm->ssdi.ssd_volid = SR_HOTSPARE_VOLID;
	sm->ssdi.ssd_level = SR_HOTSPARE_LEVEL;
	sm->ssdi.ssd_size = size;
	sm->ssdi.ssd_secsize = label->d_secsize;
	strlcpy(sm->ssdi.ssd_vendor, "OPENBSD", sizeof(sm->ssdi.ssd_vendor));
	snprintf(sm->ssdi.ssd_product, sizeof(sm->ssdi.ssd_product),
	    "SR %s", "HOTSPARE");
	snprintf(sm->ssdi.ssd_revision, sizeof(sm->ssdi.ssd_revision),
	    "%03d", SR_META_VERSION);

	sd = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_discipline), M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
	sd->sd_sc = sc;
	sd->sd_meta = sm;
	sd->sd_meta_type = SR_META_F_NATIVE;
	sd->sd_vol_status = BIOC_SVONLINE;
	strlcpy(sd->sd_name, "HOTSPARE", sizeof(sd->sd_name));
	SLIST_INIT(&sd->sd_meta_opt);

	/* Add chunk to volume. */
	sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_chunk *), M_DEVBUF,
	    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
	sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[0] = hotspare;
	SLIST_INIT(&sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_list);
	SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_list, hotspare, src_link);

	/* Save metadata. */
	if (sr_meta_save(sd, SR_META_DIRTY)) {
		sr_error(sc, "could not save metadata to %s", devname);
		goto fail;
	}

	/*
	 * Add chunk to hotspare list.
	 */
	rw_enter_write(&sc->sc_hs_lock);
	cl = &sc->sc_hotspare_list;
	if (SLIST_EMPTY(cl))
		SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(cl, hotspare, src_link);
	else {
		SLIST_FOREACH(chunk, cl, src_link)
			last = chunk;
		SLIST_INSERT_AFTER(last, hotspare, src_link);
	}
	sc->sc_hotspare_no++;
	rw_exit_write(&sc->sc_hs_lock);

	rv = 0;
	goto done;

fail:
	free(hotspare, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*hotspare));

done:
	if (sd)
		free(sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks, M_DEVBUF,
		    sizeof(sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks));
	free(label, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*label));
	free(sd, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*sd));
	free(sm, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*sm));
	if (open) {
		VOP_CLOSE(vn, FREAD | FWRITE, NOCRED, curproc);
		vput(vn);
	}

	return (rv);
}

void
sr_hotspare_rebuild_callback(void *xsd)
{
	struct sr_discipline *sd = xsd;
	sr_hotspare_rebuild(sd);
}

void
sr_hotspare_rebuild(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
	struct sr_chunk_head	*cl;
	struct sr_chunk		*hotspare, *chunk = NULL;
	struct sr_workunit	*wu;
	struct sr_ccb		*ccb;
	int			i, s, cid, busy;

	/*
	 * Attempt to locate a hotspare and initiate rebuild.
	 */

	/* Find first offline chunk. */
	for (cid = 0; cid < sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no; cid++) {
		if (sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[cid]->src_meta.scm_status ==
		    BIOC_SDOFFLINE) {
			chunk = sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[cid];
			break;
		}
	}
	if (chunk == NULL) {
		printf("%s: no offline chunk found on %s!\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);
		return;
	}

	/* See if we have a suitable hotspare... */
	rw_enter_write(&sc->sc_hs_lock);
	cl = &sc->sc_hotspare_list;
	SLIST_FOREACH(hotspare, cl, src_link)
		if (hotspare->src_size >= chunk->src_size &&
		    hotspare->src_secsize <= sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_secsize)
			break;

	if (hotspare != NULL) {

		printf("%s: %s volume degraded, will attempt to "
		    "rebuild on hotspare %s\n", DEVNAME(sc),
		    sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname, hotspare->src_devname);

		/*
		 * Ensure that all pending I/O completes on the failed chunk
		 * before trying to initiate a rebuild.
		 */
		i = 0;
		do {
			busy = 0;

			s = splbio();
			TAILQ_FOREACH(wu, &sd->sd_wu_pendq, swu_link) {
				TAILQ_FOREACH(ccb, &wu->swu_ccb, ccb_link) {
					if (ccb->ccb_target == cid)
						busy = 1;
				}
			}
			TAILQ_FOREACH(wu, &sd->sd_wu_defq, swu_link) {
				TAILQ_FOREACH(ccb, &wu->swu_ccb, ccb_link) {
					if (ccb->ccb_target == cid)
						busy = 1;
				}
			}
			splx(s);

			if (busy) {
				tsleep_nsec(sd, PRIBIO, "sr_hotspare",
				    SEC_TO_NSEC(1));
				i++;
			}

		} while (busy && i < 120);

		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: waited %i seconds for I/O to "
		    "complete on failed chunk %s\n", DEVNAME(sc),
		    i, chunk->src_devname);

		if (busy) {
			printf("%s: pending I/O failed to complete on "
			    "failed chunk %s, hotspare rebuild aborted...\n",
			    DEVNAME(sc), chunk->src_devname);
			goto done;
		}

		s = splbio();
		rw_enter_write(&sc->sc_lock);
		bio_status_init(&sc->sc_status, &sc->sc_dev);
		if (sr_rebuild_init(sd, hotspare->src_dev_mm, 1) == 0) {

			/* Remove hotspare from available list. */
			sc->sc_hotspare_no--;
			SLIST_REMOVE(cl, hotspare, sr_chunk, src_link);
			free(hotspare, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*hotspare));

		}
		rw_exit_write(&sc->sc_lock);
		splx(s);
	}
done:
	rw_exit_write(&sc->sc_hs_lock);
}

int
sr_rebuild_init(struct sr_discipline *sd, dev_t dev, int hotspare)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
	struct sr_chunk		*chunk = NULL;
	struct sr_meta_chunk	*meta;
	struct disklabel	*label = NULL;
	struct vnode		*vn;
	u_int64_t		size;
	int64_t			csize;
	char			devname[32];
	int			rv = EINVAL, open = 0;
	int			cid, i, part, status;

	/*
	 * Attempt to initiate a rebuild onto the specified device.
	 */

	if (!(sd->sd_capabilities & SR_CAP_REBUILD)) {
		sr_error(sc, "discipline does not support rebuild");
		goto done;
	}

	/* make sure volume is in the right state */
	if (sd->sd_vol_status == BIOC_SVREBUILD) {
		sr_error(sc, "rebuild already in progress");
		goto done;
	}
	if (sd->sd_vol_status != BIOC_SVDEGRADED) {
		sr_error(sc, "volume not degraded");
		goto done;
	}

	/* Find first offline chunk. */
	for (cid = 0; cid < sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no; cid++) {
		if (sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[cid]->src_meta.scm_status ==
		    BIOC_SDOFFLINE) {
			chunk = sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[cid];
			break;
		}
	}
	if (chunk == NULL) {
		sr_error(sc, "no offline chunks available to rebuild");
		goto done;
	}

	/* Get coerced size from another online chunk. */
	csize = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no; i++) {
		if (sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[i]->src_meta.scm_status ==
		    BIOC_SDONLINE) {
			meta = &sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[i]->src_meta;
			csize = meta->scmi.scm_coerced_size;
			break;
		}
	}
	if (csize == 0) {
		sr_error(sc, "no online chunks available for rebuild");
		goto done;
	}

	sr_meta_getdevname(sc, dev, devname, sizeof(devname));
	if (bdevvp(dev, &vn)) {
		printf("%s: sr_rebuild_init: can't allocate vnode\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc));
		goto done;
	}
	if (VOP_OPEN(vn, FREAD | FWRITE, NOCRED, curproc)) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META,"%s: sr_ioctl_setstate can't "
		    "open %s\n", DEVNAME(sc), devname);
		vput(vn);
		goto done;
	}
	open = 1; /* close dev on error */

	label = malloc(sizeof(*label), M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);

	/* Get disklabel and check partition. */
	part = DISKPART(dev);
	if (VOP_IOCTL(vn, DIOCGDINFO, (caddr_t)label, FREAD,
	    NOCRED, curproc)) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: sr_ioctl_setstate ioctl failed\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc));
		goto done;
	}
	if (label->d_partitions[part].p_fstype != FS_RAID) {
		sr_error(sc, "%s partition not of type RAID (%d)",
		    devname, label->d_partitions[part].p_fstype);
		goto done;
	}

	/* Is the partition large enough? */
	size = DL_SECTOBLK(label, DL_GETPSIZE(&label->d_partitions[part]));
	if (size <= sd->sd_meta->ssd_data_blkno) {
		sr_error(sc, "%s: %s partition too small", DEVNAME(sc),
		    devname);
		goto done;
	}
	size -= sd->sd_meta->ssd_data_blkno;
	if (size > INT64_MAX) {
		sr_error(sc, "%s: %s partition too large", DEVNAME(sc),
		    devname);
		goto done;
	}
	if (size < csize) {
		sr_error(sc, "%s partition too small, at least %lld bytes "
		    "required", devname, (long long)(csize << DEV_BSHIFT));
		goto done;
	} else if (size > csize)
		sr_warn(sc, "%s partition too large, wasting %lld bytes",
		    devname, (long long)((size - csize) << DEV_BSHIFT));
	if (label->d_secsize > sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_secsize) {
		sr_error(sc, "%s sector size too large, <= %u bytes "
		    "required", devname, sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_secsize);
		goto done;
	}

