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/** \page ftgl-tutorial FTGL tutorial

 \section starting Starting to use FTGL

 Only one header is required to use %FTGL:

\code
#include <FTGL/ftgl.h>
\endcode

 \section type Choosing a font type

 %FTGL supports 6 font output types among 3 groups: raster fonts, vector
 fonts, and texture fonts which are a mixture of both. Each font type has its
 advantages and disadvantages.

 \subsection raster Raster fonts

 Raster fonts are made of pixels painted directly on the viewport's
 framebuffer. They cannot be directly rotated or scaled.

 - Bitmap fonts use 1-bit (2-colour) rasterised glyphs.
 - Pixmap fonts use 8-bit (256 levels) rasterised glyphs.

 \image html rasterfont.png
 \image latex rasterfont.eps "" width=0.7\textwidth

 \subsection vector Vector fonts

 Vector fonts are 3D objects that are rendered at the current matrix location.
 All position, scale, texture and material effects apply to vector fonts.

 - Polygon fonts use planar triangle meshes and can be texture-mapped.
 - Outline fonts use OpenGL lines.
 - Extruded fonts are extruded polygon fonts, with the front, back and side
   meshes renderable separately to apply different effects and materials.

 \image html vectorfont.png
 \image latex vectorfont.eps "" width=0.7\textwidth

 \subsection texture Texture fonts

 Texture fonts are probably the most versatile type. They are fast,
 antialiased, and can be transformed just like any OpenGL primitive.

 \image html texturefont.png
 \image latex texturefont.eps "" width=0.7\textwidth

 \section creating Create font objects

 Creating a font and displaying some text is really straightforward, be it
 in C or in C++.

 \subsection c in C

 \code
/* Create a pixmap font from a TrueType file. */
FTGLfont *font = ftglCreatePixmapFont("/home/user/Arial.ttf");

/* If something went wrong, bail out. */
if(!font)
    return -1;

/* Set the font size and render a small text. */
ftglSetFontFaceSize(font, 72, 72);
ftglRenderFont(font, "Hello World!", FTGL_RENDER_ALL);

/* Destroy the font object. */
ftglDestroyFont(font);
 \endcode

 \subsection cxx in C++

 \code
// Create a pixmap font from a TrueType file.
FTGLPixmapFont font("/home/user/Arial.ttf");

// If something went wrong, bail out.
if(font.Error())
    return -1;

// Set the font size and render a small text.
font.FaceSize(72);
font.Render("Hello World!");
 \endcode

 The first 128 glyphs of the font (generally corresponding to the ASCII set)
 are preloaded. This means that usual text is rendered fast enough, but no
 memory is wasted loading glyphs that will not be used.

 \section commands More font commands

 \subsection metrics Font metrics

 \image html metrics.png
 \image latex metrics.eps "" width=0.5\textwidth

 If you ask a font to render at 0.0, 0.0 the bottom left most pixel or polygon
 may not be aligned to 0.0, 0.0. With FTFont::Ascender(), FTFont::Descender()
 and FTFont::Advance() an approximate bounding box can be calculated.

 For an exact bounding box, use the FTFont::BBox() function. This function
 returns the extent of the volume containing 'string'. 0.0 on the y axis will
 be aligned with the font baseline.

 \subsection charmap Specifying a character map encoding

 From the FreeType documentation:

 "By default, when a new face object is created, (FreeType) lists all the
 charmaps contained in the font face and selects the one that supports Unicode
 character codes if it finds one. Otherwise, it tries to find support for
 Latin-1, then ASCII."

 It then gives up. In this case %FTGL will set the charmap to the first it
 finds in the fonts charmap list. You can expilcitly set the char encoding with
 FTFont::CharMap().

 Valid encodings as of FreeType 2.0.4 are:

 - ft_encoding_none
 - ft_encoding_unicode
 - ft_encoding_symbol
 - ft_encoding_latin_1
 - ft_encoding_latin_2
 - ft_encoding_sjis
 - ft_encoding_gb2312
 - ft_encoding_big5
 - ft_encoding_wansung
 - ft_encoding_johab
 - ft_encoding_adobe_standard
 - ft_encoding_adobe_expert
 - ft_encoding_adobe_custom
 - ft_encoding_apple_roman

 For instance:

 \code
font.CharMap(ft_encoding_apple_roman);
 \endcode

 This will return an error if the requested encoding can't be found in the
 font.

 If your application uses Latin-1 characters, you can preload this character
 set using the following code:

 \code
// Create a pixmap font from a TrueType file.
FTGLPixmapFont font("/home/user/Arial.ttf");

// If something went wrong, bail out.
if(font.Error())
    return -1;

// Set the face size and the character map. If something went wrong, bail out.
font.FaceSize(72);
if(!font.CharMap(ft_encoding_latin_1))
    return -1;

// Create a string containing all characters between 128 and 255
// and preload the Latin-1 chars without rendering them.
char buf[129];
for(int i = 128; i < 256; i++)
{
    buf[i] = (char)(unsigned char)i;
}
buf[128] = '\0';

font.Advance(buf);
}
 \endcode


 \section sample Sample font manager class

\code
FTTextureFont* myFont = FTGLFontManager::Instance().GetFont("arial.ttf", 72);

#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <FTGL/ftgl.h>

using namespace std;

typedef map<string, FTFont*> FontList;
typedef FontList::const_iterator FontIter;

class FTGLFontManager
{
    public:
        // NOTE
        // This is shown here for brevity. The implementation should be in the source
        // file otherwise your compiler may inline the function resulting in
        // multiple instances of FTGLFontManager
        static FTGLFontManager& Instance()
        {
            static FTGLFontManager tm;
            return tm;
        }

        ~FTGLFontManager()
        {
            FontIter font;
            for(font = fonts.begin(); font != fonts.end(); font++)
            {
                delete (*font).second;
            }

            fonts.clear();
        }


        FTFont* GetFont(const char *filename, int size)
        {
            char buf[256];
            sprintf(buf, "%s%i", filename, size);
            string fontKey = string(buf);

            FontIter result = fonts.find(fontKey);
            if(result != fonts.end())
            {
                LOGMSG("Found font %s in list", filename);
                return result->second;
            }

            FTFont* font = new FTTextureFont;

            string fullname = path + string(filename);

            if(!font->Open(fullname.c_str()))
            {
                LOGERROR("Font %s failed to open", fullname.c_str());
                delete font;
                return NULL;
            }

            if(!font->FaceSize(size))
            {
                LOGERROR("Font %s failed to set size %i", filename, size);
                delete font;
                return NULL;
            }

            fonts[fontKey] = font;

            return font;
        }


    private:
        // Hide these 'cause this is a singleton.
        FTGLFontManager(){}
        FTGLFontManager(const FTGLFontManager&){};
        FTGLFontManager& operator = (const FTGLFontManager&){ return *this; };

        // container for fonts
        FontList fonts;
};
\endcode

*/
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