	/* Ensure that this chunk is not already in use. */
	status = sr_chunk_in_use(sc, dev);
	if (status != BIOC_SDINVALID && status != BIOC_SDOFFLINE &&
	    !(hotspare && status == BIOC_SDHOTSPARE)) {
		sr_error(sc, "%s is already in use", devname);
		goto done;
	}

	/* Reset rebuild counter since we rebuilding onto a new chunk. */
	sd->sd_meta->ssd_rebuild = 0;

	open = 0; /* leave dev open from here on out */

	/* Fix up chunk. */
	memcpy(chunk->src_duid, label->d_uid, sizeof(chunk->src_duid));
	chunk->src_dev_mm = dev;
	chunk->src_vn = vn;

	/* Reconstruct metadata. */
	meta = &chunk->src_meta;
	meta->scmi.scm_volid = sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_volid;
	meta->scmi.scm_chunk_id = cid;
	strlcpy(meta->scmi.scm_devname, devname,
	    sizeof(meta->scmi.scm_devname));
	meta->scmi.scm_size = size;
	meta->scmi.scm_coerced_size = csize;
	memcpy(&meta->scmi.scm_uuid, &sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_uuid,
	    sizeof(meta->scmi.scm_uuid));
	sr_checksum(sc, meta, &meta->scm_checksum,
	    sizeof(struct sr_meta_chunk_invariant));

	sd->sd_set_chunk_state(sd, cid, BIOC_SDREBUILD);

	if (sr_meta_save(sd, SR_META_DIRTY)) {
		sr_error(sc, "could not save metadata to %s", devname);
		open = 1;
		goto done;
	}

	sr_warn(sc, "rebuild of %s started on %s",
	    sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname, devname);

	sd->sd_reb_abort = 0;
	kthread_create_deferred(sr_rebuild_start, sd);

	rv = 0;
done:
	free(label, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*label));
	if (open) {
		VOP_CLOSE(vn, FREAD | FWRITE, NOCRED, curproc);
		vput(vn);
	}

	return (rv);
}

int
sr_rebuild_percent(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	daddr_t			rb, sz;

	sz = sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_size;
	rb = sd->sd_meta->ssd_rebuild;

	if (rb > 0)
		return (100 - ((sz * 100 - rb * 100) / sz) - 1);

	return (0);
}

void
sr_roam_chunks(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
	struct sr_chunk		*chunk;
	struct sr_meta_chunk	*meta;
	int			roamed = 0;

	/* Have any chunks roamed? */
	SLIST_FOREACH(chunk, &sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_list, src_link) {
		meta = &chunk->src_meta;
		if (strncmp(meta->scmi.scm_devname, chunk->src_devname,
		    sizeof(meta->scmi.scm_devname))) {

			printf("%s: roaming device %s -> %s\n", DEVNAME(sc),
			    meta->scmi.scm_devname, chunk->src_devname);

			strlcpy(meta->scmi.scm_devname, chunk->src_devname,
			    sizeof(meta->scmi.scm_devname));

			roamed++;
		}
	}

	if (roamed)
		sr_meta_save(sd, SR_META_DIRTY);
}

int
sr_ioctl_createraid(struct sr_softc *sc, struct bioc_createraid *bc,
    int user, void *data)
{
	struct sr_meta_opt_item *omi;
	struct sr_chunk_head	*cl;
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = NULL;
	struct sr_chunk		*ch_entry;
	struct scsi_link	*link;
	struct device		*dev;
	char			*uuid, devname[32];
	dev_t			*dt = NULL;
	int			i, no_chunk, rv = EINVAL, target, vol;
	int			no_meta;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "%s: sr_ioctl_createraid(%d)\n",
	    DEVNAME(sc), user);

	/* user input */
	if (bc->bc_dev_list_len > BIOC_CRMAXLEN)
		goto unwind;

	dt = malloc(bc->bc_dev_list_len, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
	if (user) {
		if (copyin(bc->bc_dev_list, dt, bc->bc_dev_list_len) != 0)
			goto unwind;
	} else
		memcpy(dt, bc->bc_dev_list, bc->bc_dev_list_len);

	/* Initialise discipline. */
	sd = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_discipline), M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
	sd->sd_sc = sc;
	SLIST_INIT(&sd->sd_meta_opt);
	sd->sd_taskq = taskq_create("srdis", 1, IPL_BIO, 0);
	if (sd->sd_taskq == NULL) {
		sr_error(sc, "could not create discipline taskq");
		goto unwind;
	}
	if (sr_discipline_init(sd, bc->bc_level)) {
		sr_error(sc, "could not initialize discipline");
		goto unwind;
	}

	no_chunk = bc->bc_dev_list_len / sizeof(dev_t);
	cl = &sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_list;
	SLIST_INIT(cl);

	/* Ensure that chunks are not already in use. */
	for (i = 0; i < no_chunk; i++) {
		if (sr_chunk_in_use(sc, dt[i]) != BIOC_SDINVALID) {
			sr_meta_getdevname(sc, dt[i], devname, sizeof(devname));
			sr_error(sc, "chunk %s already in use", devname);
			goto unwind;
		}
	}

	sd->sd_meta_type = sr_meta_probe(sd, dt, no_chunk);
	if (sd->sd_meta_type == SR_META_F_INVALID) {
		sr_error(sc, "invalid metadata format");
		goto unwind;
	}

	if (sr_meta_attach(sd, no_chunk, bc->bc_flags & BIOC_SCFORCE))
		goto unwind;

	/* force the raid volume by clearing metadata region */
	if (bc->bc_flags & BIOC_SCFORCE) {
		/* make sure disk isn't up and running */
		if (sr_meta_read(sd))
			if (sr_already_assembled(sd)) {
				uuid = sr_uuid_format(
				    &sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_uuid);
				sr_error(sc, "disk %s is currently in use; "
				    "cannot force create", uuid);
				free(uuid, M_DEVBUF, 37);
				goto unwind;
			}

		if (sr_meta_clear(sd)) {
			sr_error(sc, "failed to clear metadata");
			goto unwind;
		}
	}

	no_meta = sr_meta_read(sd);
	if (no_meta == -1) {

		/* Corrupt metadata on one or more chunks. */
		sr_error(sc, "one of the chunks has corrupt metadata; "
		    "aborting assembly");
		goto unwind;

	} else if (no_meta == 0) {

		/* Initialise volume and chunk metadata. */
		sr_meta_init(sd, bc->bc_level, no_chunk);
		sd->sd_vol_status = BIOC_SVONLINE;
		sd->sd_meta_flags = bc->bc_flags & BIOC_SCNOAUTOASSEMBLE;
		if (sd->sd_create) {
			if ((i = sd->sd_create(sd, bc, no_chunk,
			    sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_minsz))) {
				rv = i;
				goto unwind;
			}
		}
		sr_meta_init_complete(sd);

		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL,
		    "%s: sr_ioctl_createraid: vol_size: %lld\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_size);

		/* Warn if we've wasted chunk space due to coercing. */
		if ((sd->sd_capabilities & SR_CAP_NON_COERCED) == 0 &&
		    sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_minsz != sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_maxsz)
			sr_warn(sc, "chunk sizes are not equal; up to %llu "
			    "blocks wasted per chunk",
			    sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_maxsz -
			    sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_minsz);

	} else {

		/* Ensure we are assembling the correct # of chunks. */
		if (bc->bc_level == 0x1C &&
		    sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no > no_chunk) {
			sr_warn(sc, "trying to bring up %s degraded",
			    sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);
		} else if (sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no != no_chunk) {
			sr_error(sc, "volume chunk count does not match metadata "
			    "chunk count");
			goto unwind;
		}

		/* Ensure metadata level matches requested assembly level. */
		if (sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_level != bc->bc_level) {
			sr_error(sc, "volume level does not match metadata "
			    "level");
			goto unwind;
		}

		if (sr_already_assembled(sd)) {
			uuid = sr_uuid_format(&sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_uuid);
			sr_error(sc, "disk %s already assembled", uuid);
			free(uuid, M_DEVBUF, 37);
			goto unwind;
		}

		if (user == 0 && (sd->sd_meta_flags & BIOC_SCNOAUTOASSEMBLE)) {
			DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: disk not auto assembled from "
			    "metadata\n", DEVNAME(sc));
			goto unwind;
		}

		if (no_meta != no_chunk)
			sr_warn(sc, "trying to bring up %s degraded",
			    sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);

		if (sd->sd_meta->ssd_meta_flags & SR_META_DIRTY)
			sr_warn(sc, "%s was not shutdown properly",
			    sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);

		SLIST_FOREACH(omi, &sd->sd_meta_opt, omi_link)
			if (sd->sd_meta_opt_handler == NULL ||
			    sd->sd_meta_opt_handler(sd, omi->omi_som) != 0)
				sr_meta_opt_handler(sd, omi->omi_som);

		if (sd->sd_assemble) {
			if ((i = sd->sd_assemble(sd, bc, no_chunk, data))) {
				rv = i;
				goto unwind;
			}
		}

		DNPRINTF(SR_D_META, "%s: disk assembled from metadata\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc));

	}

	/* Metadata MUST be fully populated by this point. */
	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&sc->sc_dis_list, sd, sd_link);

	/* Allocate all resources. */
	if ((rv = sd->sd_alloc_resources(sd)))
		goto unwind;

	/* Adjust flags if necessary. */
	if ((sd->sd_capabilities & SR_CAP_AUTO_ASSEMBLE) &&
	    (bc->bc_flags & BIOC_SCNOAUTOASSEMBLE) !=
	    (sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_vol_flags & BIOC_SCNOAUTOASSEMBLE)) {
		sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_vol_flags &= ~BIOC_SCNOAUTOASSEMBLE;
		sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_vol_flags |=
		    bc->bc_flags & BIOC_SCNOAUTOASSEMBLE;
	}

	if (sd->sd_capabilities & SR_CAP_SYSTEM_DISK) {
		/* Initialise volume state. */
		sd->sd_set_vol_state(sd);
		if (sd->sd_vol_status == BIOC_SVOFFLINE) {
			sr_error(sc, "%s is offline, will not be brought "
			    "online", sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);
			goto unwind;
		}

		/* Setup SCSI iopool. */
		scsi_iopool_init(&sd->sd_iopool, sd, sr_wu_get, sr_wu_put);

		/*
		 * All checks passed - return ENXIO if volume cannot be created.
		 */
		rv = ENXIO;

		/*
		 * Find a free target.
		 *
		 * XXX: We reserve sd_target == 0 to indicate the
		 * discipline is not linked into sc->sc_targets, so begin
		 * the search with target = 1.
		 */
		for (target = 1; target < SR_MAX_LD; target++)
			if (sc->sc_targets[target] == NULL)
				break;
		if (target == SR_MAX_LD) {
			sr_error(sc, "no free target for %s",
			    sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);
			goto unwind;
		}

		/* Clear sense data. */
		bzero(&sd->sd_scsi_sense, sizeof(sd->sd_scsi_sense));

		/* Attach discipline and get midlayer to probe it. */
		sd->sd_target = target;
		sc->sc_targets[target] = sd;
		if (scsi_probe_lun(sc->sc_scsibus, target, 0) != 0) {
			sr_error(sc, "scsi_probe_lun failed");
			sc->sc_targets[target] = NULL;
			sd->sd_target = 0;
			goto unwind;
		}

		link = scsi_get_link(sc->sc_scsibus, target, 0);
		if (link == NULL)
			goto unwind;

		dev = link->device_softc;
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "%s: sr device added: %s at target %d\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), dev->dv_xname, sd->sd_target);

		/* XXX - Count volumes, not targets. */
		for (i = 0, vol = -1; i <= sd->sd_target; i++)
			if (sc->sc_targets[i])
				vol++;

		rv = 0;

		if (sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname[0] != '\0' &&
		    strncmp(sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname, dev->dv_xname,
		    sizeof(dev->dv_xname)))
			sr_warn(sc, "volume %s is roaming, it used to be %s, "
			    "updating metadata", dev->dv_xname,
			    sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);

		/* Populate remaining volume metadata. */
		sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_volid = vol;
		strlcpy(sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname, dev->dv_xname,
		    sizeof(sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname));

		sr_info(sc, "%s volume attached as %s",
		    sd->sd_name, sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);

		/* Update device name on any roaming chunks. */
		sr_roam_chunks(sd);

#ifndef SMALL_KERNEL
		if (sr_sensors_create(sd))
			sr_warn(sc, "unable to create sensor for %s",
			    dev->dv_xname);
#endif /* SMALL_KERNEL */
	} else {
		/* This volume does not attach as a system disk. */
		ch_entry = SLIST_FIRST(cl); /* XXX */
		strlcpy(sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname, ch_entry->src_devname,
		    sizeof(sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname));

		if (sd->sd_start_discipline(sd))
			goto unwind;
	}

	/* Save current metadata to disk. */
	rv = sr_meta_save(sd, SR_META_DIRTY);

	if (sd->sd_vol_status == BIOC_SVREBUILD)
		kthread_create_deferred(sr_rebuild_start, sd);

	sd->sd_ready = 1;

	free(dt, M_DEVBUF, bc->bc_dev_list_len);

	return (rv);

unwind:
	free(dt, M_DEVBUF, bc->bc_dev_list_len);

	sr_discipline_shutdown(sd, 0, 0);

	if (rv == EAGAIN)
		rv = 0;

	return (rv);
}

int
sr_ioctl_deleteraid(struct sr_softc *sc, struct sr_discipline *sd,
    struct bioc_deleteraid *bd)
{
	int			rv = 1;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "%s: sr_ioctl_deleteraid %s\n",
	    DEVNAME(sc), bd->bd_dev);

	if (sd == NULL && (sd = sr_find_discipline(sc, bd->bd_dev)) == NULL) {
		sr_error(sc, "volume %s not found", bd->bd_dev);
		goto bad;
	}

	/*
	 * XXX Better check for mounted file systems and refuse to detach any
	 * volume that is actively in use.
	 */
	if (bcmp(&sr_bootuuid, &sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_uuid,
	    sizeof(sr_bootuuid)) == 0) {
		sr_error(sc, "refusing to delete boot volume");
		goto bad;
	}

	sd->sd_deleted = 1;
	sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_vol_flags = BIOC_SCNOAUTOASSEMBLE;
	sr_discipline_shutdown(sd, 1, 0);

	rv = 0;
bad:
	return (rv);
}

int
sr_ioctl_discipline(struct sr_softc *sc, struct sr_discipline *sd,
    struct bioc_discipline *bd)
{
	int			rv = 1;

	/* Dispatch a discipline specific ioctl. */

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "%s: sr_ioctl_discipline %s\n", DEVNAME(sc),
	    bd->bd_dev);

	if (sd == NULL && (sd = sr_find_discipline(sc, bd->bd_dev)) == NULL) {
		sr_error(sc, "volume %s not found", bd->bd_dev);
		goto bad;
	}

	if (sd->sd_ioctl_handler)
		rv = sd->sd_ioctl_handler(sd, bd);

bad:
	return (rv);
}

int
sr_ioctl_installboot(struct sr_softc *sc, struct sr_discipline *sd,
    struct bioc_installboot *bb)
{
	void			*bootblk = NULL, *bootldr = NULL;
	struct sr_chunk		*chunk;
	struct sr_meta_opt_item *omi;
	struct sr_meta_boot	*sbm;
	struct disk		*dk;
	u_int32_t		bbs = 0, bls = 0, secsize;
	u_char			duid[8];
	int			rv = EINVAL;
	int			i;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "%s: sr_ioctl_installboot %s\n", DEVNAME(sc),
	    bb->bb_dev);

	if (sd == NULL && (sd = sr_find_discipline(sc, bb->bb_dev)) == NULL) {
		sr_error(sc, "volume %s not found", bb->bb_dev);
		goto done;
	}

	TAILQ_FOREACH(dk, &disklist,  dk_link)
		if (!strncmp(dk->dk_name, bb->bb_dev, sizeof(bb->bb_dev)))
			break;
	if (dk == NULL || dk->dk_label == NULL ||
	    duid_iszero(dk->dk_label->d_uid)) {
		sr_error(sc, "failed to get DUID for softraid volume");
		goto done;
	}
	memcpy(duid, dk->dk_label->d_uid, sizeof(duid));

	/* Ensure that boot storage area is large enough. */
	if (sd->sd_meta->ssd_data_blkno < (SR_BOOT_OFFSET + SR_BOOT_SIZE)) {
		sr_error(sc, "insufficient boot storage");
		goto done;
	}

	if (bb->bb_bootblk_size > SR_BOOT_BLOCKS_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE) {
		sr_error(sc, "boot block too large (%d > %d)",
		    bb->bb_bootblk_size, SR_BOOT_BLOCKS_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE);
		goto done;
	}

	if (bb->bb_bootldr_size > SR_BOOT_LOADER_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE) {
		sr_error(sc, "boot loader too large (%d > %d)",
		    bb->bb_bootldr_size, SR_BOOT_LOADER_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE);
		goto done;
	}

	secsize = sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_secsize;

	/* Copy in boot block. */
	bbs = howmany(bb->bb_bootblk_size, secsize) * secsize;
	bootblk = malloc(bbs, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
	if (copyin(bb->bb_bootblk, bootblk, bb->bb_bootblk_size) != 0)
		goto done;

	/* Copy in boot loader. */
	bls = howmany(bb->bb_bootldr_size, secsize) * secsize;
	bootldr = malloc(bls, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
	if (copyin(bb->bb_bootldr, bootldr, bb->bb_bootldr_size) != 0)
		goto done;

	/* Create or update optional meta for bootable volumes. */
	SLIST_FOREACH(omi, &sd->sd_meta_opt, omi_link)
		if (omi->omi_som->som_type == SR_OPT_BOOT)
			break;
	if (omi == NULL) {
		omi = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_meta_opt_item), M_DEVBUF,
		    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
		omi->omi_som = malloc(sizeof(struct sr_meta_boot), M_DEVBUF,
		    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
		omi->omi_som->som_type = SR_OPT_BOOT;
		omi->omi_som->som_length = sizeof(struct sr_meta_boot);
		SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&sd->sd_meta_opt, omi, omi_link);
		sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_opt_no++;
	}
	sbm = (struct sr_meta_boot *)omi->omi_som;

	memcpy(sbm->sbm_root_duid, duid, sizeof(sbm->sbm_root_duid));
	bzero(&sbm->sbm_boot_duid, sizeof(sbm->sbm_boot_duid));
	sbm->sbm_bootblk_size = bbs;
	sbm->sbm_bootldr_size = bls;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "sr_ioctl_installboot: root duid is %s\n",
	    duid_format(sbm->sbm_root_duid));

	/* Save boot block and boot loader to each chunk. */
	for (i = 0; i < sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no; i++) {

		chunk = sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[i];
		if (chunk->src_meta.scm_status != BIOC_SDONLINE &&
		    chunk->src_meta.scm_status != BIOC_SDREBUILD)
			continue;

		if (i < SR_MAX_BOOT_DISKS)
			memcpy(&sbm->sbm_boot_duid[i], chunk->src_duid,
			    sizeof(sbm->sbm_boot_duid[i]));

		/* Save boot blocks. */
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL,
		    "sr_ioctl_installboot: saving boot block to %s "
		    "(%u bytes)\n", chunk->src_devname, bbs);

		if (sr_rw(sc, chunk->src_dev_mm, bootblk, bbs,
		    SR_BOOT_BLOCKS_OFFSET, B_WRITE)) {
			sr_error(sc, "failed to write boot block");
			goto done;
		}

		/* Save boot loader.*/
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL,
		    "sr_ioctl_installboot: saving boot loader to %s "
		    "(%u bytes)\n", chunk->src_devname, bls);

		if (sr_rw(sc, chunk->src_dev_mm, bootldr, bls,
		    SR_BOOT_LOADER_OFFSET, B_WRITE)) {
			sr_error(sc, "failed to write boot loader");
			goto done;
		}
	}

	/* XXX - Install boot block on disk - MD code. */

	/* Mark volume as bootable and save metadata. */
	sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_vol_flags |= BIOC_SCBOOTABLE;
	if (sr_meta_save(sd, SR_META_DIRTY)) {
		sr_error(sc, "could not save metadata to %s", DEVNAME(sc));
		goto done;
	}

	rv = 0;

done:
	free(bootblk, M_DEVBUF, bbs);
	free(bootldr, M_DEVBUF, bls);

	return (rv);
}

void
sr_chunks_unwind(struct sr_softc *sc, struct sr_chunk_head *cl)
{
	struct sr_chunk		*ch_entry, *ch_next;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "%s: sr_chunks_unwind\n", DEVNAME(sc));

	if (!cl)
		return;

	for (ch_entry = SLIST_FIRST(cl); ch_entry != NULL; ch_entry = ch_next) {
		ch_next = SLIST_NEXT(ch_entry, src_link);

		DNPRINTF(SR_D_IOCTL, "%s: sr_chunks_unwind closing: %s\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), ch_entry->src_devname);
		if (ch_entry->src_vn) {
			/*
			 * XXX - explicitly lock the vnode until we can resolve
			 * the problem introduced by vnode aliasing... specfs
			 * has no locking, whereas ufs/ffs does!
			 */
			vn_lock(ch_entry->src_vn, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
			VOP_CLOSE(ch_entry->src_vn, FREAD | FWRITE, NOCRED,
			    curproc);
			vput(ch_entry->src_vn);
		}
		free(ch_entry, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*ch_entry));
	}
	SLIST_INIT(cl);
}

void
sr_discipline_free(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc;
	struct sr_discipline	*sdtmp1;
	struct sr_meta_opt_head *som;
	struct sr_meta_opt_item	*omi, *omi_next;

	if (!sd)
		return;

	sc = sd->sd_sc;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_DIS, "%s: sr_discipline_free %s\n",
	    DEVNAME(sc),
	    sd->sd_meta ? sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname : "nodev");
	if (sd->sd_free_resources)
		sd->sd_free_resources(sd);
	free(sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks, M_DEVBUF, 0);
	free(sd->sd_meta, M_DEVBUF, SR_META_SIZE * DEV_BSIZE);
	free(sd->sd_meta_foreign, M_DEVBUF, smd[sd->sd_meta_type].smd_size);

	som = &sd->sd_meta_opt;
	for (omi = SLIST_FIRST(som); omi != NULL; omi = omi_next) {
		omi_next = SLIST_NEXT(omi, omi_link);
		free(omi->omi_som, M_DEVBUF, 0);
		free(omi, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*omi));
	}

	if (sd->sd_target != 0) {
		KASSERT(sc->sc_targets[sd->sd_target] == sd);
		sc->sc_targets[sd->sd_target] = NULL;
	}

	TAILQ_FOREACH(sdtmp1, &sc->sc_dis_list, sd_link) {
		if (sdtmp1 == sd)
			break;
	}
	if (sdtmp1 != NULL)
		TAILQ_REMOVE(&sc->sc_dis_list, sd, sd_link);

	explicit_bzero(sd, sizeof *sd);
	free(sd, M_DEVBUF, sizeof(*sd));
}

void
sr_discipline_shutdown(struct sr_discipline *sd, int meta_save, int dying)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc;
	int			ret, s;

	if (!sd)
		return;
	sc = sd->sd_sc;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_DIS, "%s: sr_discipline_shutdown %s\n", DEVNAME(sc),
	    sd->sd_meta ? sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname : "nodev");

	/* If rebuilding, abort rebuild and drain I/O. */
	if (sd->sd_reb_active) {
		sd->sd_reb_abort = 1;
		while (sd->sd_reb_active)
			tsleep_nsec(sd, PWAIT, "sr_shutdown", MSEC_TO_NSEC(1));
	}

	if (meta_save)
		sr_meta_save(sd, 0);

	s = splbio();

	sd->sd_ready = 0;

	/* make sure there isn't a sync pending and yield */
	wakeup(sd);
	while (sd->sd_sync || sd->sd_must_flush) {
		ret = tsleep_nsec(&sd->sd_sync, MAXPRI, "sr_down",
		    SEC_TO_NSEC(60));
		if (ret == EWOULDBLOCK)
			break;
	}
	if (dying == -1) {
		sd->sd_ready = 1;
		splx(s);
		return;
	}

#ifndef SMALL_KERNEL
	sr_sensors_delete(sd);
#endif /* SMALL_KERNEL */

	if (sd->sd_target != 0)
		scsi_detach_lun(sc->sc_scsibus, sd->sd_target, 0,
		    dying ? 0 : DETACH_FORCE);

	sr_chunks_unwind(sc, &sd->sd_vol.sv_chunk_list);

	if (sd->sd_taskq)
		taskq_destroy(sd->sd_taskq);

	sr_discipline_free(sd);

	splx(s);
}

int
sr_discipline_init(struct sr_discipline *sd, int level)
{
	int			rv = 1;

	/* Initialise discipline function pointers with defaults. */
	sd->sd_alloc_resources = sr_alloc_resources;
	sd->sd_assemble = NULL;
	sd->sd_create = NULL;
	sd->sd_free_resources = sr_free_resources;
	sd->sd_ioctl_handler = NULL;
	sd->sd_openings = NULL;
	sd->sd_meta_opt_handler = NULL;
	sd->sd_rebuild = sr_rebuild;
	sd->sd_scsi_inquiry = sr_raid_inquiry;
	sd->sd_scsi_read_cap = sr_raid_read_cap;
	sd->sd_scsi_tur = sr_raid_tur;
	sd->sd_scsi_req_sense = sr_raid_request_sense;
	sd->sd_scsi_start_stop = sr_raid_start_stop;
	sd->sd_scsi_sync = sr_raid_sync;
	sd->sd_scsi_rw = NULL;
	sd->sd_scsi_intr = sr_raid_intr;
	sd->sd_scsi_wu_done = NULL;
	sd->sd_scsi_done = NULL;
	sd->sd_set_chunk_state = sr_set_chunk_state;
	sd->sd_set_vol_state = sr_set_vol_state;
	sd->sd_start_discipline = NULL;

	task_set(&sd->sd_meta_save_task, sr_meta_save_callback, sd);
	task_set(&sd->sd_hotspare_rebuild_task, sr_hotspare_rebuild_callback,
	    sd);

	sd->sd_wu_size = sizeof(struct sr_workunit);
	switch (level) {
	case 0:
		sr_raid0_discipline_init(sd);
		break;
	case 1:
		sr_raid1_discipline_init(sd);
		break;
	case 5:
		sr_raid5_discipline_init(sd);
		break;
	case 6:
		sr_raid6_discipline_init(sd);
		break;
#ifdef CRYPTO
	case 'C':
		sr_crypto_discipline_init(sd);
		break;
	case 0x1C:
		sr_raid1c_discipline_init(sd);
		break;
#endif
	case 'c':
		sr_concat_discipline_init(sd);
		break;
	default:
		goto bad;
	}

	rv = 0;
bad:
	return (rv);
}

int
sr_raid_inquiry(struct sr_workunit *wu)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = wu->swu_dis;
	struct scsi_xfer	*xs = wu->swu_xs;
	struct scsi_inquiry	*cdb = (struct scsi_inquiry *)&xs->cmd;
	struct scsi_inquiry_data inq;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_DIS, "%s: sr_raid_inquiry\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc));

	if (xs->cmdlen != sizeof(*cdb))
		return (EINVAL);

	if (ISSET(cdb->flags, SI_EVPD))
		return (EOPNOTSUPP);

	bzero(&inq, sizeof(inq));
	inq.device = T_DIRECT;
	inq.dev_qual2 = 0;
	inq.version = SCSI_REV_2;
	inq.response_format = SID_SCSI2_RESPONSE;
	inq.additional_length = SID_SCSI2_ALEN;
	inq.flags |= SID_CmdQue;
	strlcpy(inq.vendor, sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_vendor,
	    sizeof(inq.vendor));
	strlcpy(inq.product, sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_product,
	    sizeof(inq.product));
	strlcpy(inq.revision, sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_revision,
	    sizeof(inq.revision));
	scsi_copy_internal_data(xs, &inq, sizeof(inq));

	return (0);
}

int
sr_raid_read_cap(struct sr_workunit *wu)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = wu->swu_dis;
	struct scsi_xfer	*xs = wu->swu_xs;
	struct scsi_read_cap_data rcd;
	struct scsi_read_cap_data_16 rcd16;
	u_int64_t		addr;
	int			rv = 1;
	u_int32_t		secsize;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_DIS, "%s: sr_raid_read_cap\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc));

	secsize = sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_secsize;

	addr = ((sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_size * DEV_BSIZE) / secsize) - 1;
	if (xs->cmd.opcode == READ_CAPACITY) {
		bzero(&rcd, sizeof(rcd));
		if (addr > 0xffffffffllu)
			_lto4b(0xffffffff, rcd.addr);
		else
			_lto4b(addr, rcd.addr);
		_lto4b(secsize, rcd.length);
		scsi_copy_internal_data(xs, &rcd, sizeof(rcd));
		rv = 0;
	} else if (xs->cmd.opcode == READ_CAPACITY_16) {
		bzero(&rcd16, sizeof(rcd16));
		_lto8b(addr, rcd16.addr);
		_lto4b(secsize, rcd16.length);
		scsi_copy_internal_data(xs, &rcd16, sizeof(rcd16));
		rv = 0;
	}

	return (rv);
}

int
sr_raid_tur(struct sr_workunit *wu)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = wu->swu_dis;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_DIS, "%s: sr_raid_tur\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc));

	if (sd->sd_vol_status == BIOC_SVOFFLINE) {
		sd->sd_scsi_sense.error_code = SSD_ERRCODE_CURRENT;
		sd->sd_scsi_sense.flags = SKEY_NOT_READY;
		sd->sd_scsi_sense.add_sense_code = 0x04;
		sd->sd_scsi_sense.add_sense_code_qual = 0x11;
		sd->sd_scsi_sense.extra_len = 4;
		return (1);
	} else if (sd->sd_vol_status == BIOC_SVINVALID) {
		sd->sd_scsi_sense.error_code = SSD_ERRCODE_CURRENT;
		sd->sd_scsi_sense.flags = SKEY_HARDWARE_ERROR;
		sd->sd_scsi_sense.add_sense_code = 0x05;
		sd->sd_scsi_sense.add_sense_code_qual = 0x00;
		sd->sd_scsi_sense.extra_len = 4;
		return (1);
	}

	return (0);
}

int
sr_raid_request_sense(struct sr_workunit *wu)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = wu->swu_dis;
	struct scsi_xfer	*xs = wu->swu_xs;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_DIS, "%s: sr_raid_request_sense\n",
	    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc));

	/* use latest sense data */
	memcpy(&xs->sense, &sd->sd_scsi_sense, sizeof(xs->sense));

	/* clear sense data */
	bzero(&sd->sd_scsi_sense, sizeof(sd->sd_scsi_sense));

	return (0);
}

int
sr_raid_start_stop(struct sr_workunit *wu)
{
	struct scsi_xfer	*xs = wu->swu_xs;
	struct scsi_start_stop	*ss = (struct scsi_start_stop *)&xs->cmd;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_DIS, "%s: sr_raid_start_stop\n",
	    DEVNAME(wu->swu_dis->sd_sc));

	if (!ss)
		return (1);

	/*
	 * do nothing!
	 * a softraid discipline should always reflect correct status
	 */
	return (0);
}

int
sr_raid_sync(struct sr_workunit *wu)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = wu->swu_dis;
	int			s, ret, rv = 0, ios;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_DIS, "%s: sr_raid_sync\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc));

	/* when doing a fake sync don't count the wu */
	ios = (wu->swu_flags & SR_WUF_FAKE) ? 0 : 1;

	s = splbio();
	sd->sd_sync = 1;
	while (sd->sd_wu_pending > ios) {
		ret = tsleep_nsec(sd, PRIBIO, "sr_sync", SEC_TO_NSEC(15));
		if (ret == EWOULDBLOCK) {
			DNPRINTF(SR_D_DIS, "%s: sr_raid_sync timeout\n",
			    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc));
			rv = 1;
			break;
		}
	}
	sd->sd_sync = 0;
	splx(s);

	wakeup(&sd->sd_sync);

	return (rv);
}

void
sr_raid_intr(struct buf *bp)
{
	struct sr_ccb		*ccb = (struct sr_ccb *)bp;
	struct sr_workunit	*wu = ccb->ccb_wu;
#ifdef SR_DEBUG
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = wu->swu_dis;
	struct scsi_xfer	*xs = wu->swu_xs;
#endif
	int			s;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_INTR, "%s: %s %s intr bp %p xs %p\n",
	    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname, sd->sd_name, bp, xs);

	s = splbio();
	sr_ccb_done(ccb);
	sr_wu_done(wu);
	splx(s);
}

void
sr_schedule_wu(struct sr_workunit *wu)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = wu->swu_dis;
	struct sr_workunit	*wup;
	int			s;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_WU, "sr_schedule_wu: schedule wu %p state %i "
	    "flags 0x%x\n", wu, wu->swu_state, wu->swu_flags);

	KASSERT(wu->swu_io_count > 0);

	s = splbio();

	/* Construct the work unit, do not schedule it. */
	if (wu->swu_state == SR_WU_CONSTRUCT)
		goto queued;

	/* Deferred work unit being reconstructed, do not start. */
	if (wu->swu_state == SR_WU_REQUEUE)
		goto queued;

	/* Current work unit failed, restart. */
	if (wu->swu_state == SR_WU_RESTART)
		goto start;

	if (wu->swu_state != SR_WU_INPROGRESS)
		panic("sr_schedule_wu: work unit not in progress (state %i)",
		    wu->swu_state);

	/* Walk queue backwards and fill in collider if we have one. */
	TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(wup, &sd->sd_wu_pendq, sr_wu_list, swu_link) {
		if (wu->swu_blk_end < wup->swu_blk_start ||
		    wup->swu_blk_end < wu->swu_blk_start)
			continue;

		/* Defer work unit due to LBA collision. */
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_WU, "sr_schedule_wu: deferring work unit %p\n",
		    wu);
		wu->swu_state = SR_WU_DEFERRED;
		while (wup->swu_collider)
			wup = wup->swu_collider;
		wup->swu_collider = wu;
		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&sd->sd_wu_defq, wu, swu_link);
		sd->sd_wu_collisions++;
		goto queued;
	}

start:
	sr_raid_startwu(wu);

queued:
	splx(s);
}

void
sr_raid_startwu(struct sr_workunit *wu)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = wu->swu_dis;
	struct sr_ccb		*ccb;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_WU, "sr_raid_startwu: start wu %p\n", wu);

	splassert(IPL_BIO);

	if (wu->swu_state == SR_WU_DEFERRED) {
		TAILQ_REMOVE(&sd->sd_wu_defq, wu, swu_link);
		wu->swu_state = SR_WU_INPROGRESS;
	}

	if (wu->swu_state != SR_WU_RESTART)
		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&sd->sd_wu_pendq, wu, swu_link);

	/* Start all of the individual I/Os. */
	if (wu->swu_cb_active == 1)
		panic("%s: sr_startwu_callback", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc));
	wu->swu_cb_active = 1;

	TAILQ_FOREACH(ccb, &wu->swu_ccb, ccb_link)
		VOP_STRATEGY(ccb->ccb_buf.b_vp, &ccb->ccb_buf);

	wu->swu_cb_active = 0;
}

void
sr_raid_recreate_wu(struct sr_workunit *wu)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = wu->swu_dis;
	struct sr_workunit	*wup = wu;

	/*
	 * Recreate a work unit by releasing the associated CCBs and reissuing
	 * the SCSI I/O request. This process is then repeated for all of the
	 * colliding work units.
	 */
	do {
		sr_wu_release_ccbs(wup);

		wup->swu_state = SR_WU_REQUEUE;
		if (sd->sd_scsi_rw(wup))
			panic("could not requeue I/O");

		wup = wup->swu_collider;
	} while (wup);
}

int
sr_alloc_resources(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	if (sr_wu_alloc(sd)) {
		sr_error(sd->sd_sc, "unable to allocate work units");
		return (ENOMEM);
	}
	if (sr_ccb_alloc(sd)) {
		sr_error(sd->sd_sc, "unable to allocate ccbs");
		return (ENOMEM);
	}

	return (0);
}

void
sr_free_resources(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	sr_wu_free(sd);
	sr_ccb_free(sd);
}

void
sr_set_chunk_state(struct sr_discipline *sd, int c, int new_state)
{
	int			old_state, s;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_STATE, "%s: %s: %s: sr_set_chunk_state %d -> %d\n",
	    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname,
	    sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[c]->src_meta.scmi.scm_devname, c, new_state);

	/* ok to go to splbio since this only happens in error path */
	s = splbio();
	old_state = sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[c]->src_meta.scm_status;

	/* multiple IOs to the same chunk that fail will come through here */
	if (old_state == new_state)
		goto done;

	switch (old_state) {
	case BIOC_SDONLINE:
		if (new_state == BIOC_SDOFFLINE)
			break;
		else
			goto die;
		break;

	case BIOC_SDOFFLINE:
		goto die;

	default:
die:
		splx(s); /* XXX */
		panic("%s: %s: %s: invalid chunk state transition %d -> %d",
		    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc),
		    sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname,
		    sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[c]->src_meta.scmi.scm_devname,
		    old_state, new_state);
		/* NOTREACHED */
	}

	sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[c]->src_meta.scm_status = new_state;
	sd->sd_set_vol_state(sd);

	sd->sd_must_flush = 1;
	task_add(systq, &sd->sd_meta_save_task);
done:
	splx(s);
}

void
sr_set_vol_state(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	int			states[SR_MAX_STATES];
	int			new_state, i, nd;
	int			old_state = sd->sd_vol_status;
	u_int32_t		s;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_STATE, "%s: %s: sr_set_vol_state\n",
	    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);

	nd = sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no;

	for (i = 0; i < SR_MAX_STATES; i++)
		states[i] = 0;

	for (i = 0; i < nd; i++) {
		s = sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[i]->src_meta.scm_status;
		if (s >= SR_MAX_STATES)
			panic("%s: %s: %s: invalid chunk state",
			    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc),
			    sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname,
			    sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[i]->src_meta.scmi.scm_devname);
		states[s]++;
	}

	if (states[BIOC_SDONLINE] == nd)
		new_state = BIOC_SVONLINE;
	else
		new_state = BIOC_SVOFFLINE;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_STATE, "%s: %s: sr_set_vol_state %d -> %d\n",
	    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname,
	    old_state, new_state);

	switch (old_state) {
	case BIOC_SVONLINE:
		if (new_state == BIOC_SVOFFLINE || new_state == BIOC_SVONLINE)
			break;
		else
			goto die;
		break;

	case BIOC_SVOFFLINE:
		/* XXX this might be a little too much */
		goto die;

	default:
die:
		panic("%s: %s: invalid volume state transition %d -> %d",
		    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc),
		    sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname,
		    old_state, new_state);
		/* NOTREACHED */
	}

	sd->sd_vol_status = new_state;
}

void *
sr_block_get(struct sr_discipline *sd, long length)
{
	return dma_alloc(length, PR_NOWAIT | PR_ZERO);
}

void
sr_block_put(struct sr_discipline *sd, void *ptr, int length)
{
	dma_free(ptr, length);
}

void
sr_checksum_print(u_int8_t *md5)
{
	int			i;

	for (i = 0; i < MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++)
		printf("%02x", md5[i]);
}

void
sr_checksum(struct sr_softc *sc, void *src, void *md5, u_int32_t len)
{
	MD5_CTX			ctx;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_MISC, "%s: sr_checksum(%p %p %d)\n", DEVNAME(sc), src,
	    md5, len);

	MD5Init(&ctx);
	MD5Update(&ctx, src, len);
	MD5Final(md5, &ctx);
}

void
sr_uuid_generate(struct sr_uuid *uuid)
{
	arc4random_buf(uuid->sui_id, sizeof(uuid->sui_id));
	/* UUID version 4: random */
	uuid->sui_id[6] &= 0x0f;
	uuid->sui_id[6] |= 0x40;
	/* RFC4122 variant */
	uuid->sui_id[8] &= 0x3f;
	uuid->sui_id[8] |= 0x80;
}

char *
sr_uuid_format(struct sr_uuid *uuid)
{
	char *uuidstr;

	uuidstr = malloc(37, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);

	snprintf(uuidstr, 37,
	    "%02x%02x%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x-"
	    "%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
	    uuid->sui_id[0], uuid->sui_id[1],
	    uuid->sui_id[2], uuid->sui_id[3],
	    uuid->sui_id[4], uuid->sui_id[5],
	    uuid->sui_id[6], uuid->sui_id[7],
	    uuid->sui_id[8], uuid->sui_id[9],
	    uuid->sui_id[10], uuid->sui_id[11],
	    uuid->sui_id[12], uuid->sui_id[13],
	    uuid->sui_id[14], uuid->sui_id[15]);

	return uuidstr;
}

void
sr_uuid_print(struct sr_uuid *uuid, int cr)
{
	char *uuidstr;

	uuidstr = sr_uuid_format(uuid);
	printf("%s%s", uuidstr, (cr ? "\n" : ""));
	free(uuidstr, M_DEVBUF, 37);
}

int
sr_already_assembled(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
	struct sr_discipline	*sdtmp;

	TAILQ_FOREACH(sdtmp, &sc->sc_dis_list, sd_link) {
		if (!bcmp(&sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_uuid,
		    &sdtmp->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_uuid,
		    sizeof(sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_uuid)))
			return (1);
	}

	return (0);
}

int32_t
sr_validate_stripsize(u_int32_t b)
{
	int			s = 0;

	if (b % DEV_BSIZE)
		return (-1);

	while ((b & 1) == 0) {
		b >>= 1;
		s++;
	}

	/* only multiple of twos */
	b >>= 1;
	if (b)
		return(-1);

	return (s);
}

void
sr_quiesce(void)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = softraid0;
	struct sr_discipline	*sd, *nsd;

	if (sc == NULL)
		return;

	/* Shutdown disciplines in reverse attach order. */
	TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE_SAFE(sd, &sc->sc_dis_list,
	    sr_discipline_list, sd_link, nsd)
		sr_discipline_shutdown(sd, 1, -1);
}

void
sr_shutdown(int dying)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = softraid0;
	struct sr_discipline	*sd;

	if (sc == NULL)
		return;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_MISC, "%s: sr_shutdown\n", DEVNAME(sc));

	/*
	 * Since softraid is not under mainbus, we have to explicitly
	 * notify its children that the power is going down, so they
	 * can execute their shutdown hooks.
	 */
	config_suspend((struct device *)sc, DVACT_POWERDOWN);

	/* Shutdown disciplines in reverse attach order. */
	while ((sd = TAILQ_LAST(&sc->sc_dis_list, sr_discipline_list)) != NULL)
		sr_discipline_shutdown(sd, 1, dying);
}

int
sr_validate_io(struct sr_workunit *wu, daddr_t *blkno, char *func)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = wu->swu_dis;
	struct scsi_xfer	*xs = wu->swu_xs;
	int			rv = 1;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_DIS, "%s: %s 0x%02x\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), func,
	    xs->cmd.opcode);

	if (sd->sd_meta->ssd_data_blkno == 0)
		panic("invalid data blkno");

	if (sd->sd_vol_status == BIOC_SVOFFLINE) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_DIS, "%s: %s device offline\n",
		    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), func);
		goto bad;
	}

	if (xs->datalen == 0) {
		printf("%s: %s: illegal block count for %s\n",
		    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), func, sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);
		goto bad;
	}

	if (xs->cmdlen == 10)
		*blkno = _4btol(((struct scsi_rw_10 *)&xs->cmd)->addr);
	else if (xs->cmdlen == 16)
		*blkno = _8btol(((struct scsi_rw_16 *)&xs->cmd)->addr);
	else if (xs->cmdlen == 6)
		*blkno = _3btol(((struct scsi_rw *)&xs->cmd)->addr);
	else {
		printf("%s: %s: illegal cmdlen for %s\n",
		    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), func, sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);
		goto bad;
	}

	*blkno *= (sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_secsize / DEV_BSIZE);

	wu->swu_blk_start = *blkno;
	wu->swu_blk_end = *blkno + (xs->datalen >> DEV_BSHIFT) - 1;

	if (wu->swu_blk_end > sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_size) {
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_DIS, "%s: %s out of bounds start: %lld "
		    "end: %lld length: %d\n",
		    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), func, (long long)wu->swu_blk_start,
		    (long long)wu->swu_blk_end, xs->datalen);

		sd->sd_scsi_sense.error_code = SSD_ERRCODE_CURRENT |
		    SSD_ERRCODE_VALID;
		sd->sd_scsi_sense.flags = SKEY_ILLEGAL_REQUEST;
		sd->sd_scsi_sense.add_sense_code = 0x21;
		sd->sd_scsi_sense.add_sense_code_qual = 0x00;
		sd->sd_scsi_sense.extra_len = 4;
		goto bad;
	}

	rv = 0;
bad:
	return (rv);
}

void
sr_rebuild_start(void *arg)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = arg;
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_REBUILD, "%s: %s starting rebuild thread\n",
	    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);

	if (kthread_create(sr_rebuild_thread, sd, &sd->sd_background_proc,
	    DEVNAME(sc)) != 0)
		printf("%s: unable to start background operation\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc));
}

void
sr_rebuild_thread(void *arg)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd = arg;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_REBUILD, "%s: %s rebuild thread started\n",
	    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);

	sd->sd_reb_active = 1;
	sd->sd_rebuild(sd);
	sd->sd_reb_active = 0;

	kthread_exit(0);
}

void
sr_rebuild(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
	u_int64_t		sz, whole_blk, partial_blk, blk, restart;
	daddr_t			lba;
	struct sr_workunit	*wu_r, *wu_w;
	struct scsi_xfer	xs_r, xs_w;
	struct scsi_rw_16	*cr, *cw;
	int			c, s, slept, percent = 0, old_percent = -1;
	u_int8_t		*buf;

	whole_blk = sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_size / SR_REBUILD_IO_SIZE;
	partial_blk = sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_size % SR_REBUILD_IO_SIZE;

	restart = sd->sd_meta->ssd_rebuild / SR_REBUILD_IO_SIZE;
	if (restart > whole_blk) {
		printf("%s: bogus rebuild restart offset, starting from 0\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc));
		restart = 0;
	}
	if (restart) {
		/*
		 * XXX there is a hole here; there is a possibility that we
		 * had a restart however the chunk that was supposed to
		 * be rebuilt is no longer valid; we can reach this situation
		 * when a rebuild is in progress and the box crashes and
		 * on reboot the rebuild chunk is different (like zero'd or
		 * replaced).  We need to check the uuid of the chunk that is
		 * being rebuilt to assert this.
		 */
		percent = sr_rebuild_percent(sd);
		printf("%s: resuming rebuild on %s at %d%%\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname, percent);
	}

	/* currently this is 64k therefore we can use dma_alloc */
	buf = dma_alloc(SR_REBUILD_IO_SIZE << DEV_BSHIFT, PR_WAITOK);
	for (blk = restart; blk <= whole_blk; blk++) {
		lba = blk * SR_REBUILD_IO_SIZE;
		sz = SR_REBUILD_IO_SIZE;
		if (blk == whole_blk) {
			if (partial_blk == 0)
				break;
			sz = partial_blk;
		}

		/* get some wu */
		wu_r = sr_scsi_wu_get(sd, 0);
		wu_w = sr_scsi_wu_get(sd, 0);

		DNPRINTF(SR_D_REBUILD, "%s: %s rebuild wu_r %p, wu_w %p\n",
		    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname, wu_r, wu_w);

		/* setup read io */
		bzero(&xs_r, sizeof xs_r);
		xs_r.error = XS_NOERROR;
		xs_r.flags = SCSI_DATA_IN;
		xs_r.datalen = sz << DEV_BSHIFT;
		xs_r.data = buf;
		xs_r.cmdlen = sizeof(*cr);
		cr = (struct scsi_rw_16 *)&xs_r.cmd;
		cr->opcode = READ_16;
		_lto4b(sz, cr->length);
		_lto8b(lba, cr->addr);
		wu_r->swu_state = SR_WU_CONSTRUCT;
		wu_r->swu_flags |= SR_WUF_REBUILD;
		wu_r->swu_xs = &xs_r;
		if (sd->sd_scsi_rw(wu_r)) {
			printf("%s: could not create read io\n",
			    DEVNAME(sc));
			goto fail;
		}

		/* setup write io */
		bzero(&xs_w, sizeof xs_w);
		xs_w.error = XS_NOERROR;
		xs_w.flags = SCSI_DATA_OUT;
		xs_w.datalen = sz << DEV_BSHIFT;
		xs_w.data = buf;
		xs_w.cmdlen = sizeof(*cw);
		cw = (struct scsi_rw_16 *)&xs_w.cmd;
		cw->opcode = WRITE_16;
		_lto4b(sz, cw->length);
		_lto8b(lba, cw->addr);
		wu_w->swu_state = SR_WU_CONSTRUCT;
		wu_w->swu_flags |= SR_WUF_REBUILD | SR_WUF_WAKEUP;
		wu_w->swu_xs = &xs_w;
		if (sd->sd_scsi_rw(wu_w)) {
			printf("%s: could not create write io\n",
			    DEVNAME(sc));
			goto fail;
		}

		/*
		 * collide with the read io so that we get automatically
		 * started when the read is done
		 */
		wu_w->swu_state = SR_WU_DEFERRED;
		wu_r->swu_collider = wu_w;
		s = splbio();
		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&sd->sd_wu_defq, wu_w, swu_link);
		splx(s);

		DNPRINTF(SR_D_REBUILD, "%s: %s rebuild scheduling wu_r %p\n",
		    DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname, wu_r);

		wu_r->swu_state = SR_WU_INPROGRESS;
		sr_schedule_wu(wu_r);

		/* wait for write completion */
		slept = 0;
		while ((wu_w->swu_flags & SR_WUF_REBUILDIOCOMP) == 0) {
			tsleep_nsec(wu_w, PRIBIO, "sr_rebuild", INFSLP);
			slept = 1;
		}
		/* yield if we didn't sleep */
		if (slept == 0)
			tsleep_nsec(sc, PWAIT, "sr_yield", MSEC_TO_NSEC(1));

		sr_scsi_wu_put(sd, wu_r);
		sr_scsi_wu_put(sd, wu_w);

		sd->sd_meta->ssd_rebuild = lba;

		/* XXX - this should be based on size, not percentage. */
		/* save metadata every percent */
		percent = sr_rebuild_percent(sd);
		if (percent != old_percent && blk != whole_blk) {
			if (sr_meta_save(sd, SR_META_DIRTY))
				printf("%s: could not save metadata to %s\n",
				    DEVNAME(sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);
			old_percent = percent;
		}

		if (sd->sd_reb_abort)
			goto abort;
	}

	/* all done */
	sd->sd_meta->ssd_rebuild = 0;
	for (c = 0; c < sd->sd_meta->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no; c++) {
		if (sd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[c]->src_meta.scm_status ==
		    BIOC_SDREBUILD) {
			sd->sd_set_chunk_state(sd, c, BIOC_SDONLINE);
			break;
		}
	}

abort:
	if (sr_meta_save(sd, SR_META_DIRTY))
		printf("%s: could not save metadata to %s\n",
		    DEVNAME(sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);
fail:
	dma_free(buf, SR_REBUILD_IO_SIZE << DEV_BSHIFT);
}

struct sr_discipline *
sr_find_discipline(struct sr_softc *sc, const char *devname)
{
	struct sr_discipline	*sd;

	TAILQ_FOREACH(sd, &sc->sc_dis_list, sd_link)
		if (!strncmp(sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname, devname,
		    sizeof(sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname)))
			break;
	return sd;
}

#ifndef SMALL_KERNEL
int
sr_sensors_create(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;
	int			rv = 1;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_STATE, "%s: %s: sr_sensors_create\n",
	    DEVNAME(sc), sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname);

	sd->sd_vol.sv_sensor.type = SENSOR_DRIVE;
	sd->sd_vol.sv_sensor.status = SENSOR_S_UNKNOWN;
	strlcpy(sd->sd_vol.sv_sensor.desc, sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname,
	    sizeof(sd->sd_vol.sv_sensor.desc));

	sensor_attach(&sc->sc_sensordev, &sd->sd_vol.sv_sensor);
	sd->sd_vol.sv_sensor_attached = 1;

	if (sc->sc_sensor_task == NULL) {
		sc->sc_sensor_task = sensor_task_register(sc,
		    sr_sensors_refresh, 10);
		if (sc->sc_sensor_task == NULL)
			goto bad;
	}

	rv = 0;
bad:
	return (rv);
}

void
sr_sensors_delete(struct sr_discipline *sd)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = sd->sd_sc;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_STATE, "%s: sr_sensors_delete\n", DEVNAME(sd->sd_sc));

	if (sd->sd_vol.sv_sensor_attached) {
		sensor_detach(&sd->sd_sc->sc_sensordev, &sd->sd_vol.sv_sensor);
		sd->sd_vol.sv_sensor_attached = 0;
	}

	/*
	 * Unregister the refresh task if we detached our last sensor.
	 */
	TAILQ_FOREACH(sd, &sc->sc_dis_list, sd_link)
		if (sd->sd_vol.sv_sensor_attached)
			return;
	if (sc->sc_sensor_task != NULL) {
		sensor_task_unregister(sc->sc_sensor_task);
		sc->sc_sensor_task = NULL;
	}
}

void
sr_sensors_refresh(void *arg)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = arg;
	struct sr_volume	*sv;
	struct sr_discipline	*sd;

	DNPRINTF(SR_D_STATE, "%s: sr_sensors_refresh\n", DEVNAME(sc));

	TAILQ_FOREACH(sd, &sc->sc_dis_list, sd_link) {
		sv = &sd->sd_vol;

		switch(sd->sd_vol_status) {
		case BIOC_SVOFFLINE:
			sv->sv_sensor.value = SENSOR_DRIVE_FAIL;
			sv->sv_sensor.status = SENSOR_S_CRIT;
			break;

		case BIOC_SVDEGRADED:
			sv->sv_sensor.value = SENSOR_DRIVE_PFAIL;
			sv->sv_sensor.status = SENSOR_S_WARN;
			break;

		case BIOC_SVREBUILD:
			sv->sv_sensor.value = SENSOR_DRIVE_REBUILD;
			sv->sv_sensor.status = SENSOR_S_WARN;
			break;

		case BIOC_SVSCRUB:
		case BIOC_SVONLINE:
			sv->sv_sensor.value = SENSOR_DRIVE_ONLINE;
			sv->sv_sensor.status = SENSOR_S_OK;
			break;

		default:
			sv->sv_sensor.value = 0; /* unknown */
			sv->sv_sensor.status = SENSOR_S_UNKNOWN;
		}
	}
}
#endif /* SMALL_KERNEL */

#ifdef SR_FANCY_STATS
void				sr_print_stats(void);

void
sr_print_stats(void)
{
	struct sr_softc		*sc = softraid0;
	struct sr_discipline	*sd;

	if (sc == NULL) {
		printf("no softraid softc found\n");
		return;
	}

	TAILQ_FOREACH(sd, &sc->sc_dis_list, sd_link) {
		printf("%s: ios pending %d, collisions %llu\n",
		    sd->sd_meta->ssd_devname,
		    sd->sd_wu_pending,
		    sd->sd_wu_collisions);
	}
}
#endif /* SR_FANCY_STATS */

#ifdef SR_DEBUG
void
sr_meta_print(struct sr_metadata *m)
{
	int			i;
	struct sr_meta_chunk	*mc;
	struct sr_meta_opt_hdr	*omh;

	if (!(sr_debug & SR_D_META))
		return;

	printf("\tssd_magic 0x%llx\n", m->ssdi.ssd_magic);
	printf("\tssd_version %d\n", m->ssdi.ssd_version);
	printf("\tssd_vol_flags 0x%x\n", m->ssdi.ssd_vol_flags);
	printf("\tssd_uuid ");
	sr_uuid_print(&m->ssdi.ssd_uuid, 1);
	printf("\tssd_chunk_no %d\n", m->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no);
	printf("\tssd_chunk_id %d\n", m->ssdi.ssd_chunk_id);
	printf("\tssd_opt_no %d\n", m->ssdi.ssd_opt_no);
	printf("\tssd_volid %d\n", m->ssdi.ssd_volid);
	printf("\tssd_level %d\n", m->ssdi.ssd_level);
	printf("\tssd_size %lld\n", m->ssdi.ssd_size);
	printf("\tssd_devname %s\n", m->ssd_devname);
	printf("\tssd_vendor %s\n", m->ssdi.ssd_vendor);
	printf("\tssd_product %s\n", m->ssdi.ssd_product);
	printf("\tssd_revision %s\n", m->ssdi.ssd_revision);
	printf("\tssd_strip_size %d\n", m->ssdi.ssd_strip_size);
	printf("\tssd_checksum ");
	sr_checksum_print(m->ssd_checksum);
	printf("\n");
	printf("\tssd_meta_flags 0x%x\n", m->ssd_meta_flags);
	printf("\tssd_ondisk %llu\n", m->ssd_ondisk);

	mc = (struct sr_meta_chunk *)(m + 1);
	for (i = 0; i < m->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no; i++, mc++) {
		printf("\t\tscm_volid %d\n", mc->scmi.scm_volid);
		printf("\t\tscm_chunk_id %d\n", mc->scmi.scm_chunk_id);
		printf("\t\tscm_devname %s\n", mc->scmi.scm_devname);
		printf("\t\tscm_size %lld\n", mc->scmi.scm_size);
		printf("\t\tscm_coerced_size %lld\n",mc->scmi.scm_coerced_size);
		printf("\t\tscm_uuid ");
		sr_uuid_print(&mc->scmi.scm_uuid, 1);
		printf("\t\tscm_checksum ");
		sr_checksum_print(mc->scm_checksum);
		printf("\n");
		printf("\t\tscm_status %d\n", mc->scm_status);
	}

	omh = (struct sr_meta_opt_hdr *)((u_int8_t *)(m + 1) +
	    sizeof(struct sr_meta_chunk) * m->ssdi.ssd_chunk_no);
	for (i = 0; i < m->ssdi.ssd_opt_no; i++) {
		printf("\t\t\tsom_type %d\n", omh->som_type);
		printf("\t\t\tsom_checksum ");
		sr_checksum_print(omh->som_checksum);
		printf("\n");
		omh = (struct sr_meta_opt_hdr *)((void *)omh +
		    omh->som_length);
	}
}

void
sr_dump_block(void *blk, int len)
{
	uint8_t			*b = blk;
	int			i, j, c;

	for (i = 0; i < len; i += 16) {
		for (j = 0; j < 16; j++)
			printf("%.2x ", b[i + j]);
		printf("  ");
		for (j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
			c = b[i + j];
			if (c < ' ' || c > 'z' || i + j > len)
				c = '.';
			printf("%c", c);
		}
		printf("\n");
	}
}

void
sr_dump_mem(u_int8_t *p, int len)
{
	int			i;

	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
		printf("%02x ", *p++);
	printf("\n");
}

#endif /* SR_DEBUG */

#ifdef HIBERNATE
/*
 * Side-effect free (no malloc, printf, pool, splx) softraid crypto writer.
 *
 * This function must perform the following:
 * 1. Determine the underlying device's own side-effect free I/O function
 *    (eg, ahci_hibernate_io, wd_hibernate_io, etc).
 * 2. Store enough information in the provided page argument for subsequent
 *    I/O calls (such as the crypto discipline structure for the keys, the
 *    offset of the softraid partition on the underlying disk, as well as
 *    the offset of the swap partition within the crypto volume.
 * 3. Encrypt the incoming data using the sr_discipline keys, then pass
 *    the request to the underlying device's own I/O function.
 */
int
sr_hibernate_io(dev_t dev, daddr_t blkno, vaddr_t addr, size_t size, int op, void *page)
{
	/* Struct for stashing data obtained on HIB_INIT.
	 * XXX
	 * We share the page with the underlying device's own
	 * side-effect free I/O function, so we pad our data to
	 * the end of the page. Presently this does not overlap
	 * with the other side-effect free i/o functions
	 * (ahci/wd/nvme/ufshci/sdmmc).
	 */
	struct {
		char pad[3072];
		struct sr_discipline *srd;
		hibio_fn subfn;		/* underlying device i/o fn */
		dev_t subdev;		/* underlying device dev_t */
		daddr_t sr_swapoff;	/* ofs of swap part in sr volume */
		char buf[DEV_BSIZE];	/* encryption performed into this buf */
	} *my = page;
	extern struct cfdriver sd_cd;
	char errstr[128], *dl_ret;
	struct sr_chunk *schunk;
	struct sd_softc *sd;
	struct aes_xts_ctx ctx;
	struct sr_softc *sc;
	struct device *dv;
	daddr_t key_blkno;
	uint32_t sub_raidoff;  /* ofs of sr part in underlying dev */
	static struct disklabel dl;	/* XXX too big for kernel stack */
	struct partition *pp;
	size_t i, j;
	u_char iv[8];

	/*
	 * In HIB_INIT, we are passed the swap partition size and offset
	 * in 'size' and 'blkno' respectively. These are relative to the
	 * start of the softraid partition, and we need to save these
	 * for later translation to the underlying device's layout.
	 */
	if (op == HIB_INIT) {
		dv = disk_lookup(&sd_cd, DISKUNIT(dev));
		sd = (struct sd_softc *)dv;
		sc = (struct sr_softc *)dv->dv_parent->dv_parent;

		/*
		 * Look up the sr discipline. This is used to determine
		 * if we are SR crypto and what the underlying device is.
		 */
		my->srd = sc->sc_targets[sd->sc_link->target];
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_MISC, "sr_hibernate_io: discipline is %s\n",
			my->srd->sd_name);
		if (strncmp(my->srd->sd_name, "CRYPTO",
		    sizeof(my->srd->sd_name)))
			return (ENOTSUP);

		/* Find the underlying device */
		schunk = my->srd->sd_vol.sv_chunks[0];
		my->subdev = schunk->src_dev_mm;

		/*
		 * Find the appropriate underlying device side effect free
		 * I/O function, based on the type of device it is.
		 */
		my->subfn = get_hibernate_io_function(my->subdev);
		if (!my->subfn)
			return (ENODEV);

		/*
		 * Find blkno where this raid partition starts on
		 * the underlying disk.
		 */
		dl_ret = disk_readlabel(&dl, my->subdev, errstr,
		    sizeof(errstr));
		if (dl_ret) {
			printf("Hibernate error reading disklabel: %s\n", dl_ret);
			return (ENOTSUP);
		}

		pp = &dl.d_partitions[DISKPART(my->subdev)];
		if (pp->p_fstype != FS_RAID || DL_GETPSIZE(pp) == 0)
			return (ENOTSUP);

		/* Find the blkno of the SR part in the underlying device */
		sub_raidoff = my->srd->sd_meta->ssd_data_blkno +
		    DL_SECTOBLK(&dl, DL_GETPOFFSET(pp));
		DNPRINTF(SR_D_MISC,"sr_hibernate_io: blk trans ofs: %d blks\n",
		    sub_raidoff);

		/* Save the blkno of the swap partition in the SR disk */
		my->sr_swapoff = blkno;

		/* Initialize the sub-device */
		return my->subfn(my->subdev, sub_raidoff + blkno,
		    addr, size, op, page);
	} else if (op == HIB_DONE)
		return my->subfn(my->subdev, blkno, addr, size, op, page);

	/* Hibernate only uses (and we only support) writes */
	if (op != HIB_W)
		return (ENOTSUP);

	/*
	 * Blocks act as the IV for the encryption. These block numbers
	 * are relative to the start of the sr partition, but the 'blkno'
	 * passed above is relative to the start of the swap partition
	 * inside the sr partition, so bias appropriately.
	 */
	key_blkno = my->sr_swapoff + blkno;

	/* Process each disk block one at a time. */
	for (i = 0; i < size; i += DEV_BSIZE) {
		int res;

		bzero(&ctx, sizeof(ctx));

		/*
		 * Set encryption key (from the sr discipline stashed
		 * during HIB_INIT. This code is based on the softraid
		 * bootblock code.
		 */
		aes_xts_setkey(&ctx, my->srd->mds.mdd_crypto.scr_key[0], 64);
		/* We encrypt DEV_BSIZE bytes at a time in my->buf */
		memcpy(my->buf, ((char *)addr) + i, DEV_BSIZE);

		/* Block number is the IV */
		memcpy(&iv, &key_blkno, sizeof(key_blkno));
		aes_xts_reinit(&ctx, iv);

		/* Encrypt DEV_BSIZE bytes, AES_XTS_BLOCKSIZE bytes at a time */
		for (j = 0; j < DEV_BSIZE; j += AES_XTS_BLOCKSIZE)
			aes_xts_encrypt(&ctx, my->buf + j);

		/*
		 * Write one block out from my->buf to the underlying device
		 * using its own side-effect free I/O function.
		 */
		res = my->subfn(my->subdev, blkno + (i / DEV_BSIZE),
		    (vaddr_t)(my->buf), DEV_BSIZE, op, page);
		if (res != 0)
			return (res);
		key_blkno++;
	}
	return (0);
}
#endif /* HIBERNATE */